Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 22

*, **

- :

1.
. 20 ,


. 90

, - .

:

(Cyberopticon)1
/
(Cyberwork).

,
*
*

.
*
, , ,
.
, .

2
.
.

.
, , (simulation) . .

2.
2.1. :

70
/ . 2

. - (, , ,
) , 3. , ,
. Jessop 2

/,
Giddens (structuration). Giddens ,
. , ,
, ,
. (Giddens, 1995: 2) . Jessop Giddens
. .
. Jessop - (co-adaptation) .
5.

3
(steering) .
,
,
.4 , , . (B. Jessop 2000: 13, 22-23).

, .

. .5


, ,
, . (Held D.& Mc
Grew 2000, 54-56).6
4

.
.
7 1 .
. B. Jessop (steering) .
,
homo oeconomicus,
, ... .
,
/ . ( 1998:37-38)
, .
J.Baudrillard ... ,
, , ,
.... .... ,
. , ,
. (1990: 137-140, 1994: 75-78 ).
Giddens
: ) , ) -, )
) .
(routinization) . (Giddens D. Held & Mc Crew, 2000: 94-96
Giddens 1995: 36, 60-61 Giddens 2001: 90-100)
.
. -

4

, :
1. (time-space distanciation)
.
, , , . Giddens
) ,

) -, , , . 7 (Giddens
1995: 118, 2001: 84-85 Gregory, Martin, Smith 1994: 95-101.
2. (time-space compression),
(intensification) /

. (Harvey 1997: 284-293 Jessop 2000)
/ :

(
)

, :
) (EU),

N. Luhmann, H. Willke
B. Jessop , Maturana-Varela I. Prigozine . , ,
.
. , ,
,
, (Castells 1997: 412).
Luhmann
(Willke 1996, 90). - . (Luhmann1995, 65-66
92-97).

5
(NAFTA) (ASEAN)
- (Acia-Pacific Cooperation forum), - (New Transatlantic Agenda), -
(Asia-Europe meetings).
) (virtual region) ,
.
)
, - .
)
(G8, , , )

:
1 : - ,
2 : - ,

3 : - ,
4 :

, .
, .8 (Castells 1997:107-108, 136 , 145-147)
8

Castells
:
-
, . ,
, (Castells 1997: 387-388)

6

,
,

--

// . .
(,
, , , , )
.(Harvey 1990: 240, Jessop 2000)9
2.2.
/ . :
1. .(Total Quality
Management- ),
(just in time)
.10
, ( ), (Flood &
Jackson 1996 : 38-46, Tapscott 1995: 60, 63-64, Thompson & McHugh 1994: 92,
111, .)

10

(Castells 1997: 393)


cyberpunk W. Gibson (Neuromancer). Gibson
...
. (Mark Dery 1999: 168, William Gibson 1989: 66) O
Featherstone
, , / . (Featherstone
& Roger 1996: 2)
/, .
(Just in time
production), . , Crysler 16 . (D. Tapscott 1995: 62-63)

7
2. :
. ,
,
.11 ,
,
, (product flexibility) (process flexibility). (Castells
1997: 147- 151,154-157 & 167 Harvey: 189, Kumar 1997: 58-59 Thompson
& McHugh 1994 : 192-194 .).12
. , , ,
Harvey
(flexible accumulation)
11

12

. , 70
, .
. O D. Tapscott
(molecularization). (molecules) (clusters) , . ,
(D. Tapscott 1995: 51-54)
. . .
60
. Luhmann . (Luhmann 1995: 18-19, 189-194 .)
. .


.
(Castells 1997: 165). - , ,
(D. Tapscott 1995: 54-55)
. : , ,
, , (Pinchot
G. & E. 1994: 23-29).

8

:
(functional flexibility): ,

managers
(numerical flexibility):
, part-timers, , ,
.
(financial flexibility):
, .. (Castells: . , Thompson &
McHugh 1994 :196-202)

,
, 13(Castells:194-195) , ( ). ,
, , - - - , ,
(patchwork)
, . Schumpeter Weber
.14 (Castells :198-199 & 462-3).
13

14

Castells ...
(intersection)
. Parsons
Luhmann ,

. Castells (Castells 1997: 171)
patchwork
.

9

, ,
-
.
.
, , , .

3. .
.
3.1.

.
.
, .
-.
3.2. . , , .
,
.
. 15
:
15

J. P Gaudemar
. Robins & F. Webster ,

19 .
. Foucault . (Marx 1978 ,
Foucault 19).

10
) :


,
( )

,
( - )16

, ( )

,
( ). (Foucault 1989: 183, 188-194)

) :


- , , .
, :


(Thompson & McHugh 1994: 61-62, 146-47, Dandeker 1990: 185-186,

16

*
(x,). ,
, . Foucault
: ) ,
, )
. (M. Foucault 1989: 197).

