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  • "Gotfdf /FHGLLT Ug Ef/Tlo U) DKNFG C KMN: D) NFSF) Ejo Tof/L RF) Yf) /fli6 O Ko (6G

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    kshepyastraweekly
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    समायोजन गर्ने भनेको जनसेनालाई पनि राज्यको एक अंग बनाउने भनेको हो देव गुरुङ, स्थायी समिति सदस्य एनेकपा माओवादी ० तीन दलका शीर्षस्थ नेताहरुबीच भएको पाच बुादे सहमति कार्यान्वयनको दिशामा के भइरहेको छ, प्रष्ट पारिदिनुस न ? मुख्य दलका नेताहरुबीच भएको पाच बुादे सहमतिका विषयमा छलफल अन्तरक्रिया गर्दै अगाडि बढ्ने काम भइरहेको छ । यस विषयमा दलहरुले आवश्यकता अनुसार कुराकानी छलफल गरेर अगाडि बढ्न जरुरी छ। ० अहिले प्रमुख प्रतिपक्ष दल नेपाली काग्रेसले सेना समायोजनको विषयलाई जोडतोडले उठाएको छ, सेना समायोजन गर्दा कति संख्यामा जनमुक्ति सेना समायोजन गर्ने भन्ने विषयमा टुङ्गो लागि सकेको हो ? कति संख्यामा जनमुक्ति सेना नेपाली सेनामा समायोजन गर्ने भन्ने सन्देशमा केही टुङ्गो लागेको छैन । पार्टीभित्र यो विषयमा गम्भीर ढंगले छलफल भइरहेको छ । विषय, प्रसंग र सन्दर्भ अनुसार छलफल चल्दा कस्तो निचोड आउछ त्यही अनुसार अगाडि बढ्ने कुरा हुन्छ । सेना समायोजनको विषयमा व्यापक छलफल हुादा के निचोड आउाछ त्यसकै आधारमा हामी अगाडि बढ्छौ । ० सेना समायोजन र हतियार राज्यलाई बुझाउने सन्दर्भमा पार्टी भित्रै व्यापक अन्तरविरोध छ भन्ने प्रचारमा आइरहेको छ नि, वास्तविकता के हो ? हतियार राज्यलाई बुझाउने विषयमा के कुरा भएको छ यो त हामीलाई थाहा भएन तर विस्तृत शान्ति सम्झौतामा हतियार बुझाउने कुरा कतै उल्लेख गरिएको छैन । जनसेनालाई निशस्तिकरण गर्ने भन्ने पनि सम्झौतामा उल्लेख गरिएको छैन । शान्ति सम्झौतामा स्पष्ट रुपमा सेना समायोजन गर्ने भनिएको छ । समायोजन गर्ने भनेको जनसेनालाई पनि राज्यको एक अंक बनाउने हो । राज्यको अङ्ग बनाउने ठाउामा निशस्त्रिकरण गर्ने भन्ने कुरा कहाबाट आयो त्यो थाहा भएन । ० नेताहरुको सुरक्षामा रहेका जनसेनालाई फिर्ता पठाएर दोहोरो सुरक्षा प्रणाली अन्त्य गर्ने सन्र्दभमा पनि पार्टीभित्र व्यापक मतभेद छ भनिन्छ नि ? सुरक्षा प्रणाली कस्तो बनाउने भन्ने विषयमा पार्टीमा विवाद छैन । तर जनमुक्ति सेनासाग रहेका हतियारहरु राज्यको मातहतमा पुर्याउने भन्ने हल्ला आइरहेको छ । त्यो विषयको वास्तविकता के हो भन्ने विषयमा हामीले पार्टीभित्र व्यापक, छलफल हुनुपर्यो भन्ने माग गरेका छौ । विस्तृत सम्झौतामा उल्लेख नै नभएको जनमुक्ति सेनालाई निशस्तिकरण गर्ने कुरा कहाबाट आयो भन्ने कुरामा पार्टीभित्र छलफलको आवश्यकता छ । त्यो विषयमा पार्टीभित्र कुरा उठेको हो, अन्य कुरा केही होइन । ० यस्तो गम्भीर विषयमा पार्टीभित्र एकमत नभएर बहुमतको आधारमा निर्णय गर्दा पार्टी भित्रको अन्तरविरोध झनै चर्कने त होइन ? एउटा जीवन्त पार्टीभित्र बहस, छलफल र अन्तरक्रिया निरन्तर चलिरहन्छ । पार्टीभित्र छलफल चल्नु नौलो कुरा होइन त्यो छलफल पार्टीभित्र पहिल्यै देखि चल्दै आएको छ । यो निरन्तर रुपमा चलि नै रहन्छ । मृत्युतुल्य पार्टी भएको भए जीवन्त छलफल चल्दैनथ्यो । जीवन्त पार्टी भएकै हुनाले हाम्रो पार्टीभित्र छलफल, अन्तरक्रियाहरु चलेका हुन् । यसलाई अन्य रुपमा बुझ्न आवश्यक छैन । ० काग्रेसले माओवादी पार्टीलाई दाह्रा र नङ्ग्रा नभएको बाघजस्तो बनाउने उद्घोष गरेको थियो, माओवादी अहिले निरीह भएर त्यसै दिशातर्फ लागेको देखिन्छ नि ? माओवादी पार्टी भनेको वैज्ञानिक र विचार बोकेको पार्टी हो, कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी भनेको सर्वहारावर्गीय पार्टी हो । बिचार नै कम्युनिष्ट पार्टीको मुख्य अस्त्र हो । क्रान्तिकारी विचार नै कम्युनिष्ट पार्टीको मूल आधार हो । त्यसकारण जंगली जनावरको दाह्रा, नङ्ग्राको विषयमा कााग्रेसले कुन प्रसंगमा भन्न खोजेको हो त्यो हामीलाई थाहा भएन । ० तीन दलबीच राष्ट्रिय सहमतिको सरकार गठन गर्ने भन्ने सहमति भएको छ, सरकारको नेतृत्व गर्ने सन्दर्भमा पार्टीले के सोचिरहेको छ ? अहिले झलनाथ खनाल नेतृत्वको सरकारले काम गरिरहेको छ । यसको विकल्पमा अर्को सरकार गठन हुने भन्ने विषय मै सहमति भएको छैन । विकल्प तयार गर्ने भन्ने विषयमा दलहरुबीच सहमति भएपछि मात्र झलनाथले राजीनामा दिनु होला । उहाको राजीनामा आएपछिमात्र कसले नेतृत्व गर्ने भन्ने विषयमा टुङ्गो लाग्ला । अहिले कसले नेतृत्व गर्ने भन्ने कुरा उठाउनु युक्तिसंगत हुादैन । सहमतिको सरकार गठन गर्ने विषयमा सहमति जुरेपछि मात्र त्यसको नेतृत्व कसले गर्ने भन्ने कुरा मान्यताको आधारमा सरकार बनाउने भन्ने विषयमा सहमति नजुटि सहमतिको राष्ट्रिय सरकार गठन हुने कुरा भएन । त्यसो नभएसम्म झलनाथले राजीनामा दिने कुरै हुादैन । अहिले सहमित नै नबनी प्रधानमन्त्रीले राजीनामा दिादा मुलुकमा रिक्ततताको अवस्था आउाछ । यसले अराजकता निम्तिन सक्छ । ० तपाईंहरुको पार्टीले सरकारमा चालिस प्रतिशत महिलाको सहभागिता गराउने भनेर निर्णय गरिसकेको सन्दर्भमा सपथ लिन बाकी मन्त्रीहरु यो सरकारमा सहभागी हुनुहुन्छ कि हुनुहुन्न ? पार्टीले धेरै पहिले देखि र पछिल्लो केन्

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    समायोजन गर्ने भनेको जनसेनालाई पनि राज्यको एक अंग बनाउने भनेको हो देव गुरुङ, स्थायी समिति सदस्य एनेकपा माओवादी ० तीन दलका शीर्षस्थ नेताहरुबीच भएको पाच बुादे सहमति कार्यान्वयनको दिशामा के भइरहेको छ, प्रष्ट पारिदिनुस न ? मुख्य दलका नेताहरुबीच भएको पाच बुादे सहमतिका विषयमा छलफल अन्तरक्रिया गर्दै अगाडि बढ्ने काम भइरहेको छ । यस विषयमा दलहरुले आवश्यकता अनुसार कुराकानी छलफल गरेर अगाडि बढ्न जरुरी छ। ० अहिले प्रमुख प्रतिपक्ष दल नेपाली काग्रेसले सेना समायोजनको विषयलाई जोडतोडले उठाएको छ, सेना समायोजन गर्दा कति संख्यामा जनमुक्ति सेना समायोजन गर्ने भन्ने विषयमा टुङ्गो लागि सकेको हो ? कति संख्यामा जनमुक्ति सेना नेपाली सेनामा समायोजन गर्ने भन्ने सन्देशमा केही टुङ्गो लागेको छैन । पार्टीभित्र यो विषयमा गम्भीर ढंगले छलफल भइरहेको छ । विषय, प्रसंग र सन्दर्भ अनुसार छलफल चल्दा कस्तो निचोड आउछ त्यही अनुसार अगाडि बढ्ने कुरा हुन्छ । सेना समायोजनको विषयमा व्यापक छलफल हुादा के निचोड आउाछ त्यसकै आधारमा हामी अगाडि बढ्छौ । ० सेना समायोजन र हतियार राज्यलाई बुझाउने सन्दर्भमा पार्टी भित्रै व्यापक अन्तरविरोध छ भन्ने प्रचारमा आइरहेको छ नि, वास्तविकता के हो ? हतियार राज्यलाई बुझाउने विषयमा के कुरा भएको छ यो त हामीलाई थाहा भएन तर विस्तृत शान्ति सम्झौतामा हतियार बुझाउने कुरा कतै उल्लेख गरिएको छैन । जनसेनालाई निशस्तिकरण गर्ने भन्ने पनि सम्झौतामा उल्लेख गरिएको छैन । शान्ति सम्झौतामा स्पष्ट रुपमा सेना समायोजन गर्ने भनिएको छ । समायोजन गर्ने भनेको जनसेनालाई पनि राज्यको एक अंक बनाउने हो । राज्यको अङ्ग बनाउने ठाउामा निशस्त्रिकरण गर्ने भन्ने कुरा कहाबाट आयो त्यो थाहा भएन । ० नेताहरुको सुरक्षामा रहेका जनसेनालाई फिर्ता पठाएर दोहोरो सुरक्षा प्रणाली अन्त्य गर्ने सन्र्दभमा पनि पार्टीभित्र व्यापक मतभेद छ भनिन्छ नि ? सुरक्षा प्रणाली कस्तो बनाउने भन्ने विषयमा पार्टीमा विवाद छैन । तर जनमुक्ति सेनासाग रहेका हतियारहरु राज्यको मातहतमा पुर्याउने भन्ने हल्ला आइरहेको छ । त्यो विषयको वास्तविकता के हो भन्ने विषयमा हामीले पार्टीभित्र व्यापक, छलफल हुनुपर्यो भन्ने माग गरेका छौ । विस्तृत सम्झौतामा उल्लेख नै नभएको जनमुक्ति सेनालाई निशस्तिकरण गर्ने कुरा कहाबाट आयो भन्ने कुरामा पार्टीभित्र छलफलको आवश्यकता छ । त्यो विषयमा पार्टीभित्र कुरा उठेको हो, अन्य कुरा केही होइन । ० यस्तो गम्भीर विषयमा पार्टीभित्र एकमत नभएर बहुमतको आधारमा निर्णय गर्दा पार्टी भित्रको अन्तरविरोध झनै चर्कने त होइन ? एउटा जीवन्त पार्टीभित्र बहस, छलफल र अन्तरक्रिया निरन्तर चलिरहन्छ । पार्टीभित्र छलफल चल्नु नौलो कुरा होइन त्यो छलफल पार्टीभित्र पहिल्यै देखि चल्दै आएको छ । यो निरन्तर रुपमा चलि नै रहन्छ । मृत्युतुल्य पार्टी भएको भए जीवन्त छलफल चल्दैनथ्यो । जीवन्त पार्टी भएकै हुनाले हाम्रो पार्टीभित्र छलफल, अन्तरक्रियाहरु चलेका हुन् । यसलाई अन्य रुपमा बुझ्न आवश्यक छैन । ० काग्रेसले माओवादी पार्टीलाई दाह्रा र नङ्ग्रा नभएको बाघजस्तो बनाउने उद्घोष गरेको थियो, माओवादी अहिले निरीह भएर त्यसै दिशातर्फ लागेको देखिन्छ नि ? माओवादी पार्टी भनेको वैज्ञानिक र विचार बोकेको पार्टी हो, कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी भनेको सर्वहारावर्गीय पार्टी हो । बिचार नै कम्युनिष्ट पार्टीको मुख्य अस्त्र हो । क्रान्तिकारी विचार नै कम्युनिष्ट पार्टीको मूल आधार हो । त्यसकारण जंगली जनावरको दाह्रा, नङ्ग्राको विषयमा कााग्रेसले कुन प्रसंगमा भन्न खोजेको हो त्यो हामीलाई थाहा भएन । ० तीन दलबीच राष्ट्रिय सहमतिको सरकार गठन गर्ने भन्ने सहमति भएको छ, सरकारको नेतृत्व गर्ने सन्दर्भमा पार्टीले के सोचिरहेको छ ? अहिले झलनाथ खनाल नेतृत्वको सरकारले काम गरिरहेको छ । यसको विकल्पमा अर्को सरकार गठन हुने भन्ने विषय मै सहमति भएको छैन । विकल्प तयार गर्ने भन्ने विषयमा दलहरुबीच सहमति भएपछि मात्र झलनाथले राजीनामा दिनु होला । उहाको राजीनामा आएपछिमात्र कसले नेतृत्व गर्ने भन्ने विषयमा टुङ्गो लाग्ला । अहिले कसले नेतृत्व गर्ने भन्ने कुरा उठाउनु युक्तिसंगत हुादैन । सहमतिको सरकार गठन गर्ने विषयमा सहमति जुरेपछि मात्र त्यसको नेतृत्व कसले गर्ने भन्ने कुरा मान्यताको आधारमा सरकार बनाउने भन्ने विषयमा सहमति नजुटि सहमतिको राष्ट्रिय सरकार गठन हुने कुरा भएन । त्यसो नभएसम्म झलनाथले राजीनामा दिने कुरै हुादैन । अहिले सहमित नै नबनी प्रधानमन्त्रीले राजीनामा दिादा मुलुकमा रिक्ततताको अवस्था आउाछ । यसले अराजकता निम्तिन सक्छ । ० तपाईंहरुको पार्टीले सरकारमा चालिस प्रतिशत महिलाको सहभागिता गराउने भनेर निर्णय गरिसकेको सन्दर्भमा सपथ लिन बाकी मन्त्रीहरु यो सरकारमा सहभागी हुनुहुन्छ कि हुनुहुन्न ? पार्टीले धेरै पहिले देखि र पछिल्लो केन्

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    "Gotfdf /FHGLLT Ug Ef/Tlo U) DKNFG C KMN: D) NFSF) Ejo Tof/L RF) Yf) /fli6 O Ko (6G

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    समायोजन गर्ने भनेको जनसेनालाई पनि राज्यको एक अंग बनाउने भनेको हो देव गुरुङ, स्थायी समिति सदस्य एनेकपा माओवादी ० तीन दलका शीर्षस्थ नेताहरुबीच भएको पाच बुादे सहमति कार्यान्वयनको दिशामा के भइरहेको छ, प्रष्ट पारिदिनुस न ? मुख्य दलका नेताहरुबीच भएको पाच बुादे सहमतिका विषयमा छलफल अन्तरक्रिया गर्दै अगाडि बढ्ने काम भइरहेको छ । यस विषयमा दलहरुले आवश्यकता अनुसार कुराकानी छलफल गरेर अगाडि बढ्न जरुरी छ। ० अहिले प्रमुख प्रतिपक्ष दल नेपाली काग्रेसले सेना समायोजनको विषयलाई जोडतोडले उठाएको छ, सेना समायोजन गर्दा कति संख्यामा जनमुक्ति सेना समायोजन गर्ने भन्ने विषयमा टुङ्गो लागि सकेको हो ? कति संख्यामा जनमुक्ति सेना नेपाली सेनामा समायोजन गर्ने भन्ने सन्देशमा केही टुङ्गो लागेको छैन । पार्टीभित्र यो विषयमा गम्भीर ढंगले छलफल भइरहेको छ । विषय, प्रसंग र सन्दर्भ अनुसार छलफल चल्दा कस्तो निचोड आउछ त्यही अनुसार अगाडि बढ्ने कुरा हुन्छ । सेना समायोजनको विषयमा व्यापक छलफल हुादा के निचोड आउाछ त्यसकै आधारमा हामी अगाडि बढ्छौ । ० सेना समायोजन र हतियार राज्यलाई बुझाउने सन्दर्भमा पार्टी भित्रै व्यापक अन्तरविरोध छ भन्ने प्रचारमा आइरहेको छ नि, वास्तविकता के हो ? हतियार राज्यलाई बुझाउने विषयमा के कुरा भएको छ यो त हामीलाई थाहा भएन तर विस्तृत शान्ति सम्झौतामा हतियार बुझाउने कुरा कतै उल्लेख गरिएको छैन । जनसेनालाई निशस्तिकरण गर्ने भन्ने पनि सम्झौतामा उल्लेख गरिएको छैन । शान्ति सम्झौतामा स्पष्ट रुपमा सेना समायोजन गर्ने भनिएको छ । समायोजन गर्ने भनेको जनसेनालाई पनि राज्यको एक अंक बनाउने हो । राज्यको अङ्ग बनाउने ठाउामा निशस्त्रिकरण गर्ने भन्ने कुरा कहाबाट आयो त्यो थाहा भएन । ० नेताहरुको सुरक्षामा रहेका जनसेनालाई फिर्ता पठाएर दोहोरो सुरक्षा प्रणाली अन्त्य गर्ने सन्र्दभमा पनि पार्टीभित्र व्यापक मतभेद छ भनिन्छ नि ? सुरक्षा प्रणाली कस्तो बनाउने भन्ने विषयमा पार्टीमा विवाद छैन । तर जनमुक्ति सेनासाग रहेका हतियारहरु राज्यको मातहतमा पुर्याउने भन्ने हल्ला आइरहेको छ । त्यो विषयको वास्तविकता के हो भन्ने विषयमा हामीले पार्टीभित्र व्यापक, छलफल हुनुपर्यो भन्ने माग गरेका छौ । विस्तृत सम्झौतामा उल्लेख नै नभएको जनमुक्ति सेनालाई निशस्तिकरण गर्ने कुरा कहाबाट आयो भन्ने कुरामा पार्टीभित्र छलफलको आवश्यकता छ । त्यो विषयमा पार्टीभित्र कुरा उठेको हो, अन्य कुरा केही होइन । ० यस्तो गम्भीर विषयमा पार्टीभित्र एकमत नभएर बहुमतको आधारमा निर्णय गर्दा पार्टी भित्रको अन्तरविरोध झनै चर्कने त होइन ? एउटा जीवन्त पार्टीभित्र बहस, छलफल र अन्तरक्रिया निरन्तर चलिरहन्छ । पार्टीभित्र छलफल चल्नु नौलो कुरा होइन त्यो छलफल पार्टीभित्र पहिल्यै देखि चल्दै आएको छ । यो निरन्तर रुपमा चलि नै रहन्छ । मृत्युतुल्य पार्टी भएको भए जीवन्त छलफल चल्दैनथ्यो । जीवन्त पार्टी भएकै हुनाले हाम्रो पार्टीभित्र छलफल, अन्तरक्रियाहरु चलेका हुन् । यसलाई अन्य रुपमा बुझ्न आवश्यक छैन । ० काग्रेसले माओवादी पार्टीलाई दाह्रा र नङ्ग्रा नभएको बाघजस्तो बनाउने उद्घोष गरेको थियो, माओवादी अहिले निरीह भएर त्यसै दिशातर्फ लागेको देखिन्छ नि ? माओवादी पार्टी भनेको वैज्ञानिक र विचार बोकेको पार्टी हो, कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी भनेको सर्वहारावर्गीय पार्टी हो । बिचार नै कम्युनिष्ट पार्टीको मुख्य अस्त्र हो । क्रान्तिकारी विचार नै कम्युनिष्ट पार्टीको मूल आधार हो । त्यसकारण जंगली जनावरको दाह्रा, नङ्ग्राको विषयमा कााग्रेसले कुन प्रसंगमा भन्न खोजेको हो त्यो हामीलाई थाहा भएन । ० तीन दलबीच राष्ट्रिय सहमतिको सरकार गठन गर्ने भन्ने सहमति भएको छ, सरकारको नेतृत्व गर्ने सन्दर्भमा पार्टीले के सोचिरहेको छ ? अहिले झलनाथ खनाल नेतृत्वको सरकारले काम गरिरहेको छ । यसको विकल्पमा अर्को सरकार गठन हुने भन्ने विषय मै सहमति भएको छैन । विकल्प तयार गर्ने भन्ने विषयमा दलहरुबीच सहमति भएपछि मात्र झलनाथले राजीनामा दिनु होला । उहाको राजीनामा आएपछिमात्र कसले नेतृत्व गर्ने भन्ने विषयमा टुङ्गो लाग्ला । अहिले कसले नेतृत्व गर्ने भन्ने कुरा उठाउनु युक्तिसंगत हुादैन । सहमतिको सरकार गठन गर्ने विषयमा सहमति जुरेपछि मात्र त्यसको नेतृत्व कसले गर्ने भन्ने कुरा मान्यताको आधारमा सरकार बनाउने भन्ने विषयमा सहमति नजुटि सहमतिको राष्ट्रिय सरकार गठन हुने कुरा भएन । त्यसो नभएसम्म झलनाथले राजीनामा दिने कुरै हुादैन । अहिले सहमित नै नबनी प्रधानमन्त्रीले राजीनामा दिादा मुलुकमा रिक्ततताको अवस्था आउाछ । यसले अराजकता निम्तिन सक्छ । ० तपाईंहरुको पार्टीले सरकारमा चालिस प्रतिशत महिलाको सहभागिता गराउने भनेर निर्णय गरिसकेको सन्दर्भमा सपथ लिन बाकी मन्त्रीहरु यो सरकारमा सहभागी हुनुहुन्छ कि हुनुहुन्न ? पार्टीले धेरै पहिले देखि र पछिल्लो केन्

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    ;+rfnsx¿nfO{ kqmfp ug{ k|x/LnfO{ dx]zk|;fb l/hfn, /d]z tfdfª . dlxgfleq zflGtk|lqmof k'/f ug{ / /fdrGb| g} kf6L{sf] c8fglj?4 k'/f ug{ klxnf] r/0fdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] hg;]gfsf] OR5f a'‰g #)÷#) hgf
    va/ ul/;s]sf] 5 . of] nx/f]df cGo uf]vf{ ljsf; a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx¿ cf}krfl/s ;xdltdf Dofb yKg tof/ plePkl5 xfdLn] cfˆgf] Dofb tLg dlxgf yKg] / To;kl5 lj1sf] rf/ ;d"x tTsfn lzlj/df
    a}s+ tyf lalQo ;+:yfsf ;+rfnsx¿ /fh]Gb|bf; >]i7, lbks /fgf du/ . eof] . cflv/ lsg kl5 x6\of] t c8fgx¿nfO{ 5f8\gk' ¥of] .Ú ;|ft] sf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf nflu cfZjos kg{ k7fpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . ;'/Iff
    klg tflgg] /fi6« j}s + ;Da4 ;|ft] sf] · uf]vf{ ljsf; a}s + sf C0fL / cGodf sf+u|]; < Dofb gyKg lab]zLx¿af6 cg';f/ 5nkmnsf qmddf b]pjf, ;do to u/L a9Ldf tLg dlxgf lgsfodf ;dfof]hg x'g rfxg],
    bfjL 5 . ;j{ ; fwf/0fsf] /sd k|jL0f gf}nfvf, /fs]zs'df/ c8'lsof, ;d]t /fd|} bafa v]lk/x]sf] sf+u|]; /fdrGb| / /fdz/0fn] sf]O/fnf / k'gM Dofb yKg] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . ;dfhdf k'gM :yfkgf x'g rfxg] /
    lxgfldgf u/]sf] / lgod ljk/Lt sfd ;+lhj cu|jfn, hLjg l3ld/], ?rL g]tT[ jn] ;+lawfg;efk|lt bfloTjaf]w l;6f}nfn] ;+ljwfg;ef eË ug{vf]hs ] f] sf+u|]; g]tfx¿n] …kf6L{sf] cfGtl/s :j] l R5s cjsfz rfxg] tLg
    u/]sf] eGb} /fi6« a}s
    + n] b'O{ bh{g eGbf hfhf]l8of, k'gd v]tfg . g]kfn z]o/ u/]sf] xf] jf cfˆgf dfu k'/f u/fpg cf/f]k g} nufPsf lyP . l;6f}nf ljjfbsf sf/0f xfdL hfnem]nsf] ;d"xdf hg;]gfsf] jlus/0f u/L
    a9LnfO{ kqmfp u/L sfjf{xL ug{ dfs{6;\ P08 kmfO{gfG;df of]uG] b|k;
    | fb g;s]sf] xf] < tLg bnsf] a}7sdf klg …;Qf / eQfÚsf nflu kf6L{ b:tfj]h :jLsf/ ug{jfWo ePsf / cnu–cnu SofDkdf /flvg] 5 .
    k|x/L;Fu cg'/f]w u/]sf] em08} b'O{ xKtf >]i7, uLtf >]i7, ;f}/e >]i7 . · ;efklt ;'zLn sf]O/fnf / dxfdGqL c8fg lj?4 plePsf] eGb} b]pjf / …sfof{Gjog x'g] cfz+sf hgfPsf dfcf]jfbLn] bf]xf]/f] ;'/Iff x6fpg]
    eof] . k|x/Ln] clxn];Dd uf]vf{ ljsf; ;Demgf kmfO{gfG;sf Zofdaxfb'/ >]i7, s[i0fk|;fb l;6f}nfn] n8fs"sf] xltof/ kf}8]nla?4 vlgP . 5g\ .Ú h]7 !% sf] laxfg s]xL sf+u; ]| u/] s f] lg0f{ o nfO{ :jfut ub} {
    a}+ssf e"k" ;+rfns 8LaL aDhg · -afF s L & k] h df_ /fHonfO{ x:tfGt/0f geP;Dd s'g} dfcf] j fbL cWoIf k| r 08n] -afF s L & k] h df_ -afF s L & k] h df_

    rf}yf} /fli6«o ko{6g ;/sf/sf] l/; ;+ljwfg;efdfly


    tyf gful/s p•og dGqL v8\uaxfb'/ b]zsf] ko{6sLo uGtJox¿ / ;f];uF ut !$ h] 7 sf] dWo/ftdf ;/sf/sf] lgdf{0f u¥of] / ;/sf/n] 6'lËO;s]sf] t 5}g . ;Defjgf ;lsof]
    d]nfsf] ljZjsdf{n] ug]{ atfOPsf] 5 . h]7 @&
    b]lv @( ut];Dd tLg lbg rNg] d]nfdf
    ljleGg hfthflt, wd{, ;+:s[lt,
    ko{6sLo:yn tyf uGtJosf] j[Qlrq
    ;DalGwt a[ x t\ hfgsf/L lng
    cfof]hsn] ;Dk"0f{ ko{6g Joj;foL, To;
    If]q;Fu ;DalGwt JolQmx¿ / ;Dk"0f{
    ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;d]t cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .
    cGttM ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg]
    lg0f{o eof] . t/, Dofb yksf] k|lqmof
    x]bf{ o:tf] nfU5, dfgf}F ;+ljwfg;efsf
    ax' d t k| f Kt ul//xg] ;Defjgf
    a9\of] . o;af6 k|:6 x'G5, ;/sf/sf]
    l/; ;+ l jwfg;efdfly kf] l vof] .
    eg] bnx¿n] 3f]if0ff ug'{k¥of] lg Û
    ca ;xdltsf] s'g} ;Defjgf 5}g
    eg]/ .
    ;b:ox¿ s/f/sf hflu/] x'g\ . clxn] g]kfnLdf pvfg 5 lg …nf]Ug]sf] l/; w]/} g]tfx¿ ;/sf/df ¥ofn sf8]/

    e J o If]Kof:q ax;
    To; cj;/df b]vfOg] cfof]hsn] atfPsf]
    5 . e[s6' Ld08kl:yt k|bz{gL:yndf
    cfof]hgf ug{ nfluPsf] pQm d]nfdf
    k|jz] sf] nflu s'g} z'Ns gnfUg];d]t
    @& ut] laxfg !! ah]bl] v lbpF;f] !
    ah];Dd cfdlGqt tyf Joj;foLsf]
    nflu dfq v'Nnf ul/g] pQm d]nf
    To;kl5 eg] ;j{;fwf/0fsf] nflu v'Nnf
    ylkPsf] tLg dlxgfsf] sfd x]//] csf]{ efF 8 fs' F 8 fdflyÚ . tLg dlxgfdf al;/fv] s f 5g\ . ;a} n ] /fli6« o
    ;xdltsf] s' / f cnfk] s f 5g\ .
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    e§/fO{ n ] sfF u | ] ; ;lxtsf] /fli6« o

    tof/L
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    cfof]hsn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .
    g]kfn ko{6g af]8s { f] cfof]hgfdf
    x'g nfu]sf] pQm ko{6sLo d]nfsf] e|d0f
    u/L cfˆgf] b]zsf] ko{6sLo uGtJo /
    ul/g] cfof]hsn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .
    e]nfdf g]kfnL vfglkg / u|fdL0f
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    pkxf/sf] klg Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
    lji0f' kGt
    tLg dlxgf yKg] jf gyKg] lg0f{o ug]{
    /] Û of] s] ;+ljwfg;efk|ltsf] r/d\
    ;+ljwfg aGg ;Sb}g eGg} s'/fdf ;a}
    ;xdt x'g] t/ Dofb eg] tLg dlxgf
    ;xdltsf] ;/sf/sf] gf/f p/fn]sf]
    w]/} eof] . emngfy vgfnn] sfFu;
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    ]| /

    ;xdltsf] s'/f u/]/} k|wfgdGqL ag] .


