Executive Order No. 209 The Family Code of The Philippines July 6, 1987

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209 THE FAMILY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES July 6, 19 ! I, CORAZON C.
AQUINO, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by the Constitution, do hereby order nd promul! te the " mily Code of the Philippines, s follows# TITLE I MARRIA"E Ch pter $. Re%uisites of & rri !e Arti'le $. & rri !e is spe'i l 'ontr 't of perm nent union between m n nd wom n entered into in ''ord n'e with l w for the est blishment of 'on(u! l nd f mily life. It is the found tion of the f mily nd n inviol ble so'i l institution whose n ture, 'onse%uen'es, nd in'idents re !overned by l w nd not sub(e't to stipul tion, e)'ept th t m rri !e settlements m y fi) the property rel tions durin! the m rri !e within the limits provided by this Code. *+, Art. ,. No m rri !e sh ll be v lid, unless these essenti l re%uisites re present# *$- .e! l ' p 'ity of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties who must be m le nd fem le/ nd *,- Consent freely !iven in the presen'e of the solemni0in! offi'er. *+1 Art. 1. 2he form l re%uisites of m rri !e re# *$- Authority of the solemni0in! offi'er/ *,- A v lid m rri !e li'ense e)'ept in the ' ses provided for in Ch pter , of this 2itle/ nd *1- A m rri !e 'eremony whi'h t 3es pl 'e with the ppe r n'e of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties before the solemni0in! offi'er nd their person l de'l r tion th t they t 3e e 'h other s husb nd nd wife in the presen'e of not less th n two witnesses of le! l !e. *+1 , ++ Art. 4. 2he bsen'e of ny of the essenti l or form l re%uisites sh ll render the m rri !e void b initio, e)'ept s st ted in Arti'le 1+ *,-.
A defe't in ny of the essenti l re%uisites sh ll render the m rri !e void ble s provided in Arti'le 4+. An irre!ul rity in the form l re%uisites sh ll not ffe't the v lidity of the m rri !e but the p rty or p rties responsible for the irre!ul rity sh ll be 'ivilly, 'rimin lly nd dministr tively li ble. *nArt. +. Any m le or fem le of the !e of ei!hteen ye rs or upw rds not under ny of the impediments mentioned in Arti'les 15 nd 16, m y 'ontr 't m rri !e. *+4 Art. 7. No pres'ribed form or reli!ious rite for the solemni0 tion of the m rri !e is re%uired. It sh ll be ne'ess ry, however, for the 'ontr 'tin! p rties to ppe r person lly before the solemni0in! offi'er nd de'l re in the presen'e of not less th n two witnesses of le! l !e th t they t 3e e 'h other s husb nd nd wife. 2his de'l r tion sh ll be 'ont ined in the m rri !e 'ertifi' te whi'h sh ll be si!ned by the 'ontr 'tin! p rties nd their witnesses nd ttested by the solemni0in! offi'er. In ' se of m rri !e in rti'ulo mortis, when the p rty t the point of de th is un ble to si!n the m rri !e 'ertifi' te, it sh ll be suffi'ient for one of the witnesses to the m rri !e to write the n me of s id p rty, whi'h f 't sh ll be ttested by the solemni0in! offi'er. *++ Art. 5. & rri !e m y be solemni0ed by# *$- Any in'umbent member of the (udi'i ry within the 'ourt8s (urisdi'tion/ *,- Any priest, r bbi, im m, or minister of ny 'hur'h or reli!ious se't duly uthori0ed by his 'hur'h or reli!ious se't nd re!istered with the 'ivil re!istr r !ener l, 'tin! within the limits of the written uthority !r nted by his 'hur'h or reli!ious se't nd provided th t t le st one of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties belon!s to the solemni0in! offi'er8s 'hur'h or reli!ious se't/ *1- Any ship ' pt in or irpl ne 'hief only in the ' se mentioned in Arti'le 1$/ *4- Any milit ry 'omm nder of unit to whi'h 'h pl in is ssi!ned, in the bsen'e of the l tter, durin! milit ry oper tion, li3ewise only in the ' ses mentioned in Arti'le 1,/
*+- Any 'onsul9!ener l, 'onsul or vi'e9'onsul in the ' se provided in Arti'le $:. *+7 Arti'le. 6. 2he m rri !e sh ll be solemni0ed publi'ly in the 'h mbers of the (ud!e or in open 'ourt, in the 'hur'h, 'h pel or temple, or in the offi'e the 'onsul9 !ener l, 'onsul or vi'e9'onsul, s the ' se m y be, nd not elsewhere, e)'ept in ' ses of m rri !es 'ontr 'ted on the point of de th or in remote pl 'es in ''ord n'e with Arti'le ,; of this Code, or where both of the p rties re%uest the solemni0in! offi'er in writin! in whi'h ' se the m rri !e m y be solemni0ed t house or pl 'e desi!n ted by them in sworn st tement to th t effe't. *+5 Art. ;. A m rri !e li'ense sh ll be issued by the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r of the 'ity or muni'ip lity where either 'ontr 'tin! p rty h bitu lly resides, e)'ept in m rri !es where no li'ense is re%uired in ''ord n'e with Ch pter , of this 2itle. *+6 Art. $:. & rri !es between "ilipino 'iti0ens bro d m y be solemni0ed by 'onsul9!ener l, 'onsul or vi'e9'onsul of the Republi' of the Philippines. 2he issu n'e of the m rri !e li'ense nd the duties of the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r nd of the solemni0in! offi'er with re! rd to the 'elebr tion of m rri !e sh ll be performed by s id 'onsul r offi'i l. *5+ Art. $$. <here m rri !e li'ense is re%uired, e 'h of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties sh ll file sep r tely sworn ppli' tion for su'h li'ense with the proper lo' l 'ivil re!istr r whi'h sh ll spe'ify the followin!# *$- "ull n me of the 'ontr 'tin! p rty/ *,- Pl 'e of birth/ *1- A!e nd d te of birth/ *4- Civil st tus/ *+- If previously m rried, how, when nd where the previous m rri !e w s dissolved or nnulled/ *7- Present residen'e nd 'iti0enship/ *5- =e!ree of rel tionship of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties/ *6- "ull n me, residen'e nd 'iti0enship of the f ther/
*;- "ull n me, residen'e nd 'iti0enship of the mother/ nd *$:- "ull n me, residen'e !u rdi n or person h vin! 'ontr 'tin! p rty h s neither f under the !e of twenty9one ye nd 'iti0enship of the 'h r!e, in ' se the ther nor mother nd is rs.
!e of s id p rties, s st ted in the ppli' tion, or when the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r sh ll, by merely loo3in! t the ppli' nts upon their person lly ppe rin! before him, be 'onvin'ed th t either or both of them h ve the re%uired !e. *7: Art. $1. In ' se either of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties h s been previously m rried, the ppli' nt sh ll be re%uired to furnish, inste d of the birth or b ptism l 'ertifi' te re%uired in the l st pre'edin! rti'le, the de th 'ertifi' te of the de'e sed spouse or the (udi'i l de'ree of the bsolute divor'e, or the (udi'i l de'ree of nnulment or de'l r tion of nullity of his or her previous m rri !e. In ' se the de th 'ertifi' te ' nnot be se'ured, the p rty sh ll m 3e n ffid vit settin! forth this 'ir'umst n'e nd his or her 'tu l 'ivil st tus nd the n me nd d te of de th of the de'e sed spouse. *7$ Art. $4. In ' se either or both of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties, not h vin! been em n'ip ted by previous m rri !e, re between the !es of ei!hteen nd twenty9one, they sh ll, in ddition to the re%uirements of the pre'edin! rti'les, e)hibit to the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r, the 'onsent to their m rri !e of their f ther, mother, survivin! p rent or !u rdi n, or persons h vin! le! l 'h r!e of them, in the order mentioned. >u'h 'onsent sh ll be m nifested in writin! by the interested p rty, who person lly ppe rs before the proper lo' l 'ivil re!istr r, or in the form of n ffid vit m de in the presen'e of two witnesses nd ttested before ny offi'i l uthori0ed by l w to dminister o ths. 2he person l m nifest tion sh ll be re'orded in both ppli' tions for m rri !e li'ense, nd the ffid vit, if one is e)e'uted inste d, sh ll be tt 'hed to s id ppli' tions. *7$ Art. $+. Any 'ontr 'tin! p rty between the !e of twenty9one nd twenty9five sh ll be obli!ed to s3 their p rents or !u rdi n for dvi'e upon the intended m rri !e. If they do not obt in su'h dvi'e, or if it be unf vor ble, the m rri !e li'ense sh ll not be issued till fter three months followin! the 'ompletion of the publi' tion of the ppli' tion therefor. A sworn st tement by the 'ontr 'tin! p rties to the effe't th t su'h dvi'e h s been sou!ht, to!ether with the written dvi'e !iven, if ny, sh ll be tt 'hed to the ppli' tion for m rri !e li'ense. >hould the p rents or !u rdi n refuse to !ive ny dvi'e, this f 't sh ll be
st ted in the sworn st tement. *7, Art. $7. In the ' ses where p rent l 'onsent or p rent l dvi'e is needed, the p rty or p rties 'on'erned sh ll, in ddition to the re%uirements of the pre'edin! rti'les, tt 'h 'ertifi' te issued by priest, im m or minister uthori0ed to solemni0e m rri !e under Arti'le 5 of this Code or m rri !e 'ounselor duly ''redited by the proper !overnment !en'y to the effe't th t the 'ontr 'tin! p rties h ve under!one m rri !e 'ounselin!. " ilure to tt 'h s id 'ertifi' tes of m rri !e 'ounselin! sh ll suspend the issu n'e of the m rri !e li'ense for period of three months from the 'ompletion of the publi' tion of the ppli' tion. Issu n'e of the m rri !e li'ense within the prohibited period sh ll sub(e't the issuin! offi'er to dministr tive s n'tions but sh ll not ffe't the v lidity of the m rri !e. >hould only one of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties need p rent l 'onsent or p rent l dvi'e, the other p rty must be present t the 'ounselin! referred to in the pre'edin! p r !r ph. *nArt. $5. 2he lo' l 'ivil re!istr r sh ll prep re noti'e whi'h sh ll 'ont in the full n mes nd residen'es of the ppli' nts for m rri !e li'ense nd other d t !iven in the ppli' tions. 2he noti'e sh ll be posted for ten 'onse'utive d ys on bulletin bo rd outside the offi'e of the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r lo' ted in 'onspi'uous pl 'e within the buildin! nd ''essible to the !ener l publi'. 2his noti'e sh ll re%uest ll persons h vin! 3nowled!e of ny impediment to the m rri !e to dvise the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r thereof. 2he m rri !e li'ense sh ll be issued fter the 'ompletion of the period of publi' tion. *71 Art. $6. In ' se of ny impediment 3nown to the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r or brou!ht to his ttention, he sh ll note down the p rti'ul rs thereof nd his findin!s thereon in the ppli' tion for m rri !e li'ense, but sh ll nonetheless issue s id li'ense fter the 'ompletion of the period of publi' tion, unless ordered otherwise by 'ompetent 'ourt t his own inst n'e or th t of ny interest p rty. No filin! fee sh ll be 'h r!ed for the petition nor 'orrespondin! bond re%uired for the issu n'es of the order. *74 Art. $;. 2he lo' l 'ivil re!istr r sh ll re%uire the p yment of the fees pres'ribed by l w or re!ul tions before the issu n'e of the m rri !e li'ense. No other
2he ppli' nts, their p rents or !u rdi ns sh ll not be re%uired to e)hibit their residen'e 'ertifi' tes in ny form lity in 'onne'tion with the se'urin! of the m rri !e li'ense. *+; Art. $,. 2he lo' l 'ivil re!istr r, upon re'eivin! su'h ppli' tion, sh ll re%uire the present tion of the ori!in l birth 'ertifi' tes or, in def ult thereof, the b ptism l 'ertifi' tes of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties or 'opies of su'h do'uments duly ttested by the persons h vin! 'ustody of the ori!in ls. 2hese 'ertifi' tes or 'ertified 'opies of the do'uments by this Arti'le need not be sworn to nd sh ll be e)empt from the do'ument ry st mp t ). 2he si!n ture nd offi'i l title of the person issuin! the 'ertifi' te sh ll be suffi'ient proof of its uthenti'ity. If either of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties is un ble to produ'e his birth or b ptism l 'ertifi' te or 'ertified 'opy of either be' use of the destru'tion or loss of the ori!in l or if it is shown by n ffid vit of su'h p rty or of ny other person th t su'h birth or b ptism l 'ertifi' te h s not yet been re'eived thou!h the s me h s been re%uired of the person h vin! 'ustody thereof t le st fifteen d ys prior to the d te of the ppli' tion, su'h p rty m y furnish in lieu thereof his 'urrent residen'e 'ertifi' te or n instrument dr wn up nd sworn to before the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r 'on'erned or ny publi' offi'i l uthori0ed to dminister o ths. >u'h instrument sh ll 'ont in the sworn de'l r tion of two witnesses of l wful !e, settin! forth the full n me, residen'e nd 'iti0enship of su'h 'ontr 'tin! p rty nd of his or her p rents, if 3nown, nd the pl 'e nd d te of birth of su'h p rty. 2he ne rest of 3in of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties sh ll be preferred s witnesses, or, in their def ult, persons of !ood reput tion in the provin'e or the lo' lity. 2he present tion of birth or b ptism l 'ertifi' te sh ll not be re%uired if the p rents of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties ppe r person lly before the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r 'on'erned nd swe r to the 'orre'tness of the l wful
sum sh ll be 'olle'ted in the n ture of fee or t ) of ny 3ind for the issu n'e of s id li'ense. It sh ll, however, be issued free of 'h r!e to indi!ent p rties, th t is those who h ve no visible me ns of in'ome or whose in'ome is insuffi'ient for their subsisten'e f 't est blished by their ffid vit, or by their o th before the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r. *7+ Art. ,:. 2he li'ense sh ll be v lid in ny p rt of the Philippines for period of one hundred twenty d ys from the d te of issue, nd sh ll be deemed utom ti' lly ' n'eled t the e)pir tion of the s id period if the 'ontr 'tin! p rties h ve not m de use of it. 2he e)piry d te sh ll be st mped in bold 'h r 'ters on the f 'e of every li'ense issued. *7+ Art. ,$. <hen either or both of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties re 'iti0ens of forei!n 'ountry, it sh ll be ne'ess ry for them before m rri !e li'ense ' n be obt ined, to submit 'ertifi' te of le! l ' p 'ity to 'ontr 't m rri !e, issued by their respe'tive diplom ti' or 'onsul r offi'i ls. >t teless persons or refu!ees from other 'ountries sh ll, in lieu of the 'ertifi' te of le! l ' p 'ity herein re%uired, submit n ffid vit st tin! the 'ir'umst n'es showin! su'h ' p 'ity to 'ontr 't m rri !e. *77 Art. ,,. 2he m rri !e 'ertifi' te, in whi'h the p rties sh ll de'l re th t they t 3e e 'h other s husb nd nd wife, sh ll lso st te# *$- 2he full n me, se) p rty/ nd !e of e 'h 'ontr 'tin!
