Trng H KT & QTKD TN Li m u Gii thiu chung v cng ty

Bo co thc t

GII THIU V NH MY XI MNG LU X

1.1 Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin ca nh my Tn giao dich: Nh my Xi mng Lu X a ch: Phng Ph X- Thnh ph Thi Nguyn in thoi: 02803 855 113 fax: 02803 857 622 Email: nmxmlx-tnn@vnn.vn Gim c: Nguyn Cng Bng Nh my Xi mng Lu X l thnh vin ca Cng ty Vt liu xy dng thuc Tng cng ty Xy dng Cng nghip Vit Nam, c thnh lp theo quyt nh s 342/XL II TCL ngy 1/8/1995 ca gim c Cng ty Xy lp II (Nay l cng ty C phn u t v Sn xut cng nghip), giy php kinh doanh s 1703000215 do phng ng k kinh doanh S k hoch v u t tnh Thi Nguyn Cp ngy 01/05/2006. Nh my bc vo hot ng t nm 1995, y l thi k kh khn cho cc doanh nghip khi cho s chuyn i t c ch kinh t quan liu bao cp sang c ch hoch ton kinh doanh. Trong nhng nm u do con nhiu kh khn v mi i vo hot ng do nh my cn gp nhiu kh khn v hot ng thiu n nh. ng y v ban gim c cng ty ht sc quan tm, ch o st sao v dn dn nh my i vo hot ng n nh v bt u kinh doanh c li t nm 1999, cng bt u t nhng thnh cng nh my tip tc c nhng bc pht trin i ln hot ng kinh doanh hiu qu v m bo tt hn i sng ngi lao ng trong cng ty. Tinh thn on kt, ch phn u vn ln ca nh my lun c cc th h lnh o ca nh my pht huy, cng tc qun l lun c ci tin gip cho ban lnh o nh my kp thi a ra cc ch trng, gii php khc phc kh khn tip tc vn ln ng vng trong th trng, ng thi hoch nh cc k hoch cho nh my trong cc thi gian tip theo.

Nguyn Th Nhung

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t Giai on t nm 2000 n nm 2004, nn kinh t phc hi, s pht trin ca cc doanh nghip c bit l cc doanh nghip t nhn tao ln sc p cnh tranh v cng i vi nh my, cc doanh nghip trong ngnh a ra cc chin lc canh tranh i vi sn phm ca nh my nh: gim gi, chit khu. iu khng tranh khi vic phi iu chnh gi bn ti mt s th trng gi vng th phn, tip tc tn ti v pht trin. Giai on ny cng c nhiu s bin ng trong th trng u vo: gi xng du bin ng, gi than tng, cc nh cung cp nguyn vt liu tng gi, chi ph u vo tng lm cho gi thnh n v sn phm tng ln anh hng khng tt ti hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my. ng trc nhng kh khn th thch nh my c s quan tm ch o ca lnh o cng ty, s quyt tm v tinh thn hng say lao ng ca cn b cng nhn vin trong nh my, cng vi s hp tc gn b ca cc n v bn, cc i tc trong kinh doanh v hn ht l s tn nhim ca khc hng i vi sn phm, s tin tng v hp tc ca cc i l. Chnh nhng iu kin y tao cho nh my ngun ng lc to ln tip tuc vn ln hon thnh xut sc nhim v sn xut kinh doanh ca mnh. T nm 2005 ti nay: khi t nc bc vo thi k hi nhp, hng ha nc ngoi trn vo cnh tranh vi hng ha trong nc to nn nhn kh khn thch thc i vi tt c cc ngnh kinh t, v lnh vc sn xut xi mng khng nm ngoi s tc ng . Nh my Xi mng Lu X cng ng trc nhiu thch thc: Gi nguyn nhin vt liu u vo tip tc tng cao v gy nh hng ti hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my. Trong giai on ny cc c ch chnh sch cho cng ty c phn vn cn cha to c nhiu ng lc cho s pht trin ca cc cng ty c phn. S xung cp ca kt cu h tng v trang thit b my mc cng lm tng thm nhiu khon chi ph nh hng ti hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my trong giai on ny. Cc doanh nghip trong ngnh v c bit l cc doanh nghip sn xut xi mng trong tnh Thi Nguyn v cc tnh ln cn c nhiu ci tin i mi cng ngh, chuyn t cng ngh l ng sang cng ngh l quay, ci thin cht lng nng cao hiu qu sn xut sn lng xi mng lin tc gia tng, p lc cnh tranh Nguyn Th Nhung 2 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t ngy cng khc lit hn. ng trc mun vn kh khn th thch , ton th cn b cng nhn vin nh my tip tc pht huy tinh thn on kt, thng nht ch, tch cc trong lao ng v cng tc chuyn mn. ng y v lnh o cng ty lun theo st tng hot ng ca nh my, s gip ca cc chi nhnh bn v cc doanh nghip bn. Nhng c hi v thch thc lun c lnh o nh my nhn nhn mt cch ng n, pht huy tt nht cc iu kin thun li, hn ch cc yu t bt li, lin tc hon thnh k hoch ca nh my tng bc nng cao hiu qu kinh doanh, tip tc khng nh v th ca mnh trn a bn, v to dng c lng tin ca khch hng. Mt s thnh tch m nh my t c trong thi gian qua: + Hun chng lao ng hng II (nm 2005) + Gii thng cht lng Vit Nam. Gii thng tn vinh cc doanh nghip lun l lc ci tin cht lng sn phm t chc nm 2008. Nh my v ang p dng h thng qun l cht lng ISO 9001-2008, b tiu chun ISO QUACERT, Sn xut sch hn vi 5S. 1.2 Chc nng nhim v ca nh my 1.2.1 Lnh vc sn xut kinh doanh ng k kinh doanh: Nh my xi mng Lu X l mt doanh nghip nh nc mi c chuyn i sang hnh thc cng ty c phn t nm 2006. Lnh vc sn xut ca nh my: + Sn xut xi mng PCB30 + Sn xut cu kin b tng + Sn xut gach khng nung + Xy dng cng trnh cng nghip v dn dng 1.2.2 Cc sn phm ca nh my Xi mng: Sn phm chnh ca nh my l xi mng Poocland hn hp PCB30 c sn xut theo TCVN 6260:1997 (c Tng cc Tiu Chun o Lng Cht Lng chng nhn). Xi mng Poocland l cht kt dnh xy dng, cc thnh phn ha hc ch yu l hp cht c baz cao. Nguyn Th Nhung 3 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Trong quan im ha hc ngi ta chia ra nh sau: abc. Nhm xi mng Silic Mi trng nc.

Bo co thc t

Nhm xi mng Alumin Mi trng nhit cao. Nhm xi mng khc Mi trng c bit

Xi mng Poocland l cht kt dnh thy lc c sn xut bng cch nghin mn clinke xi mng vi thch cao (3-> 5%) v ph gia nu c. Xi mng PCB30 l sn phm ch yu dng cho cc cng trnh xy dng dn chu lc v c tui th cao nh: ct, dm, sn, cc cng trnh thy li... Sn phm xi mng PCB30 c ng trong bao kn vi lp v chng m m bo khi vn chuyn i xa. Trn v bao c in tn v biu tng ca nh my xi mng Lu X, tn loi xi mng, nh lng hng ha, ngy sn xut, thi hn s dng (60 ngy k t ngy sn xut), hng dn s dng... Di y l cc thng s k thut ca xi mng PCB30: + Kch c ln sng + Hm lng vi t do + nghin mn + Nhit nung Clinke + Thnh phn Clinke + Thch cao + Ph gia tr 0,08 mm < 2,5% < 12% 1450oC 90% 5% 5%

Cc yu cu k thut i vi PCB30: + m bo thnh phn ha hc + m bo mn (< 15% trn sang 0,08mm) + m bo m + m bo ng nht m bo cht lng cho xi mng PCB30 mi giai on ca qu trnh sn xut lun cn c kim tra v phn tch v cc thng s k thut, hn ch lng vi t do trong thnh phn xi mng. Chng 1: Ni dung thc tp v Qun tr hc 1.1. H thng k hoch ca doanh nghip 1.1.1.H thng k hoch v qu trnh xy dng k hoch ca doanh nghip Nguyn Th Nhung 4 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t nh my xi mng Lu X hin cha c vn bn c th v cng tc hoch nh chin lc kinh doanh ca nh my. Hin nay nh my ch xy dng cc k hoch trong ngn hn cho tng thng, tng qu, tng nm. Qu trnh xy dng k hoch ca nh my Trn tch mi tr Phn thc t, nha ng kinh doanh Xc ra cc nh gii php mc tiu Cc mc tiu c c th ho bng h thng cc ch tiu:

Doanh thu, sn lng, li nhun, np ngn sch...

* Nh my xy dng k hoch sn xut kinh doanh trong tng giai on da vo nhng cn c sau: Cn c vo kt qu nghin cu nhu cu th trng Cn c vo ngun lc hin c ca cng ty Cn c vo tnh hnh thc hin k hoch ca nhng nm trc * K hoch sn phm th trng: a ra nhng loi sn phm no ra th trng, k hoch tiu th trong tng thng, qu, hng nm. * K hoch nhn s: K hoch v tuyn dng, o to pht trin i ng cng nhn vin. * K hoch u t pht trin kinh doanh: Tng cng u t ci tin, i mi trang thit b sn xut, ci to v nng cp mt s ca hng tiu th nhm thu ht ngi tiu dng mua sn phm. 1.1.2.Tm hiu v nhn din chin lc ca doanh nghip Chin lc kinh doanh ca mt doanh nghip l vn ht sc quan trng trong tnh hnh nn kinh t th trng cnh tranh khc lit, n quyt nh s thnh cng ca mi doanh nghip trn thng trng. V vy ra mt chin lc kinh doanh hp l l yu t v cng quan trng to nn sc mnh tng th ca mi doanh nghip.

