The Immunity

Student name : Hamoud Humidan

Computer number : 2910095
Introduction
Immune systems are generally characterized by their ability to distinguish between
self and non-self cells, tissues, or molecules, and to eliminate the non-self .
Or other definition is acquired by human ability to resist infection and overcome, the
defense of the human body against invading germs that cause disease

Type of immunity :
1) Passive immunity it is the transfer of active immunity, in the form of readymade
antibodies, from one individual to another. Passive immunity can occur naturally,
when maternal antibodies are transferred to the fetus through the placenta .

a) Natural acquired passive immunity

b) Artificially acquired passive immunity
c) Passive transfer of cell-mediated immunity

2) Active immunity .. When B cells and T cells are activated by a pathogen, memory
B-cells and T- cells develop. Throughout the lifetime of an animal these memory
cells will “remember” each specific pathogen encountered, and are able to mount
a strong response if the pathogen is detected again.

a) Naturally acquired active immunity

b) Artificially acquired active immunity

VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY

Viruses are strongly immunogenic and induces 2 types of immune responses; humoral
and cellular
Humoral response is responsible for blocking the infectivity of the virus
(neutralization)
cellular response kills the virus-infected cells expressing viral proteins on their
surfaces, such as the glycoproteins of enveloped viruses and sometimes core proteins
of these viruses