cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

Quy trnh gim st xy lp hin trng

I- Cn c thc hin gim st xy lp

- Cn c vo hp ng dch v gim st thi cng gia Ch u t v Cng ty (n v gim st) k kt trong hp ng. - Cn c vo h s thit k cng trnh: Nn ng, mt ng, cu, cng thot nc ca h s thit k k thut thi cng (thit k mt bc), h s thit k bn v thi cng (thit k hai bc). - Cn c vo cc quy trnh, quy phm hin hnh m d n p dng. - Cn c vo thc t ti hin trng tuyn ng i qua.
II- Cng tc chun b.

1- Cng tc vn phng. a- Lm vic vi Ch u t: * ngh Ch u t cung cp cc h s ti liu: - H s thit k k thut bao gm cc ti liu sau: + Tp bn v: Bnh , trc dc. + Tp bn v: Trc ngang. + Tp bn v cng trnh. + Tp thuyt minh thit k. + Tp h s a cht, thu vn. + Tp bn v phm vi mt bng xy dng. + Tp h s tnh ton chi tit v tng hp khi lng cng trnh. + Tp thuyt minh d ton cng trnh. Cc h s ti liu ny c cc cp c thm quyn ph duyt. - H s trng thu bao gm cc ti liu sau (Ti liu ny c Nh thu np cho Ch u t sau khi ch u t tuyn b trng thu): + Thuyt minh t chc thi cng chi tit v t chc thi cng tng th ca gi thu (Bin php thi cng, danh sch cc thit b my mc, danh sch nhn lc, biu tin thi cng) thi cng cc hng mc cng trnh trong phm vi gi thu. + Khi lng xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh. + D ton cng trnh (Ton b cc hng mc cng trnh thanh ton sau khi Nh thu c th gim gi (nu c) lm c s xc nhn khi lng thanh ton). * ngh Ch u t ph duyt cc vn bn ca t vn gim st v qun l v
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

iu hnh d n. - Nht k thi cng. - Cc bin bn kim tra v nghim thu c s. - Cc bin bn kim tra v nghim thu xy lp hon thnh, bin bn nghim thu cng trnh xy lp hon thnh. - Cc vn bn ca T vn gim st gi Nh thu. + Thng bo ca vn phng t vn gim st. + Ch th hin trng. + Lnh tm ngng thi cng. + Lnh thi cng tr li. - Bo co nh k ca t vn gim st vi Ch u t. b- Thnh lp vn phng t vn gim st: Sau khi nhn ton b cc h s ti liu c lin quan n vic qun l v iu hnh d n. Cng ty ra quyt nh thnh lp vn phng T vn gim st d n. * M hnh vn phng T vn gim st: Tu thuc vo tng d n m lp ln m hnh t chc thc hin.
ban gim c cng ty

phng t vn gim st

Trng t vn gim st (Ch nhim cng trnh)

K s- gim st nn -ng

K s- gim st cu, cng

K s- gim st mt -ng

K s- gim st Th nghim hin tr-ng

2- Cng tc hin trng.

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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

a- Lm vic vi CT v cc nh thu xy lp: - Tip nhn tuyn t Ch u t giao cho T vn gim st v nh thu. - Hp hin trng thnh phn gm c i din cc bn : T vn gim st, Ch u t (nu cn), cc Nh thu xy lp). Ra thng bo s 01/TVGS bao gm nhng ni dung c bn (Xem mu M1). - Cam kt ca cc Nh thu xy lp v nhng ni dung trong thng bo s 01/TVGS. - Nghin cu cc h s ti liu ca d n. b- Gim st, kim tra, n c cc nh thu thi cng xy lp thc hin. - Kim tra cng tc mt bng thi cng ca Nh thu: Dn dp phn t xy dng ng, xy dng cc x nghip v c s sn xut, cht cy nh gc, di chuyn cc cng trnh kin trc c, di chuyn m m ra khi phm vi mt bng thi cng. - Kim tra cng tc xy dng cc x nghip sn xut, lp t thit b, lm cc kho bi vt liu. - Kim tra cng tc xy dng nh , nh lm vic c loi phng th nghim hin trng. - Kim tra cng tc chun b xe my thi cng v vn chuyn xng sa cha xe my. - Kim tra cng tc tuyn chn v o to cn b thi cng v c kh. - Kim tra cng tc kho st li tuyn: Lp bn v thi cng (nu thit k hai bc), khi phc tuyn (nu thit k mt bc). - Kim tra qu trnh thc hin ca Nh thu theo cc ni dung cam kt trong bin bn hin trng. c- Song song vi cc cng vic trn, k s gim st hin trng cn phi kim tra cng vic c th sau: + Kim ra v ph duyt trang thit b ca phng th nghim v i ng nhn vin k thut ca Nh thu. + Kim tra th nghim v ph duyt cc c s khai thc hoc cung cp vt liu xy dng ca Nh thu. + Kim tra v ph duyt kt qu th nghim v kt qu thit k thnh phn cc hn hp vt liu ca Nh thu (b tng nha, b tng xi mng, va xy, ...). + Ch dn do Nh thu h thng mc nh v v mc cao (Nu c Ch u t giao mt bng). Kim tra cc s liu o c v cng tc khi phc tuyn, ln ga, quy trnh gim st hin trng - Bi vit gi ng www.ketcau.com 3

cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

phng tuyn, lm ng tm, ... ca Nh thu. + Thm tra, ph duyt thit k bn v thi cng chi tit v gii php thi cng ca Nh thu. Kim tra v ph duyt cc kt qu thi cng th im tng hng mc cng trnh theo quy nh. V vn ny th K s t vn gim st hin trng phi thng xuyn theo di cng vic thc hin ca cc Nh thu. Sau khi c kt qu th bo co vi K s trng K s trng t vn gim st thm tra ph duyt h s bn v thi cng hoc h s thit k k thut thi cng. + Gii thch r cc yu cu v tiu chun k thut quy nh trong hp ng thu cho Nh thu. + Kim tra cc bin php m bo an ton thi cng, bo v cng trnh, bo v mi trng ca Nh thu. + Kim tra vic lp k hoch v tin thi cng ca Nh thu. + Trong qu trnh gim st hin trng nu c vn g sai khc gia h s thit k so vi thc a th K s t vn gim st phi bo co ngay vi K s trng t vn gim st, K s trng t vn gim st gii quyt.
III- Nhim v ca t vn gim st.

1- Qun l tin thi cng. - Kim tra xc nhn tin thi cng chi tit v tng th, iu chnh tin thi cng cho ph hp vi thc t. - Gim st m bo thi cng theo h s thit k k thut (thit k 1 bc, thit k k thut thi cng, thit k bn v thi cng (thit k 2 bc). m bo an ton giao thng, an ton lao ng, khng gy nhim mi trng cng cng. - Gii quyt cc s c lin quan n cng trnh xy dng (nu c) xut gii php hp l, lp li tin thi cng chi tit v tng th nhm m bo d n thc hin ng tin . - m bo c bo co nh k hng thng cho Ch u t theo di. - xut cc gii php rt ngn tin thi cng chi tit v tng th trn c s m bo k thut v cht lng trong trng hp c s c, im nng, lnh thay i hp ng (nu c). T vn gim st phi lp bo co hng ngy v xut hng x l ph hp nhm m bo tin thi cng chung. - Xem xt xut cho ch u t cc phng n gii quyt tranh chp hp ng, vng mc gia cc Nh thu, m bo thi cng lin tc khng dt on. - Hng dn Nh thu, gip ch u t trong vic lp h s hon cng theo "Ni
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

dung, danh mc v mt s hng dn lp h s hon cng cng trnh giao thng cu, ng b" (Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 2578/Q/19978/GTVT ngy 19/10/1998 ca B trng B giao thng vn ti). - Tham gia v gip Ch u t nghim thu hon cng cng trnh theo iu 19 ca "Quy nh qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng" (Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 18/2000/Q-BXD ngy 27/6/2003 ca B trng B xy dng). 2- Qun l cht lng. * Kim tra v xc nhn mt bng thi cng, cc cng tc chun b thi cng nh thit b, h thng mc nh v, tim, ct, v.v.. * Kim tra thit k k thut c duyt v i chiu vi hin trng, pht hin nhng sai khc gia thc a v n thit k, xut vi Ch u t cc phng n x l gii quyt cho ph hp. * Thm tra, k chp thun bn v thi cng cng trnh, trnh Ch u t ph duyt. * Thm tra thit k t chc thi cng, phng n k thut thi cng, k hoch tin thi cng v ng gp kin xut. * Cng tc gim st cht lng bao gm: - Kim tra xc nhn nhn lc, vt lc, s lng, cht lng my mc thit b thi cng ca Nh thu. - Kim tra cht lng cc ngun cung cp, cc m vt liu v c xc nhn bng vn bn. - Kim tra cc bin php phng h an ton lao ng, an ton cho my mc thit b trong bin php t chc thi cng chi tit ca Nh thu. - C vn v tr gip ch u t v vic thnh lp phng th nghim hin trng gim st cc qu trnh th nghim. - Kim tra h thng m bo cht lng, xc nhn phng th nghim hin trng ca Nh thu v cc mt nh thit b th nghim, trnh v nng lc ca th nghim vin, gim nh v nghim thu kt qu th nghim ca Nh thu. - Gim st cng tc xy dng ng h s thit k, ng tiu chun k thut v quy trnh quy phm, c bit l cc cng trnh n du. - Pht hin cc sai st, h hng ca cc b phn cng trnh, bo co ch u t ch u t t trnh cp c thm quyn gii quyt. - Tham mu, xut cc gii php xy dng nhm m bo cht lng thi cng
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

cng trnh. * Nghim thu kp thi nhng b phn cng trnh thi cng xong m bo cht lng. * Thm tra quyt ton cng trnh. 3- Qun l gi thnh cng trnh. - Kim tra xc nhn nhng khi lng t cht lng theo tiu chun k thut, k xc nhn vo phiu nghim thu khi lng lm c s cho vic thanh ton. - Trng hp khi lng pht sinh ln, ngoi n thu, t vn gim st phi kim tra thc t, xut gii php x l, bo co Ch u t Ch u t trnh cp c thm quyn ph duyt. - Kim tra gim st cht ch trong qu trnh thi cng, xut cc gii php nhm gim gi thnh cng trnh cho ch u t. - Gip Ch u t tng hp cc vn lin quan n trt gi iu chnh d ton. 4- Quan h thc hin d n: * Quan h gia t vn gim st vi ch u t l quan h hp ng - Hp ng t vn gim st phi th hin y nhimv, trch nhim, quyn hn ca hai bn. Ch u t c trch nhim phi thng bo bng vn bn cho Doanh nghip xy dng bit danh sch, chc danh phng k s t vn gim st, ni dung gim st, trch nhim v quyn hn c giao. - Hp ng phi c cp c thm quyn ph duyt. * Quan h gia t vn gim st v doanh nghip xy dng. - Mi quan h c tnh hp tc, to iu kin thun li cho mi bn thc hin tt nhim v chung v nhim v ring. T vn gim st to mi iu kin cng tc kim tra v thu c tin hnh thun li. V khng gian v thi gian nhm m bo tin v cht lng cng trnh. Doanh nghip xy dng to iu kin t vn gim st trin khai thc hin tt cng tc gim st thi cng v qun l v cht lng. - Doanh nghip xy dng c trch nhim thng bo cho t vn gim st bit v thi gian, v tr, kt qu thi cng t vn gim st c th trin khai cng tc kim tra v nghim thu kp thi khng lm nh hng n tin thi cng. i vi cc hng mc c cng ngh k thut phc tp, trc khi thi cng phi c kin thng nht ca t vn gim st trng.
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

