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g f Jiw
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2011-2012

tF IX-maths

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ghjh (<uh)
afj Kj
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afj
a vf
rkghLf

afj
rkghL
vf myJ nfhitfis
bfhl xU T uL
gffS rkkhf U mJ
xU rkghL
12 3 = 9
8 + 4 = 12

tiuaiw

uL gffS rkkhd
Ffis bfhoUF
fj TW
16 5 = 11
14 + 3 = 17

tiuaiw

rkF (=) uL gffS rkkhd kfis bfhlJ

+2=6
5 2 = 3

j rkghLf rah (m) jtwh (m)

btgilahdjh
11

-3=5
13 + 4 = 17
N + 4 = 7
12 3 = 8
3 + v = 13
15 6 = 9

jtW
r
btgil
jtW
btgil
r

tiuaiw
nekhW braghLf
4 + 3 = 7
74=3
6 x 6 = 36
36 / 6 = 6

Tl rkghLfSfhd
id vthW fhgJ
TlYfhf

fj
nekhW braghLfis
gagLJf
m + 8 = 12
12 - 8 = 4
m = 4
4 + 8 = 12

fj rkghLfSfhd
id vthW fhgJ

fjYfhf Tl
nekhW braghLfis
gagLJj
m - 3 = 5
5+3=
8
m = 8
8-3=5

nekhW braghLfis gagL

j rkghLfSF fhf

n
n
n
n
n
n

+4=7
5=4
+ 4 = 17
6 = 13
+ 7 = 15
8 = 17

3
9
13
19
8
9

gkhW gf
5 + 4 = 94 + 5 = 9
a + b = cb + a = c
6 + 3 = 93 + 6 = 9
x+ y = z y + x = z
3 + 4 + 1 = 8
1+3+4=8

gkhW gfis gagL j

rkghLfis f
n+7=7+4
m + 2 = 2 + 5
z + 3 = 3 + 9
g + 6 = 6 + 11
s + 4 = 4 + 20
c + 8 = 8 + 32

n=4
m=5
z=9
g = 11
s = 20
c = 32

TlYfhd KbwhUik gf
7+0=7
a + 0 = a
8 + 0 = 8
c + 0 = c
2 + 0 = 2

TlYfhd KbwhUik gfis

gagL fzFfSF fhz
n+0=8
b + 0 = 7
m + 0 = 3
v + 0 = 5
w + 0 = 4
r + 0 = 2

n=8
b=7
m=3
v=5
w=4
r=2

{afhd fj f

7
n
4
n

7
n
0
0

=
=
=
=

0
0
4
n

fj fis gagL N k
fhf
n
n
n
n
n
n

-8=0
9=0
0=7
0=9
7=0
0=5

n=8
n=9
n=7
n=9
n=7
n=5

gYW nfhitf
Kija thij bghU vd?

XUW

xW

<UW

uL

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xW kW gy
gYW nfhit vgJ XUW (m)
XUW nfhitf Tl /
ahrij FF
Ka F!!
gF khfis bfhl nfhit
gYW nfhitahf UfhJ.

xbthU nfhitfS gYW nfhitfsh vd

FLf mtiw milahs Lf

1) 7y - 3x + 4
2) 10x3yz2
3) 5 +7y
2y
2
5
2y

_W nfhit
XUW nfhit

+ 7y

nfhit

gYW

XUW nfhitf go vgJ khf

mLFfis Todh ilF .
XUW nfhitf gofis fhf
1)
2)
3)

5x2
4a4b3c
7x3Y5z

gYW nfhitf goia fLof bga

gofis bfhl cWfis fLo.

1) 8x2 - 2x + 7
gof: 2
1
0
vJ bgaJ? go-2!
2) y7 + 6y4 + 3x4m4
gof: 7
4
go 8!

goia fhf X5 X3Y2 + 4

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

0
2
3
4
5

wF tir mikf:

8x - 3x2 + x4 - 4
x4 - 3x2 + 8x - 4
2) x cWfis wF tir
mikf:
12x2y3 - 6x3y2 + 3y - 2x
-6x3y2 + 12x2y3 - 2x + 3y
1)

3) Y cWfis VWtir
mikf:
12X2Y3 - 6X3Y2 + 3Y - 2X

-2x + 3y - 6x3y2 + 12x2y3

4)

VWtir mikf:
5a3 - 3 + 2a - a2
-3 + 2a - a2 + 5a3

Y cWfis VWtir mikf:

X4 X3Y2 + 4XY 2X2Y3
1.
2.
3.
4.

x4 + 4xy x3y2 2x2y3

2x2y3 x3y2 + 4xy + x4
x4 x3y2 2x2y3 + 4xy
4xy 2x2y3 x3y2 + x4

gYW nfhitf Tl kW fj
1. gYW nfhitfis TLf:
(9Y - 7X + 15A) + (-3Y + 8X - 8A)

xj cWfis nrf.
9y - 3y - 7x + 8x + 15a - 8a
6y + x + 7a

2. gYW nfhitfis TLf:

(3A2 + 3AB - B2) + (4AB + 6B2)

xj cWfis izJ
vGJf.
2
2
2
3a + 3ab + 4ab - b + 6b
3a2 + 7ab + 5b2

gYW nfhitfis TLf.

