5

RECONFIGURATION OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DURING LOAD SHEDDING USING MICROCONTROLLER

VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT
20K
230 V AC

POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER

20K

20K

20K

20K

-12V

PIC MICRO CONTROLLER

-12V

LCD CONNECTOR

6.2K

12V
10K

CT1
CT2
CT3
CT4

100MF

2
3
4
5
6
7

CURRENT MEASUREMENT CKT

RE0
RE1
RE2

20K

20K
-12V

15
16
17
18
23
24
26
25

-12V

RC6

13
14

2
2
2
2
2

31

VCC

CT1
4
-

560H

15K

12V

1458

KEY

10K

13

27PF
GND

14

12MHZ

27PF

RELAY CIRCUIT - SPST

7414

6.2K

1N4148

RLY1
RLY2
RLY3
RLY4
RLY5
RLY6

1458
8

1
S

40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33

RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RD3
RD2
RD0
RD1

GND

10K

GND

1N4148
-

RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0

RCO
RC1
RC2
RC3
RC4
RC5
RC7

30
29
28
27
22
21
19
20

GND

20K

1
1
1
1
1

20K

RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RD3
RD2
RD0
RD1

PIC16F877
RC0
RC1

20K

11

RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4
RA5

8
9
10

120H
GND

12

1N4148

10K

7414

12V
10K

0.1MF

GND

100MF

5
3

12V

RESET CIRCUIT

1
2

10K
B

LOAD

LOAD VOLTAGE

1458

VCC

32
8

12V

GND
5V

4
5

1458

15K

820H

VCC
7

VCC

U1B

1N4148
1

GND

4
2

RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RD3
RD2
RD0
RD1
RC0
RC1

U1A

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

5V
T1

RELAY SPDT 1

10K

BC547
10K

POWERSUPPLY

BC547

20K

-12V

4
+

6
5

5V

1000mfd

10mfd

6.2K

1N4148

1458

GND
10K

5
3

Transformer

12V

7812
1

100MF
230V AC

10K

AC LOAD

5
6

VOUT

1000mfd

GND

GND

12V

1
2

10K
10K

10mfd

RELAY SPDT 6
BC547

GND

10K

10mfd
-12V

GND

BC547

8
2

VIN

LOAD

12V

Rectifier
1

12V

GND

VOUT

1458
8

15K

VIN

560H

1N4148
-

1
S

7805
1

-12V

CT4
3

Rectifier

20K

20K

230V AC

20K

1000mfd
2

IN

OUT

7912
5

LOAD VOLTAGE

Transformer
20K

RECONFIGURATION OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DURING LOAD SHEDDING USING MICROCONTROLLER

RELAY CIRCUIT - SPST
VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT

GND
5V

820H

VCC

RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RD3
RD2
RD0
RD1
RC0
RC1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

5V

20K
D

LOAD VOLTAGE

LCD CONNECTOR

T1

-12V

4
-

1458

15K

12V

1N4148

1458

6.2K

RC0
RC1

10K

11

RE0
RE1
RE2

12V

TXD

10K

100MF

15
16
17
18
23
24
26

1
2

25

RC6

10K

KEY
CURRENT MEASUREMENT CKT

BC547
BC547

INP

7414

BC547
GND

GND

14

12MHZ

27PF
GND
27PF

7414
5
3

GND

12V

0.1MF

1
2

LOAD

5
3

LOAD

12V

1
2

10K

RELAY SPDT
10K

RESET CIRCUIT

10K

230 V AC

RELAY SPDT

BC547
INP

10K

10K
BC547

BC547

230 V AC

20K

10K

BC547

GND
C

10K

13

14

31

1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2

RELAY SPDT

RELAY SPDT

GND
1

LOAD

4
1
2

10K
10K

40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33

RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0
13

10K

LOAD

5
3

12V

10K

RCO
RC1
RC2
RC3
RC4
RC5
RC7

VCC

RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RD3
RD2
RD0
RD1

30
29
28
27
22
21
19
20

RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RD3
RD2
RD0
RD1

PIC16F877

RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4
RA5

8
9
10

U1B

1N4148
1

2
4

2
3
4
5
6
7

U1A

GND

LOAD

20K

-12V

12V

LOAD VOLTAGE

20K

GND

20K

GND

20K

12

POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER

VCC

VCC

32

5
3

120H

LOAD VOLTAGE

PIC MICRO CONTROLLER

LOAD VOLTAGE

230 V AC

10K

GND

BC547
20K
GND
20K

20K

20K
CURRENT TRANSFORMER

-12V

20K

-12V

20K

CT1

20K

20K

-12V
4
8

12V

1N4148

1
S

6.2K

4
2

560H

12V

1N4148
1

6
5

1458

15K
10K

12V

1N4148

100MF

5
3

15K

10K

4
+
8

1458

1458

-12V

CT3

560H

1
S

1N4148
1

1458

6.2K

10K

12V

1
2

LOAD

5
3

LOAD

12V

1
2

10K

RELAY SPDT
10K

12V
10K

10K
0

RELAY SPDT

BC547
BC547

10K

10K

10K

100MF

BC547

LOAD

LOAD VOLTAGE

20K

LOAD VOLTAGE

CURRENT TRANSFORMER

GND

BC547

LOAD
GND

230 V AC

230 V AC

POWERSUPPLY

20K

20K

Transformer
20K

20K

-12V

20K

20K

20K

-12V

-12V

-12V

CT4
CT2

1458

15K

12V
10K

1N4148

1000mfd

6.2K

Transformer

Rectifier

12V

7812
1

100MF

5
6

GND

VIN

VOUT

12V
10mfd

1000mfd

GND

GND

1000mfd
IN

OUT

7912
4

5V

10mfd

VOUT

GND

LOAD

LOAD

10K

1458

10K

100MF

4
5

1458
12V

6.2K

230V AC

1N4148

4
8

12V

560H

10K

15K

1
S

4
8

1458

1N4148
1

1N4148

560H

1
S

3
3

20K

VIN

20K

230V AC

20K

7805
1

CURRENT TRANSFORMER

CURRENT TRANSFORMER

Rectifier

10mfd
-12V