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CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

B CNG NGHIP

Quy nh k thut in nng thn


QKT.NT 2006

2006

QKT.NT -2006

Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

QKT.NT-2006
B Cng nghip

Mc lc
Phn 1
QUY NH K THUT in nng thn
Chng I: Qui nh chung
1 - 1. Phm vi p dng, nh ngha
1 - 2 Cc qui phm, tiu chun p dng
1 - 3 Ph ti in nng thn
1 - 4 Yu cu cht lng in p i vi ph ti in nng thn
1 - 5 S li in phn phi
1 - 6 Cp in p phn phi
1 - 7 Kt cu li in phn phi
1 - 8 iu kin kh hu v t hp ti trng gi tc dng
1 - 9 Tnh ton p lc gi tc ng vo kt cu
1 - 10 Khong cch an ton v hnh lang bo v
1-11 Yu cu kho st khi xy dng cc cng trnh in:
A. Kho st ng dy
B. Kho st trm bin p
Chng II: trm bin p phn phi
2 - 1 Phm vi cp in, la chn cng sut v a im
2 - 2 Kt cu trm bin p
2 - 3 La chn my bin p
2 - 4 Gii php chng st, ni t trm bin p
2 - 5 Thit b ng ct bo v ngn mch trm bin p
2 - 6 o m in nng-in p v dng in
2 - 7 Gii php xy dng trm bin p

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

QKT.NT -2006

Chng III: ng dy trung p


a. ng dy trn khng

3 - 1. Dy dn in
3 - 2. Cch in v ph kin ng dy
3 - 3. Chng st v ni t
3 - 4. Thit b bo v v phn on ng dy
3 - 5. Ct in
3 - 6. X v gi ng dy
3 - 7. Mng ct
3 - 8 No ct
b. ng cp in

3 - 9. Chn tit din cp


3 - 10. Chn phng thc t cp, loi cp
3 - 11. Lp t hp ni v u cp
3 - 12. Ni t cp
Chng IV: ng dy h p
4 - 1. Dy dn in
4 - 2. Cch in v ph kin
4 - 3. Ni t
4 - 4. Ct in
4 - 5. X v gi
4 - 6. Mng ct v no ct
4 - 7. Cp vn xon ABC
4 - 8. Cng t v hp cng t
4 - 9. Khong cch an ton li in h p nng thn
CHNG V: CUNG CP IN KHU VC NGOI LI
5 - 1. D bo ph ti
5 - 2. Xy dng ngun in
5 - 3. Xy dng li in

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

QKT.NT -2006

Phn 2
Ph lc
ph lc 1:
yu cu k thut c bn i vi thit b,
vt liu in v kt cu xy dng
1 - 1.
1 - 2.
1 - 3.
1 - 4.
1 - 5.
1 - 6.
1 - 7.
1 - 8.
1 - 9.

Tiu chun p dng


My bin p
Thit b ng ct
Thit b bo v
Cch in v ph kin
Cp v dy dn in
p t mt
Cng t in v hp cng t
Ct b tng

73
77
80
82
82
86
93
94
95

Ph lc 2:
s nguyn tc v b tr thit b
2 - 1. Trm bin p
2 - 2. ng dy trung p
2 - 3. ng dy h p

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

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Phn I
QUY NH K thut in nng thn
Chng I
Qui nh chung
1-1. Phm vi p dng , nh ngha
1-1.1. Quy nh v tiu chun k thut in kh ho v li in nng thn gi
tt l Quy nh k thut in nng thn (NT.QKT-2006) c p dng
trong vic quy hoch, thit k, xy dng mi, ci to, nng cp v nghim
thu cc cng trnh in c in p danh nh n 35kV phc v cho cc
nhu cu s dng in ti nng thn.
1-1.2. Nng thn l phn lnh th khng thuc ni thnh, ni th cc thnh ph,
th x, th trn.
1-1.3. Khu vc ng dn c c hiu l cc th t, trung tm cm x, x nghip
cng nng nghip, bn , cng, nh ga, bn xe, cng vin, trng hc,
ch, sn vn ng, bi tm, khu vc xm lng ng dn v.v.
1-1.4. Khu vc t dn c l nhng ni tuy thng xuyn c ngi v xe c qua li
nhng nh ca tha tht, ng rung, vn i, khu vc ch c nh ca
hoc cc cng trnh kin trc tm thi.
1-1.5. Khu vc kh n l nhng ni m ngi i b rt kh ti c
1-1.6. Thit b in l cc thit b dng truyn ti, bin i, phn phi v tiu
th in nng. Thit b in ngoi tri l thit b in t ngoi tri hoc
ch bo v bng mi che. Thit b in trong nh l thit b in t trong
nh c tng v mi che.
1-1.7. Vt liu k thut in l nhng vt liu c cc tnh cht xc nh i vi
trng in t s dng trong k thut in.
1-1.8. Kt cu xy dng bao gm cc loi ct in, x, gi, dy no, mng ct,
mng no, nh ca, cng, hng ro trm bin p ...
1-1.9. Trm bin p trung gian l trm bin p c in p danh nh pha th cp
trn 1kV.
1-1.10.Trm bin p phn phi l trm bin p c in p danh nh pha s cp
trn 1kV n 35kV, pha th cp l 380V/220V hoc 220V.

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

QKT.NT -2006

1-1.11. ng dy trung p l ng dy trn khng (DK) hoc ng cp


(C) c in p danh nh trn 1kV n 35kV.
1-1.12. ng dy h p l ng dy trn khng (DK) hoc ng cp (C)
c in p danh nh n 1kV.
1-1.13. Mt s ch dn chung :
Trong Quy nh K thut ny c mt s khi nim v t ng c s dng
vi cc ngha c din gii di y:
1) V khi nim:
- in p danh nh h thng (nominal voltage of system) l tr s thch
hp c dng xc nh hoc nhn dng mt mt h thng in.
- in p nh mc (rated voltage) l mt tr s do nh ch to n nh
cho iu kin vn hnh ca mt phn t, thit b hoc dng c trong
h thng in tng ng.
- Thit b c dng in chm t ln l thit b c in p danh nh
ln hn 1kV v dng in chm t 1 pha ln hn 500A.
- Thit b c dng in chm t nh l thit b c in p danh nh
trn 1kV v dng in chm t 1 pha n 500A.
2) V t ng:
- Phi : Bt buc thc hin.
- Cn : Cn thit, cn c nhng khng bt buc.
- Nn : Khng bt buc nhng thc hin th tt.
- Thng, thng thng : C tnh ph bin, c s dng rng ri.
- C th : Khi cha c lun c khc xc ng hn th p dng c.
- Cho php : c thc hin; nh vy l tho ng v cn thit.
- Khng cho php : Bt buc khng lm nh vy.
- Khng nh hn hoc t nht l: l nh nht.
- Khng ln hn hoc nhiu nht l: l ln nht.
- T ... n ... : K c tr s u v tr s cui.
- Khong cch: T im n n im kia.
- Khong trng: t mp n n mp kia trong khng kh.

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

QKT.NT -2006

1-2. Cc qui phm, tiu chun p dng


Khi thit k v xy dng li in nng thn, phi thc hin cc qui nh
c th c nu trong tp Tiu chun k thut ny v cc qui phm, tiu
chun, ngh nh sau :
- Lut in lc s 28/2004/QH 11 c hiu lc t ngy 01/7/2005.
- Ngh nh 105/2005/N-CP ca Chnh ph ngy 17/8/2005. Quy nh chi
tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut in lc.
- Ngh nh 106/2005/N-CP ca Chnh ph ngy 17/8/2005. Quy nh chi
tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut in lc v bo v an ton
cng trnh li in cao p.
- Quy phm trang b in: 11TCN-18-2006 n 11TCN-21-2006.
- Quyt nh s 07/2006/Q-BCN ca B Cng nghip ngy 11/4/2006 v
quy nh tiu chun k thut v iu kin s dng in lm phng tin
bo v trc tip.
- Quyt nh s 1867NL/KHKT ngy 12/9/1994 ca B Nng lng (B
Cng nghip) v Cc tiu chun k thut cp in p 22kV.
- Tiu chun ti trng v tc ng: Tiu chun thit k TCVN 2737-1995.
- Ngh nh s 186/2004/N - CP, ngy 05/11/2004 cu Chnh ph Quy nh
v qun l v bo v kt cu h tng giao thng ng b.
- Cc quy chun, tiu chun Vit Nam lin quan n vic thit k, xy dng
v nghim thu cc cng trnh in.
- Cc ti liu k thut v thit b, vt liu in c ch to theo cc tiu
chun Vit Nam hoc cc tiu chun k thut quc t tng ng c qui
nh p dng ti Vit Nam.
- Tt c cc quy nh khng cp n trong Quy nh k thut ny phi
thc hin theo Lut, Ngh nh, Hng dn, Quy nh, Quy phm... lin
quan.

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

QKT.NT -2006

1-3. Ph ti in nng thn


1-3.1. Khi lp qui hoch, lp d n v thit k li in nng thn, phi iu tra,
xc nh v d bo cc nhu cu ph ti trong khu vc cho giai on 5-10
nm sau.
1-3.2. Ph ti in nng thn (cng sut v in nng) bao gm ton b cc
ph ti sinh hot gia dng (GD) v dch v cng cng (trng hc, trm
x, ca hng HTX mua bn v.v), cng nghip a phng, lm nghip, tiu
th cng (CN-TCN) v nng nghip (NN) trn a bn.
1) Nhu cu ph ti in cng nghip a phng, tiu th cng v lm nghip
c xc nh trn c s nhu cu hin ti v nh hng pht trin cc
ngnh kinh t ny trn a bn.
2) Nhu cu ph ti in nng nghip c xc nh trn c s k hoch v
qui hoch pht trin nng nghip v cc loi hnh cy trng (cy lng
thc, cy cng nghip, cy n qu), vt nui (nui trng thu sn, chn
nui gia sc) c tnh n c th v a hnh, quy m ti tiu trn a
bn.
3) Nhu cu sinh hot gia dng v dch v cng cng c d bo trn c s
ng k s dng in, cc s liu iu tra v mc sng, s lng v chng
loi thit b s dng in ca cc h dn c v cc ch tiu pht trin kinh
t, x hi trn a bn.
1-3.3. Khi s liu iu tra khng y c th tham kho p dng mt s nh
mc s dng in di y lp qui hoch, thit k cc d n li in
cho khu vc nng thn.
1-3.3.1. D bo nhu cu in sinh hot gia dng nng thn VN n nm
2010 v 2015:
2010
TT

Khu vc

Th trn, huyn l,
trung tm cm x
ng bng, Trung
du
Min ni

2
3

2015

Nhu cu
Nhu cu
Nhu cu
Nhu cu
in nng
cng sut
in nng
cng
kWh/h/nm
kWh/h/nm
sut
W/h
W/h

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

1200

850

1600

1000

700

500

1000

650

400

350

600

450
7

QKT.NT -2006

1-3.3.2. Nhu cu ti :
- Nhu cu cng sut ti :
+ Vng ng bng : 80 100W/ha
+ Vng trung du : 120 150W/ha
+ Vng ni

: 200 230W/ha

- Thi gian s dng cng sut cc i ti :


+ Cy la

: 1200h/nm

+ Cy n qu

: 1000h/nm

+ Cy cng nghip : 1500h/nm


1-3.3.3. Nhu cu tiu :
- Nhu cu cng sut tiu ng : 350 400W/ha
- Thi gian s dng cng sut cc i tiu (Tmax) : 700 800h/nm
1-3.3.4. T hp nhu cu cng sut cc i (Pmax) :
Pmax = KkV ( KGD.PGD + KCN, TCN . PCN, TCN + KNN.PNN )
Trong :
Pmax : cng sut cc i ca khu vc
PGD : tng nhu cu cng sut sinh hot gia dng v dch v cng
cng (GD)
PCN, TCN : tng nhu cu cng sut ph ti cng nghip v th cng
nghip (CN-TCN)
PNN : tng nhu cu cng sut ph ti nng nghip (NN)
KkV : h s ng thi cho cc loi ph ti trong khu vc d bo
KGD : h s ng thi ca cc h GD khu vc d bo
KCN, TCN : h s ng thi ca cc h CN-TCN khu vc d bo
KNN : h s ng thi ca cc h NN khu vc d bo.
- Khi cc s liu v h s ng thi cha c c s la chn chc chn c
th p dng cng thc gn ng sau :
Pmax = Kt (PGD + PCN, TCN + PNN) = Kt.P, vi
Kt l h s ng thi cng sut ca cc ph ti khu vc, c th la
chn nh sau :
+ Kt = 0,6

khi PGD 0,5 P

+ Kt = 0,7

khi PGD = 0,7 P

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

QKT.NT -2006

+ Kt = 0,9

khi PGD = P

Cc trng hp khc Kt c th ni suy.


1-4. Yu cu v cht lng in p
vi ph tI In nng thn
i vi ph ti in nng thn, trong iu kin vn hnh bnh thng lch
in p cho php trong khong 5% so vi in p danh nh (UD) ca li in
v c xc nh ti v tr t thit b o m in nng hoc ti v tr khc theo
tho thun gia hai bn . i vi li in cha n nh, in p c dao
ng t -10% n +5%.
Trong trng hp cn thit c th xem xt kh nng lp t t b trn ng dy
trung p nng in p theo yu cu.
1-5. s li in phn phi
Trn c s tnh cht ca ph ti in nng thn, yu cu v mc quan trng
cung cp in, iu kin kinh t trong vic u t li in m s li in
phn phi c thit k nh sau:
- S li in trung p c thit k ch yu theo dng hnh tia phn
on. Trong trng hp cp in cho khu vc c mt ph ti cao, nhiu
ph ti quan trng li in trung p nn thit k theo dng khp kn vn
hnh h nng cao tin cy cung cp in.
- S li in h p c thit k theo dng hnh tia.
1-6. Cp in p phn phi
1-6.1. Cp in p phn phi trung p
Li in phn phi trung p nng thn phi c thit k v xy dng
theo hng qui hoch lu di v cc cp in p chun l 22kV v 35kV
trong :
1) Cp 22kV cho cc khu vc c ngun 22kV v cc khu vc theo quy
hoch s c hoc s chuyn i t cp in p khc v in p 22kV.
Quy nh k thut in nng thn

QKT.NT -2006

2) Cp 35kV cho cc khu vc nng thn min ni c mt ph ti phn tn,


chiu di truyn ti ln, nm xa cc trm 110kV.
3) Cc cp in p 6-10-15kV khng nn pht trin m ch c tn dng n
ht tui th ca cng trnh
1-6.2. in p nh mc ca li phn phi h p chn thng nht l 380/220V
v 220V tng ng vi li in 3 pha v 1 pha hoc 2 pha pha s cp.