*5- 2h t the p rties h ve entered into m rri !e settlement, if ny, tt 'hin! 'opy thereof. *75 Art. ,1. It sh ll be the duty of the person solemni0in! the m rri !e to furnish either of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties the ori!in l of the m rri !e 'ertifi' te referred to in Arti'le 7 nd to send the dupli' te nd tripli' te 'opies of the 'ertifi' te not l ter th n fifteen d ys fter the m rri !e, to the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r of the pl 'e where the m rri !e w s solemni0ed. Proper re'eipts sh ll be issued by the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r to the solemni0in! offi'er tr nsmittin! 'opies of the m rri !e 'ertifi' te. 2he solemni0in! offi'er sh ll ret in in his file the %u drupli' te 'opy of the m rri !e 'ertifi' te, the 'opy of the m rri !e 'ertifi' te, the ori!in l of the m rri !e li'ense nd, in proper ' ses, the ffid vit of the 'ontr 'tin! p rty re! rdin! the solemni0 tion of the m rri !e in pl 'e other th n those mentioned in Arti'le 6. *76 Art. ,4. It sh ll be the duty of the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r to prep re the do'uments re%uired by this 2itle, nd to dminister o ths to ll interested p rties without ny 'h r!e in both ' ses. 2he do'uments nd ffid vits filed in 'onne'tion with ppli' tions for m rri !e li'enses sh ll be e)empt from do'ument ry st mp t ). *nArt. ,+. 2he lo' l 'ivil re!istr r 'on'erned sh ll enter ll ppli' tions for m rri !e li'enses filed with him in re!istry boo3 stri'tly in the order in whi'h the s me re re'eived. ?e sh ll re'ord in s id boo3 the n mes of the ppli' nts, the d te on whi'h the m rri !e li'ense w s issued, nd su'h other d t s m y be ne'ess ry. *nArt. ,7. All m rri !es solemni0ed outside the Philippines, in ''ord n'e with the l ws in for'e in the 'ountry where they were solemni0ed, nd v lid there s su'h, sh ll lso be v lid in this 'ountry, e)'ept those prohibited under Arti'les 1+ *$-, *4-, *+- nd *7-, 1715 nd 16. *$5 <here m rri !e between "ilipino 'iti0en nd forei!ner is v lidly 'elebr ted nd divor'e is there fter v lidly obt ined bro d by the lien spouse ' p 'it tin! him or her to rem rry, the "ilipino spouse sh ll h ve ' p 'ity to rem rry under Philippine l w. *As mended by @)e'utive Order ,,5Ch pter ,. & rri !es @)empted from .i'ense
Re%uirement Art. ,5. In ' se either or both of the p rties re t the point of de th, the m rri solemni0ed without ne'essity of m rri nd sh ll rem in v lid even if the subse%uently survives. *5, 'ontr 'tin! !e m y be !e li'ense ilin! p rty
Art. ,6. If the residen'e of either p rty is so lo' ted th t there is no me ns of tr nsport tion to en ble su'h p rty to ppe r person lly before the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r, the m rri !e m y be solemni0ed without ne'essity of m rri !e li'ense. *5, Art. ,;. In the ' ses provided for in the two pre'edin! rti'les, the solemni0in! offi'er sh ll st te in n ffid vit e)e'uted before the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r or ny other person le! lly uthori0ed to dminister o ths th t the m rri !e w s performed in rti'ulo mortis or th t the residen'e of either p rty, spe'ifyin! the b rrio or b r n! y, is so lo' ted th t there is no me ns of tr nsport tion to en ble su'h p rty to ppe r person lly before the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r nd th t the offi'er too3 the ne'ess ry steps to s'ert in the !es nd rel tionship of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties nd the bsen'e of le! l impediment to the m rri !e. *5, Art. 1:. 2he ori!in l of the ffid vit re%uired in the l st pre'edin! rti'le, to!ether with the le!ible 'opy of the m rri !e 'ontr 't, sh ll be sent by the person solemni0in! the m rri !e to the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r of the muni'ip lity where it w s performed within the period of thirty d ys fter the perform n'e of the m rri !e. *5+ Art. 1$. A m rri !e in rti'ulo mortis between p ssen!ers or 'rew members m y lso be solemni0ed by ship ' pt in or by n irpl ne pilot not only while the ship is t se or the pl ne is in fli!ht, but lso durin! stopovers t ports of ' ll. *54 Art. 1,. A milit ry 'omm nder of unit, who is 'ommissioned offi'er, sh ll li3ewise h ve uthority to solemni0e m rri !es in rti'ulo mortis between persons within the 0one of milit ry oper tion, whether members of the rmed for'es or 'ivili ns. *54 Art. 11. & rri !es mon! &uslims or mon! members of the ethni' 'ultur l 'ommunities m y be performed v lidly without the ne'essity of m rri !e li'ense, provided they re solemni0ed in ''ord n'e
*,- 2heir 'iti0enship, reli!ion nd h bitu l residen'e/ *1- 2he d te nd pre'ise time of the 'elebr tion of the m rri !e/ *4- 2h t the proper m rri !e li'ense h s been issued ''ordin! to l w, e)'ept in m rri !e provided for in Ch pter , of this 2itle/ *+- 2h t either or both of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties h ve se'ured the p rent l 'onsent in ppropri te ' ses/ *7- 2h t either or both of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties h ve 'omplied with the le! l re%uirement re! rdin! p rent l dvi'e in ppropri te ' ses/ nd
with their 'ustoms, rites or pr 'ti'es. *56 Art. 14. No li'ense sh ll be ne'ess ry for the m rri !e of m n nd wom n who h ve lived to!ether s husb nd nd wife for t le st five ye rs nd without ny le! l impediment to m rry e 'h other. 2he 'ontr 'tin! p rties sh ll st te the fore!oin! f 'ts in n ffid vit before ny person uthori0ed by l w to dminister o ths. 2he solemni0in! offi'er sh ll lso st te under o th th t he s'ert ined the %u lifi' tions of the 'ontr 'tin! p rties re found no le! l impediment to the m rri !e. *57 Ch pter 1. Aoid nd Aoid ble & rri !es Art. 1+. 2he followin! m rri !es sh ll be void from the be!innin!# *$- 2hose 'ontr 'ted by ny p rty below ei!hteen ye rs of !e even with the 'onsent of p rents or !u rdi ns/ *,- 2hose solemni0ed by ny person not le! lly uthori0ed to perform m rri !es unless su'h m rri !es were 'ontr 'ted with either or both p rties believin! in !ood f ith th t the solemni0in! offi'er h d the le! l uthority to do so/ *1- 2hose solemni0ed without li'ense, e)'ept those 'overed the pre'edin! Ch pter/ *4- 2hose bi! mous or poly! mous m rri !es not f ilin! under Arti'le 4$/ *+- 2hose 'ontr 'ted throu!h mist 3e of one 'ontr 'tin! p rty s to the identity of the other/ nd *7- 2hose subse%uent m rri !es th t Arti'le +1. re void under *$- Between de!ree/ nd s'end nts nd des'end nts of ny
*,- Between brothers nd sisters, whether of the full or h lf blood. *6$ Art. 16. 2he followin! m rri !es sh ll be void from the be!innin! for re sons of publi' poli'y# *$- Between 'oll ter l blood rel tives whether le!itim te or ille!itim te, up to the fourth 'ivil de!ree/ *,- Between step9p rents nd step9'hildren/ *1- Between p rents9in9l w nd 'hildren9in9l w/ *4- Between the 'hild/ doptin! p rent nd the dopted doptin!
Art. 4$. A m rri !e 'ontr 'ted by ny person durin! subsisten'e of previous m rri !e sh ll be null nd void, unless before the 'elebr tion of the subse%uent m rri !e, the prior spouse h d been bsent for four 'onse'utive ye rs nd the spouse present h s well9 founded belief th t the bsent spouse w s lre dy de d. In ' se of dis ppe r n'e where there is d n!er of de th under the 'ir'umst n'es set forth in the provisions of Arti'le 1;$ of the Civil Code, n bsen'e of only two ye rs sh ll be suffi'ient. "or the purpose of 'ontr 'tin! the subse%uent m rri !e under the pre'edin! p r !r ph the spouse present must institute summ ry pro'eedin! s provided in this Code for the de'l r tion of presumptive de th of the bsentee, without pre(udi'e to the effe't of re ppe r n'e of the bsent spouse. *61 Art. 4,. 2he subse%uent m rri !e referred to in the pre'edin! Arti'le sh ll be utom ti' lly termin ted by the re'ordin! of the ffid vit of re ppe r n'e of the bsent spouse, unless there is (ud!ment nnullin! the previous m rri !e or de'l rin! it void b initio. A sworn st tement of the f 't nd 'ir'umst n'es of re ppe r n'e sh ll be re'orded in the 'ivil re!istry of the residen'e of the p rties to the subse%uent m rri !e t the inst n'e of ny interested person, with due noti'e to the spouses of the subse%uent m rri !e nd without pre(udi'e to the f 't of re ppe r n'e bein! (udi'i lly determined in ' se su'h f 't is disputed. *nArt. 41. 2he termin tion of the subse%uent m rri !e referred to in the pre'edin! Arti'le sh ll produ'e the followin! effe'ts# *$- 2he 'hildren of the subse%uent m rri !e 'on'eived prior to its termin tion sh ll be 'onsidered le!itim te/ *,- 2he bsolute 'ommunity of property or the 'on(u! l p rtnership, s the ' se m y be, sh ll be dissolved nd li%uid ted, but if either spouse 'ontr 'ted s id m rri !e in b d f ith, his or her sh re of the net profits of the 'ommunity property or 'on(u! l p rtnership property sh ll be forfeited in f vor of the 'ommon 'hildren or, if there re none, the 'hildren of the !uilty spouse by previous m rri !e or in def ult of 'hildren, the inno'ent spouse/
*+- Between the survivin! spouse of the p rent nd the dopted 'hild/
*7- Between the survivin! spouse of the dopted 'hild nd the dopter/ *5- Between n dopted 'hild nd the dopter/ *6- Between nd le!itim te 'hild of dopter/
dopted 'hildren of the s me
*;- Between p rties where one, with the intention to m rry the other, 3illed th t other person8s spouse, or his or her own spouse. *6,Art. 1;. 2he 'tion or defense for the de'l r tion of bsolute nullity of m rri !e sh ll not pres'ribe. *As mended by @)e'utive Order ,,5 nd Republi' A't No. 6+11/ 2he phr se C?owever, in ' se of m rri !e 'elebr ted before the effe'tivity of this Code nd f llin! under Arti'le 17, su'h 'tion or defense sh ll pres'ribe in ten ye rs fter this Code sh ll t 3en effe'tC h s been deleted by Republi' A't No. 6+11 DApproved "ebru ry ,1, $;;6E-. Art. 4:. 2he bsolute nullity of previous m rri !e m y be invo3ed for purposes of rem rri !e on the b sis solely of fin l (ud!ment de'l rin! su'h previous m rri !e void. *n-
Art. 17. A m rri !e 'ontr 'ted by ny p rty who, t the time of the 'elebr tion, w s psy'holo!i' lly in' p 'it ted to 'omply with the essenti l m rit l obli! tions of m rri !e, sh ll li3ewise be void even if su'h in' p 'ity be'omes m nifest only fter its solemni0 tion. *As mended by @)e'utive Order ,,5Art. 15. & rri !es between the followin! re in'estuous nd void from the be!innin!, whether rel tionship between the p rties be le!itim te or ille!itim te#
*1- =on tions by re son of m rri !e sh ll rem in v lid, e)'ept th t if the donee 'ontr 'ted the m rri !e in b d f ith, su'h don tions m de to s id donee re revo3ed by oper tion of l w/ *4- 2he inno'ent spouse m y revo3e the desi!n tion of the other spouse who 'ted in b d f ith s benefi'i ry in ny insur n'e poli'y, even if su'h desi!n tion be stipul ted s irrevo' ble/ nd *+- 2he spouse who 'ontr 'ted the subse%uent m rri !e in b d f ith sh ll be dis%u lified to inherit from the inno'ent spouse by test te nd intest te su''ession. *nArt. 44. If both spouses of the subse%uent m rri !e 'ted in b d f ith, s id m rri !e sh ll be void b initio nd ll don tions by re son of m rri !e nd test ment ry dispositions m de by one in f vor of the other re revo3ed by oper tion of l w. *nArt. 4+. A m rri !e m y be nnulled for ny of the followin! ' uses, e)istin! t the time of the m rri !e# *$- 2h t the p rty in whose beh lf it is sou!ht to h ve the m rri !e nnulled w s ei!hteen ye rs of !e or over but below twenty9one, nd the m rri !e w s solemni0ed without the 'onsent of the p rents, !u rdi n or person h vin! substitute p rent l uthority over the p rty, in th t order, unless fter tt inin! the !e of twenty9one, su'h p rty freely 'oh bited with the other nd both lived to!ether s husb nd nd wife/ *,- 2h t either p rty w s of unsound mind, unless su'h p rty fter 'omin! to re son, freely 'oh bited with the other s husb nd nd wife/ *1- 2h t the 'onsent of either p rty w s obt ined by fr ud, unless su'h p rty fterw rds, with full 3nowled!e of the f 'ts 'onstitutin! the fr ud, freely 'oh bited with the other s husb nd nd wife/ *4- 2h t the 'onsent of either p rty w s for'e, intimid tion or undue influen'e, s me h vin! dis ppe red or 'e sed, there fter freely 'oh bited with the other nd wife/ obt ined by unless the su'h p rty s husb nd
in' p 'ity 'ontinues nd ppe rs to be in'ur ble/ or *7- 2h t either p rty w s ffli'ted with se)u lly9 tr nsmissible dise se found to be serious nd ppe rs to be in'ur ble. *6+ Art. 47. Any of the followin! 'ir'umst n'es sh ll 'onstitute fr ud referred to in Number 1 of the pre'edin! Arti'le# *$- Non9dis'losure of previous 'onvi'tion by fin l (ud!ment of the other p rty of 'rime involvin! mor l turpitude/ *,- Con'e lment by the wife of the f 't th t t the time of the m rri !e, she w s pre!n nt by m n other th n her husb nd/ *1- Con'e lment of se)u lly tr nsmissible dise se, re! rdless of its n ture, e)istin! t the time of the m rri !e/ or *4- Con'e lment of dru! ddi'tion, h bitu l l'oholism or homose)u lity or lesbi nism e)istin! t the time of the m rri !e. No other misrepresent tion or de'eit s to 'h r 'ter, he lth, r n3, fortune or 'h stity sh ll 'onstitute su'h fr ud s will !ive !rounds for 'tion for the nnulment of m rri !e. *67 Art. 45. 2he 'tion for nnulment of m rri !e must be filed by the followin! persons nd within the periods indi' ted herein# *$- "or ' uses mentioned in number $ of Arti'le 4+ by the p rty whose p rent or !u rdi n did not !ive his or her 'onsent, within five ye rs fter tt inin! the !e of twenty9one, or by the p rent or !u rdi n or person h vin! le! l 'h r!e of the minor, t ny time before su'h p rty h s re 'hed the !e of twenty9one/ *,- "or ' uses mentioned in number , of Arti'le 4+, by the s me spouse, who h d no 3nowled!e of the other8s ins nity/ or by ny rel tive or !u rdi n or person h vin! le! l 'h r!e of the ins ne, t ny time before the de th of either p rty, or by the ins ne spouse durin! lu'id interv l or fter re! inin! s nity/ *1- "or ' uses mentioned in number 1 of Arti'le 4+, by the in(ured p rty, within five ye rs fter the
dis'overy of the fr ud/ *4- "or ' uses mentioned in number 4 of Arti'le 4+, by the in(ured p rty, within five ye rs from the time the for'e, intimid tion or undue influen'e dis ppe red or 'e sed/ *+- "or ' uses mentioned in number + nd 7 of Arti'le 4+, by the in(ured p rty, within five ye rs fter the m rri !e. *65 Art. 46. In ll ' ses of nnulment or de'l r tion of bsolute nullity of m rri !e, the Court sh ll order the prose'utin! ttorney or fis' l ssi!ned to it to ppe r on beh lf of the >t te to t 3e steps to prevent 'ollusion between the p rties nd to t 3e ' re th t eviden'e is not f bri' ted or suppressed. In the ' ses referred to in the pre'edin! p r !r ph, no (ud!ment sh ll be b sed upon stipul tion of f 'ts or 'onfession of (ud!ment. *66 Art. 4;. =urin! the penden'y of the 'tion nd in the bsen'e of de%u te provisions in written !reement between the spouses, the Court sh ll provide for the support of the spouses nd the 'ustody nd support of their 'ommon 'hildren. 2he Court sh ll !ive p r mount 'onsider tion to the mor l nd m teri l welf re of s id 'hildren nd their 'hoi'e of the p rent with whom they wish to rem in s provided to in 2itle IF. It sh ll lso provide for ppropri te visit tion ri!hts of the other p rent. *nArt. +:. 2he effe'ts provided for by p r !r phs *,-, *1-, *4- nd *+- of Arti'le 41 nd by Arti'le 44 sh ll lso pply in the proper ' ses to m rri !es whi'h re de'l red b initio or nnulled by fin l (ud!ment under Arti'les 4: nd 4+. 2he fin l (ud!ment in su'h ' ses sh ll provide for the li%uid tion, p rtition nd distribution of the properties of the spouses, the 'ustody nd support of the 'ommon 'hildren, nd the delivery of third presumptive le!itimes, unless su'h m tters h d been d(udi' ted in previous (udi'i l pro'eedin!s. All 'reditors of the spouses s well s of the bsolute 'ommunity or the 'on(u! l p rtnership sh ll be notified of the pro'eedin!s for li%uid tion. In the p rtition, the 'on(u! l dwellin! nd the lot on
*+- 2h t either p rty w s physi' lly in' p ble of 'onsumm tin! the m rri !e with the other, nd su'h
