127101

Introduction to Political Science

.

wannapa@chiangmai.ac.th

 127101
Introduction to Political Science

Nature and Scope of Political Science


Political Science => Science of the Polis
Science =
Polis =

 ()

=>

=>

 ()

 ()

 ()


=>
=>

=>

 ()

=>

 ()

=>

 ()

(Post-Modern) =>

(Professional)

 127101
Introduction to Political Science
:
,
,

(What the State Ought to Be?) (

)

( 20 )

(Socretes)

:
The Republic Virtue is
knowledge, Philosopher King
The Statesman, The Laws

(Aristotle) :

-
6
Polity

Monarchy

Aristocracy

Polity

Tyranny

Oligarchy

Democracy

(Epicureans)

(Cynics)

(Stoics)

(Cicero) De Republica (), De Legisbus

(), De Officis ()

()
Monarchy, Aristocracy
& Democracy

(Feudalism)
(St. Augustine) City of God

()

(St. Thomas Aquinas) Summa

Theologica Rule of the Prince


(Monarchy)

(Constantinople)

(Machiavelli)
The Prince (1512)
De Medici

The Prince

(Martin
Luther) Reformation

(John Bodin) A
Method for the Easy Understanding of
History Six Books Concerning
the States

 127101
Introduction to Political Science
:
,

vs 1642-1689
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)
Leviathan
Life is nasty, brutish and short

John Locke (1632-1704)

Two Treaties of
Government


(Enlightenment)

=>



Montesquieu (1689-1755)
The Spirit of Laws


(Enlightenment)

Jean-Jacque Rousseau (1712-1778)

Social Contract: Man is born free,
and everywhere he is in chains. One
man thinks himself the master of
others, but remains more slave than
they are.

()


(General Will)

(General Will) =

()
(
)


.. 1789

=>

Karl Marx (1818-1883)


Hegel
Marx

The Communist Manifesto


: , ,

Harold Lasswell

Max Weber

Woodrow Wilson

()

(Population)
(Territory)
(Government)
(Sovereignty)

:
1.

(Population)

(Ethnic Groups)

(Non-citizens)

(Aliens)

:
2.

(Territory)

(Location)

(Climate)

(Natural Resources)
3. (Government)
4. (Sovereignty)

(External Sovereignty)

(Internal Sovereignty)

 (Sovereignty)

(Absoluteness)
(Comprehensive)
(Permanence)
(Indivisibility)

 (Sovereignty)

(Separation of Power)

 (Sovereignty)

(Legal Sovereignty)
(Political Sovereignty)
(De Facto Sovereignty)

(De Jure Sovereignty)
(External Sovereignty)

 (Sovereignty)

(Election)
(Referendum)
(Initiative)
(Recall)
(Plebiscite)

VS

VS

(State)

(Nation)

(Country)

:
(Divine Theory)
(Social Contract Theory)
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Jean Jacques Rousseau

 (Social Contract)
Hobbes
-Nasty Brutish & Short
-War=> force & Fraud
-Men escape Nat. state =>
community, subjected to a
central authority
- Majority choose
sovereign. Everyone obey.
Citizen loose all rights
except given back.

Locke
State of nature/law of
nature = divine command
-Men living together b/c
reason w/o superior
authority
-

Sov. belongs to people.

peo give to legislature.
- Leg. serve people, not
superior
-

Rousseau
Men are social animal,
good nature
-But men are not equal
(unlike Locke), need
government to mend the
-

Sov = General Will

-Gov = peoples reps
-Focus: Liberty and
Equality
-


(Force Theory)
(Natural Theory)
(Evolution Theory)

(Evolution Theory)

(Family)
(Tribe)
(City-state)

(Empire)

(Feudal System)
(Nation-state)
(World-state)

 127101
Introduction to Political Science


1.
(Territorial)

(Unitary State)
(Compound State)
(Federal State)
(Confederation State)


(Centralization)
(Decentralization)

 (Unitary State)

 (Federal State)

 (Confederation State)

Confederated Union of Serbia and Montenegro (2003-2006)


2.