1-7. Kt cu li in phn phi


1-7.1. Li in 22kV
1-7.1.1 i vi li in trung p di 22kV ci to to thnh 22kV:
1) Li in hin ti c in p 6-10-15kV, s c ci to theo hng
chuyn v cp in p 22kV vi kt cu ng dy trc chnh cng cc
nhnh r 3 pha 3 dy hoc 3 pha 4 dy v cc trm vi my bin p (MBA)
3 pha hoc 3 my bin p 1 pha cp cho cc trung tm ph ti c nhu cu
s dng in 3 pha. Li in cp cho cc ph ti sinh hot gia dng c
xy dng ch yu l cc nhnh r 1 pha 2 dy v cc trm vi MBA 1 pha.
2) Khi lm vic cp in p 6kV; 10kV; 15kV li in vn hnh ch
trung tnh (cch ly hoc ni t) ca li hin ti. Sau ny chuyn v
lm vic cp in p 22kV c ci to.
1-7.1.2 i vi li in 22kV xy dng mi:
1) Li in 22kV mi c xy dng theo kt cu ng dy 3 pha 3 dy
hoc 3 pha 4 dy v cc trm vi MBA 3 pha hoc 3 MBA 1 pha cp in
cho cc trung tm ph ti ln c nhu cu s dng in 3 pha.
Li in cp cho cc ph ti sinh hot gia dng c xy dng ch
yu l cc nhnh r 1 pha 2 dy v cc trm vi MBA 1 pha.

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2) Trong trng hp cn thit, cho php xy dng cc trm bin p 2 pha s


dng in p dy cp in cho cc ph ti sinh hot gia dng. Khi s dng
li in 2 pha cn tha mn iu kin v khng i xng cho php ca
li in ch vn hnh bnh thng (khng vt qu 5% ).
1-7.2. Li in 35kV
1-7.2.1 i vi li in 35kV hin c, khng ci to thnh li in 22kV:
1) Cc ng trc cung cp in cho cc ph ti ln v quan trng vn gi
nguyn kt cu 3 pha 3 dy.
2) Cc nhnh r cung cp in cho cc trm bin p c cng sut nh, trong
trng hp cn thit cho php xy dng theo kt cu 2 pha 2 dy, s dng
in p dy, nhng phi tha mn iu kin v khng i xng cho php
ca li in ch vn hnh bnh thng (khng vt qu 5% ).
1-7.2.2 i vi li in 35kV hin c ci to thnh li in 22kV:
1) Cc ng trc 35kV cp in cho cc ph ti ln v quan trng s
ci to thnh 22kV vi kt cu 3 pha 3 dy hoc 3 pha 4 dy chun b
vn hnh ch trung tnh ni t trc tip.
2) i vi cc nhnh r 35kV v cc trm bin p 35kV cp in cho cc ph
ti nm trong khu vc quy hoch, sau ny s cp in bng li 22kV th
khi ci to v nng cp :
+ Cc trm bin p phi c thit k vi hai cp in p pha s
cp l 35 v 22kV to iu kin thun li cho vic chuyn i
li in sau ny.
+ ng dy c ci to theo hng 3 pha 4 dy vi trung tnh ni
t trc tip.
1-7.2.3 i vi li in 35kV xy dng mi:
1) i vi cc khu vc c trm bin p ngun vi cun 35kV trung tnh cch
ly, li in c xy dng vi kt cu ng dy trc chnh 35kV 3 pha 3
Quy nh k thut in nng thn

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QKT.NT -2006

dy cng cc nhnh r 35kV 3 pha 3 dy v cc trm bin p 3 pha


35/0,4kV cp in cho cc trung tm ph ti ln c nhu cu s dng in 3
pha.
2) Trong trng hp cn thit, cho php xy dng cc nhnh r 2 pha 35kV
v cc trm bin p 2 pha s dng in p dy cp in cho cc ph ti
sinh hot gia dng c ph ti ph hp vi cc my bin p cng sut 50
kVA tr xung. Khi s dng li in 2 pha cn phi tha mn iu kin
v khng i xng cho php ca li in ch vn hnh bnh
thng ( khng vt qu 5% ).
3) i vi cc khu vc c trm bin p ngun vi cun 35kV trung tnh trc
tip ni t hoc to ch trung tnh ni t trc tip th li in cp
cho cc ph ti ln v quan trng c xy dng theo kt cu 3 pha 3 dy
hoc 3 pha 4 dy. Li in cp cho cc ph ti sinh hot gia dng c
xy dng ch yu l cc nhnh r 1 pha 2 dy v cc trm vi my bin p
1 pha.
1-7.3 Li in h p:
- Li in h p c xy dng vi kt cu trc chnh l 3 pha 4 dy,
1 pha 2 dy hoc 1 pha 3 dy v cc nhnh r 1 pha 2 dy.
- Vic cp in cho cc ph ti gia dng ch yu c thc hin bng cc
nhnh r 1 pha 2 dy. Ch nn xy dng cc nhnh r 3 pha 4 dy trong
trng hp cp in cho cc h ph ti in 3 pha v cc khu vc c ph
ti tp trung.
1-8. iu kin kh hu v t hp ti trng gi tc dng
1-8.1. Trong thit k li in phi tnh ton kim tra iu kin lm vic ca
dy dn, cch in v cc kt cu xy dng ch vn hnh bnh thng
v cc ch s c, lp rp, qu in p kh quyn theo cc t hp di
y:
Quy nh k thut in nng thn

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QKT.NT -2006

1) T hp trong ch lm vic bnh thng:


+ Nhit khng kh cao nht Tmax; p lc gi q = 0
+ Nhit khng kh thp nht Tmin; p lc gi q = 0
+ Nhit khng kh trung bnh Ttb; p lc gi q= 0
+ Nhit khng kh T = 250C; p lc gi ln nht qmax
2) T hp trong ch s c:
+ Nhit khng kh T = 250C, p lc gi ln nht qmax
+ Cho php p lc gi gim mt cp (20 daN/m2) nhng khng nh
hn 40daN/m2
3) T hp trong ch lp rp:
+ Nhit khng kh T = 100C, p lc gi q = 6,2 daN/m2
4) T hp trong ch qu in p kh quyn:
+ Nhit khng kh T = 200C, p lc gi q = 0,1qmax nhng khng
nh hn 6,25daN/m2
i vi DK h p, tt c cc loi ct ch cn tnh theo ti trng c hc
ng vi ch lm vic bnh thng ca dy dn (khng b t) trong t
hp: p lc gi ln nht (qmax) v nhit thp nht (Tmin).
Trong tnh ton, cho php ch tnh cc ti trng ch yu sau y:
5) i vi ct : ti trng do gi tc ng theo phng nm ngang vung
gc vi tuyn dy dn v kt cu ct.
6) i vi ct no thng: ti trng do gi tc ng theo phng nm ngang
vung gc vi tuyn dy dn v kt cu ct, ti trng dc dy dn theo
phng nm ngang do lc cng chnh lch ca dy dn cc khong ct
k to ra.
7) i vi ct gc: ti trng theo phng nm ngang do lc cng dy dn hp
thnh (hng theo cc ng trc ca x), ti trng theo phng nm
Quy nh k thut in nng thn

13

QKT.NT -2006

ngang do gi tc ng ln dy dn v kt cu ct.
8) i vi ct cui: ti trng theo phng nm ngang tc ng dc tuyn
dy do lc cng v mt pha ca dy dn v do gi tc ng.
1-8.2. Cc tr s v nhit mi trng, p lc gi c xc nh theo kh hu
tng vng, trong p lc gi tiu chun ln nht vi tn sut 1 ln trong
10 nm ly theo quy nh ca TCVN 2737-1995. i vi ng dy in
p n 35kV mc dy cao quy i di 12 m tr s p lc gi tiu
chun cho php gim 15%. Ti cc khu vc khng c s liu quan trc,
cho php ly tc gi ln nht Vmax= 30 m/s tnh ton.
1-8.3. Ti trng u ct tnh ton khng c ln hn ti trng lc u ct quy
nh trong tiu chun ct thp v ct b tng ct thp.
1-9. Tnh ton p lc gi tc ng vo kt cu
1-9.1. p lc gi tc ng vo kt cu li in l t hp ca p lc gi tc dng
vo dy dn dy chng st, ct in, cc thit b cu kin lp rp trn
ng dy v trm theo quy nh ca TCVN 2737-1995.
1-9.2. p lc gi tc ng vo dy dn, dy chng st v ct in bt buc phi
tnh ton khi chn kt cu. C th b qua p lc gi tc dng vo cc thit
b, cu kin c kch thc nh lp trn ng dy.
1-9.3. Tnh ton p lc gi
1-9.3.1. p lc gi tc ng vo dy dn
p lc gi tc ng vo dy dn ca ng dy c xc nh cao ca
trng tm qui i ca tt c cc dy dn.
- cao qui i c xc nh theo cng thc:
hqd = hTB

2
f
3

Trong :
Quy nh k thut in nng thn

14

QKT.NT -2006

hTB : cao trung bnh mc dy vo cch in (m).


f : vng ln nht (m) khong ct tnh ton (khi nhit cao nht).
- p lc gi tiu chun tc ng vo dy c tnh :
Pd = a . Cx .Kl. q . F . sin2
Trong :
q : p lc gi tnh ton ln nht
K1 : h s quy i tnh n nh hng ca chiu di khong vt vo
ti trng gi, ly bng:
1,20 khi khong ct nh hn hoc bng 50m
1.10 khi khong ct bng 100m
1,05 khi khong ct bng 150m
1,00 khi khong ct bng hoc ln hn 250m
a : h s tnh n s khng bng nhau ca p lc gi ln tng vng
ca dy dn trong 1 khong ct bng:
1,00 khi p lc gi bng 27daN/m2
0,85 khi p lc gi bng 40daN/m2
0,77 khi p lc gi bng 50daN/m2
0,73 khi p lc gi bng 60daN/m2
0,71 khi p lc gi bng 70daN/m2
0,70 khi p lc gi bng 76daN/m2
Cc gi tr trung gian ni suy tuyn tnh
Cx : h s kh ng hc nh hng n mt tip xc ca dy dn
v dy chng st bng:
1,1 vi dy c ng knh ln hn hoc bng 20mm
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1,2 vi dy c ng knh nh hn 20mm


F : tit din cn gi ca dy dn v dy chng st.
: gc hp bi hng gi thi vi trc tuyn ng dy.
1-9.3.2. p lc gi tc ng vo ct :
- p lc gi tc ng vo ct c xc nh theo cng thc:
Pc = q.K.F.Cx
Trong :
q : p lc gi tnh ton ln nht
K : ly nh khi tnh p lc gi tc dng vo dy dn.
F : din tch n gi vo mt ct:
Cx : h s kh ng hc, ph thuc vo loi ct s dng nh b tng
vung, b tng li tm, b tng ct thp v c ly theo bng 6
trong TCVN2737 - 1995.
- Vic tnh ton kim tra kt cu ct phi c thc hin i vi cc trng
hp hng gi hp vi tuyn ng dy gc 90oC v 45oC.
1-10. Khong cch an ton
v hnh lang bo v
1-10.1. Khong cch an ton
1) Khi cc ng dy i song song v gn nhau, khong cch nm ngang
gia cc dy dn gn nht trng thi tnh khng nh hn khong cch
quy nh di y:
in p (kV)
Khong cch (m)

n 22

35

66-110

220

500

4,0

4,0

6,0

6,0

8,0

i vi cc ng dy c in p khc nhau th khong cch ly theo


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in p cao hn.
2) Dy dn ngoi cng ca ng dy i song song vi ng t, cch l
ng gn nht lc dy trng thi tnh nn 2 m i vi ng dy
22kV v 3m i vi ng dy 35kV.
3) Khong cch ngang gn nht t mp ngoi cng ca mng ct n mp
ng t (c tnh n quy hoch m rng) khng c nh hn 0,5m.
4) ng dy trn khng in p trn 1kV n 35kV c th i chung ct vi
ng dy 110kV-220kV vi iu kin khong cch ti ct gia cc dy
dn gn nht ca 2 mch khng c nh hn 4m khi i chung ng dy
110kV v 6m khi i chung ng dy 220kV.
5) ng dy trn khng in p n 1kV cho php i chung ct vi ng
dy cao p n 35kV vi cc iu kin c quy nh c th sau:
1. c s ng ca n v qun l ng dy cao p.
2. Dy cao p phi i pha trn, c tit din ti thiu 35 mm2.
3. Khong cch theo phng thng ng t dy cao p n dy h p khng
c nh hn 2,5 m nu dy c b tr theo phng nm ngang; khng
nh hn 1,5 m nu dy h p c b tr theo phng thng dng.
6) Khi cc ng dy i chung ct phi thc hin cc iu kin sau:
+ ng dy c in p thp hn phi m bo cc iu kin tnh ton
v c l nh i vi DK c in p cao hn.
+ Cc dy dn ca ng dy c in p thp hn phi b tr pha di cc
dy dn ca ng dy c in p cao hn.
+ Cc dy dn ca ng dy c in p cao hn nu mc vo cch in
ng th phi mc kp (2 cch in ti mi v tr).
1-10.2. Khong cch (D) gia cc dy dn (khong cch pha-pha) ti ct
Dy dn c th b tr trn ct theo dng nm ngang, thng ng hoc tam
gic, trn cch in ng hoc treo v c xc nh nh sau :
+ Khi dy dn b tr nm ngang: Dngang = U/110 + 0,65 f +
+ Khi dy dn b tr thng ng : Dng = U/110 + 0,42 f
+ Khi dy dn b tr tam gic:

Khong cch cc pha c chnh cao im treo dy nh

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(h U/100) th tnh theo Dngang.