    ;f];uF ;DalGwt ljifodf a[xt\ hfgsf/L ;/sf/n] ;g\ @)!! nfO{ ko{6g jif{ cljZjf; xf]Og , s] of] ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfq yKg], of] s:tf] lg0f{o , of] To;eGbf klxn] dfwj g]kfnn] klg
    ;kmn kfg{ yk ;xof]u k'Ug] u/L cfof]hgf lng af]8n { ] ;Dk"0f{df cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . 3f]if0ff u/L b; nfv ko{6s leq\ofpg] ckdfg xf]Og , cem} Ps dlxgf, $% lglZrt 5 ls of] ;+ljwfg;efn] zflGt s'/f /fli6«o ;xdlts} u/] . of] a'hj{' f
    ug{ nfluPsf] rf}yf} /fli6«o ko{6g d]nf g]kfnsf] cfly{s ljsf;df d]?b08 of]hgf cufl8 ;f/]sf] ;Gbe{df of] d]nf lbg] afu]{lgª x'Fb} aNntNn tLg / ;+ l jwfg lbg ;Sb} g eg] ;+;bLo k/Dk/fsf] Pp6f 9f]u+ g} x'G5,
    @)^* sf] ;Dk"0f{ tof/L k"/f ePsf] 5 . dflgPsf] ko{6g Jofj;fonfO{ cem ;an dxTjk"0f{ x'g] ko{6g Joj;foLx¿n] dlxgfdf ;xdlt eof] . ls:tfaGbLdf Dofb ylk/xg'sf] s'g} s'/f k|hftGqsf] ug]{, ;xdltsf] ug]{,
    g]kfndf ko{6sLo uGtJosf] klxrfg / ;Ifd agfpg of] d]nfn] ljz]; of]ubfg atfPsf 5g\ . rf}yf} /fli6«o ko{6g ;+ljwfg;efsf] pkxf; o; sf/0f cy{ 5}g . t/, ;Defjgf k"/} ;lsPsf] hgtfsf] ug]{ t/ sfd eg] 7Ls pN6f]
    u/fpg] / cfGtl/s ko{6gsf] k|a4{g ug]{ lbg] To; If]q;+u ;DaGwLt Joltmx¿n] d]nf @)^* sf] d'Vo p2]Zo ko{6sLo ul/of] ls ;+;b\sf] ax'dtn] emngfy klg t 5} g . cem} klg bnsf ug]{ . To;sf/0f eGg} kg]{ xf] ls
    d'Vo p2]Zosf ;fy cfof]hgf ug{ atfPsf 5g\ . d]nfsf] e|d0f u/L cfˆgf] uGtJosf] klxrfg u/fpg], xf]d:6] vgfn g]t[Tjdf dfcf]jfbL;lxtsf] g] t fx¿sf] a' l 4 lkmg] { ;do -afF s L & k] h df_
    nfluPsf] pQm d]nfsf] pb\3f6g ko{6g ko{6gsf] k|a4{g ug],{ ko{6gaf6 u|fdL0f
    /fatOfc @@ 7h
    ] vfzj} nf; *^)@ 2

