PROJECT TITLE

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF INTERMEDIATE AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER SWITCH. Presented by: Sekaggo Innocent 09/U/2495/HDE/PE. Ssemanda Steven 09/U/2497/HDE/PE. Mabanda Asuman 09/U/2502/HDE/PE. Twinamatsiko Morris 09/U/2501/HDE/PE. Katongole Ismael 09/U/2496/HDE/PE. Bwire Peter 09/U/2520/HDE/PE. Kiggundu .J. Baptist 09/U/2503/HDE/PE. Kigongo .L. Ronald 09/U/2509/HDE/PE. Supervised by: MR.TUMWINE ELDAD. PROF. YU.

PROBLEM STATEMENT
Automatic change over switches available on market today switch on the generator immediately a power failure is detected and switch off the generator when power is restored. Because of the high fuel prices, emission of toxic gasses and high maintenance costs of the generator, There is urgent need to run the generator only in stipulated hours in which, incase of power failure the generator is switched on.

ABSTRACT
The intermediate automatic change over switch senses the mains supply as well as monitoring the generator requirement period. This switch is a modification of the already existing change over switches on market today. Incase of mains power failure, the switch will only switch on the generator when it is needed. The continued increase in fuel prices, emission of toxic gasses, high depreciation rate of generator and high maintenance costs have demanded for the controlled running of the generator.

OBJECTIVES
Main objectives. To design and construct an intermediate automatic change over switch. Specific objectives. To design an intermediate automatic change over switch. To construct an intermediate automatic change over switch. To test the operation of the constructed intermediate automatic change over switch.

SCOPE
The system is limited to the organization operating seven days a week. Maximum operating load current is 30A. Maximum operating line voltage is 415V. The system is suitable in areas such as schools and residentials.

JUSTIFICATION
The use of intermediate automatic change over switch can widely be seen in areas where in some hours, the activities are not interrupted by the absence of power. There is considerable saving in fuel consumption. Reduction in maintenance costs as the generator runs for fewer hours. Minimal pollution of the environment. Less depreciation of the generator.

METHODOLOGY
This involved the following: Gathering of information. Information was got from electrical and electronics text books from the library, from the internet and also through observations. Design procedure. In this stage, the targeted loads were determined and components of suitable ratings have been used. Construction procedure. The components were assembled and termination done with reference to the circuit diagram. Testing procedure. The intermediate automatic changeover switch was plugged into a power source and tested at different conditions: When the mains supply is on at a time the generator is not needed. When the mains supply is off at a time the generator is not needed. When the mains supply is on at a time the generator is needed. When the mains supply is off at a time the generator is needed.

DESIGN CONTINUED
A single phase of a nominal voltage of 240volts 1. CONTACTOR SIZE SELECTION. A school has 29 lamps of 100watts each. Total power = 29*100 =2900watts. From P = IV. I=P/V I =2900/240 I = 12.08 A A school also has 3 computers each having a back up ups of 1000VA. From P =IV I = P/V I = 1000/240 I = 4.2A There fore for 3 computers, I = 4.2*3 I = 12.6A. Total load current for the school, = 12.08 + 12.6 = 24.68 A There fore a contactor of 25A can be used.

DESIGN CONTINUED
GENERATOR SELECTION. From, the total load current obtained above i.e. 24.68A, Nominal voltage 240V. Therefore, P(VA) = 24.68*240 = 5923.2 VA = 5.923KVA. There fore a generator rated at 7.5KVA is suitable, because the total load should be about of the generator rating according to IEE regulations. DOUBLE POLE CIRCUIT BREAKERS The supply authority provided 63A for the single phase installation. CONTROLS. A single pole circuit breaker of 6A is used. There fore: 2 Pieces of Relay 3A,240V. Are selected. 2 Delay timers of 3A,240V are used. Control cables of 1.5 mm are used. Supply cables of 10mm are used. Load cable size of 2.5mm are used. LOAD CIRCUIT BREAKERS. The total load current is 24.68A, According to IEE tables, the load circuit breaker rating of 30A is used.

DESIGN

Components used: Double pole circuit breaker, DP 1,DP 2,DP 3. Contactors C1, C2. Interval timer Delay timer T1, T2. Electromagnetic relays R1, R2. Generator G1. Indicator lamps. Selector switch. Emergency stop button. Tower clips. Wires. Load. Mains supply.

TEST RESULTS
Mains supply is on at time the generator is not needed. The clock interval timer was set so that no output is given, and then mains supply switched on. The intermediate automatic change over switch detected the mains supply and remained on the mains supply line. Mains supply is off at a time the generator is not needed. The clock interval timer was set so that no output is given and the mains supply switched off. The intermediate automatic change over switch detected no power at all and remained off. Mains supply is on at a time the generator is needed. The clock interval timer was set so that an output is given and mains supply switched on. Before switching on, the generator ran. After switching on, the intermediate automatic change over switch detected the mains supply and switched off the generator. Mains supply is off at a time the generator is needed. The clock interval timer was set so that an output is given and mains supply switched off. Before switching off, the intermediate automatic change over switch detected the mains supply ,after switching off the mains supply, the generator started immediately and switch changed to generator line.

ACHIEVEMENTS
After the design and construction ,the intermediate automatic change over switch responded well with mains power ON or OFF, at different time intervals.

RECOMMENDATIONS
Make the public aware of the technology. It is economical.

CONCLUSIONS
The switch is cheap. It is environmentally friendly.