Khong cch cc pha c chnh cao im treo dy ln
(h > U/100) th tnh theo Dng.
Trong
D : khong cch gia cc dy dn trn x ( m )
U : in p danh nh ( kV )
h : chnh cao im treo dy gia cc pha ( m ).
f : vng ln nht ca dy dn ( m ).
: chiu di chui cch in treo (khi s dng cch in ng
dy dn ly = 0).
1-10.3. Khong cch nh nht ti ct gia dy dn gn nht ca 2 mch in c
cng in p c qui nh nh sau:
- 2m i vi ng dy 22kV dy trn v 1m i vi dy bc.
- 2,5m i vi ng dy 35 kV cch in ng v 3m i vi cch in
treo.
1-10.4. Khong cch cch in nh nht ti ct gia phn mang in v phn
c ni t ca ng dy:
iu kin tnh ton khi la
chn khong cch cch in

- Theo qu in p kh quyn:
+ Cch in ng
+ Cch in treo
- Theo qu in p ni b
- Theo in p lm vic ln nht

Khong cch cch in nh nht (mm)


ti ct ca ng dy theo in p (kV)
n 10
22
35
150
200
100
70

250
350
150
70

350
400
300
100

1-10.5. Khong cch cch in nh nht ti ct gia cc pha ca ng dy:

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iu kin tnh ton

Khong cch cch in nh nht (mm)


gia cc pha ca D theo in p (kV)
n 10
22
35

- Theo qu in p kh quyn
- Theo qu in p ni b
- Theo in p lm vic ln nht

200
220
150

450
330
150

500
440
200

1-10.6. Khong trng nh nht cho trm bin p:


in p danh nh ca h thng
(kV)
6
10
15
22
35 (in p lm vic ti a 38,5kV)
35 (in p lm vic ti a 40,5kV)

Khong trng nh nht pha-pha


v pha-t (mm)
Trong nh
Ngoi tri
130
200
130
220
160
220
220
330
320
400
350
440

1-10.7. Cc khong cch thng ng nh nht t dy dn n mt t t nhin v


cng trnh trong cc ch lm vic bnh thng ca ng dy:
Khong cch (m)
- Dy dn n mt t t nhin khu
vc ng dn c
- Dy dn n mt t t nhin khu
vc t dn c
- Dy dn n mt t t nhin khu
vc kh n
- Dy dn n mt ng t
- Dy dn n mt ray ng st
- Dy dn n mc nc cao nht
sng, h, knh c tu thuyn
qua li
- Dy dn n bi sng v ni ngp

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

Cp in p li in (kV)
n 0,4
22
35
5,5
7,0
7,0
5,0

5,5

5,5

4,0

4,5

4,5

6,0

7,0

7,0

6,5
tnh
khng
+1,5
5,0

7,5
tnh
khng
+1,5
5,5

7,5
tnh
khng
+1,5
5,5
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nc khng c thuyn b qua li


- Dy dn n mc nc cao nht
trn sng, h, knh m thuyn b
v ngi khng th qua li c
- n ng dy c in p thp
hn khi giao cho
- n ng dy thng tin
- n mt , p

2,0

2,5

2,5

2,0

3,0

1,25
6,0

3,0
6,0

3,0
6,0

1-10.8. - Trng hp buc phi xy dng ng dy in trn khng qua cc


cng trnh c tm quan trng v chnh tr, kinh t, vn ho, an ninh, quc
phng, thng tin lin lc, nhng ni thng xuyn tp trung ng ngi
trong khu ng dn c, cc khu di tch lch s - vn ho, danh lam thng
cnh c Nh nc xp hng th phi m bo cc iu kin sau:
+ on dy dn in vt qua cc cng trnh hoc a im trn phi
c tng cng cc bin php an ton v in v c v khng c php
ni dy dn ti cc v tr ny.
+ Khong cch t im thp nht ca dy dn in in p trn 1kV
n 35kV trng thi vng cc i n mt t t nhin khng c nh
hn 11m.
- i vi cc DK giao cho hoc i gn cc ng dy thng tin, tn
hiu; ct ngten ca trm thu pht tn hiu v tuyn in; ng tu in,
t in; ng ng dn l thin hoc t ngm; ng cp treo; kho tng
cha cc cht chy n; sn bay, qua cu...p dng cc quy nh v khong
cch theo Quy phm trang b in 11TCN-19-2006 ca B Cng nghip.
1-10.9. Hnh lang bo v an ton ca ng dy dn in trn khng (DK):
Hnh lang bo v an ton ca DK l khong khng gian dc theo ng
dy v c gii hn nh sau:
1) Chiu di hnh lang c tnh t v tr ng dy ra khi ranh gii
bo v ca TBA ny n v tr ng dy i vo ranh gii bo v ca TBA
k tip.

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2) Chiu rng hnh lang c gii hn bi hai mt thng ng v hai pha


ca ng dy, song song vi ng dy, c khong cch t dy ngoi
cng v mi pha khi dy trng thi tnh c qui nh bng:
+ 2m i vi dy trn v 1m i vi dy bc ca ng dy 22kV
+ 3m i vi dy trn v 1,5m i vi dy bc ca ng dy 35kV
3) Chiu cao hnh lang c tnh t y mng ct n im cao nht ca
cng trnh cng thm khong cch an ton theo chiu thng ng bng 2m
i vi ng dy in p n 35kV.
4) Trng hp cy trong hnh lang bo v an ton ca DK in p n
35kV trng thi tnh th khong cch t im bt k ca cy n dy dn
in khng nh hn:
+ 1,5m i vi dy trn v 0,7m i vi dy bc ca ng dy trong
thnh ph, th x, th trn.
+ 2,0m i vi dy trn v 0,7m i vi dy bc ca ng dy ngoi
thnh ph, th x, th trn.
5) Trng hp cy ngoi hnh lang bo v an ton ca DK v ngoi thnh
ph, th x, th trn th khong cch t b phn bt k ca cy khi cy b
n b phn bt k ca DK in p n 35kV khng nh hn 0,7m.
1-10.10. Hnh lang bo v ng cp ngm
Hnh lang bo v an ton ng cp in ngm c gii hn nh sau:
1) Chiu di hnh lang c tnh t v tr cp ra khi ranh gii phm vi bo v
ca trm ny n v tr vo ranh gii phm vi bo v ca trm k tip.
2) Chiu rng hnh lang c gii hn bi :
a) Mt ngoi ca mng cp i vi cp t trong mng;
b) Hai mt thng ng cch mt ngoi ca v cp hoc si cp ngoi cng
v hai pha ca ng cp in ngm i vi cp t trc tip trong t
hoc trong nc c quy nh nh sau:

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Loi cp in

t trc tip trong t


t
trong
mng
cp

Khong cch
(m)

0,5

t n
nh

t
khng n
nh

1,0

1,5

t trong nc
Ni khng
c tu
thuyn qua
li
20,0

Ni c tu
thuyn
qua li
100,0

3) Chiu cao c tnh t mt t, mt nc n mt ngoi ca y mng


mng cp i vi cp t trong mng, hoc bng su thp hn im
thp nht ca v cp l 1,5m i vi cp t trc tip trong t, trong nc.
1-10.11. Hnh lang bo v trm bin p:
1) i vi cc trm bin p treo trn ct, khng c tng ro bao quanh,
hnh lang bo v trm in c gii hn bi khng gian bao quanh trm
in c khong cch n cc b phn mang in gn nht ca trm in
theo quy nh sau:
+ 2m

i vi in p n 22kV

+ 3m

i vi in p 35kV

2) i vi trm bin p c tng ro hoc hng ro c nh bao quanh,


chiu rng hnh lang bo v c gii hn n mt ngoi ca tng
hoc hng ro.
3) Chiu cao hnh lang c tnh t y mng su nht ca cng trnh trm
in n n im cao nht ca trm in cng thm khong cch an ton
theo chiu thng ng bng 2m i vi in p n 35kV.
1-11. yu cu Kho st khi xy dng
cc cng trnh in
a. Kho st ng dy
1-11.1. Kho st s b
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1-11.1.1. Kho st a hnh


- Phng tuyn s b:
+ Nghin cu vch tuyn trn bn t l 1:25.000 hoc ln hn.
+ Xc nh im u, im cui v chiu di tuyn vi chnh
xc 1/300.
+ o gc li vi chnh xc 30.
- Kho st tng qut tuyn:
+ Kho st tng qut t im u n im cui tuyn dy iu
chnh cho ph hp vi thc t.
+ Hiu chnh hnh lang tuyn, o c li chiu di tuyn hiu
chnh.
- o mt ct dc on tuyn vt sng ln (nu c) vi t l ngang 1:1.000,
ng 1:200.
- o v a hnh ti khong vt sng ln (nu c) trn din tch 50mx50m,
t l 1:1.000, ng ng mc 0,5 m.
- iu tra, lp bng thng k cc cng trnh trong hnh lang tuyn, cy
ci, hoa mu, rng , cc ng dy giao cho v i gn.
1-11.1.2. Kho st a cht
- Thu thp ti liu c s phn loi iu kin a cht dc tuyn.
- Khoan thm d trung bnh 4 km 1 h khoan su 4- 6 m.
- Ti mi v tr ct vt sng ln (nu c) khoan 1 h su 6-10 m.
- Ly mu nc trong cc h khoan vi s lng 2 mu i vi ng dy
di di 10 km, 3-5 mu i vi ng dy di trn 10 km phn tch
thnh phn ho hc, nh gi tnh cht n mn b tng
- Xc nh phn vng in tr sut ca t trn tuyn ng dy.
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- Xc nh cp phng ng t khu vc thuc tuyn ng dy.


1-11.1.3. Kho st kh tng thu vn
- iu tra mc nc ngp lt (mc nc cao nht, trung bnh), thi gian ngp
lt hng nm vng dc tuyn
- iu tra mc nc sng cao nht, trung bnh ti on tuyn vt sng,
ghi r thi gian o c.
- iu tra c im kh tng nh ma bo, sm, st, nhit
1-11.2. Kho st k thut
1-11.2.1. Kho st a hnh
- o v mt ct dc tuyn ng dy vi t l ngang 1:5000, ng 1:500.
- o chiu di tuyn vi chnh xc 1/300.
- o cao theo tng khong no bng phng php lng gic vi
chnh xc 30,4D/n .
- Chn mc ti im u, im cui, im gc, v tr ct vt sng bng cc
b tng 5cmx5cmx50cm, tm c li thp ng knh 6-8 mm. Trc, sau
khong 10m ng cc bo v bng g 4x4x30cm. V s ho v tr cc.
- iu tra, o c lp bng thng k cc cng trnh nh ca, ng x, cy
ci, hoa mu, rng, ng dy nm trong phm vi 20m cch tim tuyn
ng dy. Ti nhng khong vt sng, cn iu tra chiu cao tnh khng
ln nht ca cc phng tin i li trn sng.
- o v mt ct ngang t l 1:500 vi chiu rng 10 -15m v mi bn tim
tuyn ti nhng on tuyn ct vung gc hoc ct cho hng dc ca
sn i, ni c dc > 100 .
- o v a hnh t l 1:500 vi ng ng mc 0,5 m ti cc khong vt
sng, on trc trm, on u ni vi chiu rng 20 m v mi bn tim

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tuyn, chiu di 150 m tnh t mp nc sng ln b, 200 m tnh t trm


bin p.
1-11.2.2. Kho st a cht
- Khoan thm d trung bnh 3 km i vi vng ng bng, 2 km i vi
vng ni, trung du 1 h khoan su 4 - 6m (k c cc h khoan trong t
trc).
- Ti khong vt sng ln (nu c), mi v tr ct vt, no hm, khoan
1 h su 6 - 10m.
- Ly mu v th nghim: Mu t ly trong h khoan theo tng lp t,
trung bnh 1 loi t ly 2 mu t nguyn dng i vi t dnh v 1 mu
cu trc ph hu i vi t ri.
- Ly mu nc trong h khoan gp nc ngm, trung bnh 5km ly 1 mu.
- Xc nh phn vng in tr sut t ca tuyn ng dy.
- Xc nh cp phng ng t khu vc thuc tuyn ng dy.
1-11.2.3. Kho st kh tng thu vn:
Ni dung nh mc 1-11.1.3.

b. Kho st trm bin p


1-11.3. Kho st s b
1-11.3.1. Kho st a hnh
o v bn a hnh t l 1:2000 vi ng ng mc 1,0 m trn din
tch 100mx100m. i vi trm bin p kiu treo trn ct phm vi o c l
50mx50 m.
1-11.3.2. Kho st a cht
- Khoan thm d mi v tr trm bin p 1 h khoan su 5 7 m.
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- Ly mu t trong h khoan theo lp t khc nhau.


- Ly mu nc trong h khoan, nu h khoan gp nc ngm th trung bnh
3 h khoan ly 1 mu nc phn tch thnh phn ho hc, nh gi tnh
cht n mn b tng.
- Xc nh phn vng in tr sut t ca v tr xy dng trm bin p.
- Xc nh cp phng ng t khu vc xy dng trm bin p.
1-11.3.3. Kho st kh tng thu vn
- iu tra mc nc ngp lt hng nm ti v tr xy dng trm bin p: mc
nc cao nht, trung bnh, thi gian ngp lt.
- iu tra c im kh tng vng xy dng trm bin p: ma bo,
sm, st, nhit
1-11.4. Kho st k thut
1-11.4.1. Kho st a hnh
o v bn a hnh t l 1:200 vi ng ng mc 0,5m trn din tch
50mx50m.
1-11.4.2. Kho st a cht
- Khoan thm d mi v tr trm bin p 1 h khoan su 3 - 6m.
- Ly mu t trong h khoan theo lp t khc nhau, trung bnh 1 loi
t ly 1 mu t nguyn dng i vi t dnh v 1 mu cu trc ph hu
i vi t ri.
- iu tra ngun nc cung cp cho xy dng v vn hnh trm.
- Ly mu nc trong h khoan, nu h khoan gp nc ngm th ly 1 mu
nc phn tch thnh phn ho hc, nh gi tnh cht n mn b tng.
- Xc nh phn vng in tr sut t ca v tr xy dng trm bin p.
- Xc nh cp phng ng t khu vc xy dng trm bin p.

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1-11.4.3. Kho st kh tng thu vn


Ni dung nh mc 1-11.3.3.