    ˆ
    ltdL ltd|f] tl/sfn] n8, xfdL xfd|f] tl/sfn] n8\5f}
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    /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ alnof] x'g'
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    h'g ultlalw eP oL ultlalwx¿n]
    /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ 6'qmLO/xbf h;n] ;d]t oxL s'/f elg/x]sf 5g\ . o:tf]
    h;/L cy{ nufP klg nf]stGq alnof] g]qk|;fb sfk\mn] x'g'sf] d'Vo sf/0f eg]sf] g]kfnsf]
    x'g ;Sb}g . kf6L{ 6'qm\ofP/ k'?;fy{jfbL gAa] 8Lu|Lsf] sf]0fdf kl/jt{g ePsf dfgl;stf k/Ljt{g x'g ;Sb}g . kl/jt{ g tyf g] k fnL hgtf
    aGg]x¿ nf]stGqjfbL xf]Ogg\ lt t b[i6fGtx¿, /fhgLlts ltyf{6g ug{ k'hLafb tyf ;fdGtafbsf] /fhgLlt clwsf/;DkGg ePsf] s'/f ef/tsf]
    s]jn 9f]u+ Lx¿ x'g\ . gLlt, l;4fGt tyf xKt} lkR5] lbNnLsf] bz{ g df u/]/ s]z k'nfPsfx¿n] ;jf{xf/f rfxfgf eGbf aflx/sf] s'/f xf] .
    bz{gd} ladtL x'bf kf6L{ k'm6\gn' fO{ ;d]t lg:sLO/xg] tyf lbNnLs} lgb]z { g tyf au{sf] xs, clwsf/ :yflkt xf]; eGg] jf/Daf/ b]lvFb} cfPsf] klg oxL xf] .
    Ps xb ;Dd 7Ls} eGg ;lsG5 t/ of]hgfdf /fHola?4 xTof, lx+;sf] rfxfG5g\, ltgLx¿n] ;jf{xf/f au{kl| t la:tf/afb rfxFbg} g]kfn wd{lg/k]If
    jif{ $, c+s #)
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    @)^** /0fgLlts ¿kdf kf6L{df s'g} c;xdtL >[v+ nf rnfO{/x]sf cft+ssf/Lx¿ ;+u OdfGbf/ x'G5g\ tyf hgtfsf] /ut;Fu agf];, la:tf/afb rfxFb}g g]kfn
    gx'bf gx'b,} gLlt, l;4fGt tyf bz{gdf ;d] t e] 6 3f6 tyf ;fF 7 ufF 7 x¿ ;f6]/ NofPsf] kl/jt{g ;+:yfut ug{ /fHosf] cu|ufdL k'g{;+/rgf u/L
    ;DkfbsLo s'g} dte]b gx'bf gx'b} klg 6'qmLg],
    rf]O6Lg] tyf IfoLs/0f x'g] k/Lkf6LnfO{
    ul//x]sf] k/Lk|I] fdf clxn]sf] kmf]/dsf] rfxfG5g\ eGg] ;f]rfO ;d]t unt ;+ 3 Lotfdf hfcf] ; , la:tf/afb
    rfxFbg} g]kfnsf] zflGt k|so[ f ;fy{s
    laefhgnfO{ ;d]t lbNnLsf] 7'nf] 5 . Tof] ;f]rfO tyf e|daf6 dw]zL
    cd" t { ;xdlt s'g} klg cy{df zxL dfGg ;sLb}g .
    o;/L ;L;f k'm6] em} k'm6]sf tyf
    s;/tsf] pTkfbg xf] eGbf
    lxRsLrfpg' kb}g{ . gfu/Lstf g]kfnsf]
    hg;d' b fo tTsfn dfly p7\ g
    cfj:os 5 . rfx]/ klg ltgLx¿
    lg:s;{df k'uf]; / g]kfnn] cfly{s
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    a8f] d'l:snn] nfdf] 5nkmnaf6 b]zsf d'Vo /fhgLlts 6'qmLPsf kf6L{x¿n] xfdL cfly{s lnP klg dw]zL g]tT[ j g]kfnsf] x'g cfk\mgf] au{ la?Wb hfg ;Sb}gg\ . la:tf/afb rfxFb}g g]kfnL hgtf
    bnx¿ hgtfsf] gf;f] ;+lawfg;efsf] k|f0f arfpg ;xdt k|nf]egdf k/]/ kf6L{ k'm6fPsf xf]Ogf}, ;s]sf] 5}g eGg] egfOnfO{ oLgLx¿ dw]zL, bnLt, kL58f au{ tyf clwsf/;DkGg ePsf] gofF cu|ufdL
    xfdL lardf k};fsf] rnv]n ePsf] cfkm} k|df0fLt ub}{ uO/x]sf 5g\ . ;d'bfosf] ;xof]u tyf ;fxfg'e'lt ;+lawfg agf]; / hgtf ;fj{ef}d
    eP . gofF ;xdltcg';f/ ;+lawfg;efsf] Dofb klxnf] r/0fsf 5}g eg]/ nfvf} rf]6L eg] klg To;df ;f]emf] cy{df dw]zsf] /fhgLlt tyf a]u/ rNg ;lsb}g, cfk\mgf] cl:yTj ag'g\, lsgls g]kfndf x'g] x/]s
    nflu # dlxgf / To;kl5 sfo{ku| ltsf cfwf/df csf{ tLg laZjf; ug]{ s'g} cfwf/ /xb}g . o;/L dw]zL g]t[Tj dw]z tyf dw]zL /xF b } g eGg] a' e m] s } sf/0f kl/jt{gsf] c;/ la:tf/afbdf ;d]t
    dlxgf yKg] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . a]nf 3ls{Pkl5 g} ;xL, bnx¿sf] kf6L{x¿ 6'qmLg'sf d'Vo b'O{ sf/0f hgtfnfO{ dfq geO b]zs} ;d:ofsf] pw|qmflGtsf/L gf/f pRrf/0f ug'{ k5{ / obL la:tf/jfbL zf;ssf
    of] lg0f{on] hgtfsf] dgdf ;Gtf]if yk]sf] 5 . t/, Dofb yk;Fu} b]lvG5g lt dWo klxnf] eg]sf] cfly{s d'Vo sf/s tTj alg/x]sf] 5 . pgLx¿sf] afWotf xf] . cGoyf ;du| la?Wb ToxfFsf hgtf hfu] eg]
    g]kfnL hgtfsf] cg'xf/df lrGtfsf /]vfx¿ b]lvg yfn]sf rnv]n g} xf] eg] bf]>f] eg]sf] /fli6«otfsf] ;jfndf slxNo} s'g} dw]z Ps k|bz ] h:tf] 3fts gf/f la:tf/jfbL zf;ssf] a|Dxn'6sf] ;d]t
    /fhgLlts kf6L{ x ¿ b] z tyf cfjfh g} gp7fpg], la:tf/jfbL p/fNg]x¿ ;+3Lotf la/f]wL s+u; ]| ;+u cGTo x'G5 . o;sf] csf]{ sf/0f eg]sf]
    5g\ . lgs} l9nf ePsf] ;f] ;xdltdf pNn]v ePsf % j6f hgtfk|lt pbf;Lg tyf s'g} cd's cltqmd0f tyf cTofrf/sf] la/f]w unf ldnfpg hfb}gy] . Aofjfxf/df g]kfndf cl:y/tf tyf c/fhstf
    a'bF fx¿ cd"tv { fnsf 5g h;n] ubf{ ltgnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ zQmL k| l t pQ/bfoL aGg' xf] . ug'{sf] abnf la:tf/jfbL :jfy{ tyf oyfl:yltdf /xFb} k|ltudgsf] ofqf gx' b f la:tf/afbn] g] k fndf
    r'gf}tL bnx¿;fd' /xg] 5 . To:t} ;dfof]hg x'g] ;]gfsf] ;+Vof ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg kl5 b]zsf] ltgsf x/]s ck/fwdf dltof/ ag]/ to ug]{ tyf d'vdf sfo{Gjog x'g} cltqmd0f, cfqmd0f tyf gfF u f]
    tyf pgLx¿sf] txsf] klg 6'u+ f] nufOPsf] 5}g . g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ rf}yf] 7'nf] /fhgLlts kf6L{ aGg ;kmn kl/rflnt x'g], /fi6« tyf /fi6«Lotf g;Sg] pw| q mfGtLsf/L tyf x:tIf]k ug{ kfpFbg} , g]kfndf zflGt,
    ;dfj]zL agfpg] tyf dw];L;Fusf ;xdlt sfof{Gjog ug{] dw]zL hgclwsf/ kmf]/d rf/ 6'qmf la?Wbsf rsf{ gf/f Aofks ¿kdf lav08gsf/L gf/f p/fNg] dw]zL ;+ l awfg tyf cu| u dgsf]
    x'gs' f] d'Vo sf/0f ;d]t oxL g} xf] . p7fpg], s'g} /fhgLlts kf6L{ tyf g]t[Tjsf] sfo{;}nL dw]zL d'QmLsfdL ;'lglZrttf x'g] laQLs} s]xL g]kfnL
    laifo klg cd"tv { fnsf] 5 . /, ;a}eGbf a9L ;d:of b]lvPsf] dw]zjfbL /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ b]z zQmLn] la:tf/jfbL cTofrf/ tyf tyf k/Ljt{gsfdL hgtf la?Wbsf] x/fdL tyf a]Odfgx¿nfO{ v]nfpFb}
    5 jt{dfg k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf / gofF /fli6«o ;xdltsf] tyf hgtfk|lt xf]Og sL dw]z tyf x:tIf]ksf] la/f]w ubf{ ef/tn] eGbf 7'nf] uWbf/L xf] eGg] ;d]t k|:6 5 . cfk\ m gf] :jfy{ k' / f ub} { u/] s f]
    ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ jaf/] 5 . dw]zL hgtfk|lt ;d]t OdfGbf/ tyf kxLnf lt /fi6«jfbL zQmLx¿nfO{ ha;Dd oLgLx¿n] cfk\mgf] jf:tljs la:tf/jfbL s's[To tyf ltgsf]
    bnx¿df OR5fzlSt eof] eg] tLg dlxgfleq ;] g f k|ltaWb 5}gg eGg] ;a} eGbf alnof] ef/tla/f]wL utLaLwL u/]sf] cf/f]k ¿k dw]zL hgtfnfO{ b]vfpFb}gg\ dxTjsf+Iffdf ;d]t a|s ] nfU5 . oLg}
    ;dfof]hgsf] k|so[ f ;Sg tyf ;+lawfgsf] k|f/lDes d:of}bf k|df0f oxL xf] . /fhgLlts ¿kdf nufpg], d'vn] eGbf :jLsf/ gug]{ ta;Dd oLgLx¿ c¿ gf+uLb} lgj:q sf/0fx¿n] ubf{ la:tf/afb g]kfndf
    cBf]utLsf] ofqf to u/]sf oL zQmLx¿ t/ cfTdn] g]kfn Ps ;fj{ef}d;Qf x'g] / cGtt dw]zaf6 ;d]t a9f/Lg] zflGt tyf ;+ljwfgsf] nIo k'/f x'g
    ;fj{hlgs ug{;S5g\ . k|flalws lx;fjn] klg Tof] ;Dej 5 . Pp6f If]qsf] tyf Pp6f hfltsf] ;DkGg :jtGq /fi6« xf] eGg] tYonfO{ s'/fdf b'Odt 5}g . dw]zafbsf] glbg, kl/jt{g ;+:yfut x'g glbg,
    ;+lawfgsf laaflbt laifonfO{ yftL /fv]/ PsLs[t d:of}bf ;jfndf ;d]t Ps x'g ;Sb}gg\, ;dfg ;d]t gdfGg] ugf{ n ] dw] z LjfbL jsfnt ub}{ dw]zdf /fhgLlt ug]x{ ¿ g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ clwsf/;DkGg x'g
    ;fj{hlgs ug{klg bnx¿nfO{ s]xL ufx|f] b]lvGg . wf/0ff tyf plrt nIo lgwf{/0f ug{ /fhgLlts kf6L{ tyf To;sf] g]t[Tj g} jf:tjdf dw]zsf P]h]? x'g\ . glbg, dw]zjfbsf] vf]n cf]9]/ nfuL
    bnx¿aLr ePsf] kl5Nnf] % a'bF ] ;xdltdf /x]sf] k|wfgdGqLn] ;Sb}gg a? lgxLt :jfy{sf] lgDtL k|lt laZjf; ug]{ s'g} 7fpF 5}g . oLgLx¿sf x/]s ultljlwn] dw]zL k/] s f] 5 . cGoyf dw] z jfbL
    clanDa /fhLgfdf lbO{ /fli6«o ;xdltsf nflu dfu{k; | :t ug{ af/Daf/ v08Ls/0f eO/xG5g\ eg] g] k fnL tyf lab] z L 5' 6 \ o fpg] hg;d'bfonfO{ oxL s'/fsf] hfgsf/L /fhgLlts kf6L{ tyf ltgsf] g]tT[ j
    pNn]v 5 . vf;u/L k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf / ;/sf/ u7gsf dw]zL hgtfn] oLgLx¿ af6 s'g} cleofgsf] la/f]w ug'{, aflx/af6 u/fO/x]sf 5g\ . jf:tjdf dw]zjfbL ;]gf;dfof]hg ;xLt zflGtk|s[ofsf]
    s'/fsf] cf;f ug's { f] cy{ /xb}g . ha cfPsf tyf gjg] k fnL aGg /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ dw]z, dw]zsf ;fy{s lg:s;{, hgtfsf clwsf/
    laifodf x'g] lsrnf]sf sf/0f km]l/ klg ylkPsf] ;do v]/ hfg] ha /fi6«Lo /fhgLltdf dw]z lg0f{os vf]Hg]x¿nfO{ /fHon] gfu/Lstf glbFbf cfj:ostf tyf lt cfj:ostf :yflkt ub} { tyf k| f Kt
    ;Defjgf a9\bf] 5 . /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ug{ tLg zQmLdf x'G5 ta ta lt kf6L{x¿df To;sf] la/f]w ug]{, kmf]6f] ;lxtsf] ;Daf]wg ug]{, dw]zL hgtfnfO{ pknAwLx¿nfO{ ;+ : yfut ub} {
    bn ;xdt ePklg tTsfn} /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ aGg] laefhgsf] /]vf sf]l/G5 . /fi6«sf] dtbftf k/Lrokq agfpg] /fHosf] clwsf/ ;DkGg, ;jn tyf ;Ifd ;+ljwfgsf] ¿k tof/ u/]/ cufl8
    ;Defjgf b]lvGg ha;Dd bnx¿n] cfkm}n] g]tT[ j kfpg'kg]{ eljZosf] b'/ufdL s'g} lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{ cleofgsf] la/f]w ug'{, ef/tLo agfpg] s'/fdf s'g} bLnr:jL g} lbPsf a9\g] dfxfg sfo{df tuf/f] aGg]
    nf]e TofUg ;Sb}gg\ . /fli6«o ;xdltsf nflu jftfj/0f agfpg] cj:yf b]vL s'g} ;/sf/df ;xefuL :jfy{ d f wSsf nfUg] cj:yf 5}gg\, ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg kl5 lyPgg\ . ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg'
    x'g] jf gx'g,] cyjf s;sf] g]tT[ jdf cfpgf;fy of] jf Tof] ¿kdf dw]zjfbL oLgLx¿sf] Psdfq sfd eg]sf] xFb' g} eGb} ljleGg ;t{ /fVg' tyf
    xf] eg] g]kfnL sf+u; ]| / dw];jfbL bn / Pdfn]n] dfcf]jfbL ;xefuL x'g] eGg] lajfbd} oL kf6L{x¿ kf6L{df laefhgsf wfFhf kmf6\g'n] la:tf/jfbL :jfy{ /Iff ug'{ dfq} ePsf] av]8f lemSg'n] oLgLx¿sf] rl/q c¿
    g]tT[ jdf gofF ;/sf/ u7g ug{ ;xdlt hgfpg'k5{ . t/, clxn] 6'qmLO/x]sf 5g\, o;sf] cy{ eg]sf] ;du| dw]zjfbL /fhgLlts kf6L{ tyf 5 . la:tf/afbsf] cfb]zdf ;/sf/ pbfFuf] agfPsf] 5, ePsf] Ps dfq
    g} dfcf]jfbL Ot/sf bnx¿ Tof] dfGg] kIfdf b]lvGg . dw]zL hgtfn] ca oLgLx¿af6 s'g} ltgsf] g]t[Tjn] cfk\mgf] x}l;ot tyf agfpg] ePsf] ;/sf/ 9nfpg] , a}wflgs ;+:yf ;+ljwf;efnfO{ ;d]t
    ;+lawfg;efsf] klxnf] bn ePsf lx;fjn] klg ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j vfnsf] k/Ljt{gsf] cf;f ug'{ xFb' g} laZjf; cfkm} u'dfpFb} uO/x]sf] 5 . la:tf/jfbL rfxfgf cg'¿k gx'bf la36g ub}{ b]znfO{ c/fhstf tyf
    ug{ /fhgLlts / g}lts x}l;ot dfcf]jfbLn] dfq /fV5 . elg/xg eGg] g} xf] . t/fO dw]z nf]stflGqs kf6L{ ;Dd csf]{ ;/sf/ agfpg gbLg], cl:y/tfsf] e'd/Ldf hfSg'k5{, /
    Af/Daf/ n}grf}/df eO/xg] xf] ; jf kmf] / d nf] s tflGqs jf la:tf/jfbL rfxfgf lak/Lt s'g} b] z nfO{ of] cj:yfaf6 k' g
    kb}g, dfcf]jfbLn] kl5Nnf] ;dodf sf+u; ]| , dw];jfbL, Pdfn] kf6L{ tyf ;] d Lgf/x¿, ef/tLo u0ftflGqs h'g ;'s} gfdsf kf6L{ x'g,\ lg0f{o eOxfn]df To;sf] la?Wbdf /fhtGqsfnLg cj:yfdf kmsf{pg'k5{
    nufotsf zlStn] zflGt k|so[ fsf ;jfndf /fv]sf ;t{ dfg]/ ;/sf/ tyf ef/tLo pRr txsf oLgLx¿sf] g] t [ T j bzsf} ;Dd sGbgL s;]/ nfuL kg]{, nufPtsf eGg] dw]zjfbL /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿
    cl3 a9g'df p;n] ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j ug{ ToxL a}wflgs clwsf/ s'6gLlts cwLsf/Lx¿sf] g]kfn 5f8fk'hLafb tyf ;fdfGtafbsf] 36gf nfO{ ;+lawfg;efsf] Dofb tyf cGo k|ltufdLx¿n] xfdL ;d]t
    kfpg vf]hs ] f] xf] . lzlj/df /x]sf ;]gf / xltof/ /fHonfO{ e|d0fsf qmddf PsfGtdf eO/x]g] kof{o s+u;]| df /x]/ s+u;]| sf] /fhgLlt b'OltxfO af6 yKg] k|fo lglZrt k/Ljt{gsf/L xf}, xfdL klg zflGt
    a'emfpg tof/ ePsf] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j ju g} k|zLIf0f tyf sf]rL+u Snf;x¿, u/]sf] s'/f ;j{lawLt} 5 . pd]/ ePsf] cj:yfdf PsfPs kf6L{ tyf ;+ljwfg rxfG5f} eGg] g}lts
    cfh;Dd Pp6f af]ln af]ln/x]sf kf6L{ kl/jt{g x'g ;S5, pd]/ cg';f/ k' m 6fP/ ;ef;bx¿nfO{ arfpg cfwf/ u' d fPsf 5g\ , obL km] / L
    ca;/ lbP/ ca g]kfnL sf+u; ]| n] cfˆgf] /fhgLlts rl/q :yflkt tyf zQmLx¿ Ps} /ftdf cfk\mgf] ¿k, AoQmLsf] ¿kdf kl/jt{g x'g ;S5 pkTosf af6} ckx/0fsf] ;}nLdf oLgLx¿n] To:tf s'/f u5{g\ eg] Tof]
    ug{ h?/L 5 . km]l/ klg …ltdLx¿n] vfO;Sof} ca d]/f] kfnf]Ú /+u ;d]t kl/jt{g u/]/ ef]lnkN6} t/ ltgLx¿sf] dl:t:s tyf /fhwfgL aflx/ nu]/ kmsfpg], cfly{s vfnL a]OdfgL dfq 7xl/g] 5 .
    eGg] z}nLdf cfˆg} g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/ aGg'kg]{ RofFv] bfp yfKg]
    k|of; eof] cfufdL b'O{ aifd{f klg ;+lawfg aGg ;Sb}Gg .
    emngfy vgfnsf] ;/sf/nfO{ /fhLgfdf u/fP/ /fli6«o ;xdltsf]
    ;/sf/ agpg klg dfcf]jfbL g]tT[ jdf ;a}n] dfGg' ckl/xfo{
    cj}wflgs sfdbf/nfO{ j}wflgs aGg] cj;/
    dn] l ;of . sl/j !( nfv xfdLnfO{ 5nkmnsf nflu af]nfPsf] k'gM dn]l;of cfP/ sfd ug{kfpg]5g\ . ul//x]sf 5g\ . a}wflgs aGg] k|so[ fdf
    b]lvG5 . zflGt k|so[ fk|lt k|lta4 /x]sf] k|i6 kfg{ dfcf]jfbLn] ca}wflgs >lds /x]sf] dn]l;ofn] lyof]Ú -/fhb"t clwsf/Ln] eGg'eof]_ :jb]z kmls{Pkl5 k'gM dn]l;of cfpg pgLx¿n] ;]So'l/6L uf8{s} ¿kdf
    o;k6s 7"n} lxDdt u/]sf] 5 . ca}wflgs sfdbf/nfO{ 3/ kmls{g] jf …ldlt :ki6 gatfPklg ;f] ckm/ Nofpg] gkfOg] xNnf km}nfO{Psf] eGb} /fhb"t le;f kfpg eg] ;Sg]5g} g .
    To;}n] ca /fli6«o ;xdlts} ;/sf/ aGg'k5{ / To:tf] j}wflgs ag]/ dn]l;ofd} sfd ug{ tof/L eO/x]sf] pgLx¿n] hfgsf/L clwsf/Ln] Tof] lg/fwf/ /x] s f] dn]l;og ;/sf/;Fu lgs6 ;|ft] n]
    ca;/ k|bfg ug{ ePsf] 5 . lbPsf 5g\ .Ú clwsf/Lsf cg';f/ atfpg'eof] . lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ dn]l;ofn] h'g
    ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j ug]{ ca;/ To;sf] j}wflgs xsbf/ dfcf]jfbLn] dn]l;of ;/sf/n] ut aif{g} ca}w :jb]z km{g rfxfg]nfO{ Go"gtd hl/jfgf dn] l ;ofn] Nofpg nfu] s f] dlxgfsf] ! b]lv !% tfl/vleq o:tf]
    g} kfpg'k5{ . h;n] ax'dt k'¥ofpF5 p;}n] g]tT[ j u5{ eGg] sfdbf/nfO{ lagf hl/jfgf 3/ kmls{g lnP/ / dn]l;ofd} a:g rfxfg]nfO{ lagf ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ cj;/ eg]sf] ckm/ Nofpg ;Sg] k|jn ;Defjgf 5 .
    ;+;bLo /fhgLltsf] cEof; ug{ yflnof] eg] lglZrt 5 km]l/ kfpg] ca;/ cyf{t a'ªs'; vf]Ng hl/jfgf a}wflgs ag]/ a:g lbg] :jb]zd} a;]/ sfg'gL¿kdf sfd o;/L NofOPsf] ckm/ sl/j !
    klg ;Qfsf] xfgyfkdf gofF ;+lawfgsf] e|0' fxTof x'g5 ] / g]kfn nfu]sf] ePklg afof]dl] 6\/s l;:6d nfu" dn]l;of ;/sf/sf] of]hgf 5 . oL b'j} ug{kfpg] ca;/ xf] . le;f gePklg dlxgfeGbf a9L gx'g] atfOPsf] 5 .
    / g]kfnLn] km]l/ klg cGwsf/sf] ofqf ug{k' g{] 5 . ug{ nfu]sfn] l9nfO{ ePsf] lyof] . 3/ k|so[ fsf nflu ca}w lab]zL sfdbf/n] lab]zL ca}w >ldsn] hxfF sfd u/]sf] dn]l;ofd} a;]/ sfd ug{rfx]sf] v08df
    kmls{g] ca;/dfq lb+bf cGo vf8L afof]dl] 6\/s l;:6ddf cfa4 x'gk' g]{ 5 . ToxL+af6 /f]huf/bftf;Fusf] ;xdltdf afof]dl] 6\/s k|0ffnLdf cfa4 eO{ le;f
    g]tfx¿n] ca klg kmnfgfsf] g]tT[ jdf /fli6o ;xdltsf] d'ns
    ' df Tolt ;kmn gePsf] tyf ca}w :jb] z km{ g rfxg] x ¿n] g] k fnL sfg'gL x}l;ot k|fKt ug{] k|so[ f yfNg lng ;lsg] 5 / g]kfnL b"tfjf;n] To:tf
    ;/sf/ agfP/ ;xdtLo /fhgLltsf] ofqf u/f} eg]/ d'v vf]Ng sfdbf/ n's/] } a:g rfx]sf sf/0f b"tfjf;af6 6«fen 8s'dG] 6 k|fKt u/]kl5 ;Sg] /fhb"t clwsf/Ln] atfpg'eof] . g]kfnL >ldsnfO{ kf;kf]6{ pknAw
    ;s]sf 5}gg . df]xL dfUg] 9'u+ f| ] n'sfpg] eg]h:t} g]kfnL sf+u; ]| n] dn] l ;ofn] b' O { j 6f lasNk v' n f cfkm}n+ ] l6s6 lnP/ hfg'kg]5 { . 3/ t/ dn]l;of ;/sf/n] tf]ss ] f If]qdf u/fpg] 5 . a}wflgs aGg] k|so[ fsf nflu
    ;xdltsf nflu cfˆgf] g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/ aGg'kg{] 7flg/x]sf] 5, ug{nfu]sf] xf] . dn]l;ofsf nflu g]kfnL kmls{g]nfO{ Go"gtd hl/jfgf lng] dfq gofF le;f lng kfOg] 5 . ljleGg ;+:yfx¿nfO{ btf{ ug{ Ph]G6sf
    h'g jftf{sf df]rf{df sf+u; ]| n] k|i6 :j/df eGg ;s]sf] 5}g . /fhb"t 8f= Clif/fh clwsf/Ln] dn]l;of dn]l;ofn] hgfPsf] 5 . t/ g]kfnn] ;]So'l/6L uf8{nufotsf sltko ¿kdf lgo'St ug{nfu]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .
    ;/sf/n] uf] xf]d c/ :6] km/ js{ cyf{t eg] ;"Go hl/jfgfdf 3/ kmls{g] ca;/ If]qdf dn]l;ofn] lab]zL sfdbf/ lng dn]l;ofdf /x]sf ca}w sfdbf/nfO{ a}w
    To;}n] ca s;sf] g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/ agfpg], slt ;doleq 3/ kms{ jf j}wflgs ag]/ sfd u/ k|bfg ug{cfu|x u/]sf] clwsf/Ln] k|ltaGw nufPsf] 5 . t/, sltko agfpg] k|so[ f ;'? x'g] ePkl5 g]kfnaf6
    /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ u7g ug{, s;n] slt k|ltzt ;xeflutf eGg] ckm/ Nofpg nfu]sf] hfgsf/L hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . o;/L afof]dl] 6\/s g]kfnL >ldsx¿n] ca}wflgs¿kdf gofF sfdbf/ Nofpg] k|so[ f eg] s]xL
    hgfpg] nufotsf laoifodf cfh}bl] v v;|f] s'/f x'g' h?/L 5 . lbg'eof] . …dfgj ;+;fwg dGqfnon] k|0ffnLdf cfa4 eP/ :jb]z km{gx] ¿n] ;] S o' l /6L uf8{ s f ¿kdf sfd ;dosf nflu ca?4 x'g] 5 .
