Simile:

A simile is a figure of speech that directly compares two

different things by employing the words "like", "as", or "than".[1] Even though both similes and metaphors are forms of comparison, similes indirectly compare the two ideas and allow them to remain distinct in spite of their similarities, whereas metaphors compare two things directly. For instance, a simile that compares a person with a bullet would go as follows: "Chris was a record-setting runner as fast as a speeding bullet." A metaphor might read something like, "When Chris ran, he was a speeding bullet racing along the track."

Metaphor : A figure of speech in which an implied comparison is

made between two unlike things that actually have something in common. Adjective: metaphorical. A metaphor expresses the unfamiliar (the tenor) in terms of the familiar (the vehicle). When Neil Young sings, "Love is a rose," "rose" is the vehicle for "love," the tenor. (In cognitive linguistics, the terms target and source are roughly equivalent to tenor and vehicle.) For a discussion of the differences between metaphors and similes, see Simile ("Observations"). Types of Metaphors: absolute, burlesque, catachretic, complex, conceptual, conventional, creative, dead, extended, grammatical, mixed, ontological, personification, primary, root, structural, submerged, therapeutic, visual

Personification:
Personification is the technique of giving a non-human thing human qualities such as hearing, feeling, talking, or making decisions. Writers use personification to emphasize something or make it stand out. Personification makes the material more interesting and creates a new way to look at every day things.

Inony:

Irony is a figure of speech in which an expression means

something the opposite of or very contrary to its literal meaning.

Hyperbole:
Hyperbole is a figure of speech that uses an exaggerated or extravagant statement to create a strong emotional response. As a figure of speech it is not intended to be taken literally. Hyperbole is frequently used for humour. Examples of hyperbole are:

They ran like greased lightning. He's got tons of money. Her brain is the size of a pea. He is older than the hills. I will die if she asks me to dance. She is as big as an elephant! I'm so hungry I could eat a horse. I have told you a million times not to lie!