MUSCLES OF MASTICATION

MUSCLE ORIGIN - Anterior two thirds of zygomatic arch and zygomatic process of maxilla - Temporal fossa between inferior temporal line and infratemporal crest & deep surface of temporal fascia - Upper head: lower part of lateral surface of great wing of the sphenoid & infratemporal crest Lower head: lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate - Deep head; medial side of lateral pterygoid plate and fossa between plates Superficial head : Tuberosity of maxilla and pyramidal process of palatine bone INSERTION - Lateral surface of angle and lower ramus of mandible - Medial and anterior aspect of coronoid process of mandible ACTION - Elevates mandible (enables forced closure of mouth) - Elevates mandible and pos fibers retract NERVE - Anterior division of mandibular nerve (V) - Deep temporal branches from anterior division of mandibular nerve (V) - Nerves to lateral pterygoid (anterior division of mandibular nerve (V)

Masseter

Temporalis

Pterygoideus externus

- Pterygoid fovea below condyloid process of mandible and intraarticular cartilage of temporomandibular joint - Medial aspect of ramus & angle of mandible

- Depresses and protracts mandible to open mouth. Pulls forward cartilage of joint during opening of mouth. - Aids in chewing. - Elevates the mandible and assist in closing the jaw. - Assists the lateral pterygoids in moving the jaw side-to-side.

Pterygoideus internus

- Nerve to medial pterygoid (main trunk of mandibular nerve (V)

MUSCLES OF MASTICATION

Temporalis fascia
Covers the Temporalis muscle Covered laterally by the Auricularis anterior and superior, galea aponeurotica, part of Orbicularis oculi Above, it is a single layer, attached to the entire extent of the superior temporal line Below, it is fixed to the zygomatic arch & consists of two layers, one of which is inserted into the lateral, and the other into the medial border of the arch It affords attachment by its deep surface to the superficial fibers of the Temporalis.

Parotidomasseteric fascia
Derived from the deep cervical fascia Above, this fascia is attached to the lower border of the zygomatic arch, and behind, it invests the parotid gland.