(Democratic)
(Authoritarian)


()

()

 (Democracy)

(Popular Participation)
(Majority Rule)
(Political Equality)

()

Free Rider
Corruption

vs

 (Dictatorship)

()

 (Dictatorship)

(Authoritarianism)

 (Authoritarianism)

Franco

 (Dictatorship)

(Totalitarianism)

 (Dictatorship)

 Nazi 2

Authoritarianism vs Totalitarianism

Marxism vs Nazism


3.

(Dictatorship)
(Parliamentary System)
(Presidential System)
(Semi
Parliamentary-Semi Presidential or Mix System)


(Parliamentary System)

(Presidential System)

(Semi-Parliamentary
Semi-Presidential System)

 (Parliamentary System)

 (Parliamentary System)

(House of Commons)


()

 (Parliamentary System)

(House of Lords)

Tony Blair

(2007)

 (Parliamentary System)

 (Parliamentary System)

()
(First among Equals)
.

(
)

 (Parliamentary System)

 (Parliamentary System)

()

 (Parliamentary System)

()

 127101
Introduction to Political Science

(Presidential System)

(Semi-Parliamentary Semi-Presidential System)


(Parliamentary System)

(Presidential System)

(Semi-Parliamentary
Semi-Presidential System)

()

 (Presidential System)

(: Congress)
() (House of Representatives)

() (Senate) 2
:

 (Presidential System)

:
4 2
(Secretary)

(
)
(Veto)

 (Presidential System)
(
)

 (Presidential System)

: (Supreme Court)

9 ()

2 3

 (Presidential System)

 (Presidential System)


(Semi-Parliamentary Semi-Presidential System)

2
. .

(.
)


(Semi-Parliamentary Semi-Presidential System)
. (.20)
(.49)
(.50)


(Semi-Parliamentary Semi-Presidential System)

5



()


(Semi-Parliamentary Semi-Presidential System)


(Semi-Parliamentary Semi-Presidential System)


(Semi-Parliamentary Semi-Presidential System)

 127101
Introduction to Political Science
:

 (Political Ideology)

: .

 (Political Ideology)

 (Political Ideology)

(Liberalism),
(Conservatism), (Fascism)
(Capitalism),
(Socialism), (Communism)

 (Liberalism)

 (Liberalism)

 (Liberalism)

 (Liberalism)

 (Liberalism)

 (Liberalism)
esp.

 (Liberalism)

 (Conservatism)

Edmund Burke
1729-1797

 (Conservatism)

 (Fascism)
Italy 1922-1943

 (Fascism)

 (Fascism)

Fascism

 (Fascism)

Fascism
Nazism

Nazism (race)

Fascism

 127101
Introduction to Political Science
:

 (Capitalism)

 (Capitalism):

 (Capitalism):

 (Capitalism):

 (Socialism)

=>

 (Communism)

 (Communism)

communist
,

 (Marxism)

Karl Marx

=>

=>

 (Marxism)

 (Leninsim)

Vladimir Lenin & the Communist Party

 (Stalinism)

 (Maoism)

Marx =>

( )
(
)

 127101
Introduction to Political Science
: ,
, ,

 (Political Institution)
:


:

 (Political Institution)

 (Constitution)

(Supreme Law)
(Fundamental Law)

 (Constitution)

 (Constitution)

Amendment II: A well regulated Militia, being

necessary to the security of a free State, the right of
the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be
infringed.

 (Political Party)

 (Political Party)

 (Political Party)

PAP (Peoples Action Party)

 (Political Party)

:
2
30 2550

 (Interest Groups
and Pressure Groups)

 (Mass Media)

 (Mass Media)

 (Interest Groups
and Pressure Groups)

 (Mass Media)

 (Mass Media)

 (Bureaucracy)

(Legal Authority)



(Merit System)

 (Law)