- Nu c tranh chp bt ng gia t vn gim st v Doanh nghip xy dng m khng t gii quyt c th phi kp thi bo co cp c thm quyn gii quyt. * Quan h gia t vn gim st v t vn thit k: - T vn gim st kim tra pht hin cc sai st trong h s thit k c duyt v bo co ch u t Ch u t trnh cp c thm quyn xem xt gii quyt. - Nu c s thay i ln m sai khc vi thit k k thut c duyt. T vn gim st trao i vi t vn thit k v bo co vi Ch u t Ch u t trnh cp c thm quyn xem xt v ph duyt. * Quan h gia t vn gim st vi a phng. - Tun th php lut Nh nc. - Tn trng phong tc, tp qun, tn ngng ca a phng. 5- Nghim thu cng trnh xy dng. Nghim thu cht lng thi cng cng trnh l mt qu trnh nh gi xc nhn cht lng thi cng theo thit k c duyt theo cc tiu chun k thut c quy nh trong h s thu v cc quy chun hin hnh ca Nh nc. * Cng tc nghim thu c thc hin theo iu 47 Quy ch qun l u t v XD (ban hnh km theo Ngh nh 52/1999/N-CP ngy 08/07/1999 ca Chnh ph) v iu 18 Quy nh qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng (Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 18/2003/Q-BXD ngy 27/6/2003 ca B trng B xy dng). Ch u t ra quyt nh tin hnh nghim thu, thnh phn tham gia gm c: - i din Ch u t. - i din Doanh nghip xy dng. - i din t chc TVGS thi cng xy lp. - i din t chc t vn thit k k thut hoc thit k k thut thi cng (nu c ch u t yu cu). - i din n v qun l khai thc. - i din c quan gim nh cht lng (theo phn cp) v c th mi thm mt s c quan lin quan tham d). * cng tc nghim thu t c kt qu tt, t vn gim st phi n c Doanh nghip xy dng mt mt m bo hng mc thi cng t yu cu v cht lng, v k thut, mt khc Doanh nghip xy dng phi c vn bn chnh thc ngh nghim thu, c bo co v qu trnh thi cng v nh gi cht lng thi cng quy trnh gim st hin trng - Bi vit gi ng www.ketcau.com 7

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ca Doanh nghip, km theo kin nhn xt nh gi ca T vn thit k. Bo co ca t vn gim st l c s quan trng gip Ch u t c nhn xt nh gi v quyt nh nghim thu hay khng. * Cc cng trnh khng c hnh thc nghim thu cp Nh nc th ch nghim thu mt cp do Ch u t t chc, ch tr theo cc bc vi hnh thc v ni dung nghim thu nh sau: Bc 1: Tin hnh nghim thu tng lp, tng t thi cng nhng cng trnh n khut, nhng kt cu chu lc, tng b phn hay tng hng mc cng trnh. - Cng trnh n khut l ch cc b phn trong qu trnh thi cng m kt thc cng tc ca mt trnh t cng vic trc, b trnh t cng vic sau lp kn, khng th tin hnh kim tra c. T vn gim st phi tin hnh kim tra kp thi theo yu cu thit k, quy trnh quy phm thi cng v cc dng c thit b kim tra ph hp lm c s cho cng tc nghim thu. - i vi cc phn vic cng trnh quan trng cng nh cc b phn hay hng mc cng trnh, t vn gim st phi cn c vo tiu chun nh gi cht lng nghim thu.
- Hnh thc: Ch u t ch tr, tham gia hi ng nghim thu c i din ca

doanh nghip xy dng, t vn thit k v t vn gim st.

- Ni dung: Kim tra i tng nghim thu, cc ti liu, kt qu nghim thu

nh gi cht lng vt liu v cht lng thi cng, o c kch thc hnh hc ... + i vi cc kt qu th nghim ca Doanh nghip xy dng v nh gi cht lng ca vt liu cng nh cht lng thi cng, t vn gim st c th chp nhn c nu c s theo di gim st lin tc. Trng hp ngc li, t vn gim st yu cu Doanh nghip xy dng cho kim tra, th nghim li v ly kt qu cho cng tc nh gi nghim thu. + Vi cc hng mc, b phn hay cng trnh n du quan trng ch u t mi Cc gim nh v qun l cht lng v qun l cht lng cng trnh giao thng cng tham gia. + Kt qu nh gi ca Hi ng nghim thu c lp thnh bin bn theo ph lc 13, ph lc 14 ca Quyt nh 18/2003/Q-BXD ngy 27/6/2003 ca B trng B xy dng v lm c s doanh nghip xy dng trin khai thi cng tip. Bc 2: Nghim thu chuyn giai on thi cng. - Khi kt thc mt giai on thi cng (nh kt thc giai on lm nn chuyn sang giai on thi cng mng mt ng ...), t vn gim st tin hnh nghim thu tng th quy trnh gim st hin trng - Bi vit gi ng www.ketcau.com 8

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cho c giai on thi cng . Kt qu nghim thu ny nh gi cht lng thi cng ca c giai on v chuyn tip sang thi cng giai on sau.
- Hnh thc: Ngoi bn thnh phn tham gia nghim thu (nh bc 1) ch u

t mi Cc gim nh v qun l cht lng cng trnh giao thng tham gia.
- Ni dung: Kim tra nh bc 1, ngoi ra vic kim tra l bt buc i vi:

+ Kt qu th nghim vt liu p nn, o c theo di cht lng gia c nu, kt qu th cc. + Kt qu th nghim b tng, th nghim thp, mi hn, lin kt bu lng v bu lng cng cao. + Kt qu o c kch thc hnh hc, h tim mc, s bin dng, s chuyn v, kt qu thm (nu c) ... ca kt cu hoc b phn cng trnh. + Kt qu o chiu dy v cc ch tiu th nghim ca cc lp sn. + Kt qu th nghim, hiu chnh, th nghim, vn hnh th ... cc thit b cng ngh. + i chiu cc kt qu trn vi thit k c duyt, vi tiu chun k thut trong h s thu v cc quy trnh quy phm hin hnh. - Kt qu nh gi ca Hi ng nghim thu c lp thnh bin bn theo ph lc 13 ca Quyt nh 18/2003/Q-BXD ngy 27/6/2003 ca B trng B xy dng v lm c s Doanh nghip xy dng trin khai thi cng giai on tip theo. Bc 3: Nghim thu kt thc, bn giao a cng trnh vo khai thc v s dng. cng tc nghim thu hon cng cng trnh c tt, t vn gim st ln k hoch chi tit cho ngi kim tra v nghim thu. Trn c s , Doanh nghip xy dng t chc t kim tra mi n v qun l khai thc i kim tra hin trng trc khi nghim thu khong 02 thng. Bin bn kim tra c lp c ghi y nhng tn ti, thiu st m doanh nghip xy dng cha gii quyt ht c. Doanh nghip xy dng c trch nhim phi sa cha xong ngay theo ng thit k, n v qun l khai thc s tin hnh phc tra trc thi gian nghim thu l 01 thng. Kt qu phc tra ny l c s ch u t quyt nh tin hnh nghim thu theo ng k hoch nh hoc chm li.
-Hnh thc: Ngoi 05 thnh phn tham gia nghim thu (nh bc 2) Ch u t

mi i din n v qun l khai thc tham gia vi t cch l thnh vin chnh thc.
- Ni dung:

+ Kim tra ton b trng thi cng trnh xy dng so vi thit k c duyt vi tiu chun k tht trong h s thu v cc quy trnh quy phm hin hnh. + Kim tra kt qu th nghim, chy th ng b h thng thit b cng ngh.
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+ Kim tra kim nh cht lng thi cng cng trnh, kt qu th ti cng trnh (i vi cng trnh c yu cu th ti). + Kim tra vic m bo cc iu kin php l v k thut cho php s dng nhng cng trnh k thut ngoi hng ro (nh u mi in, u mi nc, giao thng, cp quang ...). + Cc ti liu iu tra v x l s c xy ra trong qu trnh thi cng. + Kt qu phc tra v nhng tn ti. - i vi nhng b phn hng mc cng trnh hoc cng trnh c cc yu cu phng chng chy n hoc khi khai thc, s dng c tc ng xu n mi trng v an ton. Khi nghim thu a vo s dng phi c vn bn chp thun ca c quan qun l chuyn ngnh k thut ca Nh nc v cc yu cu nu trn. - Kim tra cht lng h s hon cng cng trnh "Ni dung, danh mc v mt s hng dn lp h s hon cng cng trnh giao thng cu, ng b" (Ban hnh theo Quyt nh 2578/1998/Q-GTVT - CG ngy 19/10/1998 ca B trng B giao thng vn ti. - Trong c ba bc nghim thu ny, t vn gim st ng vai tr quan trng gip Ch u t kim tra hin trng thi cng, h s ti liu cht lng thi cng (k c cc ti liu kim nh phc tra hay th ti ...) Bo co ca t vn gim st gip Ch u t c nhn xt, nh gi v quyt nh nghim thu hay khng nghim thu. - Sau khi kim tra, nu cng trnh xy dng hon thnh c cht lng t yu cu thit k, cc tiu chun k thut, cc quy chun hin hnh ca Nh nc, m bo an ton v phng chng chy n v sinh mi trng, h s hon cng y , Hi ng nghim thu lp bin bn nghim thu bn giao cng trnh a vo s dng theo ph lc s 14 ca Quyt nh 18/2003/Q-BXD ngy 27/6/2003 ca B trng B xy dng. - Bin bn nghim thu bn giao cng trnh xy dng hon thnh l vn bn php l cho php Ch u t a cng trnh vo khai thc s dng v quyt ton vn cng trnh, ng thi nh du thi im bo hnh cng trnh theo lut nh. - i vi nhng cng trnh quan trng hoc c yu cu k thut v cng ngh phc tp th Th tng Chnh ph quyt nh thnh lp "Hi ng nghim thu Nh nc" trn c s ngh ca B trng B xy dng hoc B trng cc B c d n kim tra xem xt cng tc nghim thu ca Ch u t (iu 18, 19 Quy nh qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng ban hnh theo Quyt nh s 18/2003/QBXD ngy 27/6/2003 ca B trng B xy dng). Trong trng hp ny, Ch u t c quyt nh thnh lp Hi ng nghim thu
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- c gi l "Hi ng nghim thu c s" lm t vn cho Ch u t trong cng tc nghim thu v c trch nhim gip Hi ng nghim thu Nh nc t chc thc hin cng tc nghim thu. Hi ng nghim thu c s c trch nhim nghim thu cng tc xy lp tng t, tng lp, cc kt cu xy dng, cc hng mc cng trnh n du, nghim thu chuyn giai on thi cng, nghim thu hon thnh cng trnh (nh nu trn). Khi tin hnh nghim thu hon thnh cng trnh, Ch u t mi i din ca Hi ng nghim thu Nh nc tham d chng kin, lp bin bn nghim thu theo ph lc 18 ca quy nh qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng (Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 18/2003/Q-BXD ngy 27/6/2003 ca B trng B xy dng). Trn c s bin bn nghim thu ca Hi ng nghim thu c s, Ch u t lp bo co v bng vn bn chnh thc ngh Hi ng nghim thu Nh nc kim tra v t chc nghim thu (ph lc 21). Bin bn nghim thu cng trnh hon thnh ca Hi ng nghim thu Nh nc c lp theo ph lc s 18 ca Quy nh qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng (ban hnh theo Quyt nh s 18/2003/Q-BXD ngy 27/6/2003 ca B trng B xy dng).
IV- Trnh t gim st nn ng.