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Chng II
trm bin p phn phi

2-1. Phm vi cp in, la chn cng sut v a im


- Cng sut my bin p cn c tnh ton la chn sao cho c th p ng
yu cu cung cp in y vi cht lng m bo i vi nhu cu
pht trin ca ph ti khu vc trong thi hn 5 nm, c tnh n quy hoch
di hn ti 10 nm, ng thi c th m bo cng sut s dng khng
di 30% vo nm th nht v khng di 60% vo nm th ba trnh
non ti lu di cho my bin p.
- a im t trm bin p tt nht l trung tm ph ti, ti v tr kh
ro, an ton. Ngoi ra, cng nn xem xt thm cc yu t v m quan,
giao thng...
2-2. Kt cu trm bin p
2-2.1. i vi cc khu vc trung tm ph ti c nhu cu s dng in 3 pha, bn
knh cp in ln v cng sut ph ti t 100kVA tr ln nn xy dng
trm treo vi 1 my bin p 3 pha hoc 3 my bin p 1 pha t trn ct
in b tng ly tm (1 hoc 2 ct tu thuc vo quy m cng sut my bin
p thi im cui ca giai on quy hoch, sao cho vic thay my bin
p ban u bng my c cng sut ln hn n 2 ln cng khng lm nh
hng n kt cu trm) .
2-2.2. i vi cc khu vc c nhu cu s dng in ch yu l sinh hot gia
dng, bn knh cp in ngn, ph ti cng sut nh n 30kVA ti min
ni v n 50kVA ti ng bng, trung du c th s dng my bin p 2
pha (in p s cp l in p dy) i vi li in c trung tnh cch ly

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hoc my bin p 1 pha, i vi li in c trung tnh ni t trc tip t


trn 1 ct in b tng ly tm.
2-2.3.Trong trng hp cn thit, cho php lp t trm bin p 2 pha, nhng
phi c xem xt, tnh ton kim tra v khng i xng, dng in
chm t hoc ngn mch 1 pha trong li in v so snh kinh t (vn du
t vo li trung, h p v trm bin p) vi phng n lp t trm bin p
3 pha.
2-2.4. Trong trng hp c yu cu c bit c th xy dng trm bin p trt
vi MBA t trn b cao cch mt t t 0,5m tr ln, khu vc cao ro v
phi tho mn cc yu cu v k thut v an ton theo Quy phm hin
hnh.
2-3. La chn my bin p
2-3.1. in p v t u dy ca my bin p
1) in p s cp ca my bin p phi c la chn theo nguyn tc sau:
- Ti cc khu vc hin ang tn ti v trong tng lai s pht trin
li in 35kV hoc 22kV in p pha s cp my bin p c chn vi
mt cp tng ng l 35kV hoc 22kV.
- Ti cc khu vc c qui hoch li in 22kV, nhng hin ang
tn ti cc cp in p 35kV hoc 15kV hoc 6-10kV, th pha s cp ca
my bin p phi c 2 cp in p l 22kV v cp in p ang tn ti vi
b phn chuyn i in p s cp c th thao tc t bn ngoi my bin
p.
2) T u dy ca cc my bin p nn c la chn nh sau:

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Loi my bin p
+ My bin p 3 pha
trn li 35kV
+ My bin p 2 pha
trn li 35kV
+ My bin p 1 pha
trn li 35kV
+ My bin p 3 pha
trn li 22kV
+ My bin p 2 pha
trn li 22kV
+ My bin p 1 pha
trn li 22kV
+ My bin p 3 pha
trn li 15kV
sau chuyn v 22kV
+ My bin p 3 pha
trn li 10kV sau chuyn v 22kV
+ My bin p 3 pha
trn li 6kV sau chuyn v 22kV

in p(*)
35 2 x 2,5%/
0,4kV
35 2 x2,5%/
2 x 0,23kV
20,20 2 x 2,5%/
2x0,23kV
22 2x2,5%/
0,4kV
22 2x2,5%/
2 x 0,23kV
12,7 2 x 2,5%/
2x0,23kV
15(22)2x2,5%/
0,4kV

T u dy
/Yo - 11 hoc Y
/Yo - 12
I/2Io

10(22)2x2,5%/
0,4kV
6(22) 2x2,5%/
0,4kV
35(22)2x2,5%/
0,4kV
8,67(12,7)
2x2,5%/
2x 0,23kV
15(22) 2 x
2,5%/ 2x0,23kV

()/Yo - 11(11)

+ My bin p 3 pha
trn li 35kV sau chuyn 22kV

+ My bin p 1 pha in p pha


trn li 15kV sau chuyn v 22kV
+ My bin p 2 pha in p dy
trn li 15kV sau chuyn v 22kV

Io/2Io
/Yo - 11 hoc
Y/Yo - 12
I/2Io
Io/2Io
()/Yo - 11(11)
hoc
Y(Y)/Yo - 12(12)

hoc Y(Y)/Yo 12(12)

()/Yo-11(11)

hoc Y(Y)/Yo 12(12)

Y()/Yo-12(11)
hoc Y(Y)/Yo 12(12)

Io(Io)/2Io

I(I)/2Io

Ghi ch: (*) in p s cp ca my bin p s c chn c th cho


tng trm theo in p nh mc ca li in khu vc
ni vi trm bin p .
2-3.2. Nc phn p v chuyn i in p :
-

Cc my bin p u phi c 5 nc phn p l 5%; 2,5%; 0%; -2,5%


v -5% (2x2,5%).

B phn chuyn in p s cp ca my bin p phi c t thao


tc t bn ngoi my bin p.

2-3.3. Cng sut my bin p thng dng i vi nng thn


Li in nng thn s dng ch yu loi my bin p (bao gm 1 pha, 2
pha v 3 pha) cng sut 50kVA, mt s c cng sut 100 hoc 250kVA.

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QKT.NT -2006

Ring my bin p 1pha, c th s dng loi cng sut n 15kVA. Gam


cng sut i vi cc loi my bin p quy nh nh sau:
- My bin p 3 pha :
30 - 50 - 75 - 100 - 160 - 200 - 250 - 400 kVA
- My bin p 2 pha s dng in p dy pha s cp:
15 - 25 - 37,5 - 50 kVA.
- My bin p 1 pha s dng in p pha pha s cp :
15 - 25 - 37,5 - 50 - 75 kVA.
2-4.

Gii php chng st, ni t trm bin p

2-4.1. Thit b chng st


1) Khng lp t bo v chng st nh trc tip ti cc trm bin p.
2) Chui cch in ti ct cng ca trm bin p in p 35kV ni vi DK
c dy chng st nhng khng ko vo trm phi tng thm 1 bt so vi
yu cu i vi ng dy.
3) Bo v qu in p kh quyn lan truyn t ng dy vo trm bng
chng st van.
4) Chng st van c lp t ti cc trm bin p n 35kV vi quy m cng
sut bt k.
5) Chng st van c lp t ti cc v tr sau y:
+ Ngay ti u ra ca cun s cp my bin p in p n 35kV
hoc cch u ra khng qu 5m theo chiu di dy dn.
+ Ngay ti im u ni gia ng dy trn khng v cp ngm.
6) Khi chn chng st van cho trm bin p cn lu n kt cu v in p
ca li in hin ti kt hp vi quy hoch sau ny c c cc gii
php ph hp v kinh t.
7) Chng st van lp t ti trm bin p phi c la chn theo cc
thng s k thut ph hp vi Tiu chun TCVN 5717 v IEC-99.4 nu
trong ph lc.
2-4.2. Ni t trm bin p:
1) Trung tnh my bin p, chng st, cc cu kin st thp v v thit b
trong trm u c ni vo h thng ni t ca trm.

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2) Ni t an ton, ni t lm vic v ni t chng st phi c u


ni vo li ni t bng dy nhnh ring.
3) Li ni t ca trm bao gm dy ni v b tip t, trong :
- Dy ni vo b tip t ca trm l dy thp trn, thp dt c m
km nhng nng vi chiu dy lp m khng nh hn 80m hoc m
ng, hoc dy ng mm hoc dy nhm.
- B tip t ca trm c kt cu dng cc bng thp, chiu di mi cc
khng nh hn 2,4m c m km nhng nng hoc cc tia hn hp
(tia bng thp nh dy ni t).
- Tit din ti thiu ca cc v dy tip t c quy nh nh sau:
Loi vt liu
Thp trn cho dy ni (mm)
Thp trn cho cc (mm)
Thp dt: - Tit din (mm2)
- dy ti thiu (mm)
Thp gc c dy ti thiu (mm)
Dy ng, ng knh (mm)
Dy nhm, ng knh (mm)

Trong nh
6
16
24
3
3
4
10

Ngoi tri Trong t


6
8
16
16
48
48
4
4
4
4
4
6
10
cm

4) Ch ni dy tip t vi cc tip t phi c hn chc chn. Dy tip


t bt vo v thit b, vo kt cu cng trnh hoc ni gia cc dy tip
t vi nhau c th bt bng bu lng hoc hn. Cm ni bng cch vn
xon.
5) Tr s tng in tr ni t trong phm vi trm bin p in p s cp n
35kV khng c ln hn 10.
2-5.

Thit b ng ct v bo v trm bin p

2-5.1. Pha s cp:


Pha s cp (trung p) s dng cu chy t ri (FCO) hoc cu chy ph
ti (LBFCO) bo v ngn mch trm bin p c in p pha s cp n
35kV. Cc trm bin p c kt hp chc nng phn on trn ng dy

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b tr thm dao cch ly phn on. in p danh nh ca cu chy v dao


cch ly chn theo in p ca li in n nh lu di.
2-5.2. Pha th cp:
1) i vi trm bin p cn c cng t qun l in nng th lp 1 p-tmt tng. Cc l nhnh lp cu chy.
2) i vi trm khng cn lp cng t th ch lp cu chy (loi cu chy h
p t ri ngoi tri) cho cc l.
3) V s lng cc l nhnh xut pht t mt trm bin p nn c xem xt
trong tng trng hp c th, tu thuc vo quy m cng sut v phm vi
cung cp in ca trm. Tuy nhin, cng c th tham kho mt s nh
hng di y:
- Trm c cng sut trn 100kVA lp t 3- 4 l nhnh
- Trm c cng sut n 100kVA lp t 2-3 l nhnh.
- Trm c cng sut n 50kVA lp t 1 l nhnh.
4) Cng t, cu chy hoc p-t-mt c t trong t phn phi h p treo
trn ct trm.
2-6.

dng c o lng in

2-6.1. Ch lp t cng t in ti cc trm bin p c nhu cu kim tra tn tht


in nng v ti cc l, m c giao dch mua bn in trc tip.
2-6.2. Vic o m in nng bng cng t in c thc hin gin tip
qua my bin dng in (TI) i vi cc l c dng in trn 75A v trc
tip (khng qua bin dng) i vi cc l cn li.
2-6.3. Trong trng hp cn kim tra in p v dng in, s dng ng h
Vn (V) v Ampe (A) xch tay.
2-6.4. My bin dng in, cng t in c t trong t phn phi h p cng
vi cu chy hoc p-t-mt.

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

33

QKT.NT -2006

2-7. Gii php xy dng trm bin p


2-7.1. Trm bin p ph ti in nng thn c th c xy dng theo cc kiu
di y:
+ Trm treo trn 1 ct hoc t trn gin 2 ct hnh ch H (gi
chung l trm treo) vi 1 my bin p 3 pha, 2 pha, 1 pha hoc 3
my bin p 1 pha.
+ Trm trt ch nn xy dng ti cc khu vc c din tch t v
ni cao ro, khi c yu cu.
2-7.2. Kt cu ct, mng, x gi ca cc loi trm c quy nh nh sau:
1) i vi trm treo:
Ct c s dng xy lp trm treo l loi ct in b tng
ly tm hoc ct b tng ly tm ng lc trc.
X, gi c ch to bng thp hnh m km nhng nng vi
chiu dy lp m ti thiu bng 80m.
Mng ct l loi mng khi bng b tng c ti ch, hoc
mng 2 cn cho khu vc t tt, n nh.
C th xem xt b tr sn thao tc ti nhng vng trng,
thng xuyn ng ngp.
2) i vi trm trt:
Mng my bin p c th c ti ch bng b tng hoc xy
bng gch vi va xi mng-ct mc 75 v cao hn mt t t
nht l 0,5m.
T h p 380/220V t ngoi tri ging nh trm treo. Khi c
yu cu t t trong nh th nh c xy bng gch vi va
xi mng-ct, mi bng b tng ct thp hoc lp tn, ca
bng thp.
Tr cng, tng hng ro xy bng gch hoc b tng, cnh
cng bng thp c qut sn chng g.

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

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QKT.NT -2006

Chng III

ng dy trung p
a. ng dy trn khng
3-1. Dy dn in
3-1.1. Loi dy dn in
1) Loi dy dn in c chn theo iu kin mi trng lm vic, yu
cu v bn c hc v an ton trong cc trng hp giao cho.
2) Loi dy dn s dng cho ng dy trung p ch yu l dy nhm li
thp. Vi dy dn c tit din t 120mm2 tr ln c th dng dy nhm
khng c li thp tu theo yu cu bn c hc ca tng ng dy.
Khi la chn loi dy dn cn c tnh ton so snh kinh t-k thut.
3) Khng s dng loi dy nhm khng c li thp vi tit din t 95mm2
tr xung trn cc ng dy trung p v vi tit din bt k lm dy
trung tnh v trong cc khong vt sng, vt ng st.
4) Khi ng dy i qua khu vc b nhim mn (cch b bin n 5km),
nhim bi bn cng nghip ( cch nh my n 1,5km ) c hot cht n
mn kim loi, cn s dng loi dy dn chng n mn.
3-1.2. Tit din dy dn
3-1.2.1. C s la chn tit din dy dn
1) Tit din dy dn c chn sao cho c th p ng yu cu cung cp in
y vi cht lng m bo i vi nhu cu pht trin ca ph ti khu
vc theo quy hoch di hn ti 10 nm.
2) Tit din dy dn c la chn theo cc iu kin v: i) mt dng
in kinh t, ii) tn tht in p cho php, iii) pht nng cho php, iv)
bn c hc v v) mi trng lm vic theo cc quy nh trong Quy
phm Trang b in: 11TCN-18-2006.
Quy nh k thut in nng thn

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3) Khi la chn tit din dy dn cn lu ti cc yu cu v tiu chun


ha trong thit k, xy dng v qun l vn hnh sau ny.
3-1.2.2. Cc yu cu khc
1) ng dy trc chnh cung cp in cho cc ph ti ln nn kt cu dng
li kn, vn hnh h vi ng dy c tit din dy dn t 120mm2 tr
ln.
2) i vi cc ng trc cung cp in cho nhiu x vng ng bng vi
chiu di hn 20km hoc min ni vi chiu di hn 40km, nn chn
tit din dy dn t 95mm2 tr ln.
3) i vi li in c trung tnh trc tip ni t, tit din dy trung tnh
c chn thp hn mt cp so vi dy pha cho cc ng dy 3 pha 4
dy, v bng tit din dy pha cho cc ng dy 1 pha 2 dy v 1 pha 3
dy.
4) i vi nhng ng dy di, khi chn tit din dy dn cn tnh ton
kinh t k thut so snh vi vic lp t t b ti cui ng dy m
bo mc in p cho php (b k thut).