Nguyn Th Nhung

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t Nh my cn phi phn tch r mi trng kinh doanh, cc ngun lc hin c, v xu hng pht trin. T , nh my lp chin lc v k hoch hnh ng c th. * Phn tch mi trng bn ngoi: - Mi trng quc t: Ngy nay, xu hng hi nhp (ton cu ho, khu vc ho) l xu hng chung ca ton th gii. S pht trin kinh t ca mi quc gia ni chung v mi doanh nghip ni ring u c t nhiu chu nh hng ca mi trng quc t. Hin nay, so vi cc nc trong khu vc v trn th gii th gi xi mng ca nc ta tng i cao, y l im bt li khi nc ta hi nhp khu vc v th gii. - Mi trng trong nc: + Cc nhn t kinh t: Trong nhng nm gn y, tc tng trng kinh t nc ta tng i n nh, trung bnh gn 9%. Song song vi s tng trng ca nn kinh t th tc th ho ngy cng tng. y l c hi cho ngnh xi mng ni chung v nh my xi mng Lu X ni ring. + Cc nhn t chnh tr, php lut: quy nh v khai thc ti nguyn c phn thng thong hn trc y to hnh lang php l d dng hn cho nh my trong vic khai thc nguyn vt liu u vo. + Cc yu t k thut cng ngh: Ngy nay, yu t cng ngh c ngha v cng quan trng i vi s pht trin ca mi quc gia, mi doanh nghip. Cng ngh c tc ng quyt nh n 2 yu t c bn to nn kh nng cnh tranh ca doanh nghip: cht lng v chi ph c bit ca sn phm, dch v m doanh nghip cung cp cho th trng. Song thay i cng ngh khng phi d. N i hi doanh nghip cn phi m bo nhiu yu t khc nh: trnh lao ng phi ph hp, nng lc ti chnh, i vi nh my xi mng Lu X th y l im yu ca doanh nghip bi cng ngh ca nh my ch mc Nguyn Th Nhung 6 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t trung bnh so vi ton ngnh, mt s thit b lc hu i hi nh my phi thay i dy chuyn cng ngh th mi c th theo kp xu th ca thi i. + Yu t t nhin: bao gm thi tit, kh hu, a hnhyu t t nhin nh hng ti cht lng sn phm xi mng. V vy, trong ma ma nh my cn c k hoch khai thc, d tr nguyn vt liu, sn phm hp l p ng yu cu sn xut cng nh m bo cht lng sn phm. - Mi trng ngnh + Khch hng: Khch hng ca nh my ch yu l cc nh my sn xut tm lp, cc cng trnh dn dng, cc h dn c + Nh cung ng: nh my c cc m t, v m than l nguyn vt liu u vo cho sn xut, ngoi ra nh my cn nhp thm nguyn vt liu u vo ti cc m than, t, trn a bn tnh Thi Nguyn. + i th cnh tranh tim n: Hin nay, trc nhu cu v xi mng xy dng trong nc tng cao, mc tng trng rt nng, ngun cung ng xi mng theo cc chng loi khc nhau ang khan him. Do vy y l mt th trng rt thu ht, t sut li nhun cao. Do vy, nhiu doanh nghip ang mun gia nhp th trng ny. Cc doanh nghip mun gia nhp th trng ny ch yu l nhng doanh nghip trong lnh vc xy dng mun thc hin chin lc hi nhp dc mt chiu ch ng xi mng cho qu trnh sn xut. Cc i th ny phi c cc li th l gn cc ngun nguyn liu , vi... + i th cnh tranh: Hin nay nh my xi mng Lu X ang gp phi s cnh tranh gay gt ca cc nh my xi mng khc trn a bn tnh Thi Nguyn nh xi mang La Hin, xi mng Quang Sn + Sn phm thay th * Phn tch mi trng ni b doanh nghip - B my qun l: M hnh qun l ca nh my theo kiu trc tuyn chc nng nn m bo c tnh thng nht tuy nhin n cng bc l nhiu

Nguyn Th Nhung

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t hn ch nh khng s dng cc chuyn gia trong quyt nh qun tr, thng tin c th chm v thiu chnh xc - Nhn s: Nh my c mt lc lng lao ng ln, nhn cng r. Song, nh my li thiu mt i ng cn b qun l c tri thc, nng lc tip thu kin thc qun l mi; thiu i ng lao ng chuyn mn, c bit l cn b ph trch hot ng marketing, ph trch hot ng xy dng k hoch; thiu i ng cng nhn c tay ngh bc th cao. V vy, nng sut lao ng khng cao. Mc d vy, lc lng lao ng ny li khng c thng xuyn o to nng cao tay ngh, trnh . y l mt kh khn nan gii cho nh my khi mun thay i cng ngh sn xut h gi thnh sn phm, nng cao cht lng. - Hot ng Marketing: hot ng Marketing ca nh my cn yu cha p ng c nhu cu th trng. * S dng ma trn SWOT phn tch c hi, nguy c, im mnh, im yu hnh thnh chin lc

Bng: Ma trn c hi - nguy c/ im mnh - im yu:

* Cc im mnh (S) * Cc im yu (W)

Nguyn Th Nhung

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN 1. Nguyn vt liu sn 1.

c, d khai thc

Bo co thc t Lao ng c

trnh qun l cn

2. Ngun lao ng thiu v yu, tay ngh di do vi gi nhn bc th thp. cng thp 2. Phn ln thit b, ngh lc 3. Ti chnh tng i n cng * C hi (O)

nh. hu M rng th trng u t cng ngh mi

1. Th trng m rng bng sn phm c .... 2. Chuyn giao k cht lng ngy cng thut - cng ngh * Nguy c (T) cao ( O2S3) ... Tng cng chin lc ...

1. i th c cng ngh marketing (T1S1) cao 2. S qun l lng no ca nh nc Nh vy, phng n chin lc c a ra l: - M rng th trng bng sn phm c cht lng ngy cng cao - Tng cng chin lc Marketing: chin lc v gi, chnh sch phn phi - u t cng ngh mi: nh nc c ch trng n nm 2020 cng ngh sn xut xi mng l ng s khng c hot ng na v vy i mi cng ngh sn xut sang l quay l mt yu cu tt yu. * T chc thc hin chin lc V thc hin chin lc sn xut: Nh my thc hin tng i tt v k hoch sn xut c th l: gi tr sn lng, doanh thu trong nhng nm gn y lin tc vt k hoch ra. Nm 2009, tng gi tr sn lng vt 104,3%, tng doanh thu vt 119,8% so vi k hoch ra. Nm 2010, tng gi tr sn lng vt 108,4%, tng doanh thu vt 103,3% so vi k hoch.

Nguyn Th Nhung

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t * V thc hin cc mc tiu chin lc: Mc tiu ca nh my khng c xy dng mt cch c th nn cc ch tiu kinh t khi xy dng k hoch khng nhiu. C th thy cng tc xc nh mc tiu ca Cng ty l cha tt. Chnh v vy, Cng ty cn nghin cu tht k nhng yu t mi trng hoch nh mc tiu chin lc cho st vi tnh hnh thc t ca Cng ty. Mc tiu c st vi tnh hnh thc t th cng tc thc hin chin lc mi m bo t yu cu. * nh gi v cng tc thc hin chin lc ca nh my - Nhng thnh tu t c: Nh my cung cp mt khi lng xi mng tng i ln cho th trng a bn cc tnh Thi Nguyn, Cao Bng, Bc Cn, Vnh Phcvi cht lng tng i c ngi tiu dng chp nhn. Nh my nng cao c i sng tinh thn, vt cht cho cn b cng nhn vin trong nh my. L i tc tin cy vi khch hng. - Nhng mt cn hn ch: Th trng kinh doanh cn b hp trong phm vi tnh cha m rng c ra cc a bn khc, my mc trang thit b cn lc hu cng ngh cha hon ton p ng c nhu cu th trng, kh nng phn tch v tng hp cc nhu cu ca th trng cn cha cao v th nh my cha a ra c cc quyt nh ln c li ch lu di nhm nng cao hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my trong tng lai. 1.2. C cu t chc v cc cp qun tr ca doanh nghip C cu t chc b my doanh nghip l tng hp cc b phn khc nhau c mi lin h v quan h ph thuc ln nhau, c chuyn mn ho c giao nhng trch nhim quyn hn nht nh v c sp xp theo tng cp tng khu nhm thc hin cc chc nng qun l doanh nghip. T i hi ng VI, ng ta ch trng i mi nn Nguyn Th Nhung 10 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

1.2.1. S cp qun l ca nh my

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t kinh t, chuyn t nn kinh t k hoch ho tp trung sang nn kinh t th trng c s iu tit ca nh nc.Sau hn 20 nm thc hin c rt nhiu cc doanh nghip lm n ngy cng pht trin nhng cng c cc doanh nghip lm n thua l dn n tnh trng ph sn hoc gii th.S thnh cng hay tht bi ca cc doanh nghip c phn ng gp khng nh v vn to lp t chc b my doanh nghip. Trong iu kin nn kinh t th trng c cu t chc b my qun l lun phi c hon thin theo hng ngy cng thch hp vi mc tiu v nhim v sn xut kinh doanh c cu b my qun l phi m bo mi quan h hp l vi s lng, s khu qun l t nht gn nh nht. C nh vy c cu qun l mi nng ng i su vo phc v sn xut kinh doanh. Nm bt c xu hng pht trin ca x hi nh my xi mng Lu X t chc c b my qun l hp l, cht ch, khoa hc v gn nh m bo cho hot ng sn xut kinh doanh t hiu qu. M hnh qun l ca nh my xi mng Lu X theo m hnh trc tuyn chc nng. y l c cu thng p dng cho cc doanh nghip m nhim v qun l c phn thnh cc chc nng chuyn mn.Cc b phn ny lm nhim v t vn gip vic tham mu cho gim c v theo di v mt chuyn mn hp i vi cc b phn sn xut nhng khng c quyn ra lnh trc tip. y l c cu c nhiu u im v c p dng rng ri. Quyn hn v trch nhim ca tng b phn, tng c nhn phi c phn nh mt cch r rng v ph hp. Song song nh my xy dng cc h thng quy ch, k lut m bo cho mi hot ng ca doanh nghip c i ng hng, nhm t c cc mc tiu ra. Nh vy s m bo mi hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca doanh nghip s c tin hnh mt cch lin tc t trn xung di, m bo mi k hoch ra s c thc hin mt cch d dng, t hiu qu cao. Nguyn Th Nhung 11 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t nh my xi mng Lu X, ban gim c trc tip qun l iu hnh hot ng ca cc phng ban v cc phn xng. Cc trng phng qun l nhn vin ca mnh hon thnh nhim v c giao sau thng xuyn bo co cng vic vi ban gim c.

Nguyn Th Nhung

12

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN 1.2.2. M hnh t chc qun l S t chc b my qun l GIM C

Bo co thc t

Ph Gim c

Trng phng KH-KT

Trng phng CN

Trng ban bo v

Trng phng TC-HC

Trn g phng TT

Trn g phng HCKT

Qun c phn xng thnh phm

Qun c phn xng l nung

Qun c phn xng nguyn liu

1.2.3. Chc nng nhim v c bn ca b my qun tr. Xut pht t nhng c im qun l ta thy r vai tr ht sc quan trng ca b my qun tr m nhiu khi quyt nh n s sng cn ca doanh nghip. Nu doanh nghip b tr mt b my qun l ph hp th sn xut s t hiu qu cao tit kim thi gian v nguyn vt liu. Mt khc mt b my nh s tit kim c chi ph v c nhng quyt nh nhanh, ng n. Ngoi ra trong cng tc qun l bit b tr ng ngi ng vic th s pht huy ht kh nng tim tng ca c nhn v tp th ngi lao ng. Mun t c hiu qu cao trong cng tc qun l th cc ngi qun l cp cao cng nh cc phng ban trong b my qun tr phi hiu r v chc nng

Nguyn Th Nhung

13

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t nhim v c bn ca mnh. Cc chc nng nhim v c bn ca b my qun tr trong nh my xi mng Lu X nh sau: 1.2.3.1. Gim c - Ch o v iu hnh mi hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my. - Xy dng chin lc pht trin, k hoch di hn cho nh my. - Xc lp h thng t chc, quyn hn, trch nhim, mi quan h ca tng b phn phng ban. - Quyt nh mi phng n, k hoch sn xut kinh doanh, cc phng n u t ca nh my. - Ph duyt cc nh cung ng, k kt cc hp ng kinh doanh, hp ng tn dng, hp ng tiu th sn phm. 1.2.3.2. Ph gim c - iu hnh sn xut: Chu trch nhim v mi hot ng sn xut ca nh my; ph trch cng tc an ton lao ng; xy dng cc nh mc kinh t k thut; hng tun bo co vi gim c v tnh trng thit b ca nh my v xut cc gii php thay th nhm m bo cho vic sn xut lun c n nh. - iu hnh h thng qun l cht lng: Ph trch cng tc cht lng sn phm, xy dng h thng qun l cht lng v gim st vic thc hin h thng ny, phi hp mi hot ng ca cc phng ban v cc phn xng thc hin c cc mc tiu cht lng nh. 1.2.3.3. Cc phng ban 1.Trng phng th trng + Tham mu cho gim c nh my chin lc kinh doanh, m rng th trng, tiu th sn phm, iu hnh cc hot ng tiu th sn phm. + Nghin cu cc thng tin v th trng v i th cnh tranh, xut cc phng n m rng th trng tiu th sn phm, hng thng thng k phn tch tnh hnh tiu th sn phm ca nh my. 2.Trng phng k hoch k thut + Qun l v chu trch nhim v cng tc k thu c, in ton nh my.