1- Nhim v ca t vn gim st trc khi xy dng nn ng * c bn v thit k: K s t vn gim st phi c hiu y mi hng mc cng trnh ca d n v: - Cu to bn v. - Qu trnh tnh ton dn n bn v. - Pht hin nhng thiu st ca cc thnh phn thit k c trnh ln k s trng. - c cc ti liu kho st a cht v su hn na bit s dng n vo kim ton li cc hng mc cng trnh nn ng cn thit nh: + Tnh n nh nn ng qua vng t yu + Tnh n nh chung ton khi. + Tnh ln theo thi gian ... * c cc tiu chun quy nh cho hng mc cng trnh nn ng. Trong tp cc tiu chun k thut phn lin quan n xy dng nn ng bao gm cc cng vic: + Cng tc t cho ng.
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

+ Cu trc cc cng tc o + Cng tc thot nc. + Lp nn t. * Kim tra phm vi ch gii xy dng nn ng. - Kim tra xem trong phm vi mt bng xy dng d n gii phng cha. Lp c bnh v ton b khi lng cc khu vc nm trong vng cn gii phng mt bng cho ton tuyn trnh ln Ch u t. Cn c vo tin thi cng ca Nh thu (Sau khi c k s trng ng ) lp k hoch gii phng mt bng sau khi i th st hin trng v (nu thy cn thit). - Trong qu trnh kim tra mt bng xy dng cn phi ch cc cng trnh cng cng nm trong mt bng thi cng. + Cc cng trnh thu li ti tiu. + Cc cng trnh in lc phc v cho sn xut v i sng nh trm bin th, ng dy ti in, trm cung cp nc sch sinh hot. + Cc ng dy in thoi, in tn, cp quang. + Cc ng dy ng dn, dn ho cht c bit, dn hi t, dn nc phc v sn xut v i sng. + Trng hc, trm x, c quan lm vic ca a phng v Trung ng. + Cc nh, cha, cc cng trnh vn ho ca a phng xp hng di tch lch s ca a phng cng nh ca trung ng. * Kim tra cc h thng mc o c theo h s thit k phc v cho qu trnh thi cng: Trong qu trnh kim tra thy: - Nu cc cc cha c bo v tt (cha ng yu cu k thut) th yu cu Nh thu lm li. - Nu thiu cc, yu cu Nh thu lm thm cho . - Nu thy cn nghi ng th t vn gim st yu cu Nh thu kim tra li mc cao (c s theo di ca t vn gim st). - Kim tra xc xut nhng im thy nghi ng (Ton b h s ti liu ca Nh thu trnh theo cc ni dung thng bo s 01/TVGS). Nu khng ng, khng th K s t vn gim st hin trng yu cu Nh thu thc hin li di s gim st ca t vn gim st. * Kim tra phng th nghim hin trng: Tu theo tng d n, phng th nghim hin trng ca Nh thu c cc danh sch trong thit b ch yu cn phi c quy trnh gim st hin trng - Bi vit gi ng www.ketcau.com 12

cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

nh sau: - V th nghim t: + Phn tch thnh phn ht: 02 b sng 20 - 0,02mm, 01 cn 200g chnh xc n 0,2 gr, 01 cn chnh xc n 0,1g. + Xc nh m: 01 cn 100 g chnh xc n 0,1g v 01 t sy c th gi nhit nhit 100 - 1050c. + Xc nh gii hn do, gii hn chy: 01 b th nghim gii hn do v 01 b th nghim gii hn chy. + Th nghim m nn: 01 b m nn tiu chun v 01 b m nn ci tin. + Th nghim CBR: 01 thit b nn v 05 b khun. + Th nghim p ln trong phng (xc nh Eo): 01 b th nghim ca CBR v 01 tm p D = 5cm, gi lp t ng h o bin dng, 05 - 06 ng h o bin dng chnh xc n 0,1 mm v my nn. - Th nghim vt liu mng o ng. + Phn tch thnh phn ht: 0,1 0,2 b sng tiu chun 0,02 40mm v cn 1.000 gr chnh xc 0,5 gr. + Th nghim u nn: 01 b u nn tiu chun v 01 b u nn ci tin, 01 cn 10.000 gr chnh xc 0,5 gr. + Th nghim nn mt trc khng hn ch m rng (Dng cho vt liu mng c gia c cht lin kt v c): 01 my nn 10 tn. + Th nghim hao mn dm (100 LosAngeles): 01 b tiu chun LosAngeles. + Th nghim hm lng trong vt liu hoc th nghim ng lng ct Es: 01 b tiu chun. + Th nghim hm lng thoi di dt: 01 b tiu chun. - Th nghim b tng xi mng: + Th nghim phn tch thnh phn ht: + Th nghim xc nh st ca b tng: 01 my trn trong phng; 01 cn 100 kg; cc phu ong, 02 b o st v 01 my bn dung. + Th nghim cng nn mu: 01 my nn 10 tn; 01 b trang thit b dng h (c th khng ch m v nhit ); Cc khun c mu (15 x 15 x 15) cm hoc (20 x 20 x 20) cm.
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

+ Th nghim cng ko un hoc p ch: 01 b. + Xc nh nhanh dn ca ct liu: 01 cn 1.000g (chnh xc n 1g) v 01 t sy. - Cc trang thit b kim tra hin trng: + My o c: 01 my kinh v, 01 my thu bnh chnh xc quan trc ln v thc cc loi. + Kim tra cht bng phng php rt ct: 01 b thit b rt ct. + Xc nh m bng phng php dao ai t cn: 01 b th nghim t cn, dao ai v cn. + o vng trc tip di bnh xe: 01 cn Benkenman t l 2:1 cnh tay n di 2,5m; 01 gi lp thin phn k; 3 5 thin phn k. + Th nghim p ln hin trng: 01 kch gia ti 5 10 tn; Tm p D = 33cm; 01 gi mc thin phn k; 5 6 thin phn k. + Xc nh lng nha phun ti ti hin trng: Cc tm giy ba 1m2. + Khoa ly mu b tng nha: My khoan mu, ng knh 105 cm. + o bng phng: 01 b thc di 3m. * Kim tra cht lng cc th nghim vin (Kim tra tay ngh nhn vin th nghim nh chng ch hnh ngh, bng cp): T vn gim st cn phi hiu r c ton b cc my mc thit b v th nghim v nm vng c ton b cc my mc thit b v th nghim ca cc th nghim kim tra cht lng cng trnh giao thng. - Th nghim phn tch thnh phn ht: t, ct, , si .... - Th nghim v cht nn ng: Bng phng php DCP, bng phng php dao vng, bng phng php Kaveliep, bng phng php phu rt ct ... - Th nghim o vng n hi bng cn Benkanman. - Th nghim o phng bng thc di 3m. - Th nghim o nhm mt ng. - Th nghim m nn tiu chun. * Kim tra h s thit k thit k thi cng, tin v cc gii php k thut. - Kim tra h s thit k thi cng do Nh thu xy dng lp. - i chiu h s thit k thi cng xem c ng vi thit k giai on thit k k thut khng. Nu c khc th v sao khc, phi c cn c khoa hc. - Kim tra bn v v cc s liu tnh ton c th.
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

- Kim tra tin v ph duyt tin , k s t vn gim st xem xt cn thn h s trc khi trnh k s trng duyt, trnh Gim c iu hnh duyt ri bo co vi Ch u t. * Kim tra ngun cung ng vt liu cho Nh thu. - Kim tra m vt liu p nn ng v: + V tr. + Loi t, cc tnh cht c l t hay khng t ch tiu c quy nh trong tiu chun k thut 50.000m3/1 ln th nghim, 1 ln th nghim ly 3 mu. + Tr lng v ng vn chuyn ti hin trng. - Kim tra ngun cung cp cc vt liu c bit khng c trong nc nh: Vi a k thut, bc thm, cc loi vt liu ct mm gia cng nn t qua vng t yu. Yu cu Nh thu xut trnh quy cch ca nh sn xut cho tng loi vt liu. K s t vn gim st c th tin hnh th nghim kim tra li cc c s th nghim c t cch php nhn. - Kim tra n gi vt liu. * Kim tra my mc thit b phc v thi cng: - c tht k cc my mc thit b chng loi, tn my, nc sn xut v tnh trng hot ng ca cc my ghi trong h s trng thu. - Kim tra thc t, nu cn thit cho hot ng th cc loi my phc v cho cng tc thi cng nn ng: + Cc loi my xc (My o). + Cc loi my xc chuyn. + Cc loi my i. + Cc loi my san. + Cc loi my lu: Lu tnh, lu ng. + Cc loi my chuyn dng khc, trong c my m nn b mt ta luy, t, my khoan cc khoan nhi, my lao lp dm chuyn dng v.v... 2- i vi nn ng o thng thng. * Kim tra ln ga phng dng hin trng: Ngay ti hin trng trc khi thi cng th v tr tim, v tr nh ta luy (nh tri v nh phi), v tr rnh bin, rnh nh u phi c nh v chnh xc. - Kim tra gc v chiu di cnh tuyn.
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

- Kim tra cao thin nhin. - Kim tra cc mt ct ngang. - Kim tra h s du cc chi tit, h s du mc cao . Ch khi no Nh thu trnh h s khi phc tuyn, t vn gim st kim tra nu thy t ng theo h s thit k th Nh thu mi c php trin khai thi cng. Trong trng hp m mt s on tuyn ngoi hin trng khng ng vi h s thit k th: T vn gim st cng Nh thu kim tra li v lp bin bn bo co vi K s trng t vn gim st, K s trng t vn gim st bo co vi Ch u t, Ch u t s trnh ln cp c thm quyn xem xt v gii quyt. * Kim tra trong qu trnh thi cng: - Kim tra ni t (t thi) c ng quy nh khng, trnh cc trng hp t ra mi ta luy m (t mn) v ra ni lm cn tr dng chy ca cc cng trnh thot nc trong khu vc. - Kim tra t o c tn dng li p. - Kim tra cc bin php an ton lao ng khi thi cng trn cao hoc n mn. - Kim tra cht lng phn nn t cao thit k xem c ng nh thit k hay khng (theo ct a tng hoc h o khi kho st) kp thi a v cc gii php k thut thch hp nh cy xi, m li hoc thay th t... * Kim tra sau khi thi cng xong - Kim tra cao tim ng vai vai ng; Sai s cho php v cao khng qu 5cm v khng to dc ph thm 0,5%. - Kch thc hnh hc ca nn ng; Sai cho php 5cm trn on 50m di, nhng ton chiu rng nn ng khng ht qu 5cm. - Kim tra dc ca nn ng: Sai s cho php 0,005%. - Kim tra dc ngang, c dc siu cao cc ng cong un: Sai s cho php khng qu 5% ca dc thit k. - Kim tra dc mi ta luy, bng phng ca b mt mi ta luy: Sai s cho php khng qa (2; 4; 7) % dc thit k tng i vi chiu cao (> 6; 2 6. <2), khng qu 15% i vi nn cp I - IV. - Kim tra cht ca t nn ng: Sai s khong 1%. c bit lu , cc ng cp cao, trong khong 50 cm k t y o ng xung, Kyc = 0,98. Do vy phi kim tra cht nn t t nhin, nu khng t yu cu th phi tin hnh lu n khi t cht yu cu. quy trnh gim st hin trng - Bi vit gi ng www.ketcau.com 16

cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

- Kim tra cc loi rnh bin, rnh nh (chiu su rnh, chiu rng rnh, dc mi rnh, dc dc rnh, cao y rnh). - K nhn ti hin trng v bo co kt qu kim tra hng ngy cho k s trng theo mu quy nh. 3- i vi nn ng p thng thng. * Kim tra cht lng t p ti m vt liu: - V tr cung cp. -Tr lng c th cung cp c - Cht lng ca t - Kim tra nhng ch tiu: + T trng ht t (A) + Thnh phn ht + Trng thi ca t, m t nhin (W) gii hn chy (W) gii hn do (W P) ch s do IP. + Dung trng kh ln nht ( Kmax ) v m tt nht (Wo) + Gc ni ma st 4, lc dnh C + M un n hi Eh ( hoc CBR) Tr lng khong 10.000m3 th lm th nghim 1 ln, mi ln ly 3 mu ( Ly ngu nhin) v tnh tr s trung bnh ca 3 mu. * Kim tra cng tc m nn th im ( m nn th) - Chn on m nn th: on thng c Idc = 0% - Chn cng ngh m nn: Loi my lu dng m nn (thng chn loi c xc nh trong n thu), trnh t m nn( S m). - Chn on th nghim c chiu di L = 100cm, chia lm 5 on, mi on c chiu di 20m, trn mi on c s ln lu khc nhau. - Chiu dy lp vt liu t th im 20cm ( cht, trc khi ri cn xc nh h s ri rc (KTT). - ln ca t khi lu khng ch bng m tt nht ca loi t y (Wo). Trn thc t cho php sai s 1%), ng thi phi lu n thi tit m c th iu chnh cho ph hp. - Trnh t lu: Lu t mp nn ng vo tim ng, vt bnh lu ca ln sau trm ln vt bnh lu ca ln trc t (25 30) cm. Tc lu t thp n cao, hai lt u
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V = 2km/h, 4 lt tip V = (2,5 3)km/h, cc ln cn li 2,5 km/h. - Ly mu xc nh h s m nn k theo phng php phu rt ct mi mt on ly 3 mu trn mt mt ct ngang, mu 1 ly v tr mi mu cch mp nn ng t (2 4)m tu chiu rng ca nn ng. Xc nh s trung bnh ca 3 mu th nghim. Ktb =
K1 + K 2 + K 3 3