whi'h it is situ ted, sh ll be d(udi' ted in ''ord n'e with the provisions of Arti'les $:, nd $,;. Art. +$. In s id p rtition, the v lue of the presumptive le!itimes of ll 'ommon 'hildren, 'omputed s of the d te of the fin l (ud!ment of the tri l 'ourt, sh ll be delivered in ' sh, property or sound se'urities, unless the p rties, by mutu l !reement (udi'i lly pproved, h d lre dy provided for su'h m tters. 2he 'hildren or their !u rdi n or the trustee of their property m y s3 for the enfor'ement of the (ud!ment. 2he delivery of the presumptive le!itimes herein pres'ribed sh ll in no w y pre(udi'e the ultim te su''ession l ri!hts of the 'hildren ''ruin! upon the de th of either of both of the p rents/ but the v lue of the properties lre dy re'eived under the de'ree of nnulment or bsolute nullity sh ll be 'onsidered s dv n'es on their le!itime. *nArt. +,. 2he (ud!ment of nnulment or of bsolute nullity of the m rri !e, the p rtition nd distribution of the properties of the spouses nd the delivery of the 'hildren8s presumptive le!itimes sh ll be re'orded in the ppropri te 'ivil re!istry nd re!istries of property/ otherwise, the s me sh ll not ffe't third persons. *nArt. +1. @ither of the former spouses m y m rry ! in fter 'ompli n'e with the re%uirements of the immedi tely pre'edin! Arti'le/ otherwise, the subse%uent m rri !e sh ll be null nd void. Art. +4. Children 'on'eived or born before the (ud!ment of nnulment or bsolute nullity of the m rri !e under Arti'le 17 h s be'ome fin l nd e)e'utory sh ll be 'onsidered le!itim te. Children 'on'eived or born of the subse%uent m rri !e under Arti'le +1 sh ll li3ewise be le!itim te. TITLE II LE"AL SEPARATION Art. ++. A petition for le! l sep r tion m y be filed on ny of the followin! !rounds# *$- Repe ted physi' l violen'e or !rossly busive 'ondu't dire'ted ! inst the petitioner, 'ommon 'hild, or 'hild of the petitioner/ *,- Physi' l violen'e or mor l pressure to 'ompel the
petitioner to 'h n!e reli!ious or politi' l ffili tion/ *1- Attempt of respondent to 'orrupt or indu'e the petitioner, 'ommon 'hild, or 'hild of the petitioner, to en! !e in prostitution, or 'onniv n'e in su'h 'orruption or indu'ement/ *4- "in l (ud!ment senten'in! the respondent to imprisonment of more th n si) ye rs, even if p rdoned/ *+- =ru! ddi'tion or h bitu l respondent/ l'oholism of the
Art. +5. An 'tion for le! l sep r tion sh ll be filed within five ye rs from the time of the o''urren'e of the ' use. *$:,Art. +6. An 'tion for le! l sep r tion sh ll in no ' se be tried before si) months sh ll h ve el psed sin'e the filin! of the petition. *$:1Art. +;. No le! l sep r tion m y be de'reed unless the Court h s t 3en steps tow rd the re'on'ili tion of the spouses nd is fully s tisfied, despite su'h efforts, th t re'on'ili tion is hi!hly improb ble. *nArt. 7:. No de'ree of le! l sep r tion sh ll be b sed upon stipul tion of f 'ts or 'onfession of (ud!ment. In ny ' se, the Court sh ll order the prose'utin! ttorney or fis' l ssi!ned to it to t 3e steps to prevent 'ollusion between the p rties nd to t 3e ' re th t the eviden'e is not f bri' ted or suppressed. *$:$ Art. 7$. After the filin! of the petition for le! l sep r tion, the spouses sh ll be entitled to live sep r tely from e 'h other. 2he 'ourt, in the bsen'e of written !reement between the spouses, sh ll desi!n te either of them or third person to dminister the bsolute 'ommunity or 'on(u! l p rtnership property. 2he dministr tor ppointed by the 'ourt sh ll h ve the s me powers nd duties s those of !u rdi n under the Rules of Court. *$:4 Art. 7,. =urin! the penden'y of the 'tion for le! l sep r tion, the provisions of Arti'le 4; sh ll li3ewise pply to the support of the spouses nd the 'ustody nd support of the 'ommon 'hildren. *$:+ Art. 71. 2he de'ree of le! l sep r tion sh ll h ve the followin! effe'ts# *$- 2he spouses sh ll be entitled to live sep r tely from e 'h other, but the m rri !e bonds sh ll not be severed/ *,- 2he bsolute 'ommunity or the 'on(u! l p rtnership sh ll be dissolved nd li%uid ted but the offendin! spouse sh ll h ve no ri!ht to ny sh re of the net profits e rned by the bsolute 'ommunity or
*7- .esbi nism or homose)u lity of the respondent/ *5- Contr 'tin! by the respondent of subse%uent bi! mous m rri !e, whether in the Philippines or bro d/ *6- >e)u l infidelity or perversion/ *;- Attempt by the respondent petitioner/ or ! inst the life of the
*$:- Ab ndonment of petitioner by respondent without (ustifi ble ' use for more th n one ye r. "or purposes of this Arti'le, the term C'hildC sh ll in'lude 'hild by n ture or by doption. *; Art. +7. 2he petition for le! l sep r tion sh ll be denied on ny of the followin! !rounds# *$- <here the !!rieved p rty h s 'ondoned the offense or 't 'ompl ined of/ *,- <here the !!rieved p rty h s 'onsented to the 'ommission of the offense or 't 'ompl ined of/ *1- <here there is 'onniv n'e between the p rties in the 'ommission of the offense or 't 'onstitutin! the !round for le! l sep r tion/ *4- <here both p rties h ve !iven !round for le! l sep r tion/ *+- <here there is 'ollusion between the p rties to obt in de'ree of le! l sep r tion/ or *7- <here the 'tion is b rred by pres'ription. *$:: -
the 'on(u! l p rtnership, whi'h sh ll be forfeited in ''ord n'e with the provisions of Arti'le 41*,-/ *1- 2he 'ustody of the minor 'hildren sh ll be w rded to the inno'ent spouse, sub(e't to the provisions of Arti'le ,$1 of this Code/ nd *4- 2he offendin! spouse sh ll be dis%u lified from inheritin! from the inno'ent spouse by intest te su''ession. &oreover, provisions in f vor of the offendin! spouse m de in the will of the inno'ent spouse sh ll be revo3ed by oper tion of l w. *$:7 Art. 74. After the fin lity of the de'ree of le! l sep r tion, the inno'ent spouse m y revo3e the don tions m de by him or by her in f vor of the offendin! spouse, s well s the desi!n tion of the l tter s benefi'i ry in ny insur n'e poli'y, even if su'h desi!n tion be stipul ted s irrevo' ble. 2he revo' tion of the don tions sh ll be re'orded in the re!istries of property in the pl 'es where the properties re lo' ted. Alien tions, liens nd en'umbr n'es re!istered in !ood f ith before the re'ordin! of the 'ompl int for revo' tion in the re!istries of property sh ll be respe'ted. 2he revo' tion of or 'h n!e in the desi!n tion of the insur n'e benefi'i ry sh ll t 3e effe't upon written notifi' tion thereof to the insured. 2he 'tion to revo3e the don tion under this Arti'le must be brou!ht within five ye rs from the time the de'ree of le! l sep r tion be'ome fin l. *$:5 Art. 7+. If the 'orrespondin! (oint si!ned by them sh s me pro'eedin! for spouses should re'on'ile, m nifest tion under o th duly ll be filed with the 'ourt in the le! l sep r tion. *n-
re'orded in the proper 'ivil re!istries. *$:6 Art. 75. 2he !reement to revive the former property re!ime referred to in the pre'edin! Arti'le sh ll be e)e'uted under o th nd sh ll spe'ify# *$- 2he properties to be 'ontributed restored re!ime/ *,- 2hose to be ret ined e 'h spouse/ nd new to the
' se of insuffi'ien'y or bsen'e of s id in'ome or fruits, su'h obli! tions sh ll be s tisfied from the sep r te properties. *$$$ Art. 5$. 2he m n !ement of the household sh ll be the ri!ht nd the duty of both spouses. 2he e)penses for su'h m n !ement sh ll be p id in ''ord n'e with the provisions of Arti'le 5:. *$$+ Art. 5,. <hen one of the spouses ne!le'ts his or her duties to the 'on(u! l union or 'ommits 'ts whi'h tend to brin! d n!er, dishonor or in(ury to the other or to the f mily, the !!rieved p rty m y pply to the 'ourt for relief. *$$7 Art. 51. @ither spouse m y e)er'ise ny le!itim te profession, o''up tion, business or 'tivity without the 'onsent of the other. 2he l tter m y ob(e't only on v lid, serious, nd mor l !rounds. In ' se of dis !reement, the 'ourt sh ll de'ide whether or not# *$- 2he ob(e'tion is proper/ nd *,- Benefit h s o''urred to the f mily prior to the ob(e'tion or there fter. If the benefit ''rued prior to the ob(e'tion, the resultin! obli! tion sh ll be enfor'ed ! inst the sep r te property of the spouse who h s not obt ined 'onsent. 2he fore!oin! provisions sh ll not pre(udi'e the ri!hts of 'reditors who 'ted in !ood f ith. *$$5 TITLE IV PROPERTY RELATIONS #ET$EEN HUS#AND AND $IFE Ch pter $. Gener l Provisions
s sep r ted properties of
*1- 2he n mes of ll their 3nown 'reditors, their ddresses nd the mounts owin! to e 'h. 2he !reement of reviv l nd the motion for its pprov l sh ll be filed with the 'ourt in the s me pro'eedin! for le! l sep r tion, with 'opies of both furnished to the 'reditors n med therein. After due he rin!, the 'ourt sh ll, in its order, t 3e me sure to prote't the interest of 'reditors nd su'h order sh ll be re'orded in the proper re!istries of properties. 2he re'ordin! of the orderin! in the re!istries of property sh ll not pre(udi'e ny 'reditor not listed or not notified, unless the debtor9spouse h s suffi'ient sep r te properties to s tisfy the 'reditor8s 'l im. *$;+ , $:6 TITLE III RI"HTS AND O#LI"ATIONS #ET$EEN HUS#AND AND $IFE Art. 76. 2he husb nd nd wife re obli!ed to live to!ether, observe mutu l love, respe't nd fidelity, nd render mutu l help nd support. *$:; Art. 7;. 2he husb nd nd wife sh ll fi) the f mily domi'ile. In ' se of dis !reement, the 'ourt sh ll de'ide. 2he 'ourt m y e)empt one spouse from livin! with the other if the l tter should live bro d or there re other v lid nd 'ompellin! re sons for the e)emption. ?owever, su'h e)emption sh ll not pply if the s me is not 'omp tible with the solid rity of the f mily. *$$: Art. 5:. 2he spouses re (ointly responsible for the support of the f mily. 2he e)penses for su'h support nd other 'on(u! l obli! tions sh ll be p id from the 'ommunity property nd, in the bsen'e thereof, from the in'ome or fruits of their sep r te properties. In
Art. 77. 2he re'on'ili tion referred to in the pre'edin! Arti'les sh ll h ve the followin! 'onse%uen'es# *$- 2he le! l sep r tion pro'eedin!s, if still pendin!, sh ll thereby be termin ted t wh tever st !e/ nd *,- 2he fin l de'ree of le! l sep r tion sh ll be set side, but the sep r tion of property nd ny forfeiture of the sh re of the !uilty spouse lre dy effe'ted sh ll subsist, unless the spouses !ree to revive their former property re!ime. 2he 'ourt8s order 'ont inin! the fore!oin! sh ll be
Art. 54. 2he property rel tionship between husb nd nd wife sh ll be !overned in the followin! order# *$- By m rri !e settlements e)e'uted before the m rri !e/ *,- By the provisions of this Code/ nd *1- By the lo' l 'ustom. *$$6Art. 5+. 2he future spouses m y, in the m rri !e
settlements, !ree upon the re!ime of bsolute 'ommunity, 'on(u! l p rtnership of ! ins, 'omplete sep r tion of property, or ny other re!ime. In the bsen'e of m rri !e settlement, or when the re!ime !reed upon is void, the system of bsolute 'ommunity of property s est blished in this Code sh ll !overn. *$$; Art. 57. In order th t ny modifi' tion in the m rri !e settlements m y be v lid, it must be m de before the 'elebr tion of the m rri !e, sub(e't to the provisions of Arti'les 77, 75, $,6, $1+ nd $17. *$,$Art. 55. 2he m rri !e settlements nd ny modifi' tion thereof sh ll be in writin!, si!ned by the p rties nd e)e'uted before the 'elebr tion of the m rri !e. 2hey sh ll not pre(udi'e third persons unless they re re!istered in the lo' l 'ivil re!istry where the m rri !e 'ontr 't is re'orded s well s in the proper re!istries of properties. *$,, Art. 56. A minor who ''ordin! to l w m y 'ontr 't m rri !e m y lso e)e'ute his or her m rri !e settlements, but they sh ll be v lid only if the persons desi!n ted in Arti'le $4 to !ive 'onsent to the m rri !e re m de p rties to the !reement, sub(e't to the provisions of 2itle IF of this Code. *$,: Art. 5;. "or the v lidity of ny m rri !e settlement e)e'uted by person upon whom senten'e of 'ivil interdi'tion h s been pronoun'ed or who is sub(e't to ny other dis bility, it sh ll be indispens ble for the !u rdi n ppointed by 'ompetent 'ourt to be m de p rty thereto. *$,1 Art. 6:. In the bsen'e of 'ontr ry stipul tion in m rri !e settlement, the property rel tions of the spouses sh ll be !overned by Philippine l ws, re! rdless of the pl 'e of the 'elebr tion of the m rri !e nd their residen'e. 2his rule sh ll not pply# *$- <here both spouses re liens/ *,- <ith respe't to the e)trinsi' v lidity of 'ontr 'ts ffe'tin! property not situ ted in the Philippines nd e)e'uted in the 'ountry where the property is lo' ted/ nd *1- <ith respe't to the e)trinsi' v lidity of 'ontr 'ts
entered into in the Philippines but ffe'tin! property situ ted in forei!n 'ountry whose l ws re%uire different form lities for its e)trinsi' v lidity. *$,4 Art. 6$. @verythin! stipul ted in the settlements or 'ontr 'ts referred to in the pre'edin! rti'les in 'onsider tion of future m rri !e, in'ludin! don tions between the prospe'tive spouses m de therein, sh ll be rendered void if the m rri !e does not t 3e pl 'e. ?owever, stipul tions th t do not depend upon the 'elebr tion of the m rri !es sh ll be v lid. *$,+ Ch pter ,. =on tions by Re son of & rri !e Art. 6,. =on tions by re son of m rri !e re those whi'h re m de before its 'elebr tion, in 'onsider tion of the s me, nd in f vor of one or both of the future spouses. *$,7Art. 61. 2hese don tions re !overned by the rules on ordin ry don tions est blished in 2itle III of Boo3 III of the Civil Code, insof r s they re not modified by the followin! rti'les. *$,5 Art. 64. If the future spouses !ree upon re!ime other th n the bsolute 'ommunity of property, they ' nnot don te to e 'h other in their m rri !e settlements more th n one9fifth of their present property. Any e)'ess sh ll be 'onsidered void. =on tions of future property sh ll be !overned by the provisions on test ment ry su''ession nd the form lities of wills. *$1: Art. 6+. =on tions by re son of m rri !e of property sub(e't to en'umbr n'es sh ll be v lid. In ' se of fore'losure of the en'umbr n'e nd the property is sold for less th n the tot l mount of the obli! tion se'ured, the donee sh ll not be li ble for the defi'ien'y. If the property is sold for more th n the tot l mount of s id obli! tion, the donee sh ll be entitled to the e)'ess. *$1$ Art. 67. A don tion by re son of m rri !e m y be revo3ed by the donor in the followin! ' ses# *$- If the m rri !e is not 'elebr ted or (udi'i lly de'l red void b initio e)'ept don tions m de in the m rri !e settlements, whi'h sh ll be !overned by Arti'le 6$/
*,- <hen the m rri !e t 3es pl 'e without the 'onsent of the p rents or !u rdi n, s re%uired by l w/ *1- <hen the m rri !e is 'ted in b d f ith/ nnulled, nd the donee
*4- Upon le! l sep r tion, the donee bein! the !uilty spouse/ *+- If it is with resolutory 'ondition nd the 'ondition is 'omplied with/ *7- <hen the donee h s 'ommitted n 't of in!r titude s spe'ified by the provisions of the Civil Code on don tions in !ener l. *$1, Art. 65. @very don tion or !r nt of !r tuitous dv nt !e, dire't or indire't, between the spouses durin! the m rri !e sh ll be void, e)'ept moder te !ifts whi'h the spouses m y !ive e 'h other on the o'' sion of ny f mily re(oi'in!. 2he prohibition sh ll lso pply to persons livin! to!ether s husb nd nd wife without v lid m rri !e. *$11 Ch pter 1. >ystem of Absolute Community >e'tion $. Gener l Provisions Art. 66. 2he bsolute 'ommunity of property between spouses sh ll 'ommen'e t the pre'ise moment th t the m rri !e is 'elebr ted. Any stipul tion, e)press or implied, for the 'ommen'ement of the 'ommunity re!ime t ny other time sh ll be void. *$4+ Art. 6;. No w iver of ri!hts, sh res nd effe'ts of the bsolute 'ommunity of property durin! the m rri !e ' n be m de e)'ept in ' se of (udi'i l sep r tion of property. <hen the w iver t 3es pl 'e upon (udi'i l sep r tion of property, or fter the m rri !e h s been dissolved or nnulled, the s me sh ll ppe r in publi' instrument nd sh ll be re'orded s provided in Arti'le 55. 2he 'reditors of the spouse who m de su'h w iver m y petition the 'ourt to res'ind the w iver to the e)tent of the mount suffi'ient to 'over the mount of their 'redits. *$47 Art. ;:. 2he provisions on 'o9ownership sh ll pply to
