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Cy-bnse BZys _\-Un-IvS B{i-a-amb _mwq-cnse "Bioh\w' B{i-a-n
tNv {]m-\bpw ]T-\hpw tkh-\-hp-ambn ]ptcm-ln-X-t\m, ktlm-Z-ct\m Bbn kaql
PohnXw \bn-m B{K-ln-p-pthm? Fn AXn-\mbn A\p-Ps\ kzmKXw sNp-p.
Ghpw Ipd hnZym-`ymk tbmKyX: +2/PDC. {]mb-]-cn[n: 35 hbkv
IqSp-X hnh-c-v DS _-s-SpI:
Fr. James Thattamparamban OSB
ASIRVANAM, Kumbalgud P.O., Bangalore - 74
Mob: 09342106900 E-mail: asirvanamjames@yahoo.com

4 2011 sabv 1 Rmb

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Gs-Sp-n-bn-cp-p.
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hntZi hnt\m-Zk
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samw 23 tImSn 70 ew P\-kw-Jy-bp Csm-\ojysb
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Fm-hs
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Hdo-k-bnse Im-am Pn-bn t_mUn-ap F ev
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tdmw: C-en-bn Sqdn-\nse

ap Bv_n-j]v IZn-\m
tUm. sPymhm\n kZ-co\n (86)
Znhw-KX
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kzoI-cn kZ-co\n 1984
anem-\nse klmb sa{Xm-\pw
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t]m cm-a am]m-b
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IZn-\m m\-tv Atls Dbn-bX
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anI {]`m-j-I-\m-bn-cpp
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Iqcn-bbvpw A-kvtXm-enI
Ac- a - \ - b nse At- h m- k nIpw t\mp-Ime [ym\w
\S-m 1994 At-l-sbmWv ]mm \ntbm-Kn--Xv.
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Itf GXmv Nm-em-sbnepw Xncp- cn-s-Spm Ign- p. t\ct
{]Jym-]n-n-cp-X
- p-t]mse 1999
AXv s]mXp-Zi-\-n\p
hbvp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]ntsmw IZn-\m Sqdn AXncq-]-X-bpsS `c-W-`mcw cmPn-hsm-gn-p.
IZn-\m kZ-co\nbpsS
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199 Bbn. CXn 115 t] 80
hb- n Xmsg- b p- - h cpw.
Ah Ce-IvSamcmWv. am]msb Xnc- s - S p- m- \ p
tImt-hn Ce-ISv amp
am{Xta ]s-Sp-m-\m-hq.

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tj-\p-ambn kwkm-cnpw
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tdma kabw sshInv Ac-b
v m-bn-cnpw Cu A\p-{Kl
{]`m- j - W - s av hn- m
shfn-s-Sp-n.
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FU-h F _ln-cm-Imi
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2011 sabv 1 Rmb

Fpw ZpxJ-sh-n-bn-eqsS IS-p-t]m-Ip--h

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tNe Xmeqv Bip-]-{Xn-bn 29
{]khw! 22 kntk-dn-b.
19 sNm 15 {]khw \S-p. ]sw
ikv{X-{Inb!
20 _p[ 14 {]k-hw. ]{pw kntkdn-b!
hnhm-Z-am-bn, At\z-j-Wm-bn, \S-]-Sn-{I-a-fmbn, N-bm-bn...
sabv 16 \v {]khw \n-bn K`n-Wnsb-tmepw shdpsX hnn-. t\cs {]khnt ]q! {]k- h n- pI FXv Hcp
s]ns Ah-Im-i-am-sW-nepw F{Xbpw
t\cs Ahsf A-bm-p-I FXv
tNe Xmeqv Bip-]{- Xn-bnse ssK\tm-fP
- n-ns D-ch
- m-Zn-a
- m-Wv. kntkdn-b Hcp ak-ca
- mbn amdn-bXv 19, 20 XobXn-I-fn-em-bn-cp-p. sF]n-F t]mse!
ITn- \ - { i- a - n\pw Xnc- n- \ p- a n- S - b n
tNe \K-ck
- ` 8mw hmUv NmWn-bn
A\q-]ns `mcy Znhy-bp-tSXpw kntk-dn-b\m-bn-cp-p. Ipnsb ]pd-s-Sp--tm
Ipv aqp Znhkw apv acn-n-cp-p.
GXm\pw Znh-k--fmbn Znhy Gsd Akz-bm-bn-cp-p. kvIm\nwKv \Sn Ipnv
Xq-p-d-hp-sp ]dv Ipsd acppw
sImSp-p. ]ns ]n-tISp tXmn Bepg saUn- tImf-Pn-te--b-p. AhnsS-bmWv Ipn acn-p-shv Xncn--dn--Xv.
Nm-sem Nn-s-n-sem kntkdn-b thWw. ]Ww thWw. Nne-tm
ISpwssI thn-h-cpw.
BXp-c-ip-{iq-j-bpsS ]cn-ip--amb taJ-

e-bn Bn aq ssK\-tm-fP
- n-p-I
]W-ap-m-m\pw Ah-[n-bn t]mIm\pw
thn \S-nb {Iqc-amb \mS-I-nse
Nne cwK- \s hmsX A-c-n-pp.
tNe Xmeqv Bip- ] - { Xn- b nse
Ccw \mS-I--sf-n t\cs Xs
Adnhp e`n- npw Fp- s Imv a{n
{ioaXn \S-]-Sn-I-sf-Sp-n-. GXm\pw Znhk- - f nse
`c- W - n- \ n- S - b n
Ahsms ew-amw sImSp-p-am-bncn-pw. Ccw A\oXn Cm-Xm-m a{n
{ioa-Xnv Ign-bn-. [man-IX kzw PohnX-n-ep-s-nte Ccw {Iqc-ar-K-sf
Xncp-m {ioa-Xnv Ign-bq.
A-bp-sSbpw Ipn-sbpw Pohs
apn emL-ht- msS Bbp-[
- s
- f-Sp-p-h tUmIvSam-c-. N-bnse Cd-n-shp-Imcs em`-W
-
- p-Ifmbn-cnpw Chsc
Ccw IpnX {ia- \S-m t{]cnn-p-Xv.
C-s\-bp-h
- v kntk-dn-b Hm-tdj \S-m Hm-td-j Xob- Xs
thW-sa-n-. Hcp Xmm-enI sjUmbmepw aXn. AXym-h-iy-n\v Hcp K`nWnbpw cp In-bp-ap-s-n Hm-tdj HmsI.
Be-pg Xmeqv Bip-]{- Xn-bn tI{oIrX ioXo-I-cW kwhn-[m-\-sam-cp-m
Ign sk]vXw-_d
- n Xs Hm-td-j
Xob- ]qn. Hm-td-js
- \-p tcmKn-Isf
av Bip-]-{Xn-I-fn-tev hnSp-am-bn-cp-p.
tam-dnp kao]w t\cs IpSpw-_mkq-{XW hn`m-Ka
- mbn {]hn-n-cp sInS-n ]gb tmdn-emWv Xmm-enI
Xob- k-am-n-bn-cn-p-X
- v.

Cu Xmm-enI sjUn CXp-hsc

Aq-tdmfw ikv{X-{In-b-I \S-n--gnp. hnjp- h ns Xte- Z n- h kw ]p
kntk-dn-b \S-n-bt- XmsS tUmIvSam
XnI B-hn-izm-k-n-em-bn-cp-p.
Cs\ t]mbm Hm-td-js Fw Bbnc-am-Im-Im A[n-Iw-\m thn-hc
- n-. P\ph-cn-bn 90. s^{_p-h-cn-bn 95. amn
120. G{]n 21 hsc 98. sF]n-F-nse 20
Szn kvtImdp-t]mse Hm-td-js Fw
h[n-p-h-cn-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
Btcm-Ky-a{n {ioaXn F-s\tbm CsXm-ad
- nv cwK-s-n. ikv{X-{In-bI
- f
- psS
IW-s-Spp XpS-n-bn-pv. At\z-jW
- hpw
Bcw-`n-p. \S-]-Sn-I Bcw-`n-p-tmtgpw sabv ]Xn-aq-n-se-n-bn-cn-pw. ]mhs a\p- j y kq kv s ]jym- e nn
tUns\ shp aq-bp kzImcy
Bip-]-{Xn-bn t]mImsX GI B{i-bambn Fp-Xv km Bip-]-{Xn-I-fnem-Wv. Ahn-sS-bm-Ip-tm tUmIvSsd
ImtW-X
- p-t]mse Hp Im kpJ-{]khw Dd-v. Nnehpw Ipd-hv. AXp-sIm-pXs ]cm-Xn-bp-ambn B ]mh- aptmp-t]m-Im-dn-.
Cu kw`hw hmm-{]m-[m\yw t\Snb-tXmsS hntZ-ip \np hmm-am[y-a- tN-e-bn Iymv sNp-p.
ssZh-ns kzw \mn \S Cmcy- s]mSnpw sXmepw hv hntZi
Nm\-ep-I-fn ImWmw. ]pd-n-cn-p
tImSm-enbpw Acn-hmfpw ]mcbpw hsc
Ah-cpsS `mj-bn Hm-td-j Xob--dn\-I-s-pw.

08052011 Rmb
Xncp-\m Zn\w
05052011 hymgw
sshIov 5 \v sImSn-I-bw, Znhy-_en
apJy-Iman-I: shcn dh. tam. tUm. AeIvkv hS-pw-Xe

cmhnse 6.30 \v Znhy-_en

sshIov 5.15 \v Xncp-\m kaql Znhy-_en
apJy-Iman-I: Bv_n-j]v tUm. {^mknkv

(hnImcn P\-d, hcm-pg AXn-cq-]X

- )

I-d- (hcm-pg sa{Xm-tm-eo-)

{]kwKw: dh. ^m. tbip-Zmkv ]g-nn
sshIov 8.30 \v saKmtjm
Ah-Xc- Ww : sImn kmmkv

{]kwKw: dh. tUm. sk_m-y ]n-m-c

XpSv {]Z-n-Ww, Xncp-kz-cq] Npw_\w
cm{Xn 9 \v \mSIw: I am-bn-bpsS

06052011 shn

Ah-Xc- Ww : sImw B-an{X

IW-p-]p-kvXIw
sshIov 5.30 \v Znhy-_en
apJy-Iman-I: dh. ^m. tdmWn tPmk^v a\-n
{]kwKw: dh. tUm. men amXn-c-nn
sshIov 7 \v Iem-hn-cpv
Ah-Xc- Ww: IpSpw_ bqWn-w-K
-

07052011 i\n
sshIov 5 \v Xncp-kz-cq]w Fgp--n-
{]kp-tZn hmgvN, Znhy-_en
apJy-Iman-I: dh. ^m. tPmPv awK-ev
{]kwKw: dh. ^m. tkhy IpSn-bmw-ticn
XpSv {]Z-n-Ww, Xncp-kz-cq] Npw_\w
Icn-a-cpv {]tbm-Kw, Iem-hn-cpv
hnImcn

^m. BWn dmt^ sIma-c-mv

{]kp-tZ-n-am

Fm-anSw: sabv 15 Rmb

6 2011 sabv 1 Rmb

hnk v aT-n

t\mh-ev 3

Km

Kpm- b n
temn-\kv I-dn
kXyw Acn-a
- nb tPmk
^v ]d-p.
tbip- h ns cw
temn- \ - k ns Ip
Xpd-n IY.
iXm-[n-] s]t{SmWn
b-kns aI\mWv temn-\-kv.
tbip-hns\ Ipcn-ti-m \nbp--\mb
tdma ]S-bm-fn.
{]os^- I v n\p Iogn- e p Bdm- b ncw
tdma ]S-bm-fn-I-fn {]ap-J.
H-
- .
tdma q-Wp-I-fn A[n-Ihpw \ne-bpd-n-Xv kntk-dn-bb
- n-em-Wv. Atm-Wntbm
tIm-bn-tev s]klm s]cp-m Imev
IqSp-X tdma ]S-bm-fn-I Fp-sap
am{Xw. bcp-i-te-ans kwc--W-p-a-Xe
temn-\k
- n-\m-Wv.
aqmw aWn-q-dn tbip-hns hnem]w
tIv s^m- Rm-W-bn sNmdp
\on-sm-Sp-p.
{]tm-dn-b
- n \nv KmKpm-bn-tep Ipcn-ins hgn \osf temn-\kns t\Xr-Xz-n tdma ]S-bm-fn-I
tbip-hns\ Nm-hm-dn-\-Sn-p.
amwkw-]n-fv cw sXdn-p-tm-gp
B-cXn A\p-`h
- n-p-Ib
- m-bn-cpp temn\-kv.
F{X-am-{Xw {Iqc-\m-Ip-pthm A{X-am{Xw
tdmans hnizkvX tkh-I-\m-Ip-p-sh
`mhw.
H- - p- s Imv temIw ImWp
temn-\k
- v.
A[-kXyw am{Xw Adn-bp--h.
acn- p- s hdn- t m temn- \ kv
tbip-hns hnem-pdw Ipm Ipnn-fn.
tbip-hns hnem-hn\nv sXdn Hcp
Xpn cw sImv temn-\k
- ns Ip
Xpd-p.
tPmk^v Acn-a-nb XpSp:
temn-\kv tbip-hns Ipcn-intNm-nen-cpv Ic-bp-Xv Ip hcp--h-\mWv
Rm.
Rm IXv kXyw
tbip-hns c-mepw Pe-mepw
cn-s
- -h
- \
- mWv temn-\k
- v.
temn- \ kv I- d n kXyw
FmIpw?
AXv tPmk^v Acn-a-nb I-dn
kXyw Xs-bm-Iptam?
]oUn-n-p-h
- t- \mSv ]oUn-X\
- p hnImc-sa-mWv?
temn-\-kns Iv Xpd kvt\lw
FmWv?
AI-v Xpd-n-p in Fm-bncnpw?
tdma {]os^Ivv hopw Acn-a-n-bmbnse tPmk-^ns hmp-Iv sNhntbmp.
tPmk^v Acn-a-nb Znkva-kn-sbpw
P-kn-sbpw IY ]d-p.
Znkvakpw Pkpw I-m-cm-bn-cp-p.
Iqp-I
-
- m.
_Xvet- l-an \nv CuPn-]vXn-te-p
hgn-bn-em-bn-cpp Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw hnlm-cw.
ap-n-aqv hjw ap]v.
tltdm-tZ-kns Iq-p-cp-Xn-bn \nv
c t\Sm Dn-bmb tbip-hn-h-s\bpw
sImv CuPn-]vXn-tev ]em-b\w sNpI-bm-bn-cpp A tacnbpw ]nXmhv tPmk^pw.
cm{Xn.
hnP-\-amb hgn.
tPmk^pw tacnbpw Dn-tb-iphpw Znkvakn-sbpw P-kn-sbpw ssII-fn-emWv
sNp-s]-X
- v.
\ap-n-h-cn \nv ]nSnp ]dn-mw.
Pkv ]d-p.
AcpXv Znkvakv hne-n.
]mhw hgn-t]m-. Ah-cn\nv \apsmpw Inm- \ n- Znkv a kv Ahsc
t]mIm A\ph-Zn-p. CuPn-]vXn-te-p
hgn-bn-eqsS IS-p-t]mb [\n-Ic
- mb hym]mcn-Isf Ah Ih- sN-bvXp.
Pkv AXn-{Iq-c\
- m-bn-cp-p.
a\p- j y- X z- n\p \nc- m- - s Xmpw
Znkvakv sNbvXn-.
KmKpm-bn tbip-hn-s\mw Ipcn-ti-s I-m Znkvakpw P-kp-am-Wv.
Acn-a-nb tPmk^v ]dp:
Znkva-kns\ tbip-hns heXp`m-Kpw

P-kns\ CS-Xp-`m-K
- p-amWv Ipcn-in Xd-Xv.
tbip- h ns\ \nn- p- s Imv Pkv
]dp: \o c-I-s\-n R-sfbpw
\ns Xsbpw cn-p-I.
P-kns\ Xncp-n-smv Znkvakv
]dp: Cu Ipcn-ip-a-cWw \apv AlX-s--Xm-Wv. Ch-\m-Is \nc-]-cm-[n-bpw.
Znkvakv tbip-hn-t\m-Smbn ]dp: \o
kz-n-em-bn-cnp-tm Fs HmW-ta.
tbip Znkva-kn-t\m-Smbn ]dp: Cv
\o Ftm-sSmw kz-n-em-bn-cn-pw.
Znkvak
- ns\ t\mn he-Xp-hi
- t- v Xe
Xncn-mWv tbip Poh shSn-X
- .v Znkvakv
IXpw Pkv ImWm--Xp-amb kXyw
FmWv?
Cuizc ssNX\yw?
Znkva-kns kXyw FmWv?
tdma {]os^Ivv t]mn-bqkv ]nemqkv Acn-a-n-bm-bnse tPmk^v ]dbp adp-]-Snv sNhn-tbmp. tPmk^v
Acn-a-nb Incn-tbm-nse PqZm-kns
IY ]d-p.
]{v t]cm- b n- c pp tbip- h ns
{][m\ injy-m.
Keo-enb ISo-c
- p-\n-mWv Ch-cn
]Xn-s\mv t]scbpw tbip Is-n-bXv.
Fm-hcpw app-h.
]{v injy-cn PqZmkv am{Xw PqZ-bmm-c.
Incn-tbm-nse sska-Wns aI.
IpjvT-tcm-Kn-sb-nepw sska [\-hm\m-Wv.
sskaWns hk-Xn-bn hmWv aKvZe-\-bnse tacn tbip-hns ]mZ--fn
kpK--{Zhyw ]qip-Ibpw Npw_n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXX
- .v
tPmk^v Acn-a-nb Incn-tbm-nse
PqZm-bpsS IY XpSp.
s]k-lm-bpsS Xte-mWv tbip Incntbmv kin-X
- v.
sska-Wns hk-Xn-bn-se-nb tbip
bqZm-kns A-tbmSv kwkm-cn-p.
bqZm-kn-s\-tbmv Ic-bc
- p-sXv tbip
B A-tbmSv ]d-p.
cp- \ m Ign- p h- \ - b psS
Hm-s-Sp-e
- m-bn-cptm AXv?
_dm-_m-kns ITmc kwL-n \nv

bqZm-kns\ tbip Xs-bmWv hnfn-n-dn

sImp-h
- X
- v.
]{v injy-cn Ghpw Ipdn-b-h-\mbn-cpp bqZm-kv.
kwL-ns ]W-kn kqn-p-Imc\m-bn-cpp bqZm-kv.
tbip G- h p- a - [ nIw hnizm- k - a n
injy.
tbml-m tbip-hn\v ap-dn-bnv \Inbn-cp-p.
bpZ-bm-m-c bqZmkv NXn-pw.
bqZm-kns\ tbip hniz-kn--sXt?
apXv shn-m-in\p thn am{Xw
bqZmkv Hp-Im-c\
- m-Iptam?
]gb t\Xmhv _dm-_m-kns\ Pbn
tamNn-X\
- m-m bqZmkv \mSIw Ifn-p-Ibm-bn-cptm?
GXv sNIp-ms ]nSn-bn-emWv bqZmkv
AI-sp t]mbXv?
bqZmkv At\z-jn kXyw Fm-bn-cpp?
Nne kXy-n-\p-ap-n Imen-Sdn hogp-sXt?
AXn\p adp-]-Sn-bmbn tbip ]Tn-n
]mTw tPmk^v Acn-a
- nb ]oem-q-kns\
]dp tIn-p:
kXy-n-te-p hgn hfsc hfsc CSpn-bX
- m-W.v
Atm kXy- n- t e- p hgn
GXmWv?
]oem-qkv tPmk^v Acn-a-n-b-bpsS
adp-]-Snv sNhn-tbmp.
tPmk^v Acn-a-nb tbip-hns A
tacn-bpsS IY ]d-p.
tbmhm-n-an-sbpw A-bp-sSbpw aIfmWv tacn.
Ah-cpsS hm[-Iy-n P\n--h.
\{k-n tbmhm-n-an\pw A-bvpsamw hfsc Ipd-p-\m am{Xta tacnv
Ign-bm-\m-bp-q.
Hcp hbkv XnIbpw ap]v Ah ssZhme-b-n ImgvN kan--s-p.
ssZhm-eb I\y-Ia
- msm-a
- m-Wh
- Ign-Xpw, hf-Xpw.
]{mw hb-n-emWv tPmk-^p-am-bp
tacn-bpsS hnhmlw \n-bn-n-cp--Xv.
hnhml \nbw Ign tacn ssZh-\n-b-{]-Imcw tbip-hns\ K`w [cn-p.
ssZh-ns CwKn-X-n\v Xe-Ip-\n
]mhw blqZ s]Ip-n.
kaq-l-ns apgp-h Ah-tl-f-\bvv

