Sand Soil

Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral
particles. The composition of sand is highly variable, depending on the local rock sources and
conditions, but the most common constituent of sand in inland continental settings and non-
tropical coastal settings is silica (silicon dioxide, or SiO2), usually in the form of quartz.

Clay Soil
Clay is a naturally occurring aluminium silicate composed primarily of fine-grained
minerals. Clay deposits are mostly composed of clay minerals, a subtype of phyllosilicate
minerals, which impart plasticity and harden when fired or dried; they also may contain
variable amounts of water trapped in the mineral structure by polar attraction. Organic
materials which do not impart plasticity may also be a part of clay deposits. lay minerals
Loam
Loam is soil composed of sand, silt, and clay in relatively even concentration (about 40-
40-20% concentration respectively).[1] Loam soils generally contain more nutrients and
humus than sandy soils, have better infiltration and drainage than silty soils, and are
easier to till than clay soils. Loams are gritty, moist, and retain water easily.

Peaty Soil

Peaty soil contains more organic material than other soils because its acidity inhibits the
process of decomposition. This type of soils contains fewer nutrients than many other
soils and is prone to over-retaining water. Through good management and use of fertiliser
and artificial drainage excellent plants can be grown.