Chapter 2: Forces and Motion Formula 2.

1 Analysing Linear motion Distance = Displacement = Speed = Velocity = Acceleration = Deceleration = Ticker timer 1. ) For 1 tick = 0.02 s 2.) Velocity = length / time travel 3.) Acceleration = v u / time interval 4.) Time travel = (n 1) x time travel The equation of motion [n = number of strip ] Theory

2.2 Analysing motion graph 1.) Displacement-time graph

2.) Velocity-time graph

2.3 Understanding inertia

Effect of inertia

2.4 Analysing momentum

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Conservation of momentum

Application of conservation of momentum

Problem involving linear momentum

2.5 Understanding the effect of a force Balanced forces on an object

Unbalanced forces on an object

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Relation between force, mass and acceleration

2.6 Analysing impulse and impulsive force Impulse

Impulsive force

Effect of time on impulsive force

Situations involving impulsive forces

2.7 Being aware of the need for safety features in vehicles Modification Headrest Seats belt Air bags Side bars in doors Anti lock brake system Traction control Crumple zone Impact absorbing interior material 2.8 Understanding gravity Acceleration due to gravity Reason

Gravitational field

Value of acceleration due to gravity

Weight

2.9 Analysing forces in equilibrium Equilibrium

Addition of forces 1. Two forces that act along the same direction

2. Two forces that act along opposite directions

Two forces acting at a point at an angle to each other

Resolution of forces

Analysing forces in equilibrium

2.10 Understanding work, energy, power and efficiency Work done

Energy transfer when work is done

Work done and the change in kinetic energy

Work done and gravitational potential energy

Principle of conservation of energy

Power

Efficiency

2.11 Appreciating the importance of maximising the efficiency of devices Maximising the efficiency Reason

2.12 Understanding elasticity

Relationship between force and extension of a spring Hookes law

Elastic potential energy

Force-extension graph

Factors that affect elasticity Factor Length Change in factor Shorter spring
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Effect on elasticity Less elastic

Diameter of spring Diameter of spring wire Type of material

Longer spring Smaller diameter Larger diameter Smaller diameter Larger diameter Elasticity changes with the type of material

More elastic Less elastic More elastic More elastic Less elastic

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