Tr s Ktb chnh l cht t c ca on th nghim trong nm on, chn tr s Ktb = Kyc m rng thi cng i tr v l cn c Nh thu theo di thi cng. Trong trng hp nu c 5 tr s Ktb u nh hn Kyc th phi tin hnh m nn li, thm s l t lu cho mi on v tip tc kim tra cht cho n khi t yu cu. Trng hp tng s lt lu m khng t yu cu th cn phi kim tra li cng ngh lu (loi lu, khng ph hp hoc loi t khng thch hp), k s gim st cn phi kim tra chi tit tip tc hng dn cho Nh thu trin khai li t u on m nn th n khi no t yu cu th mi chp nhn a vo thi cng tip i tr (Sau khi xc nh c loi lu v s cng ngh lu). * Kim tra cht lng nn p ti hin trng: - t p phi ng v tr ( ng tiu chun) nu thy nghi ng c sai khc loi t c duyt th t vn gim st c quyn nh thu ly mu t lm li th n c s gim st ca k s t vn gim st. Thng thng c 1000 m3/1 ln lm th nghim. - p theo tng lp u n vi chiu dy =(20 - 25) t khc lu phi c W= Wo c sc nh bng th No m nn iu chnh trong phng th No. Tng lp u c s kim tra cht t yu cu ( Ktt Kyc) Th nh thu mi c trin khai p lp tip theo. Sai s v cht so vi thit k cho php l 1% ( Ktt = Kyc + 1%). * Kim tra cng tc hon hin v nghim thu tng th theo tng giai on. - V phng mi Taluy nn p. - Nu phi p bao mi taluy hay trng c th phi c tin hnh ngay, trnh tnh trng ma xi mn. - Kim tra cao tim ng v vai ng. Sai s cho php v cao khng qu 5 cm v khng to ra dc ph thm 0,5%
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

-Kch thc hnh hc ca nn ng . Sai s cho php + 5 cm trn on 50 m di nhng ton b chiu rng ca nn ng khng ht qu 5 cm. - Kim tra dc ca nn ng: Sai s cho php + 0,0005 - Kim tra dc ngang, dc siu cao cc ng cong nm = Sai s cho php khng qu 5% ca dc thit k. - Kim tra dc mi Taluy, bng phng ca b mt mi Taluy: Sai s cho php khng qu ( 2,4,7)% dc thit k tng ng vi chiu cao ( > 6 , 2 =6, < 2) m. * Xc nhn khi lng p hon thnh: - Cc khi lng p ca Nh thu cn c theo h s thit k k thut thi cng ( H s bn v thi cng) c duyt. Cc k s t vn gim st hin trng k nhn ngay hin trng. - Trng hp khc vi n c duyt th. + Khi lng cng tc tng hay gim do s thay i iu kin a cht khc vi kho st ban u m t vn gim st ng cho thay i ( C bin bn km theo, c ch k ca Nh thu v ch k ca t vn gim st cho php). + Do s c bt thng nh thin nhin gy ra ( Ma, Bo, lt) khng phi bn thn Nh thu gy ra. Nu nhng thay i nh, khng ln th t vn gim st hin trng bo co k s trng t vn gim st chp thun th mi clm, nu khng c duyt th khng c thanh ton khi lng tha ny. Nu c nhng thay i ln th k s trng phi bo co ln ch u t, ln b ch qun xin kin ph duyt. Nh thu ch c thi ccng theo phng n mi sau khi c ch u t b ch qun ph duyt cho php dng phng n mi thay th phng n c. 4- i vi nn ng trong phm vi cu v cng thot nc ngang ng: * Cng tc p t trong phm vi m cu: Ngy sau khi xy dng xong m cu, cho tin hnh p t sau m cu theo ng yu cu cng ngh thi cng nn p t. - Dn sch cc vt liu khng thch hp v khi phm vi sau m cu, o b lp t khng thch hp ( nu c). - Kim tra cc loi vt liu c bit cn thit ( Nu c).
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

- Kim tra cc thit b thot nc sau m v cc thit b khc. - Kim tra cng tc p t. Phi p theo tng lp (20cm)lu ln cht t Kyc. V din hp nn chn thit b m nn thch hp, dng lu rung ti trng nh (2 3 )T iu khin th cng lu st vo thnh tng m, hoc c th dng m bn rung, m bn ri. Chn ti trng v chiu cao m phi cn c vo cng ngh m nn t c Kyc. - Nu c thit k c bit, kt hp p t vi dng cc loi vt liu khc hay t gia c th phi tun th theo ch dn k thut c duyt. - Nu chiu cao p ln phi tnh ton thi gian ch ln, t m nh thi gian thin hnh cng tc p t ny. Thng thng nn p sm t 95% ln tng cng mi c xy dng tm gim chn ln trn. - Kim tra v nghim thu: Tun th nh i vi nn p. * Cng tc p t trong phm vi cng thot nc ngang ng. - Kim tra vt liu dng p. - Kim tra thit b m nn: Sau khi lp t cng phi p theo tng lp = (15 20)cm lu ln cht t Kyc. V din hp nn chn dng thit b m nn cho thch hp. - Kim tra cht theo tng lp. - Kim tra v nghim thu: Tun th nh i vi nn p. * Ch : Nu Nh thu dng lu bnh st th sau khi kim tra cht t Kyc, trc khi p lp tip theo th t vn gim st hin trng phi yu cu Nh thu to nhm (Trnh tnh trng tch lp gia cc lp trn nn t tip).
V- Trnh t gim st cc cng trnh thot nc nh.

1- i vi cng tc xy dng rnh. * i vi rnh dc (rnh bin): - Kim tra kch thc hnh hc: Kch thc mt ct ngang, chiu rng y, chiu su rnh, dc dc rnh v chiu rng ming rnh. - Kim tra cht lng: Kim tra cht ca t y rnh v mi ta luy, b rnh (nu l nn p). Thng thng cht ca phn t ny bng cht ca t nn ng. - Trng hp rnh c gia c: Ngoi cc thng s kim tra trn th t vn gim st hin trng cn phi kim tra cht lng gia c nh: Quy cch v cht lng vt liu
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( hc, chm chn, ct, xi mng, mc va ...) Kim tra kt cu rnh xy (kch thc c np): Cn phi kim tra, dc dc ...). - Trng hp vi rnh kn (Rnh xy c np): Cn phi kim tra cc ni dung sau: + Kim tra cht lng m cht t pha di y rnh. + Kim tra cht lng lp m y rnh (Ct, va xi mng, dm). + Kim tra cht lng xy rnh. + Kim tra kch thc hnh hc. + Kim tra dc y rnh. + Kim tra cht lng lp va trt. + Kim tra cht lng v kch thc tm an. + Kim tra cht lng h ga. * i vi rnh nh. - Kim tra to tim v ln ga rnh. - Kim tra kch thc hnh hc: Kch thc mt ct ngang, chiu rng y rnh, chiu su rnh, dc dc rnh v chiu rng ming rnh. - Kim tra cht lng xy dng: Cht lng xy dng rnh, cht lng xy dng cc on chuyn tip vi bc nc, dc nc hoc ni....... xung sn dc, cht ca t y rnh v mi ta luy, .... cht lng gia c rnh (nu c). - Nu tn dng t o p b (g) chn nc pha ta luy m th cn kim tra vic nh cng trc khi p v dc thot nc pha trn mt. - Kim tra ni t trnh t thi khi o rnh tri xung ta luy ng vo, rnh bin v nn ng pha trc. * i vi rnh tp trung nc (Rnh dn nc). - Kim tra to tim rnh v ln ga rnh. - Kim tra kch thc hnh hc: Kch thc mt ct ngang, chiu rng y rnh, chiu su rnh, dc dc v chiu rng ming rnh. - Kim tra cht lng xy dng: cht ca t y rnh v my ta luy, ... cht lng gia c rnh nu c. 2- i vi cng tc xy dng cng thot nc. a - Kim tra h s thit k k thut v thit k BVTC (Thit k KTTC). * Kim tra ni dung ca h s.
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

- Kim tra bn v, cc quy nh v ch dn cng ngh (nu c), bn tnh (trong trng hp khng s dng thit k nh hnh), h s bn v thi cng v cc ti liu ch dn thi cng chi tit cho Nh thu trin khai. - Trong trng hp nu cn thit, t vn gim st c nghi vn pht sinh trong vic kim tra h s cn i hi Nh thu phi gii trnh, hay c ti liu bo co thm nh t c quan u quyn hay vic kim tra thc t ti hin trng v cc yu cu khc trong phm vi thm quyn lin quan ti cht lng v xc thc ca cng trnh cng. * Kim tra hp l ca phng n thit k. b - Ch to cc cu kin cng. - Vi thit k cng l b tng c sn theo nh hnh sn c v sn xut ti Nh my b tng c sn th k s t vn gim st c th khng cn gim st khu ch to m chi yu cu Nh thu c trnh cc chng ch cht lng ca ni sn xut. Trong trng hp ny th k s t vn gim st ch gim st khu vn chuyn v bc xp. - Nu sn xut ti cng trng th k s t vn gim st cn kim tra cng tc thit k thi cng ti cng trng, trang thit b, vt t, vt liu, nng lc ngi sn xut. - i vi kt cu b tng ti ch th cng tc gim st giai on ch to rt quan trng, bao gm gim st vic gia cng ct thp, ch to vn khun, lp ghp vn khun, t ct thp, cng tc chun b vt liu, cng tc b tng v cng tc bo dng v hon thin. K s t vn gim st cn phi thng xuyn theo di gim st cc ni dung trn thng xuyn, trong qu trnh theo di nu vi phm khu no th yu cu Nh thu khc phc v sa cha (hu b) khu . - i vi sn phm cng c sn th k s t vn gim st cn ch kim tra k lng cht lng sn phm cui cng. K s t vn gim st cn pht hin ra nhng khuyt tt trn sn phm, nh gi v phn loi cc khuyt tt no nh hng n cht lng v khng cho php s dng trong cng trnh hay i hi c bin php sa cha trc khi a vo s dng. - i vi cc loi cng ch nht (Mt ngn hay nhiu ngn) cng bn, cng vm thng c thi cng ti ch vi gio c nh. Trong trng hp ny k s t vn gim st phi ch gim st cng tc: Cng tc lp dng h gio vn khun, cng tc gia cng lp t ct thp, cng tc b tng, cng tc bo dng v hon thin. - Sai s cho php i vi cng trn b tng ct thp (22TCVN 159 - 86). sai lch gii hn Tn b phn
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

Chiu di (mm)

ng knh (mm)

cong (mm)

B dy (mm)

