An ISAS on

Done by:
ABHISHEK MALHOTRA
BASUDEO KUMHAR
MITHILESH CHOUDHARY
PRADEEP TURI

Guided by: Mr. Arindam Paul

Topics that will be covered:

1. Introduction
2. How 3G Works
3. Advantages of 3G
4. Disadvantages of 3G
5. Future Scope of 3G
6. 3G Gadgets & Videos
 1. INTRODUCTION
3G stands for Third Generation. Depending on the Technology and advancements,
cellular networks are named by Generations. Today it’s era of 3G networks. 3G
Network has capability of providing Voice & Text service along with high speed data
transmission such as High Speed Internet, Online Gaming & Video Calling. In order to
avail benefits of the advanced 3G networks, we need to have a 3G phone. 3G phone
is a Quadruple Band with WCDMA support. 3G uses GSM & CDMA technologies
combined to obtain both voice & data transmission at same time. 3G phones also
usually have Wi-Fi or WLAN which allows us to connect to available Wi-Fi hotspot. 3G
Phones allow us to organize our life and connect with ease. It feels good when you
have face to face communication with help of a 3G Phone. They improve
productivity & creativity of one. Nokia 6233 was the first 3G Phone in India. Later
Nokia N95 ranked Top Selling award in 3G phones. 3G Phones also combine exciting
feature like High Resolution Camera, Large Screen, Optional Touch Interface, Global
Positioning System (GPS) and many more. Vendors like Sony Ericsson, Samsung &
Motorola have also launched many of the 3G Phones during last few years. 3G
technology is still available in limited parts of world. It is spreading day by day and
increasing popularity of 3G Handset. 3G Phones will eventually become everyone’s
need in upcoming few years as all networks around globe would become 3G
enabled.
 History of 3G
The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan branded
FOMA, in May 2001 on a pre-release of W-CDMA technology. The first commercial launch of
3G was also by NTT DoCoMo in Japan on 1 October 2001, although it was initially somewhat
limited in scope; broader availability was delayed by apparent concerns over reliability.
The second network to go commercially live was by SK Telecom in South Korea on the
1xEV-DO technology in January 2002. By May 2002 the second South Korean 3G network
was by KT on EV-DO and thus the Koreans were the first to see competition among 3G
operators. The first European pre-commercial network was at the Isle of Man by Manx
Telecom, the operator then owned by British Telecom, and the first commercial network in
Europe was opened for business by Telenor in December 2001 with no commercial
handsets and thus no paying customers. These were both on the W-CDMA technology.
The first commercial United States 3G network was by Monet Mobile Networks, on
CDMA2000 1x EV-DO technology, but this network provider later shut down operations.
The second 3G network operator in the USA was Verizon Wireless in October 2003 also on
CDMA2000 1x EVDO. AT&T Mobility is also a true 3G network, having completed its
upgrade of the 3G network to HSUPA.

By June 2007, the 200 millionth 3G subscriber had been connected. Out of 3 billion mobile
phone subscriptions worldwide this is only 6.7%. In the countries where 3G was launched first
– Japan and South Korea – 3G penetration is over 70%. 
2. How 3G Works?
EVDO
EVDO stands for Evolution Data Optimized
EVDO is a 3G mobile broadband technology
EVDO Rev-A is the current version of EVDO available from Sprint and Verizon.
EVDO Rev-0 was the original technology. Rev-A is faster than Rev- 0.

EVDO works similarly to the way your cell phone operates in that it relies on signal
from a wireless tower rather than a physical connection like a phone line or cable.
An EVDO modem (often referred to as an "air-card") receives the signal and allows
one to connect to the internet - it's as simple as that! EVDO modems come in several
formats: USB dongle, Express Card, PCMCIA card, or all-in-one hotspot and one can
use them either directly in their computer or in a 3G router.

EVDO Rev A has a peak data rate of 3,000 kbits/s, but realistic speeds average around
600 kbits/s-1.4 Mbits/s Download with bursts to 2.0 Mbits/s and 500 Kbits/s-800 Kbits/s
Upload with bursts to 1.8 Mbits/s.
FOMA(Freedom of Mobile Multimedia Access)
Spread Spectrum method(High-quality, high-efficiency transmission)

W-CDMA spreads signals over a frequency range several hundred times broader than
a conventional system, and allocates single time slots to each user. Since this
method allows all users to share the broad bandwidth, splitting the bandwidth
becomes unnecessary and transmission efficiency is vastly improved. In addition,
spread spectrum is highly resistant to disturbance and noise, and the use of a
common frequency in all cells minimizes jamming and interference. The need for
frequency-switching when a user moves from one station's coverage to another is
eliminated to make high-quality communications possible.

Multirate Transmission Method(Efficient, high-speed processing of various data types)

Critical to the success of FOMA is W-CDMA's ability to handle the system's massive
data content. This is achieved through the use of multirate transmission that
automatically selects the optimal transmission speed and route according to data
type and size, to assure high-speed high-quality handling of content including voice,
still images and video.
3G Mobile Phone System
Third generation mobile
communications systems have several
names such as 3G, UMTS and WCDMA
assure us that they will heighten
mobile communications to better
speed limits. 3G technology is an
improvement upon 2G systems in two
ways.  The first being a step towards
packet switching from circuit
switching.  Packet switching tends to
use the communication system more
effectively, consequently boosting the
capacity of the system.  Packet
switching also permits users to
always be online.  This means
elimination in the need for users to
“dial-up”. 
3. Advantages of 3G
•High Security as compared to its predecessor 2G,2.5G.

•Improved Data Speed ranging from 300 – 2,000 kbits/s.

•Reasonable Data Rates close to 2G.

•Provides ease of use to anyone who wants to have a video chat with someone on the
other side of the Globe.

•All one needs is a 3G enabled phone freeing one from the hassles of the conventional
wires and cables(also modems).

•Where 3G connection won’t be available it will automatically switch over to 2G

connection.
4. Disadvantages of 3G
•Conversion of 3G from 2G is going to be
a huge problem because there is a huge
population all around the world that still
prefers 2G over 3G.

•Most of the services offered by 3G go

unnoticed by the common mass as they
have no use for it.

•3G has not yet spread to the remote

parts of the world where 2G already has.

The diagram on the right shows the

Accessibility features of 3G Handsets
available and the percentage of the
available features used by the Handset
owners.
5. Future Scope of 3G
From what one can see in this chart
one can clearly make out that the
future of 3G is bright not only on
India but all over the world.

In fact, successors of 3G namely 3.5G

and 4G have already started to lay
their foundations.

All one can do is to make the most

of this wonderful technology which
is due to rock the world of
technology in due course.
6. 3G Gadgets & Videos

A popular EVDO setup:

A Sprint 598Uaircard in
A CradlePoint
Model of a 3G vest used by CTR350
router
Undercover Cops
 to share the
connection along with
 Vodafone 3G
( faster, smarter
and better)
 Airtel 3G
(Dil jo chahe paas laye)
In-vehicle online video on demand
over 3G mobile broadband
THANK YOU