the bsolute 'ommunity of property between the spouses in ll m tters not provided for in this Ch pter. *n>e'tion ,. <h t Constitutes Community Property Art. ;$. Unless otherwise provided in this Ch pter or in the m rri !e settlements, the 'ommunity property sh ll 'onsist of ll the property owned by the spouses t the time of the 'elebr tion of the m rri !e or '%uired there fter. *$;5 Art. ;,. 2he followin! sh ll be e)'luded from the 'ommunity property# *$- Property '%uired durin! the m rri !e by !r tuitous title by either spouse, nd the fruits s well s the in'ome thereof, if ny, unless it is e)pressly provided by the donor, test tor or !r ntor th t they sh ll form p rt of the 'ommunity property/ *,- Property for person l nd e)'lusive use of either spouse. ?owever, (ewelry sh ll form p rt of the 'ommunity property/ *1- Property '%uired before the m rri !e by either spouse who h s le!itim te des'end nts by former m rri !e, nd the fruits s well s the in'ome, if ny, of su'h property. *,:$ Art. ;1. Property '%uired durin! the m rri !e is presumed to belon! to the 'ommunity, unless it is proved th t it is one of those e)'luded therefrom. *$7:>e'tion 1. Ch r!es Community nd Obli! tions of the Absolute
*1- =ebts nd obli! tions 'ontr 'ted by either spouse without the 'onsent of the other to the e)tent th t the f mily m y h ve been benefited/ *4- All t )es, liens, 'h r!es nd e)penses, in'ludin! m (or or minor rep irs, upon the 'ommunity property/ *+- All t )es nd e)penses for mere preserv tion m de durin! m rri !e upon the sep r te property of either spouse used by the f mily/ *7- @)penses to en ble either spouse to 'ommen'e or 'omplete profession l or vo' tion l 'ourse, or other 'tivity for self9improvement/ *5- Ante9nupti l debts of either spouse insof r s they h ve redounded to the benefit of the f mily/ *6- 2he v lue of wh t is don ted or promised by both spouses in f vor of their 'ommon le!itim te 'hildren for the e)'lusive purpose of 'ommen'in! or 'ompletin! profession l or vo' tion l 'ourse or other 'tivity for self9improvement/ *;- Ante9nupti l debts of either spouse other th n those f llin! under p r !r ph *5- of this Arti'le, the support of ille!itim te 'hildren of either spouse, nd li bilities in'urred by either spouse by re son of 'rime or %u si9deli't, in ' se of bsen'e or insuffi'ien'y of the e)'lusive property of the debtor9 spouse, the p yment of whi'h sh ll be 'onsidered s dv n'es to be dedu'ted from the sh re of the debtor9 spouse upon li%uid tion of the 'ommunity/ nd *$:- @)penses of liti! tion between the spouses unless the suit is found to be !roundless. If the 'ommunity property is insuffi'ient to 'over the fore!oin! li bilities, e)'ept those f llin! under p r !r ph *;-, the spouses sh ll be solid rily li ble for the unp id b l n'e with their sep r te properties. *$7$ , $7, , $71 , ,:, 9,:+ Art. ;+. <h tever m y be lost durin! the m rri !e in ny ! me of 'h n'e, bettin!, sweepst 3es, or ny other 3ind of ! mblin!, whether permitted or prohibited by l w, sh ll be borne by the loser nd sh ll not be 'h r!ed to the 'ommunity but ny winnin!s therefrom sh ll form p rt of the 'ommunity property. *$74 -
>e'tion 4. Ownership, Administr tive, @n(oyment nd =isposition of the Community Property Art. ;7. 2he dministr tion nd en(oyment of the 'ommunity property sh ll belon! to both spouses (ointly. In ' se of dis !reement, the husb nd8s de'ision sh ll prev il, sub(e't to re'ourse to the 'ourt by the wife for proper remedy, whi'h must be v iled of within five ye rs from the d te of the 'ontr 't implementin! su'h de'ision. In the event th t one spouse is in' p 'it ted or otherwise un ble to p rti'ip te in the dministr tion of the 'ommon properties, the other spouse m y ssume sole powers of dministr tion. 2hese powers do not in'lude disposition or en'umbr n'e without uthority of the 'ourt or the written 'onsent of the other spouse. In the bsen'e of su'h uthority or 'onsent, the disposition or en'umbr n'e sh ll be void. ?owever, the tr ns 'tion sh ll be 'onstrued s 'ontinuin! offer on the p rt of the 'onsentin! spouse nd the third person, nd m y be perfe'ted s bindin! 'ontr 't upon the ''ept n'e by the other spouse or uthori0 tion by the 'ourt before the offer is withdr wn by either or both offerors. *,:7 Art. ;5. @ither spouse m y dispose by will of his or her interest in the 'ommunity property. *nArt. ;6. Neither spouse m y don te ny 'ommunity property without the 'onsent of the other. ?owever, either spouse m y, without the 'onsent of the other, m 3e moder te don tions from the 'ommunity property for 'h rity or on o'' sions of f mily re(oi'in! or f mily distress. *n>e'tion +. =issolution of Absolute Community Re!ime Art. ;;. 2he bsolute 'ommunity termin tes# *$- Upon the de th of either spouse/ *,- <hen there is de'ree of le! l sep r tion/
Art. ;4. 2he bsolute 'ommunity of property sh ll be li ble for# *$- 2he support of the spouses, their 'ommon 'hildren, nd le!itim te 'hildren of either spouse/ however, the support of ille!itim te 'hildren sh ll be !overned by the provisions of this Code on >upport/ *,- All debts nd obli! tions 'ontr 'ted durin! the m rri !e by the desi!n ted dministr tor9spouse for the benefit of the 'ommunity, or by both spouses, or by one spouse with the 'onsent of the other/
*1- <hen the m rri !e is nnulled or de'l red void/ or *4- In ' se of (udi'i l sep r tion of property durin! the m rri !e under Arti'les $14 to $16. *$5+ Art. $::. 2he sep r tion in f 't between husb nd nd wife sh ll not ffe't the re!ime of bsolute 'ommunity
e)'ept th t# *$- 2he spouse who le ves the 'on(u! l home or refuses to live therein, without (ust ' use, sh ll not h ve the ri!ht to be supported/ *,- <hen the 'onsent of one spouse to ny tr ns 'tion of the other is re%uired by l w, (udi'i l uthori0 tion sh ll be obt ined in summ ry pro'eedin!/ *1- In the bsen'e of suffi'ient 'ommunity property, the sep r te property of both spouses sh ll be solid rily li ble for the support of the f mily. 2he spouse present sh ll, upon proper petition in summ ry pro'eedin!, be !iven (udi'i l uthority to dminister or en'umber ny spe'ifi' sep r te property of the other spouse nd use the fruits or pro'eeds thereof to s tisfy the l tter8s sh re. *$56 Art. $:$. If spouse without (ust ' use b ndons the other or f ils to 'omply with his or her obli! tions to the f mily, the !!rieved spouse m y petition the 'ourt for re'eivership, for (udi'i l sep r tion of property or for uthority to be the sole dministr tor of the bsolute 'ommunity, sub(e't to su'h pre' ution ry 'onditions s the 'ourt m y impose. 2he obli! tions to the f mily mentioned in the pre'edin! p r !r ph refer to m rit l, p rent l or property rel tions. A spouse is deemed to h ve b ndoned the other when her or she h s left the 'on(u! l dwellin! without intention of returnin!. 2he spouse who h s left the 'on(u! l dwellin! for period of three months or h s f iled within the s me period to !ive ny inform tion s to his or her where bouts sh ll be prim f 'ie presumed to h ve no intention of returnin! to the 'on(u! l dwellin!. *$56 >e'tion 7. .i%uid tion of the Absolute Community Assets nd .i bilities Art. $:,. Upon dissolution of the bsolute 'ommunity re!ime, the followin! pro'edure sh ll pply# *$- An inventory sh ll be prep red, listin! sep r tely ll the properties of the bsolute 'ommunity nd the e)'lusive properties of e 'h spouse. *,- 2he debts nd obli! tions of the bsolute
'ommunity sh ll be p id out of its ssets. In ' se of insuffi'ien'y of s id ssets, the spouses sh ll be solid rily li ble for the unp id b l n'e with their sep r te properties in ''ord n'e with the provisions of the se'ond p r !r ph of Arti'le ;4. *1- <h tever rem ins of the e)'lusive properties of the spouses sh ll there fter be delivered to e 'h of them. *4- 2he net rem inder of the properties of the bsolute 'ommunity sh ll 'onstitute its net ssets, whi'h sh ll be divided e%u lly between husb nd nd wife, unless different proportion or division w s !reed upon in the m rri !e settlements, or unless there h s been volunt ry w iver of su'h sh re provided in this Code. "or purpose of 'omputin! the net profits sub(e't to forfeiture in ''ord n'e with Arti'les 41, No. *,- nd 71, No. *,-, the s id profits sh ll be the in're se in v lue between the m r3et v lue of the 'ommunity property t the time of the 'elebr tion of the m rri !e nd the m r3et v lue t the time of its dissolution. *+- 2he presumptive le!itimes of the 'ommon 'hildren sh ll be delivered upon p rtition, in ''ord n'e with Arti'le +$. *7- Unless otherwise !reed upon by the p rties, in the p rtition of the properties, the 'on(u! l dwellin! nd the lot on whi'h it is situ ted sh ll be d(udi' ted to the spouse with whom the m (ority of the 'ommon 'hildren 'hoose to rem in. Children below the !e of seven ye rs re deemed to h ve 'hosen the mother, unless the 'ourt h s de'ided otherwise. In ' se there in no su'h m (ority, the 'ourt sh ll de'ide, t 3in! into 'onsider tion the best interests of s id 'hildren. *nArt. $:1. Upon the termin tion of the m rri !e by de th, the 'ommunity property sh ll be li%uid ted in the s me pro'eedin! for the settlement of the est te of the de'e sed. If no (udi'i l settlement pro'eedin! is instituted, the survivin! spouse sh ll li%uid te the 'ommunity property either (udi'i lly or e)tr 9(udi'i lly within si) months from the de th of the de'e sed spouse. If upon the l pse of the si) months period, no li%uid tion is m de, ny disposition or en'umbr n'e involvin! the 'ommunity property of the termin ted m rri !e sh ll be void.
>hould the survivin! spouse 'ontr 't subse%uent m rri !e without 'ompli n'e with the fore!oin! re%uirements, m nd tory re!ime of 'omplete sep r tion of property sh ll !overn the property rel tions of the subse%uent m rri !e. *nArt. $:4. <henever the li%uid tion of the 'ommunity properties of two or more m rri !es 'ontr 'ted by the s me person before the effe'tivity of this Code is ' rried out simult neously, the respe'tive ' pit l, fruits nd in'ome of e 'h 'ommunity sh ll be determined upon su'h proof s m y be 'onsidered ''ordin! to the rules of eviden'e. In ' se of doubt s to whi'h 'ommunity the e)istin! properties belon!, the s me sh ll be divided between the different 'ommunities in proportion to the ' pit l nd dur tion of e 'h. *$6; Ch pter 4. Con(u! l P rtnership of G ins >e'tion $. Gener l Provisions Art. $:+. In ' se the future spouses !ree in the m rri !e settlements th t the re!ime of 'on(u! l p rtnership ! ins sh ll !overn their property rel tions durin! m rri !e, the provisions in this Ch pter sh ll be of supplement ry ppli' tion. 2he provisions of this Ch pter sh ll lso pply to 'on(u! l p rtnerships of ! ins lre dy est blished between spouses before the effe'tivity of this Code, without pre(udi'e to vested ri!hts lre dy '%uired in ''ord n'e with the Civil Code or other l ws, s provided in Arti'le ,+7. *nArt. $:7. Under the re!ime of 'on(u! l p rtnership of ! ins, the husb nd nd wife pl 'e in 'ommon fund the pro'eeds, produ'ts, fruits nd in'ome from their sep r te properties nd those '%uired by either or both spouses throu!h their efforts or by 'h n'e, nd, upon dissolution of the m rri !e or of the p rtnership, the net ! ins or benefits obt ined by either or both spouses sh ll be divided e%u lly between them, unless otherwise !reed in the m rri !e settlements. *$4, Art. $:5. 2he rules provided in Arti'les 66 nd 6; sh ll lso pply to 'on(u! l p rtnership of ! ins. *nArt. $:6. 2he 'on(u! l p rtnership sh ll be !overned by the rules on the 'ontr 't of p rtnership in ll th t is
not in 'onfli't with wh t is e)pressly determined in this Ch pter or by the spouses in their m rri !e settlements. *$45 >e'tion ,. @)'lusive Property of @ 'h >pouse Art. $:;. 2he followin! sh ll be the e)'lusive property of e 'h spouse# *$- 2h t whi'h is brou!ht to the m rri !e s his or her own/ *,- 2h t whi'h e 'h '%uires durin! the m rri !e by !r tuitous title/ *1- 2h t whi'h is '%uired by ri!ht of redemption, by b rter or by e)'h n!e with property belon!in! to only one of the spouses/ nd *4- 2h t whi'h is pur'h sed with e)'lusive money of the wife or of the husb nd. *$46 Art. $$:. 2he spouses possession, dministr tion e)'lusive properties. ret in the ownership, nd en(oyment of their
Art. $$4. If the don tions re onerous, the mount of the 'h r!es sh ll be borne by the e)'lusive property of the donee spouse, whenever they h ve been dv n'ed by the 'on(u! l p rtnership of ! ins. *$+$ Art. $$+. Retirement benefits, pensions, nnuities, !r tuities, usufru'ts nd simil r benefits sh ll be !overned by the rules on !r tuitous or onerous '%uisitions s m y be proper in e 'h ' se. *n>e'tion 1. Con(u! l P rtnership Property Art. $$7. All property '%uired durin! the m rri !e, whether the '%uisition ppe rs to h ve been m de, 'ontr 'ted or re!istered in the n me of one or both spouses, is presumed to be 'on(u! l unless the 'ontr ry is proved. *$7: Art. $$5. 2he followin! properties# re 'on(u! l p rtnership
from e)'lusive funds of either or both spouses nd p rtly from 'on(u! l funds belon!s to the buyer or buyers if full ownership w s vested before the m rri !e nd to the 'on(u! l p rtnership if su'h ownership w s vested durin! the m rri !e. In either ' se, ny mount dv n'ed by the p rtnership or by either or both spouses sh ll be reimbursed by the owner or owners upon li%uid tion of the p rtnership. *nArt. $$;. <henever n mount or 'redit p y ble within period of time belon!s to one of the spouses, the sums whi'h m y be 'olle'ted durin! the m rri !e in p rti l p yments or by inst llments on the prin'ip l sh ll be the e)'lusive property of the spouse. ?owever, interests f llin! due durin! the m rri !e on the prin'ip l sh ll belon! to the 'on(u! l p rtnership. *$+7 , $+5 Art. $,:. 2he ownership of improvements, whether for utility or dornment, m de on the sep r te property of the spouses t the e)pense of the p rtnership or throu!h the 'ts or efforts of either or both spouses sh ll pert in to the 'on(u! l p rtnership, or to the ori!in l owner9spouse, sub(e't to the followin! rules# <hen the 'ost of the improvement m de by the 'on(u! l p rtnership nd ny resultin! in're se in v lue re more th n the v lue of the property t the time of the improvement, the entire property of one of the spouses sh ll belon! to the 'on(u! l p rtnership, sub(e't to reimbursement of the v lue of the property of the owner9spouse t the time of the improvement/ otherwise, s id property sh ll be ret ined in ownership by the owner9spouse, li3ewise sub(e't to reimbursement of the 'ost of the improvement. In either ' se, the ownership of the entire property sh ll be vested upon the reimbursement, whi'h sh ll be m de t the time of the li%uid tion of the 'on(u! l p rtnership. *$+6 >e'tion 4. Ch r!es Upon nd Obli! tions of the Con(u! l P rtnership Art. $,$. 2he 'on(u! l p rtnership sh ll be li ble for#
*$- 2hose '%uired by onerous title durin! the m rri !e t the e)pense of the 'ommon fund, whether the '%uisition be for the p rtnership, or for only one of the spouses/ *,- 2hose obt ined from the l bor, industry, wor3 or profession of either or both of the spouses/ *1- 2he fruits, n tur l, industri l, or 'ivil, due or re'eived durin! the m rri !e from the 'ommon property, s well s the net fruits from the e)'lusive property of e 'h spouse/ *4- 2he sh re of either spouse in the hidden tre sure whi'h the l w w rds to the finder or owner of the property where the tre sure is found/ *+- 2hose '%uired throu!h o''up tion su'h s fishin! or huntin!/ *7- .ivesto'3 e)istin! upon the dissolution of the p rtnership in e)'ess of the number of e 'h 3ind brou!ht to the m rri !e by either spouse/ nd *5- 2hose whi'h re '%uired by 'h n'e, su'h s winnin!s from ! mblin! or bettin!. ?owever, losses therefrom sh ll be borne e)'lusively by the loser9 spouse. *$+1 , $+4 , $++, $+;Art. $$6. Property bou!ht on inst llments p id p rtly
@ither spouse m y, durin! the m rri !e, tr nsfer the dministr tion of his or her e)'lusive property to the other by me ns of publi' instrument, whi'h sh ll be re'orded in the re!istry of property of the pl 'e the property is lo' ted. *$15 , $76 , $7; Art. $$$. A spouse of !e m y mort! !e, en'umber, lien te or otherwise dispose of his or her e)'lusive property, without the 'onsent of the other spouse, nd ppe r lone in 'ourt to liti! te with re! rd to the s me. *nArt. $$,. 2he lien tion of ny e)'lusive property of spouse dministered by the other utom ti' lly termin tes the dministr tion over su'h property nd the pro'eeds of the lien tion sh ll be turned over to the owner9spouse. *nArt. $$1. Property don ted or left by will to the spouses, (ointly nd with desi!n tion of determin te sh res, sh ll pert in to the donee9spouses s his or her own e)'lusive property, nd in the bsen'e of desi!n tion, sh re nd sh re li3e, without pre(udi'e to the ri!ht of ''retion when proper. *$+: -
*$- 2he support of the spouse, their 'ommon 'hildren, nd the le!itim te 'hildren of either spouse/ however, the support of ille!itim te 'hildren sh ll be !overned by the provisions of this Code on >upport/