Cc-bm-bh
- .
tPmk^v Acn-a-nb XpSp:
Fn-s\-bm-W-h kaq-l-n\v adp-]Sn
]d-bpI?
BcmWv Ah ]d-bp-Xv kXy-sav
hniz-knpI?
Ah ]d-Xv ]t, Ah-fpsS kXyw.
tbip-hm-bn-cpp Ahv kXyw.
s_Xvet- l-an Imen-I Dd-p Kplbn Ah kXy-ns ]ndhn BtLmjn-p.
hnZq-cX
- b
- n\nv kXym-t\z-jn-I kXyn\v ImgvN \Im hp.
kXy- ns \ne- h n- f n- b mWv aqmw
aWn-q-dn KmKpm-bn\nv Db
p tI-Xv.
]e- k v X o- \ m- b nse ]mh- s amcp blqZ
I\yI kXyw Fsv Xncn--dn--sXns\?
kXys Ahv shfn-s-Sp-n-bXv
Bcv?
kXys ]meqn hfm\pw kXyn\p kmyw \Im\pw Ah-tl-f-\-fp- s Sbpw ]oU- \ - - f p- s Sbpw \Sp- h n
Ahv in-bm-bXv FmWv?
tacnv Xmmbn aKvZ-te-\m-bnse tacnsmw tmUnb Imh-cn-bn-tev t]mbncp-p.
Acn-a-n-b-bnse tPmk^v ]d-p-hcp kXyw Xs-bm-Iptam tmUn-bsb
Imh-cn- ae-bn-tev hnfn-p-sIm-p-t]m-bncn-pI?
tdmanse ]me-ss IpnN-cp-hnse
Atmtfm tZhs t{X-ap-v Ifnp
\S cmP-Ip-am-cnv kXy-ns ]pXnb
hgn-I HmXn-sm-Sp-X
- mcv?
Iqp-Imcn ^vfmhn-bbvv tmUnb FgpXnb Inse hcn- I ]oem- qkv
Hmp.
blq-Zn-bs
- b-p-dn-v, blq-ZP
- \
- X
- s
- b-p-dnv, BNm-c--sf-p-dnv, hnime ]e-kvXo\m-bnse Pohn-X-s-p-dnv Fm-samw
Fs {]nb ^vfmhn-b, \n\-s-gp-X-W-sap-v.
\nm- \ n ]e- k v X o\ hen- s bmcp
]qtmw t]mse-bm-Wv.
s]k-lm-s]-cp-m-fn\v \mSpw {]Ir-Xnbpw
Htc-t]mse AWn-sm-cp-p-p.
ka-cn-b, PqZ-b, CZp-anb Fo {]tZ-i tNmWv PqZbm {]hniy cq]o-I-cn-Xv.
blq-Zn-b-bpsS P\-Po-hn-Xhpw BNm-cfpw \nb-{n-p-Xv apJy-]p-tcm-ln-X
I-^m-km-W.v
Abm-fpsS `mcym-]n-Xmhv Amkv blqZn-bb
- psS cmjv{Sobw \nb-{n-p-p.
shfpp \ov aet]mse XmSnbpw
Nph Igp-Is Ip-I-fp-ap hr.
apJy-]p-tcm-ln-Xs \nba\w tdmans
AwKo-Im-c
- n\p hnt[-ba
- m-bX
- n-\m tdma
{]os^-I
v ns \ne-]m-Sp-Isf apJy-]p-tcm-lnX\v I-Sv Xm-\m-hn-.
Rm\pw ]nem-qkpw PqZ-bm-bn Fpwapv {]os^- I v m- b n- c p hte- d n- b
{Kmqkv BWv I-^m-kns\ apJy-]p-tcmln-X-\mbn \nb-an--Xv.
^vfmhn-b, blq-Zn-bb
- n AXn-hn-]p-ea
- mb
A[n-Im-c-amWv ]oem-q-kn-\v. blq-Zn-bmbn PpUo-jy A[n-Imcw IqSn ]oem-qkn-\p-v. Iw ]ncnhv am{X-am-bn-cp-p, ap
{]os^-Ivp-am-cpsS A[n-Im-cw.
Hmp-tm t]Sn tXmpp ^vfmhn-b.
Bbn- c - sf CXn- \ Iw ]oem- qkv
Xqn\p hn[n-p.
I-m, hy`n-Nm-cn-I, Iem-]I
- m-cn-I.
Ah-cpsS `mcy-am-cpsS Io, a-fpsS
hnem-]-.
a\v hmsX hnpp ^vfmhn-b.
kok-dn-bm-bn tltdm-tZkv ]Wn-Xo
henb sImm-c
- n-emWv R-fpsS Xma-kw.
]v \ne-I-fpw, Ccp-qdv apdn-I-fp-ap
hnim-e-amb AI--f--fp, ]qtmpw
]pta- S pw, \oIp- f - - f p- a p Cu
sltdm-Znb sImm-c
- n Bh-iy-n-tesd
]cn-tk-hn-I-am-cp-v.
sltdm-tZ-kns aI An-m-kn-\mWv
Ctm Keo-en-bm-bpsS `c-Ww.
Keo-enbm IS-ens ]Sn-mtd Ic-bnse
Xnt_-cn-bmkmWv An-m-kns Xe-m\w.
A\pw aI\pw apnb Nc- p- I
Xs.
Fhn-sStbm Hcp cmPmhv P\n-p-shv
tIv blq-Zn-bm-bnse apgp-h inip--fpsSbpw Xe-sh-n-b-h-\mWv A.
(XpS-cpw)

2011 sabv 1 Rmb

(3mw t]Pv XpS)

\oXn]qIamb Iqenpff
sXmgnemfnbpsS AhImin\v
hne Iev ] nmXpsImtm
BWv Cs\ kw`hnpXv.''
(kXyn kvt\lw, 63). henb
em`w Ds-nepw \ymb-amb Iqen\evIm Xm-dm-Im {]h-WX
Cp hn-p-h-cp-p-v. \nbam-\p-kr-X-amb an\naw Iqen \ev
Im\pw ]e-tmgpw Xm-dm-Ip-n. sXmgn-em-fn-I kwL-Sn-Xc
-
- m-Xp-aqew Iqmbn hne-t]-im
Chv Ign-bmsX hcp-p-v.
""Xsbpw Xm\psSp
kaqlnsbpw [mnIhpw
kmwkv I mcnIhpw kmnI
hpamb \nehmcw Dbphm
Hcph \Sp imcocnItam
_pn]ctam kKmItam
Bb {]h\amWv sXmgn''.
""Hcp hyn Xs ImbnItam.
_pn]ctam kKmItam
Bb tijnI hn\ntbmKnp
tm e`np {]Xn^eamWv
Iqen. CXv Ahsbpw Ahs\
B{ibnp IgnbphcpsSbpw
Bhiy \ndthm\pw A
]w anw hv kzv kmZnm\pw
DXIpXmbncnWw'' Fp tdcpw
s\mhmcpw F Nm{InI teJ\
neqsS entbm ]Xn-aq-m-a ]mm
]Tn-n-p-p-.v
\ymb-amb Iqen sXmgn-em-fn-IfpsS Ah-Im-i-am-Wv. \ymb-amb
Iqen sImSp-m-Xn-cn-p-Xv sXmsW-mWv Xncp-` ]Tn-n-p-Xv. ""\n-fpsS \ne-f
- n \npw
hnfhp tiJcn the- mv
sImSp-msX ]nSnph Iqen
CXm \ne-hn-fn-p-p. sImbvpIm-cpsS \ne-hnfn ssk\y-f
- psS
Im-hns I-]p-S--fn
Fn-bn-cn-p-p (bm-tm. 5:4).
CXp-t]mse Xs Azm-\n-

t\mp-Iqen ]cn-jvIrX
kaq-l-n\p kzoIm-cy-a
msX ]Ww-hm-p-Xpw sXmWv. t\mp-Iqen t]mse-bp
sXmb ssien-I ]cn-jvIrX
kaq-l-n\v Hpw kzoIm-cy-a-.
t\mp-Iq-ensb Nne t{SUv bqWnb-\p-I Xn-d
- b
- p-p-s-nepw
AXv {]mtbm-Kn-Ia
- m-m-\p {ia Ah-cpsS `mK-p I
- mWpn. Ah-cpsS kXy-k--X-sb-pdnv kwi-bn-t-n-bn-cn-p-p.
km
Hm^o- k p- I - f nse
\smcp hn`mKw DtZym-K-cpw
tPmen-sbmpw sNp-n-s
Bt]w hym]-I-am-Wv. AXv
Gsd-psd kXy-am-Wp-Xm-\pw.
Fm hfsc kXy-k--ambn
tPmensbSp-p--h-cp-apv F
hkvXpX \mw ad--cpXv. ]t
A-s\-bp-h
- v Hcp `mK-p\npw Imcy-amb ]n_ew Inpn- FXpw hkvXp-X-bm-Wv.
AXp-sIm-v Iptd--gn-bp-tm
Ah-cpsS Dm-ls
- amw \jvSs
- Sp-p.
temI kZvhyhsb apgp
h ]nSnpIpepnb km n
I amyn \npw kmh Imiw
cmPy- tamNnXamIp
eWamWv IphcpXv. AXn\p-m-bn-p Xncn-S- n-bmWv Pm\nse `qan-Ip-ep-hpw kp\m-anbpw. a\p-jys Ign-hp-Iv ]cnan-Xn-bp-spw \mw ssZh-n
B{i-bnt aXn-bmIq Fpw Cu
kw`hw \s A\p-kva-cn-n-pp. Ign kmnI hj

s CybpsS tZiob B`y

tcmev ] mZ\ hfm\ncv 8.6
iXam\w BbnmWv IWm
sncnpXv. hfsc ip`Ic
amb Hcp Imcyw, Irjnay
_\w DssSbpff {]mYan
I taJebn Dmbnpff
hfm \ncv 5.4% BsW
XmWv. Cu cwKv Ign h
js hfm\ncv ssa\kv
0.2% Bbncpp. \psS cmPy
s 65 iXam\w P\fpw
{]mYanI taJebn \nmWv
\nXyhrn IspsX
Imcyw Cu Ahkcn {]tXy
Iw Hmt-Xp-v.
t{]mml\P\Iamb Cu
]menepw Aip`Icamb
kwK-XnI hnp hcnIbm
sW Imcyw IqSn \mw ]cnK
Wntnbncnpp. AXncq
amb hnebamWv Ign
hjw cmPyw ZinXv. `yhkv
Xp DssSbpff \ntXym
]tbmK km[\fn am{Xw 16%
hnebw Dmbn. CXp aqew
P\fpsS PohnX sehn 65%
ne[nIw h\bpmbXm
bmWv IWmsncnpXv.
ASnm\ sXmgnemfn P\hn`mK
ns PohnXw IqSpX Zpcn
X]qambnsmncnpI
bmWv. cmjv{Sw t\Snb hf-bpsS
KpW-t`m-m--fm-Im Chv
Ign-bmsX hn-cn-p-p. DXv]mZ-\--aX Ipd-Xpw XXv^-e-

ambn DXv]m-Z-\-s-ehv IqSn-bXpw

I--W-ns Afhv hnXpsamw CXn\v Imc-W
- fm-W.v
A\m-h-iy-k-a-c-fpw _p-Ifpw
Ae-kX
- bpsamw AXns ]nnepv.
\psS cmPys Akw-LS- nX
sXmgn-emfn taJ-eb
- n tI{-t{SUv
bqWn-b\
- p-If
- psS kmnyw Cmsbp Xs ]d-bWw. ""tZiob
te_ bqWnb\pI Ahbn
dPn sNbvXnpff AwKfpsS
XmXv ] cyw am{Xw kwcnp
Xn kzbw ]cnanXsSpm
\pff {]hWX ImWnp
hbmWv. Ah bqWnb\n AwK
Am sXmgnemfnIfpsS
Imcynepw XmXv]cyw ImWn
Ww'' (kXyn kvt\lw64)
F _\UnIvv ]Xn\mdma
]mmbpsS hmpI Cu Ah
kcn FSpp]dtbXm
Wv. Fm sXmgnemfnIfpsSbpw
kpcbvv ]Icw "RfpsS
BfpIvv am{Xw' FXntev
apJy[mcm bqWnb\pI HXpn
tmIpXv \mw ImWpp. ]e
km ]XnIfpw sXmgnemfn
kaqlhpw km[mcWmcpw
AdnbptXbn. ]e- t mgpw
cmjv{Sob em`-n-\p Icp-fmbn Ahsb D]-tbm-Kn-p-p.
Akw-LS- nX sXmgn-em-fn-Imbn
cq]o-Ic
- n-s
- -n-cn-p km
ta-\n-[n-Ifn AwKXzw \evIm\p \nb-am-\p-kr-X\
- S- ]
- S- n-Iv

_-s DtZym-K-cpw ]etmgpw Xm-dm-Ip-n--sb-Xpw

tJZ-Ic
- a
- m-W.v an\n-aw-Iqenbpw \nehn- e p sXmgn \nb- a - fpw
XovW-X-tbmsS \S-n-em-m
km {in-t-X
- m-W.v AXn\p DtZym-K kwhn-[m\w
in-s-Sp-W
- w. Fm hn`mKw
Akw-LS- nX sXmgn-em-fn-Isfbpw
an\naw Iqen-bp-sSbpw ta-\n-[n-Ifp-sSbpw ]cn-[n-bn sImp-hc- W
- w.
ISp Nqj-W-n\p hnt[-bam-Ip hnhn[ hn`mKw Akw-LSnX sXmgn-em-fn-I tIc-f-n
Dv. t{SUv bqWn-b\pI-fpsS Icpn\p t]cp-tI tIc-f
- n, Cu
hn`mKw sXmgn-em-fn-Isf bqWn-b\p-I-fn tNm-t\m Ah-cpsS
Ah-Im-i
- t\Sn-sm-Sp-mt\m
apJy-[mcm t{SUv bqWn-b-\p-I
th-hn-[-n Xm-dm-Ip-n-msb-Xv Ap-X-I-c-am-Wv. kv{Xo
sm-gn-em-fn-Iv {]map-Jy-ap
]oSn-Ismgnem-fn-I, KmlnI
sXmgn- e m- f n- I Fn- h - s cbpw
A\y-kw-m\ sXmgn-em-fn-I,
\ma-am{X Ij-I XpS-nb \nch[n hn`m-K-sfbpw apJy-[mcm
t{SUv bqWn-b\
- p-I t_m[-]qw
hnkva-cn-p-I-bm-sWp kwi-bnp-p.
\psS cmPys AkwLSnX
sXmgnemfnIfpw IjIcpw t\cnSp
{]iv\sf AXn Pohnm
]pXnb ImgvNmSpw ssienbpw
kzmwioIcnm \apv Xm
dmImw. sXmgnens alzw
DbnnSnpsImv X\npw
sXmgn ZmXmhn\pw kaql
n\pw \bvpXIpamdv Xs
IgnhpIfpw sXmgn tijnbpw
hn\ntbmKnpsav Cu sabv
Zn\n Hmtcm sXmgnemfnbpw
{]Xn FSptXpv.

8 2011 sabv 1 Rmb

2011 sabv 1 Rmb

Xom-S-Is ]mtYbw
(Hmw t]Pv XpS)
Aev a mb hnizm- k n- I - f psS hnfnbpw
ZuXyhpw al--chpw \nWm-b-I-hp-amsWp {]Jym-]n Atlw IpSpw-_s
Kmln-I-k-`-sbp {]tLm-jn-p. ico-cns ssZh-im-kv{X-sa-gp-Xn. Iyq-Wn-tj cwKs \h-km-t-XnI hnZy-Isf
Dsm-p. hn-ms hm-hmbn Hcp
Aevam-bs\ (tUm. sPmhmnw \hmtdm
hmkv) \nb-an-p. hn-ms Hcp {]Xn\n- [ n- k w- L s BZy- a mbn Hcp h\nX
(tUm. tacn B sU) \bn-Xpw Atl-ns hmgvN
- m-e
- m-Wv.
ka-bhpw Zqchpw Iog-S--sv Dmb
BtKmf {Kma-ns {]Xo-I-ambn amdn
tPm t]m cm-a. AtX, tPm
t]m cm-a ]mm Hc-pX {]Xn-`m-kam-bn-cp-p. \nco-izc tkzm-[n-]-Xy-ns
tIm-sIm--f-fpw kzmX-{y-\n-tj-[ns aXn-ep-Ifpw B CS-s]-S-ep-I-fn
XIp-ho-Wp. _en aXn Hcp {]XoI-am-bn-cp-p.
ssZh, a\p-jy-hn-cp in-I kzm`mhn-I-ambpw At-ls HXp-m\pw sNdpm\pw {ian-p. km[y-a-sp hy-am-b-

AbpsS s]mtm-a\: Itcm shmbvnh

A Fao-en-b-bpsS aSn-bn
tm hI-h-cp-m {ian-p. Snjv `oIc salvaXv Aen AKvI 1981 sabv 13 \p
_p[- \ mgvN Gsd- psd B eyw
km[nts\. ]t, ]mm ]noSv kmys-Sp-nbXpt]mse ]cn-ip I\ym-am-Xmhv
At-l-ns Poh Imp.
Asmcp _p[-\m-gvNb
- m-bn-cp-p. ^mna-am-Xm-hns Xncp-\m-fp-am-bn-cp-p. Xpd
Pon k-cnv sk v ]otgvkv NXz-cn Fgp-]--m-bn-c-tmfw t]v
BiohmZ Zi\w \Ip-I-bm-bn-cpp
]mm. P\-q-
- n\nv AKvIb
- psS \ndtXm-n \np ]e-X-hW shSn DXnp.
ASn-h-b-nepw he-Xp-tXm-fnepw CS-Xp-ssIbnse Nqp-hn-c-enepw shSn-tb ]mm
""atUm-W, atUmWm'' Fp ssZh-am-Xmhns\ hnfn-p-sImv sk{I-dn tam. \nmhv Unkn-hn-kns (Ctm {Imtmhnse Bv_n-jpw IZn-\m-fpw) Ic-fn-tep Nmp.
Ptan t]mfn-n-\n-n Ap aWn-q
20 an\nv \o ikv{X-{In-b. ico-c-nse
60% chpw \-s-n-cp-p. ASn-h-b-n
Xpf-p-I-b-dnb H]Xp shSn-bp--I IpSens\ ]e- b n- S pw XIn- c p- p. 23
Ctmfw \of-n IpS apdn-p-\o-tn
hp.
]nt-smw t]mp-K ^mna amXmhns khn- [ - a - W v ]mm ]cn- i p
Abvp \n ]d-p. Poh cn--Xn\v. tZl-p-\nv FSp shSn-bp--I-fnsemv 313 app-I-tfmSpw 2679 cXv\--tfmSp-samw Hcp kzW Inco-S-n ]Xnv
^mna \mYbvp kan-p.

temI bph-P-\-kw-K-aw, temI IpSpw_

kt-f\
- w, kmaq-ly-im-kv{X-pw Pohim-kv{X-pw thn-bp s]mn-^n Am-Z-an-I, temI-k-am-[m-\-n\p
thn-bp kh-aX
- {- ]m\ XpS-n-bh
tPm t]m cm-as Zqc-m-gvNbpsS
sXfn-hp-If
- m-Wv.
Fs\ Pohn-Ww Fp am{X-a-,
Fs\ tcmK-]o-UI
- f
- p-sSbpw hm[-Iy-nsbpw kl-\-sf kk-tmjw Gs-Sp- W - s apw Fs\ acn- - W - s apw
Atlw \s ]Tn-n-p.
]mm ]mnkkv tcmK-_m-[n-X\
- msWv 1990 Is-n-bn-cp-p. ]nh-enbp-I-b-, IqSp-X Ia-\n-c-X-\m-hp-I-bmWv
Atlw sNbvXX
- .v 104 hntZ-ib
- m-{X-If
- n-embn
132 cmPy- kin-p. hnam-\-an-d-nb
tijw app Ipn B \mSns ans\
Npw_n-p ]mm-bpsS Nn{Xw Dp-f-ItmsS Hman-p P\-tIm-Sn-I Ap
`qJ-
- f
- n-ep-ap-v. `qan-bn\np N{-\nte- p- - X ns aqt- I m Ccn Zqcw
Atlw Cs\ k-cn-p. AXm-b-Xv
1,247,613 Intem-ao-. 28 XhW tPm t]m
cm-a ]mm temIs hew hp. Cen--Iv Atlw 146 A-kvtXm-enI
bm{X-I \S-n. tdmans sa{Xm F
\ne-bn Ahn-Ss 333 CS-h-I-I-fn 317
epw ]mm Fn.
ssZh-Ic
- p-Wb
- psS khn-tij A-kvtXme-\m-bn-cpp tPm t]m cm-a. ssZhI-cp-Wb
- psS Xncp-\m-fns PmK-cW {]m\-I \S-p-tm 2005 G{]n cn\p
kybvv ]mm Znhw-KX
- \
- m-bn. 482 t]sc
hnip-c
- mbpw 1338 t]sc hmgvs
- -h
- c
- mbpw
{]Jym-]n At-l-ns PohnXwt]mse
ac-Wnepw \nc-h[n dtm-Up-I krnp. GgpXn Xm-dm-nb {]kw-K- Ccp]-Xn-\m-bn-c
- ncw. Hcp ew t]tPmfw
hcp-an-Xv. a\n-e-bn (1995) temI bph-P-\kw-K-a-n Atlw An Znhy-_-enbn ]s-Sp-Xv 40 e-ncw P\. XI-s-Sm temI dtm-Um-WnXv. ac-W-a-S--tm At-l-ns ]qPyi-cocw Zinv BZ-cm-RvPen An-m\pw
40 e-tmfw t] Fn.
dtm-Up-I-fpsS s]cp-a-g-bpsS XpSw
am{X-am-W-Xv. Zriy, {imhy, ASn am[y-a-fpsS 6000 {]Xn-\n-[n-Iv ]mm-bpsS
I_-d-S ip{iq-j-I dntmv sNm
hn-m {]v Hm^okv A{I-Un-t-j
\In. A{I-Un-t-j Cm--hcpw \qdpI-W
- n-\p-m-bn-cp-p. AP-kod DssS
81 cmPy--fn \np 137 sSen-hn-j
irwJ-e-I Atym-]-Nmc ip{iqjbpw
Znhy-_-enbpw Xk-abw kwt{]-Ww
sNbvX-Xmbn hn-ms\ Adn-bn-p. 159

Ime-n\pw temI-n-\p-an-S-bn tPm t]m cm-a Hcp ]me-am-bn. bph-X-e-ap-dbvpw apXn Xe-ap-d-bvp-an-S-bn,
hnizm-knpw Ahn-izm-kn-p-an-S-bn, hnhn[ ss{IkvXh k`-Ipw hnhn[ aX-p-an-S-bn, kwkvIm-c-n-S-bn
ssZh-I-cp-W-bp-sSbpw a\p-jy-a-l-Xz-n-sbpw ]mew. kl-hn-Xz-n-tepw kwhm-Z-n-tepw sFIy-n-tepw
Xncn--dn-hp-I-fn-tepw \bn-p ]mew. hnizm-k-n-tepw k`-bn-tepw bph-P-\-sf hopw Fn-t\m-m t{]cn-n
tPm t]m amPn-ns ck-X{w hen-sbm-c-pX-amWp temI-n\v Cpw.