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    ;fdfGo sfo{stf{n] ug]{ ck]Iff g} d]/f ck]Iff x'g\ .
    To;eGbf a9L s]xL 5}g .
    ;ftfsf] s'/fsfgL b]j u'?·, :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o, P=g]skf dfcf]jfbL
    ) tLg bbsf zLif{:y g]tfx¿aLr To;s} cfwf/df xfdL cufl8 a9\5f}F . /fHosf] dftxtdf k'¥ofpg] eGg] xNnf ljifodf ;xdlt gh'l6 ;xdltsf]
    cfO/x] s f] 5 . Tof] ljifosf] /fli6«o ;/sf/ u7g x'g] s'/f ePg . x'g\ . To;eGbf a9L s]xL 5}g .
    ePsf] kfF r a' F b ] ;xdlt ) ;] g f ;dfof] h g / xltof/
    jf:tljstf s] xf] eGg] ljifodf To;f] geP;Dd emngfyn] /fhLgfdf u/]sf] ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf eGbf ) cG cGTT o df o ; I f] K o f :q
    sfof{ G jogsf] lbzfdf s] /fHonfO{ a' e mfpg] ;Gbe{ d f
    xfdLn] kf6L{leq Jofks, 5nkmn lbg] s'/} x'bF g} . clxn] ;xldt g} gagL bfofFafofF ug]{ u/L cufl8 a9\g ldNb}g . ;fKtflxsdfk{ m t\ yk s] x L
    eO/x]sf] 5, k|i6 kfl/lbg'; g < kf6L{ leq} Jofks cGt/lj/f]w
    x'gk' ¥of] eGg] dfu u/]sf 5f}F . lj:t[t k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lbFbf d'ns ' df cx;dlt / ljjfbf:kb ljifo eg]/ eGg rfxg' x' G 5 <
    d'Vo bnsf g]tfx¿aLr ePsf] 5 eGg] k| r f/df cfO/x] s f]
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    ;] g fnfO{ lgzl:qs/0f ug] { s' / f c/fhstf lglDtg ;S5 . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] klxNo} lg0f{o u/]sf] cf}klgj]zLs cj:yfsf] d'ns ' ePsf]
    cGt/lqmof ub}{ cufl8 a9\g] sfd xltof/ /fHonfO{ a'emfpg] ljifodf
    sxfFaf6 cfof] eGg] s'/fdf kf6L{leq ) tkfO{ + x ¿sf] kf6L{ n ] ;/sf/df 5 . xfdLn] klxn] h] gLlt tyf x'gfn] o:tf] cj:yf ;fdGtjfb /
    eO/x]sf] 5 . o; ljifodf bnx¿n] s] s'/f ePsf] 5 of] t xfdLnfO{ yfxf
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    ljifodf kf6L{leq s'/f p7]sf] xf], cGo ;xeflutf u/fpg] eg]/ lg0f{o ToxL ljifodf s]lGb|t 5f}F . k| l tlglwx¿nfO{ lj:yflkt
    u/]/ cufl8 a9\g h?/L 5 . xltof/ a'emfpg] s'/f st} pNn]v
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    ) clxn] k| d ' v k| l tkIf bn ul/Psf] 5}g . hg;]gfnfO{ lgzl:qs/0f
    ) o:tf] uDeL/ ljifodf kf6L{leq afF s L dGqLx¿ of] ;/sf/df cf–cfˆgf] ljifodf nljË ub}{ hgjfbL Joj:yf elgG5 . To;sf]
    g] k fnL sfF u | ] ; n] ;] g f ug]{ eGg] klg ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v
    Psdt geP/ ax ' d tsf] ;xefuL x' g ' x ' G 5 ls 5'§f5'§} ¿kdf sfo{stf{ e]nf nflu ;fdGtjfbsf k|ltlglwx¿nfO{
    ;dfof]
    ;dfof ] h gsf]
    gsf ] ljifonfO { ul/Psf] 5}g . zflGt ;Demf}tfdf :ki6
    cfwf/df lg0f{ o ubf{ kf6L{ x' g ' x ' G g < cfof]hgf u/]sf 5g\ . o;n] lj:yflkt ug{ h?/L 5 . ;fdGtjfbsf
    hf] 8 tf] 8 n] p7fPsf] 5, ;] g f ¿kdf ;]gf ;dfof]hg ug]{ elgPsf]
    leqsf] cGt/lj/f]w emg} rs{g] kf6L{n] w]/} klxn] b]lv / kl5Nnf] cfd sfo{ s tf{ s f] dgf] j n ;a} cjz]ifnfO{ lg:t]h kfg{ cfjZos
    ;dfof]hg ubf{ slt ;+Vofdf 5 . ;dfof]hg ug]{ eg]sf] hg;]gfnfO{ 5 . ;fdGtjfbsf] k|ltlglwsf] ¿kdf
    hgd'lQm ;]gf ;dfof]hg ug]{ klg /fHosf] Ps c+s agfpg] xf] . t xf] O g < s]lGb|o ;ldlt a}7sn] klg /fHosf] lub}{g / <
    Pp6f hLjGt kf6L{leq ax;, x/]s cËdf ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj s;n] sxfF s] s;/L nljË /x]sf] /fhtGq t lj:yflkt ePsf]
    eGg] ljifodf 6' Ë f] nflu /fHosf] cË agfpg] 7fpF d f
    5nkmn / cGt/lqmof lg/Gt/ u/fpg] eGg] ljifodf lg0f{o u/]sf] ug'{ePsf] 5, of 5}g Tof] ljifodf 5 . ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbsf] u'6sf]
    ;s] s f] xf] < lgzl:qs/0f ug]{ eGg] s'/f sxfFaf6
    rln/xG5 . kf6L{leq 5nkmn rNg' xf] . To;sf/0f of] ;/sf/df ;xefuL g]tfx¿;Fu ;f]4f 7Ls x'G5 . of] ¿kdf /x]sf] bnfn gf]s/ zfxL
    slt ;+Vofdf hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnL cfof] Tof] yfxf ePg .
    gf}nf] s'/f xf]Og Tof] 5nkmn kf6L{leq x' g ] dGqLx¿df ;dfj] ; L / ljifodf dnfO{ s'g} hfgsf/L 5}g . k'h
    F LjfbL ju{sf] h'g ;Qf 5 To;nfO{
    ;]gfdf ;dfof]hg ug]{ eGg] ;Gb]zdf ) g] t fx¿sf] ;' / Iffdf /x] s f
    klxNo} b]lv rNb} cfPsf] 5 . of] ;dfg'kflts agfpg] eGg] lg0f{o u/]sf] h–h;n] nljË u/]sf 5g\ pgLx¿;Fu} lj:yflkt ug{ ce} m afF s L 5 .
    s]xL 6'Ëf] nfu]sf] 5}g . kf6L{leq of] hg;] g fnfO{ lkmtf{ k7fP/
    lg/Gt/ ¿kdf rln g} /xG5 . lyof] . Tof] s'/f sfof{Gjog ePg lg0f{o ;f]4f of] ljifo ce}m k|i6 xf]nf . To;sf/0f /fli6« o :jflwgtfsf]
    ljifodf uDeL/ 9+ u n] 5nkmn bf] x f] / f] ;' / Iff k| 0 ffnL cGTo
    d[To't'No kf6L{ ePsf] eP hLjGt ePsf s'/fx¿ sfof{Gjog x'g'k5{ . ) tkfO{ + dfcf] j fbL kf6L{ s f] cfGbf]ng g} clxn]sf] d'n cfGbf]ng
    eO/x]sf] 5 . ljifo, k|;+u / ;Gbe{ ug{ ] ;Gb{ e df klg kf6L{ l eq
    5nkmn rNb}gYof] . hLjGt kf6L{ clxn] To;sf] ;Dk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L s]Gb|Lo lhDd]jf/ g]tfsf] x}l;otn] cfd xf] . h;/L /fhtGqnfO{ lj:yflkt
    cg';f/ 5nkmn rNbf s:tf] lgrf]8 Jofks dte]b 5 elgG5 lg <
    ePs} x'gfn] xfd|f] kf6L{leq 5nkmn, sfof{nonfO{ lbOPsf] 5 . s]Gb|Lo kf6L{ sfo{stf{ / ;j{;fwf/0f ug]{ k|Zgdf u0ftGqsf] gf/f k|d'v
    cfpF5 ToxL cg';f/ cufl8 a9\g] ;'/Iff k|0ffnL s:tf] agfpg] eGg]
    cGt/lqmofx¿ rn]sf x'g\ . o;nfO{ sfof{ n on] cfˆgf] cg' s " n tfdf hgtfnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] qmflGt aGof] To;}u/L bnfn gf]s/zfxLnfO{
    s'/f x'G5 . ;]gf ;dfof]hgsf] ljifodf ljifodf kf6L{df ljjfb 5}g . t/
    cGo ¿kdf a'‰g cfjZos 5}g . To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog unf{ . ;DkGg u5{ eg] / s;/L lj:yflkt ug] { ;jfndf /fli6« o
    Jofks 5nkmn x'bF f s] lgrf]8 cfpF5 hgd'lQm ;]gf;Fu /x]sf xltof/x¿
    ) sfF u | ] ; n] dfcf] j fbL kf6L{ n fO{ ) dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ clxn] ;/sf/df cfZj:t kfg{' x'G5 < :jflwgtfsf] gf/f k|d'v aG5 / aGg'
    bfx| f / gË| f gePsf] ;xefuL 5 t/ o:tf] cj:yfdf d rflxF g]tfeGbf klg sfo{stf{ kb{ 5 . oxL cfGbf] n gdf ;Dk" 0 f{
    slt ;+Vofdf hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnL af3h:tf] agfpg] pb\ 3 f] i f kf6L{n] ;lxb, j]kQf kl/jf/, k/] To;sf/0f dfcf]jfbLsf ;fdfGo b] z eQm, jfdkGyL, u0ftGqjfbL
    zlQmx¿ uf] n a4 eP/ cufl8
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    lg/Lx eP/ To;} lbzftk{ m
    3fOt] / ckfËsf nflu s]xL
    sfd ug{ g;s] s f] u' g f;f]
    sfo{stf{n] ug]{ ck]Iff g} d]/f ck]Iff
    a9\g'k5{ eGg] d]/f] cfu|x 5 .
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    ljifodf uDeL/ 9+un] 5nkmn dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ eg]sf] j}1flgs
    ljrf/ af]ss ] f] kf6L{ xf], sDo'lgi6 kf6L{
    s] eGg' x'G5 <
    slt k"/f eof] slt k"/f ePg eGg]
    5 of] t xfdLnfO{ yfxf ePg t/ lj:t[t zflGt
    eO/x]sf] 5 . eg]sf] ;j{xf/fjuL{o kf6L{ xf] . larf/ s'/f ;+Vofsf] s'/f eof] . clxNo} g} Tof]
    ;Demf}tfdf xltof/ a'emfpg] s'/f st} pNn]v ul/Psf]
    g} sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] d'Vo c:q xf] . ljifodf ;ldIff ug]{ a]nf eof] eGg] dnfO{ 5}g . hg;]gfnfO{ lgzl:qs/0f ug]{ eGg] klg
    qmflGtsf/L ljrf/ g} sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] nfUb}g . sd;]sd klg ;/sf/df ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5}g . zflGt ;Demf}tfdf
    d"n cfwf/ xf] . To;sf/0f h+unL ;xefuL ePsf] tLg dlxgf t x'g} k5{ . :ki6 ¿kdf ;]gf ;dfof]hg ug]{ elgPsf] 5 .
    xfd|f] kf6L{n] kf]x/ ;fn ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] hgfj/sf] bfx|f, gË|fsf] ljifodf of] ;/sf/n] k"0f{tf kfPsf] w]/} ePsf]
    ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf eGbf bfof“afof“ ug]{ u/L cufl8 ;dfof]hg ug]{ eg]sf] hg;]gfnfO{ klg /fHosf] Ps
    sfFu|];n] s'g k|;+udf eGg vf]h]sf] 5}g . cfˆgf] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 .
    a9\g ldNb}g . cx;dlt / ljjfbf:kb ljifo eg]/ xf] Tof] xfdLnfO{ yfxf ePg . ;/sf/n] :jtGq ¿kdf sfd ug{ kfpg' c+Ë agfpg] xf] . /fHosf] cË agfpg] 7fpFdf
    d:of}bf eGbf tndfly ug{ ldNb}g eg]/ s]Gb|Lo ) tLg bnaLr /fli6« o k¥of] . clxn] of] ePg / Tof] ePg eGg] lgzl:qs/0f ug]{ eGg] s'/f sxfFaf6 cfof] Tof] yfxf
    ;ldltn] klxNo} lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . xfdLn] klxn] h] ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ u7g ug]{ eGg] a]nf eof] h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb}g . ePg .
    gLlt tyf cjwf/0ff ;fj{hlgs u/]sf lyof},“ xfdL ;xdlt ePsf] 5, ;/sf/sf] ) ;+ l jwfg;efsf] ylkPsf]
    g] t [ T j ug] { ;Gbe{ d f kf6L{ n ] s] tLg dlxgfdf ;+ljwfgsf] vfsf
    ToxL ljifodf s]lGb|t 5f}“ . ;f] l r/x] s f] 5 < cfpg]df tkfO{+ sltsf] ljZj:t
    clxn] emngfy vgfn g]t[Tjsf] x' g ' x ' G 5 < emngfyn] /fhLgfdf lbg]
    ;/sf/n] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 . o;sf] ;+ljwfgsf] vfsf t aGnf t/ s'/} x'Fb}g . clxn] ;xldt
    ljsNk tof/ ug]{ eGg] ljifodf ljsNkdf csf]{ ;/sf/ u7g x'g] eGg] dxTjk"0f{ s'/f s:tf] vfnsf] vfsf g} gagL k|wfgdGqLn]
    bnx¿aLr ;xdlt ePkl5 dfq ljifo d} ;xdlt ePsf] 5}g . ljsNk agfpg] eGg] xf] . hgtfsf] ;+3Lo /fhLgfdf lbFbf d'n'sdf
    emngfyn] /fhLgfdf lbg' xf]nf . tof/ ug]{ eGg] ljifodf bnx¿aLr u0ftGqfTds k|sf/sf] vfsf aGg] xf]
    ;xdlt ePkl5 dfq emngfyn] ls ljxf/L a'h'{jf u0ftGqsf] vfsf l/Qmttfsf] cj:yf cfpF5 .
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    nfUnf . clxn] s;n] g]t[Tj ug]{ ug]{ eGg] ljifodf 6'Ëf] nfUnf . clxn] ;+ljwfgsf] vfsf aGg] eGg] s'/f
    eGg] s'/f p7fpg' o'lQm;+ut s;n] g]tT[ j ug]{ eGg] s'/f p7fpg' dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . vfsf dfq} agfpg]
    ;+ljwfgsf] vfsf t aGnf t/ dxTjk"0f{ s'/f
    x'Fb}g . o'lQm;+ut x'bF g} . s'/f dxTjk"0f{ xf]Og .
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    g]t[Tj s;n] ug]{, s'g dfGotfsf] /xG5 t < ljxf/L a'h'{jf u0ftGqsf] vfsf aGg] xf], eGg]
    cfwf/df ;/sf/ agfpg] eGg] xfd|f] kf6L{n] kf]x/ ;fn ;fj{hlgs b' O { j 6f km/s ljrf/x¿ 5g\ . To;sf/0f s' g
    ljifodf g]tfx¿;Fu ;f]4f 7Ls x'G5 . of] ljifodf dnfO{
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    g]skf d;fnsf] ;dy{g ug{ ca aflx/ ;fj{hlgs eP -jf:tjdf
    ljZjd} clt ;+s6fkGg cj:yfdf k'lu;s]sf kf6] af3x?sf] ;+Vof 36\b} uPsf] stf/l:yt g]kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf] ltnsljqmd y]j], stf/ pgL e"ldut xf]Ogg e'ldut eGg]
    t ;a}nfO{{ yfx ePs} s'/f] xf] . ljZjel/ a]u+ fn 6fOu/ eg]/ lrlgg] af3dfly emg sfo{z}nL;Fu dte]b eO{ c;Gt'i6 / e' u f] n n] ;dy{ g ul/;s] s f] xf] . gq /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o ;+3Lo pgLx¿sf kf6L{sf] gLlt dfq_ hgtfn]
    csf]{ ;d:of ylkPsf] /x]5 . h+undf xHhf/f}+ lsdL If]q cf]u6]/ ;f/f hLjhGt'nfO{{ ;d"x4f/f stf/df zfgbf/ clwj]zg hgtfsf] ;+3Lo u0ftGqnfO{ k'ugk'u k| 0 ffnLsf] pbfx/0f k| : t' t ub} { y'Sg]5g\ . lxhf] b]zdf cfjZos
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    /x]5g . slt;Dd xf]nf t tgfj klg < z/L/sf] cfsf/} 36\b} uPsf] /x]5 kf6]
    :yfkgf ul/Psf] j[xt stf/ g]kfnL Pp6f ;fgf] /fh}lts bnn] lj/f]w km]/L k|fb]lzs ljefhgsf] k|:tfj a;]sfn] cj jflx/ lg:s]/ pgsf] s'g}
    af3x?sf] tgfjs} sf/0f . h+undf :jtGq k"j{ /fOFbfOF u/]/ lhpg] o:tf ch+usf Pstf ;dfh -;dfgfGt/_ s]lGb|o ug{'sf] k5f8L s'g} cy{g/xg] :ki6 NofPsf x'g t < ef}uf]lns cfwf/df dxTj /xGg / To;sf] s'g} t's 5}g .
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    pTkGg ;d:ofnfO{{ sf/s dfg]sf 5g . ef/tdf ePsf] Ps cWoog cg';f/ kf6] ;dy{ g ug{ ;+ u 7g g] k fnL sb/ ub}{ ;+3Lotfsf] kIf3/ PsLs[t rnfpg k|fb]zLo clwsf/ ;DkGg ;fIfL 5, ;a}eGbf w]/} rf]Ol6g]
    af3sf] ;+Vof dfq} 36]sf] geP/ ca af3sf] cfsf/ klg 3l6/x]sf] 5 . ljz]if1x?n] hgk|ultzLn d~r stf/sf] ljlwjt sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ g]skf d;fn xf] . of]
    af3sf] z/L/ / tf}n tgfjn] ubf{ 3l6/x]sf] atfPsf 5g . a+unfb]zl;t l;dfgf g]skf dfcf]jfbL;Fu PsLs/0f ;Dej clwsf/Lx¿ s]Gb|n] lgo'St ug{ /
    PsLs/0f ePsf] 5 . Psflt/ of] ePsf] 5 . ;+ 3 Lotfdf ;+ 3 Lo/fHo rnfpg t vfnL Pp6f dfS;{jfb l;sfpg]
    hf]l8Psf] ef/tsf] ;'Gb/jg af3 cf/Ifsf af3x?sf] cWoog ubf{ Tof] tYo km]nf
    k¥of] . jftfj/0fLo kl/jt{gsf] c;/n] ubf{ ltgsf] k|flqmlts jf;:yfgdf k|efj PsLs/0fn] stf/df sfo{/t xfd|f csf]{ jf:tljstf s]xf] eg] clxn] hgtfn] k|ltlgwL lgjf{lrt u/]/ kf7zfnf;Dddf dfq l;ldt /Xof] .
    kfg{hfFbf To;f] ePsf] egfO{ pgLx?sf] 5 . ;'Gb/agsf af3x?sf] l:yltaf/] cWoog g]kfnL d]xgtsz >lds Pj+ dhb'/, ;+3Lotfsf] lj/f]w u/]/ ;+3Lotfdf k7fpg'df s'g k|0ffnL pQd xf] t < g]skf d;fnsf df]xgljqmd l;+xnfO{
    ubf{ ToxfFsf af3sf] z/L/ Ps bzseGbf cl3sf] t'ngfdf xn'u+ f] / ;fgf] ePsf] ;+3;:yf, a'l4lhjL, kqsf/ tyf d' n ' s uP /fi6« 6' l qmg] 5 eGg] eGg] s'/fdf ca hgtfnfO{ 9f6\g g]tf eGbf Pp6f dfS;{jfb l;sfpg]
    kfOof] . o:tf] cWoog g]kfndf gePsfn] o;} eGg ;lsg] cj:yf 5}g . t/ ;dfh / ;+u7gk|lt cf:yf / rf;f] cfwf/lxg gf/f lbP/ g]skf d;fn vf]Hg' e"n x'g5] . :d/0f/xf];\ hgtfn] u'?dfq x'g eGbf km/s kb}{kb}{g .
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    5g . …:j:y b]lvPklg xfdLnfO{{ s] crDd nfUof] eg] ltgsf] tf}n hDdf (* lsnf] k} b f u/] s f] 5 eg] csf{ l t/ /fHox¿sf ljrdf cfGtl/s ;+3if{ bf];|f] sf/0f g]skf d;fnsf] cu|ufdL lgsf; lbg cu|0fL e'ldsf
    dfq} lyof]Ú ;'Gb/jg af3 cf/Ifsf lgb]z { s ;'at| d'vhL{n] eg] . ;'at| d'vhL{sf g]kfnLx¿nfO{ x/]s sf]0faf6 7uLvfg] rls{of] eg] ;+3Lo/fHox¿ s]xL /fhg}lts bz{g ;dfKt eO{;s]sf] v]ln/x]sf5g\ olb pgs} u'F8df /
    cg';f/ Pp6f :j:y af3sf] tf}n Ps ;o $) lsnf] eGbf sd x'g' x'bF g} . ;d:ofsf efF8f] agfpb} lxF8]sf g]kfnL 7u, cndlng ;Snfg t/ s]lGb|o ;/sf/ 5 . g]skf d;fn÷/fhdf] sDo'lgi6 pgs} /fhg}lts bof / e/f];fdf
    yk sf/0f s]–s] x'g ;S5g . ltgsf] jf;:yfgdflysf] cltqmd0f t 5Fb5 } , k|fs[lts bnfnx¿ / s]xL 5ße]ifL ;dfh;]jL, /lx/x]sf] eP ;fob p8\gnfO{ pld|Psf
    jftfj/0fdf cfPsf] abnLn] klg k|efj kfl//x]sf] 5 . al9 jiff{bn] ubf{ ;d'lb| ;tx alnof] eof] eg] p;n] /fHonfO{ ljrf/ gLlt / l;4fGtsf] b[i6Laf6
    Joj;foL, cw{Joj;foL g]kfnLx¿ hf] cg'zfl;t / clwgdf ;'/lIft /fVg klg cToGt ;+sl' rt / 9'nd'n] gLlt kv]6fx¿ klg s'lxP/ u'8F d} ;8\g]
    al9/x]sf] 5 . To;sf] cy{ 7"nf gbL / u+ufx?df klg af9L a9\5 . ef/tsf] u+uf,
    a|Xdk'q / d]gf{ h:tf 7"nf gbLdf af9L w]/} cfpFbf To;n] 3fF;] kmfF6 / l;d;f/ If]q ;+3;:yf / ;dfhlt/ klg ca ckr ;S5 . km]/L :jfledfgL g]kfnLn] ckgfpg] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ xf] . Ps lyP / pgLh:t} sDo' l gi6
    9flslbG5 . 3fF;] kmfF6 lrQnx?sf] k|dv ' jf;:yfg xf] . af3sf] k|dv ' cfxf/fg} x'g nfu]sf 5g\ ltgLx¿sf dg cfˆgf] dft[e"dL ef/t jf rLgnfO{ JolStsf] ljrf/nfO{ -rfx] k'/f0fjfrs dfq aGg]lyP oxL x'g
    lrQn / d[u x'g . To:tf] af9Ln] ;fgfltgf kf]v/Lx? k'l/ lbg], 9fls lbg] u5{ . dlit:sdf kSs} klg Ps lsl;dsf] ;lhn} lhDdf nfpg] s'/f sNkgf;Dd ;'ok{ lZrdaf6 pbfpg] eg] klg_ ToxL glbgnfO{ pgsf] yf]qf] uF8 5f]8\g}
    To:tf kf]v/Lx?n] af3n] cfxf/f agfpg] hLjx?nfO{{ cfsif{0f u/]sf x'G5g . af3sf] t/Ë / em6\sf dx;'z ePsf] x'g'k5{ ug{;lsGg . t/ /fhg}lts bnsf ljrf/nfO{ ;jf]k{ /L 7fGg] k|jl[ t, cfkmgf] kg]{x'G5 . Pp6f /fhg}lts zlSt
    k|dv' cfxf/f eg]s} lrQn -st} st} lrqL klg eG5g_ xf] . gbLdf af9L cfP/ h+un lsgsL 7u / bnfnx¿sf] ltj| lj/f]w ePkl5 x/]s lqmofsnfk / ;+rflnt
    9flslbgfn] lrQnx?sf] ;+Vof 3l6/x]sf] klg d'vhL{n] P Pkm kL ;dfrf/ ;+:yfnfO{{ g] t fx¿sf] ef/lto lj:tf/jfbL ljrf/ /fVg gkfOg], ljrf/ /fVg
    atfP . oL ;a} ;d:ofsf sf/0f ubf{ af3 plrt cfxf/fsf] cefj / s'kf]if0faf6 ub}{ 7u / bnfnx¿nfO{ hgtfsf] gLlt;Fu k/f:t xFb' } cfTd;dk{0fjfbL vf]hd ] f t'?Gt sf/jfxL, lgisfzg sfo{qmdx¿n] s'g} prfO{ k|fKt ug{
    u|l;t 5g . …To;}n] ubf{ zf/Ll/s ?kdf af3 tgfj / lrGtfdf 5g . ef]s nfUbf cbfntdf v8f u/fpg tTk/ b'O{ rfn9fn b]vfpg vf]h]sfn] ubf{ k| l qmof cl3 a9fP/ ljrf/zLn cToGt cfjZos kb{ 5 ;f] x' g
    cfˆgf] jf;:yfgdf cfxf/f gkfPkl5 tL afv|f / ufO uf]? vf]Hb} dfgj jl:t j6f afdkGyL zlStx¿sf] xfn} Pstf d'ns ' nfO{ pklgj]zsf] ¿kdf -e'6fg_ JolStx¿nfO{ lg?T;flxt kfg]{ k|jl[ tn] g;s]df / lgik|efjL ePdf /fhg}lts
    k:5gÚ d'vhL{n] eg] . ePsf] 5 . of] PsLs/0fn] cfdkIf agfP/ k|of]u ug{;Sg] ;DefjgfnfO{ ;a} g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿n] ca c;kmntf / cnf]slk|otf z'? x'G5