Khun c Ct thp Thnh cng

5 5 - 10; +5

2,5 +2 10

5 -

Mt ngoi ca cc cu kin cng trn b tng ct thp phi t c: + Cc vt r khng c ln hn 3 x 3 cm v tng s din tch r khng ln hn 5% tng din tch. + B dy tng bo v khng ln hn 5mm + Khng c cc vt nt, rn (mt c th nhn thy c). - Sai s cho php khi t vn khun (TCN - 166 - Q 1975) Tn sai s A- i vi kt cu ch to ti ch - x dch tim vn khun ca mng trong h o trn - Sai s v kch thc hnh hc ca mt ct ngang + Vn khun mng + Vn khun tr trn l mng + Vn khun dm, vm, cng, thanh v ct - Sai s so vi ng thng ng hoc so vi xin, thit k ca cc mt phng v vn khun vi cc ng giao ca chng: + Trn 1 mt chiu cao + Trn ton b chiu cao Ca mng Ca tr trn l mng Ca dm v vm - li lm cc b ca vn khun ln nht khi kim tra = thc g 2 mt B- Kt cu lp ghp - Sai s v kch thc trong ca mt ct ngang cc vn khun hnh hp + Ca cc khi b tng mng v tr + Ca khc ng + Ca cc khi v cu Trn 1 mt di Trn ton b chiu di V cc kch thc khc - g gh cc b ca cc b mt vn khun - Sai s v cc gc v mo ca cc b mt vn khun Tr s sai s (mm) 25 50 20 10 5 20 10 5 3

10 5 2 30 5 2
khng cho php

- Sai s cho php khi gia cng v lp t ct thp (166 - Q-TCN - 1975)
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

Tn sai s - Sai s v chiu di cc thanh ct thp chu lc a) i vi cc cu kin c ti ch + Trn 1 mt di + Trn c chiu di b) i vi cc b phn BTCT lp ghp + Trn 1 mt di + Trn c chiu di - Sai s v v tr ni un ct thp c ng knh + Di 20mm + Trn 20mm - x dch tim cc thanh ct thp ti mi hn i u - Sai s trong cc mi ni bng ming m + Theo chiu di ming m + Theo x dch o vi tim khe h gia cc thanh ni - Sai s trong cc mi hn h quang + Theo chiu di + Theo cc kch thc tit din ngang - Sai s v cc kch thc ca cc nc - Sai s v cc kch thc cc khung v li a) i vi cc kt cu c ti ch + Trn 1 mt di + Trn c chiu di + V chiu cao v chiu rng b) i vi cc kt cu lp ghp + Trn 1 mt + Trn c chiu di + V chiu cao v chiu rng - Sai s v khong cch gia cc thanh chu lc trong /k m bo khong cch nh nht. + i vi ct thp gin n (n gin) + i vi ct thp chn nhiu hng - Sai s v cc kch thc mt li, v cc kch thc gia cc thanh phn b, cc thp chong v sai s v cch t cc thanh ny. - Sai s v b dy ca lp bo h + Ti cc bn mng v cc bn ct + Ti cc kt cu khc - Sai s v v tr cc tim ca cc thanh cnh u cc khung ni ti ch vi cc khung khc - Sai s v v tr cc mi Ch thch:

Sai s cho php

5mm 30mm 2mm 10mm 30mm 50mm 0,1d 0,1d 0,5d 20mm 2mm +1,0d 5mm 30mm 10mm 2m 10mm 5mm 5mm 2mm 0,1s 10mm 5mm 5mm 12

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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

+ Cc kch thc ca cc khung v cc li : o gia tim ca cc thanh ngoi cng v ng xp xuyn vi cc mc u + Cc k hiu. d- L ng knh tnh ton ca ct thp s- L khong cch gia cc thanh ct thp trong li v gia cc ct thp chong vi nhau. - Cc sai s cho php b sung i vi cc kt cu BT v BTCT (166 - Q TCN 197) Sai s cho Tn cc sai s php (mm) - Sai s ca cc mt phng l din, nm ngang, nm nghing so vi v tr thit k + Trn mt mt mt phng 5 + Trn ton b mt phng 20 - Sai s v cao cc mt phng dng lm gi ta cho cc v cu 5 c- Thi cng cng. * Kim tra vt liu xy dng cng v cng tc c ng cng: - i vi cc vt liu ri (, gch, ct, xi mng ...) th k s t vn gim st kim tra theo tiu chun vt liu dng cho b tng xi mng thng thng. Ch yu da vp cc chng ch vt liu ni sn xut. Trong trng hp c nghi ng th k s t vn gim st s t ly mu v kim tra li ti cc phng th nghim hin trng hoc gi v cc phng th nghim t tiu chun quc gia kim tra cht lng. - i vi cc t cng ch to sn, k s t vn gim st cn c vo cc chng ch xut xng kim tra. C th dng phng php siu m hoc sng bn b tng kim tra xc sut cht lng ng cng. - i vi cc ng cng t ch to v cng ti ch cn kim tra theo trnh t sau: + Vt liu b tng: , ct, xi mng v t l hn hp b tng theo mc thit k m Nh thu trnh. + Kim tra ct thp, chng loi, s lng, quy cch, kch thc v cc mi ni (hn hoc nt buc), mc thp vn chuyn. + Kim tra vn khun. + Kim tra quy trnh b tng.
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

+ Kim tra qu trnh bo dng b tng. + Kim tra hon thnh: Kch thc hnh hc, mc b tng, nhm (nhn) b mt trong v ngoi ng cng; + Kim tra cc khp ni: * Kim tra cng tc o to v chun b my cho cc cng trnh cng. - Kim tra cng tc b tr thot nc mt trong qu trnh thi cng. - Kim tra cng tc b tr thot nc ngm. - Kim tra cc bin php gia c chng sp vch t trong qu trnh o. - Trong trng hp h mng ngp nc; K s t vn gim st cn phi kim tra bin php lm vng vng ngn nc ca Nh thu. - Kim tra bin php an ton lao ng. - Kim tra bin php m bo giao thng. - Kim tra kch thc hnh hc h mng: Cao tim, cao thng lu , cao h lu, dc mi ta luy h mng, b rng y v ming h mng... * Kim tra cng vic xy dng lp m dm ( cng). - Trong trng hp thng thng: Sau khi o h mng n cao thit k, th phi m cht lp t di cng t Kyc (nu khng c ch dn c bit th cht lp t di y cng bng cht ca t nn ng). Khi gp t di h mng c cht lng xu, khng ng nh trong h s kho st th k s t vn gim st phi bo co ngay cho trng t vn gim st xin bin php khc phc v x l. - Trong trng hp gp h mng khng ng theo lut h s thit k: Sau khi trng t vn gim st v cc c quan ch qun ng phng php x l h mng th k s t vn gim st s gim st thi cng xy lp theo phng n mi c ph duyt (o bc b lp t yu v thay th bng lp cp phi khc m nn hoc t Kyc; ng cc tre gia cng h mng; Ri vi a k thut; Xy dng mt b phn p bng hc ...). - Kim tra cng tc ri v m cht lp vt liu m mng (Ct hoc dm). * Kim tra cng tc lp t cng, ng cng BTCT. - i vi cng v ng cng BTCT lp ghp. + Kim tra cng tc lp ghp cng t ng tim cng v dc hay cha? + Cc t cng BTCT phi t cn thn, u c g t pha thng lu, u c ming lp hon ton vo u c g, ng theo tim cng (tim dc cng) v dc t
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

yu cu. + Trc khi t cc on ng cng BTCT k tip nhau, na di ca g ca on trc phi trt va xi mng pha trong dy lm cho mt trong ca cc ng i u nhau y trn va ra v lm cho bng phng. ng thi na trn ca g ca ng k tip cng phi trt va tng t nh vy. + Sau khi lp t ng cng BTCT, phn cn li ca mi ni phi c nhi y va xi mng M150 v phi dng thm va lm thnh mt ng gn chung quanh mi ni. Pha trong mi ni phi lau sch v lm cho nhn. Va pha ngoi phi gi cho m trong 2 ngy hoc cho n khi ngi k s t vn gim st cho php mi tin hnh lp t. - i vi cng ti ch th k s t vn gim st kim tra theo trnh t sau: + Kim tra lp t vn khun cng. + Kim tra cng tc chun b b tng v qu trnh b tng nh cng trnh b tng thng thng. + Kim tra quy trnh lp t ng cng: Khi lp t ng cng cn phi nhi y nhng v tr khng kht gia ng cng v cng. + b tng hai pha bn hng ng cng (Nu cng lm 2 t). + Lp t ng cng (theo trnh t trn). * Kim tra cng tc p t trn thn cng. - Kim tra vt liu p: Dng vt liu p phi ng m quy nh, t p trn thn cng gm c t hoc si khng c bn, cy c v cht hu c, khng ln c kch c > 25mm - Phi p i xng 2 bn v theo tng lp (15 20) cm t di ln. - Tng lp phi c kim tra cht bng Kyc. - p t phi cao hn nh cng ti thiu 0,5m v p sang hai bn vi mt khong cch bng 1,5 ln ng knh ca cng k t ng tm cng. K s t vn gim st cn phi ch n cng tc m nn pha di cc hng cng sao cho cht t Kyc thit k. - Cc thit b vn chuyn t v lu ln ny ch c hot ng cch cng 1,5m khi cng cha c lp t nht 0,6m bn trn cng. Cc thit b nh c th hot ng bn trong gii hn trn vi iu kin l t p c v m ln cao hn nh cng l 0,3m. * Kim tra cng tc xy dng u cng, h ga, gia c thng lu v h lu cng.
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

- Kim tra lp mng pha di (lp t nn mng m cc cng trnh t ln trn), lp t ny phi c cht Kyc bo n nh v chng ln cc b. -Kim tra cng tc xy hc, cng tc b tng (nu c). - Kim tra cht lng xy, cht lng b tng, kch thc hnh hc. - Kim tra s lin kt gia cng v ng cch trnh tnh trng sau khi xy dng v hon thin th cng trnh b tc, nt gia phn tng u v t cng hoc b ln cc b. - Kim tra ton b cc kch thc hnh trc khi cho php nm thn xy dng nh: Gia c pha thng lu, h lu, cc g tiu nng, bc nc, dc nc... * Kim tra tng th cui cng trc nghim thu. - K s t vn gim st cn thit phi kim tra tng th cng trnh trc khi nghim thu v bn giao. Cng vic ny thng bao gm vic o c chung, kim tra cng b tng, va nng, lp bn v khuyt tt (nu c) v nh gi mc trm trng ca cc khuyt tt, nu cn thit cn i hi phi c cc bc sa cha khuyt tt. - Trong trng hp c bit i vi nhng cng kp c ng knh ln hay cng ln th k s t vn gim st c th thng nht vi ch u t yu cu c h s kim tra nh gi chung ca mt n v c chc nng kim tra nh gi cht lng trc khi tin hnh cc th tc nghim thu v bn giao. VI. trnh t gim st xy dng mng mt ng 1- Mng ng cp phi dm tiu chun a, Kim tra lp mng di (Nn ng): - Kim tra cht (KYC), bng phng ca nn ng : Sau khi hi ng nghim thu ng nghim thu nn ng c yu cu khc phc sa cha cc im h hng cc b th k s t vn gim st cn phi gim st Nh thu khc phc sa cha t yu cu th mi cho php Nh thu trin khai thi cng lp mng ng cp phi dm (CPD). - i vi nn t : Khng c ri mng CPD trc tip trn nn t ct. K s t vn gim st cn phi yu cu Nh thu kim tra cng nn ng v theo di qu trnh thc hin ca Nh thu. Cng nn ng phi c tr s m un n hi E400(Kg/cm2) hoc CBR7 (Cn phi tun th theo yu cu k thut ca h s thit k c cc cp c thm quyn ph duyt). - i vi lp mt ng c : K s t vn gim st cn phi pht hin v s l trit cc h hng ca kt cu mt ng c nh h cao su, g, yu cu Nh thu bc b v v sa, b vnh mt ng trc khi thi cng lp CPD (Nh thu ch c php thi cng kt cu mng CPD sau khi v g, s l h mng cao su t
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

yu cu). - i vi lp mng CPD thi cng lm hai lp : Trc khi ri lp mng trn bng CPD th K s t vn gim st yu cu Nh thu phun nc di dng sng m trn b mt lp mng di m bo s dnh kt gia hai lp. b, Kim tra cht lng vt liu : * Cp phi vt liu : Phi m bo nm trong ng bao tiu chun c quy nh trong ch dn k thut hoc quy trnh. K s t vn gim st cn phi kim tra cht ch thnh phn cp phi vt liu tt c cc khu nh m, ti bi tp kt trong phm vi cng trng. - ng bao tiu chun cp phi dm theo quy nh ca quy trnh 22-TCN252-98 nh sau :
Kch c l sng vung (mm) Lng lt qua sng (%) DMax = 50(mm) DMax = 37,50(mm) DMax = 25(mm)