*,- All debts nd obli! tions 'ontr 'ted durin! the m rri !e by the desi!n ted dministr tor9spouse for the benefit of the 'on(u! l p rtnership of ! ins, or by both spouses or by one of them with the 'onsent of the other/ *1- =ebts nd obli! tions 'ontr 'ted by either spouse without the 'onsent of the other to the e)tent th t the f mily m y h ve benefited/ *4- All t )es, liens, 'h r!es, nd e)penses, in'ludin! m (or or minor rep irs upon the 'on(u! l p rtnership property/ *+- All t )es nd e)penses for mere preserv tion m de durin! the m rri !e upon the sep r te property of either spouse/ *7- @)penses to en ble either spouse to 'ommen'e or 'omplete profession l, vo' tion l, or other 'tivity for self9improvement/ *5- Ante9nupti l debts of either spouse insof r s they h ve redounded to the benefit of the f mily/ *6- 2he v lue of wh t is don ted or promised by both spouses in f vor of their 'ommon le!itim te 'hildren for the e)'lusive purpose of 'ommen'in! or 'ompletin! profession l or vo' tion l 'ourse or other 'tivity for self9improvement/ nd *;- @)penses of liti! tion between the spouses unless the suit is found to !roundless. If the 'on(u! l p rtnership is insuffi'ient to 'over the fore!oin! li bilities, the spouses sh ll be solid rily li ble for the unp id b l n'e with their sep r te properties. *$7$ Art. $,,. 2he p yment of person l debts 'ontr 'ted by the husb nd or the wife before or durin! the m rri !e sh ll not be 'h r!ed to the 'on(u! l properties p rtnership e)'ept insof r s they redounded to the benefit of the f mily. Neither sh ll the fines nd pe'uni ry indemnities imposed upon them be 'h r!ed to the p rtnership. ?owever, the p yment of person l debts 'ontr 'ted by either spouse before the m rri !e, th t of fines nd indemnities imposed upon them, s well s the
support of ille!itim te 'hildren of either spouse, m y be enfor'ed ! inst the p rtnership ssets fter the responsibilities enumer ted in the pre'edin! Arti'le h ve been 'overed, if the spouse who is bound should h ve no e)'lusive property or if it should be insuffi'ient/ but t the time of the li%uid tion of the p rtnership, su'h spouse sh ll be 'h r!ed for wh t h s been p id for the purpose bove9mentioned. *$71 Art. $,1. <h tever m y be lost durin! the m rri !e in ny ! me of 'h n'e or in bettin!, sweepst 3es, or ny other 3ind of ! mblin! whether permitted or prohibited by l w, sh ll be borne by the loser nd sh ll not be 'h r!ed to the 'on(u! l p rtnership but ny winnin!s therefrom sh ll form p rt of the 'on(u! l p rtnership property. *$74 >e'tion +. Administr tion of the Con(u! l P rtnership Property Art. $,4. 2he dministr tion nd en(oyment of the 'on(u! l p rtnership sh ll belon! to both spouses (ointly. In ' se of dis !reement, the husb nd8s de'ision sh ll prev il, sub(e't to re'ourse to the 'ourt by the wife for proper remedy, whi'h must be v iled of within five ye rs from the d te of the 'ontr 't implementin! su'h de'ision. In the event th t one spouse is in' p 'it ted or otherwise un ble to p rti'ip te in the dministr tion of the 'on(u! l properties, the other spouse m y ssume sole powers of dministr tion. 2hese powers do not in'lude disposition or en'umbr n'e without uthority of the 'ourt or the written 'onsent of the other spouse. In the bsen'e of su'h uthority or 'onsent, the disposition or en'umbr n'e sh ll be void. ?owever, the tr ns 'tion sh ll be 'onstrued s 'ontinuin! offer on the p rt of the 'onsentin! spouse nd the third person, nd m y be perfe'ted s bindin! 'ontr 't upon the ''ept n'e by the other spouse or uthori0 tion by the 'ourt before the offer is withdr wn by either or both offerors. *$7+ Art. $,+. Neither spouse m y don te ny 'on(u! l p rtnership property without the 'onsent of the other. ?owever, either spouse m y, without the 'onsent of the other, m 3e moder te don tions from the 'on(u! l p rtnership property for 'h rity or on o'' sions of f mily re(oi'in! or f mily distress. *$54 -
>e'tion 7. =issolution of Con(u! l P rtnership Re!ime Art. $,7. 2he 'on(u! l p rtnership termin tes# *$- Upon the de th of either spouse/ *,- <hen there is de'ree of le! l sep r tion/
*1- <hen the m rri !e is nnulled or de'l red void/ or *4- In ' se of (udi'i l sep r tion of property durin! the m rri !e under Arti'les $14 to $16. *$5+ Art. $,5. 2he sep r tion in f 't between husb nd nd wife sh ll not ffe't the re!ime of 'on(u! l p rtnership, e)'ept th t# *$- 2he spouse who le ves the 'on(u! l home or refuses to live therein, without (ust ' use, sh ll not h ve the ri!ht to be supported/ *,- <hen the 'onsent of one spouse to ny tr ns 'tion of the other is re%uired by l w, (udi'i l uthori0 tion sh ll be obt ined in summ ry pro'eedin!/ *1- In the bsen'e of suffi'ient 'on(u! l p rtnership property, the sep r te property of both spouses sh ll be solid rily li ble for the support of the f mily. 2he spouse present sh ll, upon petition in summ ry pro'eedin!, be !iven (udi'i l uthority to dminister or en'umber ny spe'ifi' sep r te property of the other spouse nd use the fruits or pro'eeds thereof to s tisfy the l tter8s sh re. *$56 Art. $,6. If spouse without (ust ' use b ndons the other or f ils to 'omply with his or her obli! tion to the f mily, the !!rieved spouse m y petition the 'ourt for re'eivership, for (udi'i l sep r tion of property, or for uthority to be the sole dministr tor of the 'on(u! l p rtnership property, sub(e't to su'h pre' ution ry 'onditions s the 'ourt m y impose. 2he obli! tions to the f mily mentioned in the pre'edin! p r !r ph refer to m rit l, p rent l or property rel tions. A spouse is deemed to h ve b ndoned the other when he or she h s left the 'on(u! l dwellin! without intention of returnin!. 2he spouse who h s left the 'on(u! l dwellin! for period of three months or h s f iled within the s me period to !ive ny inform tion
s to his or her where bouts sh ll be prim f 'ie presumed to h ve no intention of returnin! to the 'on(u! l dwellin!. *$75 , $;$ >e'tion 5. .i%uid tion of the Con(u! l P rtnership Assets nd .i bilities Art. $,;. Upon the dissolution of the 'on(u! l p rtnership re!ime, the followin! pro'edure sh ll pply# *$- An inventory sh ll be prep red, listin! sep r tely ll the properties of the 'on(u! l p rtnership nd the e)'lusive properties of e 'h spouse. *,- Amounts dv n'ed by the 'on(u! l p rtnership in p yment of person l debts nd obli! tions of either spouse sh ll be 'redited to the 'on(u! l p rtnership s n sset thereof. *1- @ 'h spouse sh ll be reimbursed for the use of his or her e)'lusive funds in the '%uisition of property or for the v lue of his or her e)'lusive property, the ownership of whi'h h s been vested by l w in the 'on(u! l p rtnership. *4- 2he debts nd obli! tions of the 'on(u! l p rtnership sh ll be p id out of the 'on(u! l ssets. In ' se of insuffi'ien'y of s id ssets, the spouses sh ll be solid rily li ble for the unp id b l n'e with their sep r te properties, in ''ord n'e with the provisions of p r !r ph *,- of Arti'le $,$. *+- <h tever rem ins of the e)'lusive properties of the spouses sh ll there fter be delivered to e 'h of them. *7- Unless the owner h d been indemnified from wh tever sour'e, the loss or deterior tion of mov bles used for the benefit of the f mily, belon!in! to either spouse, even due to fortuitous event, sh ll be p id to s id spouse from the 'on(u! l funds, if ny. *5- 2he net rem inder of the 'on(u! l p rtnership properties sh ll 'onstitute the profits, whi'h sh ll be divided e%u lly between husb nd nd wife, unless different proportion or division w s !reed upon in the m rri !e settlements or unless there h s been volunt ry w iver or forfeiture of su'h sh re s provided in this Code.
*6- 2he presumptive le!itimes of the 'ommon 'hildren sh ll be delivered upon the p rtition in ''ord n'e with Arti'le +$. *;- In the p rtition of the properties, the 'on(u! l dwellin! nd the lot on whi'h it is situ ted sh ll, unless otherwise !reed upon by the p rties, be d(udi' ted to the spouse with whom the m (ority of the 'ommon 'hildren 'hoose to rem in. Children below the !e of seven ye rs re deemed to h ve 'hosen the mother, unless the 'ourt h s de'ided otherwise. In ' se there is no su'h m (ority, the 'ourt sh ll de'ide, t 3in! into 'onsider tion the best interests of s id 'hildren. *$6$ , $6, , $61 , $64 , $6+ Art. $1:. Upon the termin tion of the m rri !e by de th, the 'on(u! l p rtnership property sh ll be li%uid ted in the s me pro'eedin! for the settlement of the est te of the de'e sed. If no (udi'i l settlement pro'eedin! is instituted, the survivin! spouse sh ll li%uid te the 'on(u! l p rtnership property either (udi'i lly or e)tr 9(udi'i lly within si) months from the de th of the de'e sed spouse. If upon the l pse of the si)9month period no li%uid tion is m de, ny disposition or en'umbr n'e involvin! the 'on(u! l p rtnership property of the termin ted m rri !e sh ll be void. >hould the survivin! spouse 'ontr 't subse%uent m rri !e without 'ompli n'e with the fore!oin! re%uirements, m nd tory re!ime of 'omplete sep r tion of property sh ll !overn the property rel tions of the subse%uent m rri !e. *nArt. $1$. <henever the li%uid tion of the 'on(u! l p rtnership properties of two or more m rri !es 'ontr 'ted by the s me person before the effe'tivity of this Code is ' rried out simult neously, the respe'tive ' pit l, fruits nd in'ome of e 'h p rtnership sh ll be determined upon su'h proof s m y be 'onsidered ''ordin! to the rules of eviden'e. In ' se of doubt s to whi'h p rtnership the e)istin! properties belon!, the s me sh ll be divided between the different p rtnerships in proportion to the ' pit l nd dur tion of e 'h. *$6; Art. $1,. 2he Rules of Court on the dministr tion of est tes of de'e sed persons sh ll be observed in the ppr is l nd s le of property of the 'on(u! l
p rtnership, nd other m tters whi'h re not e)pressly determined in this Ch pter. *$65 Art. $11. "rom the 'ommon m ss of property support sh ll be !iven to the survivin! spouse nd to the 'hildren durin! the li%uid tion of the inventoried property nd until wh t belon!s to them is delivered/ but from this sh ll be dedu'ted th t mount re'eived for support whi'h e)'eeds the fruits or rents pert inin! to them. *$66 Ch pter +. >ep r tion of Property of the >pouses nd Administr tion of Common Property by One >pouse =urin! the & rri !e Art. $14. In the bsen'e of n e)press de'l r tion in the m rri !e settlements, the sep r tion of property between spouses durin! the m rri !e sh ll not t 3e pl 'e e)'ept by (udi'i l order. >u'h (udi'i l sep r tion of property m y either be volunt ry or for suffi'ient ' use. *$;: Art. $1+. Any of the followin! sh ll be 'onsidered suffi'ient ' use for (udi'i l sep r tion of property# *$- 2h t the spouse of the petitioner h s been senten'ed to pen lty whi'h ' rries with it 'ivil interdi'tion/ *,- 2h t the spouse of the petitioner h s been (udi'i lly de'l red n bsentee/ *1- 2h t loss of p rent l uthority of the spouse of petitioner h s been de'reed by the 'ourt/ *4- 2h t the spouse of the petitioner h s b ndoned the l tter or f iled to 'omply with his or her obli! tions to the f mily s provided for in Arti'le $:$/ *+- 2h t the spouse !r nted the power of dministr tion in the m rri !e settlements h s bused th t power/ nd *7- 2h t t the time of the petition, the spouses h ve been sep r ted in f 't for t le st one ye r nd re'on'ili tion is hi!hly improb ble. In the ' ses provided for in Numbers *$-, *,- nd *1-, the present tion of the fin l (ud!ment ! inst the !uilty or bsent spouse sh ll be enou!h b sis for the !r nt of the de'ree of (udi'i l sep r tion of property.
*$;$ Art. $17. 2he spouses m y (ointly file verified petition with the 'ourt for the volunt ry dissolution of the bsolute 'ommunity or the 'on(u! l p rtnership of ! ins, nd for the sep r tion of their 'ommon properties. All 'reditors of the bsolute 'ommunity or of the 'on(u! l p rtnership of ! ins, s well s the person l 'reditors of the spouse, sh ll be listed in the petition nd notified of the filin! thereof. 2he 'ourt sh ll t 3e me sures to prote't the 'reditors nd other persons with pe'uni ry interest. *$;$ Art. $15. On'e the sep r tion of property h s been de'reed, the bsolute 'ommunity or the 'on(u! l p rtnership of ! ins sh ll be li%uid ted in 'onformity with this Code. =urin! the penden'y of the pro'eedin!s for sep r tion of property, the bsolute 'ommunity or the 'on(u! l p rtnership sh ll p y for the support of the spouses nd their 'hildren. *$;, Art. $16. After dissolution of the bsolute 'ommunity or of the 'on(u! l p rtnership, the provisions on 'omplete sep r tion of property sh ll pply. *$;$ Art. $1;. 2he petition for sep r tion of property nd the fin l (ud!ment !r ntin! the s me sh ll be re'orded in the proper lo' l 'ivil re!istries nd re!istries of property. *$;1 Art. $4:. 2he sep r tion of property sh ll not pre(udi'e the ri!hts previously '%uired by 'reditors. *$;4 Art. $4$. 2he spouses m y, in the s me pro'eedin!s where sep r tion of property w s de'reed, file motion in 'ourt for de'ree revivin! the property re!ime th t e)isted between them before the sep r tion of property in ny of the followin! inst n'es# *$- <hen the 'ivil interdi'tion termin tes/ *,- <hen the bsentee spouse re ppe rs/ *1- <hen the 'ourt, bein! s tisfied th t the spouse !r nted the power of dministr tion in the m rri !e settlements will not ! in buse th t power,
uthori0es the resumption of s id dministr tion/ *4- <hen the spouse who h s left the 'on(u! l home without de'ree of le! l sep r tion resumes 'ommon life with the other/ *+- <hen p rent l uthority is (udi'i lly restored to the spouse previously deprived thereof/ *7- <hen the spouses who h ve sep r ted in f 't for t le st one ye r, re'on'ile nd resume 'ommon life/ or *5- <hen fter volunt ry dissolution of the bsolute 'ommunity of property or 'on(u! l p rtnership h s been (udi'i lly de'reed upon the (oint petition of the spouses, they !ree to the reviv l of the former property re!ime. No volunt ry sep r tion of property m y there fter be !r nted. 2he reviv l of the former property re!ime sh ll be !overned by Arti'le 75. *$;+ Art. $4,. 2he dministr tion of ll 'l sses of e)'lusive property of either spouse m y be tr nsferred by the 'ourt to the other spouse# *$- <hen one spouse be'omes the !u rdi n of the other/ *,- <hen one spouse is (udi'i lly de'l red bsentee/ *1- <hen one spouse is senten'ed to ' rries with it 'ivil interdi'tion/ or n Art. $44. >ep r tion of property m y refer to present or future property or both. It m y be tot l or p rti l. In the l tter ' se, the property not !reed upon s sep r te sh ll pert in to the bsolute 'ommunity. *,$1 Art. $4+. @ 'h spouse sh ll own, dispose of, possess, dminister nd en(oy his or her own sep r te est te, without need of the 'onsent of the other. 2o e 'h spouse sh ll belon! ll e rnin!s from his or her profession, business or industry nd ll fruits, n tur l, industri l or 'ivil, due or re'eived durin! the m rri !e from his or her sep r te property. *,$4 Art. $47. Both spouses sh ll be r the f mily e)penses in proportion to their in'ome, or, in ' se of insuffi'ien'y or def ult thereof, to the 'urrent m r3et v lue of their sep r te properties. 2he li bilities of the spouses to 'reditors for f mily e)penses sh ll, however, be solid ry. *,$+ Ch pter 5. Property Re!ime of Unions <ithout & rri !e Art. $45. <hen m n nd wom n who re ' p 'it ted to m rry e 'h other, live e)'lusively with e 'h other s husb nd nd wife without the benefit of m rri !e or under void m rri !e, their w !es nd s l ries sh ll be owned by them in e%u l sh res nd the property '%uired by both of them throu!h their wor3 or industry sh ll be !overned by the rules on 'o9 ownership. In the bsen'e of proof to the 'ontr ry, properties '%uired while they lived to!ether sh ll be presumed to h ve been obt ined by their (oint efforts, wor3 or industry, nd sh ll be owned by them in e%u l sh res. "or purposes of this Arti'le, p rty who did not p rti'ip te in the '%uisition by the other p rty of ny property sh ll be deemed to h ve 'ontributed (ointly in the '%uisition thereof if the former8s efforts 'onsisted in the ' re nd m inten n'e of the f mily nd of the household. Neither p rty ' n en'umber or dispose by 'ts inter vivos of his or her sh re in the property '%uired durin! 'oh bit tion nd owned in 'ommon, without the 'onsent of the other, until fter the termin tion of their 'oh bit tion.