]nXm-hns XWen: Itcm shmbvnh

ssk\nI DtZym-K
- \
- mb ]nXm-hn-s\mw
cmPy-f
- n \np HutZym-KnI {]Xn-\n[n
kwL- Fn. CXn 10 cmPm-
- mcpw
59 {]kn-Up-amcpw 17 {][m-\a
- {- n-amcpw Bdv
U]yqn {][m-\-a-{n-amcpw aqv Inco-Sm-hIm-in-Ifpw Fv sshkv {]kn-Up-amcpw \mev
]me-sa v kv]oamcpw Ds-Sp-p.
Bi- b - sImpw
Bbp- [ sImpw ]c- k v ] cw t]mc- S n- p
t\Xm- hnem-]-ns Idp--Wnv
]mm-bpsS kwkvImc ip{iq-jI
- f
- n ]sSp ImgvN temI-ns Hma-bn sXfna-tbmsS Dv. bp.Fkv {]kn-U v tPmPv
_pjns Ccn-n-S
- n\nv AIse Ambn-cpp Cdm {]kn-U v apl-Zv J-anbpsS m\w. C{km- t b {]kn- U v
tamsj Ivkm-hns sXmp ]nn-em-bn-cpp
kndnb {]kn-U v _jm A-Zns Ccnn-Sw. Ah tjv lmUv sNp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. knw_m_vth {]kn-U v tdm_v
apKms_bpw {_n-\nse Nmkv cmP-Ip-amc\pw ASp--Sp-m-bn-cp-p. Ahcpw ]ckv]cw ssI sImSpp!
Ncn-{Xs hgn \S-nb B ]c-am-Nmcy
ip{iq-jb
- psS \mhgnbneqsS Htcm {]Z-nW-amWp Nph-sS. P\w B hmgvs
- -h
- s\
alm Fv hnfn-p-X
- ns ImcWw AXneqsS Hv Itm-Sn-m t_m[y-s-Spw.

sabv 18: t]mf- nse htUm-h n-kn

Itcm tPmk^v shmbvnh P\n-p. Itcm
Fm Nmkv. ]mf DtZym-K
- \
- m-bn-cp
]nXm-hns t]cpw Itcm (ko\n-b) Fmbn-cp-p. A Fao-en-b. temev Fmbn-cpp Itcm tPmk^v shmbvn-h-bpsS
Hma-\-t-cv.
Pq 20: ]cn-ip I\ym-am-Xm-hns ImgvNh-b]
v ns ssZhm-eb
-
- n m\-k\
v m-\w.

1929
1932
GI ktlm-Z-c FUva-ns ac-Ww.
saUn- _ncp- Z - [ m- c n- b mb FUv a v
Ctjnv Bcw-`n-nt Dm-bn-cp-p-q.
Hcp tcmKn-bn \np ]I amc-I-amb
]\n-bmWv (kvImsev ^oh) B bph
tUmIvS-dpsS Poh A]-l-cn--Xv. IpSpw_s B acWw km-n-I-ambpw am\kn-I-ambpw Xfn. teme-n-t\-m 15
hbv aq FUvav At-l-n\v ]nXrXp-ey-\m-bn-cp-p.

1937
BZy Ip_m\ kzoI-cn--tm

hnc-lhpw thZ-\bpw Gsd km-\n

htUm-hn-kn \nv ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw
{Imtm-hn-tev Xmakw amp-p. Itcm
tPmk^v shmbvnh bmKnsb temWn-b
kh- I - e m- i m- e - b n _ncp- Z - ] - T - \ - n\p

eq_vfn-\nse Im-enIv bqWn-th-gvkn-nbn kmK-im-kv{X-n-sbpw tamd

Xntbm-f-Pn-bp-sSbpw Akn. s{]m^-k-dm-bn.
]noSv sa{Xm\pw sa{Xm-tm-eo-bpw IZn\m-fp-am-b-tmgpw eqn-\nse A[ym-]I
]Zhn Dt]-n-n.

1939
sk]vXw-_ 1: \mkn ]mfw t]mf-nte-v. A[n-\n-th-i-ns `oI-cX khI-em-im-e-sbbpw _m[n-p-p. Itcm
tPmk^v shmbvnh Ds-Sp Xnb-
{]h-I A {Kun. Hfn-hn-encpp kzmX{y {]tLm-jW
-
- n\nsS Icn Izmdn-bn sXmgn-em-fn-bm-bn. Icn-m-dbn Ipgn-bp-mn shSn-a-cpp \ndv Xo
sImSpv IrXyamb kvt^mS\w \S-p-Xn hnZ-Kv[\
- m-bn-cp-p. As\ s]mn-sSp-p henb ]md--j-W- Bh-iyamb Afhp-I-fn sNn-sbm-XpnsbSpp ]Wnbpw sNbvXp.

1941
Itcm tPmk^v shmbvnh Xopw
A\m-Y-\m-bn. ]nXmhv acn-p. Cm-ev
bpF-sFF F ss{IkvXh A

1958
sk]vXw-_ 28: {Imtmhv AXn-cq-]-XbpsS klmb sa{Xm.

sN-s tUm. Itcm shmbvnh Znhy-ImcpWy kn-[n-bn

apgp-h ]Wn, cm{Xn Hfnpw ]mpw sshZnI-]-T-\w.

1944
\mkn-I F-s\tbm hnhcw aW-d
- nn-p-m-hpw. tPmk^v Itcm shmbvn-hbpsS t]cv Icn- - n- I - b n Ds- p.
Atlw ap sshZnI hnZymnIsmw Hfn-hn t]mbn. {Imtm-hnse
Bv_n-j]v tUm. BUw s^m k]ol- b psS `h- \ - n- e mWv Ah Hfnp
]m-Xv. XXz-imkv{X, ssZh-im-kv{X ]T\- Hfn-hn XpSp. Hfn-Po-hn-X-n-\nSbvv \mkn ]m-f-ns {Sv CSnp ]cpt-p-sh-nepw Ah-cpsS ]nSn-bn s]n-.

\hw-_ 1: Cutim-bpsS ]ptcm-ln-X\

- mbn
A`n-tjIw sN-s-p. k`m-[n-Ir-X ^m.
Itcm shmbvn-hsb tdmanse {]Jym-Xa
- mb
At-enpw kh-I-em-im-e-bn DX
]T-\-n\v Ab-p.

1948
]qW kan-X: bph sshZn-I
Itcm tPmk^v shmbvnh
{Kuv {]m-\-n {]hn-p. \mkn
`oI-cX
- bvv Cc-bm-Ip-h
- sc in-s-Sp-pIbpw hnizm- k - n nc- s - S p- pIbpambn-cp-p {]m-\-ns ZuXyw.
Abpw GI ktlm-Z-c\pw acn--tm
Xs ]cn-ip I\ym-am-Xm-hns\ Fm-sam- a mbn kzoI- c n- n- c p- p. ]noSv B
kaWw tXmqkv Xphqkv Rm
]qW-ambpw \ntXv At-l-ns
B]vX-hm-Iy-am-bn. ]nXm-hns ac-W-tijw
tkmthbv sIan- mn Ib-n-d-pIm- c - \ m- b n. ]noSv ss\v jn^v n
t_mbve AU-dm-bn. hnZym-`ym-khpw \mSI--Iem {]h-\-fpw XpS-cm ]Ww
Is-t-X
- p-m-bn-cp-p.

\mn Xncn-s-nb ^m. shmbvnh

\otKm-hn-nse Huh teUn Hm^v Akw]vj ssZhm-e-b-nepw XpSv {Imtmhn hnip ^vtfmdn-bs ssZhm-e-bnepw kl-hn-Im-cn-bmbn \nb-an-X-\m-bn.
Hw bmKn-sb- tem-Wn-b kh-I-em-im-ebn ]T-\hpw XpSp. ssZh-im-k{v X-n
tUmIvSt- dv t\Snb ^m. shmbvnh pU v
Nmn-\mbn {]hn-p. 1948 Atlw
tUmIvS-tdv t\Sn-b-Xn\p ]nmse t]mfnse Iyq-Wnv `c-WI
- qSw bmKn-sb t- emWn-b kh-Ie
- m-im-eI
- f
- nse ssZh-imkv{X
hIp-p-I AS-p-]q-n.

{]m\m \nc-X-\m-bn-cn-p-p.
kzoI-cn-p.
HIvtSm-_ 22: Xs ]c-am-Nmcy ip{iqj
tPm t]m cm-a kmtLmjw kam-cw`n-p. HIvtSm-_ 22 Bbn-cnpw hmgvs--hs Xncp-\mZn-\w.

P\p-hcn 13: {Imtmhv AXn-cq-]-X-bpsS

Bv_n-j-mbn \nb-an--s-p. IyqWnv km-cns FXnp-aqew 1962 apX
cp-hjw Atlw hnIm Iymn-p-e
(AUvan-\n-kvt{S-) Bbn {]hn-p.
\ntcm-[\w \onb-tm-gmWp sa{Xm-tm-eo-bmbn m\-ta-X
- v.
19621965: cmw hn-m Iuknens Fm skj-\p-I-fnepw ]s-Sp-p.
k` B[p-\nI temI-n (KusZbpw GXv
kvs]kv) F {]am-W-tcJ Xm-dm-p-Xn \nWm-bI ]v hln-p.

1967
Pq 26: IZn-\m-fmbn Db-s-p.

1972
tkmgvkkv Hm^v dn\yq-h (\ho-I-c-Wns Dd-hn-S-) F {Kw {]kn-s-Sp-n. cmw hn-m Iukn-ens
{]t_m- [ - \ - Xs AXn- c q- ] - X - b n
{]mhn-I-am-m\pw {]N-cn-n-m\pw \Snb {ia-f
- mWv IZn-\m tUm. Itcm
shmbvnh Cu {K-n hnh-cn-p--Xv.
t]mf- nse Iyq- W nv `c- W - I qSw
k`bvpw hnizm-k
- n-\p-sa-Xntc \S-nb

]qW-ambpw \n-fp-tSXv: ]mm m\tv Xnc-s-Sp--sv tPm t]m

cm-a F t]cv kzoI-cn tijw sk v
]otgvkv _kn-en-b
- psS ap-m-hn {]Xy-s-t- m
\o--sf-sbmw Cm-ev AXn-i-ambn Atlw {]Xn-tcm-[n-n-cp-p.

1978

1942
]ptcm-ln-X-\mbn ]qW kan-X-\m-Im\p ssZh-hnfn Iptd-m-e-ambn At-ln\v A\p-`-h-s-Sp-p-m-bn-cp-p. ]nXmhns ac-W-tmsS AXn\p in-tb-dn.
1942 {Imtm-hnse A{Kuv skan\m-cn-bn Itcm tPmk^v shmbvnh ]T\w
Bcw-`n-p. sIan- ^mIvS-dn-bn ]I

hnt\m-Z-nepw {]m\: Xpg-n-en-\n-S-bn bph sshZn-I Itcm shmbvnh

1964
\hm-`n-jn-: sa{Xm-\mbn A`n-tjIw

1946

1920

InUv\n-pw lrZ-b
- n\pw tcmKw _m[nv
A- b psS ac- W w. teme- n\v Inv
H]Xp hbkmbncpp Atm.

Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-`-: Itcm shmbvnh

1953

tNcp-p. \S, \mS-I-Ir-v, Ihn, Imbn-IXmcw Fo \ne-I-fn- {it-b-\m-Ip-p.

^pSv t _m Soans tKmfn- b m- b n- c p- p.
""dm^vtkm-UnIv Xnb-d
- n'' AwK-am-Ip-p.

k`m cmP- I p- a m- c : t]m Bdm- a

am]m Bv_n-j]v Itcm shmbvnhsb IZn-\m-fns Nph sXmn AWnbn-pp

HIvtSm-_ 16: A-kvtXme {]ap-J-\mb

hnip ]t{Xm-kns 263-m-as ]nKm-anbm-bn, k`-bpsS 264-m-as am]m--bmbn
Xnc-s-Sp--s-p. A{Un-b Bdm-a-\p
tijw (152223) C-enp ]pd-p-\nv Hcp
am]m-. t]mf-n\nv BZy-am-sbmcp
am]m-. ]obqkv H]-Xm-a\p tij-ap
(184678) Ghpw {]mbw Ipd am]m-.
tPm t]m cm-a Fv Ahn-Sv t]cp

BZ- c - t h- d nb Btjw: t]mf- nse

ss{]tapw Xs hgn-Im-nbpw Iyq-Wnv
`oI-c-hm-gvN-bvs-Xnsc k`-bpsS ]S-\m-bI-\p-ambncp IZn-\m tUm. s^m
hnjnkvInsb tPm t]m cm-a
]mm BZ-ct- hmsS Bt-jn-pp
\hw-_ 5: Aokn kinv hnip
{^mknkv Ao-kn-bp-sSbpw, km acnb
skm{]m an\h kinv kob--bnse
hnip I{Xo- \ - b p- s Sbpw kzKob
am[yyw t\Sn. C-en-bpsS kzKob a[y-cmWv Cu hnip-. Cu hnip--cpsS
I-d-I nXn sNp-Xv ta-d
e--fnse _kn-en--I-fn-em-Wv.
\hw-_ 12: tdmans sa{Xm F \nebn sk v tPm em-d _kn-en
Gs-Sp-p. tdmans sa{Xms `{Zm-k\
ssZhm-eb
- a
- m-WX
- v.
Unkw-_ 5: tdmw cq]-X-bnse hnhn[
CS-hI
- I
- f
- n CSb ki-\w.

te- mWp ]mm t]mb- X v . 10 Znhkw

ZoLn B bm{X temI Ncn-{X-ns KXn
Xncn-p-hn-p. t]mf-nepw Ing- bqtdmnepw \nco- i zc GI- I n (dpta- \ nb
t]mep cmPy--fn GI hyn, GI
IpSpw-_) Iyq-Wnv tkzm-[n-]Xy cmPy-fpsS IS-]p-g-n. _en aXn hoWp.
Pa\nI Hm-bn. HSp-hn tkmhn-bv
Iyq-Wnv km{amPyw am{X-a
- , tkmhn-bv
bqWn-b\pw XIp.
Pq 30: ]Xn-\-p-t]sc IZn-\m
m\-tv Dbn-smv Xs hmgvNm-es BZy Ikn--dn. CXn HcmfpsS t]cpw \nb-a-\hpw ""C s]IvtXmsc''
Bbn-cp-p. cl-ky-am-n-hp Fw.
ssN\-bn \np IZn-\m tUm. CKvt\jykv IpwKv ]n--sabv Bbn-cpp AXv.
1991 Pq 28 \mWv At-l-ns t]cp
{]kn-s
- -Sp-n-bX
- .v AXm-bX
- ,v hn-m-ssN\ _w sa-s--Xn\p tijw.
sk]vXw-_ 29: C-enp ]pdv aqmas A-kvtXm-enI bm{X. AbeUntepw Ata-cn--bn-te-p-ap B bm{X
HIvtSm-_ Ggp-hsc \op.
HIvtSm-_ 2: \yqtbmn bpF P\d Akw-nsb ]mm A`n-kw-t_m-[\
sNbvXp.
HIvtSm-_ 25: kn\-U-\-c A-kvtXmenI {]t_m-[\w ""Im-tkn {StZ-tmtb''
{]kn-o-Ic
- n-p. Cm-eL
- -
- nse hnizmk
]cn-io-e-\-amWp hnj-bw.

1979
P\p-hcn 24: APo-\b
- pw Nnenbpw Xnep AXnn X-n a[y-X
hln--W-sa A`y\ tPm t]m
cm-a am]m kzoI-cn-p-p. bpns htm-fs
- a-nb B Xw ]cn-lcn--s-Sp-p.
P\p-hcn 25: C-enp ]pd-tv BZy
s CSb ]cy-S-\w. sUmao-\n- dn-nn-tepw s^{_p-hcn Hn\p saIvkn-tmbn-tepamWp ]mm t]mb-Xv. saIvkn-tmbn-te-p bm{X-bn _lm-ak
- n tmv
Hmh Dm-bn-cp-p.
amv 15: tPm t]m cm-as BZy
Nm{In-It- e-J\w dntZw-tXm tlman-\nkv Cdn. a\p-jy-Ip-e-ns Apw hosSp-p-amWp hnj-bw.
Pq 2: C-enp ]pdv cm-as AkvtXm-enI bm{X. amXr-cm-Py-amb t]mf-n-

]pWy-kv]iw: hmgvs- aZ sXtcksb tPm t]m cm- a ]mm

kvt\lm-ZchpI-tfmsS kzoI-cn-pp
\hw-_ 4: IZn-\m Xncp-kw-L
- ns
Hmw o\dn Akwn hnfn-p-Iq-p-p.
tdma Iqcn-b-bpsS LS-\, hn-ms
km-nI nXn, k`-bnse h-am-\Ime kml-Nc
- y- XpS-nb Imcy-f
- mWv
\mep Znh-ks kt-f\w N sNbvXX
- .v
\hw-_ 28: C-enp ]pdv \mem-as
A-kvtXm-enI bm{X. Sn-bn cp Znhkw. Hm-tUmIvkv k` Cu ki-\n-s\-Xntc Ass{I-kX
v h
- a
- mb Xc-n-ep
FXnpw {]Xn-tj-[hpw Dbn.
(tijw t]Pv 10)

Xom-S-I-\mb ]mm

10

2011 sabv 1 Rmb

Xom-S-I-\mb ]mm
(9-mw t]Pv XpS)
]t kss`-Iy-ns ]mX shn-sfnv tPm t]m cm-a aptdn FXv
]nme Ncn-{Xw. BZys {it-ba
- mb
A\p-cR
- P
v \w Dm-bXv tImn-t\m-nfnse (Cumw- _ q) Hm- t UmIv k v
]m{Xn-bo-kp-am-bn-m-bn-cpp FXpw
{it-bw.
1979: _lm-am-kv, {K\m-U, Pssa-, amen
Fo cmPy-f
- p-ambn ]cn-ip knwlm-k\w
\b-X-{-_w m]n-p-p.

t^m kbk-kn \np {]Xn-\n-[nkw-Ls Ata-cn-, tkmhn-bv bqWn-b,

{_n, {^mkv Fo cmPy--fp-sSbpw
sFIy-cm-j{v S-k`- b
- p-sSbpw {]kn-Up-am-cpsS
]-tev ]mm Ab-p. AWzm-bp-[-
Ah {]tbm-Kn-p--hp t]mepw B]m-Ip-sa kXyw Ahsc t_m[y-s-Spp-Ib
- m-bn-cpp Dt-iyw. CXp kw_-nv
s]mn-^n- Am-Zan Hcp ]T-\-tcJ
Xm-dm-n-bn-cp-p.
1981: knwK-q, tSmtSm, sUmao-\n-, CIztm-dn-b Kn\nb Fo cmPy-f
- p-ambn ]cnip knwlm-k\w \b-X-{-_w Bcw`n-p.