Nguyn Th Nhung

14

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t + Lp k hoch mua sm vt t ph tng thay th, k hoch bo dng, sa cha my mc thit b trong nh my, n c phi hp cc n v t chc thc hin theo ng k hoch. + Kim sot vic thc hin hng dn vn hnh, bo dng sa cha thit b. Theo di kim tra tnh trng hot ng ca thit b. Khi thit b xy ra s c phi lp bin php sa cha hoc thay th vi cht lng v tin sa cha tt nht. + Tham mu cho lnh o v vic ci to, u t my mc thit b, xut nhng gii php k thut, hp l ha sn xut nng cao hiu qu hot ng ca my mc thit b. + Lp k hoch sn xut kinh doanh nm, qu, thng; lp k hoch cn i vt t, ph tng cho tng k m bo cung ng cp pht vt t kp thi cho sn xut. + Lp k hoch sa cha ln v nhu cu vt t thit b trong nm; bo co gim c hng thng k hoch sn xut kinh doanh, nhp xut vt t ph tng thay th. T chc thi cng xy dng, ci to nng cp, sa cha cc cng trnh va v nh trong nh my. + Thng k phn tch tnh hnh hot ng ca my mc thit b chnh, theo di sa cha trang thit b in, in t vn phng. + Qun l mng Internet ni b. 3.Trng phng cng ngh + Chu trch nhim v cng tc k thut cng ngh trong qu trnh sn xut ca nh my. + Kim tra tt c cc loi nguyn, nhin liu cho sn xut, kim tra cht lng sn phm xut kho. Lp cc phng n khc phc phng nga i vi cc vt t, bn thnh phm v thnh phm khng ph hp, lp nh mc tiu hao nguyn, nhin liu v cc vt t phc v cho sn xut. + bo co kp thi vi gim c, ph gim c nh my nhng vn lin quan n cht lng sn phm, giao dch lin h vi c quan qun l cp trn ng k cht lng sn phm. Nguyn Th Nhung 15 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN 4. Trng phng t chc hnh chnh

Bo co thc t

+ Tham mu xut gim c v vic t chc sp xp lao ng trong nh my cho ph hp vi thc t sn xut kinh doanh, thc hin y ch chnh sch theo ng quy nh ca b lut lao ng. + Xy dng nh mc lao ng v n gi tin lng, phn b tin lng. + T chc tt cng tc phc v i sng nhn vin, cng tc hnh chnh phc v, m bo cc hot ng ca nh my c tin hnh thun li. 5.Trng phng hnh chnh k ton + Xy dng quy ch ti chnh, k hoch ti chnh hng nm, s dng ng ngun vn phc v sn xut, duy tr vic tr lng u theo 2 k trong thng. + Lm th tc xut, nhp, quyt ton, kim k vt t, hng ha sn phm m bo chnh xc kp thi, phi hp vi phng th trng theo di, n c vic thu hi n t khch hng. 1.2.3.4.Qun c cc phn xng Nh my xi mng Lu X c 3 phn xng: Phn xng thnh phm, phn xng l nung, phn xng nguyn liu. Chc nng nhim v c bn ca cc qun c phn xng nh sau: Xy dng cc mc tiu v k hoch cht lng ca n v, nhn k hoch sn xut ca nh my giao v lp k hoch sn xut cho phn xng. Bo co kp thi cc vn pht sinh trong qu trnh thc hin nhim v vi cc phng ban lin quan v lnh o nh my. Qun l lao ng, theo di kim tra vic ghi chp khi lng sn phm, chm im cc t sn xut, chu trch nhim mi hot ng ca n v mnh trc nh my.

Nguyn Th Nhung

16

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Chng 2: Ni dung v Qun tr nhn lc 2.1 C cu lao ng trong doanh nghip 2.1.1. S lng lao ng trong nh my

Bo co thc t

Theo mi quan h vi hot ng sn xut, nh my xi mng Lu X phn lao ng thnh hai loi: - Lao ng trc tip. - Lao ng gin tip. Bng phn loi lao ng theo mi quan h vi HSX VT: Ngi Ni dung Tng s lao ng Lao ng trc tip Lao ng gin tip Nm 2008 340 245 95 Nm 2009 276 194 82 Nm 2010 262 183 79

(Ngun: phng t chc hnh chnh) Bo co c cu t chc qu I nm 2011: Tng s lao ng l:256 ngi; trong lao ng trc tip l 201 ngi, lao ng gin tip l 55 ngi. Qua bng s liu trn ta thy tng s lao ng ca nh my qua cc nm c s thay i, nm 2008 tng s lao ng l 340 ngi n nm 2009 tng s lao ng gim 64 ngi xung cn 276 ngi, nm 2010 gim 14 ngi so vi nm 2009. Nguyn nhn ca vic gim lao ng l do qu trnh vn hnh sn xut nh my xi mng Lu X thc hin t v vt cng sut thit k, thc hin tt cc ch tiu ca cng ty giao vi s lng lao ng bnh qun hng nm lin tc gim. Nm 2010 l nm gp nhiu kh khn vi ngnh xi mng ni chung cng nh i vi nh my xi mng Lu X ni ring. Nh my gp nhiu kh khn v vn tm kim th trng tiu th v gp phi s cnh tranh gay gt ca cc doanh nghip sn xut xi mng khc. V th khi lng sn xut v tiu th nm 2010 ch bng 90.03% so vi nm 2009. Do nh my phi c k hoch sp xp b tr cng nhn gin ca, ngh lun phin khi khng c vic. Nguyn Th Nhung 17 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN i theo chiu su ta thy:

Bo co thc t

Lao ng trc tip ca nh my chim t trng ln trong tng s lao ng. S lao ng trc tip c xu hng gim dn qua cc nm c th l: nm 2009 gim 51 ngi so vi nm 2008, nm 2010 gim 11 ngi so vi nm 2009. Lao ng gin tip ca nh my tp trung cc b phn chc nng tuy cng c s suy gim nhng khng ng k. Do c th cng ngh xi mng l ng l cng ngh sn xut trung bnh hin nay nn m bo duy tr sn xut n nh, an ton, v t c cng sut thit k nh my lun cn mt lc lng cn b gin tip c trnh v c kinh nghim qun l tt. Nm 2008 s lao ng gin tip l 95 ngi, nm 2009 gim 13 ngi xung cn 82 ngi, nm 2010 s lao ng gin tip l 79 ngi tc l gim 3 ngi so vi nm 2009. 2.1.2.nh gi v cht lng lao ng Bng phn loi lao ng theo trnh hc vn VT: Ngi Ni dung Nm 2008 S T lng Tng s lao ng i hc Cao ng Trung cp Cng nhn k thut Lao ng ph thng 340 36 8 82 196 18 trng (%) 100 10.59 2.35 24.12 57.65 5.29 Nm 2009 S T lng 276 54 6 27 174 15 trng (%) 100 19.57 2.17 9.78 63.04 5.43 Nm 2010 S T lng trng 262 51 5 23 168 15 (%) 100 19.47 1.91 8.78 64.12 5.73

(Ngun: phng t chc hnh chnh) Do dc im ngnh ngh ca nh my l doanh nghip sn xut nn s lao ng c trnh hc vn cao l khng nhiu chim t trng thp, ngc li t l cng nhn c k thut c tay ngh chim t trng tng i ln. Nguyn Th Nhung 18 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t S lng lao ng c trnh i hc nm 2009 tng 18 ngi tc 50% so vi nm 2008, nhng n nm 2010 li gim 3 ngi tc 5.5% so vi nm 2009. S lng lao ng c trnh i hc, cao ng v trung cp chim t trng khong 30% - 37% trn tng s lao ng ca nh my v thng gi v tr lnh o t lnh o cp cao n cp c s. S lng lao ng c trnh cao ng v trung cp c xu hng gim, do nh my thc hin cng tc tinh gim b my cn b c bit l lao ng gin tip lm cho b my tinh gn d qun l. S lao ng c trnh cao ng gim nhng khng ng k, nm 2010 l 5 ngi gim 1 ngi so vi nm 2009, s lao ng c trnh trung cp gim mnh nm 2009 gim 55 ngi tc 67% so vi nm 2008, nm 2010 gim 4 ngi tc 14.8% so vi nm 2009 xung cn 23 ngi. Lao ng ph thng l lao ng trc tip sn xut s lng tng i n nh v tuy nhng nm gn y nh my c ci to u t mt s dy chuyn nhng khng tuyn thm lao ng m tn dng lao ng hin c nhm tn dng kh nng lnh ngh ca cng nhn ng thi o to h tip nhn nhng thay i trong sn xut. 2.1.3.nh gi v gii tnh lao ng Bng phn loi lao ng theo gii tnh Ni dung Nm 2008 S T trng S lng 340 212 128 (%) 100 62.35 37.65 VT: Ngi Nm 2009 Nm 2010 T trng S T trng

Tng s lao ng Nam N

lng (%) lng (%) 276 100 262 100 175 63.41 165 62.98 101 36.59 97 37.02 (Ngun: Phng t chc hnh chnh)

Nhn vo bng s liu trn ta thy: Nh my xi mng Lu X hot ng ch yu trong lnh vc sn xut nn s lao ng nam chim t trng ln trong tng s lao ng ca nh my. Nm 2008 s lao ng nam l 212 ngi chim 62.35% trn tng s lao ng. nm 2009 gim 37 ngi xung cn 175 ngi chim 63.41%. n cui nm 2010 tip Nguyn Th Nhung 19 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t tc gim 10 ngi xung cn 165 ngi chim 62.98%. Lao ng nam lm vic ch yu cc phn xng. Lao ng n chim t trng nh hn v thng l lao ng gin tip ch yu tp trung cc phng ban chc nng, phng tng hp, phng k ton, phng kinh doanhC th s lao ng n trong doanh nghip qua cc nm nh sau: nm 2008 l 128 ngi chim 37.65%, nm 2009 l 101 ngi gim 27 ngi so vi nm 2008, nm 2010 gim 4 ngi so vi nm 2009 xung cn 97 ngi tng ng 37.02% trn tng s lao ng. 2.1.4.nh gi v cng vic ca lao ng 1. Thi gian lao ng nh mc Khi c quan: Cn b qun l v cng nhn phc v nh mc thi gian da vo Lut lao ng hin hnh: 8 gi/ngy, 48 gi/tun v c ngh vo ch nht ( ti a l 26 ngy cng). Ring b phn bn hng lm vic lin tc c ngy ch nht sau c ngh b vo cc ngy khc trong tun. Khi cng nhn trc tip sn xut: (Cng nhn vn hnh, ng bao, lao ng ph thng.) nh mc thi gian da vo khi lng sn phm m cng nhn lm c. Cng nhn ti xng lm vic 3 ca/ngy, mi ca 8 gi. B phn t chc hnh chnh s m nhn vic phn b cng nhn lm vic theo ca cho hp l v m bo p ng c sn xut. 2.Nng sut lao ng. Nng sut lao ng l ch tiu th hin hiu qu lao ng c ch ca con ngi c tnh bng s lng sn phm sn xut ra trong mt n v thi gian hoc thi gian hao ph sn xut ra mt n v sn phm. Nh my xi mng Lu X ang p dng ch tiu nng sut lao ng tnh bng hin vt o mc lm vic hiu qu ca cng nhn. Nng sut lao ng tnh bng hin vt l s lng sn phm k c s sn phm quy i trong nm tnh bnh qun u ngi. Nh my tnh nng sut lao ng bnh qun cho tt c cc nhn vin. W=Q/L Trong : W l nng sut lao ng bnh qun trong nm Nguyn Th Nhung 20 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Q l khi lng sn phm sn xut trong nm 2.2 Tuyn dng nhn vin

