RAID

Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks

History
  

Single Large Expensive Disk (SLED) IBM and Berkeley University RAID levels 0-5 0-

Why RAID?
  

Redundancy, fault tolerance Increased capacity Increased performance

Mirroring


 

The easiest way to get high availability Half the size Higher read performance

Disk One

Disk Two

Data A

Mirror A

Data B

Mirror B

Data C

Mirror C

Data D

Mirror D

Striping
  

Higher performance Distributed across disks Work in parallel

Disk One

Disk Two

Data A

Data B

Data C

Data D

Data E

Data F

Data G

Data H

Parity
 

Improve the availability Less waste of space

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Data

Data

Check

Data

Data

Check +

Data

Data D

heck

+D

Data

Data

heck +

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RAID 0
  

Striping Highest performance Lower availability

Disk One

Disk Two

Data A

Data B

Data C

Data D

Data E

Data F

Data G

Data H

RAID 1
  

Mirroring High availability Low computing power

Disk One

Disk Two

Data A

Mirror A

Data B

Mirror B

Data C

Mirror C

Data D

Mirror D

RAID 2, 3, 4
  

Data

Data

Data C

Data D

Data

Data

Check D-

Data

Data

Data I

Check

-I

Data J

Data K

Data L

Check J-L

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Di

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Parity High performance High availability

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Check -C

RAID 5
 

Data

Data

Data C

Check -C

Data D

Data

Check D-

Data

Data

Check

-I

Data I

Data

Check J-L

Data K

Data L

Data J

8 0)

33 6 0)

321 0)

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8 76 0)

Parity with distribution Higher performance than level 1-4 1High availability Most used RAID level

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Combinations of different levels



Combine two levels and get the advantages from both Either hardware driven, software driven or a combination of both Examples: 0+1, 1+0, 0+3, 3+0, 0+5, 5+0, 1+5, and 5+1.

Alternatives to RAID
  

Single Large Expensive Disk (SLED) Redundant Array of Distributed Disks (RADD) More alternatives: 2D-RADD, C-RAID, RO 2DCWBWB-optimistic and RO WB-pessimistic WB-

The End

First RAID system.

Second RAID system.