3-2. Cch in v ph kin ng dy

3-2.1. B tr cch in
1) dy dn ti cc v tr ct ng dy trung p c th dng cch
in ng hoc chui tu theo ng knh dy dn v yu cu chu
lc i vi cch in.
2) Khi dy dn bng cch in ng nn b tr nh sau :
+ Ti cc v tr thng dng 1 cch in ng 1 dy dn.
+ Ti cc v tr vt ng giao thng, vt cc ng dy
khc hoc vt qua nh , cng trnh c ngi thng xuyn sinh
hot phi dng 2 cch in ng t ngang tuyn.
+ Ti cc v tr gc nh, thng trn ng dy trung p c trung

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

36

QKT.NT -2006

tnh cch ly i chung vi ng dy h p dng 2 cch in ng


t dc tuyn.
+ Trn cc ng dy trung p c trung tnh trc tip ni t i chung
vi ng dy h p cho php dng 1 cch in ng 1 dy dn.
3) Khi s dng cch in chui cho ng dy th b tr mi dy dn 1
chui .
4) i vi cc ng dy c tit din dy dn t 240mm2 tr ln ni chung
hoc t 120mm2 tr ln ti khu vc chu nh hng trc tip ca gi bo
nn dng cch in chui dy dn.
5) Ti cc v tr no cui, no gc, no thng, vi dy dn c tit din t
70mm2 tr ln phi dng cch in chui no no dy dn.
6) Ti cc v tr ct vt, no vt c chiu cao trn 40m phi dng hai
chui hoc hai chui no hoc no dy dn v phi tng thm
mt bt cch in cho mi on 10m ct tng thm.
3-2.2. La chn loi cch in
1) Cch in ng c la chn theo cp in p ca li in: cch in
38,5kV cho cc ng dy 35kV v cch in 24kV cho cc ng dy
22kV.
2) Cch in ng c s dng l loi cch in gm hoc thu tinh
(loi Line Post, Pine Type hoc Pine Post) vi cc tiu chun k thut
c nu trong TCVN-4759-1993 v TCVN-5851-1994. Trng hp cng
trnh i qua khu vc nhim, s dng loi cch in chng sng mui .
3) i vi cc chui v chui no c th s dng loi cch in chui
bao gm cc bt gm hoc thu tinh hoc chui lin bng composit.
4) Khi s dng cch in chui gm cc bt gm hoc thu tinh th s
lng bt cch in c la chn ph thuc vo in p lm vic, mc
nhim mi trng v c tnh k thut ca cch in:
+ Vi cc bt cch in c chiu di ng r khng nh hn
250mm th s lng bt trong mt chui iu kin bnh

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

37

QKT.NT -2006

thng c chn nh sau :


3 bt i vi ng dy in p 35kV
2 bt i vi cc ng dy in p n 22kV
i vi cch in composit phi chn loi c chiu di
dng r khng nh hn 25mm/kV.
+ S lng bt cch in ca chui no c chn ln hn 1 bt
so vi chui .
+ i vi khu vc b nhim nng nh nhim mn (cch b
bin n 5km), nhim bi bn cng nghip (cch nh my n
1,5km) hoc c hot cht n mn kim loi, s lng bt cch
in c tng thm 1 bt cho chui v chui no.
+ i vi cc ng dy s dng cch in ng ( dy dn) v
cch in treo (chui no) vi cc bt cch in c chiu di
ng r ln hn 250mm khi la chn s bt cch in cho chui
no phi tnh ton phi hp mc cch in gia cch in
v cch in no.
+ Vic la chn loi cch in phi cn c vo cc iu kin c l,
mi trng lm vic v vn chuyn trong qu trnh thi cng, vn
hnh v sa cha ng dy sau ny.
i vi cc ng dy in p n 35kV, vic la chn s lng bt
trong mt chui cch in hoc chiu cao ca cch in ng khng ph
thuc vo cao so vi mc nc bin.
5) H s an ton c hc ca cch in (t s gia ti trng c hc ph hu
v ti trng tiu chun ln nht tc ng ln vt cch in) phi c
chn khng nh hn 2,5 i vi ng dy in p n 1kV v khng
nh hn 2,7 i vi ng dy in p trn 1kV nhit trung bnh
nm khng nh hn 50C v khng nh hn 1,8 trong ch s c ca
ng dy.
3-2.3. Ph kin ng dy

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

38

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1) Cc ph kin ng dy nh kho , kho no, chn cch in ng ...


u phi c m km nhng nng v ch to theo tiu chun Vit Nam.
H s an ton ca cc ph kin c chn khng nh hn 2,5 ch
bnh thng v khng nh hn 1,7 ch s c. H s an ton chn
cch in ng khng nh hn 2 ch bnh thng v khng nh
hn 1,3 ch s c.
2) Ni dy dn trn ng dy phi c thc hin bng ng ni. Trong 1
khong ct, mi dy ch c php ni ti mt v tr. Khng c php
ni dy cc v tr vt sng, vt quc l v giao cho.
3) Ni dy lo ti v tr ct no phi dng u ct bt bu lng.
4) bn c hc ti cc v tr kho no v mi ni phi m bo khng
c nh hn 90% lc ko t ca dy dn.

3-3. chng st v Ni t

3-3.1. Cc v tr phi c chng st v ni t


1) ng dy trn khng in p n 35kV khng phi bo v bng dy
chng st (tr cc on 35kV u ni vo trm bin p c cng sut t
1600kVA tr ln).
2) i vi ng dy trn khng in p n 35kV vn hnh theo ch
trung tnh cch ly, khng c bo v chm t ct nhanh, tt c cc v tr ct
u phi ni t.
3) i vi ng dy in p n 35kV vn hnh theo ch trung tnh trc
tip ni t hoc c bo v chm t ct nhanh, ch ni t ti cc ct
vt, ct r nhnh, ct c lp t thit b, ct trn cc on giao cho vi
ng giao thng, ng dy thng tin, cc ct i chung vi ng dy
h p.
4) i vi ng dy trn khng 35kV c bo v bng dy chng st on

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

39

QKT.NT -2006

u trm m vo ma st c th b ct in lu di mt pha nn t thm


chng st van ti ct u trm hoc ct u tin ca ng dy v pha c
th b ct in.
3-3.2. in tr ni t v loi ni t
1) Tr s in tr ni t ti cc v tr ct c lp t thit b nh MBA o
lng, dao cch ly, cu chy hoc thit b khc v cc v tr ct khng lp
thit b i qua cc khu vc ng dn c phi m bo khng ln hn tr s
nu trong bng di y:

in tr ni t ()

in tr sut ca t (,.m)

n 10

n 100
Trn 100 n 500

15

Trn 500 n 1000

20

Trn 1000 n 5000

30
6.10-3/m nhng khng qu 50

Trn 5000

2) Tr s in tr ni t ti cc v tr ct khng lp thit b i qua


cc khu vc t dn c c quy nh nh sau:
Khng qu 30 khi in tr sut ca t n 100.m .
Khng qu 0,3/m () khi in tr sut ca t ln hn
100.m nhng khng qu 50 .
3) i vi DK c dy chng st v ct c chiu cao trn 40m, in
tr ni t phi chn bng mt na tr s nu trong bng trn v
c o khi dy chng st c tho ra.
4) Ni t bng cc, tia hoc cc tia hn hp :
Cc b tip t loi cc, tia phi thc hin theo mc 2-4.2
Quy nh k thut in nng thn

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3-4. Thit b bo v v phn on ng dy

3-4.1. i vi li in 22kV
1) Ti thanh ci 22kV cc trm ngun phi lp t my ct cho tng xut
tuyn 22kV.
2) Trn cc ng dy trc chnh c chiu di trn 15km v ti u cc nhnh
r c ng in cc i t 100A tr ln (Imax 100A) phi b tr dao cch
ly ph ti (LBS) 24kV vi dng in nh mc 200A hoc 400A.
3) Trn cc ng dy c chiu di hn 15km vi dng in ph ti cc i
t 100A tr ln (Imax 100A) nn lp t my ct t ng ng lp li
(Recloser) ti v tr khng qu gn my ct u ngun ( cch xa khong
trn 5 Km) v sau cc ph ti quan trng.
4) Ti u cc nhnh r c chiu di di 1km khng cn lp thit b phn
on, nhng phi c lo d tho lp khi cn x l s c
5) Ti u cc nhnh r cp cho nhiu ph ti c chiu di di 1km vi dng
in ph ti cc i nh hn 50A cn lp t cu chy t ri (FCO). Ti
u cc nhnh r c chiu di trn 1km vi dng in ph ti cc i t
50A n di 100A th lp t cu chy t ri ph ti (LBFCO) hoc kt
hp FCO vi LBS c dng in nh mc 200A hoc 400A hoc vi DS
lin ng 3 pha
6) Trong trng hp s dng cc thit b nh my ct t ng ng lp li
(Recloser) c th lp t thm dao cch ly ng dy ti u thit b v
pha ngun n hoc v c hai pha nu li in c kt cu mch vng,
to khong h nhn thy khi ct mch.
7) i vi li in trung p vi cc cp in p hin ti l 15, 10 v 6kV
nhng s chuyn v 22kV, vic b tr thit b bo v c thc hin nh
sau:
+ i vi li in 15kV hin ti ang vn hnh theo ch trung
tnh ni t trc tip tng t nh li in 22kV sau ny nn cc

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

41

QKT.NT -2006

gii php bo v v phn on cng thc hin hon ton ging


nh i vi li in 22kV quy nh trong mc 3-4.1.
+ i vi li in 10, 6kV hin ti ang vn hnh theo ch
trung tnh cch ly, cc gii php bo v v phn on c quy
nh nh sau:
i vi cc ng dy c chiu di trong khong t 10 n
20km v ti u cc nhnh r c dng in cc i t
100A tr ln (Imax 100A) phi lp t dao cch ly ph ti
24kV vi dng in nh mc 200A hoc 400A.
Ti u cc nhnh r 3 pha c chiu di trn 1km, u ni
vo ng dy trc chnh phi lp t dao cch ly 3 pha
24kV, cn i vi cc nhnh r ngn th khng cn thit.
Khng cn lp t cu chy t ri ti u cc nhnh r khi
li in vn hnh cc cp in p 10, 6kV.
3-4.2. i vi li in 35kV
1) Ti thanh ci 35kV cc trm ngun phi c my ct 35kV cho tng xut
tuyn.
2) Trn cc ng dy trc chnh c chiu di trn 15km v ti u cc
nhnh r c dng in cc i t 100A tr ln (Imax 100A) phi lp t
dao cch ly ph ti vi dng in nh mc 200A hoc 400A thun li
cho vic phn lp v tm kim s c. Dao cch ly phn on nn t ti v
tr m c s thay i v mc quan trng ca ph ti, s lng cc
h ph ti v iu kin qun l vn hnh.
3) Trn cc ng dy di hn 15km vi dng in ph ti cc i t 100A
tr ln (Imax 100A) nn lp t my ct t ng ng lp li (Recloser)
35kV ti v tr khng qu gn my ct u ngun (cch xa khong trn
5km) v sau cc ph ti quan trng.
4) Ti u cc nhnh r 3 pha v 2 pha ngn hn 1km khng cn lp thit
b phn on, nhng phi c lo d tho lp khi cn x l s c.
Quy nh k thut in nng thn

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5) Ti u cc nhnh r 3 pha c chiu di trn 1km u ni vo ng


dy trc chnh phi lp t dao cch ly loi thng thng khi dng in
ph ti cc i n 30A, dao cch ly ph ti khi dng in ph ti cc
i ln hn 30A. Dao cch ly v dao cch ly ph ti c s dng l loi
3 pha 35kV vi dng in nh mc bng 200A, 300A hoc 400A.
6) i vi li in 35kV trung tnh cch ly khng s dng dao cch ly 1
pha v khng lp t cu chy t ri ti u cc nhnh r hn ch kh
nng sinh ra cng hng t.
7) i vi li 35kV c trung tnh trc tip ni t ti u cc nhnh r 1
pha; 3 pha c chiu di trn 1km u vo trc chnh phi lp t cu chy
t ri thng thng (FCO) khi dng in ph ti cc i n 30A, hoc
cu chy ph ti t ri (LBFCO) khi dng in ph ti cc i ln hn
30A phn lp s c ngn mch.
8) Ti on u hoc on cui ca ng dy 35kV u ni vo trm
110kV hoc trm 35kV c cng sut t 1600kVA tr ln phi lp t dy
chng st vi chiu di v gii php k thut ph hp cc qui nh ca
Tiu chun ngnh 11TCN - 19 - 2006.
3-5. Ct in
3-5.1. Ct in ca ng dy trung p
1) Ct in c s dng cho ng dy trung p ch yu l ct in b tng
li tm (BTLT) hoc ct b tng ly tm ng lc trc (LT-ULT) c chiu
cao tiu chun: 8,5-9-10-10,5-12-14-16-18 v 20m. Ti cc v tr c bit
kh khn, cc v tr vt, giao cho cn ct c chiu cao ln hn 20m v
cc v tr c yu cu chu lc ln, vt qu kh nng chu lc ca ct
BTLT th c php s dng ct thp.
- Chiu cao ct c la chn trn c s tnh ton kinh t v cc yu cu
k thut theo Quy phm.
- Ct b tng ly tm c ch to theo Tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 5847 -

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1994.
- Kch thc ct b tng ly tm v lc gii hn u ct yu cu c tham
kho trong ph lc km theo.
2) Ct thp c ch to t thp hnh, bo v chng g bng m km nhng
nng vi chiu dy lp m khng nh hn 80m v c ch to theo
cc tiu chun Vit Nam tng ng vi cc yu cu c th.
3) i vi ct BTLT, ti tt c cc v tr chn ct nn c p t cao
khong 0,3m.
3-5.2. S ct tng th
1) Cc ng dy trung p khi i qua khu vc ng dn c, khu vc c
qui hoch dn c nn c thit k d phng cho ng dy h p i
chung pha di.
2) Ti cc v tr ct thng, vt, gc nh s dng s ct n.
3) Ti cc v tr ct c bit nh no gc, no cui, no vt cc khong
rng trn 200m c yu cu chu lc ln hn gii hn chu ti trng thng
xuyn ca ct, cn s dng s ct ghp i, ct thp hoc ct cng (
hnh ). Khi tuyn dy i qua khu vc t dn c, t rng ri c th dng
s ct ct n kt hp cc b dy no v mng no, nhng khng c
t dy no ra st ng v khu vc c ngi v vt nui thng xuyn va
qut.
4) Ti cc v tr ct c yu cu chu lc ln nh no gc, no cui, no vt
cc khong vt trn 200m nn s dng s ct cng ( hnh )
5) Ti v tr no vt cc khong rng trn 400m, c kh nng tn dng
c cao a hnh nn s dng s ct ba ( hoc 4) thn , mi thn
ct no 1 dy dn.
6) Ti cc v tr vt sng rng, yu cu ct c chiu cao trn 20m th s
dng ct vt (theo s No---No) bng thp. S ct no
vt bng thp ch s dng trong trng hp c bit.
3-5.3. Khong ct ca cc ng dy trung p c tnh ton ph hp vi tng
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d n c th. Thng thng th khong ct ca ng dy 22kV c th ly


trong khong 100-150m; ca ng dy 35kV trong khong 150-200m.
3-5.4. Ti cc v tr t ct nhng ni d xi l (ven sng, ven i...), cn tnh
n kh nng l lt vi tn sut 2%
3-6. X v gi ng dy
3-6.1. Cu hnh x
Tu theo s chu lc c th m c th chn cc cu hnh x nh sau :
1) X bng (cch in c b tr ngang ) p dng cho cc v tr thng,
vt, no ct n khi cn tn dng chiu cao ct.
2) X tam gic (cch in c b tr tam gic) p dng cho cc v tr
thng, gc, vt, no ct n khi cn gim hnh lang, ni rng
khong cch pha ko di khong ct.
3) X lch (cch in c b tr ch yu v mt bn) p dng cho cc v
tr ct gn cc i tng (nh ca, cng trnh) i hi c khong cch
an ton n dy dn in m khng phi di ri.
4) X hnh p dng cho cc v tr no gc c yu cu chu lc ln, cn
ko rng khong cch pha.
5) X n pha p dng cho cc v tr ct vt s dng s ct n pha.
6) X r nhnh p dng cho cc v tr r ca ng dy.
3-6.2. Vt liu x gi:
- Tt c cc x gi ng dy trung p u c gia cng t thp hnh
c m km nhng nng vi chiu dy lp m ti thiu l 80m.
- Cc bu lng, ai c ph kin phi c m km nhng nng v c ch
to theo Tiu chun Vit Nam (TCVN).
3-7. Mng ct
3-7.1. Cc loi mng ct ca ng dy trung p