Bo co thc t

L l tng s lao ng bnh qun thc t s dng trong nm Tuyn dng lao ng l mt hin tng kinh t x hi. N biu hin vic tuyn chn v s dng lao ng phc v cho nhu cu nhn lc trong qu trnh lao ng ca doanh nghip . Tuyn chn l tin cho vic s dng lao ng. Cng tc tuyn chn l mt tin trnh trin khai v thc hin cc k hoch v chng trnh nhm m bo cho doanh nghip c ng s lng lao ng c b tr ng lc, ng ch. 2.2.1. Quy trnh tuyn dng Tuyn dng lao ng l yu t quan trng trong qu trnh qun l ngun nhn lc. Qua qu trnh tuyn dng lao ng mi, lao ng c tr ha, trnh lao dng c nng ln. Ngun nhn lc tuyn dng ch yu l con em cn b cng nhn vin trong nh my v thng bo tuyn dng trn cc knh thng tin. Phng t chc hnh chnh ph trch cng tc tuyn dng o to nhn s. Cng tc tuyn dng c din ra theo quy trnh cht ch m bo tuyn dng c ngi c nng lc gp phn pht trin vo s nghip chung ca nh my. Quy trnh tuyn dng nhn vin bao gm cc bc nh sau: 1. Bc 1: Xc nh cng vic v nhu cu tuyn dng nhn s Phng t chc hnh chnh qun l tnh hnh nhn s chung ca nh my cng nh tng phng ban c th. Hng nm cn c vo tnh hnh chung ca nh my v tnh hnh ca tng b phn gim c nh my s l ngi ra quyt nh tuyn dng nhn vin mi cho nh my. Nhu cu tuyn dng nhn s mi pht sinh do yu cu ca sn xut kinh doanh.

Nguyn Th Nhung

21

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t Sau khi xc nh c nhu cu tuyn dng nhn s nh my s ra cc mc tiu chun cn thit cho cng tc tuyn nhn s. l cc yu cu v trnh chuyn mn tay ngh, sc khe 2. Bc 2: Thng bo nhu cu tuyn dng nhn s Thng bo trong ni b c quan nh my, thng bo tuyn dng bng cch dn bng thng bo tr s c quan ca nh my, ng ti ln bo. 3. Bc 3:Thu nhn v nghin cu h s Sau khi nghin cu nhu cu tuyn dng nhn s phng t chc hnh chnh s tin hnh vic thu nhn h s, sau l nghin cu h s v cc ng c vin. Nghin cu h s loi b nhng ng c vin khng t tiu chun gim bt chi ph cho qu trnh tuyn dng cc giai on sau. 4. Bc 4: Thi tay ngh v phng vn Nh my ch tin hnh phng vn i vi nhng ng c vin c tuyn dng cc phng ban chc nng, gim c s l ngi trc tip phng vn cc ng c vin . i vi cc cng nhn cc phn xng c tin hnh thi tay ngh. Bi thi tay ngh do phng k thut sn xut ra v chm im. Vic thi tay ngh c gim st bi cn b trong phng k thut. 5. Bc 5: T chc khm sc khe Sau khi qua vng thi tay ngh v phng vn cc ng c vin s phi tin hnh khm sc khe nu iu kin th s c nhn vo lm vic ti nh my. 6. Bc 6: Th vic S nhn vin mi c tuyn dng phi tri qua thc t t nht l mt thng. Nu trong qu trnh th vic h c kh nng hon thnh tt mi cng vic c giao th s c k hp ng lao ng vi nh my, ngc li nu ai vi phm k lut hoc li bing, trnh chuyn mn qu km so vi yu cu ca cng vic th s khng c vo nh my lm vic. 7. Bc 7: Ra quyt nh Ngi ra quyt nh cui cng l gim c nh my, sau khi cc ng c vin p ng cc iu kin v hon thnh tt cc nhim v c giao gim c s Nguyn Th Nhung 22 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t xem xt v i n tuyn dng lao ng chnh thc. Hp ng lao ng s c k kt chnh thc gia gim c nh my vi ngi lao ng. Tuy nhin trong nhng nm gn y do tnh hnh sn xut v tinh thn ca nh my l ct gim nhn s tinh gin b my qun l t c hiu qu sn xut nn nh my ch tp trung vo o to nng cao tay ngh cho cng nhn, cn b cng nhn vin hin c ca doanh nghip ch khng c k hoch tuyn dng. 2.2.2. Kt qu tuyn dng 2 nm gn nht Trong 2 nm 2009 v 2010 nh my xi mng Lu X thc hin ch trng tinh gin b my qun l, ch yu pht trin nhn lc theo chiu su o to nhn vin hin c nng cao trnh tay ngh ca nhn vin gip ngi lao ng tip nhn c nhng quy trnh sn xut mi, p ng nhu cu sn xut. C th: nm 2009 tng s lao ng l 276 ngi nhung n nm 2010 tng s lao ng ca nh my gim 14 ngi xung cn 262 ngi. 2.3 o to nhn lc Pht trin ngun nhn lc l tng th cc hnh thc, phng php, chnh sch v bin php nhm hon thin v nng cao cht lng sc lao ng nhm p ng i hi v ngun nhn lc cho s pht trin doanh nghip hoc nn kinh t x hi trong tng giai on pht trin. Vai tr pht trin ngun nhn lc trong doanh nghip l: Gip cho ngi lao ng c c cc k nng v kin thc, th lc cn thit cho cng vic, nh vy m pht huy c nng lc ca h, gp phn tng nng sut lao ng. Mc tiu ca o to: Trang b k nng v tri thc cn thit cho cng

vic.

Nguyn Th Nhung

23

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t Nng cao c nng lc lm vic cho ngi lao ng. ng n nh vic lm, nng cao i sng cho ngi lao

2.3.1 Quy trnh o to o to nhn s pht trin ngun nhn lc c th c coi l yu t quan trng hng u quyt nh n thnh cng ca doanh nghip. Vai tr pht trin ngun nhn lc trong doanh nghip l: Gip cho ngi lao ng c c cc k nng v kin thc, th lc cn thit cho cng vic, nh vy m pht huy c nng lc ca h, gp phn tng nng sut lao ng. Mc ch ca o to nhn s nhm khc phc cc tn ti, nng cao trnh chuyn mn cho ngi lao ng, to ra i ng lao ng c cht lng chuyn mn cao, coi s pht trin v nhn lc l yu t cnh tranh sng cn ca doanh nghip. Trong qu trnh o to mi c nhn s c b p nhng thiu st trong kin thc chuyn mn v c truyn t thm cc kin thc, kinh nghim mi, c m rng tm hiu bit khng nhn hon thnh tt cng vic c giao m cng c th ng u vi nhng thay i ca mi trng ti cng vic. Ni dung ca o to nhn lc: o to nhng ngi lao ng mi nm bt c nhng k nng c bn . o to v bi dng nhng nhn vin qun l sn

xut kinh doanh . o to li p ng i mi cng ngh hoc

thay i h thng sn xut kinh doanh . o to li ph hp vi s thay i v tr lm

vic ca ngi lao ng Nguyn Th Nhung 24 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t T chc thi nng bc hng nm cho cng nhn . Do xc nh c tm quan trng ca cng tc ny nn nh my thng xuyn tin hnh cng tc o to nhn s, c bit l o to chuyn mn k thut cho ngi lao ng. Do trong nhiu nm qua i ng lao ng ca nhf my c nhng bc pht trin ng k thch nghi vi iu kin cnh tranh ca nn kinh t th trng.

S quy trnh o to

Nm nhu cu o to

Xy dng quy trnh o to

Lp k hoch o to

Thc hin o to

nh gi kt qu o to

Nh my tin hnh o to qua 5 bc c bn nh trn: u tin l phi nm c nhu cu o to xem o to v nhu cu g, i tng o to l ai. Tip phi xy dng c quy trnh o to gm nhng ni dung c bn no cho tng i tng o to. Sau l lp k hoch o to v s lng,thi gian o to. Tin hnh thc hin o to nhn vin theo k hoch nh. Bc cui cng khng th thiu l nh gi kt qu o to, phi nh gi c nhng im t c v thiu st trong qu trnh o to c nhng bin php khc phc nhm nng cao hiu qu, cht lng nhn lc.

Mt s hnh thc o to ca nh my:

Nguyn Th Nhung

25

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t Hnh thc o to c la chn tng ng ph hp vi tng mc tiu, i tng v yu cu ca cc ni dung chng trnh o to. - o to ti ch: l hnh thc o to theo vic bao gm: + o to ti cc phng nghip v, cc n v c s. + Tham gia cc hot ng thc t ti cc co s sn xut kinh doanh trong v ngoi ngnh. Hnh thc o to ny ph hp vi i tng chnh l cn b, chuyn vin phng nghip v. - o to ni b : l hinhg thc o to do nh my t chc hoc phi hp vi cc c s o to bn ngoi t chc theo yu cu ni dung chng trnh ca nh my. Hnh thc ny ph hp vi i tng chnh l cn b qun l cp cao, cc chuyn vin nghip v. - o to bn ngoi: l hnh thc o to do nh my c cn b cng nhn vin tham d cc kha o to do c s o to bn ngoi t chc. Ph hp vi i tng chnh l cn b qun l cp cao v chuyn gia u ngnh. 2.3.2 Kt qu o to Nh my cho cn b cng nhn vieentham gia cc chng trnh o to chnh nh l: o to tp hun v an ton lao ng phng chng chy n, an ton nhn vin, o to v marketing, o to KCS, cng nhn vn hnh hnh thit b, cng nhn sn xut bao b, o to v h thng qun l cht lng theo tiu chun ISO v cc chng trnh tp hun nng bc cho cng nhn - o to l lun chnh tr c coi trng, nhiu cn b qun l cc cp, cn b quy hoch c o to trnh cao cp, i hc v chnh tr. - o to tp hun nghip v cho i ng chuyn vin nghip v cc n v c s c tng cng v c hiu qu bi ni dung st thc, thi gian hp l v tit kim chi ph. - Ni dung chuong trnh o to tinhocj c thng nht v trin khai ng b tt c cc n v c s ca nh my. - o to cng nhn c tin hnh thng xuyn nh my. Nguyn Th Nhung 26 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t - i ng cn b cp cao ngoi o to chnh tr th t c iu kin tham gia cc chng trnh o to vi ni dung nng cao kin thc v k nng qun tr doanh nghip. y l ddiemr cn hn ch ca nh my trong cng tc o to nhn lc. Nhn chung, tnh hnh o to nhn lc ca nh my xi mng Lu X t c nhiu kt qu ng ghi nhn, trnh chuyn mn ca lao ng ngy cng c nng cao p ng c yu cu ca qu trnh sn xut.