50,00 100 37,50 70 -:- 100 100 25,00 50 -:- 85 72 -:- 100 100 12,50 30 -:- 65 38 -:- 69 50 -:- 85 4,75 22 -:- 50 26 -:- 55 35 -:- 65 2,00 15 -:- 40 19 -:- 43 25 -:- 50 0,425 8 -:- 20 9 -:- 24 15 -:- 30 0,075 2 -:- 8 2 -:- 10 5 -:- 15 - ng bao tiu chun ca cp phi dm lm mng trn v mng di theo quy trnh AASHTO-M147 vi 3 loi thch hp (Loi A, loi B v loi C) c quy nh nh sau:
Kch c l sng vung (mm) Lng lt qua sng (%) Cp phi loi A Cp phi loi B Cp phi loi C

50,00 100 100 25,00 75 -:- 95 100 9,50 30 -:- 60 40 -:- 75 50 -:- 85 4,75 25 -:- 55 30 -:- 60 35 -:- 65 2,00 15 -:- 40 20 -:- 45 25 -:- 50 0,425 8 -:- 20 15 -:- 30 15 -:- 30 0,075 2 -:- 8 5 -:- 20 5 -:- 15 Ch : Trong quy trnh ny t vn gim st c th xem xt v la chn lng lt qua sng 0,075(mm) v pha cn di lng ht nh hn 0,075(mm) nh i m bo cht lng cng trnh. * Cc ch tiu v cht lng ca ct liu : Vt liu lm cp phi dm phi m bo yu cu ca Quy trnh cng nh cc ch dn k thut m d n ra, c th l cc ch tiu k thut sau :
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

+ Ch tiu Los-Angelet (L.A) + Ch tiu Attetberg (Gii hn chy v gii hn do) + Ch tiu ES (Hm lng st) + Hm lng ht dt + T l ht c nghin v Cc yu cu vt liu cp phi dm phi m bo cht lng quy nh theo tiu chun Vit nam trong TCN 252-98 c quy nh nh sau : Yu cu cht lng ca dm cp phi theo 22 TCN 252-98
Ch tiu Los-Angeles (L.A) (Th nghim AASHTO-T96), %

Loi 1

Loi tng mt Cp cao A1 Cp cao A2 Cp cao A1

Mng trn 30 35 Khng dng 35 40

Mng di Khng dng Khng dng 35 40 50

Loi II

Cp cao A2 Cp thp B1 Gii hn chy (Wt) Khng th nghim c Khng ln hn 25 ES > 35 ES > 30

Ch tiu Atterberg (Th nghim theo tiu chun Vit nam TCVN 4197-95)

Loi i Loi II Loi I Loi II Loi I Loi II

Ch s do Khng th nghim c Khng ln hn 6

Hm lng st - Ch tiu ES (Th nghim theo TCVN 344-86)

Ch tiu CBR (Th nghim AASHTO-T193)

CBR 100 vi K=0,98 ngm nc 4 ngy m CBR 80 vi K=0,98 ngm nc 4 ngy m

Hm lng ht dt (Th nghim theo 22 TCN - 57 - 84)

Loi I Khng qu 10% Loi II Khng qu 15% Ch : - Phn cp loi tng mt o ng theo '' Quy trnh thit k o ng mm 22 TCN-211-93 '' quy nh nh sau : + Tng mt cp cao A1 : B tng nha cht. + Tng mt cp cao A2 : B tng nha ri ngui v m, trn c lng nha, thm nhp nha. + Tng mt cp thp B1 : gia c cht lin kt v c lng nha - Phn loi dm cp phi theo 22 TCN 252-98 nh sau : + Loi I : Ton b ct liu (K c c ht nh v mn) l sn phm c nghin quy trnh gim st hin trng - Bi vit gi ng www.ketcau.com 30

cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

t sch, mc bm bn khng ng k, khng ln phong ho v tp cht hu c. + Loa II : Ct liu l sn phm c nghin t hoc cui si, trong ct liu ht nh t 2.00(mm) tr xung c th l khong vt t nhin khng nghin chim khng vt qu 50(%) khi lng tng cng. * Xc nh cht lu ln : c tin hnh trong phng th nghim theo quy trnh AASHTO-T180 phng php D (m nn bng ci Proctor ci tin). Vi mt loi cp phi , tin hnh to mu v m nn 5 n 6 mu c m thay i (Thng thng t 1 n 2%). Trn c s quan h gia khi lng th tch kh (g/cm3) v m (%) ca cc mu, xc nh c khi lng th tch kh ti u (Kmax, g/cm3) v m tt nht (W, %), lm c s cho vic xc nh cht lu ln K, cng nh m thch hp thi cng m ln th im cng nh cho vic thi cng i tr. * Xc nh ch tiu CBR : Trn c s khi lng th tch kh ti u v m tt nht bit, tin hnh to mu v m nn theo quy trnh AASHTO-T180 phng php D. Sau khi ngm mu bo ho nc 96 gi, tin hnh th nghim CBR trn my nn chuyn dng. c, Kim tra v cng ngh thi cng : * Kim tra cng tc trn cp phi vt liu : Khi cp phi vt liu c sn xut ra khng tho mn yu cu v thnh phn cp phi quy nh, cn thit phi trn. Vi cp phi sn xut thiu lng ht nh (T 2mm tr xung), th c th trn thm vt liu ct xay hoc vt liu khong mn c ch s do nh hn 6 v gii hn nho nh hn 25. Vic trn vt liu cp phi theo cc yu cu quy nh phi c tin hnh trm trn ngay ti ni sn xut. Khng cho php trn trm trn trn dc tuyn hay trm trn trn ng sn xut hn hp CPD. C 150(m3) hoc 01 ca thi cng th tin hnh kim tra thnh phn ht, t l ht dt, ch s do hoc ng lng ct (ES). * Kim tra cng tc ri vt liu : + Vt liu CPD c a n v tr ri bng cc xe chuyn dng (Nn ng, lp mng di hay lp mt ng c) di dng mt hn hp ng u vi m ng u v nm trong phm vi quy nh. + Vic ri CPD phi tin hnh bng my ri, c bit l lp mng trn. i vi lp mng di, trong trng hp bt c d th c th cho php dng my san t hnh bnh lp san ri CPD. K s t vn gim st cn phi kim tra cht ch thnh phn ht, m tt nht, kch thc hnh hc, b dy san ri, thit b lu ln, trc khi ri trnh trng hp phn tng trong qu trnh san ri. Trong trng hp nu kim tra trong qu trnh thi cng thy vt liu b phn lp th t vn gim st phi yu cu Nh thu sa li hoc loi b v thay th bng m trn khc. + Chiu dy lp san ri phi tnh n h s ln p m bo sau khi lu ln t c chiu dy thit k. Chiu dy ti a ca lp thit k sau khi m nn khng c vt qu 15(cm) n 18(cm). Nu s lp ri ln hn 2 th chiu dy cc lp cng gn nhau cng tt. + Nu khng c vn khun, m bo cht lng lu ln th cn phi ri rng thm 20(cm) sang hai bn (Bn phi v bn tri tuyn). + Ch : Khng c ri CPD khi tri ma. Tuyt i khng c dng my
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

i san ri lp CPD. * Kim tra cng tc m nn : - C s kim tra : Da trn c s kt qu m nn th im ca Nh thu v da trn c s cc kt qu th nghim lin quan n lp vt liu cp phi dm. - Kim tra m ca lp vt liu CPD nm trong phm vi cho php ( m thi cng lp CPD : Di 2% v trn 1% so vi m ti u). Nu vt liu kh th phi tin hnh phun nc bng cc trang thit b chuyn dng nh : Xe ti nc, bm c vi ti cm tay, bnh ti th cng. - Kim tra trnh t lu ln : Vic lu ln phi c tin hnh dc theo mp ng v di dn vo tim ng theo hng dc tuyn, cc on c siu cao th c bt u lu t pha thp sang pha cao. Phi lu theo s lu c xc nh trong on th im m nn th, lu ln n khi khng cn vt bnh lu hn trn b mt cp phi. Trnh t lu nh sau : Lu ln p s b bng lu tnh bnh st c ti trng t 6(T) n 8(T) v lu bnh lp vi ti trng bnh 2.5(T) n 4(T) trn mt bnh, hon thin bng lu tnh bnh st c ti trng t 8(T) n 10(T). Trong trng hp nu lu bng bnh thp lm cho vt liu b v qu nhiu th c th thay th bng lu bnh lp (Tu thuc vo bn thit k thnh phn cp phi dm, k s t vn gim st cn phi kim tra k cng tc th nghim thit k thnh phn ht ca cp phi v cng gc,) * Kim tra cng tc bo dng : + Khng c cho xe c qua li trn lp cp phi dm trong trng hp cha ri lp mng trn hoc cha c ti thm. Trong thi gian cha ti thm phi thng xuyn gi m cho lp cp phi dm, trnh tnh trng kh b mt s lm cc ht mn bc bi. + Sau khi thi cng xong lp mng trn v trong trng hp cn phi m bo giao thng th cn thit phi nhanh chng thi cng lp nha ti thm trn lp mt, sau t mt ln trn chng dnh.. Yu cu vt liu ti thm v mt phi theo ng ch dn ca d n nu trong ch dn k thut hoc cc quy trnh lin quan. Thng thng vi nha pha du c th s dng t l 30 phn duho cho 100 phn nha c 60/70, vi nha lng th s dng loi MC, vi nh tng s dng loi phn tch va MS. d, Cng tc kim tra v nghim thu (Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu cp phi dm trong kt cu ng t, 22 TCN 252-98): * Kim tra trong giai on thit k : nh gi cht lng vt liu CPD phc v cho cng trnh v lm c s xc nh cht lu ln cng nh m ti u. Khi Nh thu thay i m hoc loi sn xut th phi tin hnh cc th nghim kim tra. Cn c theo yu cu quy trnh hoc ch dn k thut ca d n quyt nh kh nng s dng. Trong giai on ny k s t vn gim st cn phi kim tra nhng ni dung sau :
STT Hng mc kim tra Khi lng mu Ghi ch

1 2 3

Thnh phn ht Ch s do Hm lng st (Hoc ch tiu ES)

Vt liu ly ni sn xut hoc ti trm trn. Tu thuc vo mc ng u v quy trnh gim st hin trng - Bi vit gi ng www.ketcau.com 32

T mu T mu T mu

cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

4 5 6 7

T l ht dt mi mn LA Th nghim m nn tiu chun Th nghim CBR

T mu T mu T mu T mu

* Kim tra trong qu trnh thi cng : Trong qu trnh thi cng k s t vn gim st cn phi thng xuyn theo di v kim tra cc ni dung sau :
STT Hng mc kim tra Khi lng mu Mt kim tra

01 mu 01 mu 150(m3) vt liu hoc 01 mu 01 ca thi cng. 01 mu 01 mu 5 m 01 mu 6 cht 800(m2) * Kim tra trong giai on nghim thu : K s t vn gim st kim tra v nghim thu theo cc ch tiu kim tra sau :
STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ch tiu kim tra cht B dy Cao Chiu rng dc ngang bng phng bng thc di 3m Sai s cho php KThit k 5(%) 10(mm) 5(mm) 10(cm) 0,5(%) ca dc thit k Khe h ln nht 5mm Khe h ln nht 10mm i vi lp mng di. i vi lp mng trn. Ghi ch C 700(m2) kim tra 03 im ngu nhin. 10(mm) i vi lp mng di. 5(mm) i vi lp mng trn. i vi lp mng di. i vi lp mng trn.