    h"gsL/L efn]nfO{{ g} vfOlbG5g dfem pAhfPsf] clxn] s f] d' V o


    sf}tx' ntfsf] ljifo eg]sf] ;+3Lotfsf]
    k|v/ lj/f]wL ;d"x / ;+3Lotfsf]
    gsfg{ ;lsGg t/ g]kfnnfO{ e'6fg
    h:tf] k/lhjL / l;lSsdLs/0f
    g]skf d;fn÷/fhdf]nfO{ TofUg'sf]
    ljsNk 5}g . g]skf d;fn TofUg] g]tf
    / g]skf d;fn÷/fhdf]df oxL s'/f
    nfu' ePsf] 5 . b'/ufdL ljrf/ ePsf
    ;Ifd g]tf, sfo{stf{ / hgtfsf] nflu
    ha;Dd h"gsL/L lemlns ldlns ub}g{ g / h"gsL/Lsf uLt ;'lgFbg} ta;Dd ug{rfFxL g]kfnL :jfledfgL hgtfn] tyf sfo{stf{x¿ wGojfbsf kfq x'g
    udL{ofd nfu]sf] cg'ej ub}g{ g ufpF3/sf y'k}| dfG5] . cyf{t\ h"gsL/Lx?n] udL{ofd ;'qwf/ Pj+ k|jn kIfw/ aLr s;/L ef/tnfO{ lbb}g . lsgsL pgLx¿n] hgtfsf nflu / hgtf4f/f lgb{]lzt sfo{qmdx¿sf]
    ;+st] sf] lknlkn] cfuf] af]s/] cfpF5g 3/ cfFug, s/];faf/L / rf}/lt/ . dl;gf xf]pg PsLs/0f ;Dej eof] < eGg] xf] . g]kfnL hgtfn] PsfTds zf;gsf] b]zsf nflu hgtf;Fusf] k|ToIf v8]/L ePsf]n] of] kf6L{nfO{ ;dy{g
    sL ltgn] cFWof/f] g} ?rfpg, ltgdfyL w]/s } f] Wofg eg] s]lGb|t x'g] u5{ . ltgsf] xl/of] t/ of] ;Dej eof] o;sf cg]s ug{ czf]egLo x'g] s'/f :ki6 5 .
    / kx]nF f] k|sfzsf af/]df w]/} uLt n]lvPsf 5g . syfx? a'lgPsf 5g . Wofg tflgPsf lttf] l d7f] cg' e j ;of} jif{ b ] l v ;/f] s f/df b] z df of] u bfg lbg
    sf/0fx¿ 5g\ . klxnf] sf/0f, lnO{/x]sf 5g\ . lxhf] k~rfotb]lv ;Sg]5g\ . g]skf d;fnsf dxfdGqL g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df g]kfnsf] cfufdL
    5g . aRrfx? t emg h"gsL/L vf]Hg] eGb} 3fF;lt/ bu'/fbu'/ g} u5{g\ . t/ ToxL kx]n F f]
    k|sfzn] efn] h"gsL/LnfO{{ eg] hLjgsf] cGTolt/ 8f]¥ofpF5 eGg] rfv nfUbf] tYo eg] ;+3Lotfsf] ;dy{g xf] . ;+3Lotf k|hftGq;Ddsf g]tfx¿ k|foM ;a} df]xgljqmd l;+x cem} cw{el' dut 5g\ kl/jt{ g sfdL lbzfdf zflGt /
    sltnfO{{ yfx xf]nf < hf8f]ofd ;lsP/ ha udL{ dlxgf z'? x'G5 ta ;fFemsf] u/d b]zdf nfu' ug'{ x'Fb}g d'n'ssf] tNnf] /fhwfgLd} af;f]jf;df lnKt eP . / pgsf] g]skf d;fn klg pgL ;Fu} cdgr}g, hgtfsf] ;+3Lo u0ftGq /
    jftfj/0fdf h"gsL/Lsf efn]x? 3fF; / emf8Llt/ ;nanfpg yfN5g . tL k|foM ;Dd tx;Dd} k' u ] s f] k" 0 f{ l js] l Gb| s [ t lhNnf, gu/, ufpF lj;]{ . b'u{d cw{ e " l dut 5 of] s' / fn] hg;+ljwfgsf nflu kxn ug{ tyf
    kmfF6 / glhs} h+un ePsf] 5]p5fpdf al9 ;nanfpg ?rfpF5g . kfsf efn]x?n] :jfoQtf ePsf] PsfTds lhNnfaf6 cfPsf g] t fx¿, ;Dk" 0 f{ j fdkGyL, b] z eSt tyf hgtfsf] xslxt / /fli6« o
    3fF;af6 dfly p8]/ kx]n F f] / xl/of] /+u lgsfNb} kf]yLx?nfO{{ of}gfsf+Iffsf] ;+st] u5{g\ . zf;gk|0ffnL g} /fd|f] eg]/ ;+3Lotfsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf /
    kf]yLx? klg s] sd < efn]sf k|sfzx?sf] ltgn] jl/kl/af6 cjnf]sg u5{g\ . kf]yLx?nfO{{ k|ltlgwLx¿ ;d]t ;a} /fhwfgLsf] u0ftGqjfbL zlStx¿nfO{ xfF;f] p7\g'
    rfv nfu]df ltgn] klg aQL afn]/} ;sf/fTds ;+st] lbG5g . cWoogx?n] s] b]vfPsf lj/f]w jf:tjdf /fli6«o lxtsf nflu /demdd} e'n] cg]s g]tfx¿ cg]s :jefljs xf] . s'g} sfnv08df pgL :jfwLgtfsf] /Iff, j}bl] zs x:tIf]k,
    5g eg] w]/} rlDsnf] / l56f] aQL afNg ;Sg] efn]x? kf]yLsf 5gf}6df k5{ . xfdLnfO{{ ul/Psf] lj/f] w geP/ g] s kf lhNnfaf6 hgtfn] r'g/] k7fPs} lyP vf]hLsf ;"rLdf lyP xf]nfg t/ /fli6«o cfTd;dk{jfbsf] lj/f]w ug{ /
    p:t} nfu]klg h"gsL/Lsf y'k}| k|hflt x'G5g . To;}n] efn]x?n] cfˆg} k|hfltsf] s'g d;fn÷/fhdf]sf] cfˆgf yf]/} afFsL t/ tL lhNnf, gu/, ufpFx¿ HoFsfTo"F cfhsf] u0ftGq g] k fndf lxhf] cfjZos k/] ljwLsf] ;d]t k|of]u ug{
    kf]yLn] ;+ef]usf] :jfb lnPsL 5}g eg]/ 9's/] a:5g . To:t} kf]yLsf] vf]hLdf nfU5g . /x] s f sfo{ s tf{ x ¿nfO{ Jo:t /x] . To;sf/0f ca s]Gb| -l;+xb/jf/_ /fhg}lts cf:yfsf] sf/0f vf]hLsf] sfd Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL4f/f jfx]s
    lsg ;+ef]usf] cg'ej gePsf kf]yL s'5g{ \ t efn]x?n] < o;sf] rfv nfUbf] tYo s] 5 agfO/fVg] sf]/f gf/fdfq xf] eGg] cGo sf]xLklg sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x¿af6
    eg] ;+ef]u ul/;s]sf kf]yLx?n] z/L/sf] /;fog abn]/ ;+ef]u ug{ cfpg] efn]nfO{ g} af6 zfl;t PsfTds zf;g ;Dej pRr ;' r Ldf /x] s f JolStx¿,
    clxn] 3fd hlts} 5n{Ë eof] . gofF 5}g eGg] :ki6 eO{;s]kl5 km]/L 6fpsf]sf] df]n tf]lsPsf g]tfx¿, cfh;Dd gePsf] Oltxf; ;fIfL 5 .
    vfOlbG5g . Tof] tYosf] hfgsf/L efn]x?nfO{{ x'G5 . klxn] efn]nfO{{ ;+ef]usf nflu
    ;+st] lbg] ToxL k|sfz To:tf kf]yLx?n] Ps k6s ;+ef]usf] :jfb lnO;s]kl5 eg] g]kfnsf] kl/jt{g;+u} hgtfsf] ;dy{g PsfTds zf;gs} dfu ug{ slt;Dd sd/]8x¿, of]4fx¿, ;a} v'ndv'nf To;}n] g]kfns} Oltxf;df z;:q
    efn]nfO{{ cfxf/sf] ?kdf vfg xltof/sf] ?kdf k|of]u ug{yfN5g . sltko kf]yL t olt / ;+ljwfg;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug{ ts{ut / Gofo;+ut s'/f xf] < o;df hgtfsf] 3/b}nf]df k'uL hgtfsf g]tf hgo'4, u0ftGqsf] :yfkgfsf] cxd\
    af7f x'G5g ls ltgn] z+sf gug{ / cg'ej gePsf efn]x? hlt ;Sbf] w]/n } fO{{ cfsif{0f ;Dk"0f{bnx¿sf] efjgf ljkl/t Pp6f hgtfn] cfk\mgf] :jflwgtfsf] /Iff / ePsf5g\ . s] sd/]8 df]xgljqmd e"ldsf v]Nb} hgtfsf] zfgbf/ cledt
    ug]{ / 5SofP/ cfxf/f agfOlbg] u5{ . hlt l56f] aQL afNof] plt kf]yLn] ?rfpg] x'bF f bn o;sf] ljkIfdf plebf g]kfnL pkef]u ug{kfp5g\ < cfh hgtf l;+x aflx/ lg:sbf hgtfn] nft xfGg] kfPsf] cj:yfdf xfdL cf:yfsf
    efn]x? klg cfxf/f agfpg] kf]yLsf w/fkdf k5{ . lsgeg] ltgn] kf]yLx?n] ?rfpnfg hgtfsf] g} ; lu{ s clwsf/ / l;kfxLx¿n] klg hgtfsf] cledts}
    eGg] cfzfn] emg l56f] l56f] aQL afNg] sf]l;; u5{ . To;}n] x/]s ;fFem efn]x?n] ;8sdf lsg cfP < lsg hgtfn] lyP / < ca rfFxL df]xgljqmd l;+x
    afNg] aQLdf …;]S;sf] cfgGb sL hLjgsf] ;dfKtLÚ eGg] hf]lvd /xG5 . s]xL efjgfdfly g} v]njf8 ePsf] 5 . ;+3if{ u/] < lsg PsfTds zf;gsf aflx/ lg:sg w]/} l9nf] eO{;s]sf] 5 nfO{gnfO{ l:jsf/ ub}{ k/]8df ;xefuL
    j}1flgsx?n] eg] l56f] / rlDsnf] aQL afNg ;Sg] efn]x?n] w]/} kf]yL cf]u6\g] atfPsf o;sf/0fn] ls g]kfnL hgtfn] u/]sf] clwgfos / p;sf efO{ef/bf/x¿ / / afFrG' h]n ;fj{hlgs gePs} /fd|f] . x'g' :jefljs} xf] .
    z;:q hgo'4 cyjf hgcfGbf]ngdf
    5g . ltgsf] egfO{df slxn]sxLF t s'g} efn]n] ;of}+ kf]yL v]nfpF5 .

    af“b/n] lkmNd agfpg yfNof] g]kfnL hgtfn] rfx]sf] u0ftGq /


    hgtfsf] :jflwgtf lyof] . ;+3Lotf
    e' / ] 6fs' / ] x ¿nfO{ clwsf/ljlxg
    agfP < b]zdf s'g} g s'g} clwgfosn]
    zf;g ul//xf];\ / hgtf ;w}F p;}sf]
    afn>d k|ltaGwsf] k|efj z"Go
    sf7df8f}F . ljZjsf clwsf+z b]zdf afnaflnsfx¿ sfd u5{g\ . pgLx¿
    dfG5]n] lkmNd agfpg t slt d'l:sn . slt k|lt:kwf{ x'G5 . emg afFb/n] agfPsf]
    hgtfsf] oxL :jflwgtfsf] /Iff;Fu clwgdf /xf];\ eGg] PsfTds zf;g h;lt g]kfndf klg sfg'gL ¿kdf laxfg ;"of]b{ ob]lv ;"of{:t;Dd sfFrf] jf
    lkmNd s:tf] xf]nf < g n]v k9, g lkmNd agfpg] snfsf] 1fg . s;/L agfpg] afFb/n] ufFl;P/ cfPsf] g]kfnsf] ¿kfGt/0fsf] k|0ffnLsf kIfw/x¿n] rfx]sf] xf] < afn>d k|ltalGwt 5 . t/ Jojxf/df kf]ns] f] df6f]sf] ef/L af]S5g\ . tL e§fx¿df
    lkmNd < t/ Ps kf]yL afFb/n] Pp6f lkmNd cfkm}nF ] agfP/ dflg;x?nfO{ crDd} kfl/lbPsf] Pp6f r/0f xf] / o;nfO{ () olb pgLx¿sf] kl/efiffdf ;+3Lotf eg] o:tf sfuhL k|ltaGwsf] k|efj z"Go sfFrf] df6f]bl] v k|of]u of]Uo OF§f aG5 .
    5 . sfk'l;g gfd /flvPsf] Ps kf]yL afFb/n] cf]l8k (Oedip) eGg] Ps lkmNd PSn}n] k|ltzteGbf a9L hgtfn] o;sf] 5 . sfg'g lstfjdf 5 t/ Tof] Jojxf/df ToxL e§fd} hlGdPsf s} o f} + sfF r f
    a]7Ls eP hgtfnfO{ PsfTds zf;g slxNo} nfu" x'bF g} . :s"n hfg'kg{] afnaflnsf afnaflnsf OF§f;Fu} kl/kSj aG5g\ . ToxfF
    agfPls 5] . lkmNd agfpg rflxg] ;fdfg cfkm}+ h8fg ug{ / ldnfpgd} lbg latfpF5] kIfdf cledt hfx]/ ul/;s]sf]
    p . lvr]sf lSnk–x? cfkm}+ ;Dkfbg u5{ . o;f] u/ / o;f] u/ eGb} cfkm}+ lgb]z { lbG5] . klg a]7Ls nflu;s]sf] 5 . /fli6«o h]7sf] rsf]{ 3fddf sfd ug{afWo 5g\ . OF§f agfpg] af]Sg] / kf]Ng] dfq geO yf]/}
    cj:yf 5 of] yfxf x'bF fxFb' } klg o;sf] ;fj{ef}ldstf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf / ljZjsf clwsf+z b]zdf * b]lv !$ jif{sf k};fsf] nflu csf{sf] aRrf lk7\odF' f af]s/]
    clg aNn lbpF;f]sf] vfgf vfg a:5] . o;n] agfPsf] Tof] lkmNd k|bz{gLsf nflu k|mfG;sf]
    Sn]df]+ { km]/F lkmNd kj{df l:js[t ePsf] 5 . Sofk'l;g cGo lkmNd agfpg] o'jf lgdf{tf em}+ lj/f]wdf ug{ eg]sf] hgtfsf] efjgfdf :jfwLgtfsf] /Iff ub}{ hgtfsf] ;+3Lo afnaflnsf emf]nf / l6lkmgdf vfhf af]s/] lbge/L pleg] afnaflnsf klg 5g\ .
    lkmNd If]qdf b]vf kg];{ Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] atfPsf 5g pgsf] sfd b]Vg]x?n] . o;n] u/]sf] 7]; k'¥ofpg' g} xf] . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df u0ftGqnfO{ hgtfn] cfTd;ft :s"n hfG5g\ . s}of}+ afnaflnsf sDKo'6/df sf7df8f}F cf;kf;sf e§fx¿df dfgj
    lkmNd If]qsf] sfd dfgj afx]s s'gk} lg lhjhGt'n] u/]sf] klxnf] sfo{ xf] . Tof] lkmNd ;+3Lotfdf d'ns ' uO{;s]kl5 d'ns ' sf] u]d v]N5g\ . t/ g]kfndf s}of}+ afnaflnsf hLjgsf] cgf}7f] rqm b]lvG5 . hlGdPb]lv
    ul/;s]sf x'gfn] s'g zf;g k|0ffnL lem;ld;]d} gfDnf] le/]/ cfk"meGbf 7"nf] g} cfdfa'afsf] sfvdf lwt dg]u{ /L v]Ng
    agfpg] sfd sk'l;gn] hfkfgsf] l/;r{;G] 6/ cg Plgdn Nofj]hdf agfPls xf] hxfF cxf]ult x'G5 of cBf]ult x'G5 Tof] l7s xf]nf t eGg] s'/f :ki6 eO;s]sf]
    o;n] ;fgf] kmf]g dfkm{t\ lgb]z { g lbg] uyL{ . o;n] agfPsf] lkmNddf ;fgf afFb/x?n] s;/L af]em p7fpF5g\ . lbgk|ltlbg s+lqm6sf] gkfPsf afnaflnsf v]nsf] ¿kdf klg
    s'/f ef]ln d'ns
    ' xfSg] x/]s /fhgLlts cj:yf 5 . h+nusf ¿kdf emflËb} u/]sf] sf7df8f}n + ] OF§f af]Sg / rfª nufpg l;S5g\ . tL
    sfd u5{ eGg] b]vfOPsf] 5 . afFb/nfO{{ o;/L lkmNd agfpg] lbg ;lsg] af/]sf] k|fh ] S] 6
    agfpg] sfd eg] afFb/sf] lbdfv af/] ljz]if1 hfkfgsf lx/f]sfh' lza'ofn] u/]sf x'g . bn / g]tfx¿df klg e/ kb{5 eg] km]/L csf]{ /dfO{nf] / xfF;f] nfUbf] dfq klg w]/} slnnf afnaflnsfsf] >d ltg} afnaflnsf x'g h:n] ef]ln :s"nsf]
    l;a'ofsf cg';f/ sfk'l;gn] bz jif{ k|of]uzfnfdf sfd u/]/ tflnd lnPsL lyO . ToxL s:tf] ;+3Lotf k|0ffnL d'n's cl3 s'/f s] klg 5 eg] ;+3Lo lj/f]wL zf]if0f ul//x]sf] 5 . pkTosdf lxpFb emf]nf af]Sg] pd]/df OF§fsf] ef/L af]Sg]
    eP/ o;n] cf]O8L lzif{ssf] Tof] lkmNd lgb{z ] g ug{;s]ls xf] . sfk'l;gnfO{{ lsÍf]ª c;fWo} a9\g ;Snf To;sf nflu ;+3Lotfljb, g]skf d;fn÷/fhdf]n] k|b]lzo - nfu]kl5 ylkg] s+lqm/6 h+unsf nflu O{6f{ 5g\ . /fhwfgL / aflx/sf OF§f e§fdf sfd
    dg kg]{ l;a'ofn] atfP . l;a'ofn] z'?df ckf+ux?nfO{{ ;xof]u ug]{ tflnd lbPsf lyP l;dfljb, e"uf]nljb, efiff, wd{, agfpg] sfd ;'? x'G5 . lxpFb nfUgf;fy ug]{ afndhb"/x¿sf] cj:yf nueu o:t}
    k|flGto_ cfsf/df g]kfnsf] gS;fnfO{ tL afnaflnsfnfO{ leljGg b'ud{ lhNnfaf6 5 . s]xL ;do cl3sf] ljZj >d ;+u7gsf]
    cGo hgfj/ / afFb/ ;Fu} sfk'l;gnfO{ k{ lg . Ps hgf z/Ll/s ?kdf czSt dflg;sf] hghftL, ;dfh / ;Dk|bfo;Fusf]
    x]/rfxdf v6fOPsf] lyof] sfk'l;gnfO{{ . sfk'l;gdfly agfOPsf] csf]{ 8s'dl] G6« sfk'l;gsf ljeSt u/] / ljleGg k| b ] z df OF§f e§fdf NofO k'¥ofOG5 . afndhb"/ tYofÍ x]g{] xf] eg] g]kfndf k};fsf nflu
    Jofks 5nkmn lqmofcGt/lqmof d' n ' s nfO{ n} h fg ;lsg] k| : tfj Nofpg ;lqmo x'g] gfOs]x¿ jiff{ ;lsPkl5 lgoldt >d a]Rg] afnaflnsfsf] ;+Vof
    cg';f/ o;n] l6eL / Sofd/fdf rfv /fv]sf] dflg;x?n] ofb u/]sf lyP . Tof] b]vk] l5
    pgnfO{{ lkmNdsf] lgb]z { g ug{ nufpg] ;f]r agfOPsf] lyof] . lgb]z{ s n'O; lgo6f]n] clxn] u/] / pgLx¿sf] /fo ;Nnfx / ;fj{hlgs ul/;s]sf] 5 . of] k|fb]lzs ufpFufpF k'U5g\ . sltko afnaflnsf t !& nfv eGbf a9L 5 . !) b]lv !$
    lkmNd agfpg] ;fwgx? afFb/lt/ 3'dfO{ lbg], ltgnfO{{ lbg] u/]/ lkmNd agfpg] lhDd]jf/L ;'emfj lng'kb{5 / ef]ln ;+3Lo ljefhg klg ;+3Lotfdf hgtfn] s]Gb| 3/wGbf a'‰g] pd]/ gx'bF } kl/jf/sf] C0f jif{pd]/sf afnaflnsfdWo] s/La $@
    lbg yfn]sf 5g . pgn] sfk'l;gnfO{{ slt;Dd ;'lawf lbPsf 5g eg] lgb{z ] ssf ?kdf u0ftflGqs g] k fn eO;s] k l5 ltg{eGb} OF§f e§fdf cfOk'U5g\ . k|lt;t afnaflnsf cfly{s ¿kdf ;s[o
    aflx/ kfpg] ljs]lGb|s[t, :jtGqtf, v]Ng] pd]/df >d a]lr/x]sf oL >d a]lr/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnd} afnclwsf/sf
    pgsf] s';L{ 5'§} 5 . To;df a;]/ sfk'l;gn] d]ufkmf]g dfkm{t\ cfk"mnfO{{ s]–s] rflxG5, sxfF /fHosflardf ef} u f] l ns tyf xs clwsf/, :jflwgtf / ;'ljwf s}
    s] ldnfpg' k5{ cfˆgf dfgj ;xof]uLx?nfO{{ lgb]z { g lbg] ul5{g . sfk'l;gn] agfPsf] of] clwsfz+ afnaflnsfsf] eljio cGof}ndf nflu sfd ug{ ;+:yfx¿sf] ;"rL agfpg]
    hftLhftL, c;dembf/Ltf, ;dfh, csf]{ ¿k xf] To;}n] of] k|:tfjdf 5 . cfdfa'afsf] sfvdf x'ls{P/ :s"n xf] eg] klg s]xL bh{ t k'U5 . t/ tLdWo]
    lkmNdaf/] dflg;x?n] cf–cfˆg} 9+un] ljj]rgf ul//x]sf 5g . s;}n] o;nfO{{ s6 P08
    k]:6 cyf{t otf pltaf6 sf6s'6 u/]/ NofP/ hf]8g\ ] sfd dfq} u/]sf] eg]sf 5g eg]
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    kf6L{leq df}nfpb} uPsf] gofF ju{n]
    pTkLl8t jUf{sf] kIfdf nl8/xg]
    Tof] w'|ljs/0fn] km]l/ ;+;bLo / ePsf] ckf/ Ifdtfsf] ;b'kof]u
    u} x | ; + ; bLo sDo' l gi6 cEof;sf]
    eGg] s'/f ;fj{ef}d 5g\ . ljb|fx] g]tT[ j cj:yf ;[hgf x'gsf] nflu clxn]sf] x}l;ot /fVg]5 . To;sf] lglDt gofF k|lt:k|wfnfO{ ltj|tf b]cf];\ . u/f}+ .
    Jofj;flos ¿kdf df}/Lkfng
    ;'vt{] . ;'vt{] lhNnfdf @)) eGbf ahf/ vf]Hg'kg]{ emGem6 gePsf] pgL :jR5 ;kmf ufp“ ;x/
    a9L ls;fg Jofj;flos ¿kdf df}/Lkfng atfpF5g\ . pgsf cg';f/ dxsf] ahf/
    Joj;fo ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . lhNnfdf dxsf]
    dfu a9\ b } hfgyfn] k l5 ls;fgx¿
    d"No k|lts]hL ? @%) b]lv dfly /x]sf]
    5 . df}/Lkfng Joj;fodf /fd|f] pknlAw ko{6g ljsf;sf] cfwf/
    df}/Lkfng Joj;fotkm{ cfslift{ ePsf ug{ ;kmn ePkl5 pgn] tLgk6s lhNnf
    x'g . lhNnfdf jflifs{ $) lSjG6n dx k|ydsf] k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . afx|f} /fli6\o ;/;kmfO{ ;Ktfx
    pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf] 5 . ljb\ofk'/ uflj;–( df dfq} @$ hgf
    dfucg';f/ dx pTkfbg x'g g;Sbf df}/Lkfns ls;fgn] df}/Lkfng ;d"x @)^*.@.@@ b]lv @)^*.@.@* ;Dd
    ;'vt{] nufot aflx/L lhNnfaf6 jflifs{
    !) b]lv !% lSjG6n;Dd dx cfoft
    u7g u/]/ dfl;s art;d]t ug{] u/]sf
    5g\ . dx k|zf]wg ug{ cfw'lgs d]l;gsf]
    o; qmddf eQmk'/ lhNnfdf klg
    x'g] u/]sf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no cefj, cfw' l gs df} / L3f/sf] sfof{Gjogsf] ?kdf ;kmn agfpg
    ;|ft] n] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . df}/Lkfng Joj:yfkgdf sl7gfO, df} / Lkfng
    s6'~h], l;?6f/ / ;'8fnnfO{ v'nf g] k fn ;/sf/
    Joj;fo ;~rfngsf nflu n]vkm;f{, Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ k|fljlws bIf
    u'dL, /t', ljgkf, hj{6' f, u8L, s'gfy/L, hgzlStsf] cefj, tflndsf] c;'ljwf lbzfd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ug]{ nIo ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno
    n]vufpF, aflaofrf}/, ljb\ofk'/, u'6' /
    a]tfg uflj;df pko'St xfjfkfgL /x]sf]
    x'bF f o; If]qsf w]/} ls;fg Jofj;flos
    clbsf sf/0f df} / Lkfns ls;fg
    ;d:ofdf /x]sf] pgLx¿sf] egfO 5 .
    ;'v]{tdf :yfgLo d]lnkm]/f / ljsf;]
    /flvPsf] 5 . of] sfo{nfO{ ;kmn ;"rgf ljefu
    ¿kdf df}/Lkfngdf nfu]sf 5g\ . Ps ;]/fgf u/L b'O{ hftsf df}/Lsf] Joj;fo agfpg ;dk"0f{ lhNnfafl;x?df
    bzseGbf nfdf] ;dob]lv df}/Lkfng ug{] ul/Psf] 5 . sfFqm] laxf/ df}/Lkfng
    Joj;fo ub}{ cfPsf ljb\ofk'/–( sf ;xsf/L ;+ : yfsf ;lrj k| ] d s' d f/ xflb{s cg'/f]w 5 .
    cu' j f ls;fg ltns l3ld/] o; cfrfo{n] ;xsf/Ldfkm{t\ sfo{of]hgf
    Joj;foaf6} cfTdlge{ ePsf] atfpF5g\ .
    jif{df rf/k6s ;fpg, c;f]h, d+l;/ /
    agfP/ df}/Lkfngsf gofF ;Defljt If]q,
    dxsf] pTkfbg / ahf/Ls/0ftkm{ sfd
    vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{
    h]7 dlxgfdf dx ;Íng ug{ ul/G5 .
    cu' j f ls;fg l3ld/] n ] jif{ d f Ps
    lSjG6neGbf a9L dx pTkfbg ug]{ u/]sf
    ug]{ tof/Ldf /x]sf] atfP .
    lhl6h]8 ;+:yfn] dWoklZrdsf
    s}nfnL, Ko"7fg, bfª / ;'v]{t lhNnfdf
    l8lehg sfof{no
    5g\ . dx ;Íng ug'e { Gbf klg klxn] g} ;dfj]zL cfly{s ljsf; sfo{qmd - eQmk' /
    u|fxsn] clu|d a'lsª ug{] ePsfn] dxsf] OGs'n8' _ kl/of]hgf ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 .
    /fatOfc @@ 7h
    ] vfzj} nf; *^)@ 6