2.4 nh gi thc hin cng vic 2.4.1. Cc ch tiu nh gi Trong quy trnh nh gi thnh tch nhn vin, vic la chn ng n cc ch tiu nh gi l mt trong nhng yu t quyt nh. Nh my xi mng Lu X s dng hai loi ch tiu nh gi l ch tiu v cng vic v ch tiu v hnh vi, tc phong lao ng. - Cc ch tiu v cng vic: cc kt qu t c trong cng tc, s thc hin so vi cc mc tiu t ra c th nh l cc ch tiu: kin thc v s hiu bit cng vic, khi lng cng vic, cht lng cng vic, kh nng t ch trong cng vic, sng kin sng tao, kh nng t chc, kh nng ra quyt nh, lnh o ch huy - Cc ch tiu v hnh vi v tc phong lnh o: l thi trong cng tc, cc phm cht c nhn c th l: tn trng quy trnh cng ngh, k lut v an ton lao ng, thi tinh thn lm vic, o c ngh nghip, mi quan h vi ng nghip, khch hng, kh nng phn tch tng hp phn on i vi cc cn b qun l, nhn vin vn phng v cng nhn sn xut th nh my xi mng Lu X li c nhng ch tiu nh gi ring: - i vi cn b qun l lnh o: Ngi lnh o cn mt nng lc tr tu, ti nng, s sang to, s nhy bn kp thi ng x v lm vic tt vi mi ngi, a ra c nhng quyt nh ng n. V th ngi lnh o phi t c nhng tiu chun sau: Nguyn Th Nhung 27 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t + Kh nng t cch c nhn: T cch c nhn, thc k lut, gng mu trc nhn vin, tnh lim khit, kh nng ng cm, kh nng chu ri ro. + Kh nng chuyn mn: Nng lc k thut chuyn mn, kh nng giao quyn cho nhn vin, kh nng gip nhn vin khuyn khch nhn vin pht trin. + Kh nng giao tip: Bit lng nghe, c ti nng gio dc nhn vin pht trin tinh thn on kt. + Kh nng lnh o: Kh nng phn tch t duy, vng vng trong quyt nh - i vi nhn vin vn phng: T cch c nhn, nng lc c nhn, s hiu bit v cng vic, lm vic ng gi hay chm tr, tun th cc ni quy quy ch lm vic, tc phong lm vic tp th, kh nng pht trin tin b kinh nghim, s tn nhim ca lnh o - i vi cng nhn sn xut: T cch c nhn, nng lc chuyn mn, khi lng cng vic, cht lng cng vic, tc phong lm vic tp th, tun th quy trnh cng ngh, quy tc an ton lao ng, tc phong lm vic tp th, tit kim vt t, s tn nhim 2.4.2. Quy trnh nh gi Quy trnh nh gi cng vic ca nh my xi mng Lu X tri qua 5 bc theo s sau: S : Quy trnh nh gi cng vic

Nguyn Th Nhung

28

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN

Bo co thc t

Xc nh ch tiu nh gi

Chun b nh gi

Tin hnh nh gi

Phng vn nh gi

Hon tt nh gi

Bc 1: Xc nh ch tiu nh gi: Thit lp cc mc tiu khc nhau cho cc nhn vin khc nhau, tng cng vic c th. i vi nhn vin phn xng sn xut nh gi bng ch tiu nng sut lao ng t sn lng (tn/ngy), i vi nhn vin bn hng t doanh thuCc ch tiu chung i vi tt c nhn vin. Bc 2: Chun b nh gi : Ln k hoch c th v thi gian, khng gian, xem xt phm vi trch nhim, quyn hn ca tng nhn vin, xem li h s nh gi ca cc k trc, xem quy trnh nh gi cng vic chung, chun b biu mu nh gi. Bc 3: Tin hnh nh gi: Thu thp thng tin nh gi: Quan st nhn vin thc hin cng vic, kim tra cc mu cng vic hon thnh, ni chuyn vi nhn vin, xem li bin bn li ca nhn vin. Bc 4: Phng vn nh gi: Gip lnh o i chiu thng tin cho kt qu nh gi chnh xc hn. Bc 5: Hon tt nh gi: Thng bo kt qu nh gi cho nhn vin xem h lm c nhng g v cha lm c nhng g c nhng bin php khc phc nhm nng cao hiu qu lm vic tng hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh. Nguyn Th Nhung 29 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN 2.4.3. Kt qu nh gi. * Nhng kt qu t c:

Bo co thc t

- Ban lnh o: Ban lnh o ca nh my c trnh nng lc cao do vy nhn nh ng n thy c kh khn m nh my phi vt qua c bit l s cnh tranh gay gt vi cc nh my xi mng khc cng a bn tnh Thi Nguyn nn ra c chnh sch hp l cho s pht trin ca nh my. C s phn cng mi ng ch trong Ban Gim c ph trch tng cng vic c th nm vng tin sn xut trong kinh doanh hng ngy, ch o phng ban chc nng x l kp thi nhng vng mc trong sn xut kinh doanh. C ch trng nh hng pht trin sn xut kinh doanh ng n, quan tm n vic i mi thit b cng ngh nng cao nng sut lao ng to tin cho s pht trin. - i ng cn b cng nhn vin trong nh my: Cn b k thut gim st c trnh k thut cao tay ngh vng chu trch nhim gim st tng phn xng, trc tip theo di tin sn xut v cht lng sn phm. Cc nhn vin trong cc phng ban chun b tt cc iu kin phc v sn xut. Cn i ng b, xy dng v giao k hoch tc nghip kp thi to iu kin thun li cho vic t chc sn xut trong cc phn xng. i ng cng nhn trong nh my c tay ngh cao, sc khe tt. Cc nhn vin trong nh my on kt tng than tng i gip ln nhau, pht huy tt tinh thn lm vic theo nhm. * Nhng hn ch cn khc phc - Mi quan h gia cc n v sn xut cng nh gia cc phng ban chc nng i khi cha c cht ch, do c lc cn xy ra s mt ng b nh hng ti tin sn xut. - Cng tc qun l i ng cn b k thut, th c tay ngh cao cn lng no cha khai thc ht c kh nng ca h, dn n trong sn xut cn tr tr v km nhy bn.

Nguyn Th Nhung

30

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t - thc v sinh trong cng nghip cn yu, tc phong cng nghip ca cng nhn lao ng cha cao. - Tnh t gic dn ch ca cn b cng nhn vin cha c pht huy nn cha p ng c nhu cu ca sn xut kinh doanh trong c ch th trng hin nay. - Ngoi ra cn c mt s cn b cng nhn trong nh my c trnh chuyn mn nghip v cn non km, cht lng lm vic cha p ng c nhu cu hin ti, thc trch nhim trong cng vic cha cao.

Nguyn Th Nhung

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Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Chng 3: Hot ng Marketing ca doanh nghip

Bo co thc t

Cc doanh nghip Vit Nam ni chung cng nh nh my xi mng Lu X ni ring ang hot ng trong c ch th trng vi mi trng kinh doanh y bin ng. Nhu cu th trng v cc sn phm xi mng thng xuyn bin ng v mc cnh tranh ngy cng gay gt. Con ng no gip doanh nghip tn ti v ng vng trn th trng y khc nghit nh hin nay. Cch duy nht l nh my phi thch ng vi th trng, iu hnh c hot ng ca doanh nghip theo nh hng th trng tht s. l cc ni dung ca hot ng Marketing ca nh my. 1. Hot ng nghin cu th trng ca cng ty Th trng l chic cu ni ca sn xut v tiu dng. Th trng l khu quan trng nht ca qu trnh ti sn xut hng ho. Ngoi ra th trng cn l ni kim nghim cc chi ph sn xut, chi ph lu thng v thc hin yu cu qui lut tit kim lao ng x hi. Th trng c coi l " tm gng " cc c s sn xut kinh doanh nhn bit c nhu cu x hi v nh gi hiu qu kinh doanh ca chnh bn thn mnh. Th trng l thc o khch quan ca mi c s kinh doanh. Tiu th l mt khu rt quan trng ca hot ng sn xut kinh doanh, hot ng tiu th sn phm c vai tr rt quan trng, quyt nh s sng cn ca doanh nghip bi v c tiu th c sn phm th doanh nghip mi c tin b p cc chi ph sn xut v tch ly t c th ti sn xut m rng. thc hin tt hot ng tiu th sn phm, doanh nghip cn phi thc hin mt lot cc cng vic a dng lin quan n cc chc nng khc v din ra phm vi rt rng nh: Tin hng cc hot ng Marketing, t chc mng li tiu th, cc bin php xc tin bn hng, ni cch khc Doanh nghip phi m rng th trng tiu th sn phm.

Nguyn Th Nhung

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Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t Th trng tiu th xi mng ang trong tnh hnh cng thng nhin liu u vo tng cao, t gi hi oi thay i, qu nhiu nh my xi-mng tp trung ti min bc, nhiu d n xi-mng sp n k tr n... v s hm nng sc cnh tranh ca th trng xi-mng Vit Nam. Trong bi cnh xi-mng c du hiu d tha, tn ti v pht trin, nh my xi mng Lu X cn c nhng bc i thn trng nhm thch ng v vt qua nhng thch thc quan trng ny. Theo thng k ca B Xy dng, sn xut xi-mng ton ngnh nm 2010 t 50,85 triu tn, thc t d tha khong 2 triu tn so vi nhu cu, trong c nc c thm 12 dy chuyn xi-mng l quay mi c hon thnh v i vo sn xut vi tng cng sut thit k 12 triu tn/nm. Theo d bo, nm 2011 s c khong by d n xi-mng a vo hot ng v lng d tha s tng khong t 5 n 10 triu tn, ty thuc nhiu yu t. Trong khi t nm 2008, gi than tng ln hn gp hai ln. Gi in, xng du v nhn cng cng u tng, nhng gi bn xi-mng trn th trng tng khng ng k. Cc nhn t nh hng ti th trng tiu th xi mng: 1. Nhn t thuc tm v m: Nhm n nh th trng xi-mng trc

bi cnh cnh tranh khc lit thi gian ti, B Xy dng v ang tp trung y mnh kch cu xi-mng bng nhiu phng n: s dng xi-mng lm cc cng trnh giao thng nng thn, knh mng ni ngy l iu kin thun li cho vic tiu th sn phm ca nh my. 2. Nhn t thuc v th trng khch hng: S a chung ca khch hng v sn phm, thi quen tiu dng 3. Nhn t thi tit kh hu: xi mng l sn phm tiu th ph thuc vo

iu kin thi tit trong ma ma sn phm xi mng dng nh b chng li do c im cc cng trnh khng th xy dng trong iu kin . 4. Mi trng cng ngh: cng ngh sn xut xi mng ca nh my xi

mng Lu X hin nay l sn xut xi mng PCB30 trong khi trn th trng ch yu p dng cng ngh sn xut xi mng PCB40 nn sn phm ca nh my t c kh nng cnh tranh trn th trng v mt cng ngh. Nguyn Th Nhung 33 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t 5. Nhn t ch quan: thuc v bn trong doanh nghip nh: yu t v gi, cht lng sn phm, thi gian cung ng nh gi ng c v tr quan trng ca th trng vi s pht trin ca nh my, nh my xi mng Lu X c nhng hot ng nghin cu th trng ng n. Hng thng phng th trng thng xuyn c cc cn b i kho st th trng tiu th ti cc tnh: Cao Bng, Vnh Phc, Tuyn Quang, Bc Cn, H Niv kho st lin tc trn a bn tnh Thi Nguyn. Sn phm ca nh my ch yu tiu th th trng trn v trong ni b nh my. Thi Nguyn l th trng tiu th sn phm ch yu chim gn 50% tng sn lng tiu th, trong cc nh my sn xut tm lp lun tiu th khong 35% sn lng sn xut ra. Thi Nguyn l tnh ang trn pht trin nn nhu cu v m rng, xy dng c s h tng rt ln, y l c hi v cng l thch thc cho doanh nghip v hin ti trn th trng Thi Nguyn th phn ca nh my mi ch chim khong 10%. y l t l cha cao v nu doanh nghip khng c gii php m rng th trng th rt kh cnh tranh trong iu kin hi nhp kinh t hin nay.