1980
G{]n 4: ZpxJ-sh-n-bm-gvN. hn-m\n sk v ]otgvkv _kn-en-b
- n ]mm
Ip-km-c
- q-n-en-cpv hnizm-kn-If
- psS Ipkmcw tIp-p.
sabv 2: C-enp ]pdv Am-as
A-kvtXm-enI bm{X. 10 Znhkw ZoLn
Cu bm{X-bn kb, dn-nv Hm^v
tImwtKm, sImdn-b, A thm, sFhdn
tImv Fo cmPy-f
- n-emWv ]mm Fnb-Xv.

a-bpsS ]mTw: salvaXv Aen AKvI

sb Pbn-en kinv tPm t]m cma ]mm kwkm-cn-pp
sabv 30: C-enp ]pdv Bdm-as
AP- ] m- e - \ - b m- { X. Pq cp- h sc
{^mkn.
Pq 2: ]mco-kn bps\-kvtIm-bpsS
Bm-\v ]mmbvp hc-thv, A`nkw-t_m-[\
- .
Pq 21: Ata-cn- {]kn-U v Pnn
Im hn-m-\n-sen ]cn-ip ]nXmhns\ kin-p.
Pq 30: C-enp ]pdv Ggm-as
AP-]m-e\
- b
- m-{X. {_ko-en-te-v. Pqsse 12
hsc \op B bm{X.
sk]vXw-_ 26: sa{Xm-m-cpsS kn\-Uns Am-aXv P\-d Akwn tdman
hnfn- p- I q- n. B[p- \ nI temIv
ss{IkvXh IpSpw-_
- f
- psS ]v Bbn-cpp
hnNn-\ hnj-bw.
\hw-_ 15: ]na Pa-\n-bn \mep
Znh-ks A-kvtXm-enI ]cy-S-\w. Cenp ]pd-v ]mm-bpsS Fm-as bm{X.
Unkw- _ 2: cm- a s Nm{InI
teJ\w (Zoshkv C antk-cn-tImZnb
ssZh-ns alm-Ic
- p-Ws
- b-
- n) {]kn-oI-cn-p.
Unkw-_ 31: Ft{KPntb hnp-nkv
(]pWy-ns Ap-X
- s
- f-- n) F Akv t Xm- e nI enJnXw {]kn- - s - S p- n.
hnip _\-Un-IvSn-s\mw hnip kndn-fns\bpw hnip satm-Un-bq-kn-s\bpw
bqtdm-ns kl-a
- y-c
- mbn {]Jym-]n-p-XmWv Cu tcJ.
1980: {Kokv, knw_m_vth Fo cmPy-

kam- [ m- \ - s a Zm\w: ]e- k v X o

AtXm-dnn {]kn-U v bmk Ad-^mv
hn-m-\n-sen tPm t]m cm-as\
kin-t- m.

BZ-c]
- m{Xw: C{km-tb-ense apJy blqZ
dm-bvam-cmb sabnem-hphpw (CS-Xv) Genbmlp _mn-tZm-d\pw (he-v) ]mmsb
kinv Hcp {Kw D]-lm-ca
- mbn kanpp
-fp-ambn ]cn-ip knwlm-k\w \b-X{- _w m]n-p.

1981
s^{_p-hcn 8: Itm-en-- b
- l
- q-Z _-fn \nWm-b-I-amb \mgn-I-p \mnsmv tdmanse apJy ]ptcm- l n- X
dmbv Gentbm tSm]p-ambn tPm t]m
cm-a ]mm IqSn-mgvN \S-p-p.
In-\m-cn-bn hnip Imtem-bp-sSbpw
hnip _nbm- K n- t bm- b p- s Sbpw CS- h I
kin-p--Xn-\n-sS-bmWv ]mm CXn\p
kabw I-Xv.
s^{_p-hcn 16: C-enp ]pdv H]Xm-as A-kvtXm-enI bm{X. 27 hsc
ZoLn Cu ]cy-S-\-n ]mn-m,
^nen-okv, Kphmw, Pm, AemkvI
Fn-hn-S
- f
- nemWv ]mm Fn-bX
- v.
sabv 13: h[-{i-a-n Kpcp-X-c-ambn ]cpt-p-sh-nepw c-s-Sp-p. ^mna
amXm-hns Xncp-\m Bbn-cpp Av.
Xs c-s-SpnbXv ]cn-ip I\y-Imam-Xm-hm-sWp ]mm ]noSp ]d-p.
hn-m NXz-c-n XSn-p-Iq-Snb ]Xn\m-bn-c
- v s]mXp-Zi-\hpw BiohmZhpw \In-smv Xpd Pon kcn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp ]mm. AsXmcp _p[\m-gvN-bm-bn-cp-p. kabw sshIov 5:19.
Snjv `oI-c salvaXv Aen AKvI
]mm-bpsS t\p ]e-X-hW shSn-h-p.
Ptan Bip-]-{Xn-bn BdpaWn-q-dntesd \o ikv{X-{In-bbvv ]mm hnt[b-\m-bn. Xs tZlp Xpf-p-Ib
- d- nb shSnbp-I
- f
- n-semv Hcp s]mIn-co-S
- n Ddnv ^mna amXmhns khn-[-n-senb ]mm AXv ]cn-ip A-bpsS inckn Nmn.
sabv 17: ikv{X-{In-bbvp tijw BZyambn ]mm s]mXp-Zi\w \Ip-p.
Ptan t]mfn-n-\n-n Xs apdn-bpsS
P\m-eb
- vc
- n-In hv Atlw Xmsg XSnp- I q- S nb Bbn- c - - W - n\v BfpIsmw {XnIme P]w sNmn. ""Fs
shSn-h ktlm-Zc
- \
- p-thn {]mn-mw.
Rm Abm-tfmSp ]qW-ambpw an-n-cnpp'' P\-q--tmSv ]mm ]d-p.
sabv 17: ]cn-ip knwlm-k-\-ns
km-nI Imcy- IqSp-X Imcy-ahpw kpXm-cy-hp-ambn ]p\-{I-ao-I-cn-p-Xn-\p-thn IZn-\mam-cpsS {]tXyI
Iukn-en\p ]mm cq]w \In.
Pq 3: ]cn-ip ]nXmhv 22 Znhkw
ZoLn Bip-]-{Xn-hm-k-n\p tijw
hn-m-\nse A-ktv Xm-enI Ac-a\
- b
- n
Xncn-s-n.
Pq 20: AWp-_m-[ I-Xns\ XpSv
]mmsb hopw Ptan t]mfn-n-\n-n
{]th-in-n-p. BKv An\p cm-asXmcp ikv{X-{Inb \S-n. BKv 14 \p
]mm hn-m-\n Xncn-s-p-Ibpw
BKv 16 \v th\me hk-Xn-bmb
Im Ktmt^m-bn-tep t]mhp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. sabv 13 apX BKv 14 hsc
BsI 78 Znhkw ]mm Bip-]-{Xn-bn
sNe-h-gn-p.
sk]vXw-_ 14: aqm-as Nm{In-It- eJ-\-amb et_mtcw FIvkvsNtkkv
(sXmgn-ens aln-as
- b-- n) {]kn-s
- -Sp-n.
Unkw-_ 12: s]mn-^n- Am-Zan

1982
P\p-hcn 6: ssN\-bnse k`sb A`n-kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sImv Imcn-m-nkv
{InkvXn (tbip-hns kvt\ls {]Xn)
F A-kvtXm-enI enJnXw {]kn--sSp-n.
s^{_p-hcn 12: C-enp ]pdv ]mas A-kvtXm-enI bm{X. ss\Po-cn-b,
s_\o, Kt_m, Kzn\nb Fo cmPy-fmWv aqp Znh-ks bm{X-bn ]mm
kin-X
- v.
G{]n 1: ]cn-ip- knwlm-k-\-ntep {_n- \ n \np BZys
m\-]X
- n-bpsS \nb-aa
- \
- ]
- {- Xw kzoI-cn-p.
`mcybpw cmn-bp-amb ImX-dos\ hnhml-tam-N\w \Sn Bt_m-fn F
sImmcw ]cn-Nm-cn-Isb hnhmlw Ign-m\p At] am]m \nc-kn--Xnt\
XpSv k` hnp- t ]m- b n. kzw k`
m]n sldn Fm-as Ime-n\p
tijw {_n\pw ]cn-ip knwlm-k-\hpw
\b-X-{-_w ]p\-m-]n-p-I-bm-bn-cpp B Ncn{X \nan-j-n.
1982 sabv 12: C-enp ]pdv 11-m-as
A- k v t Xm- e nI bm{X. t]mp- K - e n

temIw sRnb \nanjw: salvaXv

Aen AKvIb
- psS tXmn \np shSnbp--I-tfv Pon hogp tPm t]m
cm-a ]mm
BKv 29: 15-m-aXv hntZi bm{X dnnv Hm^v km aco-t\m-bn-te-v. ApXs C-en--Iv 28-m-as CS-b-ki\w dnan-\n-bn-te-v.
sk]vXw-_ 15: ]e-kvXo t\Xmhv
bmk Ad-^mv hn-m-\n-sen ]cnip ]nXm-hp-ambn kzImcy IqSn-mgvN \Sp-p. ]n-ta-jy-bn \oXn-]qh-amb kam[m-\
- n\v i-amb Blzm-\w. e_\\n
\nbp {]kn-Upw ss{IkvX-h-\p-amb
s_o Pa-tb h[n-s
- -nv Atm
A[nIw Znh-k
- Bbn-cp-n-.
HIvtSm-_ 31 \hw-_ 9: Bhne
bnse hnip A t{Xky-bpsS al--c-ans \memw iXm_vZn BtLm-j
- f
- n
]s-Sp-m kvs]bn-\n-te-v. C-enp
]pdv ]mm-bpsS 16mw bm{X.
\hw-_ 23: IZn-\m Xncp-kw-L
- ns
cmw o\dn kt-f\
- w. tdma Iqcn-bb
- psS
\ho-I-c-W-am-bn-cpp aqp Znh-ks
kt-f-\-ns apJy Nm-hn-j-bw.
\hw-_ 26: c-bpsS hnip hcw
]mm {]Jym-]n-p-p. 1983 se henb
t\mp-Imew apX 1984 Cuhscbmbncpp hnip h-cw.
1982: sUmv , t\mth, kzoU-
Fo cmPy-f
- p-ambn ]cn-ip knwlm-k\w
\b-X-{-_w m]n-p.

1983

cmP- I obw: Fen-k-_v cmnbpw

`mhv ^nenv cmP-Ip-am-c\pw hn-m\n tPm t]m cm-a ]mmsb
kinpp
^mn-a-\m-Y-bpsS khn-[-n-te-m-bncpp AXv. aqp Znhkw ]mm t]mp-Ken Dm-bn-cp-p. t\ct ]cm-ain
IncoS kaWw Dm-bXv Cu bm{X-bnem-Wv.
sabv 28: Pq cp-hsc {_n-\n AkvtXm-enI ]cy-S-\w. C-enp ]pdv 12m-as bm{X.
sabv 29: Im_-dn-bnse Bwn-
Io-{U-en Im_dn Bv_n-j]v
tUm. tdm_v dkn-tbm-sSmw FIyq-sa\n- {]m-\m-ip-{iq-jb
- n ]mm ]sSp-p. kss`Iy Ncn-{X-n AXv \mgn-I-m-bn. Itm-enBw-n- kwbp
ssZh-imkv{X Io-j cq]-h-cn-psa {]Jym-]-\-ap-m-bn.
Pq 7: Ata- c n- {]kn- U v
sdmWmUv sdbvK hn-m-\n-sen
]mm-bp-ambn IqSn-mgvN \S-n. \oXnpw
kam-[m-\
- n\pwthn {]hn-p-sav
kwbp {]Jym-]-\w.
Pq 11: C-enp ]pdv 13-ma
- s Akv t Xm- e nI bm{X APo- \ - b n- t e- v .
t^mveUv Zzo]ns\ kw_-nv {_n\pw
APo-\bpw Xn-ep-mb bp-amWp
]m-e
- w. 12 \p ]mm Xncn-s-n.
Pq 15: C-enp ]pdv 14mw bm{X.
kznvkeUnse P\o-h-bn C\m-jW te_ HmK-ss\-tk-js 68mw
skjs\ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNm-\m-bncpp Hcp Znh-ks ki-\w.

P\p-hcn 6: c-bpsS 1950mw hmjnIw

{]am- W n- p hnip hcw {]Jym
]npsImv As-cot t]mmkv tdsZwtXmcn (c-I\
- mbn hmXn-ep-I Xpd-n-Sphn) F t] _qf {]kn-s
- -Sp-n.
P\p-hcn 25: ]pXnb Imt\m \nb-a-kwlnX {]Jym-]n-p-sImv kmt{I Znkn-ot\
tesKkv (hnip Iogvh-g---fpsS \nb-a) {]kn--s-Sp-n.
s^{_p-hcn 2: 18 t]sc IZn-\mamcmbn
Dbn-smv cmw Ikn-d
- n.
amv 29: C-enp ]pdv 17-m-as
bm{X. enkv_ (t]mp-K), tIm-dn, \n-cm-Kz, ]m\-a, Fkmh-tZm,
Kzmn-am-e, tlmp-dm-k,v s_eo-k,v slbvXn
Fn-hn-S- kin-p.
amv 24: kzoUnjv Aw_m-kU
- d- psS \nba-\-]{Xw ]mm kzoI-cn-p. 456 hjs
CS-th-fbvp tij-amWv kzoU ]cn-ip
knwlm-k-\-hp-ambn \b-X-{-_w ]p\xm-]n-X
- v.
amv 25: hnip h-c-ns DZvLmS\w kmtLmjw ]mm \nh-ln-p. Sqdn\nse Xncp---bpsS ssIh-im-h-Imiw
m\-{`--\mb Dwt_tm cmPm-hv ]cnip ]nXm-hn\v ssIam-dn-b-Xmbn hnm shfn-s-Sp-n. HcmgvN apm-bn-cpp
Dwt_tm-bpsS ac-Ww.
Pq 1623: t]mf-n-tev A-kvtXmenI ]cy-S\
- w. C-enp ]pdv 18-ma
- s
bm{X.
BKv 14, 15: ]mm eqZn- t ev
({^mkv) 19mw hntZ-ib
- m{X.
sk]vXw-_ 1013: Hmkv{Sn-b-bn-te-v.
20mw hntZ-ib
- m-{X.
sk]vXw-_ 29 HIvtSm-_ 29: sa{Xmm-cpsS kn\-Uns Bdm-aXv km[m-cW
P\-d Akw-n. {]mb-n-hpw A\p-cRvP-\hpw k`m ZuXy-n F-Xm-bncpp Nm-hn-j-bw. Bbp-[--bw Ahkm-\n-n-m Ata-cn-t- bmSpw tkmhn-bv
bqWn-bt- \mSpw Bh-iy-s-Sp-sav kn\-Un
]mm shfn-s-Sp-n.
(tijw t]Pv 11)

\b-X{ s]cp-a-tb-dnb ]c-am-Nm-cy

2011 sabv 1 Rmb

\b-X{ s]cp-a-tb-dnb ]c-am-Nm-cy

(10-mw t]Pv XpS)
HIvtSm-_ 16: temIs ]cn-ip I\ymam-Xm-hn\p {]Xn-jT
v np kan-p-p. kn\Un ]s-Sp-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp IZn-\mamcpw
_nj-p-amcpw CXn ]s-Sp-p.
\hw-_ 5: amn eqY-dns 500mw PhmjnIw {]am-Wnv t] Iv. kss`Iy-n\v Blzm-\w.
Unkw-_ 11: tdmanse eqY-d ssZhmebw tPm t]m cm-a kin-p-

bn-cpp A-kvtXm-enI ]cy-S-\w.

Unkw- _ 11: dn Noem- k ntbm
Gv s]\n-tknb (A\p-c-RvP-\hpw
{]mb-n-h
- pw) F kn\-Um-\c AkvtXm-en-Im-lzm\w {]kn-s
- -Sp-n.
1984: Ata-cn--bp-ambn Dm-bn-cp \bX-{-_w A-ktv Xm-enIv \pjn-tb-,
Fw_kn Xe-n-tev Dbn ]qW-amn. sk v eqkn-b, kmthm tXmta BUv
{]nn- t , skbv s jkv , tkmf- a

Ncn-{X-]p-cp-j-m: kuv B{^n- {]kn-U v s\k ate tPm t]m

cm-a ]mm-tbm-sSmw
p. {]m-\m-ip-{iq-j-bnepw Atlw
]s- S p- p. BZy- a m- b nm- b n- c pp Hcp
am]m eqY-d k`-bpsS Bcm-[-\m-e-bn-se-p-X
- v.
Unkw-_ 27: salvaXv Aen AKvIsb
]mn-n-cp sd_o-nb Pbn-en Fn
tPm t]m cm-a Abmsf kinp. AKvIt- bmSv Hbvv ]mm ZoL-t\cw
kwkm-cn-p.
1983: t\m, s_eo-kv Fo cmPy-fp-ambn ]cn-ip knwlm-k\w \b-X-{_w Bcw-`n-p.

1984
s^{_p-hcn 11: kmhn^nn sUmtfmcnkv (kl-\-ns ss{IkvXh A-Xe-) F sslnI {]t_m-[\w ]pds-Sp-hn-p.
s^{_p-hcn 24: ]cn-ip knwlm-k\
- hpw
Cm-en-b dn-npw Xn-ep em-d
sImtImZmv (Icm) ]pXpn ]pXnb
sImsImZmv Hnp.
amv 29: k\y-kvXp-th-n-bp
A-ktv Xm-enI {]t_m[\w tdsZw-tXm-cnkv
tZm\pw (c F km-\w) {]kn--sSp-n.
G{]n 20: Pdp-ktew \Kcw kIe
(GI-ssZ-h) hnizm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw s]mXp
hnip ss]XrI `qan-bm-sWpw ]n-tajy-bn kam-[m-\-n\v Cu [mcW Bhiy-am-sWpw hy-am-p tdsZw-tXm-cnkv
Btm (c-bpsS hjw) F AkvtXm-enI enJnXw {]kn-o-I-cn-p.
sabv 212: C-enp ]pdv 21-m-as
bm{X. ZnW sImdn-b, ]mph \yqKn-\n,
tkmf-a Zzo]p-I, XmbveUv Fn-hn-S-fn-em-bn-cpp A-kvtXm-enI bm{X.
Aem-kvIb
- n tmv Hmh Dm-bn-cp-p.
Pq 1217: ]mm kznvkeUn. 22m-as hntZ-ib
- m-{X.
sk]vXw-_ 3: Ckv{S-Ivj Hm
tk Bkvs]-IvSkv Hm^v en_-td-j
Xntbm-fPn hnizmk kXy-m-bp
Xncp-kwLw {]kn--s-Sp-n.
sk]vXw-_ 920: ]mm Im\-U-bn.
C-enp ]pdv 23-m-aXv A-kvtXm-enI
]cy-S\
- w.
HIvtSm-_ 2: _ln-cm-Imiw a\p-jy-Ipe-ns s]mXp-kz-m-sWpw D]-{K-l m]n-p-Xpw _ln-cm-Imi t]SI- hnt-]n-p-Xpw \nb-{n-m
\oXn-]qh-amb cmPym-c [mc-WI
- DmI-W-sapw ]mm {]Jym-]n-p-p.
HIvtSm-_ 1012: ]mm-bpsS 24-ma
- Xv hntZi-bm-{X. ktKmk (kvs]bn) kmtm
sZmao-tm, sUmao-\n- dn-n-,v kmPphm-kv, ]yqtm-dntm Fn-hn-S
- f
- n-te-m-

sFeUvkv Fo cmPy-f
- pambn ]cn-ip
knwlm-k\w \b-X-{-_w m]n-p.

1985
P\p-hcn 26 s^{_p-hcn 6: C-enp
]pdv 25mw bm{X. sh\n-tkz-e, CIztUm, s]dp, {Sn\n- U mUv BUv
sSmt_tKm Fo cmPy- - f n ]mm
Fn.
s^{_p-hcn 11: BtcmKy ip{iq-jm-cwKp {]hn-p-h
- mbn s]mn-^n Io-j cq]-h-cn-p. sFIy-cm{
k` {]Jym-]n bph-P\ hj-tm-S\
- p-_nv temI-sa-p-ap bph-P\
-
- sf A`nkw-t_m-[\ sNbvXv ]cn-ip ]nXm-hns
Iv.
amv 30, 31: tdman ]mm {]Ya temI
bph-P-\-kw-Kaw kwL-Sn-n-p.
sabv 1121: ]mm t]mf-v, eIvkw-_Kv,
_Pnbw Fo cmPy--fn-te-v. 26-m-aXv
hntZ-ib
- m-{X-bm-bn-cpp AXv.
sabv 25: ]pXp-Xmbn 28 t]sc IZn-\mamcmbn Dbn-smv ]mm-bpsS aqmw
Ikn--dn.
Pq 2: kvemthmcpw Atm-kX
v en (mhv
hwi-Pc
- psS A-ktv Xm-e
- m) F \memw
Nm{InI teJ\w {]kn--s-Sp-n.
BKv 819: hntZ-i-tv 27mw bm{X.
tSmtKm, sFhdn tImv, Ima-dq, dnnv Hm^v sk{S B{^n-, kb,
sI\n-b, samtdm-tm Fo cmPy-f
- mWp
]mm kin--Xv.
sk]vXw-_ 8: ]mm enss-\n-tev. 28mw hntZ-i-bm-{X.
\hw-_ 17: P\oh D-tIm-Sn-tbm-S-\p-_nv bpFkv {]kn-U v sdmWmUv
sdbvK\pw bpF-kF
v- k
- B
v- `c-W
- e
- h
-
anJm-bn tKm_-tmhn\pw ]mm hyn]-c-amb kt-i- Ab-p.
\hw-_ 2123: tdma Iqcnb ]cn-jvIcnp ]p\x-kw-LS- n-n-p-Xp kw_-np
IZn-\m Xncp-kw-L-ns aqmw o\dn.
\hw-_ 25Un-kw-_ 8: cmw hnm Iukn kam-]n--Xns 20mw
hmjnIw {]am-Wnv sa{Xm-m-cpsS kn\Uns cm-as Akm-[m-cW P\-d
Akw-n.
1985: ]cn- i p knwlm- k - \ - h p- a mbn
enss \b-X-{-_w m]n-p.