pen lty whi'h
*4- <hen one spouse be'omes fu!itive from (usti'e or is in hidin! s n ''used in 'rimin l ' se. If the other spouse is not %u lified by re son of in'ompeten'e, 'onfli't of interest, or ny other (ust ' use, the 'ourt sh ll ppoint suit ble person to be the dministr tor. *nCh pter 7. Re!ime of >ep r tion of Property Art. $41. >hould the future spouses !ree in the m rri !e settlements th t their property rel tions durin! m rri !e sh ll be !overned by the re!ime of sep r tion of property, the provisions of this Ch pter sh ll be suppletory. *,$, -
h lf9blood. *,$5 <hen only one of the p rties to void m rri !e is in !ood f ith, the sh re of the p rty in b d f ith in the 'o9 ownership sh ll be forfeited in f vor of their 'ommon 'hildren. In ' se of def ult of or w iver by ny or ll of the 'ommon 'hildren or their des'end nts, e 'h v ' nt sh re sh ll belon! to the respe'tive survivin! des'end nts. In the bsen'e of des'end nts, su'h sh re sh ll belon! to the inno'ent p rty. In ll ' ses, the forfeiture sh ll t 3e pl 'e upon termin tion of the 'oh bit tion. *$44 Art. $46. In ' ses of 'oh bit tion not f llin! under the pre'edin! Arti'le, only the properties '%uired by both of the p rties throu!h their 'tu l (oint 'ontribution of money, property, or industry sh ll be owned by them in 'ommon in proportion to their respe'tive 'ontributions. In the bsen'e of proof to the 'ontr ry, their 'ontributions nd 'orrespondin! sh res re presumed to be e%u l. 2he s me rule nd presumption sh ll pply to (oint deposits of money nd eviden'es of 'redit. If one of the p rties is v lidly m rried to nother, his or her sh re in the 'o9ownership sh ll ''rue to the bsolute 'ommunity or 'on(u! l p rtnership e)istin! in su'h v lid m rri !e. If the p rty who 'ted in b d f ith is not v lidly m rried to nother, his or her sh ll be forfeited in the m nner provided in the l st p r !r ph of the pre'edin! Arti'le. 2he fore!oin! rules on forfeiture sh ll li3ewise even if both p rties re in b d f ith. *$44 2I2.@ A 2?@ "A&I.H Ch pter $. 2he " mily s n Institution Art. $4;. 2he f mily, bein! the found tion of the n tion, is b si' so'i l institution whi'h publi' poli'y 'herishes nd prote'ts. Conse%uently, f mily rel tions re !overned by l w nd no 'ustom, pr 'ti'e or !reement destru'tive of the f mily sh ll be re'o!ni0ed or !iven effe't. *,$7 , ,$6 Art. +:. " mily rel tions in'lude those# *$- Between husb nd nd wife/ *,- Between p rents nd 'hildren/ *1- Amon! brothers nd sisters, whether of the full or pply Art. $+$. No suit between members of the s me f mily sh ll prosper unless it should ppe r from the verified 'ompl int or petition th t e rnest efforts tow rd 'ompromise h ve been m de, but th t the s me h ve f iled. If it is shown th t no su'h efforts were in f 't m de, the s me ' se must be dismissed. 2his rules sh ll not pply to ' ses whi'h m y not be the sub(e't of 'ompromise under the Civil Code. *,,, Ch pter ,. 2he " mily ?ome Art. $+,. 2he f mily home, 'onstituted (ointly by the husb nd nd the wife or by n unm rried he d of f mily, is the dwellin! house where they nd their f mily reside, nd the l nd on whi'h it is situ ted. *,,1 Art. $+1. 2he f mily home is deemed 'onstituted on house nd lot from the time it is o''upied s f mily residen'e. "rom the time of its 'onstitution nd so lon! s ny of its benefi'i ries 'tu lly resides therein, the f mily home 'ontinues to be su'h nd is e)empt from e)e'ution, for'ed s le or tt 'hment e)'ept s herein fter provided nd to the e)tent of the v lue llowed by l w. *,,1 Art. $+4. 2he benefi'i ries of f mily home re#
*4- "or debts due to l borers, me'h ni's, r'hite'ts, builders, m teri lmen nd others who h ve rendered servi'e or furnished m teri l for the 'onstru'tion of the buildin!. *,41 Art. $+7. 2he f mily home must be p rt of the properties of the bsolute 'ommunity or the 'on(u! l p rtnership, or of the e)'lusive properties of either spouse with the l tter8s 'onsent. It m y lso be 'onstituted by n unm rried he d of f mily on his or her own property. Nevertheless, property th t is the sub(e't of 'ondition l s le on inst llments where ownership is reserved by the vendor only to !u r ntee p yment of the pur'h se pri'e m y be 'onstituted s f mily home. *,,5 , ,,6 Art. $+5. 2he 'tu l v lue of the f mily home sh ll not e)'eed, t the time of its 'onstitution, the mount of the three hundred thous nd pesos in urb n re s, nd two hundred thous nd pesos in rur l re s, or su'h mounts s m y here fter be fi)ed by l w. In ny event, if the v lue of the 'urren'y 'h n!es fter the doption of this Code, the v lue most f vor ble for the 'onstitution of f mily home sh ll be the b sis of ev lu tion. "or purposes of this Arti'le, urb n re s re deemed to in'lude 'h rtered 'ities nd muni'ip lities whose nnu l in'ome t le st e%u ls th t le! lly re%uired for 'h rtered 'ities. All others re deemed to be rur l re s. *,1$ Art. $+6. 2he f mily home m y be sold, lien ted, don ted, ssi!ned or en'umbered by the owner or owners thereof with the written 'onsent of the person 'onstitutin! the s me, the l tter8s spouse, nd m (ority of the benefi'i ries of le! l !e. In ' se of 'onfli't, the 'ourt sh ll de'ide. *,1+ Art. $+;. 2he f mily home sh ll 'ontinue despite the de th of one or both spouses or of the unm rried he d of the f mily for period of ten ye rs or for s lon! s there is minor benefi'i ry, nd the heirs ' nnot p rtition the s me unless the 'ourt finds 'ompellin! re sons therefor. 2his rule sh ll pply re! rdless of whoever owns the property or 'onstituted the f mily home. *,16 -
*$- 2he husb nd nd wife, or n unm rried person who is the he d of f mily/ nd *,- 2heir p rents, s'end nts, des'end nts, brothers nd sisters, whether the rel tionship be le!itim te or ille!itim te, who re livin! in the f mily home nd who depend upon the he d of the f mily for le! l support. *,,7 Art. $++. 2he f mily home sh ll be e)empt from e)e'ution, for'ed s le or tt 'hment e)'ept# *$- "or nonp yment of t )es/ *,- "or debts in'urred prior to the 'onstitution of the f mily home/ *1- "or debts se'ured by mort! !es on the premises before or fter su'h 'onstitution/ nd
Art. $7:. <hen 'reditor whose 'l ims is not mon! those mentioned in Arti'le $++ obt ins (ud!ment in his f vor, nd he h s re son ble !rounds to believe th t the f mily home is 'tu lly worth more th n the m )imum mount fi)ed in Arti'le $+5, he m y pply to the 'ourt whi'h rendered the (ud!ment for n order dire'tin! the s le of the property under e)e'ution. 2he 'ourt sh ll so order if it finds th t the 'tu l v lue of the f mily home e)'eeds the m )imum mount llowed by l w s of the time of its 'onstitution. If the in're sed 'tu l v lue e)'eeds the m )imum llowed in Arti'le $+5 nd results from subse%uent volunt ry improvements introdu'ed by the person or persons 'onstitutin! the f mily home, by the owner or owners of the property, or by ny of the benefi'i ries, the s me rule nd pro'edure sh ll pply. At the e)e'ution s le, no bid below the v lue llowed for f mily home sh ll be 'onsidered. 2he pro'eeds sh ll be pplied first to the mount mentioned in Arti'le $+5, nd then to the li bilities under the (ud!ment nd the 'osts. 2he e)'ess, if ny, sh ll be delivered to the (ud!ment debtor. *,45 , ,46 Art. $7$. "or purposes of v ilin! of the benefits of f mily home s provided for in this Ch pter, person m y 'onstitute, or be the benefi'i ry of, only one f mily home. *nArt. $7,. 2he provisions in this Ch pter sh ll lso !overn e)istin! f mily residen'es insof r s s id provisions re ppli' ble. *n2I2.@ AI PA2@RNI2H AN= "I.IA2ION Ch pter $. .e!itim te Children Art. $71. 2he fili tion of 'hildren m y be by n ture or by doption. N tur l fili tion m y be le!itim te or ille!itim te. *nArt. $74. Children 'on'eived or born durin! the m rri !e of the p rents re le!itim te. Children 'on'eived s result of rtifi'i l insemin tion of the wife with the sperm of the husb nd or th t of donor or both re li3ewise le!itim te 'hildren of the husb nd nd his wife, provided, th t both of them uthori0ed or r tified su'h
insemin tion in written instrument e)e'uted nd si!ned by them before the birth of the 'hild. 2he instrument sh ll be re'orded in the 'ivil re!istry to!ether with the birth 'ertifi' te of the 'hild. *++ , ,+6 Art. $7+. Children 'on'eived nd born outside v lid m rri !e re ille!itim te, unless otherwise provided in this Code. *nArt. $77. .e!itim 'y of 'hild m y be impu!ned only on the followin! !rounds# *$- 2h t it w s physi' lly impossible for the husb nd to h ve se)u l inter'ourse with his wife within the first $,: d ys of the 1:: d ys whi'h immedi tely pre'eded the birth of the 'hild be' use of# * - the physi' l in' p 'ity of the husb nd to h ve se)u l inter'ourse with his wife/ *b- the f 't th t the husb nd nd wife were livin! sep r tely in su'h w y th t se)u l inter'ourse w s not possible/ or *'- serious illness of the husb nd, whi'h prevented se)u l inter'ourse/ bsolutely
'onsidered to h ve been 'on'eived durin! the former m rri !e, provided it be born within three hundred d ys fter the termin tion of the former m rri !e/ *,- A 'hild born fter one hundred ei!hty d ys followin! the 'elebr tion of the subse%uent m rri !e is 'onsidered to h ve been 'on'eived durin! su'h m rri !e, even thou!h it be born within the three hundred d ys fter the termin tion of the former m rri !e. *,+; Art. $7;. 2he le!itim 'y or ille!itim 'y of 'hild born fter three hundred d ys followin! the termin tion of the m rri !e sh ll be proved by whoever lle!es su'h le!itim 'y or ille!itim 'y. *,7$ Art. $5:. 2he 'tion to impu!n the le!itim 'y of the 'hild sh ll be brou!ht within one ye r from the 3nowled!e of the birth or its re'ordin! in the 'ivil re!ister, if the husb nd or, in proper ' se, ny of his heirs, should reside in the 'ity or muni'ip lity where the birth too3 pl 'e or w s re'orded. If the husb nd or, in his def ult, ll of his heirs do not reside t the pl 'e of birth s defined in the first p r !r ph or where it w s re'orded, the period sh ll be two ye rs if they should reside in the Philippines/ nd three ye rs if bro d. If the birth of the 'hild h s been 'on'e led from or w s un3nown to the husb nd or his heirs, the period sh ll be 'ounted from the dis'overy or 3nowled!e of the birth of the 'hild or of the f 't of re!istr tion of s id birth, whi'hever is e rlier. *,71 Art. $5$. 2he heirs of the husb nd m y impu!n the fili tion of the 'hild within the period pres'ribed in the pre'edin! rti'le only in the followin! ' ses# *$- If the husb nd should died before the e)pir tion of the period fi)ed for brin!in! his 'tion/ *,- If he should die fter the filin! of the 'ompl int without h vin! desisted therefrom/ or *1- If the 'hild w s born husb nd. *,7, Ch pter ,. Proof of "ili tion Art. $5,. 2he fili tion of le!itim te 'hildren is est blished by ny of the followin!# fter the de th of the
*,- 2h t it is proved th t for biolo!i' l or other s'ientifi' re sons, the 'hild 'ould not h ve been th t of the husb nd, e)'ept in the inst n'e provided in the se'ond p r !r ph of Arti'le $74/ or *1- 2h t in ' se of 'hildren 'on'eived throu!h rtifi'i l insemin tion, the written uthori0 tion or r tifi' tion of either p rent w s obt ined throu!h mist 3e, fr ud, violen'e, intimid tion, or undue influen'e. *,++ Art. $75. 2he 'hild sh ll be 'onsidered le!itim te lthou!h the mother m y h ve de'l red ! inst its le!itim 'y or m y h ve been senten'ed s n dulteress. *,+7 Art. $76. If the m rri !e is termin ted nd the mother 'ontr 'ted nother m rri !e within three hundred d ys fter su'h termin tion of the former m rri !e, these rules sh ll !overn in the bsen'e of proof to the 'ontr ry# *$- A 'hild born before one hundred ei!hty d ys fter the solemni0 tion of the subse%uent m rri !e is
*$- 2he re'ord of birth ppe rin! in the 'ivil re!ister or fin l (ud!ment/ or *,- An dmission of le!itim te fili tion in publi' do'ument or priv te h ndwritten instrument nd si!ned by the p rent 'on'erned. In the bsen'e of the fore!oin! eviden'e, the le!itim te fili tion sh ll be proved by# *$- 2he open nd 'ontinuous possession of the st tus of le!itim te 'hild/ or *,- Any other me ns llowed by the Rules of Court nd spe'i l l ws. *,7+ , ,77 , ,75 Art. $51. 2he 'tion to 'l im le!itim 'y m y be brou!ht by the 'hild durin! his or her lifetime nd sh ll be tr nsmitted to the heirs should the 'hild die durin! minority or in st te of ins nity. In these ' ses, the heirs sh ll h ve period of five ye rs within whi'h to institute the 'tion. Art. $54. .e!itim te 'hildren sh ll h ve the ri!ht# *$- 2o be r the surn mes of the f ther nd the mother, in 'onformity with the provisions of the Civil Code on >urn mes/ *,- 2o re'eive support from their p rents, their s'end nts, nd in proper ' ses, their brothers nd sisters, in 'onformity with the provisions of this Code on >upport/ nd *1- 2o be entitled to the le!itim te nd other su''ession l ri!hts !r nted to them by the Civil Code. *,74 Ch pter 1. Ille!itim te Children Art. $5+. Ille!itim te 'hildren m y est blish their ille!itim te fili tion in the s me w y nd on the s me eviden'e s le!itim te 'hildren. 2he 'tion must be brou!ht within the s me period spe'ified in Arti'le $51, e)'ept when the 'tion is b sed on the se'ond p r !r ph of Arti'le $5,, in whi'h ' se the 'tion m y be brou!ht durin! the lifetime of the lle!ed p rent. *,6; -
Art. $57. Ille!itim te 'hildren sh ll use the surn me nd sh ll be under the p rent l uthority of their mother, nd sh ll be entitled to support in 'onformity with this Code. 2he le!itime of e 'h ille!itim te 'hild sh ll 'onsist of one9h lf of the le!itime of le!itim te 'hild. @)'ept for this modifi' tion, ll other provisions in the Civil Code !overnin! su''ession l ri!hts sh ll rem in in for'e. *,65 Ch pter 4. .e!itim ted Children Art. $55. Only 'hildren 'on'eived nd born outside of wedlo'3 of p rents who, t the time of the 'on'eption of the former, were not dis%u lified by ny impediment to m rry e 'h other m y be le!itim ted. *,7; Art. $56. .e!itim tion sh ll t 3e pl 'e by subse%uent v lid m rri !e between p rents. 2he nnulment of void ble m rri !e sh ll not ffe't the le!itim tion. *,5: Art. $5;. .e!itim ted 'hildren sh ll en(oy the s me ri!hts s le!itim te 'hildren. *,5, Art. $6:. 2he effe'ts of le!itim tion sh ll retro 't to the time of the 'hild8s birth. *,51 Art. $6$. 2he le!itim tion of 'hildren who died before the 'elebr tion of the m rri !e sh ll benefit their des'end nts. *,54Art. $6,. .e!itim tion m y be impu!ned only by those who re pre(udi'ed in their ri!hts, within five ye rs from the time their ' use of 'tion ''rues. *,5+ 2I2.@ AII A=OP2ION Art. $61. A person of !e nd in possession of full 'ivil ' p 'ity nd le! l ri!hts m y dopt, provided he is in position to support nd ' re for his 'hildren, le!itim te or ille!itim te, in 3eepin! with the me ns of the f mily. Only minors m y be dopted, e)'ept in the ' ses when the doption of person of m (ority !e is llowed in this 2itle. In ddition, the dopter must be t le st si)teen ye rs older th n the person to be dopted, unless the
dopter is the p rent by n ture of the dopted, or is the spouse of the le!itim te p rent of the person to be dopted. *,5 , @. O. ;$ nd P= 7:1Art. $64. 2he followin! persons m y not dopt# *$- 2he !u rdi n with respe't to the w rd prior to the pprov l of the fin l ''ounts rendered upon the termin tion of their !u rdi nship rel tion/ *,- Any person who h s been 'onvi'ted of involvin! mor l turpitude/ *1- An lien, e)'ept# * - A former "ilipino 'iti0en who see3s to rel tive by 'ons n!uinity/ dopt 'rime
*b- One who see3s to dopt the le!itim te 'hild of his or her "ilipino spouse/ or *'- One who is m rried to "ilipino 'iti0en nd see3s to dopt (ointly with his or her spouse rel tive by 'ons n!uinity of the l tter. Aliens not in'luded in the fore!oin! e)'eptions m y dopt "ilipino 'hildren in ''ord n'e with the rules on inter9'ountry doptions s m y be provided by l w. *,6 , @. O. ;$ nd P= 7:1Art. $6+. ?usb nd nd wife must (ointly dopt, e)'ept in the followin! ' ses# *$- <hen one spouse see3s to ille!itim te 'hild/ or dopt his own
*,- <hen one spouse see3s to dopt the le!itim te 'hild of the other. *,; , @. O. ;$ nd P= 7:1Art. $67. In ' se husb nd nd wife (ointly dopt or one spouse dopts the le!itim te 'hild of the other, (oint p rent l uthority sh ll be e)er'ised by the spouses in ''ord n'e with this Code. *,; , @. O. nd P= 7:1Art. $65. 2he followin! m y not be dopted# *$- A person of le! l !e, unless he or she is 'hild by n ture of the dopter or his or her spouse, or, prior to the doption, s id person h s been 'onsistently 'onsidered nd tre ted by the dopter s his or her
