Ch ng 7 C b n v BJT

T V ng (1)
Amplifying transistor circuit = m ch transistor khu ch i (K ) Base bias = phn c c [b ng dng] n n [h ng] Base-emitter voltage = i n p n n-pht Base voltage = i n p ( c c) n n Circuit value = gi tr m ch Collector voltage = i n p ( c c) thu Correction factor = h s hi u ch nh Cutoff point = i m c t

T V ng (2)
Emitter bias = phn c c [b ng dng] pht [h ng] Emitter voltage = i n p ( c c) pht Fixed base current = dng n n c nh Fixed emitter current = dng pht c nh Hard saturation = bo ha su Load line (LL) = ng t i; ex: DC LL Photodiode = diode quang

T V ng (3)
Phototransistor = transistor quang Quiescent point = i m t nh Saturation = bo ha Soft saturation = bo ha t Switching circuit = m ch chuy n m ch, m ch xung Two-state circuit = m ch 2 tr ng thi

N i dung ch
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

ng 7

Nh ng thay i trong l i dng ng t i i m lm vi c ( i m ho t ng) Pht hi n bo ha Kha BJT Phn c c pht M ch li LED Hi u ng c a nh ng thay i nh Troubleshooting Ni thm v d ng c quang T Transistor lo i SMT

Gi i thi u
C 2 cch BJT: thi t l p i m lm vi c c a

Phn c c [dng] n n [h ng] Phn c c [dng] pht [h ng]

Phn c c n n th ng c dng trong cc m ch xung/s (BJT lm kha T) Phn c c pht th ng c dng trong cc m ch K (BJT ch K )

7-1 Nh ng bi n

dc

i trong

l i dng

ph thu c: BJT, dng IC, v nhi t

H.7-1 S bi n

ic a

l i dng

7-2

ng t i

H.7-2 Phn c c n n (a) m ch; (b)

ng t i

Cho tr c RB v dc , ta c th tm c i m lm vi c (IC, VCE) nh sau: G n ng (khi BJT ho t ng ch K ): IC= IB = (VBB - VBE)/RB VCE = 15V - ICRC th : dng DC LL v i ph ng trnh: IC = (VCC - VCE)/RC (th d ny c VCC=15V v RC=3K)

i m bo ha v i m c t
H.7-3 Tm 2 u c a DC LL : (a) m ch; (b) tnh dng bo ha c c thu IC(sat); (c) tnh i n p c t VCE(cutoff) i m bo ha: IC(sat) = VCC/RC (VCE=0)

i m c t: VCE(cutoff)=VCC (IC=0)

nh h

ng c a RC

n DC LL (1/2)

nh h

ng c a RC

n DC LL (2/2)

7-3 i m lm vi c Q ( i m t nh)

H.7-6 Tnh i m Q: (a) m ch; (b) i m Q thay

Cc cng th c tnh i m Q:

i do bi n

ng

l i dng

7-4 Pht hi n bo ha
C 2 lo i m ch c b n: K v chuy n m ch (xung/s )
M ch K : i m Q ph i lun lun trong mi n tch c c thu n (K ) M ch xung/s : i m Q bo ha (ON) hay c t (OFF)

Cc cu tr l i khng th c
xc nh BJT hay bo ha, ng sau: mi n tch c c i ta dng cch

1. Gi s r ng BJT mi n tch c c 2. Tnh dng v p 3. N u trong cc tnh ton c k t qu khng th c th gi thi t sai BJT bo ha; cn t t c tnh ton h p l th BJT tch c c.

Th d pht hi n bo ha

Ph ng php dng bo ha: IC(sat)=20V/10K=2 mA IB l t ng =0.1mA IC= 50 IB= 5 mA > IC(sat) (khng th c) BJT bo ha

Ph ng php i n p c c thu IC= 50 IB = 5 mA VCE = 20V - 5mA * 10K = 30V khng th c v BJT tch c c c VCE>0 BJT bo ha.

Bo ha su
mi n bo ha l i dng gi m: ch K dc(sat) = IC(sat)/IB < dc TD: H.7-7 c dc(sat) = 2mA/0.1mA=20 < 50 Bo ha su: khi dc(sat) = 10 Bo ha t: dc(sat) nh h n dc ch K khng nhi u

Pht hi n nhanh bo ha

H.7-8 (a) Bo ha su; (b)

ng t i

Khi VBB = VCC th BJT bo ha su khi: RB/RC = 10 T i sao?

7-6 Phn c c [b ng dng] pht

Ta c: IE = VE/RE = (VBB-VBE)/RE = VBB/RE = const n u VBB >= 20 VBE Suy ra i m t nh Q: ICQ = IEQ=VBB/RE = const VCEQ = VCC - ICQ(RC+RE) = const i m Q n nh khi thay i. Th c t c ng b nh h ng nh ng r t t! H.7-9 Phn c c [dng] pht [h ng]

7-7 M ch li LED

H. 7-12 (a) Phn c c n n; (b) Phn c c pht H.7-12 (a) Phn c c n n: BJT l kha i n t Mu n thay i dng qua LED: thay i RC v/ho c VCC V ILED=(VCC VLED VCESAT)/RC N u RB =10RC th c bo ha su H.7-12 (b) Phn c c pht: BJT K khi kha ng Mu n thay i dng qua LED: thay i RE v/ho c VBB v ILED = IC = IE= VBB/RE = const