Bng: C cu th trng tiu th STT Th trng Nm 2010:sn lng tiu th xi mng 71.367 tn Sn lng tiu th (tn) % tiu th ti cc th trng (%) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Thi Nguyn Can Bng Bc Cn Tuyn Quang H Ni Vnh Phc H Ty 36.719 10.562 2.141 714 14.987 5.709 535 34 51,2 14,8 3 1 21 8 1 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Nguyn Th Nhung

Trng H KT & QTKD TN

Bo co thc t

(Ngun: phng th trng) Cc th trng cn li tiu th khong 50%sn lng xi mng ca nh my. Tuy nh my khng ngng m rng th phn trong khu vc nhng do hin nay trn th trng c nhiu sn phm cnh tranh nn sn phm ca nh my ang mt dn v th ch o. in hnh l nh my xi mng La Hin, nh my xi mng Quang Sn vi cng ngh l quay hin i v chin lc bn hng linh hot v ang chim c lng tin ca ngi tiu dung. Hn na, H Ni v Vnh Phc l hai th trng tiu th rt ln nhng li ch chim 18% sn lng tiu th ca nh my. iu ny cho thy cng tc Marketing ca doanh nghip cn nhiu hn ch cn khc phc. 3.2. Cc yu t nh hng n hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my Cc yu t nh hng n hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my xi mng Lu X

Nguyn Th Nhung

35

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Mi trng kinh doanh

Bo co thc t

Mi trng bn ngoi

Mi trng bn trong

Mi trng v m - MT quc t - Kinh t - T nhin - Chnh tr php lut - Cng ngh -Vn ha

Mi trng vi m - Nh cung cp - Khch hng - i th cnh tranh - i th cnh tranh tim n - Sn phm thay th - Th trng lao ng

Con ngi Ti chnh K thut Cng ngh Vn ha doanh nghip

Nguyn Th Nhung

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Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN 3.3. Hot ng Marketing mix ca nh my

Bo co thc t

tha mn nhu cu ca ngi tiu dng qua ti a ha li nhun cho doanh nghip, cc nh marketing phi pht trin cc chin lc marketing hiu qu, xc lp hn hp marketing vi 4 bin php ch yu l cc quyt nh sn phm, cc quyt nh gi, cc quyt nh phn phi, hn hp cc hot ng xc tin. Cc hot ng ca Marketing mix chnh l cc bin php p ng cc mong mun ca ngi tiu dng: Gii php cho khch hng, chi ph i vi khch hng, s tin li cho khch hng, truyn thng ti khch hng. Nh vy, Marketing hiu qu bao gm mt hn hp cc hot ng ca doanh nghip hng vo tha mn khch hng c lp k hoch v thc hin nhm lm cho qu trnh trao i hng ha dch v din ra theo cc mc tiu nh. 1. Chnh sch v sn phm Lnh vc sn xut ca nh my xi mng Lu X - Sn xut xi mng PCB30 - Sn xut cu kin b tng c sn. - Sn xut gch . - Xy dng cng trnh cng nghip v dn dng. Cc loi sn phm ca nh my - Xi mng: sn phm chnh ca nh my l xi mng Poocland hn hp PCB30 c sn xut theo tiu chun TCVN 6260:1997. Sn phm ch yu dng cho cc cng trnh xy dng c tnh vnh cu. Xi mng Poocland PCB30 c bit thch hp cho vic sn xut cc kt cu b tng chu c thui th cao nh: ct dm, sn, mi nh dn dng v cc cng trnh thy li nh: p, k, mng mng Ngoi ra sn phm xi mng ca nh my cn l nguyn liu sn xut cc sn phm khc nh: ct in, ng cng, panen vi nhiu chng loi v kch c khc nhau.

Nguyn Th Nhung

37

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t Mu m sn phm: ng trong bao kn, v bao c lp chng m nn m bo gi c cht lng xi mng. Trn v bao c in biu tng ca nh my xi mng Lu X, tn loi xi mng, tn v a ch nh my, nh lng hng ha, ngy sn xut, hn s dng, hng dn s dngSn phm c bo hnh 60 ngy t ngy sn xut. t c cht lng tt th mi cng on cn c kim tra v phn tch k v thnh phn ha l, mnnh my p dng nhiu gii php ci tin cng ngh hn ch lng vi t do trong cng ngh sn xut xi mng l ng Vit Nam. Cng ngh l ng l cng ngh sn xut trung bnh Vit Nam hin nay, sn phm ca nh my l PCB 30 t tiu chun sao vng, nhng trn th trng ch yu l sn phm xi mng PCB 40 tha mn tt hn nhu cu ca th trng c ngi tiu dng a chung. V th nh my xi mng Lu X mun cnh tranh trn gc sn phm cn i mi cng ngh sn xut t l ng sang l quay, ci tin i mi day chuyn cng ngh. 2. Chnh sch gi Cc bc ra quyt nh gi + Xc nh mc tiu nh gi + c tnh nhu cu ti cc mc gi khc nhau + c tnh chi ph sn xut vi cc mc sn lng khc nhau , vi mc khc bit ha sn phm khc nhau. + Phn tch gi c, chi ph , sn phm ca i th cnh tranh + La chn phng php nh gi + Xc nh mc gi c th Nh my nh gi sn phm da vo nhng cn c sau: Cn c vo gi thnh sn xut sn phm

Nguyn Th Nhung

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Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN gim gi cho tng khu vc. Gi ca i th cnh tranh Chnh sch gi ca tng cng ty Tnh hnh cnh tranh trn th trng Chin lc pht trin ca nh my trong cc giai on

Bo co thc t

Cn c vo tng thi k, s bin ng ca th trng xem xt tng hoc

Ti cc th rng khc nhau v ty tng thi im khc nhau m nh my a ra cc mc gi khc nhau. T ngy 20/12/1996 n nay nh my xi mng Lu X cng nh cc nh my xi mng khc Vit Nam u thc hin theo thng t s 06/TT-NP ca ban vt gi chnh ph v b xy dng v c ch qun l gi xi mng vi mc tiu l: bnh n gi trn th trng c nc v ph hp vi tnh hnh sn xut tiu th xi mng trong thi gian tip theo. Sn phm xi mng ca nh my sn xut ra cnh tranh trn th trng nn gi sn phm ch yu do th trng nh sn. Hin ti, nh my xi mng Lu X ang thc hin nh gi theo phng php xc nh chi ph ton b. Theo phng php ny, chi ph c s bao gm chi ph nguyn vt liu trc tip, chi ph cng nhn trc tip v chi ph sn xut chung. Chi ph cng thm cng l c s hnh thnh gi bn. Chi ph cng thm bao gm chi ph bn hng v chi ph qun l. Gi bn = Chi ph c s + chi ph cng thm + li nhun d kin T mc gi chun c xc nh da vo tnh hnh th trng, nhu cu tng thi im, tng thi k v mc gi ca i th cnh tranh nh my c th iu chnh mc gi bn linh hot trong phm vi cho php. Cc mc gi chu s gim st cht ch ca gim c v trng phng th trng. Ngoi ra, nh my cn p dng mt s chnh sch tr gi, hoa hng v thng cho cc i l khuyn khch cc i l bn hng hiu qu hn v nhm m rng h thng i l phn phi. Nh my cn rt quan tm n vic Nguyn Th Nhung 39 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t qung co trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng nh: i pht thanh truyn hnh Thi Nguyn, bo Thi Nguyn, pano, apphich, mng InternetBn cnh nh my cng tham gia ti tr cc chng trnh truyn hnh, ng h t thin, tham gia cc hot ng x hi Chnh sch gi ca nh my: Ti cc th trng khc nhau nh my a ra cc mc gi khc nhau trn c s gi xi mng cng loi, a ra cc mc gi khuyn khch khch hng dng sn phm ca nh my cng nh cnh tranh v gi so vi cc i th cnh tranh. th trng Thi Nguyn do cng ngh l ng ca nh my khng th cnh tranh c vi cng ngh l quay ca cc i th cnh tranh khc nn nh my tin hnh nh gi thp hn ginh li th v gi. C ch chit khu - i vi khu vc Thi Nguyn + Khch hng mua t 50 tn 100 tn xi mng c chit khu 8000/tn + Khch hng mua t 100 tn 300 tn xi mng c chit khu 11000/tn + Khch hng mua t 300 tn 500 tn xi mng c chit khu 13000/tn + Khch hng mua t 500 tn 700 tn xi mng c chit khu 15000/tn + Khch hng mua trn 700 tn c chit khu 17000/tn - i vi khu vc Cao Bng, Bc Cn + Khch hng mua <100 tn xi mng c chit khu 5000/tn + Khch hng mua t 100 tn 200 tn xi mng c chit khu 7000/tn + Khch hng mua t 200 tn 300 tn xi mng c chit khu 9000/tn + Khch hng mua trn 300 tn xi mng c chit khu 11000/tn Ngoi vic thc hin chit khu cho khch hng mua vi s lng ln, nh my cn p dng mc chit khu cho cc nh phn phi trung gian nhm hp dn v thc y qu trnh tiu th. Nguyn Th Nhung 40 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Hnh thc thanh ton

Bo co thc t

C hai hnh thc thanh ton l tr tin ngay v tr tin chm. N tr tin ngay th s c gim 10000/tn i vi tt c khch hng. 3. Chnh sch knh phn phi Sau khi a ra cc quyt nh v sn phm v gi bn, by gi l lc nh qun tr Marketing phi quyt nh a sn phm ra th trng nh th no. Tc l doanh nghip phi t chuacs v qun l h thng knh phn phi sn phm trn th trng. Qun l knh phn phi hiu qu s a sn phm n ng ni, ng thi gian, ng s lng cht lng m khch hng yu cu vi tng chi ph thp nht. Ti nh my xi mng Lu X h thng cc ca hng phn phi c quyn nhn sn phm trc tip t nh my sau phn phi trc tip n tay ngi tiu dng. i vi khch hng mua vi s lng ln c th n trc tip cng ty mua tuy nhin gi mua vn bng gi cc ca hng phn phi.

