MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Introduction to the Computer-Based

Information System
 Components of a
Computer-Based Information System
(CBIS)
Components of a CIBS

PROCEDURES
 A computer-based
information system (CBIS)
is an information system in
which the computer plays
a major role.
 What is computer?
• Computer is an Electronic Data
Processing Machine. It operates under the
instruction store in it own memory unit that
accept INPUT or Data process it
Arithmetically and Logically, produce
OUTPUT after processing and STORE the
information for future use.
 Function of Computer

• Input
• Processing
• Output
• Storage
 Devices
• Input
– 1. Key Board 2. Mouse
• Processing
– 1 CPU
a) ALU b) CU
– 2 Primary Memory
a) RAM b) ROM
• Output
– 1. Monitor 2. Printer
• Storage
- 1. Secondary Storage
a) Hard Disk b) Floppy Disk
 Components of a
Computer-Based Information System
• Hardware
Physical parts of a computer
• Software
Instructions and data necessary to run a computer program
• Data
Raw facts
• Procedures
The policies that govern the operations of a computer system. “Procedures
are to people what software is to hardware”
• People
The most overlooked element of the CBIS. People are probably the
components that most influence the success or failure of information system.
Users, programmers, system analysts, and database administrators are some
of the people associated with the CBIS.
 Processing

CPU
Arithmetic
Logic Unit
Input Output

Control Unit

Memory
Technical
Operation
Storage
of a CIBS
The programs available on a CBIS consists of two types:
1. System Software
2. Application Software
System Software
• System software exists primarily for the
computer itself, to help the computer perform
specific functions.

• One major type of system software is the

operating system (OS). All computers require
an operating system.

• The OS tells the computer how to interact with

the user and its own devices.

• Common operating systems include Windows,

the Macintosh OS, OS/2, and UNIX .
Application Software

• Application software tells the computer how to

accomplish tasks the user requires, such as
creating a document or editing a graphic image.
• Some important kinds of application software are:

Word processing programs Spreadsheet software

Database management
Graphics programs
Web design tools and browsers
Communications programs
Entertainment and education
Presentation programs
Networking software
Internet applications
Utilities
Multimedia authoring
Hardware & Software
FUNDAMENTALS
HERTZ
Hertz is commonly used to rate the
clock speed of micro processor
MIPS (Million instruction per second )
MIPS is often used as the measure of how
much work (through put) a computer can do
in one second
FLOPS (floating point operation per second)

FLOPS are the Addition, Subtraction,

Multiplication, Division, and other
numeric operations performed on
decimal numbers
Multi-Programming
It is often used in multi in multiuser
operating system it is a process in
which the computer works on two or
more program concurrently or side by
side
MultiTasking
It refers to the operating systems
ability to execute two or more of a
single user task concurrently
 Time Sharing
It is a very popular technique that
allows the CPU to simultaneously
support the activities of several terminal
user
Fore-ground and Back-Ground
Processing

With fore-ground back ground processing

fore ground jobs are usually handled first
when no fore ground task await processing
the computer goes to back ground partition
and start processing task there
 Virtual Memory

Some time called virtual storage extend

primary memory by treating disk
storage as a logical extension of RAM
 Multi Processing

It refer to the use of two or more CPU (Central

Processing Unit) linked together to perform
coordinated work simultaneously. The difference
between multi processing and multi programming is
that multi processing involves handling several
parts of same program simultaneously on several
central processing units whereas multi
programming means processing several programs
on a single Central Processing Unit
Achieving the CBIS
 Five Main Resources

}
1. Personnel
2. Material
3. Machines Physical
(including facilities and energy)

4. Money
5. Information (and data) } Conceptual
 Information Management

Information:
The most valuable resource
How Resources are Managed

a. Acquire
b. Assemble, or
prepare
c. Maximize use
d. Replace
 Who are the Users?
1. Managers
2. Non-managers
3. Persons & organizations in the firm’s
environment
 Where Managers are Found

a. Various management levels

b. Various functional areas of the firm
 Levels of Managers

i. Strategic planning

ii. Management control

iii. Operational control

 Managers Can Be Found on All
Levels and in All Functional
Areas of the Firm
Strategic planning level

Management Control Level

Operational Control
Level

Finance Human Information Manufacturing Marketing

Function Resources Services Function Function
Function Function
 What Managers do --

Strategic Management Operational

Planning Level Control Level Control Level

Plan Organize Direct

Direct Plan Control
Control
Staff Staff Staff
Control Organize
Organize
Direct Plan
 Management Skills
1. Communications

2. Problem solving
} How can an
information
specialist help?