+YY
Y
Y
1.
2.
3.
4.

X
X
1 1 1

X2

x2 + 3x + 7y + xy + 8
x2 + 4y + 2x + 3
3x + 7y + 8
x2 + 11xy + 8

Y
Y
Y

1
1

X
1
1 1

XY

3. u totij gagL gYW

nfhitfis TLf:
(4X2 - 2XY + 3Y2) + (-3X2 - XY + 2Y2)

xj cWfis xnu tir

vGJf.
4x2 - 2xy + 3y2
+ -3x2 - xy + 2y2
_________________________

x2 - 3xy + 5y2

4. gYW nfhitfis ff:

(9Y - 7X + 15A) - (-3Y + 8X - 8A)
fjiy

kh Tlyhf

vGJf.
(9y - 7x + 15a) + (+ 3y - 8x +
8a)
xj cWfis nrf.
9y + 3y - 7x - 8x + 15a + 8a
12y - 15x + 23a

5. gYW nfhitfis ff:

(7A - 10B) - (3A + 4B)

fjiy kh Tlyhf
vGJf.
(7a - 10b) + (- 3a - 4b)
xj cWfis nrf.
7a - 3a - 10b - 4b
4a - 14b

6. u totij gagL ff :
(4X2 - 2XY + 3Y2) - (-3X2 - XY + 2Y2)

xj cWfis tir gL
fjiy Tlyhf kh TLf.
4x2 - 2xy + 3y2
+ (+ 3x2 + xy - 2y2)
--------------------------------------

7x2 - xy + y2

Tl (m) fjiy fLof.

(5A 3B) + (2A + 6B)
1.
2.
3.
4.

3a
3a
7a
7a

9b
+ 3b
+ 3b
3b

Tl (m) fjiy fhf.

(5A 3B) (2A + 6B)
1.
2.
3.
4.

3a
3a
7a
7a

9b
+ 3b
+ 3b
9b

XUW nfhitf bgUf

bgUf.
A. (6y3)(3y5)
(6y3)(3y5)
(6 3)(y3 y5)
18y8
B. (3mn2) (9m2n)
(3mn2)(9m2n)
(3 9)(m m2)(n2 n)
27m3n3

xnu khfis xW nrJ

mLFfis TLf.
vfis bgUFf.
xnu khfis xW nrJ
mLFfis TLf.
vfis bgUFf.

XUW nfhitf bgUf

bgUf.

1 2 2
2
s
t
st

12
st
(
)
)

(
4

1 2 2
2
s
t
t

12
t
s
(
)
s

1
2

12
s s s
4

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)(t t t )
2

xnu khfis xW
nrJ mLFfis
TLf.
vfisbgUFf.

vLJfhL 1
bgUFf.
a. (3x3)(6x2)
(3x3)(6x2)
(3 6)(x3 x2)
18x5

xnu khfis xW nrJ

mLFfis TLf.
vfis bgUFf.

b. (2r2t)(5t3)
(2r2t)(5t3)
(2 5)(r2)(t3 t)
10r2t4

xnu khfis xW nrJ

mLFfis TLf.
vfis bgUFf.

gYW nfhitf bgUf

bgUFf.
4(3x2 + 4x 8)
4(3x2 + 4x 8)

4 I gL brf.

(4)3x2 +(4)4x (4)8

bgUFf.

12x2 + 16x 32

<UW nfhitia <UW nfhitah bgUFtjF

gL ia xUKiwF nk gagLjyh:

(x + 3)(x + 2) = x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2)

= x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2)

x kW 3 I gL
brf.
x kW 3 gL
brf.

= x(x) + x(2) + 3(x) + 3(2)

bgUFf.

= x2 + 2x + 3x + 6

xj cWfis
nrJ vGJf.