    ˆ
    cfˆgf] e"lddf >d u/]/ hLjgnfO{
    pGgltsf] dfu{ d f lxF 8 fpg ;s]
    k/b]zdf >d a]Rg] /x/ ;fob s;}nfO{
    gxf]nf / g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf b]lvPsf]
    k/b]zLsf] cj:yf
    sxnfPsf lyP . ug{, dflnsn] eg]sf] gdfg] sfdaf6
    hg;+Vofsf] @)% g]kfnL lab]zL e"lddf
    /x]sf 5g\ ;+lawfg lgdf{0fsf] nflus'g}
    ;ldltn] k|jf;L g]kfnL;+u ;'emfa
    ;Nnfxsf] of]hgf Nofpg ;s]g . k|jf;df
    l;h{gfsf y'·f
    Tof] cfjfh dGb 5 t/ ;To 5
    To; kl5sf] lbgdf ef/tLo uf]vf{ lgsfNg] wlDs lbg] h:tf dfgl;s
    las[ltn] ubf{ /fi6« lgdf{0fsf] vDaf /x]/ x/]s g]kfnLn] cfw'lgs / ;Da[b lbK; zfx
    ;}lgsdf g]kfnLsf] elt{ v'Nnf u/]kl5 oftgf lbg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . sfd
    dflgPsf] o'jf zlSt lbglbg} ljb]lzg' g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] nflu Pp6f OF§f cfk"m
    kg]{ cj:yfsf] l;h{gf ePsf] xf] .
    k|;:t dfqfdf g]kfnLx¿ ef/tLo ug{a;]sf] 3/ dflnsn] s'6lk6 u/L
    klg aGg ;sf} eGg] rfxgf /fv]sf 5g\ Roft]/ em08f nuf}6F L nufpg]x¿ xf] ÛÛ
    la|l6; ;}lgsdf elt{ x'gsf] nflu dfg]{ u/]sf] 36gf klg cfpg] u/]sf] em08fn] nfh 9fSt}g s;}u/L
    ;dosf] ult ;Fu} cfˆg' cfly{s . Tof] cj:yfsf] of]hgf agfpg] jf
    lab]l;g] qmd a9\of] clg To;} a]nf 5 . /f]huf/bftfn] tf]s] cg';f/ tna
    cj:yf klg ;'wf/ ub}{ n}hfg' kg]{ g]kfnnfO{ ;w}F ;Í6u|:t b]zdf dfq 6f+ud'gL clNemg'sf] lajztfdf
    b]lv g} ljleGg d'ns ' df >dsf] nflu glbg], a:g] 7fpFsf] cj:yf c;fWo
    cfj:ostfnfO{ hf] sf]xL r]tgl;n ;Lldt /fvL ljb]zaf6 hgtfn] cfh{gsf]
    g]kfnL hfg] qmd a9\of] . k+rfotL bogLo x'g,] kf;kf]6{ dflnsn] g} /fVg] pm t cfFkm}F nfhn] l;Ëf] o'u ?G5 ?jfpF5
    dflg;n] a' e m] s f] x' G 5 / b} l gs sdfO{nfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ cfˆgf]
    zf;gsf] cGt kl5 ;g\ !(*( kl5 h:tf sfo{ klg x'g] u/]sf] 5 . k|fo
    pkef]Uo a:t' b]lv lnP/ :jf:Yo,
    vf8L b]z ;fpbL c/a, stf/, o" P h;f] g]kfnL sfdbf/ ljb]zaf6 kms{bf
    :jfy{kl" t{ ul//xg] xf] Tof] g]tfx¿ s} gla;{ em08f xftd} prflng' k5{
    lzIff, ufF;, af;, skf; ;a} dfgjLo larf/df e/ kg{] ePsf] 5 .
    cfj:ostf k'/f ug{;Sg] s'g} pkfo
    O df g]kfnL sfdbf/x¿ n}hfg z'? zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s /f]u lnP/
    o; jif{ g]kfnsf] cf}wf]lus cfly{s clg kf] ua{n] kmx/fpF5
    ePsf] kfOG5 . ;g\ !((^ df z'? kms{g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . lab]zdf sfd pm xfF:5 / ;a}nfO{ ;'xfpF5 .
    cfˆgf] ;fd' gb]v] kl5 cfly{s hu]8f a[lbb/ !.$& sf] b/n] a9\g] cfzf
    ePsf] tTsflng g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] ubf{ ljb]zsf] cfw'lgstfsf] af/]df
    ug{sf] lgldQ afWo eP/ k/b]zL e'ld ul/Psf] ePtf klg Tof] nIo k'/f x[bodf sf]9 af]s/] lxF8g\ x] ¿ xf] ÛÛ
    hgo'4af6 clwsf+; snsf/vfgf sfdbf/nfO{ 1fg gxF ' b f ;8s
    tfSg' kg]{ ePsf] xf] . x'g] l:ylt 5}g . pBf]usf sfdbf/sf]
    pBf]u aGb x'g yfn] kl5 a]/f]huf/L b' 3 { 6 gfdf Hofg u' d fpg' k/] s f] ;'lsnf] ;'6n] dxfdf/L /f]St}g s;}u/L
    g] k fndf b] z sf] ljsf; ug{ Hofnfdf c;Gt'li6 ePsf]n] ;dfg
    ;d:of a9\g uof] clg vf8Ld'ns ' df cTolws 5 eg] sfd ubf{ ;DalGwt
    axfgfdf /fhgLlts bnx¿ cfk;L
    hfg] sfdbf/sf] ;+Vof a9\g yfn]sf] sfdsf] /fd|f] cg'ej gx'Fbf klg sfdsf] ;dfg Hofnf x'gk' g]{ / dx+uL p;f]/ 1fgLx¿ eG5g\
    ;Qfsf] n' 5 fr' 8 Ldf nfu] k l5 a9] cg';f/ Hofnf b/ a9\g' kg]{ dfu
    g]kfnLx¿sf] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg
    b]lvG5 . clxn] vf8L b]zx¿df dfq b'36{ gfdf k/L g]kfnLsf] Hofg uPsf] dxfgu/sf] n'tf]u:| t s's/' sDtL xflgsf/s,
    nueu * nfv g]kfnL sfdbf/ /x]sf 5 . g] k fnLx¿ ljleGg sf/0fn] /fVb} cfGbf] n g ug{ y fn] kl5
    ug{sg' } klg ;/sf/L lgsfo ;Ifd
    5g\ eg] o'PO{ df dfq ! nfv #) lab]l;bf klg sfdsf] af]em tyf pBf]ux¿df aGb ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf :j:y x[bo af]sL ulNnsf] s'gfdf
    gePsf]n] hgtfdf lg/f;f ePsf] cfPsf] 5 . km]/L klg pBf]u Joj;fo 5fnfsf] n'tf] Sjf{Sjf{/ sGofpF5
    xhf/ sfdbf/ 5g\ / $%% sfdbf/ kfl/jfl/s c;Gt':6Ln] ubf{ hLjg
    cj:yf{ xf] dfgjLo lasfzsf] qmddf w/f;foL aGb} hfg] / cem} b]zdf
    sG6«S;gsf] sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . b]lv lg/f; eO{ cfTdxTof ug]s { f] ;+Vof lgota; csf]n { fO{ ;fb}g{
    a9\bf] cJojl:yt hg;+Vofn] ubf{ a]/f]huf/L ;d:of a9\g hfg] lglZrt
    ljleGg !* b]zdf sfd ug{ cg'dlt klg a9]sf] kfOG5 . vf8L d'n'sdf
    pTkfbg ePsf] hgzlSt kl/rfng
    cg';f/ g]kfnL sfdbf/ k|jf;df /x]sf %)–%% l8u|Lsf] udL{sf] sf/0fn] Hofg 5 . g]kfnsf] cy{tGqnfO{ wfGgsf] NofkNofk rf6]/ cfFkm}F lgsf] agfpF5 .
    ug{;Sg] vfnsf s'g} of]hgf kl/rfng nflu ;a} eGbf a9L /f]huf/Lsf] nflu
    ug{g;Sg' /fli6«o ;d:of xf] . clwsf+z
    5g\ hDdf $) b]zx¿df g]kfnL sfd, u'dfPsf 5g\ eg] sltn] k'aL{ d'ns ' sf] ha ;Gt'i6Lsf] t/+un] slDkt
    cWoog tyf Joj;fosf] nflu 5l/P/ lr;f]df af]On/ nufP/ ;'t] kl5 g]kfnLsf] ynf] ef/t hxfFaf6 cfpg]
    ufpF3/af6 h]gt]g pRr lzIff xfl;n
    /x]sf 5g\ . laxfg d[t cj:yfdf e]l6Psf 5g\ . /sd ef? g]kfndf klg rNg] u5{ / v'zLsf em+sf/n] k|km'lNnt
    u/L /f]huf/Lsf] nflu k|df0fkqsf] 7]nL Tof] afx]s g} @)!) df $ #.% c/a em'k8Lsf
    g]kfnLx¿ Pl;of tyf vf8L sltko b]zx¿df g]kfnLx¿ lagf
    af] s ] / ef} t fl//x] s f x/] s o' j fn] g]kfn /fi6« a}s + sf] cfzf u/]sf] lyof]
    d'n'sx¿ l;+ufk'/, a|'gfO{, x+us+u, sf/0f h]n hLjg latfpg afWo 5g\ ;DkGg ‰ofªKjfnn]
    sdfpg] uGtAo k/b];nfO{ g} 7fg]sf eg] @)!! df % c/a 8n/ lelqg]
    dn]l;of, ;fpy sf]l/of, tfOjfg, eg] slt g]kfnLx¿ e'na; u/]sf]
    x'G5g . g]kfndf k}t[s ;Dkltdf
    dsfp, ;fpbL c/a, s'a]t cf]dfg ulNtsf] ;hfo lab]zL sf/fuf/df nIo /fv]sf] 5 . g]kfndf lelqg] :j0f{jgsf lakGgtfnfO{ lh:SofpF5
    df]hd:tL ug{kfPsf yf]/} k|lt;t
    g]kfnL afx]s ;a} h;f] cWofog
    stf/, o" P O, ax/fOg, hf]8g{ h:tf ef]lu/x]sf 5g\ . sf]l/ofdf g]kfnLsf] /sdn] /fi6«sf] nflu cy{tGqsf] d'Vo nfh cfFkm}F pld|gk' g]{ xf] cQ/L klx/gsf] rdsdf
    b]zx¿df d];g, sfk{G6/, k]G6/ k|j]zsf] Oltxf; eg] w]/} nfdf] 5}g . e"ldsf t v]ns ] f] g} x'G5 . cem g]kfndf
    qmddf g} /f] h uf/Lsf] lrGtfn]
    On]lS6«l;og, 8«fOe/, knDa/ h:tf !(() sf] bzs kl5 g]kfnLx¿ ePsf :s'n sn]h c:ktfn tyf
    t/ o:tf] gx'bF f]/x]5 ,,
    lk/f]n]sf] x'G5 . cfFvf klg t alGb5g sfnf] lzzfleq Û
    sfd ug]{ u/]sf 5g\, xfn} s]xL eg] sf]l/of k|j]z u/] . xfn sf]l/ofdf pTkfbgzLn pBf]unfO{ ;d]t 6]jf
    /fi6« u[xo'4df km;]kl5 ;/sf/
    l6r/, 8fS6/ OlGhlgo/ sDKo'6/ eg] !%))) hlt g]kfnL sfdbf/ k'¥ofPsf] 5, /fd|f] cfDbfdL ePsf] xf] ToxL cGwsf/df
    rnfpg]x¿n] o'jfx¿nfO{ plrt
    OlGhlgo/, tyf 6]lSgsn;DaGwL /x]sf 5g\ / sf]l/ofdf cfP/ s'g} g kl/jf/n] dfq cfˆgf aRrfnfO{ /fd|f]
    /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf ug's { f] ;§f bdgsf]
    sfddf klg hfg] u/]sf 5g\ . To:t} s'g} /f]u gaf]sL kms{g] g]kfnL ;fob} :s'n sn]hdf egf{ ug{;S5 clg cfFvf 8'as] f]5
    gLlt lnPkl5 bf]xf]/f] le8Gtsf]
    rk]6faf6 aRg xtfl/b} ljb]z k:g]
    g]kfnLx¿ k'jL{ b]zx¿df ci6«l] nof, xf]nfg . pRr cfjfhn] sfgsf] ;'Gg] :s'nn] cfDbfgL ug]{ cj;/ kfp5, x[bo s'lxPsf]5
    Go'lhNof08, lkmlnlkG;, hfkfg, o"/f]kdf zlSt 36\g', cfFvfsf] Hof]lt u'Dg', sdfO{ gePsf kl/jf/n] cfˆgf em08f Wof{WoftL{ RofltPsf]5 .
    xf]8 g} rNg yfNof] / w/} h;f]
    o's,] hd{g, k|mfG;, l:jh/NofG8, / ux| f } + sfdn] 9f8 sDd/ gzf aRrfnfO{ ;fwf/0f :s'ndf g} ;Lldt
    g]kfnLx¿ eg] @)$^ ;fn b]lv ha ;+:sf/sf] u/LaLdf
    /l;of, pQ/ cd]l/sfsf] o"P;P, nufotsf] ;d:of lgs} 5 . o:t} u5{ / 3/df sdfO{ ug]{ sf]xL gx'bF f
    ha b] z df hgtfsf] clwsf/
    Sofgf8f, pQ/L b]zsf] lkmgNof08 / lb3{ s fnLg afx] s klg g] k fnL k9\g g;s]/ dhb'/L u/L afFRg afWo lrGtgsf] bl/b|tfdf
    ;'lglZrtfsf] nflu cfGbf]ngx¿ eP
    :jL8]g h:tf b]zx¿df g]kfnLx¿ /x]sf sfdbf/sf sf]l/ofdf cg]s ;d:of g]kfnL k|;:t 5g\ . /f]un] u|l;t x'bF f
    clg hgtfnfO{ xltof/ agfP/
    5g\ . pSt b]zx¿df cWoogsf] nflu 5g . s8f kl/>d ug{k' g]{ Tof] cg';f/ :jfF7x¿sf] hUhuL 5
    /fhgLltdf cu'jf x'g] af7f 6f7fx¿n] pkrf/ vr{ gxF'bf Hofg u'dfpg
    g} zlSt / ;fdYo{sf] b'¿kof]u u/L
    tyf Joj;fosf] nflu hfg] / ToxfFsf] Hofnf kfpg g;Sg' h:tf ;d:of k/]sf] cj:yfdf sf]xL k/b]zdf 5 / abdfzx¿sf] lrRofx6 5
    gful/stf lnO{ :yfoL a;f]af; ug{] j}b]l;s /f]huf/df b]lvg] u/]sf] 5 . vr{ k7fp5 eg] /fd|f] c:ktfndf TolxFlg/
    cfˆg' b'g' ;f]‰ofpg] / k|;:t ;Dklt
    u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfnLx¿ k/b]z nfUg' kg]{ d'Vo pkrf/ u/L Hofg arfpm 5g\ clg
    hf]8\g yfn] . Tolt a]nf g} g]kfnL eUg cfFugsf] l8nd'gL
    emG8} &) xhf/ g]kfnL ef/tLo sf/s g]kfnL /fhgLlts las[lt g} dfq c:ktfn / 8fS6/sf] klg
    hgtfx¿ elj:osf] vf] l h ub} {
    ;]gfdf sfo{/t 5g\ eg] nfvfF} g]kfnL xf], s'g} klg ;r]t g]kfnL ljs[t g]kfnL cfDbfgL x'g] dfWod ag]sf] x'G5, Ps s]xL cfFvfdf rds 5
    k/b]zsf] e'ld tfSg' k/]sf] oyfy{ xfd|f]
    ljleGg k]zfdf ef/tdf sfd ul//x]sf /fhgLltsf] lrGtgaf6 c5'tf] /xg 5fs klg vfg wf}–wf} kg]{ kl/jf/n]
    ;fd' k| : 6 5 . b] z sf] lau| b f]
    5g\ . g]kfnL ;/sf/L 8f6f cg';f/ ;Sb}g olta]nf g]kfndf ;+ljwfg ;Ë} u'Ghgklg 5
    cj:yfsf] kmfObf p7fpb} dgk/L sdfO{ ug]{ sf]xL k/b]zdf eP /fd|f]
    zf;g ug{' / /f:6«sf] 9's6' L l/Tofpg]
    emG8} %)% g]kfnL a]/f]huf/ 5g\ . lgdf{0fsf] nflu g]kfnL hgtfn] r'g/] nufpg] / ld7f] vfg] u5{ clg dfq :j/df ;'l/nf]kg 5
    h;df x/]s jif{ emG8} $ nfv g]kfnL k7fPsf g]tfx¿ ;+ljwfg n]vgdf
    sfddf zf;sx¿ ;lqmo x'g yfn] .
    /f]huf/sf] nflu ljb]lzg] u5{ . emG8} Jo:t 5g\ eGg] s'/f k|jf;L g]kfnLn]
    pkef]Qf a9] eg] Jofkf/ Aoa;fo xf] dGb 5 t/ ;To 5 .
    g]kfndf zflGt ;'/Iffsf] Uof/]G6L gx'g,' pwf]u ug{ ;a}n] cfDbfgL ug{kfPsf Tof] cfjfh eGb}5 ls em08f xftd} prflng'k5{ clg
    !.% nfv g]kfnL /f]huf/sf] nflu geO{ a'em]sf 5g\ . /f:6«sf] cy{tGqsf]
    dx+uLn] ubf{ ;j{;fwf/0fn] ahf/df x'G5g / g]kfndf l6Sg ;Sg] cj:yfsf]
    cGo k];fsf] nflu aif]{gL lab]l;g] cj:yf cToGt} gfh's xFb' f klg lab]zL kf] ua{n] kmkm{fpF5
    s'g} a:t' vl/b ug{g;Sg', s[lifk|wfg ;[hg{ f x'G5, cGoyf ;a}n] cfˆgf] k];f
    u5{ . g]kfndf h]gt]g kl/jf/ kfNgsf] sfdbf/n] /ut kl;gf aufP/
    b]z eg]/ lrlgP klg ls;fgn] pTkfbg
    nflu emG8} #)/$) xhf/ g]kfnLn] sdfPsf] k};faf6 /]ld6\ofG; c;'n u/L 5f8]/ ljb]z knfPg x'gk' g]{ cj:yf pm xfF:5 / ;a}nfO{ ;'xfpF5 .
    u/]sf a:t'n] ahf/df efp gkfpg', cfp5, To;}n] k|jf;L sfdbf/sf] e/
    bnfnx¿sf] rnv] n n] ubf{
    dfq sfd kfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . vf8L cfˆg' sdfO{ ;'/lIft /fv]sf g]tfx¿n]
    gk/L :jb]zdf ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLnfO{ ;'ljwf
    Tof] cfjfhdf ;'l/nf]kg 5
    d'n'sdf dfq emG8} * nfv g]kfnL /fi6« lgdf{0fsf] uDeL/ 38Ldf knfO{g xf] dGb 5 t/ ;To 5 .
    pkef]Qmfn] ;dfg vl/b ubf{ dxFuf] ;DkGg agfpgsf] nflu /f]huf/sf]
    sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;fpbL c/asf] ePsf /fi6« lgdf{0fsf dha't vDaf
    ltg'{ kg]{, ahf/ cg'udg ug{ /
    clgoldttfsf] lgoGq0f ug{ lgsfo
    g} sld;gsf] v]ndf nfu]/ :jfy{n6' g\
    /fhb'tfaf;n] x]g{ stf/df ;d]t u/L
    @ nfveGbf a9L g]kfnL sfdbf/
    5g\ . &) xhf/ g]kfnL x+us+udf 5g\
    dflgg] o' j f zlStnfO{ g] k fnsf]
    ;+ljwfgdf s;/L ;Daf]wg ug]{ 5 Tof]
    x]ga{ fFsL g} 5 clxn];Dd /f]huf/Lsf]
    ;[hg{ f ug{ klxnf] cfj:ostf xf], To;}n]
    g]kfndf pTkflbt ;fdfgsf] ahf/
    vf]Hg] / pTkfbsnfO{ plrt d"No
    uhn
    lt/ g} of]hgf agfpg yfNg', lgod lbnfpg] k|of; :j¿k ;/sf/n] of]hgf /f] z g
    eg] ljleGg d'ns ' df u}/ sfg'gL ¿kdf nflu ljb]z knfPg ePsf g]kfnLx¿
    / sfg'gsf] pNn+3g ug{nfO{ sf/jfxL tTsfn nfu' ug{' k5{ / g]kfndf aGb}
    sfd ug]{sf] ;+Vof olsg x'g ;s]sf] g]kfn kmsL{ ;Sg] s'g} jftfj/0f aGg
    ug]{ lgsfo lgl:qmo /xg', ck/fw u/]sf] ;+lawfgdf o'afx¿sf] plrt
    36L/xF b f yfxf kfpbf ;d] t
    5}g . o"=s]= / o"=P;=P= df cWoogsf] ;s]sf] 5}g . To;sf] pN6f] cem o'jf d'v aGb x'Gg slxNo} lsg x'G5 g]kfn aGb
    nflu aflxl/Psf g]kfnL g]kfn kms{s ] f] knfPg x'g] qmd a9\bf] 5 . of] cj:yf ;Daf]wg ub}{ :jb]zdf sfd ug{rfxg]
    ;'/IffsdL{sf] pkl:ylt gx'g,' ;/sf/L
    e]l6g b'ne { x'g yfn]sf] 5 . ljb]zaf6 b]znfO{ dfof ug{ hf] ;'ss } f] nflu o'jfnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL k|fT] ;fxg u/L vfg] d/L/f5g\ lsg x'G5 g]kfn aGb
    gf]s/LnfO{ ;]jfsf] efjgfn] gx]/L u/fpg] gLlt lng' h?/L 5 .
    /sd g]kfn k7fpg] ljleGg b]zdf b'vsf] laifo xf] . xfn emG8} g]kfnL
    sdfpg] ynf] dfq eGg] a' ‰ g]
    sd{rf/Lsf] r]tgfn] ubf{, ;/sf/n]
    sd{rf/L dfq cfˆg' hgtf / afFsL
    u/L emG8} $) eGbf a9L /]ld6\ofG;
    sDklg ePtfklg cfwfh;f] g]kfnLn] d] dlxgfdf ko{6sx¿sf] pNn]vgLo a[l4
    sf7df8f}F . ko{6s jif{ @)!! sf] d] k|mfG;]nL ko{6sx¿ -#&=( k|ltzt_ n],
    x'gv
    ] fg]nfO{ x'Gg c;/ g t c;/ ;/sf/nfO{
    hgtfnfO{ ljkIfdf /fv]/ x]g{] z}nLsf]
    x'08Lsf] dfWodaf6 g]kfndf /sd >dhLjL ef]s} ef5g lsg x'G5 g]kfn aGb
    k7fpg] u/] s f 5g\ . g] k fndf dlxgfdf g]kfn e|d0fdf cfpg] ko{6sx¿df O6flnPg ko{6sx¿ -#$=* k|ltzt_ n],
    sf/0fn] klg g]kfn ;/sf/af6 g]kfnL pNn]vgLo a[l4 ePsf] 5 . lqe'jg l:jl8; ko{6sx¿ -@%=# k|ltzt_ n], l:j;
    /]ld6\ofG; leq\ofpg] a}s + x¿df g]kfn
    o'jfn] s'g} cfzf ug{] 7fpF /x]sf] 5}g . ladfg:ynsf] cWofudg sfof{nosf cg';f/ ko{6sx¿ -%&=! k|ltzt_ n], /l;og
    /fi6« a}+s, g]kfn afl0fHo a}+s, g]lan OGwg cefj d'No j[l4 pWof]u ;a} ;'ls;s]
    g]kfndf /f]huf/sf] nflu /fhgLlts ut aif{sf] clk|n dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf o; ko{6sx¿ -#!=^ k|ltzt_ n], ci6«l] nog
    a}+s, h:tf a}+sx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . oL
    bnsf] sfo{stf{ x'g'kg]{ jf g]tfsf] aif{ pNn]vgLo ¿kdf $&=! k|ltzt - ko{6sx¿ -%#=@ k|ltzt_ n], Go"hLNof08sf cy{tGq 8fdf8f]n 5 lsg x'G5 g]kfn aGb
    a}+s dfkm{t\ g]kfn ;/sf/n] aflif{s
    cfkmGt x'gk' g]{ ePsf]n] klg afFsL #(!&( ofq'_n] a9]sf] 5 . o; aif{sf] d] ko{6sx¿ bf]Aa/eGbf a9L -!@(=& k|ltzt_
    c/af} /sd leq\ o fP/ g] k fnsf] dlxgfdf ef/tLo ko{6sx¿ -&*=$ n], cd]l/sL ko{6sx¿ -!(=$ k|ltzt_ n]
    o'jf /fHosf] e/ gk/L k/b]zsf] af6f]
    cy{tGq l6sfPsf] 5 . k|ltzt_ n], >Ln+sfnL ko{6sx¿ -#!=^ tyf Sofgf8faf6 -!#=% k|ltzt_ n] a4L
    nfUg afWo ePsf x'g . cfk\mgf] :jfy{ k'/f ug{ b]z 8'afpg] rng eof]
    g]kfnL dlxnfx¿ ljleGg b]zdf k|ltzt_ n], kfls:tfgL ko{6sx¿ -@$=! ePsf] 5 . o; aif{ blIf0f Pl;of tyf cGo
    g]kfnLx¿ ljb]lzPsf] Oltxf; x]bf{
    sfd ug]{sf] ;+Vof nueu % nfv k|ltzt_ n], rLgLofF ko{6sx¿ bf]Aa/ g} - Pl;ofnL d'ns ' ;lxt laZje/af6 g]kfn s'kf]if0fsf] /f]uL b]zdf lsg x'G5 g]kfn aGb
    ;a} eGbf klxnf ;g !*!$–
    /x]sf] 5 . dlxnfx¿n] sfdsf] nflu !)!=! k|ltzt_ n], dn]l;og ko{6sx¿ e|d0fdf cfpg] ko{6sx¿df pNn]vgLo a[l4
    !*!%g]kfn la|l6; O+l8of n8fO{+ kl5
    ef]Ug' kg]{ ;d:ofx¿ k'?ifsf] t'ngfdf bf]Aa/eGbf a9L -!#$=# k|ltzt_ n], ePsf] pSt tYofs+n] b]vfPsf] 5 . hgj/L
    ef/t, k~hfasf] pQ/L e]udf nfxf}/
    cem a9L x'g] u/]sf] 5 dlxnf lx+;fdf yfO{ko{6sx¿ bf]Aa/eGbf a9L -!!%=& b]vL clk|n;Dd g]kfn e|d0fdf cfpg]
    zx/df ;]s /fhfx /l~ht l;+u' sf]
    zf/Ll/s zf]ifg a9L x'g] u/]sf] 5 . k|ltzt_ n], l;+ufk"/ -&*=# k|ltzt_, blIf0f ko{6sx¿df @@=( k|ltzt cyf{t :s'n sn]h snsf/vfgf ahf/ ;w} aGb x'g]
    l;kfO{sf] ¿kdf elt{ eO{ nfp/] sf]l/ofnL ko{6sx¿ -($=! k|ltzt_ n], @)*,!#& ko{6sx¿ a[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 .
    vf8L d'ns ' df dlxnfx¿nfO{ lsga]r o'jf laxLg eO;Sof] b]z lsg x'G5 g]kfn aGb
    7 /fatOfc t]u @@ 7h
    ] nf; *^)@
    ˆ xh ;ldltsf] a'waf/sf] a}7sn] k|To]s k6s ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yk dfgj clwsf/ ;ldltn] & jif{cl3 /f/fcGtu{t ;f] !! j6f lhNnfaf6
    hgtf====
    lxdaxfb'/ u'?ª, ;/f]h ah|frfo{
    ePgg . ;'?df dfu /fVg] Psdfq
    tfn'sbf/ /x]sf] g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ xh ug{rfxg]n] c;f/ d;fGt;Dd ubf{ Pdfcf]jfbLn] dfq 7"nf] d"No g]kfndf ePsf] u}/sfg'gL y'gfsf /f/f hf]8\g 6]«n lgdf{0f sfo{ug{
    ljhodl0f cfrfo{ k|jL0f vgfn, kjg pl5Gb} !$ ;fFemb]lv dw];L df]rf{n] ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf r'sfpg'kg]{ / c¿ /ldt] aGg] ;+:sf/ af/]df k"j{k|wfg;]gfklt ?sdf+ut nfluPsf] xf] . cfufdL cfly{s jif{
    vgfn km/f/ 5g\ . klg cgf}7f dfux¿ k]z ug{yfNof] . %) xhf/ ¿k}ofF hDdf u/fO{ b/vf:t a:of] eg] km]l/ csf]{ tLg dlxgfkl5 s6'jfndfly cg';Gwfg ug{ lgb]z { g ah]6df 6]«nsf nflu dfq} emG8} %
    o; afx]s g]kfn ljsf; a}+ssf tL dfusf laifodf klg 7f]; ;xdlt kmf/fd el/;Sg'kg]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] cWoIf s] xf]nf , o; laifodf Pdfcf]jfbL lbPsf] 5 . )^! ;fn a}zfv !& ut] s/f]8 ah]6sf] dfu ul/Psf] 5 .
    s]xL ;+rfnsnfO{ klg sf/jfxL ug'k{ g]{ geO{ …km]; ;]leªÚ ug{ lx;fjn] hfls/ x';}gn] atfP . …hlt l56f] g]t[Tj ;r]t aGg' knf{ ls . afFs]sf o'j/fh lu/LnfO{ ;]gfn] ;f+:s[lts, P]ltxfl;s / k|fs[lts
    ePsfn] ;"rL l56} ;fj{hlgs ug{ ;xdltsf a'bF fdf pNn]v ul/of] . ¿k xh ug{ hfg] ofqLsf] ;+Vof olsg bishnupanta010@gmail.com u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fv]/ oftgf lbPsf] ;Dkbfsf] k|r'/ ;Defjgfsf vKt8
    /fi6« a}+sn] tof/L u/]sf] 5 . t/ kIfdf x]bf{ g]kfnL sf+u; ]| / dw];jfbL x'G5, Tolt g} l56f] af; / xjfO{
    l6s6sf] Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lhnf]
    e|i6frf/L=== ljifodf k/]sf] ph'/Ldfly km};nf ub}{
    ;ldltn] 36gfsf bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{nfO{
    If]q, hxfF vKt8 afafsf] af;:yfg,
    dgdf]xs kmfF6, ljleGg lsl;dsf
    /fi6«js+} n] sf/jfxLsf l;kmfl/; u/]sf bnn] cl3 ;f/]sf dfusf laifodf sfg'gL Joa:yf 5 . d}gfnLn] t ;fdfg
    / k'ln;n] jf/]G6 hf/L u/]sf oL 7f]; ;xdlt ePsf] b]lvGg . o;sf] x'G5,Ú ;b:o ;lrj cAb'n snfd cg';Gwfg u/L sf/jfxL ug{ g]kfn hl8a'6L tyf hgfj/sf nflu k|l;4
    vfFn] eg] . d'l:nd d'lSt df]rf{sf vl/b ug] { / k' o fpg] ljifodf ;/sf/nfO{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] xf] . dflgG5 . c5fdsf] /fdf/f];g tfn
    ljlQo ck/fwLx¿ /fhwfgLs} tf/] l;wf cy{ /fhgLlt¿kdf pgLx¿n] dGqfnosf] s] e"ldsf /xG5 eGg]
    xf]6ndf r':sL nufpFb}, g]tfsf b}nf] Iflt Aoxf]/]s} xf] . t/ /fhgLlts ;x;+Vof]hs ctx/ x';}g kmf?sLn] lu/Ldfly oftgf lbPsf] a]nf s6'jfn !@ ag8 !* v08sf ¿kdf kl/lrt
    c¿ b]zaf6 xh ug{hfg]sf] 6'+uf] ;DaGwdf cfkm'nfO{ yfxf gePsf] / tTsfnLg zfxL g] k fnL ;] g fsf] 5 . To:t} b}n]v x'Fb} ;'v]{t / s}nfnL