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3-7.1.1. Mng cc ( Kiu l mc )


- Mng cc c s dng ti khu vc c a cht nn khng cho php o
mi h mng thng ng, iu kin a hnh ti v tr t ct khng bng
phng, b mt chn ct d b thay i bi iu kin mi trng v khu
vc c iu kin a cht dc tuyn thay i nhiu .
- su chn ct nn ly bng 10 n 12% chiu cao ct.
- su chn mng bng su chn ct cng thm 0,3m
- B tng mng ct l loi b tng mc M200 c ti ch.
3-7.1.2. Mng hp
- Mng hp c s dng ti khu vc c a cht nn kh tt, cho php
o mi h mng thng ng, a hnh v tr t ct kh bng phng, b
mt chn ct t c kh nng thay i bi iu kin mi trng.
- su chn ct nn ly bng 10 n 14% chiu cao ct.
- su chn mng bng su chn ct cng thm 0,3m.
- B tng mng l loi b tng mc M150 c ti ch.
3-7.1.3. Mng ging
- Mng ging c s dng cho ng dy i qua cc di cn ct nn
mng c hin tng ct chy, thnh ph, th x vi cc v tr t ct qu
cht hp.
- su chn ct nn ly bng 14 n 16% chiu cao ct.
- su chn mng bng su chn ct cng thm 0,3m
- ng ging c c bng b tng mc M200 vi cc loi c ng
knh bng 600-700- 800-1000mm.
- B tng mng l loi b tng mc 150 c ti ch.
3-7.1.4. Mng cn ( thanh ngang )
- mng cn s dng ti khu vc c a hnh kh bng phng, b mt
chn ct t c kh nng thay i bi iu kin mi trng, khu vc i
hi m quan khng cao, hnh lang an ton khng b gii hn kht khe v

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khu vc m cng trnh khng chu nh hng trc tip ca gi bo, iu


kin a cht dc tuyn t thay i.
- su chn ct bng khong 16 n 18% chiu cao ct.
- cao t cn ( v tr bt bu lng ) thp hn mt t t nhin n nh
0,5m hoc cch y ct ti thiu 0,2m.
- C th s dng cc b tr cn sau :
+ Mt cn trn cho ct .
+ Hai cn trn t song song cho ct , ct no ti ni c nn
t yu v d ln.
+ Hai cn trn t vung gc cho ct no c dy no, ct trm
treo.
+ Mt cn trn, mt cn di cho v tr ct chu lc ln ti
ni a cht xu.
- Cc loi cn u c c sn bng b tng ct thp mc 200.
3-7.1.5. Mng t gia cng ( ct chn khng mng )
- Loi mng ct ny c s dng cho cc ct c yu cu chu lc
khng ln v cc nhnh r 1 pha ti cc khu vc khng chu nh hng
trc tip ca gi bo, a hnh n nh, b mt chn ct khng b thay
i bi iu kin mi trng, a cht rt tt v n nh vi nn t c
cng chu ti (RN) ln hn 2Kg/cm2, st () nh hn 0,7, gc ma st
() ln hn 15o v khng b ti b khi gp nc.
- su chn ct bng khong 18 n 20% chiu cao ct.
- Khi thi cng cc loi mng t gia cng phi m bo gi nguyn c
trng thi t nhin ca nn t khu vc xung quanh v t p li phi
c m nn theo ng qui nh.
3-7.1.6. Mng tr :
- Mng tr c s dng cho cc v tr ct vt bng thp ti cc khu vc
c a cht tt, n nh v t nn c cng chu nn t 1,0 daN/cm2
tr ln.
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- Cao mt trn ca mng tr (ti v tr t bu lng no) phi cao hn


mc nc cao nht l 0,5m. Trng hp mc nc ti v tr t mng qu
cao cn c bin php bo v chn ct thp bng mt lp b tng bao ph.
- Mng tr phi c c bng b tng mc M200 vi ct thp chu lc ( ct
thp C2 ) c cng tnh ton ti thiu t 2600daN/cm2 tr ln.
- Khi thit k mng tr bt buc phi kim tra v ln cui cng, ln
lch gia cc mng v cng ca mng.
3-7.1.7.Mng bn :
- Mng bn s dng cho cc v tr ct vt bng thp ti cc khu vc c
a cht km, t nn c cng chu nn nh hn 1,0daN/cm2.
- Khi thit k mng bn, vic chn cao mt trn, mc b tng ct thp,
gii php bo v chn ct thp v tnh ton kim tra ln, lch... p
dng tng t nh i vi mng tr.
3-7.2. X l nn mng v chn ct trong iu kin c bit:
1) Trng hp mng b tng thng xuyn nm di mc nc nhim
mn, nc ngm c hot cht n mn b tng, phi s dng loi b tng
chng thm, chng n mn mc t 200 tr ln.
2) Chn ct phi c chn cao hn mc nc tn sut 2% t nht l 0,30m.
Trng hp chn ct (ct BTLT hoc ct thp) khng th nng cao theo
quy nh trnh b ngp nc nhim mn, nc c hot cht n mn b
tng ct thp th xung quanh phn ngp nc phi c bc mt lp b
tng chng thm, chng n mn c mc t 200 tr ln vi chiu dy bo v
() t 20cm tr ln v cao trn mc nc cao nht l 0,3m.
3) Trng hp t nn c cng chu ti qu thp, ct v mng ln qu
gii hn cho php ( nn t bn, st bn...), tu theo phn tng a cht
ca khu vc v yu cu chu ti c th nghin cu cc gii php gia c
nn mng theo phng php cc c bng b tng ct thp, tre, trm,
hoc m ct phn ti...

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3-8. No ct
3-8.1. h tr chu lc cho ct v mng ti cc v tr ct no thng, no gc,
no cui... s dng cc b dy no v mng no.
3-8.2. S lng cc b dy no, mng no c chn ph thuc vo yu cu
chu lc v s b tr ct.
3-8.3. Cc b dy no c th bt trc tip vo x, vo ct qua bu lng mt hoc
c d, cng c th bt gin tip qua ct chuyn tip v dy chng khi b
tr dy no qua ng.
Dy no phi c ni vi trang b ni t, in tr ni t theo quy nh
ti iu 3-3.2 hoc phi c cch in bng vt cch in kiu no tnh
theo in p ca DK v lp cao cch mt t khng di 2,5m
3-8.4. Dy no c th s dng cc loi cp thp hoc dy thp trn trn m
km nhng nng vi chiu dy lp m ti thiu l 80m.
3-8.5. Chiu di dy no ph thuc vo chiu cao ct v s ct.
3-8.6. Ph kin dy no phi c m km nhng nng vi chiu dy lp m
ti thiu l 80m.
3-8.7. Mng no c chn su di t t nhin khong 1,5 n 2m v c
m cht khi lp t tr li. Dy no v mng no c lin kt qua cc
b tng hoc kp xit.
3-8.8. Mng no c c sn bng b tng ct thp mc 200.

b. ng cp in
3-9. chn tit din cp
3-9.1. Tit din (S) ca cp phi c la chn theo mt dng in kinh
t theo cng thc:

S = Imax/Jkt

Trong : - Imax l dng in tnh ton cc i ca ng cp trong


ch lm vic bnh thng.
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- Jkt l mt dng in kinh t c tham kho trong Ph


lc. Sau tit din tnh ton c quy v tit din chun gn nht.
3-9.2. Sau khi c la chn cp phi c tnh ton kim tra theo cc iu kin
tn tht in p v pht nng cho php.
3-9.3. Dng in lin tc cho php ca cp in p n 35kV c cch in cao
su, XLPE, v bc PVC c ly theo theo nhit pht nng cho php
ca rut cp l 500C. Trong trng hp nh ch to a ra cc thng s
cho php hoc nh mc c th th ly theo s liu ca nh ch to.
3-9.4. i vi cp t trong t dng in lin tc cho php c tnh vi trng
hp cp t trong ho su 0,7 - 1,0m, khi t c nhit l 150C v
nhit tr sut l 120 cm.0K/W.
Trong trng hp nhit tr sut ca t khc 120 cm.0K/W th dng in
cho php ca cp c hiu chnh theo cc h s ph thuc vo m ca
t theo bng di y:

c im ca t
Ct c m trn 9%, t
st pha ct, m trn 1%
t v ct c m 7-9%,
t st pha ct m 1214%
Ct c m trn 4% v
nh hn 7%, t st pha ct
c m 8-12%
Ct c m ti 4%, t

Nhit tr sut cm.0K/W

H s hiu chnh

80

1,05

120

1,00

200

0,87

300

0,75

3-9.5. i vi cp t trong nc, dng in lin tc cho php (xem Ph lc)


c tnh vi nhit ca nc l 150C. i vi cp t trong khng kh,
dng in lin tc cho php c tnh vi khong cch

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gia cc cp khi t trong nh, ngoi tri v trong hm khng nh hn


35mm, cn khi t trong mng th khong cch khng nh hn
50mm, vi s lng cp bt k v nhit khng kh l 250C. i vi cp
n t trong ng chn di t khng c thng gi nhn to th dng
in lin tc cho php cng ly nh khi t cp trong khng kh.
3-9.6. Khi tuyn cp i qua cc vng t c iu kin mi trng khc nhau,
phi la chn tit din v kt cu theo on tuyn c iu kin mi trng
khc nghit nht (k c trong trng hp on tuyn cn li i qua khu
vc c iu kin mi trng tt hn v chiu di khng vt qu chiu di
ch to ca cp).
3-10. chn phng thc t cp, loi cp
3-10.1. i vi li in nng thn, phng thc i cp thng thng l t
chm trong t, i men theo ng, hoc i bn cnh cc gii t
trng, hn ch ct cc tuyn ng cho xe c gii. Dc theo ng cp
in ngm phi t ct mc hoc du hiu bo cp ngm. Khong cch
gia cc ct mc quy nh bng 10m
3-10.2.Cp t trc tip trong t hoc trong nc phi l cp bc thp c ph
lp chng tc dng ho hc. Cc loi cp c v bc khng phi bng thp
phi chu c tc ng c hc khi lp t bt k vng t no; khi ko,
lun cp v chu c tc ng nhit trong qu trnh vn hnh, sa cha.
3-10.3. i vi cc khu vc t b nhim mn, bn ly, t p c cha x,
vt liu xy dng hoc hot cht n mn in ho phi s dng loi
cp v bc bng ch hoc nhm vi lp bo v bn ngoi bng nha tng
hp. Ti cc khu vc bn ly khi la chn cp phi tnh n cc iu
kin a cht, ho hc v c hc.
3-10.4. i vi cc vng t khng n nh phi chn loi cp c v bc bng

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ai hoc si thp v c bin php phng chng tc ng nguy hi n


cp khi t dch chuyn (d phng chiu di cp, ln cht t, ng
cc...).
3-10.5. Ti nhng ch tuyn cp i qua sui, bi bi, knh rch cng dng
loi cp tng t nh cp t trong t. Cc ng dn cp t trong t
hoc trong nc u phi c gii php bo v chng n mn.
3-10.6. Cc tuyn cp c lp t trong t theo phng thc: cp c t
trong ho cp, pha di gii mt lp t mn, pha trn cng ph t mn
khng ln si, , xi mng hoc rc. Dc theo chiu di tuyn cp phi
c bo v trnh tc ng v c hc nh ph ln mt ho cc tm an
bng b tng c chiu dy khng nh hn 50mm i vi cp in p
35kV. i vi cp in p di 35kV c th ph bng cc tm an b
tng hoc xy gch (khng dng gch silict, gch l, gch rng)
hoc bng cc vt liu c cng cn thit. i vi cc tuyn cp
in p n 22kV, nu c chn su t 1m tr ln th khng phi c
bin php bo v trnh tc ng c hc tr trng hp tuyn cp chui
qua ng xe c gii, ng st.
Dc theo tuyn phi b tr cc b tng bo hiu c cp ngm i trong t.
3-10.7. su t cp so vi ct chun quy hoch c quy nh khng nh hn:
0,7m i vi cp in p 22kV v 1,0m i vi cp in p 35kV. i vi
cc on cp c chiu di di 5m, hoc ti cc v tr dn vo to nh,
giao cho vi cc cng trnh ngm, cho php gim chn su cn 0,5m.
3.10.8. Khong cch gia cp chn trong t vi cc kt cu khc v cng trnh
c quy nh nh sau:
1) Gia cc cp t song song:
+ 0,10m i vi cp n 10kV hoc gia chng vi cp h p khc.
+ 0,25m i vi cp n 35kV hoc gia chng vi cc loi cp khc.
+ 0,50m i vi cp ca cc c quan khc nhau hoc gia cp lc vi
cp thng tin.
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2) Khong cch t ng cp ( mi cp in p khi t trong t) n