= x2 + 5x + 6

<UW nfhitia bgUF kbwhU KiwF

gh(Foil) vW bga.
F
1. Kj cWfis (First) bgUFf. (x + 3)(x + 2)
x x = x2
O
bt cWfis (Outer) bgUFf. (x + 3)(x + 2) x 2 = 2x
I
3. cSWfis (inner) bgUFf. (x + 3)(x + 2) 3 x = 3x
L
4. fil cWfis (last) bgUFf. (x + 3)(x + 2)
3 2=6
(x + 3)(x + 2) = x2 + 2x + 3x + 6 = x2 + 5x + 6
F

<UW nfhitfis bgUf

bgUf.
(s + 4)(s 2)
(s + 4)(s 2)
s(s 2) + 4(s 2)
s(s) + s(2) + 4(s) + 4(2)
s2 2s + 4s 8
s2 + 2s 8

s kW 4 I gL
brf.
s kW 4 I L
gL brf.
bgUFf.
xj cWfis
nrf .

<UW nfhitfis bgUFf

bgUFf.

uL <UW nfhitf
(x 4)2
bgUfyhf vGJf
.
(x 4)(x 4)
gh Kiwia
gagLJf.
(x x) + (x (4)) + (4 x) + (4 (4))
x2 4x 4x + 8

bgUFf.

x2 8x + 8

xj cWfis nrf.

gYW nfhit bgUf

bgUf.
(3x + 1)(x3 4x2 7) iu kW u
csXUW
7
x3
4x2
nfhitfis bgUFf.
3x
3x4
12x3
21x
brtfYs
3
2
7
+1
x
4x
midJ
cWfis TLf.
3x4 + 12x3 + x3 + 4x2 21x 7
3x4 + 13x3 + 4x2 21x 7

xj cWfis nrf.

gYW nfhitf tFj

gYW nfhitf tFj vgJ KG
vf tFjiy xjJ.
uL gYW nfhitfis tFF nghJ fhQ
Kiw ilfis rghJ bfhf:
tFgL v = (< tFF v) +
ij khw ilgJ :
tFgL v tFF v = < + / tFF v

vLJfhL tFf x2 + 3x 2 by x 1ilia rghf .

x + 2

x1x x + 3xx 2
2

2x 2
2x + 2
4
remainder

il + 2 +

1. xx 2 = x =x
x
2. x x1 =x 2 x
3. x 2 3x x 2 x =2x
4. x2x= 2x =2
x
5. 2 x1=2x2
6. 2x2 2x2=4

x1

(x + 2) (x + 1) + ( 4) = x2 + 3x 2 correct
rghj:
<

tFF
v

tFgL v

vLJfhL : tFf4x + 2x3 1 by 2x 2 kW ilia r

x2 + x + 3

2x2 2 x2x0 2xx 4 x 1

3

2x2 + 4x
2x2 2x
6x 1
6x 6
5
Answer: x2 + x + 3

2x2

Check: (x2 + x + 3)(2x 2) + 5

= 4x + 2x3 1

tFF nfhit cs
cWfis wF tir vGJf.
tFF nfhit --- cW
iy vgjh 0x2 nrf.
3

1. 2x = x 2
2. x 2 2x2 =2x 3 2x 2
2x
2
2x
3. 2x 3 2x 3 2x 2 =2x 2
4.
=x
2x
5. x 2x2 =2x 2 2x
6. 2x 2 4x 2x 22x =6x
8. 3 2x2 =6x6
7. 6x =3
2x
9. 6x1 6x 6 =5=remainder

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tl J mikj
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tlij rahf U
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O

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A
C

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B

tlij rahf xnu

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AC

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nfhz tl
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DE
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B

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2. BC EF
3. AC DF
4. A D
5. B E
6. C F

ABC
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E
F
D

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B

E
F

A
C

1. AB DE
2. BC EF
3. AC DF

ABC DEF

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B

E
F

A
C

1. AB DE
2. A D

ABC DEF

3. AC DF
csla
nfhz

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uL gffSF ilgl
nfhz

csla nfhz

csla nfhz
bgafis vGJf:
E

YE and ES

ES and YS

YS and YE

nfhz-gf-nfhz
(nfhgnfh)
B

E
F

A
C

1. A D
2. AB DE

ABC DEF

3. B E
csla
nfhz

csla gf
U nfhzfSF ilgl
gf

GI

HI

GH

csla gf
E

csla gf
bgafis vGJf:
Y and E

E and S
S and Y

YE
ES
SY

nfhz-nfhz-gf
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B

E
F

A
C

1. A D
2. B E

ABC DEF

3. BC EF
csla
gf my

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iy
ggnfh vd xU
bghUj
iy!