    wfpFb} cfk"mnfO{ arfpg] cleofgdf ahf/df pgLx¿nfO{ s;n] …JoflsªÚ sfg'gL ¿kdf k|x/L k|d'vnfO{ g}
    5g\ . k|x/L eg] vf]hL hf/L /x]sf] ul//x]sf] lyof] eGg] rrf{ ;'? ePsf] nflu;s]sfn] xfhLsf] kmf/fd e/fpg dWoklZrd k[tgfklt lyP . lu/Lsf] lhNnf;Fu ;Ldf hf]l8Psf] s0ff{nL gbL
    l9nfO{ ug{gx'g] ts{ u/] . O:nfdL kfqf] clwsf/ /x]sf] atfO/x]sf 5g\ . u}/sfg'gL y'gfaf6 kl/jf/df ;d]t ¥oflˆ6ª ko{6 gsf nflu pko'St
    lg/Lx hjfkm lbP/ plDs/x]sf] 5 . 5 . vf;u/L Dofb ylkg' Ps k"j{u[x;lrj pd]z d}gfnLn] eg]
    ;j{;fwf/0fsf] /sd lxgfldgf u/L ;ftfcl3 b]lv sf7df8f}F+df c•f lxh/L ;Djtsf] lhlNxHhf dlxgfdf dfgl;s c;/ k/] s fn] To;sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . g]kfnLefiffsf] pbud
    x/]s jif{ ljZje/sf d'l:ndx¿ kmf];a| s ' nf]gsf] Pp6f sfg'g x'g] / Ifltk"lt{ lbg klg lgb]z { g lbOPsf] ynf]sf ¿kdf lrlgg] h'Dnfsf] l;+hf
    nfe lng] x ¿nfO{ s;' / x] / L hdfPsf ef/tLo u'Ktr/ ;+:yf kmf];a| s' nf]g eg]/ e'StfgL cfkm}+ hfg]
    h/Ljfgfb] l v h] n rnfg;Dd …/cÚsf ;lrj cfnf]s hf];L / h]7 xhsf nflu dSsfdlbgf hfG5g\ . of] 5 . /fhwfgLdf kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L g] k fnL P] l txfl;stfsf] w/f] x /
    jif{ g]kfnaf6 sflQs bf];|f] ;ftf ljifo gePsf] atfPsf 5g\ . d}gfnLn] lbOPsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/ km};nfdf dflgG5 . k"jk{ l§ /x]sf] ljZjs} ulx/f]
    ug{;lsg] sfg'gL k|fjwfg 5 . t/ !$ sf] dWofXg sf7df8f}F cfOk'u]sf ;fjh{lgs vl/b P]gcg';f/ ;fdfg
    xfn;Dd 7"n} a}l+ sª s;'/ ug{ JolSt …/cÚsf k|dv ' n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb xhsf nflu hfg]5g\ . of] jif{ sl/a lu/Ldfly ePsf] oftgf tyf tfn z]–kmf]S;'G8f] ko{6sLo b[li6n]
    * ;o g]kfnL d'l:nd xhdf hfg] :jLsf/ u/]sfn] ;fdfgsf] u'0f:t/ b'/Jojxf/sf] k|efjsf/L tyf r':t ct' n gLo dflgG5 . ;' v ] { t sf]
    klg h]n rnfg ePsf] pbfx/0f 5}g . gykfpg' klxn] sf+u; ]| nfO{ / kl5Nnf] kl/If0f gu/L clGtd e'StfgL lbg
    cfly{s jif{ @)^&.)^* df /fi6« a}+s ;dodf dw] ; LnfO{ cl3 ;f/] s f] ;ldltsf] cg'dfg 5 . cg';Gwfg ug{ / ;'lglZrttf u/L sfFqm] laxf/, a'na'n tfn wfld{s tyf
    gkfOg] pgsf] egfO{ 5 . k|x/L oftgfdf lhDd]jf/ 7xl/PsfnfO{ !*) k|frLg dxTjsf sf/0f rlr{t 5g\ .
    / kmfOgfG; u/L !) j6fnfO{ sfjf{xL ts{ul/G5 . dw];L df]rf{n] cl3
    ;f/]sf ;]gfdf bz xhf/ dw];L
    ;/sf/sf]=== dxflg/LIfs 7s' / Ln] eg] lbgleq sf/jfxL ug{cfb]z lbOPsf] sfFq]mlaxf/ If]qdf ;fs{t/sf] If]qLo
    ePsf] /fi6« a}s+ n] hgfPsf] 5 . h;df …k|To]s /fd|f / cfbz{ zAbx¿sf] ;Demf}tfcg';f/ kmf];a| s ' nf]g ePsfn]
    tLghgf ;~rfns tyf Joj:yfks ;dfj]z ug{'kg]{, g]kfnsf] /fhwfgL 5 . s6'jfnnfO{ dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ljdfg:ynsf] ;DefJotf cWoog ug{
    k5fl8 kfv08Lk"0f{ ljrf/ n's]sf] cfkm"n] /f]Sg gldNg] ePsfn] e'StfgL
    kbaf6 x6fO{Psf 5g\ . o;afx]s jL/u~h ;fg'{kg]{, Ps dw]; Ps tTsnLg ;/sf/n] k|wfg;]gfklt of]hgf dGqL ljZjsdf{sf] 5 . …ko{6g
    x'G5 .Æ To;}n] t n]lggn] eg]sf lyP– lbOPsf] ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L
    sfjf{xLdf k/]sfnfO{ !% nfv @% xhf/ k|b]zdf tTsfn ;xdlt hgfpg'kg]{ kbaf6 avf{ : t u/] s f] d f jif{ ko{6gIf]qsf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf]
    æ;+;b\ eg]sf] v;Lsf] 6fpsf] e'm08fP/ u/fO;s]sf 5g\ . ;fdlu| vl/bsf
    h/Ljfgf ul/Psf] 5 . a}l+ sª s;"/df nufPtsf dfu cl3 ;f/]sf] lyof] . sf+u;]| ,Pdfn]h:tf bnsf] l;kmfl/zdf cj;/ klg ePsfn] ko{ 6 g
    ;'Fu'/sf] df;' a]Rg] :yn xf] .Æ ca qmddf @)^$ c;f/ ! b]lv @)^%
    sfjf{xL ug{ lgsfo /fi6« a}s + ePsfn] o;sf] cy{Dofb gylkof];\ eGg] g} /fi6| k lt 8f= /fdj/0f ofbjn] ;Defjgfsf] vf]hL;Fu;Fu} k"jf{wf/
    /fli6«o ;xdlto ;/sf/sf] s'/f ug]{ k'; !! ;Dd !% a}7s ePsf lyP .
    cGo dfkm{ pDs]sf] x'g ;Sg] /fi6« lyof] . t/, cGTodf tL ;j} dfudf c;+jw} flgs tl/sfdf k'gj{ fxnL u/]sf lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ klg cufl8 a9fpg'
    xf] eg] ylkPsf] tLg dlxgfleq k|ltj]bgsf] cg';r " L $ df ;dfj]z
    a}+ssf k|jtf{ efis/dl0f 1jfnL s'g} 7f]; ;xdlt geO{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] lyP . dfwj g]kfn g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/n] h?/L 5,Ú pgn] eg] .
    ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ aGg ;Snf t , gfdfjnLcg';f/ tLdWo] cfwfeGbf
    atfpg'x'G5 . a}+lsª If]qdf ;a}eGbf Dofb yKg sf+ u | ] ; /fhL eof] . s6'jfnnfO{ tSdf lbP/ lje'lift ug]{ ko{6g If]qsf] PsLs[t ljsf;
    ;xdltsf] /fu cnfKg] n ] klxnf a9L a}7sdf k"j{cfO{hL Zofdl;+x
    clgoldttf kl5 vf/]h ePsf] g]kfn bnx¿aLrsf] jftf{ n fO{ s] x La] / of]hgf agfPsf]df ;jf}R{ r cbfntn] tyf k|j4{gsf nflu b]ze/ !& j6f
    ;xdltsf] jftfj/0f agfpg'k¥of], s'/f yfkf, bLksl;+x yfªb]g, k"jL{ cfOhL
    ljsf; a}+s 8'afpg] JolStn] s'g} cNemfpg ;kmn ePklg dw];L df]rf{ /f]s]sf] lyof] . ko{66g ;]jf s]Gb| v8f ug]{ nIo
    dfq u/]/ k'Ub}g . bLkss' d f/ Ifi7, axfnjfnf
    sfjf{xL ef]u]sf 5}gg\ . vf/]hLsf] sf+u; ]| sf] ;fylagf zlStxLg b]lvof] . xfd|f] ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;+/rgf, 8LcfO{hL /d]zljqmd zfx, P;P;kL ko{6g=== cfufdL ah]6df lnOg] ePsf] 5,
    h;n] :yfgLo ko{6gsf] ;Defjgf /
    k|so[ fdf uPsf] ;Demgf kmfO{gfG;sf dw];L df]rf{n] dtbfgdf efu glnP dgf]lj1fg / k|j[lQx¿nfO{ ljZn]if0f /ljk|tfk /f0ff, P;kL dgf]h Gof}kfg], ¿kdf :yflkt ug]{ nIo dGqfnon]
    s'g} kbflwsf/L kqmfp k/]sf 5}gg\ . klg Dofb yknfO{ eg] :jfut u¥of] . lnPsf] 5 . o;cGtu{ t To;sf] ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos ah]6
    ug]{ xf] eg] ca ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ ;fhol;+x a:g]t, kLtfDa/ clwsf/L,
    /fhgLlts x:tIf]ksf sf/0f kqmfp of] lg0f{oaf6 ;+ljwfg;ef e+u u/]/ ;'b"/klZrdsf] 8f]6L lhNnfdf kg]{ tyf ;|ft] –;fwgsf] oyfy{ d"Nof+sg
    sl/a c;Dej h:t} 5 . ca klg 8LP;kL s[i0fk|;fb u'/fufO{+, xl/x/
    k/]sf klg 5'6\g] u/]sf 5g\ . ;|f]tsf ;"Gotfdf /fhgLlt ug{] ef/tLo vKt8 kmfF6b]lv c5fdsf] /fdf/f];g ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] ljZjf; dGqfnon]
    ;xdltsf] s'/f /fli6«o x'G5, 9f]u+ x'G5 z|i] 7, ljof{/fd z|i] 7, k|sfz clwsf/L,
    cg';f/ sltko a}+s tyf ljlQo u]dKnfg c;kmn ePsf] g]tfx¿n] tfn x'bF } s0ff{nL c~rnsf] sflnsf]6 lnPsf] 5 . ;fy} ;f]n'vDa'df /x]sf]
    / Jojxfl/s x'g ;Sb}g . lsgeg] k| x /L lg/Lifsx¿ ch' { g k| ; fb
    ;+ r fns /fhgLlts k[ i 7e" d Lsf bfjL u/]sf 5g\ . vf;u/L g]kfnL lhNnfdf kg{ kfrn em/gfaf6 Psdfq kj{tLo k|lti7fgnfO{ lj:tf/
    ;+ljwfg;efleq tLgj6f wf/ 5g\– ltldlN;gf, lbg]z s];L / nfnuf]ljGb
    ePsfn] sfjf{xL ug{ k|x/LnfO{ ;d:of sf+u; ]| sf dxfdGqL s[i0f l;6f}nf, g]tf /f/f;Dd 6]l« sª 6]n « lgdf{0f ug{ nIo u/L b]zJofkL kj{tLo;DaGwL tflnd
    cu|ufdL, k|ltufdL / oyfl:yltjfbL . z|]i7sf] ;xefuL b]vfOPsf] 5 .
    k/]sf] 5 . k|x/Ln] km/f/ eg]/ vf]hL v'daxfb'/ v8\sf tyf dw];L df]rf{sf dGqfnon] lnOPsf] 5 . oL ;a} /f/fsf] ;~rfng u/fpg] of] h gf klg
    s'g} Pp6f wf/n] cfTd;dk{0f gu/L tTsfnLg u[xdGqL s[i0fk|;fb l;6f}nf,
    ul//x]sf j}s + ;+rfnsx¿ sf7df8f}s F } h]kL u'Ktfx¿ s'g}klg xfntdf Dofb klZrd If]qdf k5{ . /f/fsf] pQ/L dGqfnosf] 5 .
    k"0f{ ;xdlt aGg ;Sb}g, a? of] vfnL tTsfnLg u[x;lrj pd]z d}gfnL,
    tf/] xf] 6 ndf uf] K o ldl6ªx¿ yKg gx'g] kIfdf lyP . /ft 9n]/ la/ansf] lvr8L dfq ;fljt x'G5 . tTsfnLg k|x/Ldxflg/LIfs cf]dljqmd v08sf] ko{6g uGtJodf x'Dnf / hg;]gfsf]===
    ul//xG5g t/ ;dfltPsf 5}gg\ . laxfgL pHofnf] x'Fb} hfFbf pgL / clxn] bnx¿larsf] 6s/fj /f0ff / x] d axfb' / u' ? ª\ , k| x /L rLgsf] ;LdfIf] q df kg] { s} n fz g]tfx¿sf] ;'/Iffdf vl6Psf Ps ;o
    rfn" cfly{s jif{df Pskl5 csf]{ pgLx¿nfO{ O;f/f ug{x] ¿ xfb}{ uPsf] dTyl/Psf] 5}g, a? emg\ rls{Psf] dxflg/LIfs /d]zrGb 7s'/Lsf] gfd dfg;/f]j/ 5, h'g lxGb" / af}4 ^ hgf hg;]gfnfO{ pgLx¿sf] gfd
    ub} { a} + s tyf ljQLo ;+ : yfdf jftf{df ;xefuL g]tfx¿n] ;'gfPsf 5 . ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ o; sf/0f d'l5Psf] 5 . To:t} cjsfzk|fKt wdf{jnDaLx¿sf wfld{s :ynsf btf{ /x]sf] lzlj/df k7fpg] tyf
    clgoldtf ug]{x¿sf] ;+Vof a9\g lyP . sf+u|]; g]tfx¿n] tLg bnaLr lj36g ug{ vf]lhFb} 5 ls ToxfF PcfO{hLkL Zofdl;+x yfkf, bLksl;+x ¿kdf kl/lrt 5 . /f/fsf] blIf0f sf7df8f}d + f btf{ /x]sfnfO{ zlStvf]/
    yfn]sf] 5 . laQLo ck/fw a9\g'df k| w fgdGqL emngfy vgfnn] cu|ufdL, /fi6«jfbLx¿sf] afx'Notf yfªb]g / bLk]Gb|axfb'/ lai6 k|x/L If]qaf6 hf]l8g] ko{6g uGtJodf lzlj/df k7fpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
    /fi6« a}+s g} a9L bf]ifL /x]sf] w]/}sf] Ps;ftfdf /fhLgfdf lbg] 5 . pgLx¿s} b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dt k'Ug] cltl/Q dxflg/Lifsx¿ sNof0fs'df/ h' D nfsf] l;+hf, b}n]v, ;'v]{tsf] pgLx¿;Fu /x]sf] Ps ;o yfg
    7DofO{ 5 . ljQLo ck/fwLx¿ km/f/ cgf}krfl/s ;xdlt ePsf] bfjL eon] w]/} 7"nf] nufgL u/]/ dw];L ltldlN;gf, ch{ ' g h+ u zfxL , sfq]mlaxf/ x'bF } klZrddf kg]{ s}nfnLsf] xltof/nfO{ zlStvf]/l:yt sG6]g/df
    /x]sf] cj:yfdf k'uk] l5 dfq sfjf{xLsf u/]sf 5g\ . t/, vgfnn] ;xdlt hgflwsf/ kmf]/dnfO{ k'm6fOof] . cjsfzk| f Kt k| x /L gfoa lr;fkfgL 5g\ . k"jI{ f]qdf 8f]Nkfsf] z]– /flvg]5 . a}7sn] ca n8fs"sf
    nflu kqfrf/ ug]{ u/]sf] /fi6« a}s
    + nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{df pgLx¿sf] cfz+sf To;af6 klg gk'u]sf] eP, g]skf dxflg/Lifsx¿ zf/bfeSt l/ht, kmf]S;'G8f] tfn / hfh/sf]6 lhNnf sdf08/x¿n] lzlj/sf ultljlw
    cf/f]k nfUg] u/]sf] 5 . xr'jfsf] e/df 5 . …/fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/sf Pdfn]nfO{ klg k'm6fOg] u[xsfo{ x'bF } ;'/]Gb|axfb'/ kfn, bLkss'df/ z|]i7 5g\ . rf/} If]qsf] ko{6g ;+ud :ynsf lgoldt ¿kdf ljz]if ;ldltdf
    a}+s tyf ljlQo ;+:yf v'Ng lbgfn] nflu ;+ljwfg;efsf] ylkPsf] tLg lyof] . s' g } klg xfntdf / lg/h k'g /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} k|x/L ¿kdf /f/fnfO{ ljsf; ug{nfluPsf] l/kf]l6{ª ug'k{ g]{ k|fjwfg agfPsf] 5 .
    klg o:tf] ;d:of cfPsf] eGg]x¿ dlxgfsf] Dofb ;lsg] a]nfdf dfq ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb gyKg] c8fgdf gfoa dxflg/LIfs /d]zljqmd zfx, ko{66g tyf gful/s p•og dGqL To;sf nflu dfcf]jfbL ;}Go sdf08/
    klg 5g\ . t/ /fi6« a}+ssf k|jQmf k| w fgdGqL vgfnsf] /fhLgfdf s] x L zlQmx¿ nfluk/] s } lyP . 6k] G b| W jh xdfn, gf/fo0fk| ; fb v8\uaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{n] atfP . …of] gGblszf]/ k'g kf;fªsf] sfof{no klg
    efis/dl0f kf]v/]n o;df ;xdt cfpg;Sg] cg'dfg 5 . kfFr a'Fb] oxfFlg/ s] a'‰g ;lsPsf] 5}g eg] M a:tfsf]6L / /fdgfyl;+x /x]sf 5g\ . lgoldt jflif{s of]hgf xf], xfn rfn" ;ldltsf] ;lrjfnodf /flvg]5 .
    x'g'x'Gg . lgodg tyf cg'udgsf] ;xdlt ePnut} k|wfgdGqL vgfnn] s] ;+ljwfg;ef hufpg' Pdfcf]jfbLsf] To:t} cjsfzk|fKt k|x/L al/i7 ah]6af6 sfd eO/x]sf] 5 eg] cfufdL ;ldltn] hg;]gf /x]sf] @! j6f
    cefj eGbf klg JolStsf] k|j[lQ / lbPsf] cleJolStn] sf+u|]; z;+lst dfq 7]Ssf xf] , s] ;+ljwfg;ef pk/Lifsx¿ g/]Gb|axfb'/ vflnª 5g\ ah]6df yk hf]8 lbg] tof/Ldf 5f},F Ú lzlj/ cg'udgsf nflu lgo'St
    d'ns ' sf] cj:yfn] ljs[lt b]lvg] u/]sf] 5 . ;|f]tsf cg';f/ ;xdlt nut} afFRgf;fy c¿ ;a} Tofu ug'{kg]{ eg] axfnjfn k|x/L al/i7 pk/LIfs pgn] eg] . ul/Psf ! ;o @^ hgfnfO{ cfjZos
    pxfFn] atfpg'eof] . vgfnn] …;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg PskIfLo bfloTj Pdfcf]jfbLsf] dfq /ljk|tfk /f0ff, ljhonfn sfo:y / dGqL ljZjsdf{sf cg';f/, !! ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] Joj:yf u/L rfF8}
    /fli6«o ;xdlt eof] t eGb} d sxfF xf] , lbgk|ltlbg k5fl8 x6]sf / lhNnfsf k|dv ' ko{6g uGtJoaf6 ;'? v6fpg] hgfPsf] 5 . ;ldltnfO{
    ;"Gotfdf=== afws ePF / /fhLgfdf lbg]Ú eGb} cf+ l zs ;Ddk{ 0 f u/] s f dfq
    Zofdaxfb'/ v8\sf / lzj nfld5fg]
    /x] s f 5g\ . To:t} k| x /L x'g] 6]n
    « lgdf{0fsf nflu k|lt6«n ] sl/a ;lqmo /fVg ;ftfdf tLgk6s
    g]tfx¿n] ef/tLo O;f/fdf l;6f}nfn] 6]an 7f]s]sf lyP . ;dfrf/x¿ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . bf]xf]/f] pkgLIfsx¿df ;fhol;+x a:g]t, $) nfv ¿k}ofF vr{ x'g] cg'dfg cfOtaf/, d+unaf/ / laxLaf/ a}7s
    ;+ l awfg;ef e+ u ug{ /r] s f]
    if8oGqnfO{ lrg{;kmn ePsf] eGb} xhofqLsf=== ;'/Iff x6fpg] /] Û hgd'lQm ;]gfsf]
    l/u| ' l kª ug] { /] Û s] o;af6
    kLtfDa/ clwsf/L, dgf]h Gof}kfg], 5 . PsLs[ t ko{ 6 g ;] j f s] G b| a:g] lg0f{ ul/Psf] 5 .
    sfo{stf{dfem sf]O/fnfsf] arfp
    u/]sf lyP .
    l;s]/ lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ Wofgfsif{0f
    u/fpFb} dGqL dx/fn] Joj:yfkgsf
    nflu cfjZos ;a} If]q / tTsfsf
    Pdfcf]jfbLsf] cfTd;Ddfgdf rf]6
    k'Ub}g ,
    clhts' d f/ u' ? ª\ , /fds[ i 0f
    /fhe08f/L /x]sf 5g\ . k|x/L gfoa
    pk/LIfs s[i0fk|;fb u'/fufFO{+, xl/x/
    lha|f]n] ;f; km]g{] s5'jf
    tLg bnsf] a}7sdf dfcf]jfbLn] JolStx¿nfO{ ;d]6g\ k' g]{ cf}N+ ofP . s'g} elgG5, ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ garfpg] z|i] 7, lago/fd z|i] 7, k|sfz clwsf/L dfgj hftLn] lha|f] s]sf nflu k|of]u u5{ < vfgf rfVg, :jfb kQf
    Ps xKtfleq cfˆgf g]tfx¿sf] bf]xf]/f] ;d:of cfOk/] ltgsf] ;dfwfg ug{ xf] eg] …s'Ú sf] tof/L x'G5 . c¿n] /x] s f 5g\ . k| x /L lg/Lifsx¿ nufpg / uGw hfFRg . t/ vfgf rfVg / uGw jf jf;gf kQf nufpg geP/
    ;'/Iff x6fP/ /fHoaf6 dfq ;'/Iff cfk"m tof/ /x]sf] eGb} pgn] xh ug]{ cem} cfk"mnfO{ nf]stGqjfbL ch'g{ k|;fb ltldlN;gf, lbg]z s];L, Ps vfn] s5'jfn] kfgL leq ;f; km]g{kf] k|of]u ug]{ /x]5 . sdg d:s 66{
    lng] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] 5 eg] sfo{ s f nflu l5d] s L d' n ' s / eGg] x ¿n] ug] { ;Defljt …s' Ú nfnuf]ljGb z|]i7, lul/wf/L zdf{nfO{ (common musk turtle) elgg] s5'jfx?sf] kfgL d'gLsf] cfgLafgL
    ;dfof]hgsf] df]8fln6L / ;+Vof s]xL cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf ePsf cg'ej / Pdfcf]jfbLsf nflu cg's"ntf x'G5, klg ;'8fg 3f]6fnfdf ;+nUg elgPsf] ulxl/P/ x]bf{ xfn;fn} j}1flgsx?n] of] tYo kQf nufPsf x'g . w]/} s5'jfx?sf]
    lbgdf to u/L Ps dlxgfleq l;sfO;d]t k|of]u ug{ cfu|x u/] . k|lts"ntf xf]Og . …s'Ú b]lv 8/fpg] 5 . To:t} k|x/L clws[t eGbf tNnf] d'vdf Ps efu x'G5 h;n] k|f0fjfo" -clS;hg_ nfO{{ jl/kl/sf] kfgLaf6
    ;dfof]hgdf hfg] / k'gM:yfkgf x'g] dGqfnosf] zflGt ;'/Iff dxfzfvfsf xf] eg] /fhgLltdf cfTdf;dk{0f u/] bhf{sf d'sG' bk|;fb la8f/L, odaxfb'/
    n8fs"x¿sf] l/u|'lkª ug{ / To;;Fu} tfg]/ lnG5 . t/ sdg d:s 66{ elgg] lo s5'jfx?n] eg] lha|fa] f6} clS;hg
    ;x;lrj ;'wL/s'df/ zfxn] ljutdf x'G5 . 1fg]Gb|sf] …s'Ú n] u0ftGq cfof] vqL, dxdb ctfkm x' ; ] g , lng] /x]5g . …hnr/x?n] kfgLdf clS;hg lng] c+u slxF g slxF x'G5 eGg]
    sG6] g /df /x] s f xltof/ ;] g f grfxFbf grfxFb} xh ;ldlt ljjfbdf eGg] s' / fnfO{ lal;{ g ' x' F b } g . u0f]zaxfb'/ tfdfª, v]d cfrfo{,
    ;dfof]hg ljz]if ;ldltsf] dftxtdf t xfdLnfO{{ yfx lyof], xfdLn] To;}sf] vf]lh ubf{ csdf{t kQf nufof}+Ú
    cfpg] u/]sf] atfpFb} a]n}df ;r]t k| l tufdLx¿nfO{ …s' Ú sf] nflu Psaxfb'/ yfkf, s]z/axfb'/ e'h]n,
    Nof5 . o;}u/L bnx¿ ^ xhf/ pS;fpg' a9L pko'Qm xf]nf . clxn] cg';Gwfgdf ;+nUg cli6«ofsf] leogf ljZj ljBfnosf cg';Gwfgbftf Ouf]g
    eP/ sfd u/] To:tf cf/f]k v]Kg' ljgf]bdfgl;+x, sdn vqL, r]tg z|i] 7, xfO{; n] eg] . pgLx?n] s;/L kQf nufP t of] < s5'jfsf aRrfx?n] kfgL
    dfcf] j fbL n8fs" n fO{ ;dfof] h g gkg]{ ts{ u/] . s;sf] slt zlQm 5 jf slt bd 5 e"kG] b| d08n, lzjxl/ rf}nfufO{,+ v]d
    ug{ ; xdlt glhs k' u ] s f 5g\ . eGg] s'/f pgLx¿sf] dgf]lj1fgaf6 sfsL{, 7daxfb'/ cfn], b]js[i0f ofbj, aflx/ cfP/ cfxf/f ;dft]sf] cjnf]sg u/] . lsgeg] s5'jfx?n] kfvfdf
    ljutdf tLg dlxgf klxnf ;ldlt
    sf+u|];n] kfFr xhf/sf] c8fg /fv]sf] u7g ul/Fbf ;Dk"0f{ Joj:yfkg k"/f ljZn]if0f ul/G5 . lxhf] Pdfcf]jfbLn] cDa/ aflgofF, ;'lb/s'df/ zfx, slxNo} klg cfxf/f gvfg] ePsf]n] ltgn] cfxf/fnfO{{ 3;fb}{ kfgLdf n}hfG5g .
    5 eg] dfcf]jfbL ;ft xhf/ eg]sf] ug{ g;lsPsfn] of] jif{ ^ dlxgf hlt ljb|fx] ug]{ eg] klg lj/f]wLx¿ 6]saxfb'/ rGb, 8Da/ a:g]tnfO{ Tof] ultlalw lgofNbf ltgn] d'v / lha|f] s;/L rnfpF5g, s;/L vfG5g
    5 . sf+u; ]| n] eg]– …xfdLn] kfFr xhf/ cufj} u7g ul/Psf] zfxn] k|:6\ofP . s;}n] kTofPgg\ . lsgeg] pgLx¿n] klg bf]ifL b]vfOPsf] 5 . ;a} gfd / eg]/ glhsaf6 a'‰g ;xof]u ldNof] . pgLx?n] s] klg kQf nufP eg],
    eg]sf 5, dfcf]jfbLn] ;ft xhf/ …ut jif{ kmf/d eg{df ePsf] l9nfO{s} dfcf] j fbL g] t [ T jx¿aLrsf] clgoldttfaf/] k|i6 eO;s]klg sdg d:s 66{sf] ;fgf] / sdhf]/ x'g] /x]5 lha|f] klg . Tof] lha|f]sf] efu
    eg]sf 5 . ;Dejt 5 xhf/df sf/0f xfhLn] w]/} b'Mv kfPs÷ lyo . cGt/lj/f]w / lgot (Intension) ;/sf/n] bf]ifLnfO{ sf/jf{xL u/]sf] kfkLnfO{ (papillae) elgg] s]xL p7]sf ;fgf sf]ifx?n] 9flsPsf] x'g] /x]5 .
    ;xdlt h'6\5 . o;cl3 sf+u|];n] ;fpbL c/asf] dSsfdlbgfdf xh nfO{ /fd| / L a' e m] s f lyP . ctM 5} g . sl/a ;f9] $$ s/f] 8 sf] ltg} sf]ifx?n] g} lo s5'jfnfO{{ clS;hg tfGg ;xof]u ug{] /x]5g . j}1flgsx?sf
    dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿sf] bf]xf]/f] ;'/Iff ug{ hfg] d'l:ndsf] ;Dk"0f{ Joj:yfkg /fhgLlts dgf]lj1fgdf lgot jf vl/bdf sl/a ;f9] #) s/f] 8
    tTsfn x6fpg' kg] { / xltof/ cg';f/ x'gt kfkLnfO{ elgg] sf]if dflg;df klg x'G5g . t/ xfd|f] kfkLnfO{n]
    ug{ u[ x dGqfnon] !! h] 7 df dg;fo (Internion) nfO{ clgoldttf ePsf] ;' 8 fg eg] k"0f{?kdf km/s sfd u5{ . lt :jfb kQf nufpg k|of]u x'G5g .
    /flvPsf] sG6]g/sf] rfF;f] a'emfpg' c3f{ v fF r Lsf hfls/ x' ; } g sf] dxTjk"0f{¿kdf x]l/G5 . g]t[Tjsf] k|s/0fn]l;+uf] d'ns ' s} k|lti7fdf cfFr
    kg{] c8fg /fVb} cfPsf] lyof] . lgotaf6 g p;sf] zlQmsf] cfFsng
    !$ ut]cl3 sl/j Ps ;ftf;Dd
    ePsf b'Ok{ IfLo / ax'kIfLo jftf{df
    cWoIftfdf @% ;b:oLo ;ldlt u7g
    u/]sf] lyof] . o;}aLr ;fpbL c/asf]
    dSsfdlbgfdf o; aif{ xh ug{ hfg]
    ul/G5 . Ps k6s g] k f] l nogn]
    lj/f]wLx¿;Fu o'4 lhTg ;lsFbg} eg]s}
    k'of{ Psf] 5 . /fHo Jofj:yf ;ldltn]
    ;ef;b\ k|bLk 1jfnLsf] ;+of]hsTjdf
    ul7t 5fglag ;ldltn] g] k fn
    5f]/f;/x 5f]/LnfO{ klg
    sf+u|];n] cfqmfds¿kdf p7fPsf
    s'gk} lg Ph]08f !% ut] laxfg ePsf]
    kfF r a' F b ] d f :ki6¿kdf ;Daf] w g
    g] k fnL d' l :ndx¿n] oxL c;f/
    d;fGtleq b/vf:t kmf/d
    el/;Sg'kg]{ ePsf] 5 .
    sf/0f ;]gfkltnfO{ g} avf{:t u/L
    o'4 lht]sf lyP . ctM ;]gfkltsf]
    dgf]lj1fg pRr / ;+oldt x'gk' 5{ .
    k|x/Lsf] sNof0fsf/L sf]if b'¿kof]u
    ePsf] k|ltj]bg ;fjh{lgs u/]sf]
    lyof] . o;ljr ;+o'St /fi6|;+3Lo
    :s'n k9\g k7fcf}+ .
    /fatOfc @@ 7h
    ] vfzj} nf; *^)@ sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#÷@)^#÷^$ 8

