Functional group Alcohols (-OH) Ketones (>C=O) Amines (-NH2) Acid chlorides (-COCL) Nitrites (-C=N)

Secondary suffix -ol -one -amine -oyl chloride -nitrite

Functional group Aldehydes (-CHO) Carboxylic acids (-COOH) Acid amides (-CONH2) Esters (-COOR) Thioalcohols (-SH)

Secondary suffix -al -oic acid -amide -oate -thiol

Nomenclature of compounds having polyfunctional groups: Functional group Prefix Functional group - COOH Carboxy -CHO -COOR Alkoxy cabonyl or >CO Carbalkoxy -COCL Chloroformyl -OH -CONH2 Carbamoyl -SH -CN Cyano =-NH2 -OR Akoxy =NH -X Halo =-NO2

Prefix Formyl Oxo or Kelo Hydroxy Mecaplo Amino Imino Nitro

Carboxylic acid: The formula for the carboxyl functional group is RCOOH **Oxidized Aldehyde Alcohol: The hydroxyl functional group is an oxygen-containing group based on an alcohol or OH group. **1 ALCOHOL Thiols: The formula for the thiol or sulfhydryl functional group is RSH. -Have nauseating odor. Contain sulfhydryl group.

Aldehydes (-CHO): The aldehyde functional group has the formula RCHO -Simple sugar **An oxidized 1 ALCOHOL Ether: The general formula for the ether functional group is ROR'.

Esters (-COOR): The formula for the ester functional group is RCOOR'. - Formed by partial dehydration of alcohols

Ketones: Ketone is a carbonyl group bonded to two carbon atoms where neither R1 nor R2 can be hydrogen atoms. - Simple sugar. ***Oxidized 2 ALCOHOL

Carbonyl functional group is based on the ketone group. It has the formula RCOR'. The prefix for this group is keto- or oxo- or its suffix is -one