S knh phn phi ca nh my xi mng Lu X

Nh my xi mng Lu X

Ca hng c quyn

Ngi tiu dng

(Ngun: Phng th trng)

Nguyn Th Nhung

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Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t y l m hnh phn phi ph hp vi mt doanh nghip c quy m sn xut va v nh nh nh my xi mng Lu X. Sn phm ca nh my c phn phi qua 2 knh: Knh 1:knh trc tip: y l knh phn phi trc tip t nh my n ngi tiu dng. Cch phn phi ny gim dduocj chi ph lu thng sn phm v thng p dng i vi khch hng gn nh my hoc khch hng ly vi s lng ln. Knh 2: Knh gin tip cp 1:i vi knh ny thi gian lu thng tng i nhanh, chi ph lu thng khng qu ln. H thng phn phi sn phm ca nh my phn ln bao ph c th trng Thi Nguyn v ph hp vi quy m hin ti ca nh my. Thng qua cc ca hng phn phi nh my kch thch qu trnh tiu th tng cng nh thu thp thng tin kin phn hi t khch hng. Tuy nhin chi ph phn phi cng chim t trng kh ln trong tng chi ph trong khi mc hiu qu cha tng xng. Cc ca hng tiu th cn nh l,tnh chuyn nghip cha cao nn ch yu ch tip cn c th trng bn l, t ginh c cc cng trnh xy dng ln nn thng hiu xi mng Lu X cha c nhiu ngi bit n. 4.Chnh sch xc tin hn hp Nh my xi mng Lu X cha xy dng c chnh sch xc tin hn hp c th no. y l im cn hn ch ca nh my. Khch hng ca nh my ch yu l nhng khch hng quen nn nh my cng cha quan tm nhiu n vic qung co, khuch trng sn phm. Qung co sn phm i hi chi ph cao m nhiu khi kt qu em li khng p ng chi ph b ra, khng phi bt c chng trnh qung co no cng t hiu qu mong mun. Cn c vo tnh hnh hin ti ca nh my th chng trnh xc tin hn hp cha thc s c quan tm ng mc nhng nh my nh v c trong tm tr khch hng th trong tng lai nh my phi xy dng c nhng chnh sch xc tin ng n v ph hp.

Nguyn Th Nhung

42

Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t Chng 4: Ni dung v Qun tr sn xut v cung ng nguyn vt liu hoc Qun tr cung ng hng ha 4.1. Phng php d bo ca doanh nghip D bo l mt cng c iu hnh quan trng ca doanh nghip. c bit l trong doanh nghip sn xut th vic d bo v nguyn vt liu cng c ch trng. Bi l, nguyn vt liu l yu t u vo ca qu trnh sn xut, u vo n nh s gip cho hot ng sn xut c tin hnh bnh thng. Ngoi ra nhim v ca d bo cn phi tnh ton c lng nguyn vt liu, lng t hng ti u sao cho p ng nhu cu sn xut v tng chi ph cho t hng v lu kho l thp nht. Nm bt c tm quan trng ca d bo nguyn vt liu i vi sn xut nh my xi mng Lu X c nhng phng php d bo ph hp vi iu kin ca nh my v tnh hnh th trng. Nh my s dng c phng php d bo nh tnh v nh lng. i vi nh my Xi mng Lu X, vic xc nh nhu cu nguyn vt liu c giao cho phng k hoch - k thut m nhim. Phng php nh tnh: Phng php ny da trn c s nhn xt ca nhng yu t lin quan, da trn nhng kin v cc kh nng c lin h ca nhng yu t lin quan ny trong tng lai. Phng php nh tnh c lin quan n mc phc tp khc nhau, t vic kho st kin c tin hnh mt cch khoa hc nhn bit cc s kin tng lai hay t kin phn hi ca khch hng. Phng php nh tnh cn c vo: Nhn nh ca phng k hoch k thut v nhu cu xi mng ca th trng trong tng thi k, s bin ng ca th trng, iu kin t nhin Phng php nh lng: L phng php d bo da trn nhng s liu qu kh c lin quan n tng lai. Nh my xy dng m hnh d bo trn c s khi lng tiu th sn phm ca nhng nm qu kh, k hoch ca nh my trong thi im nghin cu, d bo nhu cu tiu dng xi mng, cng sut thit k ca my mc,tnh hnh ti chnh ca nh myT tnh ton ra nh mc tiu dng nguyn vt liu ph hp m bo cho hot ng sn xut kinh doanh t hiu qu cao nht. Nguyn Th Nhung 43 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN - Cc bc tin hnh: + Xc nh mc tiu + Chn loi d bo + Chn m hnh d bo + Thu thp d liu +Tin hnh d bo + ng dng kt qu 4.2. Qun l d tr

Bo co thc t

Qun l d tr tt gip doanh nghip tit kim vn lu ng, ci thin ch tiu hiu qu s dng vn. Qu trnh d tr doanh nghip chu nhiu khon chi ph nh: vn, lao ng, bo qun, vn chuyn, kho bi, h hao mt mt Qun l d tr tt lm gim chi ph v tng li nhun. Chnh sch mua sm, d tr NVL ca Nh my thng l nhng quy nh mang tnh lu di, t thay i. N c xy dng da trn yu cu NVL cho sn xut, da trn cc mi quan h ca Nh my vi cc nh cung ng, s ch o ca Ban gim c Nh my. Da trn tnh cht hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca Nh my l thnh vin ca Cng ty C phn u t v Sn xut Cng nghip, nn sn lng sn phm sn xut mi nm l khng c nh, c nhng nm c th sn lng sn xut ging nhau nhng c nhiu nm l khc nhau. Do nhu cu v NVL ca Nh my mi nm l khng c nh. Di y l quy trnh mua sm NVL ca nh my.

Nguyn Th Nhung

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Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN

Bo co thc t

Nhu cu NVL

La chn nh cung ng

T chc mua sm NVL

Nghin cu th trng NVL

Kho, bi cha NVL Quy trnh mua sm NVL ca nh my

Vn chuyn

u nm, Nh my thng gi phiu iu tra nh cung ng cho cc nh cung ng, sau khi cc nh cung ng in vo cc thng tin ca mnh th Nh my s da vo phiu iu tra ny ly cn c la chn nh cung ng. T nhng thng tin thu thp c t nh cung ng cn b NVL s nh gi cc nh cung ng, im mnh, im yu ca h thng qua cc ch tiu v gi c, cht lng, chng loi, hnh thc, thi gian giao hng, chit khu thng mi, phng thc vn chuyn, iu kin thanh ton, cc dch v sau khi bn hng nh khuyn mi cng nh uy tn, thi gian hot ng ca cc nh cung ng,...T tng kt nh gi c u im, nhc im ca cc nh cung ng cng nh iu kin hp tc lu di v li ch thu c ca nh my Nguyn Th Nhung 45 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t y l mt yu t cn c quan tm v c rt nhiu trng hp cc nh cung ng c nhiu u im tuy nhin phi mt nhiu chi ph k kt hp ng cng nh mc ri ro cao. Nguyn nhn l do c th hng c chuyn n nhng cht lng khng m bo phi i li lm pht sinh thm thi gian chuyn ch hng ho, hoc pht sinh thm chi ph c hi nh mt n t hng, pht sinh chi ph vn chuyn,...Do quyt nh la chn nh cung ng phi thc s c tin hnh cn thn trc khi i n k kt hp ng vi mt nh cung ng. Tuy nhin qu trnh nh gi, la chn cc nh cung ng hin nay ca Nh my cn mang tnh ch quan, ch yu c thc hin bi Ban gim c v cn b NVL. Cha c phng chuyn trch thc hin cng tc nh gi la chn nh cung ng ng thi cha c mt cng c, mt bng tng hp c th v cch thc nh gi, mc quan trng ca cc yu t rt ra nhng u v nhc im c th ca tng nh cung ng v vy cng tc la chn nh cung ng i khi cha thc s chun xc. Do mun la chn nh cung ng tt nh my cn c cch thc la chn khoa hc v c th hn na. Sau khi la chn c nh cung ng Nh my s tin hnh t chc hot ng mua sm. Mt s nh cung ng truyn thng ca Nh my Mt s nh cung ng truyn thng ca nh my STT 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Tn nh cung ng Cng ty TNHH Hi Thy Cng ty CP u t & Khai thc than TN Cng ty TNHH Nam Sn Cng ty TNHH Chin Thng Cng ty TNHH Min Ni Hp tc x tiu th cng nghip Tri Cau Cng ty TNHH Danh mc NVL Than Than Qung st t st

(Ngun: Phng k hoch-k thut) Thc trng cng tc xc nh lng t hng NVL ca Nh my Trong nh my khi lng cc n t hng da trn cc cn c: - Th nht, l tnh hnh NVL c th ca nh my ti thi im mua hng - Th hai, l s lng NVL cn thiu ht so vi k hoch t ra Nguyn Th Nhung 46 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t - Th ba, l chnh sch gi c hng khi mua n hng khi lng khc nhau - Th t, l xu hng NVL trong thi gian ti y l nhng cn c cng kh xc thc tuy nhin vic xc nh khi lng t hng da trn cc yu t ny mi ch xt n nhu cu NVL ca Nh my ch cha xt n chi ph t hng, chi ph lu kho, nh my cha p dng mt m hnh t hng ti u no. Do hiu qu trong vic mua sm NVL l cha cao. V vy mun xy dng nhu cu NVL thc s chun xc, hn ch c cc chi ph lu kho, bo qun, chi phi t hng... m vn m bo cung cp NVL mt cch kp thi cho sn xut th nh my cn: - Cn c vo tnh hnh ca Nh my (nh mc tiu dng, tnh hnh kho bi, gi c NVL...) - Phi hp gia nhiu b phn qun tr khc nhau (b phn tiu th, b phn sn xut, b phn ti chnh...) - B phn tiu th cung cp s liu tiu th, tnh hnh v kh nng tiu th ca tng loi mt hng nh my d bo nhu cu sn phm c chnh xc. - B phn sn xut cho bit tnh hnh sn xut (nng lc sn xut, iu kin sn xut) - B phn ti chnh s cung cp thng tin tnh hnh ti chnh hin ti ca Nh my - p dng m hnh t hng ti u cho Nh my *Thc trng d tr NVL ca nh my

S thit lp m hnh qun tr d tr Xc nh Hoch Xc nh sn lng nh nhu cc chi ph n hng cu lin quan ti u T chc sn xut lu kho v qun l

Hoch nh ngun lc Trin khai thu mua

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Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t D tr NVL l khu rt quan trng i vi Nh my. Nu lm tt cng tc d tr NVL th khng nhng m bo cho qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh c din ra thng xuyn lin tc m cn gim c chi ph lu kho. Di y l tnh hnh d tr NVL ca nh my trong hai nm: 2008 v 2009 Tnh hnh tn kho hai nm 2008 v 2009 ca Nh my STT Tn hng cc loi vi mt en t st Than Thch cao Qung st X Tn kho cui nm 2008 (tn) 17.850 25.300 250 1300 2.500 9.500 400 650 100 Tn kho cui nm 2009 (tn) 20.758 19.567 191 1.000 3.370 6.014 557 690 40

1 2 3 4 5 6

(Ngun: Phng K hoch-K thut) T bng trn cho thy, lng d tr NVL nm 2009 tng so vi nm 2008 hu ht cc loi NVL. Nguyn nhn c phn do sn lng sn xut nm 2009 tng hn so vi nm 2008. Song qua bng s liu trn, c th nhn thy rng cng tc d tr NVL ca Nh my vn cn mang tnh ch quan v nhiu bt cp, cha c mt cng c tnh ton c th, d tr ch da trn nhu cu sn xut, tnh hnh tn kho nm trc, tnh ch quan ca c nhn, cha c c m hnh mt d tr mang tnh cht khoa hc no. *Qun tr h thng kho tng v cp pht nguyn vt liu - H thng kho tng ca nh my