mng nh hoc mng cng trnh xy dng khng c nh hn 0,6m.
Cm t cp trc tip di mng nh, mng cng trnh xy dng.
3) Khi t cp i qua rng hoc qua vng trng cy, khong cch t nht t
cp n gc cy l 2m. Nu tha thun c vi cc bn hu quan ca
khu vc, c th gim khong cch trn khi cp c t trong ng.
Khi t cp vn cy c cc gc cy nh th khong cch ni trn c
th gim xung n 0,75m.
4) Khong cch t ng cp n trang b ni t ca ct khng c nh
hn 5m i vi DK in p trn 1kV n 35kV v khng c nh
hn 10m i vi DK in p t 110kV tr ln. Ti nhng ni cht hp,
khong cch ny cho php gim, nhng khng c nh hn 2m.
Khong cch t cp n chn ct DK in p di 1kV khng c
nh hn 1m. Ti nhng ni cht hp cn lun cp trong ng cch in
c th gim khong cch xung cn 0,5m.
5) Khi giao cho vi ng st hoc ng t, cp phi t trong tuynen,
trong khi cp hoc trong ng theo sut chiu ngang ca ng cng
thm mi pha 0,5m tnh t mp ng; chiu su chn cp t nht l
1m k t mt ng v thp hn y rnh thot nc hai bn ng t
nht l 0,5m.
6) Khi cp giao cho vi mng nc:
+ Nu mng nc nng th cp c t thp hn y mng nc t
nht l 0,5m.
+ Nu mng nc su th cp c t trong ng sut chiu ngang ca
mng cng thm mi pha t nht 1,0m.
3-11. lp t hp ni v u cp
3-11.1. Vic lp t hp ni v u cp phi m bo kt cu ph hp vi cc
ch lm vic ca cp v iu kin mi trng xung quanh, khng
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c lt m v cc cht c hi vo trong cp. i vi cc loi cp,


in p n 35kV hp ni v u cp c s dng phi m bo cc tiu
chun k thut, trong c tiu chun phi chu c in p th nghim
i vi ton tuyn cp.
3-11.2. i vi cc tuyn cp ngm in p trn 1kV s dng loi cp mm,
cch in XLPE, PE hoc EPR...(khng dng cp loi PVC i ngm) v
v bc bng cao su. Vic u ni cp phi c thc hin bng phng
php lu ho nng (hp chn) cao su v cp v ph ln trn mi ni mt
lp chng m hoc s dng cc hp ni kiu qun bng bm nha
epoxy.
3-11.3. S lng hp ni trong mt kilmt cp xy dng mi khng c vt
qu:
- 6 hp i vi cp 3 rut in p 22-35kV.
- 3 hp i vi cp mt rut.
3-11.4. on cp t mt t n cao 2m phi t trong ng bo v.
3-12. ni t cp
3-12.1. V kim loi ca cp v cc kt cu t cp phi c ni t hoc ni
trung tnh theo cc yu cu k thut chung. V kim loi ca cp v ai
thp phi c ni vi nhau v ni vi v hp ni bng dy ng mm,
tit din khng nh hn 6mm2.
3-12.2. Trong trng hp trn kt cu ca cp c t cc u ni v chng
st th ai, v kim loi v v hp cp phi ni vi trang b ni t ca
chng st. Khng c s dng v kim loi ca cp lm dy ni t.
3-12.3. Khi ni cp vi ng dy trn khng ti ct in khng c ni t, c
php s dng v cp kim loi lm dy ni t cho hp u cp.

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Chng IV

ng dy h p
4-1. Dy dn in
4-1.1. Loi dy dn in
1) i vi ng dy i qua cc khu vc tha dn c, xa nh ca, cng
trnh cng cng s dng dy nhm trn khng c li thp, hoc dy
nhm li thp trong cc trng hp cn thit.
2) i vi ng dy i qua cc khu vc dn c tp trung, gn nhiu nh
ca, cng trnh cng cng hoc khu vc c nhiu ngi qua li; khu vc
nhim; khu vc nhiu cy ci nn s dng loi cp vn xon (ABC) rut
nhm hoc dy nhm bc cch in.
3) i vi cc ng dy i qua khu vc nhim mn c th s dng dy
nhm c lp m bo v chng n mn.
4) i vi ng dy ti cc khu vc nhim mn qu nng, i st bin c
th s dng dy ng nhiu si hoc dy hp kim nhm.
5) Dy dn t my bin p vo t h p (400V/230V) v t t n ng dy
h p s dng loi cp ng 1 pha hoc 3 pha nhiu si bc cch in
PVC hoc XLPE - 1kV.
6) Dy dn vo hp cng t treo trn ct dng loi cp ng nhiu si bc
cch in PVC hoc XLPE - 1kV.
7) Dy dn vo nhiu hp cng t t ti nh dng loi rut ng hoc dy
ng nhiu si bc cch in cho on dy pha ngoi nh, v loi cp in
(cp muyle hoc cp vn xon) lun trong ng bo v cho on t u hi
nh n cng t in.
8) Dy dn vo cng t v sau cng t phi dng dy dn nhiu si bc cch
in hoc cp in. Tit din dy bc cch in hoc cp in phi ph
hp vi cng sut s dng ca cc h s dng in nhng ti thiu khng
nh hn 2,5mm2.
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4-1.2. Tit din dy dn in


4-1.2.1 C s xc nh tit din dy dn in
- m bo cp in cho nhu cu ph ti khu vc d tnh cho giai on 10
nm sau.
- m bo cht lng in p cui ng dy theo qui nh ti chng 1.
- m bo cc iu kin kinh t, k thut trong phm vi cung cp in
khng nn vt qu khong cch di y:
Loi ng dy

ng trc
ng nhnh

Chiu di cp in (m)
Khu vc dn c
Khu vc dn c phn
tp trung
tn
800
1200
500
800

- iu kin tiu chun ho tit din dy dn trong thit k xy dng v


qun l vn hnh.
4-1.2.2. La chn tit din dy dn
- Dy dn in ng dy h p trn khng ca li in h p nng thn c
th dng:
Dy trn;
Dy bc cch in;
Cp bc cch in, cp vn xon ABC ( gi chung l cp
in).
- Nn la chn tit din dy dn theo cc nh hng y:
1) i vi cc ng trc :
+ m bo iu kin bn c hc, dy dn ng trc phi l dy
nhiu si. Tu theo cng sut ti m tit din dy pha c th c la chn
trong gii 50-70-95mm2, c bit c th chn n 120mm2, tuy nhin khng
c nh hn quy nh sau:

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Loi dy

Tit din (mm2)


Vt ng giao thng Cc v tr cn
v thng tin cp I
li

Dy nhm

35 mm2

16 mm2

Dy nhm li thp, nhm hp kim

16 mm2

10 mm2

Dy ng

16 mm2

10 mm2

+ Tit din dy trung tnh ca ng dy 3 pha 4 dy chn khng nh hn


50% tit din dy pha. i vi cc ng dy trc 2 pha s dng in p
pha v mt pha th tit din dy trung tnh chn khng nh hn 70% tit
din dy pha.
2) i vi cc nhnh r:
+ Dy dn cc nhnh r cho php s dng loi mt si. Tit din dy phi
la chn ph hp vi cng sut tiu th ca cc h s dng in v ti
thiu khng nh hn 2,5mm2.
+ i vi cc nhnh r v dy dn cp in cho cc ph ti 1 pha tit din
dy trung tnh chn bng dy pha.
3) Dy dn vo hp cng t treo ngay trn ct ng dy h p nn chn theo
cc loi tit din sau:
+ 2 x 25 mm2 hoc 4 x11 mm2 cho hp 6 cng t 5/20A
+ 2 x 16 mm2 hoc 4 x7 mm2 cho hp 6 cng t 3/9A (hoc hp
cng t 5/20A)
+ 2 x 11 mm2 hoc 4 x6 mm2 cho hp 4 cng t 3/9A (hoc hp
cng t 5/20A)
+ 2 x 7 mm2 cho hp 2 cng t 3/9A.
4) Dy dn vo hp nhiu cng t st nh, xa ct ng dy h p nn
dng cc loi c tit din: 2 x 16mm2- 2 x 25mm2- 2 x 35mm2 tu theo
s lng cng t v chiu di dy dn vo hp cng t.
4-1.3. B tr dy dn trn ct
1) Tu theo yu cu c th v hnh lang tuyn v chiu cao ct c th b tr
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dy dn trn ct theo hng ngang hay thng ng. Trong trng hp b tr


theo phng nm ngang th cho php dy trung tnh b tr ngang vi cc
dy pha, cn nu b tr theo phng thng ng th dy trung tnh phi b
tr di cc dy pha
2) Khong cch gia cc dy dn c la chn theo hng dn chng I.
Khong cch dy dn ti ct phi m bo cc yu cu di y:
+ Vi dy dn trn, khong cch gia cc dy khng nh hn quy nh
bng sau:
Khong ct (m)

n 30

40

50

60

70

>70

Khong cch gia cc


dy nm ngang (m)

0,20

0,25

0,30

0,35

0,40

0,50

Khong cch gia cc


dy thng ng (m)

0,40

0,40

0,40

0,40

0,40

0,40

+ Khong cch t dy dn n ct, x khng nh hn 0,05m


+ Vi dy bc dn bc th khong cch gia cc dy; khong cch gia dy
vi ct, x cho php ly bng 50% cc khong cch quy nh trn y.
+ Khong cch gia cc mch ng dy trn cng 1 ct khng c nh
hn 0,4m.
+ Cc ng trc dng cp bc cch in khng chu lc th cp phi c
treo trn dy chu lc bng dy buc. Dy chu lc l dy kim loi khng g
hoc phi c m km chng g. Dy buc l dy thp chng g c ng
knh t 0,5 n 1,0mm; khong cch gia hai dy buc treo cp in ln
dy chu lc khng qu 1,0m.
3) Trng hp ng dy h p i chung ct ng dy trung p, cho php
b tr ct ng dy h p xen gia cc ct ngay bn di ng dy
trung p. Khi khong cch t dy dn trung p n dy dn h p v
tr ct xen gia c la chn nh trong trng hp mc dy trn cng
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mt ct.
4) Khong cch t dy dn h p n dy dn trung p (dy pha) trn ton
b tuyn dy trong iu kin lm vic bnh thng khng c nh hn
cc tr s c quy nh ti mc 5) ca iu 1-10.1.
5) Trong trng hp ng dy h p i chung ct, ng thi s dng
chung dy trung tnh trc tip ni t vi ng dy trung p, khng
c php b tr dy trung tnh pha di cc dy pha ca ng dy h
p, cn tit din ca dy trung tnh phi c tnh chn m bo cho c
ng dy trung p ln ng dy h p.
6) Dy dn dng cho chiu sng ngoi tri mc chung ct vi ng trc h
p cho php b tr di dy trung tnh.
7) Cu chy bo v t trn ct phi b tr thp hn cc dy dn thun
tin cho vic sa cha thay dy chy.

4-2. Cch in v ph kin


4-2.1. Cch in v ph kin
1) Cch in s dng cho cc ng dy h p nng thn phi m bo cc
tiu chun k thut theo quy nh, h s an ton c hc ca cch in (t
s gia lc ph hu v lc cng dy ti a) khng c nh hn 2,5.
2) i vi ng dy trn khng h p tu theo s b tr dy dn trn
ct c th s dng loi cch in ng hoc cch in ng ch. Khi s
dng cch in ng th cch in c lp t nh sau:
+ 1 cch in ng 1 dy dn cho v tr thng
+ 2 cch in ng no dy dn cho cc v tr ct no gc, no hm.
3) Khi s dng cch in ng ch th lp t 1 cch in thng,
gc hoc no dy dn, chiu lp t phi m bo p ng c yu cu
chu lc ca cch in ti v tr ct. Nu cn mc nhiu dy dn trn mt
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cch in th phi dng cch in nhiu tn hoc cch in m nhiu tng.


Cm mc nhiu dy dn chng ln nhau trn mt cch in. Cch in
hoc no dy phi c bt trn x hoc gi dc.
4) Cc ph kin nh chn cch in, cp cp u c ch to theo tiu chun
Vit Nam. Cc yu cu v h s an ton ca ph kin tng t nh i vi
ph kin ng dy trung p.
5) Ni dy dn bng ni p, bng ni hn hoc kp ni dy.
6) buc c cch in s dng loi dy nhm 1 si c tit din 3,5mm2.
7) Ti cc v tr cng t treo trn ct dy dn sau cng t c bt hm qua
s ng hoc s qu bng ( khng dng cu chy c ) trc khi i tip vo
cc h gia nh. Tuyt i khng c qun dy dn quanh ct, chn s,
thanh x trnh dy dn b sc truyn in ra thn ct v cc cu kin
bng thp.
8) Ti cc v tr cng t lp t h gia nh dy dn vo cng t c hm
trn s qu bng hoc s ng, g lp trn cc gi bng thp hoc
bng g.
9) Ti cc v tr trung gian bng ct g, tre c x l chng mi mc
c th bt dy dn vo cng t trn s ng hoc g treo trc tip trn
ct g. Trng hp g treo trc tip phi c bin php dy dn khng b
sc.
4-3. Ni t

4-3.1. Cc v tr cn ni t:
1) i vi ng dy h p i c lp, ni t chng st v ni t lp li cho
trung tnh c kt hp lm mt v b tr theo tng khong trung bnh 200
250m ti khu vc ng dn c v 400 500m ti khu vc tha dn c.
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3) ng dy h p i chung vi ng dy trung p, ngoi vic ni t ca


ng dy h p phi ni t theo quy nh trong mc 3.3.1.
3) Cc v tr ct: r nhnh, no cui, vt ng giao thng hoc ti tit
din dy dn thay i u c ni t.
4) Ti t phn phi in h p v cc ct r nhnh vo h tiu th nn lp t
chng st h p.
4-3.2. in tr ni t:
1) i vi cc ng dy h p i c lp :
+ in tr ni t khng c ln hn 50 i vi cc ng dy
i qua khu vc c nhiu nh cao tng, cy ci cao che chn, kh
c th b st nh trc tip.
+ in tr ni t khng c ln hn 30 i vi cc ng dy
i qua khu vc trng tri khng c nh ca, cng trnh, cy ci
che chn, ng dy d b st nh trc tip.
2) Tr s in tr ni t phi m bo c 2 yu cu qui nh cho ng dy
h p v ng dy trung p i pha trn.
3) Hp cng t bng kim loi cch in n phi ni t v hp vi tr s
in tr ni t khng c ln hn 50. Trong trng hp s dng hp
cng t composit hoc hp kim loi c cch in kp th khng cn phi
ni t v hp.
4-3.3. Loi ni t:
- Ni t bng cc, tia hoc cc tia hn hp :
Cc b tip t loi cc, tia phi thc hin theo mc 2-4.2

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4-4. Ct in

4-4.1. Cc loi ct:


