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 Objectives

‡ List and describe the classic functions of

managers ± planning, organizing, staffing,
directing, and controlling
‡ Describe the purpose and components of a
management information system (MIS)
‡ Explain how computer networking and related
software have flattened the classic
management pyramid
 Objectives

‡ Describe how many companies use

employees in task-oriented teams
‡ Describe the purpose and function of
sophisticated software for top managers
‡ Explain the problems and solutions related to
managing personal computers
‡ Explain the concept of total cost of personal
computer ownership
 `ontents

‡ Management Functions
‡ Management Levels
‡ Information Systems
‡ Personal `omputer Management
‡ MIS Leads into the Future
 Management Functions
Planning
‡ Get the job Devise short-range and long-range
done plans and set goals to help achieve
the plans
‡ On time Organizing
‡ Within budget How to use resources

‡ Satisfactorily Staffing
Directing
‡ Using Guiding employees to perform their
available work
resources `ontrolling
Monitoring progress towards goals
 Management Levels
‡ High level (strategic)
± Long-range view
± Planning
‡ Middle level (tactical)
± `arry out the plan
‡ Assemble the material
‡ Hire the resources
± Organize and staff
‡ Low level (operational)
± Supervisor
± Directing and controlling
 Management Levels

‡ Job titles
± `hief information officer (`IO)
± Director of information services
± Information resource manager
± MIS manager
‡ `omfortable with
± `omputer technology
± Organization¶s business
 Management Levels
›

 
 

Traditional hierarchy
‡ High level manager issues directives to a
group of middle level managers
‡ Each middle level manager issues directives
to a group of low level managers
‡ Each low level manager supervises other
employees to see that the work is completed
 Management Levels
›

 
 

Modern Hierarchy
‡ Dispersion of information via network
± E-mail
± Groupware
‡ Authority and work of managers has been altered
‡ Promotes sharing of information
‡ Decisions that were once management are now open
for comment and change
‡ Supports team-based and information-driven
organization
 Management Levels
›

 
 


Need new ways to monitor employees

‡ Selection and training of employees
‡ Set clear expectations
‡ Use customer satisfaction to determine
performance
Management Levels

Flattening the pyramid

 Information Systems

MIS Management Information System

DSS Decision Support Systems
EIS Executive Information Systems
 MIS
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‡ Data + Organization
‡ Set of formal business systems
designed to provide information for an
organization
‡ `omputers are typical components
 DSS
h  



‡ Supplements an MIS
‡ Pulls information from variety of databases
‡ Interactive
‡ Nonroutine decision-making
‡ Model ± mathematical representation of real-
life system
‡ Simulation ± using a computer model to
reach a decision about a real-life situation
 MIS vs. DSS
‡ MIS
± Planned reporting
± Standard, scheduled, structured, and
routine
± `onstrained by the organizational system
‡ DSS
± Decision making
± Unstructured and by request
± Immediate and friendly
 EIS

› 

 


‡ DSS for top-level managers
‡ How decisions effect entire organization
± Overall vision; company goals
± Long-term objectives
± Organizational structure
± Staffing and labor relations
± `risis management
± `ontrol of overall operations
‡ Access to information from external sources
 Personal `omputers
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‡ Benefits
± Increased productivity
± Independence from MIS department
‡ Problems
± No one in charge of overall purchase of P`s
± Incompatibility
± Network related issues
± Needed data from MIS
± Training
± Inventory
 Personal `omputers
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Solutions
‡ Staffing
± Personal `omputer Manager
± Network Manager
‡ Acquisitions policies
‡ Information centers for assistance and training
‡ Use software to control inventory of P`s
‡ Remote access
‡ `onsider total cost of ownership (T`O)
 Personal `omputers
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‡ Personal `omputer Manager
± Technology overload ± provide guidance to users for purchase
and use
± Data security and integrity ± addresses the issues of who has
access to what
± `omputer junkies ± set guidelines for P` use
‡ Network Manager
± Operational
± Provide methods for sharing
± Install software
± Backup
± Network security
 Personal `omputers
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Manager `haracteristics
‡ MIS background
‡ Technical knowledge
‡ Benefits and limitations of computers
 Personal `omputers



‡ Standards
± Hardware
± Software
± Data communications
‡ Limit the number of vendors
 Personal `omputers
› 

 

‡ Services
± Software and hardware
selection
± Data access
± Network access
± Training
± Technical assistance
‡ Easily accessible location
‡ ³User comes first´
Personal `omputers
s  
Traditional approach
± Sporadic participation
± Minimal results for
extended training
Better approach
± Initial training
± Home-grown gurus
± Follow-up support
± Involve the workers
± Web and `D based
training
 Personal `omputers
› 

‡ Budgets
‡ Software
± `ount computers
± Determines components
± Determine installed software
 Personal `omputers
Š

 

‡ Equipment needs
‡ Security concern
‡ Training
 T`O
s

 
‡ Initial hardware and software
‡ Training T`O
‡ Support estimated at
‡ Upgrading
‡ Maintenance
four times
‡ Hardware the hardware
‡ Software extras costs!
‡ `ommunications networks
 T`O
Š
s
‡ Limited Options ± standardize the ordering
process including hardware, software, and
options
‡ Helpful software ± counts computers and
determines their components and installed
software in a networked environment
‡ Hardware and software upgrades ± insure
there is justification for an upgrade
 Management Information
Systems

Leading Business into the Future