1986
s^{_p-hcn 110: tPm t]m cm-a
]mm Cy-bn. 29-m-as hntZ-i-bm-{X.
G{]n 5: en_- d m- nkv tImkn-

sbjy (ss{IkvXh kzmX-{yhpw hntamN-\-hpw) F {]t_m-[\ tcJ hnizm-kk-Xy-mbp Xncp-kwLw {]kn-oI-cn-p-p.

G{]n 13: tdmanse kn\-tKmKv k
inv ]mm Ncn{Xw krn-p-p. BZy-ambmWv Hcp am]m GsX-nepw kn\tKmKnse-p-X
- .v dmbv Gentbm tSm^pw
tdmanse blqZ kaq-l-ns {]kn-U v
Kytmtam km_m\pw tNv ]mmsb hcth-p. Ah-tcm-sSmw ]mm {]mn-p.
sabv 30: Am-as Nm{In-I-te-J\w
tZman\pw Gv hnhn-mtw (Imhpw
Poh-Zm-bI
- \
- pw) {]kn-s
- -Sp-n.
Pqsse 18: ]mm sImfw-_n-b-bnepw
kmm eqkn-bb
- nepw. 30-ma
- Xv hntZ-ib
- m-{X.
Pqsse 15: Z-hn-tam-N-\- kw_n ]pXnb N--fpsS kwlnX {]kn-s-Sp-n.
BKv 26: hnip AK-kvXot\mkns
am\-km-c
-
- ns 16mw iXm_vZn BtLmj-tm-S-\p-_-nv AK-kvXo\pw lntms\tkw F A-kvtXm-enI enJnXw
{]kn--s-Sp-n.
HIvtSm-_ 47: C-enp ]pdv 31-maXv A-kvtXm-enI bm{X. {^mkns
Ingpw ]Sn-mdpw taJ-eI
- f
- n-em-bn-cpp
t] ki-\w.
HIvtSm-_ 27: Ao-kn-bn 12 temI
aX-f
- psS t\Xm- DssS \qn-A]tXmfw {]Xn-\n-[n-Isf hnfn-p-Iqn Ah-tcmsSmw temI-k-am-[m-\-n-\mbn ]mm
{]mn-p. ]nKman _\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\mdm-a\pw B ]Xnhv XpS-cp-p.
\hw-_ 18 Unkw-_ 1: _wm-tZ-iv,
knwK-q, ^nPn, \yqkn-emUv, Hmkvt{Sen-b, skbvsjkv Fn-hn-S--fn-tev
t] bm{X. ]mm-bpsS 32-m-aXv hntZi
bm{X.
1986: Kzn\n-b, Kzn\n-b--_nm-hp, km
acot\m Fo cmPy- ]cn-ip knwlmk-\-hp-ambn \b-X-{-_w Bcw-`n-p.

1987
t]mf-nse Iukn Hm^v ]onkv
{]kn-U v (AXm-bXv Iyq-Wnv ]mn
ta[m-hnbpw `c-W
- e
- h
- \
- pw) P\. thmbvkosbv bmdp-skkvIn-bp-ambn hn-m\n {]tXyI IqSn-m-gvN.

11

\n-bn-te-v. 34-m-aXv hntZ-i-bm-{X.

Pq 6: bp.Fkv {]kn-U v sdmWmUv
sdbvK hn-m-\n-tev HutZym-KnI
ki\w \S-p-p.
Pq 8: acn-bh
-
- cw kmtLmjw DZvLmS\w sNp-p.
Pq 814: ]mm t]mf-n-te-v. Cenp ]pdv 35-m-aXv bm{X.
sk]vXw-_ 1021: ]mm Ata-cn--bntepw Im\- U - b n- t epw (t^mv
knw]vk) CS-b-bm{X \S-p-p. Cenp ]pdv 36-m-as bm{X.
HIvtSm-_ 1: k`-bnepw temIpw
Aevamb hnizm-kn-If
- psS hnfnbpw ZuXyhpw
kw_-nv sa{Xm-m-cpsS kn\-Uns GgmaXv km[m-cW P\-d Akw-n.
Unkw-_ 3: tImmn-t\m-n-fnse
FIyp-sa-\n- ]m{Xn-bokv am Znan{Xn-tbmkv hn-m-\n-sen ]mmsb
kin-p-p.
Unkw-_ 30: apX-em-fn-Xz-n-sbpw
Iyq-Wn-k-n-sbpw Xn-Isf FSp-pIm-nbpw Hcp-t]mse A]-e-]npw Ggmas Nm{In-I-te-J\wskmfn-Nn-XyqtZm
tkmNym-enkv (kmaq-ly-Im-cy--sf-p-dnp Nne DXvI-WvT-I).

1988
amv 3: ]cn-ip knwlm-k\
-
- ns hchp-sN-ehp IW-p-I (hn-ms _Pv) BZy-ambn ]c-ky-s-Sp-p-p.
sabv 718: C-enp ]pdv 37-ma
- Xv bm{X.
bpdp-Kzm-bv, s_mfo-hn-b, s]dp, ]cm-Kzmbv
Fo cmPy-f
- n-te-v.
Pq 2327: hntZ-it- v 38-ma
- Xv bm{X.
Hmkv{Sn-bb
- n-te-v.
Pq 28: tdma Iqcnb \ho-I-cn-p-sImp A-kvtXm-enI `c-W-L-S-\--]mkvtXm t_mWqkv{]-kn-s
- -Sp-n.
Pq 28: ]pXp-Xmbn 24 t]sc IZn-\mamcmbn Dbn ]mm-bpsS \memw Ikn-dn.
1988: hnaX Bv_n-j]v sews^Uv
s{_bp-ambn _-s--hv amXr-k-`-bpambn ]p\-ssc-Iy-s-Sm hgn-sbm-cp-m
Io-js\ \nb-anv Ft-knb tZbn (ssZhns k`) F A-ktv Xm-enI enJnXw
Cd-n.
sk]vXw-_ 1019: C-enp ]pdv
39mw bm{X. knw_m-_vth, t_mSvkzm\,
setktm, \yqkn-emUv, samkmw-_nv
Fo cmPy-f
- mWp kin-X
- v.
sk]vXw-_ 30: kv{XoI-fpsS Apw
hnfnbpw kw_-n apfn-tb-cnkv Unn-

{]Xyb imkv{X--pdw: Iyq-Wnv Iyq_-bn-tev {]kn-U v ^nU

Imkvt{Sm tPm t]m cm-a ]mmsb hc-thpp
P\p-hcn 17: tPmZm-\nse A_vZp
cmPmhv hn-m-\n-sen ]n-ta-jy
nXn-K-Xn-I N sNp-p.
amv 25: Bdm-as Nm{In-I-te-J\w
tdsZw-tXm-cnkv amt (c-Is A)
{]kn--s-Sp-n. ""A-m kv{XoXz''
ns Da amXr-I-bmbn ]cn-ip I\yI-am-Xm-hns\ Ah-X-cn-n-p-p.
amv 31 G{]n 13: bpdp-Kzm-bv, Nnen
Fn-hn-S
- f
- n-tepw cm-aXv temI bphP-\-kw-K-a-n ]s-Sp-m APo-\bnse _yqWkv sFdn-kn-tepw t]bm{X. C-enp ]pdv ]mm-bpsS 33-m-aXv
A-kvtXm-enI ]cy-S-\-am-bn-cpp AXv.
G{]n 30sabv 4: ]mm ]na Pa-

mtw F A-kvtXm-enI enJnXw

{]kn--s-Sp-n.
HIvtSm-_ 811: hntZ-it- v 40-ma
- s
bm{X. {^mknse kv{Smkv _pKv, savkv,
\mkn cq]-X-I-fn-te-v.
Unkw-_ 30: k`-bnepw temIpw
Aevamb hnizm-kn-If
- psS hnfnbpw ZuXyhpw
kw_-nv {InkvXn^nsZsekv embvn
F A-kvtXm-enI {]t_m-[\w {]kn-s-Sp-n.
1988: B{^n- cmPy-amb NmUv ]cnip knwlm-k-\-hp-ambn \b-X-{-_w
m]n-p.
(tijw t]Pv 12)

ssZh-I-cp-W-bpsS D]m-k-I

12

2011 sabv 1 Rmb

ssZh-Ic- p-Wb
- psS D]m-kI
-
(11mw t]Pv XpS)

1989
amv 811: Ata- c n- - b nse
sat{Sm-tm-en- Bv_n-j
- p-amcp-ambn ""Ata-cn-b
- nse {]tXyI
kml-Nc
- y-f
- nepw kmwkvIm-cnI
]m- - e - nepw kphn- t ij
{]tLm-jWw'' F hnj-b-sn IqSn- b m- t em- N - \ . hnizmk
{]Nm-c-W-n A[ym-]-I-s\
\ne-bn sa{Xms tdmfpw hnm-\n \S Cu kt-f\w
N sNbvXp.
G{]n 28sabv 6: hntZ- i tv 41mw bm{X. aU-Km-kvI,
dobq-Wn-b, kmw_n-b, aemhn
Fo cmPy- kin-p.
sabv 27: bp.Fkv {]kn-U v
tPmPv _pjv (ko\n-b) hnm-\n-sen ]mmsb kinp.
Pq 110: hntZ-i-tv 42mw
bm{X. t\mth, sFkvemUv,
^nemUv, sUmv, kzoU
Fo cmPy- kin-p.
Pq 17: t]mfv ]cn-ip
knwlm- k - \ - h p- a mbn
\bX{_w ]p\x-m-]n-p
BKv 1921: \mem-aXv temI
bph-P\
- k
- w-Ka
-
- n ]s-Sp-m
]mm kv s ]bn- \ n- t e- v . 43mw
hntZ-ib
- m-{X.
BKv 27: cmw-temI almbpw Bcw- ` n- - X ns 50mw
hmjnIw {]am-Wnv A-kvtXmenI enJnXw {]kn--s-Sp-n.
sk]vXw-_ 7: e_-\n kam[m\w ]p\x-m-]n-m temI-Xe-n {]m\m Zn\w. e_-\\nse nXn- K - X n- I - s f- p- d nv
Fm sa{Xm-mpw ]mm-bpsS
Iv. hnp-ho-gvNbvp Xm-dm-IW-sav Ckvemw aX hnizm-kn-ItfmSv ]mm-bpsS A`y-\.
sk]vXw-_ 29: Im_dn
Bv _ n- j ]v tUm. tdm_v
dkn hn- m- \ n- s en
]mmsb kin-p.
HIvtSm- _ 2: ]mmbpw
Im_dn Bv_n- j pw
kwbp {]Jym-]\w Cd-n.
HIvtSm-_ 616: hntZ-it- p
44mw bm{X. ZnW sImdn-b,
Csm-\o-jy, audo-jykv Fo
cmPy- kin-p.
HIvtSm-_ 6: hn-m-\n-tev
tkmhn-bv bqWnbs {]kn-U v
anJm- b n tKm_- t m- h ns
ki-\w. GsX-nepw tkmhn-bv
{]kn-U v GsX-nepw am]m-sb
kin-p-Xv BZy kw`-hw.

1990
P\p-hcn 25s^-{_p-hcn 1: hntZi- t v 45mw bm{X. tIv
shtZ, Kzn\nb _nm-hp, am,
_po\ ^mtkm, NmUv Fo
cmPy- kin-p.
s^{_p-hcn 9: ap Iyq-Wnv
cmPy-amb lwKdn ]cn-ip knwlmk- \ - h p- a mbn \b- X - { - _ w
m]n-p.
amv 15: ]cn-ip knwlm-k\w
A-kvtXm-enIv \pjntbm Xenepw tkmhn- b v bqWn- b
kv s ]j Aw_m- k - U Xenepw \b-X{- -_w Dbpsav Adn-bn-v.
G{]n 21, 22: sNtm-tm-hmIy-bn A-ktv Xm-enI ki-\w.
]mm-bpsS 46-ma
- Xv hntZ-ib
- m-{X.
sabv 614: ]mm saIvkn-tmbn-tepw Ipdm-m-thm-bn-tepw.
47mw hntZ-ib
- m-{X.
sabv 2527: ]mm am-bn-tev. 48mw hntZ-i-bm-{X.

sk]v X w- _ 110: hntZ- i tv 49mw bm{X. Smkm-\n-b,

_dp-n, dphm-, sFh-dn-tImv
Fo cmPy- kin-p.
sk]vXw-_ 30H-IvtSm-_ 28:
sshZnI ]cn-io-e\w kw_-nv
sa{Xm-m-cpsS kn\-Uns Fm-aXv
P\-d Akw-n.
sk]vXw-_ 30: ]uckvXy k`I-fpsS Imt\m \nb-a-kw-lnX
{]kn--s-Sp-n.
Unkw-_ 7: Fm-as Nm{InI-te-J\w tdsZw-tXm-cnkv ann
tbm (c-Is ZuXyw) {]kn-s-Sp-n. kphn-tij {]Nm-c-Wns ASn-b-c kz`m-h-amWv
D-S
- w.
1990: Iyq-Wnv cmPy--fm-bncp _ptK-dn-bbpw sNv dnnpw dpta-\n-bbpw av GXm\pw
cmPy-fpw ]cn-ip knwlm-k\
- hp-ambn \b-X{- -_w m]n-p.

1991
P\p-hcn 15: K^v bpw Hgnhm-m CS-s]-p-sImv CdmJv
{]kn- U v kmw lpssk\pw
Ata-cn- {]kn-U v tPmPv
Fv . Uyp _pjn\pw ]mm
Is-gp-Xp-p.
amv 4, 5: K^v bpw t\cnp

_nj-p-am sk v ]otgvkv _knen- - b n ]mm- t bm- s Smw

{]mn-p-p. t{]m- v hn-hn\p tij-ap BZy kw`-hw.
HIvtSm-_ 1222: ]mm {_koen-te-v. 53mw hntZ-i-bm-{X.
\hw- _ 28Un- k w- _ 14:
bqtdm-n-\p-thn sa{Xm-m-cpsS
kn\-Uns hnti-jm kt-f\w. \s kzX-{-cm-nb tbiphn\v kmn-I-fm-bn-cn-t--Xn\v
F-Xm-bn-cpp hnj-bw.
1991: At_-\n-b, Ftm-Wn-b,
emvhnb Fo cmPy- ]cnip knwlm-k-\-hp-ambn \b-X{-_w m]n-p.

1992
P\p-hcn 12: Iyq-Wnv bptKmmhy hnL-Sn-p-mb s{Imtbjy, smth-\nb Fo cmPysf ]cn- i p knwlm- k \w
AwKo-Ic
- n-p.
s^{_p- h cn 1926: hntZ- i tv 54mw bm{X. sk\-K,
Kmw_n-b, Kzn\nb Fo cmPy-
kin-p.
G{]n 7: kn\-U-\-c AkvtXm-enI {]t_m-[\w ]mkvtXmsckv Zmt_m thm_nkv (\n
p Rm CS-b-msc \Ipw)

Cysb s\n-ten: Cy lb-cmn m]n-X-am-b-Xns

iXm_vZn hj-amb 1986 Zi-Zn\ CSb ]cy-S-\-n-s\-nb tPm
t]m cm-a ]mm {][m-\-a{n cmPohv Kmn-tbmSpw tkmWnbm
Kmntbm-Sp-sam-w.
_m[n-p Ggp cmPy--fnse {]kn-o-I-cn-p.
Ggp ]m{Xn-bo-kp-am Ds
sabv 13: s^{_p-hcn 11 Fm
sS k`m-[n-Ir-Xc
- psS tbmKw hn- hjhpw tcmKn-Ip thnbp {]tXyI Zn\- a m- b n- c n- pm-\n.
G{]n 4: a\p- j y- P o- h - s \- sap {]Jym-]n-p.
sabv 25: Im_dn Bv_nXnscbp shp- h n- f n- I - s f- pdnpw, hnhn[ skIvSp-If
- n \np j]v tUm. tPmPv Imcn hn-mk`-bvp {]Xn-k-n-I-sf-p- \n-sen ]mmsb kin-p.
Pq 410: hntZ-it- v 55mw
dnpw IZn-\m Xncp-kw-L
- ns
\mem-aXp o\dn kt-f\
- w.
bm{X. BtKm-f, kmthm-tXm-ta,
sabv 1: H]-Xm-aXv Nm{In-I-te- {]nns Fn- h n- S - - f n
J\w sNt-kn-aqkv Bqkv ki-\w.
Pqsse 15: ]cn-ip ]nXmhv
(\qdmw hj-n) {]kn-s
- -Spn. setbm ]Xn- a q- m- a s Ptaen t]mfn n\n-n. IpShnJym- X - a mb Nm{In- I - t eJ\w en ikv{X-{In-b. ]n-kn
tdcpw s\mhmcpw Cd-n-b-Xns \ow sNbvXp. 1981 sabv 13 \v
AKvIbpsS tXmn\np shSn100mw hj-am-bn-cpp AXv.
sabv 1013: ]mm t]mp-K-en- bp--I-tfv ]mm-bpsS IpS
Iptd apdnp \on-bn-cp-p.
te-v. 50mw hntZ-i-bm-{X.
Pq 28: ]mmsb Bip-]-{XnPq 110: ]mm t]mf-n-tebn \np UnkvNmPv sNbvXp.
v. 51mw hntZ-i-bm-{X.
Pq 28: IZn- \ m m\Pqsse 29: C{km-tb-ensbpw ]cntv 22 t]sc Dbn-smv ip knwlm- k - \ - n- s bpw
kwbp Io-j cq]-h-cn-p.
Amw Ikn--dn.
HIvtSm-_ 914: emn AtaBKv 1320: Bdm-aXv temI
bph-P\
- k
- w-Ka
-
- n ]s-Sp-m cn- sa{Xm kan- X n- b psS
]mm t]mf-n-te-.v sNtm-tKm- \memw P\-d tIm^-dkn
h, {Imtm-hv, htUm-ho-kv Fo ]s-Sp-m ]mm kmm sZmao- m-{X.
\K-c- kinp. 52mw hntZ- tm-bn-te-v. 56mw hntZ-ib
i-bm-{X.
\hw-_ 16: ^otZbn tZtm-
HIv t Sm- _ 5: kzoU- \ nse knpw (\n \nt-]n-s
hnip {_nPn-ns\ hnip--bmbn hnizm-kw) F A-kvtXm-enI
{]Jym-]n-X
- ns Bdmw iXm_vZn `c-W-L-S\ {]kn--s-Sp-n.
Unkw-_ 7: Itm-en k`BtLm- j - t m- S - \ p- _ - nv
AhnsS \np cp eqY-d bpsS thtZm-]t- Zi kwlnX Hu]-

Nm-cn-I-ambn ]mm Ah-X-cn-n-p.

1992: s{Imtb-jy, smth-\n-b,
bps{I-bv, kzmkn-eUv, awtKmfn-b, Ata-\n-b, Akss_-Pm,
tPmPn-b, tamtUm-h, dn-nv
Hm^v \ucp, InKn-m, saIvkntm, Ikm-n-m, Dkv_
- nm, _em-dp-kv, t_mkv\n-b- slk tKmhn\ Fo cmPy-
]cn-ip knwlm-k\
- h
- p-ambn \bX-{-_w m]n-p.

