Type & Care of Overhead Lines Tools OUTLINES OUTLINES: MODULE 1 Concept of Energy Transmission & Distribution 1-1.

Generation Stations 1-2. Concept of Energy Transmission and Distribution 1-3. High-Voltage Transmission Lines Distribution Lines MODULE 2 Transmission Line Structures 2-1. Traditional Line Design Practice 2-2. Structure Types in Use 2-3. Current Deterministic Design Practice 2.3.1 Reliability Level 2.3.2 Security Level 2.4 Improved Design Approaches MODULE 3 Transmission lines Insulators, Accessories and their Preventive Maintenance 3-1. Electrical Stresses on External 3-2. Transmission Lines and Substations 3-3. 3-4. Electrical Stresses

1-4.

Environmental Stresses 3-5. Mechanical Stresses

3-6. 3-7.

Ceramic (Porcelain and Glass) Insulators Non-ceramic (Composite) Insulators Insulator Failure Mechanism

3-8.

3-9. Methods for Improving Insulator Performance MODULE 4 Transmission Line Construction and Maintenance 4-1. Transmission Lines Installation 4-1.1. Tools 4-1.2. Equipment 4-1.3. Procedures 4-1.4. Helicopters 4-2. Insulator Replacement Replacing Spacers

4-3.

MODULE 5

4-4. Insulator Washing Transmission Lines Operation and Maintenance

5-1 Operation 5-2 Maintenance MODULE 6 Transmission Lines Protection 6-1. The Nature of Relaying 6-2. Primary and Backup Protection 6-3. Current Actuated Relays 6-4. Distance Relays 6-5. Lightning Protection 6-6. High Voltage Switching Equipment