own 'hild durin! minority. *,- An lien with whose !overnment the Republi' of the Philippines h s no diplom ti' rel tions/ nd *1- A person who h s lre dy been dopted unless su'h doption h s been previously revo3ed or res'inded. *1: , @. O. ;$ nd P= 7:1Art. $66. 2he written 'onsent of the followin! to the doption sh ll be ne'ess ry# *$- 2he person to be dopted, if ten ye rs of over, !e or
*$- .e!itim te nd ille!itim te 'hildren nd des'end nts nd the survivin! spouse of the dopted sh ll inherit from the dopted, in ''ord n'e with the ordin ry rules of le! l or intest te su''ession/ *,- <hen the p rents, le!itim te or ille!itim te, or the le!itim te s'end nts of the dopted 'on'ur with the dopter, they sh ll divide the entire est te, one9h lf to be inherited by the p rents or s'end nts nd the other h lf, by the dopters/ *1- <hen the survivin! spouse or the ille!itim te 'hildren of the dopted 'on'ur with the dopters, they sh ll divide the entire est te in e%u l sh res, one9h lf to be inherited by the spouse or the ille!itim te 'hildren of the dopted nd the other h lf, by the dopters. *4- <hen the dopters 'on'ur with the ille!itim te 'hildren nd the survivin! spouse of the dopted, they sh ll divide the entire est te in e%u l sh res, one9third to be inherited by the ille!itim te 'hildren, one9third by the survivin! spouse, nd one9third by the dopters/ *+- <hen only the dopters survive, they sh ll inherit the entire est te/ nd *7- <hen only 'oll ter l blood rel tives of the dopted survive, then the ordin ry rules of le! l or intest te su''ession sh ll pply. *1;*4- , P= 7:1Art. $;$. If the dopted is minor or otherwise in' p 'it ted, the doption m y be (udi'i lly res'inded upon petition of ny person uthori0ed by the 'ourt or proper !overnment instrument l 'tin! on his beh lf, on the s me !rounds pres'ribed for loss or suspension of p rent l uthority. If the dopted is t le st ei!hteen ye rs of !e, he m y petition for (udi'i l res'ission of the doption on the s me !rounds pres'ribed for disinheritin! n s'end nt. *4: , P= 7:1Art. $;,. 2he dopters m y petition the 'ourt for the (udi'i l res'ission of the doption in ny of the followin! ' ses# *$- If the dopted h s 'ommitted ny 't 'onstitutin! !round for disinheritin! des'end nt/ or *,- <hen the dopted h s b ndoned the home of the dopters durin! minority for t le st one ye r, or, by
some other 'ts, h s definitely repudi ted the doption. *4$ , P= 7:1Art. $;1. If the dopted minor h s not re 'hed the !e of m (ority t the time of the (udi'i l res'ission of the doption, the 'ourt in the s me pro'eedin! sh ll reinst te the p rent l uthority of the p rents by n ture, unless the l tter re dis%u lified or in' p 'it ted, in whi'h ' se the 'ourt sh ll ppoint !u rdi n over the person nd property of the minor. If the dopted person is physi' lly or ment lly h ndi' pped, the 'ourt sh ll ppoint in the s me pro'eedin! !u rdi n over his person or property or both. Iudi'i l res'ission of the doption sh ll e)tin!uish ll re'ipro' l ri!hts nd obli! tions between the dopters nd the dopted risin! from the rel tionship of p rent nd 'hild. 2he dopted sh ll li3ewise lose the ri!ht to use the surn mes of the dopters nd sh ll resume his surn me prior to the doption. 2he 'ourt sh ll ''ordin!ly order the mendment of the re'ords in the proper re!istries. *4, , P= 7:12I2.@ AIII >UPPOR2 Art. $;4. >upport 'omprises everythin! indispens ble for susten n'e, dwellin!, 'lothin!, medi' l ttend n'e, edu' tion nd tr nsport tion, in 3eepin! with the fin n'i l ' p 'ity of the f mily. 2he edu' tion of the person entitled to be supported referred to in the pre'edin! p r !r ph sh ll in'lude his s'hoolin! or tr inin! for some profession, tr de or vo' tion, even beyond the !e of m (ority. 2r nsport tion sh ll in'lude e)penses in !oin! to nd from s'hool, or to nd from pl 'e of wor3. *,;: Art. $:+. >ub(e't to the provisions of the su''eedin! rti'les, the followin! re obli!ed to support e 'h other to the whole e)tent set forth in the pre'edin! rti'le# *$- 2he spouses/ *,- .e!itim te s'end nts nd des'end nts/ *1- P rents nd their le!itim te 'hildren nd the
*,- 2he p rents by n ture of the 'hild, the le! l !u rdi n, or the proper !overnment instrument lity/ *1- 2he le!itim te nd dopted 'hildren, ten ye rs of !e or over, of the doptin! p rent or p rents/ *4- 2he ille!itim te 'hildren, ten ye rs of !e or over, of the doptin! p rent, if livin! with s id p rent nd the l tter8s spouse, if ny/ nd *+- 2he spouse, if ny, of the person doptin! or to be dopted. *1$ , @. O. ;$ nd P= 7:1Art. $6;. Adoption sh ll h ve the followin! effe'ts# *$- "or 'ivil purposes, the dopted sh ll be deemed to be le!itim te 'hild of the dopters nd both sh ll '%uire the re'ipro' l ri!hts nd obli! tions risin! from the rel tionship of p rent nd 'hild, in'ludin! the ri!ht of the dopted to use the surn me of the dopters/ *,- 2he p rent l uthority of the p rents by n ture over the dopted sh ll termin te nd be vested in the dopters, e)'ept th t if the dopter is the spouse of the p rent by n ture of the dopted, p rent l uthority over the dopted sh ll be e)er'ised (ointly by both spouses/ nd *1- 2he dopted sh ll rem in n intest te heir of his p rents nd other blood rel tives. *1;*$- , *1- , P= 7:1Art. $;:. .e! l or intest te su''ession to the est te of the dopted sh ll be !overned by the followin! rules#
le!itim te nd ille!itim te 'hildren of the l tter/ *4- P rents nd their ille!itim te 'hildren nd the le!itim te nd ille!itim te 'hildren of the l tter/ nd *+- .e!itim te brothers nd sisters, whether of full or h lf9blood *,;$ Art. $;7. Brothers nd sisters not le!itim tely rel ted, whether of the full or h lf9blood, re li3ewise bound to support e 'h other to the full e)tent set forth in Arti'le $;4, e)'ept only when the need for support of the brother or sister, bein! of !e, is due to ' use imput ble to the 'l im nt8s f ult or ne!li!en'e. *,;$ Art. $;5. In ' se of le!itim te s'end nts/ des'end nts, whether le!itim te or ille!itim te/ nd brothers nd sisters, whether le!itim tely or ille!itim tely rel ted, only the sep r te property of the person obli!ed to !ive support sh ll be nswer ble provided th t in ' se the obli!or h s no sep r te property, the bsolute 'ommunity or the 'on(u! l p rtnership, if fin n'i lly ' p ble, sh ll dv n'e the support, whi'h sh ll be dedu'ted from the sh re of the spouse obli!ed upon the li%uid tion of the bsolute 'ommunity or of the 'on(u! l p rtnership. *nArt. $;6. =urin! the pro'eedin!s for le! l sep r tion or for nnulment of m rri !e, nd for de'l r tion of nullity of m rri !e, the spouses nd their 'hildren sh ll be supported from the properties of the bsolute 'ommunity or the 'on(u! l p rtnership. After the fin l (ud!ment !r ntin! the petition, the obli! tion of mutu l support between the spouses 'e ses. ?owever, in ' se of le! l sep r tion, the 'ourt m y order th t the !uilty spouse sh ll !ive support to the inno'ent one, spe'ifyin! the terms of su'h order. *,;, Art. $;;. <henever two or more persons re obli!ed to !ive support, the li bility sh ll devolve upon the followin! persons in the order herein provided# *$*,*1*42he spouse/ 2he des'end nts in the ne rest de!ree/ 2he s'end nts in the ne rest de!ree/ nd 2he brothers nd sisters. *,;4 -
resour'es of e 'h. ?owever, in ' se of ur!ent need nd by spe'i l 'ir'umst n'es, the (ud!e m y order only one of them to furnish the support provision lly, without pre(udi'e to his ri!ht to 'l im from the other obli!ors the sh re due from them. <hen two or more re'ipients t the s me time 'l im support from one nd the s me person le! lly obli!ed to !ive it, should the l tter not h ve suffi'ient me ns to s tisfy ll 'l ims, the order est blished in the pre'edin! rti'le sh ll be followed, unless the 'on'urrent obli!ees should be the spouse nd 'hild sub(e't to p rent l uthority, in whi'h ' se the 'hild sh ll be preferred. *,;+ Art. ,:$. 2he mount of support, in the ' ses referred to in Arti'les $;+ nd $;7, sh ll be in proportion to the resour'es or me ns of the !iver nd to the ne'essities of the re'ipient. *,;7 Art. ,:,. >upport in the ' ses referred to in the pre'edin! rti'le sh ll be redu'ed or in're sed proportion tely, ''ordin! to the redu'tion or in're se of the ne'essities of the re'ipient nd the resour'es or me ns of the person obli!ed to furnish the s me. *,;5 Art. ,:1. 2he obli! tion to !ive support sh ll be dem nd ble from the time the person who h s ri!ht to re'eive the s me needs it for m inten n'e, but it sh ll not be p id e)'ept from the d te of (udi'i l or e)tr 9(udi'i l dem nd. >upport pendente lite m y be 'l imed in ''ord n'e with the Rules of Court. P yment sh ll be m de within the first five d ys of e 'h 'orrespondin! month or when the re'ipient dies, his heirs sh ll not be obli!ed to return wh t he h s re'eived in dv n'e. *,;6 Art. ,:4. 2he person obli!ed to !ive support sh ll h ve the option to fulfill the obli! tion either by p yin! the llow n'e fi)ed, or by re'eivin! nd m int inin! in the f mily dwellin! the person who h s ri!ht to re'eive support. 2he l tter ltern tive ' nnot be v iled of in ' se there is mor l or le! l obst 'le thereto. *,;; -
Art. ,:+. 2he ri!ht to re'eive support under this 2itle s well s ny money or property obt ined s su'h support sh ll not be levied upon on tt 'hment or e)e'ution. *1:, Art. ,:7. <hen, without the 3nowled!e of the person obli!ed to !ive support, it is !iven by str n!er, the l tter sh ll h ve ri!ht to 'l im the s me from the former, unless it ppe rs th t he ! ve it without intention of bein! reimbursed. *,$74 Art. ,:5. <hen the person obli!ed to support nother un(ustly refuses or f ils to !ive support when ur!ently needed by the l tter, ny third person m y furnish support to the needy individu l, with ri!ht of reimbursement from the person obli!ed to !ive support. 2his Arti'le sh ll p rti'ul rly pply when the f ther or mother of 'hild under the !e of m (ority un(ustly refuses to support or f ils to !ive support to the 'hild when ur!ently needed. *,$77 Art. ,:6. In ' se of 'ontr 'tu l support or th t !iven by will, the e)'ess in mount beyond th t re%uired for le! l support sh ll be sub(e't to levy on tt 'hment or e)e'ution. "urthermore, 'ontr 'tu l support sh ll be sub(e't to d(ustment whenever modifi' tion is ne'ess ry due to 'h n!es of 'ir'umst n'es m nifestly beyond the 'ontempl tion of the p rties. *n-
TITLE IX PARENTAL AUTHORITY Ch pter $. Gener l Provisions Art. ,:;. Pursu nt to the n tur l ri!ht nd duty of p rents over the person nd property of their unem n'ip ted 'hildren, p rent l uthority nd responsibility sh ll in'lude the ' rin! for nd re rin! them for 'ivi' 'ons'iousness nd effi'ien'y nd the development of their mor l, ment l nd physi' l 'h r 'ter nd well9bein!. *nArt. ,$:. P rent l uthority nd responsibility m y not be renoun'ed or tr nsferred e)'ept in the ' ses uthori0ed by l w. *1$1 Art. ,$$. 2he f ther nd the mother sh ll (ointly
Art. ,::. <hen the obli! tion to !ive support f lls upon two or more persons, the p yment of the s me sh ll be divided between them in proportion to the
e)er'ise p rent l uthority over the persons of their 'ommon 'hildren. In ' se of dis !reement, the f ther8s de'ision sh ll prev il, unless there is (udi'i l order to the 'ontr ry. Children sh ll lw ys observe respe't nd reveren'e tow rds their p rents nd re obli!ed to obey them s lon! s the 'hildren re under p rent l uthority. *1$$ Art. ,$,. In ' se of bsen'e or de th of either p rent, the p rent present sh ll 'ontinue e)er'isin! p rent l uthority. 2he rem rri !e of the survivin! p rent sh ll not ffe't the p rent l uthority over the 'hildren, unless the 'ourt ppoints nother person to be the !u rdi n of the person or property of the 'hildren. *nArt. ,$1. In ' se of sep r tion of the p rents, p rent l uthority sh ll be e)er'ised by the p rent desi!n ted by the Court. 2he Court sh ll t 3e into ''ount ll relev nt 'onsider tions, espe'i lly the 'hoi'e of the 'hild over seven ye rs of !e, unless the p rent 'hosen is unfit. *nArt. ,$4. In ' se of de th, bsen'e or unsuit bility of the p rents, substitute p rent l uthority sh ll be e)er'ised by the survivin! !r ndp rent. In ' se sever l survive, the one desi!n ted by the 'ourt, t 3in! into ''ount the s me 'onsider tion mentioned in the pre'edin! rti'le, sh ll e)er'ise the uthority. *1++ Art. ,$+. No des'end nt sh ll be 'ompelled, in 'rimin l ' se, to testify ! inst his p rents nd !r ndp rents, e)'ept when su'h testimony is indispens ble in 'rime ! inst the des'end nt or by one p rent ! inst the other. *1$+ Ch pter ,. >ubstitute nd >pe'i l P rent l Authority Art. ,$7. In def ult of p rents or (udi'i lly ppointed !u rdi n, the followin! person sh ll e)er'ise substitute p rent l uthority over the 'hild in the order indi' ted# *$- 2he survivin! !r ndp rent, s provided in Art. ,$4/ *,- 2he oldest brother or sister, over twenty9one ye rs of !e, unless unfit or dis%u lified/ nd *1- 2he 'hild8s 'tu l 'ustodi n, over twenty9one ye rs
of !e, unless unfit or dis%u lified. <henever the ppointment or (udi'i l !u rdi n over the property of the 'hild be'omes ne'ess ry, the s me order of preferen'e sh ll be observed. *14; , 1+$ , 1+4 Art. ,$5. In ' se of foundlin!s, b ndoned ne!le'ted or bused 'hildren nd other 'hildren simil rly situ ted, p rent l uthority sh ll be entrusted in summ ry (udi'i l pro'eedin!s to he ds of 'hildren8s homes, orph n !es nd simil r institutions duly ''redited by the proper !overnment !en'y. *1$4 Art. ,$6. 2he s'hool, its dministr tors nd te 'hers, or the individu l, entity or institution en! !ed in 'hild re sh ll h ve spe'i l p rent l uthority nd responsibility over the minor 'hild while under their supervision, instru'tion or 'ustody. Authority nd responsibility sh ll pply to ll uthori0ed 'tivities whether inside or outside the premises of the s'hool, entity or institution. *14; Art. ,$;. 2hose !iven the uthority nd responsibility under the pre'edin! Arti'le sh ll be prin'ip lly nd solid rily li ble for d m !es ' used by the 'ts or omissions of the unem n'ip ted minor. 2he p rents, (udi'i l !u rdi ns or the persons e)er'isin! substitute p rent l uthority over s id minor sh ll be subsidi rily li ble. 2he respe'tive li bilities of those referred to in the pre'edin! p r !r ph sh ll not pply if it is proved th t they e)er'ised the proper dili!en'e re%uired under the p rti'ul r 'ir'umst n'es. All other ' ses not 'overed by this nd the pre'edin! rti'les sh ll be !overned by the provisions of the Civil Code on %u si9deli'ts. *nCh pter 1. @ffe't of P rent l Authority Upon the Persons of the Children Art. ,,:. 2he p rents nd those e)er'isin! p rent l uthority sh ll h ve with the respe't to their unem n'ip ted 'hildren on w rds the followin! ri!hts nd duties# *$- 2o 3eep them in their 'omp ny, to support, edu' te nd instru't them by ri!ht pre'ept nd !ood
e) mple, nd to provide for their upbrin!in! in 3eepin! with their me ns/ *,- 2o !ive them love nd ffe'tion, dvi'e 'ounsel, 'omp nionship nd underst ndin!/ nd
*1- 2o provide them with mor l nd spiritu l !uid n'e, in'ul' te in them honesty, inte!rity, self9dis'ipline, self9reli n'e, industry nd thrift, stimul te their interest in 'ivi' ff irs, nd inspire in them 'ompli n'e with the duties of 'iti0enship/ *4- 2o furnish edu' tion l m re're tion nd from b d 'omp h bits detriment them with !ood nd wholesome teri ls, supervise their 'tivities, sso'i tion with others, prote't them ny, nd prevent them from '%uirin! l to their he lth, studies nd mor ls/ ll m tters ffe'tin! their
*+- 2o represent them in interests/
*7- 2o dem nd from them respe't nd obedien'e/ *5- 2o impose dis'ipline on them s m y be re%uired under the 'ir'umst n'es/ nd *6- 2o perform su'h other duties s re imposed by l w upon p rents nd !u rdi ns. *1$7 Art. ,,$. P rents nd other persons e)er'isin! p rent l uthority sh ll be 'ivilly li ble for the in(uries nd d m !es ' used by the 'ts or omissions of their unem n'ip ted 'hildren livin! in their 'omp ny nd under their p rent l uthority sub(e't to the ppropri te defenses provided by l w. *,$6:*,nd *4- Art. ,,,. 2he 'ourts m y ppoint !u rdi n of the 'hild8s property or !u rdi n d litem when the best interests of the 'hild so re%uires. *1$5Art. ,,1. 2he p rents or, in their bsen'e or in' p 'ity, the individu l, entity or institution e)er'isin! p rent l uthority, m y petition the proper 'ourt of the pl 'e where the 'hild resides, for n order providin! for dis'iplin ry me sures over the 'hild. 2he 'hild sh ll be entitled to the ssist n'e of 'ounsel, either of his 'hoi'e or ppointed by the 'ourt, nd summ ry he rin! sh ll be 'ondu'ted wherein the petitioner nd the 'hild sh ll be he rd.