1993
P\p- h cn 1: sNv dn- nns\bpw tmhmv dn-n-ns\bpw ]cn-ip knwlm-k\w
AwKo-Ic
- n-p.
P\phcn 15: bqtdm Hmdn-b-menkv F tamp t{]m{]ntbm Cdn. djybvpw Ing- bqtdm-nse
k`-Ipw thn-bp s]mn-^n Ioj m]n-p.
P\p- h cn 25: FIyp- s a- \ n- k n\p (kss`Iy ]cn-{i-a-)
amK-tcJ {]kn--s-Sp-n.
s^{_p-hcn 310: hntZ-it- v
57mw bm{X. s_\o, DKm-,
kpUm Fo cmPy- k
in- p. B{^n- - b v p- t hn
tdman 1994 {]tXyI kn\Uv
hnfn-p-Iq-p-sap {]Jym-]n-p.
G{]n 25: ]mm At_-\nb-bn-te-v. \nco-izc cmPy-sav
HutZym-Kn-Ia
- mbn {]Jym-]n-s
- -np AhnsS \mep sa{Xm-msc
A`n-tjIw sNbvXv lb-cmn
m]n-p. 58mw hntZ-i-bm-{X.
Pq 9: FtXym-]y HmtUmIvkv k`-bpsS ]m{Xn-bo
kv A_q\ ]utemkv hn-m\nsen ]mmsb kin-p.
Pq 1217: ]mm kvs]bn-\nte-v. 59mw hntZ-i-bm-{X.
BKv 915: Fm-aXv temI
bph-P\
- k
- w-Ka
-
- n ]s-Sp-m
]mm-bpsS 60-m-aXv hntZ-i-bm-{X.
Pssa-, saIvkn-tm, sUh
Fn-hn-S- kin-p.
sk]vXw-_ 4-10: tkmhn-bv
bqWn-b\
- n \np NnXdn dn-np- I - f mbn amdnb entXz- \ n- b ,
emv h nb, Ftm- W nb Fo
cmPy--fn ki-\w. ]mmbpsS 61-ma
- Xv hntZ-ib
- m{X.
HIvtSm-_ 5: ]m-aXv Nm{InI
teJ\w thcn-m-nkv kvs
tUm (kXy-ns {]`) {]kn-s-Sp-n.
\hw-_ 11: HmUn-bkv lmfn s]mXp-Zi\w \Ip--Xn\nsS hoWp ]mm-bpsS heXp
tXmfn\p ]cp-v. Ipg sXn Akly-amb thZ-\. Hcp Znhkw ]mm
Ptan Bip-]-{Xn-bn Ign-p.
Hcp amk- t v he- X pssI
nwKn CtS-n-h
- p.
Unkw-_ 26: Itm-en k`bpsS BtKmf IpSpw-_Z- n\w DZvLmS\w sNbvXp
Unkw-_ 30: C{km-tb-ep-ambp \b-X-{-_-s \nWbn-p Nne ASn-m\ [mc-WI-fn Hp-h-p.
1993: amj sFeUp-I
]cn-ip knwlm-k\
- h
- p-ambn \bX-{-_w m]n-p.

1994
P\p- h cn 1: s]mn- ^ n-
Am- Z an Hm^v tkmjy
kbkkv m]n- p- s Imv
kbjymcpw Csh- k v X n- K mkntbms\kv F tamp
t{]m{]otbm Cd-n.
P\p-hcn 11: skan-\mcn A[ym]-I-cpsS ]cn-io-e\w kw_-n
\ntZ-i--fpsS kwlnX Itmen hnZym- ` ym- k - n- \ m- b p
Xncp-kwLw {]kn--s-Sp-n.

s^{_p-hcn 2: cmPym-c IpSpw_

hjm-Nc- W
- t- m-S\
- p-_
- nv IpSpw_-v ]mm-bpsS Iv.
s^{_p-hcn 9: s]mn-^n-
Am-Zan t^m sse^v m]np-sImv hot ankvtX-cnbqw
(Pohs alm- c - l - k yw) F
tamp s{]m{]otbm Cd-n.
amv 18: P\-kw-Jy-sbbpw hnIk-\s
- bpw kw_-nv sk]vXw_-dn Ibvtdm-bn cmPym-c
kt-f\w tNcp-X
- ns ]m-e-n temIs Fm `c-Wm[n-]-mpw bp.F sk{I-dn
P\-de
- n\pw ]mm-bpsS Iv.
G{]n 7: cmw-temI alm-bp-Im-ev Iq-p-cpXn sN-s
blq-Zv hn-m-\n kwKoX
kvarXn. ]mmbpw tdmanse No^v
dmbv Gentbm tSm^pw ]sSp-p.
G{]n 10 sabv 8: B{^n-bvp-th-n-bp {]tXyI kn\Uv. B{^n--bnse k`bpw cmbn-c-am-ns\ ey-anv Ah-fpsS
hnizmk {]tLm-jW ZuXyhpw
F-Xm-bn-cpp hnjbw.
G{]n 28: hogvN-bn ]mmbpsS XpS- s b- n\v HSn- h p- ] - n.
]ntv Ptan Bip-]-{Xn-bn
{]th-in-n-p.
sabv 13: hn-ms AXn
n- p- n Hcp anm- a Tw
m]n-p-p.
sabv 22: ]ptcm-ln-X-]w ]pcpj-mp am{Xw Fv Bhnp- s Imv temIs sa{Xmmv HmZn-\m-kntbm kttZmm-enkv F A-kvtXm-enI
enJn-Xw.
Pq 2: bpFkv {]kn-U v
_n n hn-m-\n-sen
]mmsb kin-p.
Pq 13: aqmw kl-{km-_vZns Pq_n-env Hcp-m IZn\m Xncp-kw-L
- ns Am-aXv
o\dn tbmKw.
Pq 15: ]cn-ip knwlm-k\hpw C{km- t bepw bYm- { Iaw
A-kvtXm-enIv \pjn-tb-,
Fw_kn Xe- n \b- X - { _w kam-cw-`n-p-p.
sk]v X w- _ 10, 11: ]mm
s{Imtb-jy-bnse kms{K-_n-te-.v
62mw hntZ-ib
- m-{X.
HIv t Sm- _ 229: k`- b nepw
temI- nepw kan- X - c psS
hnfnbpw ZuXyhpw kw_-nv
sa{Xm-m-cpsS kn\-Uns H]Xm-aXv P\-d Akw-n.
HIv t Sm- _ 20: ]mm- b psS
]pkvXIw t{ImknwKv Zv {Xtjm
Uv Hm^v tlmv ({]Xym-i-bpsS
]Sn-hm-Xn IS-p-tm) 31 `mjI-fn Cd-n.
HIvtSm-_ 25: ]nF-Hbpw
(]e-kvXo en_-td-j HmKss\-tk-j) ]cn-ip knwlm-k\hpw ""nchpw HutZym- K nI
kz`mham- X p- a mb'' _w
Bcw-`n-p.
\hw-_ 10: cm-bn-cm-am-nse
alm-Pq-_n-enp aptmSn-bmbn
tXkntbm ant-\ntbm BZvsh\n-sbs (aqmw kl-{km-_vZn-tep \mw \on-sm-n-cnt) F A- k vtXm- e nI
enJnXw ]pd-s-Sp-hn-p.
\hw-_ 26: IZn-\m m\tv 30 t]sc Dbn-smv
Bdm-aXv Ikn--dn.
Unkw-_ 13: IpSpw-_-hjn temI- s a- p- a p IpnIv ]mm-bpsS Iv.
Unkw-_ 26: ssSw amK-kn
tPm t]m cm-a ]mmsb
am Hm^v Zn Cb Bbn Xncs-Sp-p.
1994: s^U-td-Uv tvkv Hm^v
ans{Im- t W- j y,
kpcn- \ mw,
tPmUm, kuv B{^n-,
Iwt_m-Un-b, sht ktam-h,
C{km- t b, h\- h mp, tSmwK,
amkn-tUm-Wn-b Fo cmPy-
]cn-ip knwlm-k\
- h
- p-ambn \bX-{-_w Bcw-`n-p.
(ASp ew XpS-cpw)

2011 sabv 1 Rmb

]ntm \yq-\-]---fpsS t\Xr-Xzw

sIF-kn-F Gs-Sp-Ww:
_nj]v hnsk v kmap-h
s\m-nIc: ]ntm \yq-\]-- hn`mK-fpsS apJ-y-[mc
{]th-i-\-n\v eo Itmen- Duw ]Iv, kwc-I-cmbn t\Xr-Xzw Gs-Sp--Wsav _nj]v hnk v kmaph. CU-y P\m-[n-]X
- yw Bdv
]Xn-mp ]nn-Sp-tm `c-WL
- S-\m-kw-c
- I
- c
- m-tI-h
- t]mepw
\oXn-\n-tj-[-I-cmbn Xcw-Xm-gp-tm [mnI aqe-y--fne-Sn-bpd kl-\-am-n\p am{Xta
CU-ysb aptmp \bn-m-\m
Iq. \qm-p-I-fmbn `mc-X-nse
kmaq-ly hnZ-ym-`-ymk imkv{X
BXpc ip{iqjm cwK--fn
Xym- t Km- - z - e - a mbn t\Xr- X zw
sImSp- hn`m-K-amWv eo
Itm-en-s
- cpw s\m-nIc
cq]Xm sIF- k n- F ss{X
hmjnI {]Xn-\n[n kt-f\w
DZvLm-S\w sNbvXv _nj]v hn
sk v kmap-h ]d-p.
sI-F-kn-F cq]Xm {]kn-U v
sP. klm-bZ- mkv A[-y
- X
- - hlnp. hnImcn P\-d tam. Pn.
{Inkv X p- Z m- k v , ^m. sUnkv
Ipam, Aevamb t^mdw sk{Idn tXmakv sI.-o-^, AU-z.
Un. cmPp, hn.-F-kv.-A-cp XpS-

s\m-nIc cq]X sIFknF

{]kn-U v sP. klm-bZ- mkpw P\d sk{I-dn _n. Pkpw
n-b-h {]kwKn-p.
]pXnb `mc-hm-ln-Ifmbn sP.
klm-b-Zmkv ({]kn-U v), _n.
P-kv (P\-d sk{I-d
- n-), ]n.-kn.
tPmPv ({Sj-d-), Pn o-kv,
kp\n hnsk v (sshkv {]knUp-am-), Fkv.-H. jmPn-Ip-am,
Un.-sP. amK-cv (sk{I--dn-am-),
Pn. t\i- (cm{ob Imc-y-k-anXn
sNbam-), Fkv. tkhy- (hn
Z-ym-`y- mk kanXn sNbam-), sP.
_Wm-Uv (km-nI kanXn
sNbam-), Un.-Pn. A\ntPm-kv
(am\-h-tijn hnI-k\ kanXn
sNbam-), B. kp\n- (Iemkmw-kvIm-cnI ImbnI kanXn
sNbam-), kn. At^mk
(kv{Xoim- o- I - c W kanXn
sNbt]-gvk-) -Fn-hscbpw
Xnc-s-Sp-p.

aZy-hn-cp t]mcm--n hnp-ho-gvN-bn:

_nj]v sXs-s-t-cn
hnP-b]
- pcw: h[n-p-hc
- p aZy]m-\-ioew aqew [man-I-Xbpw
aqey-t_m-[hpw tIc-fk
- a
- q-l
- n\v
\- s - p- s Im- n- c n- p- I - b msWpw GXp apWn A[n-Im-cn- s e- n- b mepw aZy- h n- c p
t]mcmw hnp-ho-gvN-bn-msX XpScp- s apw hnP- b - ] pcw _nj]v
tUm. sk_m-y sXs-st-cn {]kvXm-hn-p. hna-e-Kncn
]m-d sk-dn cq]Xm ]md Iukn tbmKw DZvLmS\w sNbvXp kwkm-cn-p-Ib
- m-bncpp sIkn- _ nkn aZy- h n- c p
Io-j sNbam IqSn-bmb
_nj]v sXs-s-t-cn. ""aZyhn-cp cq]X F eyw t\Sm\p amK-'' F-Xm-bn-cpp
apJy Nm-hn-j-bw. hnImcn P\d tam. tPmkv \hkv A[yX hln-p. ^m. AK-n Id-bv, AUz. sPbv sPbnw-kv,
^m. o^ ]p]- d - n,
sk_m-y ]Xym-e, amXyp Ipf-

hna-e-Kncn ]m-d sk-dn cq]Xm ]m-d Iukn tbmKw

_nj]v tUm. sk_m-y sXs-s-t-cn DZvLm-S\w sNpp.
hnImcn P\-d tam. tPmkv \h-kv, tPmbn v sk{I-dn AUz. sPbv
Pbnwkv Fn-h kao-]w.
a-w, ]n.F-kv. B-Wn, sI.]n.
tPm, kn. B\-v, tPmk^v
sk_m-y, ^m. tPmk^v Xdbn XpS-n-b-h N-Iv
t\XrXzw \In. ^m. tkhy
amq-n Iho-\-dmbn aZy-hncp Ia-]--Xn-I Bhn-jvI-cnp--Xn-\p Hcp tIm Innpw cq]w \In. sIkn-_nkn

^m. _m-sem Un-{Iq-kv \n-cym-X-\m-bn

Xn-cp-h-\--]p-cw: hn-izm-k k-aq-l-n amXr-I-bpw {]-tNm-Z-\-hp-am-bn-cp- _m-sem Un{Iq-kv A- (79) \n-cym-X-\m-bn. \o- 40 hjw A-Xn-cq-]-X-sb ssZ-h-kv-t\-l-n e-bnn-m {i-an- sshZn-It- {i-jT
v \m-bn-cp-p ^m.
_m-sem Un-{Iq-kv.1932 sk-]v-Xw-_ 15\v ]p--tXm-v C-S-h-Ibn k--dn-bm-kn-s-bpw A-K-o-\-bp-sS-bpw
a-I-\m-bn-m-bn-cp-p _m-sem Un-{Iq-kn-s P- v ssl-kvI
- q hn-Zym-`ym-kw ]q^m. _m-sem Un-{Iq-kv \-\w. sIm-
n-bm-n 1948- sk-an-\m-cn-bn tN- _msem B-ep-h sk v tPm-k-^v sk-an-\m-cn-bn \n-v X-Xz-im-kv-{X-hpw
ssZ-h-im-kv-{X-hpw ]Tn-v 1960 am-v 12\v ]m-f-bw sk v tPm-k-^v-kv Io-{U ssZhm-e-b-n h-v ssh-Zo-I-]-w kzo-I-cn-p. ]p-Xp-p-dn-n
C-S-h-I-bn A-kn- v hn-Im-cn-bm-bn-m-bn-cp-p B-Zy-\n-b-a-\w. C-cp-]-tm-fw C-S-h-I-I-fn hn-Im-cn-bm-bpw ]p-p-hn-f, ]p-Xp-p-dn-n s^mtdm-\-I-fn s^m-tdm-\ hn-Im-cn-bm-bpw tk-h-\-a-\p-jvTn-p. 2000 H-tm_ c-n-\v Hu-tZym-Kn-I-Po-hn-X-n \n-v hn-c-an- ^m. _m-sem Un{Iq-kv {]o-v tlm-an hn-{i-a-Po-hn-Xw \-bn-p-h-cn-I-bm-bn-cp-p.

aZy- h n- c p Io- j ap
kwm\ sk{I- dn Pn
{_qkv hnj-bm-h-X-cWw \S-n.
sIB-Fknkn {]Xn-\n-[n-Ifmbn AUz. sPbv sPbnw-kv, kn.
B\-v, t{Xkym ambn Fnhsc ]m-d Iukn Xncs-Sp-p. at\mPv hn. t]m
\n ]d-p.

sIkn-sshFw
Iq cq]X
Ia-]-Xn {]Im-i\w

\h-Zi Icn-b ssKUkv

skan-\m-dp-I XpSn
Fd-Wm-Ipfw: hcm-pg AXn-cq-]X \h-Zi kwL-Sn-n-n-p Icnb ssKUkv skan-\m-dp-I AXn-cq-]-X-bnse hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fnembn Bcw-`n-p.
AkwJyw tImgvkp-I-sfbpw ]cn-ioe\ m]-\--sfbpw ]cn-N-bs-Sp-p Cu skan-\m-dn Hmtcm hnZymnpw A`n-cp-Nn--\p-kcn tImgvkp-I-sf-p-dnv hni-Z-ambn Adn-bm-\p Ah-kcw ]qW
hnh-cW
- t- msS Ah-Xc
- n-n-p-pv. Bbn-c
- ncw tImgvkp-Isf
]cn-N-b-s-Sp-p--tXm-sSmw Hmtcm tImgvkp-Ifpw \S-p m]\--sf-p-dn-p hnh-c-Whpw Ah-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-I-sf-p-dnpw
khn-kvXcw {]Xn-]m-Zn-p-pv. {]th-i\ am\-Z--fpw {]th-i\
]co--I-sf-p-dn-p hnh-c-W-fpw hy-amn \Ip-p-v.
Cu hjw Fkv-F-kv-Fkn ]co Fgp-Xnb hnZymn-Ipw
Ah-cpsS amXm-]n-Xm-p-amWv skan-\m-dn {]th-i\w \Ip-Xv. {]th-i\w kuP-\y-am-sW-nepw CS-hI
- I
- f
- n {]hn-p hnZym`ymk kan-Xn-I hgntbm t\cntm apIqn t]cv cPn- sNphsc
am{Xta skan-\m-dn ]s-Sp-n-p-Ib
- p-q-shv \h-Zi Ub-dI
- vS
^m. BWn Ad- Adn-bn-p.
G{]n 17 \v Beph taJ-e-bn-em-Wv skan-\m-dn\v XpSw Ipdn--Xv.
Cv (Hv) Io-{U taJ-e-bn \S-p skan-\m cmhnse 9.30
\v Fd-Wm-Ipfw sFF-kv {]kv tdmUn {]hn-p \h-Zi
HmUn-tm-dn-b-n \S-pw. D-bvp-tijw 2.30 apX hSp-Xe taJ-ebpsS skan-\m hSp-Xe sk v B-Wokv kvIq lmfn \S-pw.
Ieq taJem skan-\m Fn\v cmhnse 9.30 \v Ieq Atm-Wn-b
lmfnepw sshn taJe kvIq anw \h-Zi tImfPv HmUn-tm-dnb-n D-bvp- tijw 2.30 \pw Bcw-`n-pw. 15 \v Iq\-mhv taJ-ebpsS skan-\m sk v ^ntem-an-\mkv ]mcnjv lmfn cmhnse 9.30
\pw ssXqSw taJ-e-bpsS aqtSw sk v tacn amKvZ-en ]mcnjv
lmfn Dbvp tijw 2.30 \pw \S-pw. If-a-ticn taJem skan\m 22 \v cmhnse 9.30 apX If-a-ticn enn ^vfh Fn-\o-bdnwKv Cn-yq-n \S-p-X
- m-bn-cn-pw.

13

Iq cq]X sIkn-sshFw Ia-]-Xn ^m. tPmk knta-Xnv

\In _nj]v tUm. hKokv Nm-e- {]Im-i\w sNp-p. Ubd-IvS ^m. {Inn Fw. kao-]w.

hnk v Un t]m skmsskn

IpSn-sh--]--Xn klm-bw
Xncp-h-\--]pcw: sk v hnk v Un t]m skmsskn Xncp-h-\-]pcw sk{S Iukn-ens Iogn {]hn-p hn-bq
]cn-ip Aa-tem-h amXm tIm^-dkv hmjn-It- m-S\
- p-_
- nv
sk v tPmk^v lb skdn kvIqfn GI-Zn\ [ym\w kwL-Sn-np. s\m-nIc cq]X Inn CS-hI hnImcn ^m. tPmkv tXmakv
t\XrXzw \In. tIm^-dkv {]kn-U v Ub-\o-jykpw tIm^dkv AwK-fpw [ym\ Hcp-- \S-n.
]cp-n-pgn sk v tPmk^v tIm^-dkv 10 \n[-\-cmb IpSpw_-v IpSn-sh ]-Xnv \Inb tam, Smv, ss]v XpS-n-bh-bpsS hnX-cWw CS-hI hnImcn ^m. Btm tPmdokv \n-ln-p.
\tImSv Xncp-lr-Zb tIm^-dkv, sk v BWn RmqtmWw
CS-hI
- , kvt\lm-{i-aw, km[\ dnssh-h sk, t_mbvkv Su ahn-f,
tPymXn sk Ipam-c]
- p-cw, Fkv Fv tImsh v ae-bw, k_v Pbn
t^mv, Bim-`h
- ]qP-pc XpS-nb e- kinv Ahv th
`-Ww, hkv{Xw XpS-nb \ntXym-]t- bmK km[-\
- hnX-cWw sNbvXp.
ahnf enn ^vfh tIm^-dkv hmjn-I-tm-S-\p-_-nv
\n[-\-cm-b-hp [\-k-lmbw hnX-cWw sNbvXp. CS-hI hnImcn
^m. BWn kt-f\w D-ZvLm-S\w sNbvXp.
]pbn-Xpd sk v sXtck tIm^-dkv hnX-cWw sNbvX 60,000
cq]-bpsS ay---hS hmbv] CS-hI hnImcn s{^Un tkmf-a\pw, Cchn-]p-Xpd sk v tPmk^v tIm^-dkv \Inb 55,000 cq]bpsS ay---hS hmbv] ^m. lman-sepw, sk v B{Uqkv CS-hI-bnse sk v BWn tIm^-dkv \Inb 50,000 cq]-bpsS IhS hmbv] CS-hI hnImcn ^m. dk Ct-jykpw hnX-cWw sNbvXp.
{]kvXp NS-p-Iv sk{S Iukn `mc-hm-ln-I-fmb {]knU v {_. tPm t_mkvtIm, sk{I-dn {_. k{In-b-kv, {_. Pqk
s^Wm--kv, {_. B{Uq-kv, {_. tdmfn s^Wm-kv XpS-n-bh t\XrXzw \In.