    ˆ
    dfcf]jfbLsf tLg g]tfnfO{ v'nf kq rf“bLdf ld;fj6 hf“Rg] pks/0f NofO{g]
    PsLs[t dfcf]jfbLsf tkm{af6 g]tfx¿sf] . hgo"4sf ;Dk"0f{lbgdf
    sf7df8f}F . lgsf;L x'g] rfFbLdf cGo wft' ld;fOPsf] eGb} u'gf;f] cfpg
    yfn]kl5 ld;fj6 hfFRg] pks/0f vl/b k|lqmof cl3 a9fOPsf] 5 . cfoftstf{
    tLg wf/df afl9g'ePsf cfb/0fLo ;/n ;xofqL xfdLn] cfˆgf ;fyLx¿nfO{ ltdL ;d]t d'ns ' n] rfFbLdf Sof8ldod ld;fOPsf] eGb} 8]9 jif{bl] v cfklQ hgfpFb}
    g]tfHo"x¿, eGg x'bF g} eGg] ;+:sf/ l;Sof}+ . o;df cfPsfn] lgsf;Ldf kg{;Sg] gsf/fTds c;/ sd ug{ pks/0f vl/b ug{
    k|jrg ;'g]sf] 5' . s[kof cGoyf @! jif{ c l3 g] k fnsf] jfdkGyL nfluPsf] xf] . jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnosf] ;xof]udf u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n
    d}n] cfb/0fLo d]/f tLg g]tfsf] gdflglbg'xf]nf, k'mnj'§f e/]/ bz{gsf] cfGbf]ngsf] k'm6jfbL gLlt eGbf km/s dnfO{ c;fWo uj{nfU5 . x/dfG5]
    gfddf s]xL zAb vlr{b} ubf{ d leq hftn], >dn], x}l;otn], lzIffn] ljefu, g]kfn x:tsnf dxf;+3 / Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|n] ;+oS' t
    JofVof ug]{ s'/f Pp6f snfsf/n] b] l vP/ tkfO{ + x ¿n] kf6L{ Pstf ¿kdf pks/0f vl/b ug{] tof/L ul//x]sf] 5 . ljefunfO{ dGqfnon] pks/0f
    b'ljwfo'St k|Zg v8f ePsf] 5– …d cfˆgf] snf JoSt u/] a/fa/ s]xL ug'{eof], ;Dk'0f{k|lts'ntfsf] jfjh'b s'gk} lg s'/fn] ;fgf] xFb' g} eGg] s'/fn]
    of] x}l;ot /fV5' ls /flVbg <Ú t/ dnfO{ ;fDojfbsf] ofb lbnfOof] . cfoftsf nflu ^) nfv ¿k}ofF lbPsf] atfPsf] 5 . pks/0f cfoft ubf{
    xf]Og, d o;nfO{ Tolt dxTjsf] hgo'4 ug{ cfF6 ug'e { of], hgo'4sf ;/sf/ / lghL If]qn] %)–%) k|ltzt nufgL ug{5 ] g\ . cfufdL rf/ dlxgfleq
    dnfO{ s] ljZjf; 5 eg] x}l;ot eGbf 7flGbg . t/ ;Rrf dfS;{jfbLsf] sl7g lbgx¿df sfo{stf{sf] dgdf xfdLnfO{ nfUYof] ;fDojfbdf of] eGbf
    OdfGbfl/tf lgs} dxfg s'/f xf] . cem pRr k|sf/sf] dfgjLo ;Ddfg ljefudf pks/0f h8fg ug{ tof/L ePsf] 5 . o;kl5 rfFbLnfO{ cfjZos
    bfoLTj eg]sf] bz{g cyjf l;4fGtsf] p7]sf k|Zgsf] :jt pQ/ lbg] vfnsf] hfFr u/]/dfq lgsf;L ul/g]5 . dGqfnon] g]kfn Jofkf/ PsLs[t /0fgLlt -
    cfh;Dd Tof] Odfgbfl/tfaf6 Ro't dd{cg';f/ To;nfO{ Jojxf/df nfu' of]hgf lgdf{0f ug{] eof] , j}1flgs / pRr k|sf/sf] ;+:sf/ x'g]5 .
    gePsf]n] d of] clwsf/ :jtM /fV5' . cfˆgf ;fyLdfyL ef}lts cfqmd0f ug]{ P6LcfO{P;_ @)!) dfkm{t\ ^) nfv ¿k}ofF ljefunfO{ lbPsf] 5 . ;f] /0fgLltn]
    ug'{ jf u/fpg' xf] . kl5Nnf jif{x¿df lg0f{o ug]{ / ;+;f/nfO{ r'gf}lt lbP/ lgof{t Jofkf/df g]kfnnfO{ t'ngfTds kmfObf x'g] !@ j6f j:t' tyf ;ftj6f
    tkfO+{x¿dfkm{t\ Pdfcf]jfbLsf ;a} s] oxfF x ¿ 4GbjfbL eP/ sfd cfˆgf] d' l Qmsf] eljio cfˆg} eg]sf] t dxf–ck/fwsf] ¿kdf ;fljt
    g]tf tyf o'jfju{nfO{ klg d s]xL x'GYof] . t/ kfFr jif{sf] of] bf}/fgdf ;]jf If]q klxrfg u/]sf] 5 . /0fgLltn] rfFbLnfO{ lgsf;L ;Defljt j:t'sf
    ul//xg' ePsf] 5 < s] 4Gbjfbsf] d]x]gt4f/f sf]g{ s'zn g]tfx¿sf] ¿kdf ;"rLs[t klg u/]sf] 5 .
    eGg] cg'dlt dfUb5' . k|sl[ tsf] j;Gt cfwf/e't dfGotfnfO{ kqmg' ePsf] Pp6f ;d"xnfO{ cfd o'jf ju{n] cfˆgf] cfˆgf cfˆgf u'6 aLrsf] ob'jz + L
    x/]s jif{km]l/G5 / lj:tf/} jiff{tlt/ n8fO / JolSt JolSt aLrsf] :jfy{df Sof8ldod rfFbLh:t} b]lvg] Ps lsl;dsf] wft' xf] . of] rfFbLeGbf ;:tf]
    5 < o;sf] cfwf/e't cy{ xF'b}g < d'6s ' f] 9's9'ls 7fGof] . cem cfbz{sf] x'g] ePsfn] Joj;foLx¿n] rfFbLsf u/uxgf tyf j:t'df Dof8ldod ld;fpg]
    nfU5 . hLGbuLsf j;Gt olt rf8} h;nfO{ h] dg nfU5 Tolx ul/lbP Ps hLljt eujfgsf] ¿kd} u|x0f 6s/fPsf] /fhg}lts n]kg ;lxtsf]
    ab\lnG5 / >fj0fsf] e]nn] agfPsf] n8fO pRr ¿kdf b]lvPsf] 5 . u/]sf] g]kfn x:tsnf dxf;+3n] hgfPsf] 5 . Sof8ldod ldl;Psf] rfFbLsf
    jf u/fOlbP x'G5 < of] dfS;{jfb u¥of}F xfdL of]4fx¿n] . tkfO{+x¿sf] u/uxgf k|of]u u/]df :jf:Yodf ;d]t gsf/fTds c;/ kg{] ePsfn] cfoftstf{
    c:tJo:ttf h:t} x'G5 eGg] s'/f cGtu{t gk/]sf] c/fhstfsf] e't k|ToIf cg'xf/ gx]l/ dl/G5 ls eGg] /fhwfgLsf] clu|d / z;St dhb'/
    d}n] o;cl3 ;f]r]sf] lyOg . t/ ;+u7gnfO{ cfˆgf] cgs'nsf] u'6df d'n'sn] u'gf;f] u/]sf 5g\ . Ps cWoogcg';f/ g]kfnaf6 lgsf;L x'g]
    tkfO{+x¿sf] lbdfudf r9]sf] 5 . lrGtf ubf{ub}{ zlxb ePsf xhf/f}+ rfFbLsf ;fdfgdf sl/a #% b]lv $) k|ltzt;Dd Sof8ldod ld;fj6
    lat]sf] kfFr jif{nfO{ kms]/{ x]bf{ dnfO{ tkfO{ + x ¿ dfS;{ j fbsf] lstfjdf d]/f ;xof]4fn] tkfO{x+ ¿k|ltsf] cuf3 kl/rfng ug]{ xf]8df ;aeGbf lgs[i7
    xfd|f] hLGbuLsf] j;Gtx¿ l56f] l56f] k|sf/sf] lx+;fTds 36gfx¿ 36] . ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . g]kfndf xfn;Dd rfFbLsf uxgfdf ld;fj6 5 jf 5}g
    s'6ef/tsf] tl/sf kl9/xg' ePsf] ljZjf;sf] ;Gb]z xfdL jfFr]sfnfO{ eGg] hfFr ug{ pks/0f tyf k|of]uzfnf gePsfn] o:tf] ;d:of cfPsf] xf] .
    ab\lnPsf] efg x'G5 . x'gt ;do h:tf] nfU5 . o;} s f] kl/0ffd 5f]8s ] f 5g\ . d zJbdf tL ;a JoSt o;}sf] kl5Nnf] pTsif{sf] ¿kdf
    ultzLn / kl/jt{gzLn 5, o;sf] kf6L{sf pRr g]tfnfO{ dfg{ wDsLsf] ^ dlxgfcl3 k|dv ' lgsf;LhGo j:t' rfFbLdf Sof8ldod ld;fj6af/] cWoog
    u'6jGbL, c/fhstf / cg]stf kfl6{ ug{;lSbg t/ wf]sf ePsf] ef]lnkN6 ug{ dGqfnon] Ps sfo{bn u7g u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{bndf dGqfno, g]kfn
    ult;Fu x/]s JolSt jf ;+:yfn] leq x'ls{Psf] 5 . kl/0ffd km'6sf] xfdL Jojxfl/s ¿kd} Tof] ;Gb]z xNnf b]lv lnP/ cfˆg} kf6L{sf
    cfk"mnfO{ abNg ;s]gg eg] pgLx¿sf] sfo{stf{nfO{ Hofg d'4fsf] cleof]u x:tsnf dxf;+3, u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n ljefu / Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L
    ;+3f/df pleP/ :jfy{sf] …qmflGtÚ tkfO{x+ ¿sf sGr6df NofOk'¥ofg] 5f}+ k|j4{g s]Gb|sf k|ltlglw /x]sf 5g\ . ;f] sfo{bnn] ld;fj6 lgoGq0f ug{ l5§}
    cGt k|fs[lts ;To xf] . t/ x/ dGq hKb} x'g'x'G5 . cfˆgf] cx+dtf, k|ltIff ug'x{ f]nf . cF, xfdLnfO{ cfhklg ;lxt h]n xfNg] / arfpg]x¿sf] aLr
    Oltxf;n] jt{dfg / eljiosf] nfuL leif0f 6s/fasf] e4f cleJoSt pks/0f cfoft u/L rfFbL hfFr]/dfq lgsf;L ug{'kg]{ ;'emfj lbPsf] lyof] .
    dxTjsf+ I ff / :jfy{ s f] jfbnn] nfUb} g xfdLn] oxfF x ¿nfO{ rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] gf} dlxgfdf ^ s/f]8 ¿k}ofFa/fa/sf] rfFbLsf u/uxgf
    ;s/fTds ;+:sf/sf] ljsfz u/fPsf] g]tfHo"x¿sf] ;+emgfnfO{ lj:d[t efUoljwftfsf] ¿kdf u|x0f ug]{ uNtL k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿n] tfln k8\sfP/
    x'G5 . kl/jt{gsf] gfddf o:tf x]/] . cfb/0fLo g]tfHo"x¿, s] o:tf lgsf;L ePsf] Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|sf] tYof+sdf 5 . of] cjlwdf
    u/fPsf] 5}g eg] ljutdf xfdL ljho lyof] . Tof] t xfd|f] st{Jo dfq geP/ cd]l/sf, hfkfg, hd{gL, g]b/NofG8, O6fnL / Sofg8fdf pNn]Vo kl/df0fdf
    k/Dk/fnfO{ Tofu ub}{ hfg] xf] eg]klg ePsf] tkfO{ + x ¿ s;} s f] Psn cGt/dgb]lv k}bf ePsf] ;Ddfg lqmofsnfkaf6 lgl:sPsf] kl/0ffd
    p;sf] ljgi6 clgjfo{5 . hgo"4sf qmflGt x'g;S5 < olx xf] xhf/f}+ xhf/ rfFbL lgsf;L ePsf] 5 . cfj )^^÷^& df !* s/f]8sf] rfFbL lgof{t ePsf]
    sl/:dfn] xF'b} xf]Og . dnfO{ nfU5 lyof] . h;sf] kl/0ffd xfdL Pskl5 lyof] . k|d'v cfoftstf{ /fi6«x¿sf] ;+u7g o'/f]k]nL ;+3 -O{o"_n] g]kfnnfO{
    cflwdo !) j;Gtx¿df dfcf]jfbL tkfO{+x¿ slx+ g slx+ of] e|daf6 csf]{ ljhosf] df]rf{ vf]Ng ;SYof}+ . zlxbx¿n] b] v ] s f] ;kgf <
    of]4fx¿n] hltklg ;s/fTds ;+:sf/ tkfO{+x¿sf] dg glb ;l/ ju]sf] ;g\ @)!@ b]lv Sof8ldod ld;fOPsf] rfFbL lgof{t u/]df cfoft /f]Sg]
    u'h|b} x'g'x'G5 . hgo"4df tkfO{+ b'Zdgn] xfdL aLrdf v]Ng ;Sg] s'g} r]tfjgL ;d]t lbPsf] lyof] . ;g\ @)!! leq g]kfnn] Sof8ldod ld;fj6sf]
    / cfbz{ l ;s] Tof] k | l t s' g } g]tfx¿sf] e'ldsf cx+ / cu|ufdL Kjfn ;d]t lyPg . s;}n] PszJb /utn] kf]Nb}g < tkfO{+x¿sf] unt
    qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] b'vL dg u5{ eg] ofqfnfO{ zflxbsf nf;x¿sf] kxf8n] ;d:of x6fpg g;s] rfFbL lgsf;Ldf ;d:of x'g] dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 .
    lyof] . g]tfx¿sf] c6'6 Pstf / b[9 dfq unt tl/sfn] g] t fsf] rfFbLsf] s'n lgsf;LdWo] sl/a #% k|ltzt O{o"df lgof{t x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .
    cfkm}+k|lt 3f]/ cGofo u/]sf] j/fj/ ljZjf;n] ubf{ xhf/f}+ xhf/ g]tf JofsjfOl6ª u/]df p;sf] nfuL xfdL 5]Sb}g < cem} ;do jfFls 5 . xfd|f]
    x'g]5 . d cfk"mnfO{ cGofo ulb{g . Pstfn] s'g}klg k|ltlqmofjfbLnfO{ rfFbLdf x'g] ld;fj6 ;dod} lgoGq0f gu/] caf}{+sf] nufgLsf ;fy} xhf/f}+sf]
    sfof{stf{ dfcf]jfbL kf6L{df uf]njGb cg'zf;gsf] sfjf{lx tf]lslbGYof}+ . /f]huf/L ;+s6df kg{ Joj;foLx¿ atfpF5g\ .
    t/ jt{ d fg kl/j] z af6 ljt] s f ePsf x'g h;sf] kl/0ffd xf] ;+;f/n] s[kof cfh xfdL …jGb's]Úx¿nfO{ k/flht ug{ ; S5 . xfd| f ] k' m 6n]
    bzjif{nfO{ ;Dembf, tkfO{x+ ¿ nufPt
    dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|Lo g]tfx¿nfO{ ;+embf,
    lrg]sf] g]kfnsf] hgo'4 . h;nfO{
    cfhklg x/]s dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{n]
    hjfkm lbg'; ls xfdLn] of] ;a ug{'
    xfd|f] uNtL lyof] < xf]Og, xfdL kSsfsf
    pgLx¿nfO{ kmfOb} kmfObf 5 . s] xfdL
    k|ltlqmofjfbLsf lxdfolt xf}+ < tkfO{+
    g]tfx¿sf] ;Nnfxsf/af/] k'g{ljrf/
    g]kfns} 7'nf] u'kmf cf]em]ndf
    :yfgLo :t/sf g]tf tyf d cfkm}+ uj{sf] ¿kdf lnG5g\ . oxfFx¿s} OdfGbf/ sfo{ s tf{ lyof} + . t/ uf]/vf . uf]/vfsf] ;b/d'sfdaf6 !# sf]; b'/Ldf cjl:yt :jfF/f uflj;
    :jo+ ;d] t hgd' l St ;] g fsf dxfgtfsf] sf/0f %) jif{sf] jfdkGyL lj8Djgf Û cfh;Dd cfOk' U bf ug{'; . qmflGtsf] ltgcf]6f df]8ndf jf8{ g+= @ jUb'nsf] l;tfu'kmf ;DjlGwt lgsfo / ;+3 ;+:yfsf] Wofg k'Ug
    sdf08/x¿nfO{ ;+embf Oltxf; / Oltxf;df ;Rrf sDo'lgi6 eg]sf] dfcf]jfbLsf] n]k nufOPsf ;fdfGo clek|l] /t ug{ tkfO{x+ ¿sf ;Nnfxsf/ g;Sbf k|rf/ k|;f/sf] cefjdf k5f8L k/]sf] 5 . wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts /
    tkfO+ { x ¿;F u x7ft Jof+ U ofTds dfcf]jfbL xf] eGg] ;a}n] a'‰g yfn]sf] r} t ] x ¿n] xfd| f tL cfbz{ s f cGttM Pp6} ;+:yfsf k|ltlglw x'g P]ltxfl;s dxTj af]s]sf] eP klg ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] j]jf:tfsf] sf/0f
    k|Zgx¿ lg:sg] u5{– xfdLn] lsg lyP . t/ cfh xfdL of] bdg;lxtsf] g] t fx¿nfO{ …/cÚ sf] dfG5] , ;S5g\ . Tof] a]nf tkfO{s + f] OdfGbfl/tf uf]vf{ lhNnfsf] pQ/L e]udf /x]sf] g]kfns} 7'nf] l;tfu'kmf oltv]/ cf]em]ndf
    olt 7'nf] cfbz{a'‰g] d'v{tf u¥of}+ < s'/f ug{;Sg] cj:yfdf 5f}+ < s] xfdL …l;cfOPÚsf] dfG5], …kf]nkf]6, v':r]e, e8\vf/fdf k'Ug] 5 . cGtdf, dnfO{ k/]sf] 5 . /fd / l;tfsf] syf;Fu ;DjlGwt ePsf] ko{66sLo :ynsf]
    jf xfdLnfO{ lsg oqf] cfbz{sf] efl/ ;Rrf sDo'lgi6 5f}+ < obL d}n] xfdL uf]ef{rf]e========Ú nufPt tNnf] tkfO{x+ ¿;Fu s'g} cg'go 5}g . Pp6f k|r'/ ;Defjg af]s]sf] u'kmf leq kfgLsf] kf]v/L, df}/Lsf] rfsf, jfusf]
    af]sfOof] <, dfcf]jfbL g]tf eg]sf] b'wn] g'xfPsf sDo'lgi6 xf}+ eg]+ eg] :t/df em/] / ufnL ul//xF b f s'/f :d/0f u/fpm tkfO{+x¿ dWo 5fnf, hfFtf] l9ls, ufO{sf] y'g, lzjsf] cfs[lt, kfk / wd{sf] b'nf], /fd /
    ;j{xf/f ju{df c;ln / cu|ufdL g]tf jt{dfg oyfy{sf] wHhL p8fOPsf] tkfO{x+ ¿n] agfPsf u'6sf csf{ g]tf s;n] hgd'lSt ;]gfnfO{ sAhf ug{ l;tfsf] cfs[lt nufPtsf y'Kk|} cfs[ltx¿ k|i6 ¿kdf b]Vg ;lsG5 .
    ePsf] sf/0f km'6g\ ] xf]Og h'6g\ ] u5{ x'g5] . lsgeg] cfh xfdL dfcf]jfbL dVv k/]/ ;'lg/xG5, xfdL ;'lg/xg eGg] xf]8 klg lgs} rNof] t/ hgd'lSt :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] kxndf k|To]s /fdgjdLsf] ef]nL kN6 d]nf nfUg] ;f]
    / k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] lj?4df cfuf] leqsf km/s km/s u' 6 sf jfWo 5f}+ . dnfO{ nfUb}g Tof] bf]if tL ;]gfn] d"ntM cfˆgf] cg'zf;gsf] :yfgdf dlxnf ;d'xsf] ;lqmotfdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] /fdl;tfsf] dlGb/df
    cf]sN5g\ eGg] efg lsg u/fpg' dfcf]jfbLsf] gfdn] lrlgg] u5f}{+ . r} t ] x ¿sf] xf] . a? Tof] bf] i f klxrfg lbP/ Pstfdf g} ljho x'G5 k'hf u/L jlQ afn]df dgn] rfx]sf] / cfF6]sf] k'Ug] hgljZjf; /x]sf] 5 .
    eof] <, s'g}klg xfntdf g]kfnL cfb/0fLo g] t fHo" , jf:tjdf tkfO+{x¿sf] xf] . lsgls tkfO{+x¿n] eGg] s'/fsf] pbfx/0f aGb} j}rfl/s dfG5] k'lug] 7fpF;Dd hfgsf] nfuL sl/j Ps 306f nfUg] u'kmfsf] jl/kl/
    hgtfsf] rfxgf dfyL s'7f/f3ft hgo'4sfndf u'6jGbL eGg] s'/f ltgnfO{ cg'zf;gsf] kf7 k9fpg n]kgdf k'm6]g . ca of] zlSt klg of] df};ddf u'/F f;, sfkmn, lt+b,' P];n
    ] ,' dr]gL, yfsn k|z:t ¿kdf kfO{G5 .
    x'g]5}g eGg] ljZjf; lbnfP/ xhf/f}+ >Ldfg >Ldltsf] aLrdf eof] eg]klg 5f8\ g ' eof] / u' 6 sf] gfddf l5§} g} tkfO{+x¿sf] xftaf6 k/fOsf] pQ/df wfr]{n]s, klZrddf ;f}/kfgLsf] yflgyfg, k'j{df jh]gL tfn / lbbL
    jL/ of]4fx¿nfO{ jd hlts} s7f]/ sfjf{xL ul/Psf] Oltxf; k'/fgf] 5}g . s'6ef/tsf] Oltxf; vf]tNb} To;sf] xftdf hfFb}5 . olb h]7 !$ ut] j}gL 8fF8f blIf0fdf tfs'sf]6sf] dfO{:yfg / /flgd'nsf] dgf]/d b[Zosf]
    lsg agfpg'eof] / ksf{Olbg'eof] <, dfS;{jfbsf] ltgu/ / ltg gu/ dWo ;aeGbf gs/fTds lzIff lbg'eof] . s'g} ljWj+; ePg eg] Tof] k|foM lglZrt cjnf]sg ug{;lsG5 . du/ / tfdfªsf] hftLsf] j;f]jf; /x]sf] pSt
    obfsbf hgtfn] )& ;fn, )@* ;fn …gk'm6 Psh'6 xf}Ú eGg] gLltnfO{ k}zf / wg ePsf r}t]x¿sf] l8g/df eO;Sof] . tkfO{+x¿sf] ultljlwsf] 7fpFdf u'kmfsf] nfuL eg]/ clxn];Dd s;}n] klg rf;f] glbPsf] :yflgo
    / )$^ ;fnsf] s6' Oltxf; ;+emb} cfwf/ agfP/ oxfF x ¿n] lbPsf] 8sfb}{ ltg}n] ck{]sf] /lS;sf] ;'/df ;fdfGo ljZn]if0f ug{] lJolStn] klg afl;Gbfn] u'gf;f] u5{ u'kmfsf] k|4g{ sf] nfuL ;/sf/L kIfaf6 ;xof]u / ;fy
    …cGttM dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿klg s';L{sf] k|lzIf0f xfdLn] cIf/; kfngf u/]s} dfltP/ cfˆgf sd/]8x¿sf] lvlNn ca dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ k'm6sf] ;+3f/df eP lhNnfsf] dfq geP/ ;du| g]kfns} nfuL ue{ ug{nfPs ePsf] atfpG5 .
    nfuL n'5fr'8L ug]{ t x'gÚ eGbf 5f}+ t/ cfh tkfO{+x¿ :jo+ ev{/ p8fpg' eof] . e'n]/ klg gla;{g'; b]lv/x]sf 5g\ . Tolta]nf tkfO{+x¿ ;b/d'sfdaf6 kfFrv'jf b]p/fnL;Dd uf8L ;Ddsf] ofqf kl5 sl/j 8]9
    ljr/f ltgn] slt 7fp‘df t slt /fhgLltsf] sv/f l;Sb} u/] s f] g]tfHo"x¿ cfh tkfO{s + f] u'6df a;]/ dWo hf] s;}nfO{ nfUnf ;aeGbf 306fsf] k}bn ofqf kl5 k'Ug ;lsg] ;f] u'kmfdf g]kfn ;/sf/ / :yflgo
    ef6f ;d]t vfP xf]nfg < t/ lat]sf] Pshgf sfo{ s tf{ s f] lbdfudf csf{ g]tfsf] lvNnL p8fpg] r}tx] ¿n] qmflGtsfl/ u'6 d]/} x'g]5 . / xfdL afl;Gbfsf] kxndf slRr jf6f] ;d]t k'u]sf] 5 .
    ljho ePsf 5f}+ . t/ of] ljho xfdL
    kfFr jif{sf x/]s lbg xfd|f] cfbz{sf]
    efl/af6 PsPs cf]6f cfbz{sf
    kfgfx¿ lgsfNb} lsg cfuf]df kf]lnb}
    u' 6 jGbLsf] la; e/] / d' v af6
    cfl/;sf] cfuf] cf] s Ng jfWo
    agfO/fVg' ePsf] 5 . dnfO{ tL
    ef]ln tkfO{+sf] 9f8df 5'/f w:g]5g\ .
    b' v sf] s' / f tkfO{ + x ¿n] cfd
    sfo{ s tf{ n fO{ ;fd" l xstfsf] s' / f
    s;}sf] x'g] 5}g . Tof] ljho pgLx¿s}
    x'g5] . xfdL ;lsg] 5f}+ / hgo'4 pRr
    Go'of]sd{ f g]kfnL ko{6sLo :ynsf] k|rf/k|;f/
    5 / lj:tf/} xfdL lsg l/Qf] xFb' 5 } f}+ <, k|sf/sf] emfkf ljb|f]xdf uP/ cGt Go'of]s{ . g]kfn ko{6g jif{nfO{ ;kmn agfpg] nIosf ;fy cd]l/sfsf]
    ljr/f snd h]gt]g rnfpg l;s]sf l;sfpg' eof] t/ ;fd'lxstfsf] Go'of]sd
    { f g]kfnLx¿ tft]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL hg;Dks{;ldlt Go'of]s{ RofK6/sf]
    lsg xfdL s'g} g s'g} jxfgf agfP/ / /fhgLltsf s v eGg l;s]sfx¿n] Jojxf/ l;sfpg' ePg . ;/ntf, x'g]5 . o;y{ o;nfO{ arfpg xfdL
    ToxL dGqLkbsf] x•Lsf] nfuL o'jfx¿ Ps7fpFdf x'g h?/L 5 . lk|o cfof]hgfdf zlgaf/ g]kfnLx¿n] Go'of]s{df ljleGg ko{6sLo :yfgdf e]nf
    oxfFx¿sf] k'R5/ ;dft] eg]/ b'v ldtJolxtf, kf/blz{tf / g}ltstfsf] eP/ g]kfnsf] ko{6sLo dxTjsf af/]df k|rf/k|;f/ u/] . ljZje/sf ko{6sx¿
    nl8/x]sf 5f}+ < tL hgtfx¿nfO{ lbg] nfu]sf] 5}g / dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ s;/L s'/f l;sfpg'eof] t/ o;sf] Jojxf/ o'jf sd/]8x¿, olb tkfO{+ cfk"mnfO{
    xfd|f] hjfkm s] xf] < x/]s /ft ;kgfdf Pp6f ;jn l;+uf] dfG5]sf] ¿kdf e]nf x'g] Go'of]ss
    { f] 6fOD; :Sjfo/, lna6L{ cfONof08, Jofl6« kfs{nufotsf
    aGof] eGg] ;d]t ghfgL ;s]sf l;sfpg' ePg . cfd sfo{stf{sf] :yfgdf k'u]sf g]kfnLx¿n] g]kfnnfO{ lrgfpg] k|rf/ ;fdfu|Lx¿ ljt/0f
    xfdL h:tf of]4fx¿nfO{ olx k|Zgn] ljrf/x¿n] klqsfdfk{mt\ gfd} tf]s/] >Ldltsf] sfgdf nufPsf] uxgf vf] H g' x ' G 5 eg] s;} s f] k' R 5/df
    ;tfO/xG5 . ;fob of] k| Z gn] e'ml08o/ j}t/0fL glb tg{ sfo/tf u/]sf lyP . o:tf ;fdfu|Lx¿ x]/]/ ko{6sx¿ dVv k/]sf lyP . ;'?df
    k|r08, ls/0f / afa'/fdsf] v}/f] vg] k'msfn]/ kf6L{nfO{ a'emfpg nufpg' eof] HofS;g xfO6sf] ysfnL lsrgdf ul/Psf] sfo{qmddf d'lgGb| g]Dafªn]
    tkfO+x{ ¿nfO{ klg ;tfp5 xf]nf kSs}, eGg] s'/fn] klg cgf}7f] nfu]sf] 5}g / cfˆgf g]tfx¿sf] >LdltnfO{ tL gb]vfpg'; / cfˆgf] klxrfg cfkm}
    ;fy;fy} cfk\mgf–cfk\mgf d'8fu|xL agfpg'; . cfpg'; a? xfdL ;a} sfo{qmdsf af/]df hfgsf/L lbg'ePsf] lyof] eg] o'Pgsf nflu g]kfnsf
    t/ d of] b'vk'j{ k|Zg u5{' ls d}n] ;a 5' 6 lbg' e of] . /f] N kf / :yfoL lgof]usf z+s/ a}/fuLn] sfo{qmdsf] ;kmntfsf] ;'esfdgf lbg'ePsf]
    ts{n] tkfO{+x¿sf] dgdf lbg /ft cfhsf tkfO{ + x ¿ h:tf u' 6 sf hfh/sf]6df sDo'g rnfP/ hgtfsf] hgf Ps7fpFdf a;]/ of] kf6L{nfO{
    3f]lr/x]sf] ;d]t xf]nf – …qmflGt / arfpg] cleofgdf nfuf}+ . cfˆgf] lyof] . hg;Dks{;ldlt Go'of]sR{ ofK6/ clwj]zg tof/L ;ldltsf ;+Vof]hs
    g]tfnfO{ cfˆgf] cfbz{agfP/ uNtL ;Dk"0f{ 3/hUuf sDo'gsf] dftxtdf gljg z]/rgn] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ ;xefuLx¿nfO{ wGofjfb lbg'eof] .
    kl/jt{gsf 7]s]bf/ d afx]s sf]xL u/]sf] x'‘ < o:t} b'ef{Uok"0f{ k|Zg / Nofpg'eof] t/ cfk"m sf7df8fFd} f cfP/ tfut jGw'nfO{ 5sf{pg]lt/ xf]Og
    x'g} ;St}gg / olb csf{sf] gfddf k|ltlqmofjfbLnfO{ w'nf] r6fpg lt/ k|rf/k|;f/ sfo{qmddf snfsf/, v]nf8L nufot ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf
    ofrgf zlxb kl/jf/ tyf j]kQf slDtdf kf6L{sf] vr{df ;d]t Ps}7fpF k|ltlgwLx¿ ;xefuL lyP . 6fOD; :Sjfo/ If]qdf hg]z u'?ª, k'gd /fgf
    6]G8/ k¥of] eg] ;a jjf{b x'g5 ] .Ú kl/jf/x¿n] ul//x]sf 5g\ – …s] cyf{t ;fd"lxs vr{df rNg ;Sg' nufcf}+ . o;}df tkfO{+ xfd|f] eljio
    of] oxfFx¿sf] qmflGt k|ltsf] lrGtf 5 / g]kfnL hgtfsf] eljio klg . du/, zf/bf IfqL / /f]zg 9'+ufgf nufotn] k|rf/k|;f/sf] g]t[Tj ug'{ePsf]
    xfdLn] o:tf g]tfx¿nfO{ ljZjf; u/]/ ePg . cfd sfo{stf{nfO{ sdfpg x'Gg lyof] eg] lna6L{ cfONof08df snfsf/ uf}/L dNn, ufos ltns >]i7 /
    geP/ JolStjfbsf] cleJolStdfq cfˆgf ;GtfgnfO{ jlnsf] af]sf] eGg' eof] t/ lhljsf]kfh{gsf] pkfo snd jGb ub} { ubf{ d] / f] lk| o
    xf] . ;' u f /6fP em} + cfh;Dd g] t fHo" x ¿, tkfO{ x ¿df ;b\ j ' l 4 ceo 9'+u]n k'Ug'ePsf] lyof] .
    agfP5f}+ <Ú xf]; ugf]{;\, cfh;Dd lbg' ePg . cfh hltklg t:s/L rf]/ PDkfo/ :6]6 If]qdf gljg z]/rg, d'lgGb| g]Dafª / b'uz ]{ sfsL{n]
    oxfFx¿sf] d'vf/ljGb'af6 ;'Gb} cfPsf] oL zAbx¿ ofrgfdf l;ldt 5g\ olb / 8fsfsf kl5 nfu]sf 5g\ To;}sf] knfcf]; / Pstfsf] xft ldnf]; .
    s]xL 4Gbjfbsf] cfbz{ x'g Pstf a? sltjif{sf] nfuL Pstf ug]{ xf] k|rf/k|;f/sf] g]t[Tj ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ut zlgaf/ ug]{ elgPsf] sfo{qmd
    oL ofrgf >fkdf ab\lnof] eg] kl/0ffd xf] . sfo{ s tf{ n ] cfˆgf] ljz]if sf/0f b]vfpFb} cfof]hsn] of] zlgjf/sf nflu ;f/]sf lyP . ut d]
    ;+ 3 if{ / ¿kfGt/0f, s7f] / tf / cfh;Dd au]sf] /ut / cfFz' t]hfj /fhg}lts Oltxf;nfO{ bfpdf /fv]/ 6fOdnfO{g tf]s]/ b]zsf] ljsfzdf
    nrstf, cfjZstf / :jtGqtf, nfUg'; . ha hgtfsf] d'xf/df !) df g]kfn hg;Dks{;ldlt cd]l/sf, Go'of]s{RofK6/sf] clwj]zg tof/L
    aGg]5, lrxfgaf6 zlxbsf nf; gofF vfg] pkfosf] nfuL j]OdfgL ul//x]sf ;ldltsf ;+Vof]hs gljg z]/rgsf] cWoIftfdf HofS;g xfO6df a;]sf]
    lg/Gt/tf / qmde+utf, hgjfb / 9+un] p7\g] 5 / tkfO{+x¿sf] 3fFl6 5g\ oL ;asf] lhDj]bf/L tkfO{+x¿sf] clnslt d' : sfg lg:sG5 a?
    s] G b| o tf, / l;4fGt / To;kl5 tkfO{+sf] :jfyL{ tnjf/ a}7sn] ko{6g jif{;kmn kfg{ljljw sfo{qmd ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd
    c7\ofpg cfpg]5g\ Tolta]nf s;}n] klxnf] x'g cfp5 To;kl5sf c¿ ;kmn kfg{ a}7sn] g} Joj:yfkg ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] . Go'of]s{df
    Jojxf/=========== . oL 4Gbjfbsf] cfˆgf] uNtL ;'wfg]{ 7fp‘ jfFls a:g] n'Aw / :jfyL{ ¥ofn sf6]/ u'6 agfpg lems] k lg lemSg' ; . qmflGtsf/L
    k|ju{x¿af/] d}n] 306f} 306f;Dd clejfbg ;lxt ljbf . ljleGg ;+3;+:yfn] k|foh;f] /Stbfg sfo{qmd dfq ub}{ cfPsf]df ko{6g jif{
    5}g . hNbf]jNbf] oyfy{ s] xf] eg] psf:g] slyt bf];|f] / t];|f] k':tfsf] ;kmn kfg{sf nflu ul/Psf] of] sfo{qmdsf] k|z+;f ul/Psf] 5 .
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