MOLAR SPEC

IFIC HEAT AT CONSTANT PRESSURE

"The a mount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one mole of a gas by one Kelvin at constant pressure is called molar specific heat at constant pressure". It is denoted by Cp. MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION

(Qp is the amount of heat is supplied at constant pressure to n moles of a gas to increase the temperature by (T K, then
If (Q p = n Cp(T For latest information , free computer courses and high impact notes visit : www.citycollegiate.com OR Cp = ( Qp /n ( T heat supplied at constant pressure is consumed in two purposes: (1) To raise the temperature of gas. (2) To do work against external pressure. SHOW THAT CP CV = R Consider n moles of an ideal gas contained in a cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston. If the piston is fixed and the gas is heated, its volume remains constant and all the heat supplied goes to increase the internal energy of the molecules due to which the temperature of the gas increases. If in temperature then,

(Qv is the amount

of heat supplied and (T is the rise

(Qv = n Cv( T For latest information , free computer courses and high impact notes visit : www.citycollegiate.com

The pressure of the gas increases during this process, but no work is done because the volume is kept constant. Hence ( W = 0. applying first law of thermodynamics Heat supplied = Increase in internal energy + Work done (Qv = ( U + 0 (Qv = ( U OR nCv( T = ( U If the piston is free to move, the gas may be allowed to expand at a constant pressure. Let the amount of heat supplied is now is (Qp. The addition of heat causes two changes in the system:

Increase in internal energy Work done against external pressure According to the first law of thermodynamics: (Q = (U + (W {But (W = P(V} (QP = (U + P(V Since (Qp = nCp(T and (U = nCv(T , therefore, nCp(T = nCv(T + P(V....................(1) We know that PV = nRT At T1 Kelvin: PV1 = nRT1 .....(a) At T2 Kelvin: PV2 = nRT2.....(b) Subtracting (a) from (b) PV2 - PV1= nRT2 - nRT1 P(V2 - V1)= nR(T2 - T1) {(V2 - V1) = (V and (T2 - T1) = (T } P(V = nR(T Putting the value of P(V in equation (1) nCp(T = nCv(T + nR(T nCp(T = n(T(Cv + R) Cp = (Cv + R) Cp - Cv = R For latest information , free computer courses and high impact notes visit : www.citycollegiate.com

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