11
Robbins & Webster 1999: 95-97,Foucault 1989: 201-204, 1991:117118).
Foucault
:

, ,

- :


. (Foucault 1989: 208-212) ,
.

, , , . ,
.
,
Marx 19

.

.(Marx 1978: 386-523)
: )
, ) ,
(Marx 1978: 415,436-438 Foucault 1989: 216-217)
-

12
, , , , : . (Foucault 1989: 235)
, , , . 17 : ,
( -, -, , ) ( , , , ).
- -
.

. ,
. (Foucault 1989: 264-271) ,
,
.18
3.3. . , ,
1 .
.
,
, , . 17

18

. Foucault
: , ,
, . : , , . , . 20
. Foucault
( ), ( ) () . (Foucault 1989: 227-258).

. .

13
. 19

.

.
. ,
, ,
, , ,
, , , .20 ,
, (A. McKinlay & P.
Taylor B. Townley A. Kinlay & K. Starley 1998: 179, 197 Castells 1997: 412-415 Flood & Jackson 1996: 39-40)

21.
:
. ,
/
.
19

20

21

1. -
,
(Wiener 1970).
Foucault
: , ,
, , , , ,
. (Foucault 1988:18, McKinley &
Starkey 1998: 152).
Baudrillard
(simulation):
1 :
2 : ,
3 :
4 : , , , , / . (Bogard 1996: 9-12, 71-72, 109).

14
, , , - --. (simulation)
(interfaces) -. / -. (Bogard
1996: 32) ,

. ()- , ,
, , , software hardware ,
. (Bogard 1996:30)
B. .

. ,
(layers) :

(circuit of
electronic impulses) (, , PC, ),

(nodes) (hubs).
.
,

. ,
.

.
.

15
.
, :
1. (networkers), ,

, ,
, ,
.
2. (networked),
, ,

3. (switched-off workers), .
4.
, (Castells .: 243-244 & 412-415)22
/ / (cyberspace),
. 23 +1 , 1 ,
,
- /. 24. 22

23
24

Castells : ,
-
(Castells 1997: 464-465).
Castells -
.
1 .
A. Levy ,

16
.

2 , , .

. (Bogard 1996: 34, 35) 1
, . (Bogard 1996: 26, Luhmann 2000)
Kinlay & Taylor
.
: ,
... . Facsimile
Project Diller+Scofidio, Moscone Convention
Center ,
,
,
.25 , .
.
, (Haraway 1991: 149) , .
Haraway o
Foucault

25

. . (P. Levy 1999: 26, Prigozine: 1986, 1997).


. Levy , , ,
, ,
, (P. Levy
1999: 31)

: .

17
. (Bogard 1996: 13-15, 43) -

/.

,
, ,
(Bogard 1996: 30, 71-72).26
, , Baudrillard
- , (Bogard 1996: 72, 109)
, - .27
.
(), (
-), (
), ( ,
, cyborg).
(), () () (Gray 2001: 194)
, ,
() ( Baldry C., Bain P. & Taylor P.
26

27


, , ,
,
. , , , . , (Foucault 1989: 239,242, 244,265-66 . Bogard 1996: 30).
Baudrillard.
.
. . . ,
, , , ..

18
Thompson Paul & Warhurst Chris 1998: 163-181). (Bogard 1996:
98-100).28

,
. . .
, , , . (Bogard 1996: 103, 109-110, 117)

4.
-
.
, .

, , , . /.
, , (Deleuze 2001:11-12)
. 29

, , 28

29


,
.
, .

.
.

, . (Robins & Webster 1999 53-56 .).

19
,
.
1.

2. . (Bogard
1996:43-44, Strank 1983: 61- 63, 65)
,
.

. ,
, , .
(Gray & Mentor 1995: 453-457, Gray 2001: 12, 193).30
(backbone) (dendtrite),
(Gray & Mentor 1995: 457).31
(simulation),
-, //, .32
. , (-), ,
.
,
, ,
30

31

32

, , , , .
Chris Hablew Gray (2001).
Gray
. (Gray & Mentor 1995: 457).
,
.

20

.