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Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN H thng kho tng ca Nh my STT 1 2 3 4 5 Nguyn vt liu t st Qung st Than Barit Ph gia: Thch cao X l cao Ph gia mu (Ngun: Phng K hoch-K thut) Ngoi tri Hnh thc bo qun Ngoi tri Kho Kho Kho Ngoi tri

Bo co thc t

Nh my c 3 kho dng cha cc loi NVL: Than, t st v qung st. - Kho than: Chi ph u t l 250 triu ng, khu hao trong 15 nm, sc cha ca kho l 7000 tn - Kho t: Chi ph u t ban u l 220 triu ng, khu hao trong 10 nm, sc cha ca kho l 8000 tn - Kho qung: Chi ph u t ban u l 220 triu ng, khu hao trong 10 nm, sc cha ca kho l 6000 tn. - c lu kho ngoi tri *Cng tc tip nhn, bo qun v cp pht NVL Nh my ch yu mua NVL theo nguyn tc hng v n ca nn cng tc tip nhn, bo qun v qun l NVL ch yu c din ra ti kho bi ca Nh my. - Cng tc tip nhn NVL Sau khi k kt hp ng thnh cng Nh my t chc tip nhn NVL t nh cung ng. Qu trnh tip nhn din ra trc tip ti ni cung ng vi nhng n hng do Nh my t vn chuyn. Trong khong thi gian t khi hp ng c k kt cho n khi NVL c chuyn ti kho, Nh my cn chun b mi

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Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t vn cho vic lu kho NVL t chun b nhn lc tip nhn n hng n chun b din tch ni cha hng,... Theo quy nh ca Nh my th tt c NVL trc khi nhp kho u phi tin hnh kim tra v s lng, cht lng, chng loi NVL, thi gian giao hng v cc giy t lin quan n hp ng. Ton b qu trnh kim tra ny s c ghi chp qua bin bn kim tra NVL. Nu ton b yu cu u c p ng NVL s c chuyn vo kho ca Nh my. Ngc li vi nhng l hng khng m bo yu cu s c tho thun hoc tr li nh cung ng. Vi nhng l NVL khng t yu cu, cn b NVL s tho thun li vi nh cung ng. Khi NVL khng s lng, chng loi NVL th nh cung ng s phi b thm v chu pht hp ng hoc hai bn tho thun li hp ng c th nh my vn chp nhn n hng nhng vi mc gi c v quy nh theo tho thun gia hai bn. Nu cht lng khng m bo th l hng s tr li nh cung ng v c i li l hng khc. - Cng tc bo qun NVL NVL sau khi c tip nhn vo kho s tu chng loi m c xp vo cc kho khc nhau. t st, qung st v than c a vo cc kho ring cn c ngoi tri. Vic bo qun NVL ch yu l cc cng tc nh duy tr h thng nh sng, h thng thot nc kt hp vi dn dp, v sinh cc rnh, kho m bo iu kin bo qun NVL phc v cho sn xut ca Nh my. Nguyn tc xut kho ca Nh my l nhp trc xut trc trnh NVL trong thi gian bo qun qu di, hn ch vic hao ht NVL v tng m. Th kho phi thng xuyn kim tra tnh hnh NVL trong kho c v s lng, cht lng, tun th cc nguyn tc bo qun nhm m bo t l hao ht nm trong quy nh. Thng thng qu trnh kim tra ny din ra thng xuyn khong 2 ngy cn b qun l li tin hnh kim tra mt ln hoc khi c cc n hng nhp NVL. - Cng tc cp pht NVL Lng NVL c xut dng cn c vo yu cu ca phng K hoch K thut v nhu cu NVL cho sn xut. Phng K hoch K thut s yu cu Nguyn Th Nhung 50 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t loi NVL khi lng c th gi xung kho NVL. Th kho s cn c vo cc yu cu ny m xut dng NVL. Phng k hoch-k thut Phn xng SX

Kho, bi NVL

T chc xut dng NVL * Tnh hnh qun tr chi ph NVL ti Nh my Hin nay Nh my cha thc hin y vic qun tr chi ph d tr NVL, cha tnh ra chi ph t hng, chi ph lu kho trong mt nm ca Nh my. Nh my mi ch tnh n thun l vic tr lng cho ngi i t mua hng, tr lng cho b phn kim phm, khu hao nh kho, lng bo v, lng th kho, cng tc ph, ch cha a chng vo cc chi ph v NVL. y l mt trong nhng im yu ca Nh my m cn phi khc phc. Nh vy vic qun tr chi ph d tr NVL ca Nh my cn nhiu thiu st cn phi thay i. Chi ph t hng - Tr lng cho cn b chuyn ph trch mua hng l 3.000.000/thng - Tin cng tc ph l 300.000 /thng - Chi ph kim tra mu hng l 160.000 /mu/ngy. C 5 loi NVL c ly mu kim tra l vi, qung st, than, t v x - Chi ph tin lng cho cn b ly mu l 2.500.000 /thng - Lng cn b bn cn l 2.000.000 /thng - Lng cn b bo v l 2.000.000 /thng Chi ph lu kho - i vi th lu kho ngoi tri v vy chi ph lu kho l khng ng k - i vi than, t v qung st th c lu trong kho: + Chi ph khu hao nh kho: Kho than: chi ph u t l 250 triu ng khu hao trong vng 20 nm, nh vy mi nm khu hao l 12,5 triu ng. Nguyn Th Nhung 51 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t Kho qung v t st: Chi ph u t l 220.000.000 ng khu hao trong vng 10 nm, nh vy chi ph khu hao hng nm l 22.000.000 ng. * nh gi v cng tc qun tr d tr NVL ti Nh my - im mnh + Cng tc t chc v phn cng nhim v Hin nay cng tc xc nh nhu cu NVL v cc chnh sch v NVL c giao cho phng K hoch k thut trong Nh my m nhim. Nh vy Nh my c phng chuyn ph trch v vn cng tc d tr NVL mc d phng ny cn m nhim mt s cng vic quan trng khc nh k thut, vt t Ni chung v cng tc qun tr d tr NVL trong Nh my c phn cng nhim v t trn xung di, t Gim c n phng th trng, phng K hoch K thut cho n cc kho, t vic hoch nh nhu cu cho n vic tip nhn, bo qun v xut dng NVL. + H thng kho bi ca Nh my Hin nay nh my Xi mng Lu X c h thng kho bi c sc cha tng i ln v p ng nhu cu d tr, khng xy ra tnh trng phi i thu kho bi cng khng c tnh trng lu kho ngoi tri qu nhiu. i vi cc loi NVL c gi tr cao v cn bo qun tt th c lu trong kho, cn li lu kho ngoi tri. i vi cc loi NVL nh than, t st, qung st c lu trong kho vi y h thng nh sng, h thng thot nc v v sinh. i vi NVL nh c lu kho ngoi tri trn nn b tng v nn t. c th ca cc loi NVL ny l nu m qu cao s dn n tn nhiu chi ph sy v nh hng khng tt n thit b sn xut v vy h thng kho tng ca Nh my c nh gi l kh quan trng. + Cng tc tip nhn NVL Cng tc tip nhn NVL ti Nh my din ra nhanh chng v m bo y th tc yu cu v tip nhn. NVL c vn chuyn ti kho s c kim tra v s lng, cht lng, chng loi hp ng k kt, xc nhn v thc hin nhp kho. Qu trnh ny din ra rt nhanh chng khng mt nhiu Nguyn Th Nhung 52 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t thi gian, to iu kin thun li NVL chuyn vo kho bi phc v cho hot ng sn xut ca Nh my. + Cng tc qun l NVL Hot ng kim k thng xuyn c tin hnh 2 ngy /1 ln m bo c s thng k theo di v tnh hnh NVL ca Nh my v vy nhanh chng a NVL vo s dng ng thi gim c chi ph hao ht NVL ca nh my, nng cao nng lc s dng NVL ca Nh my. + Cng tc xut dng NVL c thc hin kh nhanh chng, cc th tc khng phc tp rm r ch cn c lnh xut kho c xc nhn ca ph gim c, lng NVL s c xut khi kho ca Nh my, to s thun tin linh hot cho qu trnh s dng NVL ca Nh my. Bn cnh nhng mt lm c, cng tc qun tr d tr NVL ti nh my Xi mng Lu X cn nhiu hn ch cn c bin php khc phc. - im yu + Cng tc xc nh lng t hng NVL Nh my khng xc nh lng t hng ti u, khi lng t hng c xc nh khng da trn cc cn c v chi ph mua hng v chi ph lu kho m ch c cn c trn tnh hnh NVL ca Nh my ti thi im , tnh hnh thiu ht NVL so vi k hoch v chnh sch gi m nh cung ng t ra. Vic cn nhc xc nh khi lng t hng mang tnh ch quan ph thuc vo quyt nh ca Ban gim c cha c mt cn c khoa hc xc ng no. Chnh v vy nh hng n chi ph NVL ca Nh my trong tc ng ln nht l chi ph lu kho, Nh my khng nh gi c hiu qu ca cc n t hng i vi Nh my. Mun d bo chnh xc nhu cu NVL, v gim thiu chi ph NVL th cng tc xc nh cu (Q), xc nh nh mc s dng NVL (M) phi thc s c ch trng v c tch bit r rng, c th theo tng loi NVL. Cng tc xc nh lng d tr (DT) phi c cch tnh c th cn c vo cc yu t v s bin ng ca th trng NVL cng nh tnh hnh thc t ca Nh my v lng Nguyn Th Nhung 53 Lp K5 QTKDTH B

Trng H KT & QTKD TN Bo co thc t NVL tn kho, v tnh hnh ti chnh ca Nh my, ng thi phi xc nh lng t hng ti u cho Nh my c th tit kim c chi ph t hng, m bo v kho tng cng nh m bo v chi ph NVL (chi ph lu kho). + Cng tc qun tr chi ph NVL Qun tr chi ph NVL l qun l ton b cc chi ph pht sinh trong qu trnh mua sm, d tr v bo qun NVL. Tuy nhin cng tc qun tr chi ph d tr NVL ca Nh my cha r rng, thm ch l cha y . Mt s chi ph d tr NVL khng c xc nh nh chi ph t hng, chi ph lu kho, chi ph ti chnh, khng tch bch v phn nh y nhng chi ph NVL (gia chi ph vn chuyn vi gi mua NVL khng tch bch r rng), n thun nh my ch cho l cc chi ph sn xut kinh doanh. V vy Nh my cha xc nh c chnh xc chi ph d tr NVL ca mnh, cha c mt m hnh t hng ti u. 4.3. Cng tc lp k hoch iu sn xut Trong qu trnh sn xut nh my phi tin hnh nhiu cng vic khc nhau, iu ny i hi s iu hnh sp xp sao cho khoa hc hp l, cht ch vo nhng lc cao im cng nh nhng lc nhn ri. iu sn xut nhm mc tiu m bo cc cng vic c thc hin vi hiu qu cao nht, c th l thi gian thc hin nhanh nht, t tn km nht mang li li nhun cao nht p ng c nhu cu ca khch hng l tt nht. iu sn xut l cng vic xc nh thi gian bt u v kt thc mt cng on gia cng. Cng vic ny lin quan n vic xc nh cn lm cng vic no ch lm vic no v tnh ton thi gian cho mi cng vic v thi gian tng cng. Lp k hoch v iu sn xut l mt trong nhng chc nng quan trng trong bt c cng ty sn xut no. Qu trnh lp k hoch da trn ngun lc gii hn hin c, theo cc hot ng sn xut tha mn yu cu ca khch hng trong mt khong thi gian xc nh trong tng lai.

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