F
A

rt rk iy

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iy
nfhnfhnfh
vd xU
bghUj
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E

rt rk iy

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ggg xik

nfhgnfh
gnfhg

xik

nfhnfhg
ggnfh

xik

xik

xik

nfhnfhnfh

xik

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(rha Ujh)

gnfhg

ggnfh

nfhgnfh

ggg

bghUjF bgaLf

(rha Ujh)

nfhnfhnfh
nfhgnfh

gnfh
g

ggnfh

bghUj bgaf

(when possible)

Reflexive
Property

Vertical
Angles

SAS

Vertical
Angles

SAS

SAS

Reflexive
Property

SSA

fhOa mR u Kiw

Terminologies:
fhOa js
jsYs
xbthU
, bkbafsh Md
xU
tir
nrhoah
FlgL
nund
blfhl caj braiy
kF bghUL jskhdJ
fhOa js vdgLwJ.

mR u
js Ffgl
n#ho cs vf.

tir

tir n#ho
(x, y), vd vGjgL xU n#ho
v mR js xU ia
FwJ.

X-mR
mR jsYs ilnfhL.

Y-mR
mR jsYs FJnfhL

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X kWY mrh mikfgL
ehF gFf
M
X mR Y mR btL

fhgF 2

fhgF 1
3

(-,+)

(+,+)

2
1

-x

x
-3

-2

-1

-1
-2

(-,-)

-3

fhgF 3
-y

(+,-)
fhgF 4

ia Ff:

y
3

1. ( 1, 2)

2
1

-x

x
-3

-2

-1
-1
-2
-3

-y

ia Ff :

2. ( 2, -3)

2
1

-x

x
-3

-2

-1
-1
-2
-3

-y

ia Ff :

2. ( -2, 3)

2
1

-x

x
-3

-2

-1
-1
-2
-3

-y

ia Ff :

2. (-2,-3)

2
1

-x

x
-3

-2

-1
-1
-2
-3

-y

xU nfho
rh
rh vgJ xU nfho
rid FF

xU nfhL lUJ tykhf nkny

brwh rh ifahF
khwhf xU nfhL lUJ
tykhf nH brwh rh
FiwahF

rh tiuaiw
rh vgJ iluF
brFJ uF ilgl
j

rise y y 2 y 1
slope=m=
= =
run x x 2 x1

m=

y 2 y 1
x 2 x1

nfho rhit fLoF

Nu
j Nuij gagLj
nfho J mikUF U
f njit

nfho tot Ax + By = C, vd
Ujh j Nuij
gagL rhit fhzyh:

A
m=
B

vLJfhL

1,4 , 5,6
64
m=
51
2 1
m= =
6 3

2x 3y=5
2
m=
3

ilnfho rh {a
FJ nfhoF rh iy

FJ nfhL

m=0
m=
rh
i
y

ilnfhL

nenfhL rkgho
tiuglf
nenfhL rkgho tiugl xU nenfhL
MF
xU nenfhL Ufis izJ
bgwgLwJ
nenfhL rkgho tiuglF FiwjJ
Uf njit

nenfhL rkgho tiugl

F
1.

FiwjJ U f (tir n#hof) mit

nenfhL rkghoF thf
mikUj

o tiujhis vLJ bfhf

X,Y btLJLfis gagLj

FiwjJ _W fis fLof

1.

tir n#hofis Ff

2.

Fj f tahf xU ne nfhL tiua

x btL JL
x- btL JL tiugl x-mir flF

x- btL Jo

Mau 0 vd uL x fhf

, 0)

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y-btLJL- tiugl y-mir flF

y -btLJo
x Mau 0 vd uL y fhf

(0,

btL JLfis fhf

vfh. 4x 3y = 6

rkgho tiugl
vfh. 3x + 5y = 15

vfh. 3x y = 6

vfh. x = 3

vfh. y = 1

FJ nfho rkghL
(c, d) tahf brY FJ nfho rkghL

x = c
vfh.

x = -3

ilnfho rkghL

(c, d) tahf brY ilnfho

rkghL

y=d

vfh. y = 1

nenfho tiuglf
nenfho rkghoid vthW tiutJ kW
tiugl rkghoid vthW fhgJ .

kf mltiz
kf mltiz fis bfhoUF.
j f mRjs FfgL.
j f tahf tiuagL nenfhL
rkgho tiuglkhF.

vLJfhL
tiugl y = 2x 5

x
y

2
-3

-1

4
1

5
3

bfhLfgl fis mR js Ff.

-3

-1

jf tahf xU nfhL tiua

gf
fhQ nenfhLf tiugl tiuf:
1.

y = 3x 4

2.

y = 2x + 1

3.

y=x5

4.

y = -3x +2

5.

x
y= 3
2

tiuglF
afj
nfhitfSF
ilna cs
bjhlid
ft !!!

rh -nenfho btL tot

nenfhL fhQ tot mikUjh
y = mx + b
m vgJ rh b vgJ y-btLJL.

rkghL vd?
tU tiuglF rkghoid fhf.