DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF SDOF SYSTEMS

Kiran Raju Alluri

105197 20-06-2011
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Introduction
Analysis
Systems subjected to loadings

(1/2)

Types of analysis
Statics
Loads at very slow rate No vibrations

Dynamics
Sudden application of loads Vibrations Neglected in most of cases effect is less
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Introduction
Degrees of freedom

(2/2)

Number of independent displacement coordinates to specify the orientation of a system.

x2 x

x1

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Mathematical Modeling
x

m
K m K F(t) X c

x K c ------------------------------F (t)

F (t)

Mass of system Stiffness of system Forcing function Displacement Damping in system

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Equations of Motion
x
F (t) F (t) K*X C*X F (t) M*X

X X X

Displacement Velocity + C * X M*X Acceleration

+ K * X = F(t)

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Free Vibrations
M*X +C*X +K*X=0 C/M = 2* * n K/M = n2 2 Natural frequency n Damping ratio X + (2* * n) X + ( n2) X = 0 >1 Over damped case =1 Critically damped case <1 Under damped case
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(1/3)
x

Free Vibrations

(2/3)

T
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Free Vibrations

(3/3)

A swing door with a dashpot closing mechanism is a good analogy

Door oscillates about closed position Under Damped

Door slowly creeps to the closed position Over Damped Door closes in minimum possible time, with no over swing Critically Damped

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Rotating Machines
Force = Me e
2

M= Mass

M * X + C * X + K * X = Me Maximum Amplitude = Natural Frequency

2 Sin(

t)

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Design Checks
Avoid Resonance
Natural frequency 20% above or below frequency of vibrating machine.

Amplitude Check
Amplitude should be restricted to value given by Manufacturer

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