() . ,
- (Bogard 1996:
117)

5.
Aronowitz Stanley & Martisons Barbara & Menser Michael, Edition (1996): Technoscience and
cyberculture. London, Routledge.
Baudrillard Jean (1990, 1973): . , .
Baudrillard Jean (1997, 1981): Simulacra and simulation. USA, University of Michigan Press.
Bogard William (1996): The simulation of surveillance. Hypercontrol in telematic societies. G.
Britain, Cambridge University Press.
Casson Mark, (1997): Information and organization. A new perspective on the theory of the firm. New
York, Oxford University Press.
Castells Manuel (1997): The rise of the network society. Volume 1. Great Britain, Blackwell
Publishers.
Checkland Peter & Scholes Jim (1999): Soft systems methodology in action. West Sussex, England,
Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Dandeker Christopher (1990): Surveillance, Power and Modernity. Bureaucracy and Discipline from
1700 to the present day. Oxford Polity Press.
Deleuze Gilles (2001): . , .
Derek Gregory, Ron Martin & Graham Smith (1994): Human geography. Society, Space and Social
Science. London, MacMillan Publications.
Featherstone Mike & Burrows Roger edition (1996,1995): Cultures of technological embodiment.
Sage Publications.
Featherstone Mike (1995): Undoing Culture, Postmodernism and Identity, Sage Publications.
Flood R.L Jackson M.C (1996): . . ,.
Foucault M. (1982, 1978): . . , .
Foucault M. (1989, 1976): , . ,

Gibson William (1989, 1984): ., Aquarius Pub.


Giddens Adony (1995): The constitution theory. Outline of the theory of structuration theory.
Cambridge, Polity Press.

21
Giddens Adony (2001, 1990): ., .
Gray Hables Chris (2001): Cyborg Citizen. Politics in the posthuman age. N. York & London,
Routledge.
Gray Hables Chris edition (1995):The cyborg handbook. N. York & London, Routledge.
Harington John (1991): Organizational structure and information technology, Great Britain, Prentice
Hall International.
Harvey David (1997): The conditions of postmodernity. 1 st printed 1990. Blackwell Publishers.
Hasard J. (1994, 1993): Postmodernism and organizations. Sage Publications.
Held & Grew (2000): The global transformation reader, Polity press.
Jameson Fredric (1992, 1991): Postmodernism or, the cultural logic of late capitalism. USA, Duke
University Press (1994): The seeds of time. Columbia University Press.
Jameson Fredric (1998): The cultures of globalization. USA, Duke University Press.
Jameson Fredric (1998, 1983): The cultural turn. Selected Writings on the Postmodern. Verso
Publications.
Jessop Bob (1999): Reflections on globalization and its (II) logic(s), http://lancs-iee.comp.lancs.ac.
uk/sociology/soc016rj.html [ : 16/05/2002].
Jessop Bob (1999): The social embeddedness of the economy and its implications for economic
governance, http://lancs-iee.comp.lancs.ac.uk/sociology/soc016rj.html [ : 2205-2000].
Kumar Krishan (1997): From post-industrial to postmodern society. 2 nd edition. Blackwell Publishers.
Lash Scott & Urry John (1999, 1st 1994): Economies of signs and space.London, Sage Publications.
Levy Piere (1999): . , .
Luhmann N. (1992): Observations on modernity, California, Stanford University Press.
Luhmann N. (1995): Social systems, California, Stanford University Press.
Luhmann N. (2000): Art as a social system, California, Stanford University Press, 1 st Published 1995
in German.
Marx Karl (1978): . 1 . , .
Maturana H & Varela F (1992): To , , .
May Jon & Thrift Nigel (2001): timespace: geograpies of temporality. London, Routledge.
McHugh David & Thompson Paul (1994):Work organizations: a critical introduction. 4th edition.
Hong Kong, McMillan Press.
McKinlay Alan & Starkey Ken (1998): Foucault, management and organization theory. From
Panopticon to Technologies of Self. London, Sage Publications.
Negri Antonio (1989): The politics of subversion. Polity press.
Parsons T. (1967): The social system. 5th edition. London, Lowe & Brydone.
Parsons T. (1971):The systems of modern societies. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Perelman Michael (1998): Class warfare in the information age. London, McMillan Press Ltd.

22
Pinchot Elizabeth & Gifford (1994): The end of bureaucracy and the rise of the intelligent
organization. San Francisco, Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Prigozine Ilya & Stengers Isabelle (1986, 1984): ., .
Prigozine Ilya (1997): To . , .
Robins K. & Webster F. (1999): Times of the technoculture. From the information society to the
virtual reality. London, Routledge.
Sklair Leslie (1995) Sociology of the global system. 2 nd edition. Baltimore Maryland, John Hopkins
University Press.
Tapscott D. (1995): Digital Economy. Promise and Peril in the Age of Networked Intelligence. N.
York, McGraw Hill.
Thompson E. P. (1994): , , , , .
Thompson Paul & Warhurst Chris (1998): Workplaces of the future, London, MacMillan Press LTD.
Welge K. Martin (2000): An evolutionary perspective on the globalization of enterprises in the global
network competition. http://www.sm.umist.ac.uk/eiba99/Tuesday/10.30-12.30/Cp%20K/paper%
2097.html. [ 18-10-2000).
Wiener R. (1970): . , .
Wilke H. (1996): , , .
(2000): . , .

You might also like