1 2 3 4

Thnh phn ht Ch s do Hm lng st (Hoc ch tiu ES) T l ht dt

2- Mt ng lng nha + Cn c vo ch dn k thut thi cng ca d n. + Cn c vo quy trnh quy phm m d n p dng. a, Kim tra vt liu : * Kim tra : - dng trong lp lng nha phi c xay ra t tng, ni. C th dng cui si xay vi yu cu phi c trn 90(%) khi lng ht nm trn sng 4,75(mm) v c t nht hai mt v. - Khng c dng xay t Mc-n, sa thch, dip thch st.
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

sau :

- Cc chi tiu c l ca xay t cc loi gc phi tho mn cc quy nh

Cc ch tiu c l quy nh cho dng trong lp lng nha

Cc ch tiu c l ca 1- Cng nn (daN/cm2) : + con xay t mc ma, bin cht + con xay t trm tch 2 - hao mn Los Angeles (LA),(%) : + i vi mc ma, bin cht + i vi trm tch

Gii hn cho php 1000 800 (600) 25 (30) 35 (40)

Phng php th nghim TCVN-1772-8 (Ly chng ch t ni sn xut)

AASHTO T96-87 Bng mt kt hp vi xc nh bng sng. Bng mt kt hp vi xc nh bng sng. Theo 22 TCN 63-84

3 - Hm lng cui si c xay v (c t nht hai mt v) trong khi lng cui si 90 nm trn sng 4.75mm, (%) 4 - T s nghin cu cui si 4 Rc=DMax/dMin 5 - dnh bm ca vi nha t yu cu

Ghi ch : + Cc tr s trong ngoc ( ) dng cho ng cp 40 tr xung theo TCVN 4054-1998 "ng t yu cu thit k ". + Kch c ca vin cui si () xay : DMax- C ln nht, dMin-C nh nht. - Kch c : dng trong lp lng nha c quy nh bng sau :
cc loi kch c dng trong cc lp lng nha (theo l sng vung)

C (d/D) mm

dMin danh nh

DMax danh nh

Ghi ch

16 ( 5/8'' ) n 19 ( 3/4'' ) 9,5 ( 3/8'' ) n 16 ( 5/8'' ) 4,75 (N04) n 9,5 ( 3/8'' )

16 10 5

20 16 10

tin li khi gi tn kch c lm trn cc kch c.

+ Lng ht c kch c ln hn "D" khng c vt qu 10(%) v ln hn (D+5mm) khng c vt qu 3(%) khi lng. + Lng ht nh hn "d'' khng c ln hn 10(%) v nh hn 0,63d khng c qu 3(%) khi lng. + Vin phi c hnh khi, sc cnh. + Lng ht thoi dt khng qu 5(%) khi lng (Th nghim theo TCVN 1772-87). + Lng ht mm yu v phong ho 3% khi lng (Th nghim theo TCVN 1772-87). + phi kh ro v sch. Hm lng bi st trong khng vt qu 1% khi lng; Lng st di dng vn hn khng qu 0,25% khi lng (Th nghim theo TCVN 1772-87). + dnh bm gia v nha pha t '' t yu cu '' tr ln theo 22 TCN
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

63-84. Trong trng hp dnh bm vi nha khng t yu cu th ch c php s dng khi p dng bin php ci thin b mt ca bng cc loi ph gia khi c cp c thm quyn cho php. * Kim tra nha : - Thi cng lng nha dng nha c bn c s dng l loi nha c gc du m c kim ln 60/70 un n nhit 1600C khi ti. Tu theo vng kh hu nng v loi T vn thit k c th cho php dng loi nha 40/60. Cc loi nha c trn phi t cc yu cu k thut quy nh trong 22 TCN 227-95. - Nha ti thm bm trn mt lp mt ng l loi nha lng c tc ng c trung bnh MC70 hoc MC30, nu dng nha c 60/70 pha vi du ho theo t l du ho chim 35% n 40% v ti thm nhit 600C. C th dng nha nh tng axit phn tch va hoc chm theo tiu chun ngnh 22 TCN 227-95. - Trc khi s dng nha phi kim tra h s v cc ch tiu k thut ca nha v phi ly mu th nghim li theo quy trnh 22 TCN 231-96 v th nghim theo 22 TCN 63-84.
tiu chun vt liu nha c dng cho ng b

Cc ch tiu STT th nghim kim tra

Tr s tiu chun theo cc cp kim ln n v 40/60 60/70 70/100 A - Cc ch tiu bt buc 0,1mm 40-60 60-70 0-100

Phng php th nghim

kim ln 25 C ko di 250C 5cm/pht Nhit ho mm Nhit bt la T l kim ln ca nha sau khi un 1630C trong 5h so vi kim ln 250C Lng tn tht sau khi un 1630C trong 5h Lng ho tan trong Trichloroethylene (C2CI4)

2 3 4

cm
0

Min:100 Min:100 Min:100 49-58 46-55 43-51

C C

Min:230 Min:230 Min:230

22 TCN 63-84 ASTM D5-86 AASHTO T49-89 22 TCN 63-84 ASTM D133-86 AASHTO T81-89 22 TCN 63-84 AASHTO T51-89 22 TCN 83-84 ASTM D92-85 AASHTO T48-89 ASTM D6/D5 ASTM D6-80 AASHTO T47-83 ASTM 2042-81 AASHTO T40-901

Min: 80

Min: 75

Min: 70

Max:0,5

Max:0,5

Max:0,8

Min:99

Min:99

Min:99

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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

8 1 2

Khi lng ring 250C dnh bm vi Hm lng Paraphin

g/cm3

1,0-1.05

1.0-1.05

1.0-1.05

ASTM 2042-81 AASHTO T40-901

B - Cc ch tiu tham kho 22 TCN 63-84 S c quy nh ring

* Kim tra v nha : - Lng v nha yu cu tu theo loi lng mt v th t lt ri c quy nh theo bng sau :
nh mc v nha trong cc lp lng mt

Loi lng mt Mt lp Hai lp Ba lp

Chiu dy (cm) 1,0 1,5

Nha Th t ti Lng nha (Kg/m2) 1,2 * 1,5 (1,8) 1,5 (1,8) 1,2 1,7 (1,9) 1,5 1,1 Th t ri Ch mt ln Ch mt ln Ln th nht Ln th hai Ln th nht Ln th hai Ln th ba

nh Kch c (mm) 5/10 10/16 10/16 5/10 16/20 10/16 5/10 Lng (Lt/m2) 10 - 12 15 - 17 14 - 16 10 - 12 18 - 20 14 - 16 9 - 11

Ch mt ln Ch mt ln Ln th nht 2,0 - 2,5 Ln th hai Ln th nht 3,0 - 3,5 Ln th hai Ln th ba

Ghi ch : + (*) ch dng khi lng nha mt lp trn mt ng c c lu lng xe t. + Tr s trong ngoc ( ) l lng nha ti ln th nht khi lng nha trn mt ng dm lm mi. + nh mc nha bng trn cha tnh n lng nha thm bm. - chnh xc ho lng v kim tra s hot ng ca thit b my mc, s phi hp gia cc khu ti nha, ri , lu ln, trc khi thi cng i tr cn phi tin hnh thi cng th mt on ti thiu L=100m iu chnh cho ph hp vi iu kin thc t. b, Kim tra cng tc chun b trc khi thi cng : * Kim tra cng tc chun b b mt trc khi lng nha : - Chun b b mt lp cp phi dm i vi mt ng cp phi dm gia c xi mng, mt ng t gia c xi mng hay cc cht lin kt v c khc: + Ch c php thi cng lp mt lng nha khi c hi ng nghim thu chuyn giai on thi cng. + Kim tra sch, bng phng, kh ro, dc dc v dc ngang xem t vi cc thng s k thut ca d n khng. + Nu l mt ng cp phi dm th phi c nghim thu theo cc quy nh ca quy trnh 22 TCN 252-98. + Nu l mt ng dm c th cc cng vic sa cha ch li lm, v gad, b vnh, phi c hon thnh trc t nht l 2-3 ngy. + Kim tra cng tc v sinh, lm sch b mt ng cp phi.
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

+ Kim tra qu trnh ti nha thm bm : Trn mt cp phi dm c lm sch v kh ro, ti mt lng nha thm bm theo iu 2.2.2 vi tiu chun 1,0-1,3(Kg/m2) (0,8-1,0(Kg/m2) tu vo tng iu kin c th). Lng nha thm bm ny va thm su vo lp cp phi dm 5-10(mm) v bc cc ht bi cn li trn b mt cp phi to dnh bm tt vi lp lng nha. Khi ti xong khng c li nhngvt hay mng nha dy trn lp cp phi dm s lm trt lp lng mt sau ny. - Chun b b mt lp cp phi dm i vi mt ng dm lm mi : Khi lu ln n giai on 3 s khng phi thc hin cc cng vic : Ti nc, ri ct, ti nha thm bm. Mt cp phi dm trc khi lng nha cn phi m bo cc thng s k thut sau : + Chiu dy lp kt cu chu lc. + B chn kn b mt, nu c to th cn phi loi b ra khi phm vi thi cng. + Dc dc, dc ngang, siu cao v mui luyn t yu cu. + Kch thc hnh hc t yu cu. + Lu ln cht (Trn b mt khng cn hn vt lu. C th kim tra bng cch cho vin 4x6 hoc 3x4 vo v tr cc im trn on lu ang chy v theo di, nu thy vin b v vn ra th cht lu ln t yu cu). + Trn b mt phikh ro v sch, nu lng bt qu nhiu th cn phi thi sch bng my nn kh hoc ti nc cho bt chui xung cc khe k. Trong trng hp nu ti nc th cn phi i cho mt ng kho ro th mi c ti nha lp 1. - i vi mt ng dm c, cn v g, sa mui luyn phc hi trc ngang v bng phng th t nht l 2-3 ngy trc khi lng nha : Cn phi qut sch bi bn, ti nha thm bm vi lng nha 0,8(Kg/m2) vi thi gian t nht 4-5 gi trc khi lng nha. Phm vi qut chi, thi sch phi rng hn phm vi s ti nha l 0,2(m) dc theo hai mp ng. Lng nha thm bm ny phi va thm vo mt ng dm c khong 5(mm) v bc cc ht bi bn cn li trn b mt, nhng khng c li nhng vt nha hay mng nha dy trn mt ng c s gy trt lp lng nha sau ny. - i vi mt ng c x l nha (B tng nha, dm thm nhp nha, lng nha, ) c th cn phi v g, trm cc khe nt, b vnh phc hi trc ngang v bng phng ca mt ng trc khi lng nha t nht l 2 ngy. Lm sch mt ng bng chi qut, thi hi p trc khi lng nha, sau khi thi qut khng c qu lu trnh b bn li. Khng c php thi cng lp lng nha ngay sau khi ti nha thm bm. * Kim tra cng tc chun b v thit b thi cng : - Khi thi cng bng c gii th phi c cc my mc sau : + Xe qut chi v ti ra mt ng. + My hi p. + Xe phun ti nha. + Thit b ti nha cm tay. quy trnh gim st hin trng - Bi vit gi ng www.ketcau.com 37

cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

+ Xe ri hoc thit b ri lp vo t. + Lu bnh hi vi ti trng mi bnh l 1,5-2,5 (Tn), chiu rng lu ti thiu l 1,5(m). + Lu bnh st 6-8(Tn). + Ba-rie chn ng, bin bo m bo giao thng, - Khi thi cng bng th cng th phi c cc my mc sau : + Thng nu nha. + Bnh ti nha xch tay dung tch 10 lt, c ng nm ngang, ti thnh vt rng 50cm hoc bnh c vi ti "ming hnh hn". + Xe ci tin ch . + Ky ra , co, chi qut. + Lu bnh st 6-8(tn) hoc lu bnh hi. + Ba-rie chn ng, bin bo. Tu theo iu kin Nh thu thi cng bng th cng hoc thi cng bng c gii th Nh thu phi tnh ton lp tin thi cng bo m nhp nhng cc khu vn chuyn vt liu, ti nha, ri , le ln trong mt ca lm vic. c, Kim tra cng tc thi cng lp lng nha : Thng thng cc Nh thu thng thi cng lp cp phi dm xong sau mt ca th trin cng tc lng nha ngay. V vy K s gim st hin trng cn phi ch n cc im sau: 1. Chiu dy lp kt cu chu lc (B dy lp cp phi dm) khng c tnh trm ln lp lng nha. 2. Kim tra chiu dy lp chu lc trong mt ca, kim tra bt k ba h o v o chiu dy kt cu (Kim tra ti nhng v tr cc b m trong qu trnh gim st nn ng K s gim st bit c nhng im ny). 3. Bt buc Nh thu phi thi cng th im mt on theo chiu di ca mt ca xc nh chng loi lu, s lt lu, trnh t lu, lng vt liu, h s ln p, v.v 4. Kim tra cht kt cu : Dng phng php vin 4x6 vo v tr lu chy qua nu vin b v vn th cht ca lp kt cu t yu cu. 5. Kim tra cc thng s k thut : Tun th theo qui trnh nghim thu lp cp phi dm tiu chun 22 TCN 252-98. c1, Kim tra cng tc thi cng lng nha mt lp : 1. Kim tra cng tc chun b thi cng nh im b. 2. Kim tra cng tc cng dy, vch mc hoc t cc du lm c . 3. Kim tra phun ti nha nng theo nh mc qui nh : + Nha c 60/70 un nng n nhit 160oC (Nu c s dng nha c 40/60 th un nng n 170oC) c phun ti theo nh mc m d n p dng. + Lp nha phun ra mt ng phi u, kn mt. Ngi iu khin phi xc nh tng quan gia tc i ca xe, tc ca bm nha, chiu cao quy trnh gim st hin trng - Bi vit gi ng www.ketcau.com 38

cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

ca cn phun, chiu rng phn b ca dn ti, gc t ca cc l phun ph hp vi bu phun nha km theo ca tng loi xe nhm bo m lng nha phun ra trn 1m2 mt ng ph hp vi nh mc. Sai lch cho php l 5(%). Thpng thng tc xe ti nha l 5-7(Km/h). + trnh nha khng u khi xe bt u chy v khi xe dng li cni mt bng giy dy hoc mt tm tn mng ln mt ng ti nhng v tr y trn mt chiu di 2m, sau khi xe phun nha xong th di chuyn cc tm y n cc v tr khc. + Trng hp trn mt ng cn ri rc nhng ch cha c nha th dng cn phun tay ti b sung; nhng v tr tha nha th phi thm b. Cng vic ny phi hon thnh tht nhanh ri kp thi khi nha ang cn nng. + nhng on dc > 4% th xe phun nha i t di chn dc i ln nha khi b chy dn xung. + Lng nha trong thng cha (Xi-tc) ca xe ti nha phi tnh ton lm sao cho sau khi ti mt ca m bo lng nha trn b mt th lng nha trong thng cha cn t nht l 10% dung tch thng, nhm bt kh khong lt vo pha trong h thng phn phi nha, lm sai lch ch phun thch hp tin hnh trc . + Phi ngng ngay vic phun ti nha nu my phun nha gp phi s c k thut, hoc tri ma. + KLhi lng nha nhiu lp (2 hay 3 lp) th cn phi ti nha so le cc mi ni ngang v dc ca lp trn v lp di. + Khi thi cng bng th cng th phi ti di ny chng ln di kia khong 2-5cm. Ngi ti phi khng ch bc chn lng nha ti u. Chiu di mi di phi c tnh ton sao cho lng nha cha trong bnh ti cho c lt i v lt v theo nh mc qui nh. Vi ti phi c ra sch bng du ho v ry kho du mi khi b tc. 4. Ri ngay sau khi ti nha : + Lng tun th theo qui trnh qui nh ti mt lp. Phi chun b y trc khi ti nha. + Ri bng xe ri chuyn dng hoc bng thit b ri mc sau thng xe t. Vic ri phi tin hnh ngay sau khi ti nha nng, chm nht l sau 3 pht. + Xe ri phi bo m bnh xe lun lun i trn lp va c ri, khng nha dnh vo lp xe (Nu ri bng thit b mc sau thng xe t th xe phi i li). + Tc xe v khe h ca thit b c iu chnh thch hp tu theo lng cn ri trn 1m2. + nh phi c ri u trn phn mt ng phun ti nha nng. Trong mt lng ri cc vin phi nm st nhau, che kn mt nha nhng khng c nm chng ln nhau.
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

+ Vic b ph nhng ch thiu , qut b nhng ch tha v nhng vin nm chng ln nhau phi tin hnh ngay trong lc xe ri ang hot ng v kt thc trong cc lt lu ln u tin. + Nu mt ng ch c ti mt na hoc mt phn th khi ri cn cha li mt di gip ni khong 20cm dc theo din tch c ti nha v khi thi cng phn bn kia xe cn phun nha chng ln di gip ni y. + Khi thi cng bng th cng th dng ky ra thnh tng lp u khp v kn ht din tch mt ng, hoc dng xe ci tin i li ri . Cc ng phi c vn chuyn trc v b tr ngang bn l ng c qut sch, c ly v th tch mi ng phi c tnh ton bo m nh lng trn 1m2 theo qui nh. Ri n u dng chi qut u cho kn b mt n y. 5. Lu ln ngay bng lu bnh hi (Hoc lu bnh st 6-8(tn)) theo yu cu k thut : + Dng lu bnh hi c ti trng mi bnh t 1,5-2,5 tn, b rng lu t nht l 2,5cm, lu ngay sau mi lt ri. Tc lu trong 2 lt u l 3Km/h, trong cc lt sau tng dn ln 10Km/h. Tng s lu l 6 ln qua mt im. Nu khng c lu bnh hi c th dng lu bnh st 6-8 tn, tc cc lt lu u l 2Km/h, sau tng dn ln 5Km/h, tng s lt lu l 6-8 ln qua mt im, trong qu trnh lu khi c hin tng v th phi dng lu. Tng s lt lu v s lu s c chnh xc ho sau khi Nh thu thi cng th im on th nghim. + Xe lu, lu t mp ngoi vo gia trong ng thng, lu t chn dc ln nh dc, khi lu trong nhng on c b tr siu cao th phi lu t bng siu cao ln lng siu cao v vt lu sau chng ln vt lu trc t nht l 20cm. Phi gi bnh lu lun kh v sch. + Vic lu ln tip cn c tip tc thc hin lu bng bnh xe t khi thng xe trong giai on bo dng sau thi cng. 6. Bo dng mt ng lng nha trong vng 15 ngy theo cc yu cu k thut sau : + Mt ng lng nha sau khi thi cng xong c th cho thng xe ngay. Trong hai ngy u cn phi hn ch tc xe chy khng qu 10Km/h v khng vt 20Km/h trong vng 7-10 ngy sau khi thi cng. Trong thi gian ny nn t cc Ba-rie trn mt ng iu chnh xe t chy u khp trn mt ng ng thi hn ch tc xe. + Sau khi thi cng cn phi b tr ngi theo di v bo dng trong 15 ngy qut cc vin ri rc b bn ra l khi xe chy, sa cc ch li lm cc b, nhng ch tha nha thiu hoc ngc li. c2, Kim tra cng tc thi cng lng nha hai lp : 1. Thi cng lng nha di hnh thc nha nng lp th nht c thc hin tng t nh bc 1 n bc 5 phn c1. 6. Phun ti nha nng ln th hai theo nh mc m d n p dng v theo quy trnh gim st hin trng - Bi vit gi ng www.ketcau.com 40

cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

bc 3 ca phn c1. 7. Ri ngay lt th hai c kch c v nh mc m d n p dng v theo bc 4 ca phn c1. 8. Lu ln ngay bng lu bnh hi (hoc lu bnh st 6-8 tn) theo yu cu k thut m d n p dng v theo bc 5 ca phn c1. 9. Bo dng mt ng lng nha trong vng 15 ngy theo cc yu cu k thut m d n p dng v theo bc 6 ca phn c1. c3, Kim tra cng tc thi cng lng nha ba lp : 1. Thi cng lng nha di hnh thc nha nng lp th nht v lp th hai c thc hin tng t nh bc 1 n bc 8 phn c2. 9. Phun ti nha nng ln th ba theo nh mc m d n p dng v theo bc 3 ca phn c1. 10.Ri ngay lt th ba c kch c v nh mc m d n p dng v theo bc 4 ca phn c1. 11.Lu ln ngay bng lu bnh hi (hoc lu bnh st 6-8 tn) theo yu cu k thut m d n p dng v theo bc 5 ca phn c1. 12.Bo dng mt ng lng nha trong vng 15 ngy theo cc yu cu k thut m d n p dng v theo bc 6 ca phn c1. d, Kim tra v nghim thu (Tiu chun thi cng v nghim thu mt ng lng nha 22 TCN 271-2001) : 1. Vic kim tra c tin hnh thng xuyn trong qu trnh thi cng lp lng nha trn cc loi mt ng. 2. Kim tra cng tc chun b vt liu, xe my thit b, nhn lc nh nu trn. 3. Kim tra trong qu trnh thi cng lp lng nha : + Kim tra vic ti nha nng m bo nh mc, s ng u, nhit ti. Kim tra ri bo m tnh kp thi, bo m nh mc, kn mt nha, vic qut tha v b sung kp thi ch thiu. Kim tra vic ti nha v ri nhng ch gip ni. Kim tra s lu, s ln lu trn mt im, tc lu, tnh trng di bnh lu. Kim tra cng tc bo dng to iu kin cho lp lng nha hnh thnh. + Kim tra vic t chc giao thng ni b trong phm vi cng trng, vic bo m giao thng trn ng. Kim tra vic t chc canh gc, t cc bin bo cng trng. + Kim tra cc iu kin an ton lao ng trong tt c cc khu trc khi bt u mi ca lm vic v c trong qu trnh thi cng. + Kim tra vic bo v mi trng xung quanh : Khng cho php nha tha, tha vocc cng, rnh; Khng nha dnh bn vo cc cng trnh hai bn ng. Khng khi nha nh hng nhiu n khu vc dn c hai bn ng. 4. Nghim thu : Sau khi thi cng xong t 10-15 ngy tin hnh nghim thu
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cng ty t vn u t v xy dng 306 (cic) phng t vn gim st

theo cac tiu chun qui nh sau :

tiu chun nghim thu Cht lng lp lng nha v kch thc mt ng lng nha Phng php kim tra Tiu chun

1 - Nha ln u, nh ph kn Quan st bng mt b mt. 2 - nh khng b ri rc, Quan st bng mt bong bt. 3 - nh khng b v vn Quan st bng mt 4 - Khng b li lm cc b do Quan st bng mt tha thiu hoc nha. o bng thc di 3m t 5 - bng phng mt ng song song vi tim ng lng nha (3-5 mt ct cho 1km, (Khi thi cng lin tc trn mi mt ct o ti 3 v tr : Tim mt chiu di >1km th ng v cch mp mt ng cn kim tra bng thit b 1m. o ch s g gh quc t IRI).

nh ph kn mt ng khng di 98% din tch. Sau 15 ngy k t ngy thi cng xong, xe chy vi tpc 20km/h khng b bong bt.

- Khe h khng qu 5mm i vi mt ng cp cao A1. - Khe h khng qu 7mm i vi cc mt ng khc. - i vi mt ng cp cao A1 th IRI 2,8.

6 - B rng mt ng lng nha Sai lch khng qu -10cm. di hnh thc nha nng (3-5 o bng thc dy. mt ct ngang trn 1km) 7 - dc ngang (3-5 mt ct o bng thc mu c Sai lch khng qu 0,5% so ngang trn 1km) ng thu bnh (bt nc). vi dc ngang thit k.

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