The Europeans who came to the New World included Iberians, Celts, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks, Romans, Visigoths, Muslims (Arabs), and Jews. The Iberian Peninsula was ruled by Romans, Muslims, and saw an eight-century Reconquista by Christians to regain control. By 1492, the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella unified the kingdoms of Castile, Leon and Aragon and led to the final defeat of the Emirate of Granada, symbolizing the completion of reconquering Iberia for Christianity.
The Europeans who came to the New World included Iberians, Celts, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks, Romans, Visigoths, Muslims (Arabs), and Jews. The Iberian Peninsula was ruled by Romans, Muslims, and saw an eight-century Reconquista by Christians to regain control. By 1492, the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella unified the kingdoms of Castile, Leon and Aragon and led to the final defeat of the Emirate of Granada, symbolizing the completion of reconquering Iberia for Christianity.
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The Europeans who came to the New World included Iberians, Celts, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks, Romans, Visigoths, Muslims (Arabs), and Jews. The Iberian Peninsula was ruled by Romans, Muslims, and saw an eight-century Reconquista by Christians to regain control. By 1492, the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella unified the kingdoms of Castile, Leon and Aragon and led to the final defeat of the Emirate of Granada, symbolizing the completion of reconquering Iberia for Christianity.
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MUSLIMS FROM NORTH AFRICA INVADED THE IBERIAN PENINSULA IN 711
RECONQUISTA – RECONQUEST PERIOD – LASTED EIGHT CENTURIES
AL-ANDALUS – NAME UNDER MUSLIM RULE
CHRISTIANS AND MUSLIMS FOUGHT FOR THE CONTROL OF IBERIA FROM
ABOUT 718 TO ABOUT 1491 MOST ACTIVE YEARS – 850 TO 1250 OBJECTIVE – TERRITORY, ESPECIALLY GRAZING AND AGRICULTURAL LAND
RELIGIOUS GOALS – MUCH LATER
LOOT LAND TITLES EXPECTED REWARDS FOR SERVICE TO THE CROWN
CHRISTIANS, MUSLIMS, AND JEWS LIVED TOGETHER – PEACEFUL
COEXISTENCE - CONVIVENCIA
ARAB CONTRIBUTIONS TO IBERIA
RECOVERY OF TERRITORY (PENINSULA) WAS GRADUAL
COMBINATION OF PRIVATE INITIATIVE AND CROWN SPONSORS
BY 1300 PORTUGAL WAS UNDER CHRISTIAN RULE
EMIRATE OF GRANADA – SOUTHEASTERN IBERIA REMAINED IN MUSLIMS
HANDS 1469 – MARRIAGE OF FERDINAND OF ARAGON AND ISABEL OF CASTILE
ISABEL’S CLAIM TO CROWN OF CASTILE DISPUTED
SETTLEMENT REACHED IN 1479 MARRIAGE BECAME A SYMBOL OF UNIFICATION OF THE KINGDOM
CASTILE WAS RICHEST TERRITORY, LARGER IN POPULATION; DOMINANT
ECONOMY OF THE REGION MERCHANTS OF NORTHERN CITIES, ESP. BURGOS AND BILBAO, SOPHISTICATED AND EXPERIENCED IN OVERSEAS TRADE
FINAL RECONQUISTA BEGAN IN 1481
DISPUTE OVER SUCCESSION IN GRANADA – USED BY THE CHRISTIANS TO
THEIR ADVANTAGE FIGHTING STRATEGY – TO ENCIRCLE THE MUSLIM TOWNS AND ISOLATE THEM FROM THE REST; CLOSE ALL COMMUNICATIONS AND TRANSPORTATION OF FOOD TOWNS DESTROYED, BURNED AND SACKED, PEOPLES TAKEN CAPTIVES 1491 SIEGE OF GRANADA – LAST STRONGHOLD SPANISH MONARCHS WERE IN SANTA FE – MILITARY CAMP OUTSIDE GRANADA
2 JANUARY 1492 – SPANISH MONARCHS ENTERED GRANADA
SYMBOLIC UNIFICATION OF IBERIA UNDER THE KINGDOMS OF CASTILE, LEON AND ARAGON
COLUMBUS WAS AT SANTA FE AT THE TIME
HIS PROPOSAL TO FIND A SHORT ROUTE TO ASIA (THE INDIES) WAS FIRST ACCEPTED BY THE SPANISH MONARCHS