?owever, if in the s me pro'eedin! the 'ourt finds the petitioner t f ult, irrespe'tive of the merits of the petition, or when the 'ir'umst n'es so w rr nt, the 'ourt m y lso order the depriv tion or suspension of p rent l uthority or dopt su'h other me sures s it m y deem (ust nd proper. *1$6 Art. ,,4. 2he me sures referred to in the pre'edin! rti'le m y in'lude the 'ommitment of the 'hild for not more th n thirty d ys in entities or institutions en! !ed in 'hild ' re or in 'hildren8s homes duly ''redited by the proper !overnment !en'y. 2he p rent e)er'isin! p rent l uthority sh ll not interfere with the ' re of the 'hild whenever 'ommitted but sh ll provide for his support. Upon proper petition or t its own inst n'e, the 'ourt m y termin te the 'ommitment of the 'hild whenever (ust nd proper. *1;$ Ch pter 4. @ffe't of P rent l Authority Upon the Property of the Children Art. ,,+. 2he f ther nd the mother sh ll (ointly e)er'ise le! l !u rdi nship over the property of the unem n'ip ted 'ommon 'hild without the ne'essity of 'ourt ppointment. In ' se of dis !reement, the f ther8s de'ision sh ll prev il, unless there is (udi'i l order to the 'ontr ry. <here the m r3et v lue of the property or the nnu l in'ome of the 'hild e)'eeds P+:,:::, the p rent 'on'erned sh ll be re%uired to furnish bond in su'h mount s the 'ourt m y determine, but not less th n ten per 'entum *$:J- of the v lue of the property or nnu l in'ome, to !u r ntee the perform n'e of the obli! tions pres'ribed for !ener l !u rdi ns. A verified petition for pprov l of the bond sh ll be filed in the proper 'ourt of the pl 'e where the 'hild resides, or, if the 'hild resides in forei!n 'ountry, in the proper 'ourt of the pl 'e where the property or ny p rt thereof is situ ted. 2he petition sh ll be do'3eted s summ ry spe'i l pro'eedin! in whi'h ll in'idents nd issues re! rdin! the perform n'e of the obli! tions referred to in the se'ond p r !r ph of this Arti'le sh ll be he rd nd resolved. 2he ordin ry rules on !u rdi nship sh ll be merely
suppletory e)'ept when the 'hild is under substitute p rent l uthority, or the !u rdi n is str n!er, or p rent h s rem rried, in whi'h ' se the ordin ry rules on !u rdi nship sh ll pply. *1,: Art. ,,7. 2he property of the unem n'ip ted 'hild e rned or '%uired with his wor3 or industry or by onerous or !r tuitous title sh ll belon! to the 'hild in ownership nd sh ll be devoted e)'lusively to the l tter8s support nd edu' tion, unless the title or tr nsfer provides otherwise. 2he ri!ht of the p rents over the fruits nd in'ome of the 'hild8s property sh ll be limited prim rily to the 'hild8s support nd se'ond rily to the 'olle'tive d ily needs of the f mily. *1,$ , 1,1 Art. ,,5. If the p rents entrust the m n !ement or dministr tion of ny of their properties to n unem n'ip ted 'hild, the net pro'eeds of su'h property sh ll belon! to the owner. 2he 'hild sh ll be !iven re son ble monthly llow n'e in n mount not less th n th t whi'h the owner would h ve p id if the dministr tor were str n!er, unless the owner, !r nts the entire pro'eeds to the 'hild. In ny ' se, the pro'eeds thus !ive in whole or in p rt sh ll not be 'h r!ed to the 'hild8s le!itime. *1,, Ch pter +. >uspension or 2ermin tion of P rent l Authority Art. ,,6. P rent l uthority termin tes perm nently# *$- Upon the de th of the p rents/ *,- Upon the de th of the 'hild/ or *1- Upon em n'ip tion of the 'hild. *1,5 Art. ,,;. Unless subse%uently revived by (ud!ment, p rent l uthority lso termin tes# *$- Upon doption of the 'hild/ *,- Upon ppointment of !ener l !u rdi n/ fin l
*+- Upon (udi'i l de'l r tion of bsen'e or in' p 'ity of the person e)er'isin! p rent l uthority. *1,5 Art. ,1:. P rent l uthority is suspended upon 'onvi'tion of the p rent or the person e)er'isin! the s me of 'rime whi'h ' rries with it the pen lty of 'ivil interdi'tion. 2he uthority is utom ti' lly reinst ted upon servi'e of the pen lty or upon p rdon or mnesty of the offender. *11: Art. ,1$. 2he 'ourt in n 'tion filed for the purpose in rel ted ' se m y lso suspend p rent l uthority if the p rent or the person e)er'isin! the s me# *$- 2re ts the 'hild with e)'essive h rshness or 'ruelty/ *,- Gives the 'hild 'orruptin! orders, 'ounsel or e) mple/ *1- Compels the 'hild to be!/ or *4- >ub(e'ts the 'hild or llows him to be sub(e'ted to 'ts of l s'iviousness. 2he !rounds enumer ted bove re deemed to in'lude ' ses whi'h h ve resulted from 'ulp ble ne!li!en'e of the p rent or the person e)er'isin! p rent l uthority. If the de!ree of seriousness so w rr nts, or the welf re of the 'hild so dem nds, the 'ourt sh ll deprive the !uilty p rty of p rent l uthority or dopt su'h other me sures s m y be proper under the 'ir'umst n'es. 2he suspension or depriv tion m y be revo3ed nd the p rent l uthority revived in ' se filed for the purpose or in the s me pro'eedin! if the 'ourt finds th t the ' use therefor h s 'e sed nd will not be repe ted. *11 Art. ,1,. If the person e)er'isin! p rent l uthority h s sub(e'ted the 'hild or llowed him to be sub(e'ted to se)u l buse, su'h person sh ll be perm nently deprived by the 'ourt of su'h uthority. *nArt. ,11. 2he person e)er'isin! substitute p rent l uthority sh ll h ve the s me uthority over the person of the 'hild s the p rents.
*1- Upon (udi'i l de'l r tion of b ndonment of the 'hild in ' se filed for the purpose/ *4- Upon fin l (ud!ment of 'ompetent 'ourt divestin! the p rty 'on'erned of p rent l uthority/ or
involvin! p rent l uthority. *nIn no ' se sh ll the s'hool dministr tor, te 'her of individu l en! !ed in 'hild ' re e)er'isin! spe'i l p rent l uthority infli't 'orpor l punishment upon the 'hild. *nTITLE X EMANCIPATION AND A"E OF MAJORITY Art. ,14. @m n'ip tion t 3es pl 'e by the tt inment of m (ority. Unless otherwise provided, m (ority 'ommen'es t the !e of twenty9one ye rs. @m n'ip tion lso t 3es pl 'e# *$- By the m rri !e of the minor/ or *,- By the re'ordin! in the Civil Re!ister of n !reement in publi' instrument e)e'uted by the p rent e)er'isin! p rent l uthority nd the minor t le st ei!hteen ye rs of !e. >u'h em n'ip tion sh ll be irrevo' ble. *1;5 , 1;6 , 4:: , 4:$ Art. ,1+. 2he provisions !overnin! em n'ip tion by re'orded !reement sh ll lso pply to n orph n minor nd the person e)er'isin! p rent l uthority but the !reement must be pproved by the 'ourt before it is re'orded. *nArt. ,17. @m n'ip tion for ny ' use sh ll termin te p rent l uthority over the person nd property of the 'hild who sh ll then be %u lified nd responsible for ll 'ts of 'ivil life. *4$, Art. ,15. 2he nnulment or de'l r tion of nullity of the m rri !e of minor or of the re'orded !reement mentioned in the fore!oin!. Arti'les ,14 nd ,1+ sh ll revive the p rent l uthority over the minor but sh ll not ffe't 'ts nd tr ns 'tions th t too3 pl 'e prior to the re'ordin! of the fin l (ud!ment in the Civil Re!ister. *nTITLE XI SUMMARY JUDICIAL PROCEEDIN"S IN THE FAMILY LA$ Ch pter $. Pref tory Provisions Art. ,16. Until modified by the >upreme Court, the pro'edur l rules provided for in this 2itle sh ll pply s re! rds sep r tion in f 't between husb nd nd wife, b ndonment by one of the other, nd in'idents Ch pter ,. >ep r tion in " 't Art. ,1;. <hen husb nd nd wife re sep r ted in f 't, or one h s b ndoned the other nd one of them see3s (udi'i l uthori0 tion for tr ns 'tion where the 'onsent of the other spouse is re%uired by l w but su'h 'onsent is withheld or ' nnot be obt ined, verified petition m y be filed in 'ourt lle!in! the fore!oin! f 'ts. 2he petition sh ll tt 'h the proposed deed, if ny, embodyin! the tr ns 'tion, nd, if none, sh ll des'ribe in det il the s id tr ns 'tion nd st te the re son why the re%uired 'onsent thereto ' nnot be se'ured. In ny ' se, the fin l deed duly e)e'uted by the p rties sh ll be submitted to nd pproved by the 'ourt. *nArt. ,4:. Cl ims for d m !es by either spouse, e)'ept 'osts of the pro'eedin!s, m y be liti! ted only in sep r te 'tion. *nArt. ,4$. Iurisdi'tion over the petition sh ll, upon proof of noti'e to the other spouse, be e)er'ised by the proper 'ourt uthori0ed to he r f mily ' ses, if one e)ists, or in the re!ion l tri l 'ourt or its e%uiv lent sittin! in the pl 'e where either of the spouses resides. *nArt. ,4,. Upon the filin! of the petition, the 'ourt sh ll notify the other spouse, whose 'onsent to the tr ns 'tion is re%uired, of s id petition, orderin! s id spouse to show ' use why the petition should not be !r nted, on or before the d te set in s id noti'e for the initi l 'onferen'e. 2he noti'e sh ll be ''omp nied by 'opy of the petition nd sh ll be served t the l st 3nown ddress of the spouse 'on'erned. *nArt. ,41. A prelimin ry 'onferen'e sh ll be 'ondu'ted by the (ud!e person lly without the p rties bein! ssisted by 'ounsel. After the initi l 'onferen'e, if the 'ourt deems it useful, the p rties m y be ssisted by 'ounsel t the su''eedin! 'onferen'es nd he rin!s. *nArt. ,44. In ' se of non9 ppe r n'e of the spouse whose 'onsent is sou!ht, the 'ourt sh ll in%uire into the re sons for his f ilure to ppe r, nd sh ll re%uire su'h ppe r n'e, if possible. *nArt. ,4+. If, despite ll efforts, the ttend n'e of the non9'onsentin! spouse is not se'ured, the 'ourt m y pro'eed e) p rte nd render (ud!ment s the f 'ts nd 'ir'umst n'es m y w rr nt. In ny ' se, the (ud!e sh ll ende vor to prote't the interests of the non9 ppe rin! spouse. *nArt. ,47. If the petition is not resolved t the initi l 'onferen'e, s id petition sh ll be de'ided in summ ry he rin! on the b sis of ffid vits, do'ument ry eviden'e or or l testimonies t the sound dis'retion of the 'ourt. If testimony is needed, the 'ourt sh ll spe'ify the witnesses to be he rd nd the sub(e't9m tter of their testimonies, dire'tin! the p rties to present s id witnesses. *nArt. ,45. 2he (ud!ment of the 'ourt sh ll be immedi tely fin l nd e)e'utory. *nArt. ,46. 2he petition for (udi'i l uthority to dminister or en'umber spe'ifi' sep r te property of the b ndonin! spouse nd to use the fruits or pro'eeds thereof for the support of the f mily sh ll lso be !overned by these rules. *nCh pter 1. In'idents Involvin! P rent l Authority Art. ,4;. Petitions filed under Arti'les ,,1, ,,+ nd ,1+ of this Code involvin! p rent l uthority sh ll be verified. *nArt. ,+:. >u'h petitions sh ll be verified nd filed in the proper 'ourt of the pl 'e where the 'hild resides. *nArt. ,+$. Upon the filin! of the petition, the 'ourt sh ll notify the p rents or, in their bsen'e or in' p 'ity, the individu ls, entities or institutions e)er'isin! p rent l uthority over the 'hild. *nArt. ,+,. 2he rules in Ch pter , hereof sh ll lso !overn summ ry pro'eedin!s under this Ch pter insof r s they re ppli' ble. *nCh pter 4. Other & tters >ub(e't to >umm ry Pro'eedin!s Art. ,+1. 2he fore!oin! rules in Ch pters , nd 1 hereof sh ll li3ewise !overn summ ry pro'eedin!s filed under Arti'les 4$, +$, 7;, 51, ;7, $,4 nd $,5,
insof r s they re ppli' ble. *n2I2.@ FII "INA. PROAI>ION> Art. ,+4. 2itles III, IA, A, AI, AIII, IF, FI, nd FA of Boo3 $ of Republi' A't No. 167, otherwise 3nown s the Civil Code of the Philippines, s mended, nd Arti'les $5, $6, $;, ,5, ,6, ,;, 1:, 1$, 1;, 4:, 4$, nd 4, of Presidenti l =e'ree No. 7:1, otherwise 3nown s the Child nd Houth <elf re Code, s mended, nd ll l ws, de'rees, e)e'utive orders, pro'l m tions, rules nd re!ul tions, or p rts thereof, in'onsistent herewith re hereby repe led. Art. ,++. If ny provision of this Code is held inv lid, ll the other provisions not ffe'ted thereby sh ll rem in v lid. Art. ,+7. 2his Code sh ll h ve retro 'tive effe't insof r s it does not pre(udi'e or imp ir vested or '%uired ri!hts in ''ord n'e with the Civil Code or other l ws. Art. ,+5. 2his Code sh ll t 3e effe't one ye r fter the 'ompletion of its publi' tion in newsp per of !ener l 'ir'ul tion, s 'ertified by the @)e'utive >e'ret ry, Offi'e of the President. =one in the City of & nil , this 7th d y of Iuly, in the ye r of Our .ord, nineteen hundred nd ei!hty9seven.

Executive Order No. 209 The Family Code of The Philippines July 6, 1987

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Executive Order No. 209 The Family Code of The Philippines July 6, 1987

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209 THE FAMILY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES July 6, 19 ! I, CORAZON C.

dopted 'hildren of the s me

s sep r ted properties of

pen lty whi'h

*+- 2o represent them in interests/

You might also like