IpSn-sh ]-Xn-v \Inb tamtm, Smv, ss]v XpS-n-b-h-bpsS

hnX-c-tWm-ZvLm-S\w ^m. Btm tPmdokv \nh-ln-pp

Iq: sIkn-sshFw Iq
cq]X 2011 hj-nse Ia-]Xn _nj]v tUm. hKokv Nme- sIkn- s shFw cq]X
Akn.
Ub- d - I vS
^m.
tPmk knta-Xnv \In
{]Im-i\w sNbvXp. {]kn-U v
jmPn amq A[y-X hln-p.
{InkvXob hnizmkw hniz-kmtlm-Z-cy-n\v F ]T-\-hn-jbs ASn- m- \ - a m- n- b p
{]h-\
- f
- n-eqsS kp-Nn-XX
- zns then-s-p-I s]mfnv
a\p-jys\ thXn-cn-p hn`m-Kob-X-I-p-d-tv k-cnv
hniz-km-tlm-Z-cy-ns Hcp \htemIw krn- p- h m\pw a\pjys\ kvt\ln- p Hcp
kwkv I m- c - ns DS- a - I - f m- I phm\pw bph-P-\- {ian--Wsapw _nj]v hKokv
Blzm\w sNbvXp. cq]X Ub-dIvS ^m. {Inn Fw., B\n-ta-
kn knp UnF- k v - F - k v ,
kwm\ knUn- t - wKw
Snkv h n, P\- d sk{I- dn
skhn tPmPv, tPmjn Im-Sn-dv Fn-h {]kw-Kn-p.

tIm-pdw cq]X
IpSpw_ bqWnv
tI{-ka- n-Xnv
]pXnb `mc-hm-ln-I
tIm-pdw: cq]-X-bnse CS-h-II-fn \npw Xnc-s-Sp--s
IpSpw_ bqWnv tI{-ka
- n-Xn `mchm-ln-I- tIm-pdw hnImkv
B_ss B\n-ta-j skdn IqSn cq]Xm tI{ k-anXn
`mc-hm-ln-Isf Xnc-s-Sp-p.
hnk v Nnd-bv ({]kn-U )v ,
o^ Npn- m- ] - d - n,
tPmkvtam tXmakv Ce-n, tPmk^v tPmbv Ad-
(sshkv {]kn-Up-am), kmen
{^mknkv I-d
- (sk{I-d- n),
]n.Pn. tPmbn ]Xyme (tPmbn v
sk{I- - d n), jmP a\- n
(JPmPn) Fn-h-cmWv ]pXnb
`mc-hm-ln-I. ^manen A-kvXtev Ub-d-IvS ^m. PmIvk
hen-b-]-d-n-en\p apmsI kXy{]-Xn sNbvXv ]pXnb `mc-hmln-I m\w Gs-Sp-p.

14

2011 sabv 1 Rmb

ss{IkvX-hsc hyXy-kvX-cm-p-Xv
Dm-\m-\p-`hw: Bv_n-j]v kqk-]mIyw
hcm-pg AXn-cq-]X sIkn-_nkn aZy-hn-cp kanXn kwL-Sn-n t_m[h-cW skan\m tam. BWn If-n-ho-n DZvLm-S\w
sNpp

aZym-kn IpSpw_sf XIpp:

tam. BWn If-n-ho-n
Fd-Wm-Ipfw: aZy-ns e`y-Xbpw D]-tbm-Khpw h[n-X
- p-aq-ew tIcf-nse IpSpw-_
- XI-bpsS hn-em-Wv. ]Wn-sb-Spp Inp-
apgp-h Iqenbpw IpSn-p-Xop-X
- p-aqew IpSpw-_
- f
- n kam-[m-\hpw
hnI-k-\hpw A\y-am-Ip-Xv Hcp ac-W-kw-kvIm-c-n\v hgn sXfn-psav tam. BWn If-n-ho-n A`n-{]m-b-s-p. hcm-pg AXn-cq]X sIkn-_nkn aZy-hn-cp kanXn kwL-Sn-n t_m[-h-cW
skan\m DZvLm-S\w sNp-Ib
- m-bn-cpp At-lw. tNcm-\
- q CS-hI
- lm-fn kwL-Sn-n tbmK-n ^m. t]m Xpn-bn A[y-X
hln-p. ^m. sk_m-y h--d-n, kn hnt\m-_, hnsk v
]n.Pn., Fw.F. tPm, knp tPmbn, BWn If-cn-, BKv\kv
sk_m-y, tPm_v tXmp-IS- h
- n, AUz. Nmfn t]m, sI.hn. sk_my, sPbnwkv Ipgn-th-en, sF.kn. BWn, kn s, sPkn
s^Wm--kv, sPkn jmPn XpS-n-b-h {]kw-Kn-p.

Xn-cp-h-\--]p-cw: tb-ip-hn-s Dm-\

- n-ep- hn-izm-kh
- pw D-m\ A-\p-`h
- h
- p-am-Wv ss{I-kvX
- h
- s
- c
a-p-h
- c
- n \n-v hy-Xy-kX
-v c
- m-p-sX-v Xn-cp-h-\--]p-cw Bv_n-j-]v tUm. kp-k-]m-Iyw. BZn-a ss{I-kv-X-h-k-aq-lw a-p--hcn \n-pw hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b k-aql-am-bn-cp-p. A-h H-cp kv-t\-lk-aq-l-am-bn-cp-p. H-cp lr-Z-b-hpw
H-cp B-m-hp-ap- kv-t\-l-k-aql-am-bn-cp-p. G-sd ]m-hs
- -h
- c
- pw
Ip-td k---cpw B k-aq-l-nep-m-bn-cp-p. B-cpw X--fp-sS
h-kv-Xp- kz--am-sW-v A-hIm-is
- -n-. F-mw s]m-Xp-kz-mbn I-cp-Xn-bn-cp-p.
D-bn-v Xn-cp-m-fn-\v ]m-f-bw
sk v tPm-k-^v-kv I-o-{U
ssZhm-e-b-n Zn-hy-_-enat[y
k-t-iw \-Ip-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p Bv-_n-j]v. C-{]-Im-cw H-cp kv-t\l-k-aq-l-am-bn Po-hn-m th-
sh-fn--hpw i-n-bpw A-h-v ]I-p-sIm-Sp--Xv tb-ip-hn-s D-

m-\-am-bn-cp-p. A--kv-tXm-eam I-m-hm-b tb-ip-hn-s ]p\-cp-m-\-n-\v i--am-b kmyw \-In-b-Xn-s ^-e-am-W-Xv.

tb-ip-hn-s D-m-\
- n hn-iz-knp- H-cp ss{I-kv-X-h-s Po-hnX-ssi-en-v B-I-jW
- o-ba
- m-b Hcp {]-tXy-I-X-bp-v. F-m Cu
{]-tXy-IX
- \-n ]-ec
- p-tS-bpw Pohn-X
- n C-m-sX t]m-Ip-X
- v Dm-\
- n-ep- \-p-sS hn-izm-kw
k-Po-ha
-
- m-X
- p-sIm-m-Wv.a-cW
-
- n-\p-ti-jw kz-bw D-bns-gp-t-p-I ssZ-h
- n-\p am{Xw km-[n-p- Im-cy-am-Wv. a-\pjy-v a-cn-m am-{X-ta I-gn-bq.
kz-w i-n-sIm-v D-bn-s-gpt-m-\m-hn-. tb-ip-hn-s Dm-\w tb-ip, ssZ-h-]p-{X-\m-sW k-Xyw D-bn-n-t-bpw a-c-Wn-t-bpw A-Xn-\m-Y\
- m-sW- kXyw \-ap-v sh-fn-s-Sp-n-c
- p-Xm-W.v
Hcp ss{IkvX-hs\ kw_-nn-St- mfw Cu temIv \npw

]c-tem-I-n-te-p-, Dm-\ns al- X z- n- t e- p

Xom-S-\-amWv Pohn-Xw. Cu
temI-n \apv imiz-X-amb
`h-\-an-. kzKo-b-`-h\w eyamn bm{X sNp Xom-SI
- cmWv \ Fp Dm-\m-\p`-h-amWv \ap-p-m-tI--Xv.
kl\w Hcp {Inkv X ym- \ nv
\ncm-ib
-
- , {]Xym-ib
- mWv {]Zm\w
sNt--Xv. AXmWv Dm-\m-\p`-hw. ss{IkvX-h-cn hcp-t
]cn-h-\hpw AXm-W.v Dm\w
sNbv X tbip injyamv
{]Xy--s--tm-sgmw Ahv
Biw-kn-n-cp-Xv kam-[m-\a
- m-W.v
tbip Xcp kam-[m-\-n\pw
temIw hmKvZm\w sNp kam[m-\
- n\pw hyXym-ka
- p-.v ]oUm\p-`-h--fnep-sSbpw Ipcn-ip-a-c-Wn- e q- s Sbpw tbip \tmSv
ImWn kvt\l-ns ^e-amWv
tbip \apv \Ip kam-[m\w Bv_n-j]v ]d-p.

A-P-]m-e-\ ip-{iq-jm I-ho-\-am-v ]-cn-io-e-\w

sNn-mSv Dup-Xn-cp-\m kZy-b

v p XW]-e
- ns Im\m-p-Iaw
sdIvS ^m. tPmk^v tPmjn apn- \nh-ln-p-p. ^m. ssjP
]\-, ^m. BWn _nPp Ipcn-in- kao-]w.

Xn-cp-h\
-
- ]
- p-cw : C-Sh
- I
- A-P]
- m-e\
- ip-{iq-jm Iho-\-am-v G-IZ- n-\ ]cn-io-e\
- - ]
- T
- \ I-sh-j
Xn-cp-h\
-
- ]
- p-cw sh-b
-
- e
- w B-\n-ta-j sk-dn
\-S
- n. A-Xn-cq-]X
- bp-sS hnhn[ C-Sh
- I
- I
- f
- n 201112
h-js
- A-P]
- m-e\
- ip-{iq-jm I-ho-\-am-cm-bn Xnc-s-Sp-s
- -h
- -p th-n-bm-bn-cp-p ]-cn-io-e\
- w.
C-S-h-I hn-Im-cn-tbm-Sv k-l-I-cn-v C-S-h-I-bp-sS hnizm-k-Po-hn-X h-f--bv-m-bn {]-b-Xv-\n-m ap-tmp h-n-p- A-P-]m-e-\ I-ho-\ G-w hn-\o-X-\mb ip-{iq-jI
- \
- m-bn-cn-W
- s
- a-v tbm-Kw D-ZL
-v m-S\
- w sN-

bv-X ^m-. tPm-k A-e-Iv-km- Hm-n-n-p.

A-Xn-cq-]-Xm Z-i-\-n A-P-]m-e-\ ip-{iq-j-bv-p {]m-[m-\y-s-p-dn-v ^m-. sP-bnw-kv Ip-em-kv hni-Zo-Ic
- n-p.
A-P-]m-e-\ ip-{iq-jm Z-i-\w F-{]-Im-cw H-cp ZuXy-am-bn-o-cW
- s
- a-pw, C-Sh
- I
- A-P]
- m-e\
- ip-{iq-jm
I-ho-\d
- p-sS D-c
- h
- m-Zn-
- G-sXm-s-sb-pw
A-Xn-cq-]-Xm A-P-]m-e-\ ip-{iq-jm U-b-d-Iv- ^m-.
tem-d-kv Ip-em-kv hy--am-n. tPm hn-\n-jy-kv,
A-t^m-kn-b hn-sk v Fn-h {]kwKnp.

sNn-mSv Xom-S\ tI{-n

Xncp-\m Hcp-- apt-dpp

skv B_Svkv SnSns- F-bn

SnSnkn {]th-i\w:
At] Wn
- pp

tIm-pdw: sNn-mSv Xom-S\ tI{-n hn. Atm-Wo-kns

Dup-Xn-cp-\m-fn\v Hcp-- apt-dp-p. Dup-k-Zy-p ]-ens
Im\m-p-Iaw sdIvS ^m. tPmk^v tPmjn apn- \nh-ln-p.
Sn.]n. tPmkmWv hnkvXr-Xa
- mb ]-sem-cp-p-X
- v. kl-hn-Imcnamcmb
^m. ssjP ]\-epw ^m. BWn _nPp Ipcn-in-epw {]m\m
ip{iqj \bn-p.
ssIm-c-m-cmb sUman-\n-Iv, Pbvtam, IpSpw_ bqWnv `mc-hm-lnI XpS-n-b-h t\XrXzw \In. Xncp-\m-fns\p Xom-SIp Fm ko-Ic
- W
-
- fpw {Iao-Ic
- W
-
- fpw ]qn-bm-bn-hc
- p-Xmbn sdIvS ^m. tPmk^v tPmjn apn- Adn-bn-p.

Fd-Wm-Ipfw: sk v B_Sv
kv SnSnsF 2011 A[y-b\hj
s SnSnkn tImgvkn\v At]-I kzoI-cn-p-p. ChnsS \np
Xs e`y-amb At]-m-t^m-an
]qcn-n At]--I 2011 sabv
Ggn\Iw Hm^o-kn e`n--Ww.
Cu hjw kv Sp ]co FgpXn-bn-cn-p--hpw At]-nmw. hni-Zh
- n-hc
-
- v t^m:
0484 2383623.

ap-\w CS-h-I-bn \S Pokkv anj [ym\w hnImcn ^m. tdmn

tdm_n If-n DZvLm-S\w sNp-p. {_Zam-cmb tPmPv, Pnan,
tPmfn, aXm-[ym-]-I-cmb Fkvan, o-kv, hn{^Uv kao-]w.

FtUm-k^m \ntcm-[n-Ww
tIm-pdw: FtUm-k^m
\ntcm-[n-Wsav tI{ kmcn-t\mSv Bh-iy-sv tIm-pdw
cq]X sIFkn- F - b p- s Sbpw
sIkn-ssh-F
- n-sbpw kwbp-m`n-ap-Jy-n tIm-pdw tSm
PwKvj\
- n Nncm-Xp-I sXfnv s]cnbm-dn Hgpn {]Xn-tj[ {]Xo-ImI kacw \S-n. an-s\bpw a\pjy-s\bpw \in-n-p FtUmk^ms Zqjy-^e
-
- ImWmsX
t]mIp tI{ km Xocp-am\w
Xncp- - W - s av sIFknF
kwm\ {]kn- U v AUz.
dmt^ BWn kacw DZvLm-S\w
sNbvXv Bh-iy-s-p.
sIFknF cq]X {]kn-U v
]n.sP. tXma-kv, sk{I-dn C.Un.
{^mkn-kv, sIkn-sshFw {]knU v Bk tPmk-^v, sk{Idn Snp am\p- h , Pbnwkv
t]h- e - b v, ]m- b wKw sjen Intjm, tkhy
]pXp-t-cn, Sn.]n. {^mkn-kv,
AK-n ]\-n-, Pbnwkv
Xnm- S n, Iukn- e hn.Fw.
tPmWn, tkmWn tPmk- ^ v,
ssjPp {^mkn- k v , km_p
ta- e , hKokv Am- c p- ] - d n, ]n.F-^v. temdkv Fnh {]kw-Kn-p.

ssekkv th!
Fb ]n Fb ssd^n

amK-kn
18 _n_n
177 \nd-bvm-hp-Xv

Fm-hn[ tXmp-I hmp--Xn\pw

dn-b-dnw-Kn\pw, ssekkph hnp-hm\pw

sImn Badn
FtUm-k^m ]qW-ambn \ntcm-[n-W
- s
- av Bh-iy-s-v tImpdw cq]X Im-enIv Atkm-kn-tb-j\pw sIkn-ssh-Fpw kwbp-ambn tIm-pdw tSmfn Nncm-Xp-I sXfnv s]cn-bm-dn-sem-gpn
\S-nb {]Xn-tj[ {]Xo-Im-I kacw sIFknF kwm\ {]knU v AUz. dmt^ BWn DZvLm-S\w sNpp

LC

tjWm-bokv PwKvj, \mc-I-d tdmUv, Fd-Wm-Ipfw

t^m: 0484 - 2371598, 2353589

tmnvkv: sImn FbKkv, t^m: 0484 3228069

am{Xw

Fm cq]-XI
- f- n-sebpw
cPn-kvt{S-j ^okn-msX

ae-bmfn am{Sn-tam-Wn-bkv

Ernakulam: Broadway Ph: 2353765, 2374985 Fax: 4066001

Ac-a-\--Sn, aqhm-p-]pg

Opp S. I. Flats Providence Road Ph: 2393018, 2393019.

Ph: 0485 2832675 Mob: 9446445991

email: valavico@gmail.com.
Trivandrum Ph: 0471 2571105. Trichur Ph: 0487 2322182.

2011 sabv 1 Rmb

15

[man-I-X-bpsS i_vZamb Bs{-Pm-hn

(aqmw t]Pv XpS)
K`-On{Zn\pw Zbm-h-[n
\pw FXn-cmbn Ipcn-ip-bpw {]
Jym-]n am]m Cu ey-
t\Sn-sb-Sp-p--Xn\p kam-\-hm-ZKXnmcp-ambn Iqp-]n-Sn-ncpp.
1991- CuPn-]vXnse sIbvtdmbn \S sFIy-cm-j{v S-k,-`b
- psS
P\-kwJym kt-f-\-n K`On-{Z-n-s\-Xn-cm-bp Itm-enm-k-`-bpsS \ne-]m-Sp-I AhX-cn-n-p-hm aX-hn-izm-kn-Itfbpw Ipp- ] n- S n- p. As
sFIy-cm-j{v S-k`- b
- psS P\-kwJym
kt- f - \ - n hn- m\pw
Cm-an-I-cm-jv{S-fpw Hn-mWv
{`qW-lX
- y-bs
v -Xnsc t]mcm-Sn-bX
- .v
kpc-n-Xhpw \nb-a-hn-t[-b-hpamb coXn-bn kzta-[bm K`On{Zw \S-m-\p kv{XoI-fpsS
auenI Ah-Imiw Dd-p-h-cp-
Ww F Ata-cn-b
- psS \nt
iw tPmt]m cm-a ]mm
bvv Dsm-mt\m kzoI-cnmt\m km[n-p Hm-bn-cpn. 185 {]Xn-\n[n cmjv{S-
]s-Sp sFIy-cm-jv{S-kt- -f\
- n {`qW-l-Xysb P\-kwJy
\nb-{-W-n-\p Hcp km[mcW D]m-[n-bmbn AwKo-Ic
- n-p-hm\p {ia-ap-m-bn. am\-h-N-cn-{Xn BZy- a mbn sIme- ] m- X Is km[q-Ic
- n-m \S-p
temI-cm-jv{S--fpsS KqV-{i-as-Xn- tc am]m i-ambn
{]Xn-I-cn-p.
hi- n- I - f psS A[manI
\o- s- X nsc i- a mbn
\ne-]m-sS-Sp-m hen-b-ap-p-h
s ]mZp-I
- AWn tPm
t]m cm-a\v Hcn-epw Hcp aSnbp-ap-m-bn-. emn Ata-cn-
cmPy- am]m- - t bm- s Smw
\npw Cdm Ds-sS-bp C
m-anI cmjv{S-fpw hn-ms
\b-sf AwKo-Ic
- n-t- m {`qWl-Xybvv A\p-Iq-e-ambn sFIycm-jv{S-k-`-bn Ata-cn Ah-Xcn-n {]ta-b
- ns Xocp-am-\
- fn am-ap-m-bn. IpSpw-_m-kq-{XW- amK-ambn Hcp Imc-Wh
- i
- mepw
{`qW-l-Xysb t{]mm-ln-n-cpXv Fv- sF-Iy-cmjv{Sk` 1991 Xocp-am-\n-p. ac-W-kw-kvImcw -tem-I-n ]Sp ]-enp Hcp- Im-eL
- n Pohs
kwkvImcw ]Sp-p-bm ]cn{i-an hen-b-ap-p-hs henb
hnP-ba
- m-bn-cpp 1991- sFIy-cmjv{S-k`
- b
- n \S-X
- v.
Poh \ne-\n-dp-m\pw AXv
kwc- n- p- h m- \ p- a mbn tPm
t]m cm-a ]mm \S-nb
{i-a--fpsS ]cn-]qW-X-bmWv
"Pohs kphn-tij'sa Nm{InI-te-J-\-n {]I-S-am-Ip-Xv.
ssZh-ns Omb-bnepw kmZr-iynepw krjvSn--s a\p-jy
Pohs ]qWn-ab
- n-tev hf-cm-\mbn-mWv hnfn--s-n-cn-p-Xv.
ssZh-]p-{X a\p-jy-\mbn Ah-Xcn-Xv Poh-\p-m-Im\pw AXv
kar--ambn Fm-hpw \evIphm\pw thn- b m- W v (tbml
10:10). k`bvv temI-n \nhln- p- h m- \ p- Xv Cu ZuXyw
Xs-bm-sWv tPmv t]m
cm-a ]mm ASn-bp-dv hnizkn-n-cp-p. Cu {]tXyI ZuXy
s Pohs kphn-ti-j-ZuXyw
FmWv am]m hnfn- - X v .
Pohs kphn-tijw temI-n
Nm-hn-j-b-am-bn. t{]m sse^v
{]h-\-v Pohs kphntijw Dt-P-\hpw t{]mm-l\hpw {][m\w sNbvXp.
1978- tPm t]m Hm-a

