WHAT IS TRANSPORT &

TRANSPORTATION
 TRANSPORT IS A SOURSE OF
MOVEMENT

 MOVEMENT OF GOODS AND

PERSONS IS TRANSPORTATION
TYPES OF TRANSPORT
ROAD WATER

RAIL AIR
AIR TRANSPORT

TRANSPORTATION THROUGH A
VEHICLE IN THE AIR FROM ONE
PLACE TO ANOTHER

A TYPE OF CIVIL AVIATION

HISTORY
 CONCEPT
DRAWN FROM BIRDS, KIGHT,
BOOMERANG, ETC.
ADVANTAGES
 HIGH SPEED
 UNBROKEN JOURNEY
 COMFORTABLE & QUICK SERVICE
 IT CREATES EMPLOYMENT
 NO INVESTMENT IN CONSTRUCTION
OF TRACK
 IT ASSIST IN DEVELOPING TOURISM
 IT ASSIST TO INCREASE FOREIGN
EXCHANGE RESERVE
LIMITATIONS
 HIGH COST OF OPERATION
 AFFECTED BY ADVERSE WEATHER
CONDITIONS
 LIMITED CARRYING CAPACITY
 OBSOLESCENCE IS VERY HIGH
 NO DOOR TO DOOR SERVICE
 LEGAL RESTRICTION
 SPECIALISED SKILL
 BREAKDOWNS & ACCIDENTS
ELEMENTS
 AIRWAY:- DESIGNATED ROUTE IN THE AIR.
 AIRCRAFT:- A DVICE THAT IS USED OR
INTENDED TO BE USED FOR FLIGHT IN THE
AIR.
LIGHTER THAN AIR (AEROSTATUS)
HEAVIER THAN AIR (AERODYNES)
 AIRPORT:- AN AREA OF LAND THAT IS USED OR
INTENDED TO BE USED FOR THE LANDING AND
TAKE-OFF OF AIRCRAFT AND INCLUDES ITS
BUILDING AND FACILITIES.
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL(ATC)
Air traffi c control (ATC) involves
communication with aircraft to help
maintain separation — that is, they ensure
that aircraft are suffi ciently far enough
apart horizontally or vertically for no risk of
collision. Controllers may co-ordinate
position reports provided by pilots, or in high
traffi c areas (such as the United States) they
may use radar to see aircraft positions.
 TYPES OF ATC
THERE ARE GENERALLY FOUR DIFFERENT TYPES OF ATC:
 center controllers, who control aircraft enroute between
airports
 control towers (including tower, ground control, clearance
delivery, and other services), which control aircraft within a
small distance (typically 10–15 km horizontal, and 1,000 m
vertical) of an airport.
 oceanic controllers, who control aircraft over international
waters between continents, generally without radar service.
 terminal controllers, who control aircraft in a wider area
(typically 50–80 km) around busy airports.
PROBLEM FACED BY ATC
 BASICALLY THERE ARE TWO MAJOR
PROBLEMS:-
VOLUME OF AIR TRAFFIC

WEATHER
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
 Water vapor contrails left by high-altitude
jet airliners. These may contribute to
cirrus cloud formation.
 Aircraft operating at high altitudes near the
tropopause (mainly large jet airliners) emit
aerosols and leave contrails, both of which
can increase cirrus cloud formation — cloud
cover may have increased by up to 0.2%
since the birth of aviation
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
CONTD……..
 Aircraft operating at high altitudes near the
tropopause can also release chemicals that interact
with greenhouse gases at those altitudes,
particularly nitrogen compounds, which interact
with ozone, increasing ozone concentrations
 Most light piston aircraft burn avgas, which
contains tetra-ethyl lead (TEL), a highly-toxic
substance that can cause soil contamination at
airports. Some lower-compression piston engines
can operate on unleaded mogas, and turbine engines
and diesel engines — neither of which requires lead
— are appearing on some newer light aircraft
 INTRESTING FACTS:-
 The Biggest Airport in the World:-
King Fahd International Airport in Damman, Saudi Arabia.( 780
square kilometers )
London Heathrow takes up around 3,000 acres, or just 4.7 square
miles.
The Biggest Aeroplane in the world:- AIRBUS-320
The Largest Airline in the world:- Southwest
Airlines
American Airlines
Air France-KLM2
INTERESTING FACTS CONTD….
 The Busiest Airport in the World:-
By traffic movements :-
Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport Location Atlanta,
Georgia, United States(999,874)
By passenger traffic:-
Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport Location
Atlanta, Georgia, United States [passenger
movement(27,460,376)]
DATA PROVIDED BY:- AIRPORTS COUNCIL
INTERNATIONAL FOR 2008
PRESENTED BY :-

ATUL ADITYA VYOMESH RANJAN

RAKESH PANDEY BHASKAR