temI-n kam-[m-\-n-sbpw
kvt\l-n-sbpw ZqX-\mbn
C-env ]pdv 104 bm{X-I
\Sn Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-n-e-[nIw
{]kw-K \Sn
7,75,231 ssa bm{X sNbvXv
Pohs kphn-ti-j-ns
{]hm-N-I-\m-bn. temIw aqmw
alm-bp--n-tev hgpXn hogpsav `b-s Ata-cn- Cdmv
bp-ns kqN-\-I Dbtm kam-[m-\-ns
Poh-i-_vZ-ambn {]Xn[z\nXv
]mm-bpsS kzc-am-bn-cp-p.
]mm-bpsS ac-Ws XpSv
t]mf-nse Hcp mhv hwi-Ps\
am]m- - b mbn Xnc- s - S p- tm A{]-Xo-n-Xhpw ANn-hp-amb Hcp \o-am-bn-mWv am[ya -t]mepw hne-bn-cp-n-b-Xv.
]noSv Pohs {]hm-N-I-\mbn
Xo am]m Iqn-m-ev
Xm A\p-`-hn Pohn-X-ns
thZ-\I
- \nd A\p-`h
-
- n
\nmWv Poh-s\-p-dn-p Xs
Zi\w cq]-s-Sp-n-sb-Sp--Xv.
\mkn-If
- psS XS- ]mf-b
- n
\nv Hfnp \Sv Icn- IzmdnIfn Ip-S Hcp al-mb Pohn
X hnZym-`ymkw am]m-b
- vp-mbn-cp-p. 1938- Itcm thmbv
oh PKvtfm-Wn-b kh-Ie
- m-ime-bn hnZymn-bmbn tNtm ]mTy-hn-jb
- a
- mbn Xnc-sSp-Xv imkv{X-am-bn-cpn \mSI-am-bn-cp-p. tIm\n-kpw
hvfmZna Cnv sh\n-\pw -Pw
\evInb kh-Ie
- i
- m-eb
- m-bn-cpp
PKvtfm-Wn-b. Hcp sIm-n-\ptijw cmw temI-am-lm-bpw
s]mn]p-d-s-p. P\n t]mfn IS-p-Ib
- dn PKvtfm-Wn-b
kh-Ie
- m-ime ASp-]q-n. sXcphp-If
- n \mkn-]S t]mfojv bphm-fp-sS tNmc-b
v mbn ImtXmp
\np. ZrV- \ n- - b - t msS
thmbvoh kmt{Im-tkm-hn-nse
Icn- a-Sb
- nse sXmgn-em-fn-bm-bn.
Ip-S-p-sImv Xs am\-kn-Iamb {]Xn-tj-[-ns ImpXo
Atlw sacp-n-sb-Sp-p. tPmen
Ign-n-p cm{Xn-Im-e--fn
Atlw Dd-s
- am-gn-n-cpv kzbw
]Tn-p. cm{Xn-bnse as--hn-fns Ac shfn--n IhnX- I fpw \mS- I - fpw cNn- p.
Bs{-Pm-hn F Xqen-I-\m-an-emWv Atlw Fgp-Xn-sIm-ncp--Xv. Bo-b-X-bpsS Atem- I - n Pohs alXzw
{]tLm-jn-p--Xm-bn-cpp Atl-ns cN-\-I. a\p-jy-Poh\v bmsXmcp hne-bp-an-m
cmw temI-a-lm-bp--Im-e-L-n lnve
- d
- psS \mkn-S t]mfnse P\-Xsb arK-s
- f-tmse
Ipcp-Xn-I-gn-p-sIm-n-cp-p. a\pjy- P o- h s al- X z- s - p- d nv
hmbv Xp-dv kwkm-cn-p-hm
km[n-m Ime-L-
- n IhnX-If
- n-eq-sSbpw \mS-I
- n-eq-sSbpw
[mn-I-i_vZw AW-s]mn HgpIn. {]n-b-s--h Hsm-mbn
Xs hnp-]n-cnv Pohn-X-n
Xm H- b m- b - t m Pohs
hnebpw al-Xzhpw Atlw IpSpX A\p-`h
- n-d
- n-p. BZyw- A-

Xom-S-I: cm-bn-cm-am-nse Pq_n-en-tbm-S-\p-_-nv

hnip \mSp-I-fn Xom-S\w \Snb tPm t]m cma ]mm tami acnpw ap]v Im\m tZiw Zin \ot_m
ae-bpsS apI-fn

, ]ns ktlm-Z-c, ]ns

]nXm-hpw- a-cn--tXmsS Itcm
thmbvoh A\m-Y-\m-bn. ]nXmhns ih-a--n-\-cnsI Hcp
cm{Xn apgp-h apn-t \nv
{]mn-p. Bm-hns Ccp
cm{Xn-If
- n-eqsS ISpt]mb-tm
a\-n Po-hs {]hm-N-I-\m-Iphm-\p Xocp-am\w ZrV-\n-b
- a
- mbn amdp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Itcm
thmbvo- h - b psS ]no- S p
PohnXw Xs Hcp Pohs kphnti-j-ambn amdn.
1978 HIvtSm-_ 22- \v hn-m\nse m\m-tcm-lWthf-bn
ssZh-ns a F \nebn kzw ktlm-Z-c-fmb
Fm a\p-jy-tcbpw A`n-kw-t_m[\ sNbvXp-sImv kvt\-l-nsbpw kam- [ m- \ - n- s bpw
ktiw ]p hv Pohs {]hmNIZuXy-amWv Fn \nn-]X
v am-bn-cn-p-s
- Xv ]mm Gp ]dp. m\m- t cm- l - W - ns
BZy-\n-anjw apX P\-\\
- n-b{- Ww, kzhK-cX
- n, ]ptcm-ln-Xc
- psS
hnhm-lw, h\nXm ]utcm-ln-Xyw,
hnhm-l-tam-N-\w, Zbm-h-[w, h[in XpS-nb [mnI {]iv\-fn- -]m-mXy tem-I-ns
\ne-]m-Sp-I AwKo-I-cn-p-hm
Atlw hnk--Xn-p. FbvUvkv
tcmKw XS-bm t]mepw K`-\n-tcm[\ Dd D]-tbm-Kn--cp-sXv ]Tnn- p- I bpw D]- t Z- i n- p- I bpw
sNbvX am]m-sb lrZ-b-iq-\y\mb hen-ba
- p-p-h Fp hnfnv
hnain- - h - c p- v . B[p- \ nI
temI-n\p shp-hn-fn-bp-bp
amXr-Ib
- mbn Ghpw IpSp-X
hnip-sc Am-cb
- psS al-Xzn- t ev Dbnb tPm
t]m K`-On{Zw \S-m hnk-Xnv acWw hcn C-en-m-cnbmb inip-tcmK hnZKv[ Pnbm-\s_-s-shm-sb hnip--bmbn
{]Jym-]n-m \S-]Sn kzoI-cn-psImv Pohs kwkv Im-c
- n\v
]pXn-sbmcp \mn Ip-dn-p.
2005 s^{_p-hcn 23- \v izmk-XS- s XpSv tdmanse
sPn Bip-]-{Xn-bn cmwX- h W {]th- i n- n- - s - - X n\v
Xte-\m {]kn-o-Ic
- n At-lns Ah-km-\s ]pkvX-Iamb kvac-Wbpw hyn-Xzhpw
F-Xn Pohs kwkvIm-cs
- p-dnpw AXv ]Sp-p-btXns Bh-iy-I-X-sb-p-dnpw
Atlw \S-nb {]kvXm-h\
- I
-
]{X-am-[y-a- htIm-fn-f-tmsS {]kn-o-Ic
- n-n-cp-p. PqXhw-i-l-Xy-bpssS Ccp-]Xmw
\qm-n \S-nb PqX-hw-inS- b n {]Xn- t j- [ - a p- b n.
PqXsc `qan-bn \nv XpS-p-\op-hm-\p \nIr-jvS-]--Xnsb

K`-On-{Z-n\v D]-anv eLq-I-cnp-Ib

- m-sWv hnai-I hmZn-p.
{`qW- l Xy \c- l - X y- X - s - b msWpw K`-On-{Z-aps-sS-bp
]p Xn-I P\m-[n-]-Xy-cmPy--fn DssS hym]-I-am-Ip-Xns\ ]cm-ain-pI am{X-amWv
am]m sNbvXsXv hn-m
]{X- p- d n v Cd- n- b n- c p- p.
am]m--bpsS A`n-{]m-b-n
K`- ] m- { X- n- e p Hmtcm
iniphpw Cv ASn-a-Isft]msebmWv Pohn- p- - X v . Ahv
kzmX-{yhpw kpc-n-X-Xzhpw
C. Ahsc kwc-nv ]cn-]men-t amXm-]n-Xm-f
- pw, _pan- { Xm- Z n- I fpw tUmIv S am- c pw,
\gv k p- a mcpw Ah- c psS Xs
sIme-bm-fn-bm-bn-o-cp-Xv Hcnepw \oXn- I - c n- m km[nm henb Xn-bm-Wv.

bp-n-s\-Xnsc
Db i_vZw
{`qW- l - X ybvpw Zbmh[n\p-sa-Xnsc {]Xn-Ic
- n-p-sImp-am-{X-a tPm t]m B[p\n- I - t em- I - n
Pohs
kwkvImcw ]Sp-p-bm ]cn{i-an--Xv. bpw ac-W-kw-kvIm-cns `mK-am-sWv am]m
hy-ambn a\-n-em-n-bn-cp-p.
At\-Isc \nmWyw sImp
If- b p bp- s a alm- h n- ] n \nv temI- P - \ - X sb
Pohs kwkv I m- c - n- t ev
ssI]n-Sn-p-bm Xs Hmtcm
{]h\-fn-eq-sSbpw Atlw
{ian-n-cp-p. bpw Hgn-hm-m
am]m-bvv Ign-n-s-nepw
Hcp alm- b p- - ns `oI- c - X bn\nv temIs cn-m
km[n-p.

Zbm-h[w
{`qW-lX
- ybpw bphpw am{X-a
Zbm-h-[-n-s\-Xn-scbpw am]m-i-a
- mbn {]Xn-Ic
- n-n-cp-p. Zbmh[w AXns Fm A-X-enepw temI-sapw N-sN-s Ime-Lw tPm t]m
cm-a am]m--bpsS Ime-L-am- W v . ]Xn- \ - p- h j- mew
acW-n-S--bn InSv 2005-
ac-W-a-S Ata-cn--Imcn sSdnkvInbm-thm-bpsS Pohs\ \ne-\ndp-p-Xp kw_-nv Ata-cn-bn am{X-a temI-sa-mSpw
kwhm-Z
- \S-n-cp-p. Pohs
aqey- s - p- d nv Cu kw`hw
henb N-bvn-S-bm-n. Cu
kw`-hs B[m-ca
- mbn am]m-A-`n-{]m-b-s-Xv Bk ac-W\mb Hcp hynv Poh \ne\n-dp-p-X
- n\v GXp-cq-]
- n-ep
`-Wtam shtam \evIm-Xn-cnpXv Zbm-h-[-n\v Xpey-am-

sW-m-W.v Itm-en-m-k`- b
- psS
]T-\-a-\p-k-cnv {]IrXn \nb-amepw Am-as ssZh-Ie
- v]\-bpsS ASn-m-\
- nepw Poh
\ne-\n-dp-pI FXv am\p-jn-I[-am-Wv. B[p-\nI sshZy-imkv{X-ns hf-tbmsS Poh
\ne-\n-dp-m-\p amK-fpw
kmt-XnI hnZy-Ifpw Xpdp Inn.
imkv{X-]p-tcm-K-Xnv A\p-kr-Xambn at\m-`mhw sshZy-im-kv{X-mcpw Imn-p-S-n-b-tm
Ahs- X ntc tPm t]m
cm-a am]m hfsc Ii-\amb \ne-]m-Sp-If
- mWv ssIsm-Xv. 2004 amn tdman hp
\S AtZ-iob tUmIvSamcpsS kt-f-\-n am]m
Xs Cu hnjbw Ah-Xc
- n-n-p.
hnizm-khpw imkv{Xhpw {]Ir-Xn\n-b-ahpw Hcp-t]mse ka-\z-bnnv Pohs aqeyw Dbn-n-Snm sshZy- i mkv { XcwKv
{]hn- p Fm- h pw
km[n--W-sav am]m Hms-Sp-n.

Pohs kwkvImcw
2005 P\p- h cn 24 \v hnip
{^mkokv kme-kns Xncp-\m
Zn\-n-emWv tPmt]m cm
a am]m--bpsS Ah-km-\s
teJ\w {]kno-I-cn--Xv. am[ya-s
- f-p-dn-p {]kvXp-Xt- e-J\-n t]mepw Pohs kwkvImc--ns ssNX\yw am]m Im
p-kq-n-p. Pohs kwkv
Imcw ]Sp-p-bm am[y-atem-I-n\v IS-a-bp-sv At
lw ]d-p. [mn-I-X-bpsS
Bt]- nIhmZs Hcn-
IqSn teJ-\-n-eqsS Xn-d am]mm K`-On-{Z-hpw, {`qW-lX
- y-bpw, a\p-jy--Ivtfm-Wnw-Kpw,
IpSpw-__
-
-
- f
- nse hnip-nv
`wKw hcp-p Fm {]h-WXbpw kptJ-bpw kZm-Nm-ch
- n-ip-Xbpw i]n-s
- -tS Xn-If
- msWv Imiy-amb hmp-If
- n
Bhnv {]Jym-]n-p. henb
app-h-s\ \ne-b 14 Nm{InI-te-J\
-
- fpw 16 A-kvtXm-enI
Blzm\-fpw 11 A-kvtXm-enI
{]am-W-tc-J-I-fpw 44 A-kv-tXmenI teJ-\-fpw ]pd-s-Sp-hn
tPm t]m cm-a am]m
Pohs kwkv I mcw ]Sp- pbm k` B{i-bn-t-Xv
]cn-ip-I
- pm-\t- bbpw P]-am-etbbpw BsWv Hm-s-Sp-n.
Xs Pohs Ay-\n-an-jw-hscbpw ac- W - t ijw t]mepw
tPm t]m cm-a Pohs
{]hm-N-I-\mbn \ne-sIm-p-p.
Pohs kwkv I mcw ]Sp- pbm hniz-am-\h
- n-IX
- b
- n-eq-nbmWv Atlw aptmv t]mb-Xv.
B[ym-nI BNm-cy F-Xn-ep]cn temI- P - \ - X sb H- S w
kvt\ln kam-[m-\-Imw-nbpw
hnI- k - \ - Z m- l nbpw Bbn- c p- p.
am\p-jnI apey- Dbn-nSnv a\pjy-kvt\-ln-bmbn Ncn{Xw
krjvSn am]m-m-bmWv tPm
t]m cm-a. 26 hjhpw
Ap-am-khpw ZoLn tPm
t]m cm-a am]m--bpsS
hmgvN-bpsS Ime-Lw Pohs
kwkvIm-c-ns ]p\-cp-m-\n- s - I m- e - L - - a mbn- c p- p.
Atlw XpS- n- h Pohs
kphn-ti-j-h-Xv-cWw A\-iz-cambn Fpw \ne-\n-evpw. Poh
s kwkvIm-c-ns a[y-\mbn kzK-n \ap-np Hcp
hmgv-s--hs\ e`n-p-p.

5/-

16

RN No.KERMAL/2005/17134 Postal Regd. No. KL/EKM/639/2009-2011

Licence No. KL/CR/EKM/WPP-06/2009-11. Licenced to post without pre payment

2011 May 1 Sunday

03052011 sNm

10052011 sNm - Dup-Xn-cp-\m

1752011 sNm Fm-anSw

cmhnse 6.30 \v Znhy-_-en, s\mth\

8 \v Znhy-_-en, s\mth\, Bcm-[\
10.15 \v sImSn-I-b-w, Znhy-_-en (kotdm ae-_m don)
apJy-Iman-I: _nj]v am dmt^ Xn

cmhnse 6.30 \v Znhy-_-en, s\mth\

8 \v Znhy-_-en, s\mth\, Bcm-[\
10.15 \v Dup-kZy BiohmZw
10.30 \v s]mn-^n- Znhy-_en
apJy-Iman-I: _nj]v tUm. tPmk^v Imcn--tcn

cmhnse 6.30 \v Znhy-_-en, s\mth\

8 \pw Dbvp tijw 3 \pw Znhy-_-en, s\mth\, Bcm-[\
sshIov 5 \pw 6.30 \pw Znhy-_-en, s\mth\

(Xriq AXn-cq-]X klmb sa{Xm)

{]kwKw: dh. ^m. s\k tPm_v If-p-c- HknUn

XpSv tcmK-imn {]m-\, Bcm-[\
sshIov 3 \v Znhy-_-en, {]kw-Kw, s\mth-\, Bcm-[\
5 \pw 6.30 \pw Znhy-_-en, s\mth\
cm{Xn 7.30 \v ss__n \mSIw: tamkkv
Ah-X-cWw: ]mem Iyq-Wn-t-jkv

(tIm-pdw sa{Xm)

{]kwKw: dh. ^m. BWn Cn-p-v HknUn

Dbvp tijw 1.30 \v Znhy-_-en, s\mth\
3 \v Znhy-_-en, s\mth\, Bcm-[\
4.30 \v Znhy-_-en, s\mth\ (Xangv `mj-bn)
5.30 \pw 6.30 \pw 7.30 \pw 8.30 \pw Znhy-_-en, s\mth\

Cu hjw {]Ya Znhy-Im-cpWyw kzoI-cn

Ipn-I-fpsS Iqmbva
Xom-SI
- c- psS `h-\
- f- n \npw sh hkv{Xw [cnv
Ipn-I cmhnse 9 \v ssZhm-eb
-
- n Fp-p.
10.30 \v Znhy_
- e- n, s\mth-\, Bcm-[\
apJy-Iman-I: dh. ^m. sk_m-y Idp-I-nn

4 apX 7 hscbpw 9 \pw

cmhnse 10 \v Znhy-_-en, s\mth\, Bcm-[\
sshIov 5 \v Znhy-_-en, s\mth\

Xncp-\m Zn\--fnse A\p-{K-loX kmn[yw

08052011
cmhnse 8 apX sshIov 5 hsc hml\ sh-cnv
cmhnse 10 \v Znhy-_-en, s\mth\, Bcm-[\
11 \v _pn-amyw kw`-hn Ipn-Ip
NnInm klmb hnX-cWw
sshIov 5 \v Znhy-_-en
apJy-Iman-I: _nj]v tUm. tPmk^v

ssIX-d (Kzmfn-b sa{Xm)

{]kwKw: dh. ^m. t]m tXmakv If-n
cm{Xn 7\v kq saKm tjm
Ah-Xc- Ww: sImn Imknt\m

_nj]v tUm. tPmk^v

Imcn-t- cn
(tIm-pdw cq]-X)

_nj]v tUm. tPmk^v

ssIX-d
(Kzmfn-b cq]-X)

_nj]v am dmt^
Xn
(Xriq AXncq]-X)

* Fm sNmm-gvN-I-fnepw cmhnse 8 \pw 10.30 \pw sshIov 3 \pw 5 \pw 6.30 \pw Znhy-_-en, s\mth\,
Bcm-[\ * BZy sNmm-gvN-I-fn 10.30 \v tcmK-imn ip{iq-j, Ipp-v tNmdq-v * 4mw sNmmgvN
Ipp-p-thn {]m-\ * Hcp hb-kp-h-sc-bp Ipn-Isf hn. Atm-\o-kns sXmn-en
InS-p-p * shn-bmgvN cmhnse 10 \v Znhy-_-en, Bcm-[-\, Xncp-ti-jnv Npw_-\w

^m. tPmk^v tPmjn apn-

sdIvS, sk v B-Wokv jvssd, sNn-m-Sv683 522
E-mail: stantonyschettikad@gmail.com
Web: www.stantonyschettikad.org
Phone: 0484 2482039, 2483512

hnip-s aqv Xncp-ti-jn-p-I kqn-n-p Cy-bnse GI ssZhm-e-bw

Reg. No. KL/EKM/639/2006-2008, M6-14589/06, Edited by Fr. Rockey Roby Kalathil and published by Bishop Dr. John Thattumkal (Patron) on behalf of the Latin Catholic Charitable Trust,
KRLCC Media Office, Lucky Star building, Market Road, Kochi 682 035. Phone: 0484 2361616, Fax: 2381616. email: jeevanaadam@yahoo.com , jeevanaadam@hotmail.com. Printed at CIPT Press, Thoppumpady, Kochi 682 005.