1) Vic la chn ct trn ng dy h p phi da trn c s cc yu cu
v chu lc, thm m, kh nng p ng ca th trng, cc iu kin
vn chuyn, qun l vn hnh v so snh kinh t.
2) Cc loi ct ca ng dy h p c th l ct kim loi, ct b tng vung,
b tng li tm, b tng ly tm ng lc trc, ct g, tre c x l
chng mi mc theo cc yu cu ph thuc vo tnh cht ca ng dy.
H s an ton ca ct thp, b tng ct thp khng nh hn 1,5; ct g, tre
khng nh hn 3.
+ i vi cc ng trc, nhnh 3 pha v 1pha:
Ct s dng cho ng dy h p l ct b tng vung c chiu cao
6,5m; 7,5m v 8,5m hoc cc ct BTLT ng lc trc c chiu cao
8,0m v 8,5m. Ti cc v tr c bit nh khong vt, giao cho c
th s dng ct cao 10m; 12m.
Ch nn s dng ct b tng li tm cho cc ng dy: i) i chung
tuyn vi ng dy trung p; ii) i qua cc th trn, th t, dc theo
cc ng quc l, tnh l, cc khu vc c yu cu m quan cao; iii)
i qua khu vc nhim mn; iv) ti khu vc khng th vn chuyn ct
b tng vung an ton vo cng trnh.
+ i vi cc nhnh r vo h gia nh:
Trong trng hp khong cch t ng dy n h gia nh khng
vt qu 20m c th ko dy dn thng t ct in vo h gia nh.
Dy dn c no cng ti ct in v u hi h gia nh.
Khi khong cch t ct in n h gia nh ln hn 20m, c th
dy dn bng dy vng thp m hoc ct trung gian. Nu dng
ct g hoc tre chn khng mng, ct phi c chiu cao ti thiu l
5,0m, ng knh ngn ct ti thiu l 80mm nu dy dn khng
vt qua ng t.
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4-4.2. S ct tng th:


4-4.2.1. Ti tt c cc v tr thng, gc, u s dng s ct n.
4-4.2.2. Ti cc v tr no gc, no cui, no r nhnh c yu cu chu lc ln
hn gii hn chu ti trng thng xuyn ca ct, s dng s ct
kp. Trong trng hp ng dy i qua cc khu vc dn c tha tht,
din tch rng ri, c th b tr c dy no th ti cc v tr ct no
nn thay s ct kp bng s ct n kt hp vi dy no. Cm b
tr dy no cnh ng giao thng hoc ti nhng ni c ngi v vt
nui thng xuyn va qut. Dy no c th l cp thp hoc thp trn
c sn hoc m km chng g, tit din khng c nh hn 25mm2.
4-4.2.3. Ti cc v tr ng dy h p i chung ct vi ng dy trung p (c
u t ng thi), th vic la chn s v kim tra kh nng chu lc
ca kt cu ct, mng cn c xem xt, tnh ton trong phn ta liu lin
quan n ng dy trung p.
4-4.2.4. Trong trng hp ng dy h p mi c lp t ln ct ca ng
dy trung p c sn, th phi tnh ton kim tra li cc kt cu ct, mng
v thc hin gii php tng cng kh nng chu lc ca kt cu hin c
nu thy cn thit.
4-4.2.5. i vi ng dy h p, ngoi kt cu 3 pha 4 dy v 1 pha 2 dy nh
hin nay nn pht trin thm loi kt cu 1 pha, 3 dy.
Khong ct ca ng dy h p c th dao ng trong gii hn rng t
30m n 70m, i khi di 30m hoc trn 70m.

4-5. X v gi
4-5.1. Cu hnh x v gi:
Tu theo s b tr dy dn trn ct c th la chn cu hnh x nh sau:
- X bng ( hoc no) cho cc ct , ct no khi b tr dy dn

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nm ngang v s dng loi cch in ng. Trong c loi x n dng


cho ct , mi pha c bt trn mt cch in v loi x kp dng cho
cc ct no, ct vt; mi pha c bt trn 2 cch in .
- Gi dc (RACK) cho cc ct khi b tr dy dn theo chiu thng ng dc
thn ct v s dng loi cch in ng ch.
4-5.2. Vt liu x gi
- Tt c cc x gi u c ch to t thp hnh, bo v chng g bng m
km nhng nng vi chiu dy ti thiu l 80m hoc sn chng g.
Ring i vi cc nhnh r vo cc h gia nh x c th lm bng g
c x l chng mi mc. H s an ton c hc ca x thp, gi dc
khng c nh hn 1,5; x g khng c nh hn 3.
- Cc bu lng ai c u c m km v ch to theo Tiu chun Vit nam.
4-6. Mng ct v no ct
4-6.1. Cc loi mng
4-6.1.1.Mng hp
- Loi mng ny c s dng cho cc khu vc chu nh hng trc tip
ca gi bo, a cht nn mng dc tuyn c s thay i nhiu, a hnh
dc v b mt mng d b thay i bi iu kin mi trng.
- su chn ct bng khong 10% chiu cao ct. Khi thi cng mng ct b
tng ly tm phi t mt tm b tng c sn M200 kch thc 500 x 500 x
50mm y.
- Mng hp c c ti ch bng b tng mc M100.
4-6.1.2. Mng ging:
- Loi mng ny c s dng cho ng dy i qua cc di cn ct ven
bin, ven sng hoc khu vc c hin tng ct chy, kh thi cng.
- su chn ct bng khong 14 n 16% chiu cao ct.
- ng ging c c bng b tng mc M200 vi cc loi c ng

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knh bng 600-700- 800-1000mm.


- b tng mc M100 bn trong mng.
4-6.1.3. Mng t gia cng (ct chn khng mng)
- Mng t gia cng c s dng cho cc ct nhnh r vi dy dn
c tit din nh, yu cu chu lc thp, i qua khu vc c a hnh kh
bng phng, a cht nn mng tt, n nh vi cng chu ti (RN )
t 2daN/cm2 tr ln, st () nh hn 0,7; gc ma st ( ) ln hn 15o
v khng b ti b khi gp nc.
- su chn ct bng khong 12 n 15% chiu cao ct.
- Khi thi cng mng t gia cng cn lu bo tn trng thi t nhin
ca cnh quan khu vc xung quanh v m nn t p theo ng qui
nh. t lp h mng phi tng lp dy 0,20m, m tht cht v p
cao hn mt t t nhin khong 0,4m trnh xi l.
4-6.1.4. Mng cn
- Loi mng ny c s dng cho cc khu vc khng chu nh hng trc
tip ca gi bo, a hnh bng phng, a cht nn mng chn ct trn
ton tuyn kh n nh, khng b bin ng bi tc ng mi trng.
- su chn ct bng khong 16 n 18% chiu cao ct.
- cn cn c t (tnh t v tr bt bu lng) thp hn mt t t nhin
n nh l 0,5m.
- C th s dng cc s cn sau y:
+ 1 cn cho v tr ct
+ 2 cn t song song cho v tr ct v t vung gc cho v tr
ct no i vi cc ng dy i qua khu vc c a cht xu, d
ln.
- Cc loi cn u c c sn bng b tng ct thp mc 200.

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- H s an ton ca mng ct khng c nh hn 1,3.


4-6.2. X l nn mng trong cc iu kin c bit:
1) Trong trng hp mng ct thng xuyn b ngp su trong nc nhim
mn, nc c hot cht n mn b tng, s dng loi mng cc c cao
mt trn cao hn mc nc nhim mn thng xuyn v cao y mng
phi thp hn cao y ct bo v c b tng ct thp ca ct. Vt
liu mng ct khi y phi l b tng chng thm, chng n mn.
2) Trng hp t nn c cng chu ti qu thp (t bn, st bn ...)
c th nghin cu gii php gia c nn mng bng cc loi cc c b
tng, tre, trm hoc m ct phn ti ...
4-6.3. No ct
1) i vi cc khu vc cho php b tr dy no, h tr chu lc cho cc
v tr ct no gc, no thng, no cui s dng cc b dy no v mng
no.
2) Dy no c s dng l loi cp thp hoc thp trn trn m km
nhng nng vi chiu di c chn tng ng theo s ct.
3) Mng no c c sn bng b tng ct thp mc 200 v phi c t
di mt t t nhin ti thiu l 1,5m.
4) Cc qui nh v thit k v thi cng p dng tng t nh i vi dy
no, mng no ca ng dy trung p.
4-7. cp vN XON abc
4-7.1. Cp vn xon h p khng c chn ngm di t.
4-7.2. Cc ph kin ca cp phi ng b v ph hp vi cc yu cu s dng.
Khi thi cng phi dng cc dng c ph hp vi hng dn ca nh cung
cp cp v ph kin.

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4-7.3. Khi tuyn cp vn xon h p i chung ct vi tuyn DK trn 1kV, v


tiu chun khong cch coi tuyn cp vn xon l tuyn dy bc cch
in v thc hin theo iu 4-1.3.
4-7.4. Khong cch ca tuyn cp vn xon h p:
Khi vng ln nht, ti mt t khng c nh hn 6m i vi khu
vc ng dn c v 5m i vi khu vc t dn c.
on nhnh DK i vo nh, khong cch thng ng t dy dn ti
mt va h v ng dnh cho ngi i b c php gim ti 3,5m.
4-7.5. Khi lp t tuyn cp vn xon vo tng nh hoc kt cu kin trc th
khong cch n tng nh hoc kt cu kin trc khng c nh hn
5cm.
4-7.6. Cc c tnh k thut ca cp vn xon h p cn c theo s liu ca nh
ch to hoc tham kho Ph lc.
4-8. Cng t v hp cng t
4-8.1. Cng t in
4-8.1.1.Loi cng t in
1) Cc h gia nh c nhu cu s dng in trn 100kWh/thng c lp t
loi cng t 5(20)A; cc h c nhu cu s dng in t 100kWh/thng tr
xung c lp t loi cng t 3(9)A.
2) Cc khch hng sn xut kinh doanh, xay xt, ch bin thc n gia sc ...,
cc h tp th cng cng c nhu cu s dng in 1 pha c lp t loi
cng t 1 pha 10(40)A; cc h c nhu cu s dng in 3 pha th lp t
loi cng t 3 pha 3x10(40)A hoc 3x10(30)A, 3x20(80)A v 3x50(100)A
4-8.1.2. V tr lp t cng t

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1) Tt c cc cng t in u phi c kp ch k thut ca c quan c


nh nc u quyn v kim nh cng t v kp ch thng mi ca n v
kinh doanh in.
2) Cng t in c th treo trn ct in, trong hoc ngoi nh nhng phi
m bo tnh khch quan cho c bn mua v bn bn.
3) Cng t c treo cao khong 2,5m trong trng hp lp t trn
ct in, v khng di 1,7m khi lp t ti nh.
4-8.1.2. Hp cng t
1) S dng cc loi hp t c 1 hoc nhiu cng t tu theo yu cu
thc t.
2) Trong mi hp cng t phi lp t p t mt hoc cu chy loi 20A,
30A hoc 40A pha sau mi cng t h gia nh.
3) Hp cng t c s dng l loi hp st c sn tnh in vi cch
in n hoc cch in kp, hp inox vi cch in kp hoc hp
composit.
4) Hp cng t c ch to theo kiu hp kn (IP-43), c cnh ca vi cc
h c ch s cng t, chnh sa cu chy, p-t-mat... v kho bo v.

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4-9. Khong cch an ton LI iN H P NNG THN


4-9.1. Khong cch an ton
1) i vi ng dy h p nng thn, khong cch theo phng nm ngang
t dy dn gn nht khi b gi thi lch i nhiu nht ti cc b phn ca
nh , cng trnh nn chn khng nh hn quy nh sau:
c im ca khu vc

Khong cch (m)


Dy trn

Dy bc cch in

3,0

2,5

Mi nh

2,5

1,5

n tng xy kn, n cy ci

1,0

0,5

n tng xy kn, nu dy dn c t trn gi

0,3

0,3

10,0

5,0

n ca s, ban cng, sn thng, b phn gn


nht ca cu

gn vo tng, khong cch cc gi 30m


n ct xng du, kho cha nhin liu, ho cht
d chy, n.
2) i vi ng dy h p nng thn s dng cp in, cho php bt trc tip
cp ln tng xy kn hoc lun trong ng dn cp t st thnh cu, gm
cu.
4-9.2. ng dy h p nng thn giao cho vi ng dy thng tin, tn hiu
trn khng phi m bo cc iu kin sau:
1) Dy in lc phi i pha trn v khng c ni dy dn trong khong giao
cho.
2) Khong cch thng ng t dy in lc n dy thng tin, tn hiu trong
iu kin khng c gi khng c nh hn 1,2m.
3) Ct ca ng dy in lc vt qua ng dy thng tin, tn hiu cp I
phi dng loi ct no; cc dy ca ng dy in lc phi mc kp trn 2
cch in.
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4-9.3. Cho php ng dy truyn thanh v cp thng tin i chung ct vi


ng dy h p vi iu kin sau:
1) c s ng ca n v qun l ng dy in lc.
2) Dy in lc i pha trn.
3) Khong cch thng ng t dy in lc n dy truyn thanh, cp thng tin
khng c nh hn 1,25m.
4) Dy truyn thanh, cp thng tin c t trn x, cch thn ct t nht 0,2m.
4-9.4. ng dy h p giao cho vi ng dy cao p phi m bo cc iu
kin sau:
1) Dy cao p phi i pha trn, c tit din ti thiu 35 mm2.
2) Khong cch an ton thng ng t dy di cng ca ng dy cao p
n dy trn cng ca ng dy h p trong iu kin khng c gi khng
c nh hn quy nh sau:
Cp in p (kV)

n 15 22-35

Khong cch an ton (m)

2,0

2,5

66-110

220

500

3,0

4,0

6,5

4-9.5. ng dy h p i gn hoc i song song vi ng dy cao p, ng


dy thng tin, tn hiu th khong cch ngang gia cc dy dn gn nht
trng thi tnh khng c nh hn 4m.

Chng V

Cung cp in khu vc ngoi li


5-1. D bo ph ti
5-1.1. Khu vc ngoi li l cc khu vc hin ti v theo quy hoch th
trong vng 5 nm ti vn cha c li in Quc gia. i vi cc
khu vc ny vic xc nh nhu cu ph ti nn c tin hnh theo
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phng php iu tra trc tip. Trong trng hp khng th iu tra


trc tip c c th tham kho d kin xc nh ph ti cc i (vo
cao im ti) cho mt thn/bn in hnh vi quy m khong 30-50
h gia nh nh sau:

H gia nh

1-3 ngi

Ph ti cc i
/ h (kW)
0,35

H gia nh

4-6 ngi

0,45

H gia nh

trn 6 ngi

0,55

Trang tri

1-3 ngi

0,70

Trang tri

trn 3 ngi

1,00

Ca hng

2 ngi

0,20

Xng

1-2 ngi

0,50

Xng

trn 3 ngi

0,70

Trng hc

2 ngi*)

0,30

10

Trm x

2 ngi*)

0,30

STT

Loi khch hng

Quy m

*) i vi trng hc d kin c 2 gio vin ni tr, bnh x c 2


ngi trc v s dng in vo bui ti.
Trn c s d kin s lng tng loi khch hng xc nh tng
cng sut ph ti cc i ca thn/bn, sau nhn vi h s ng
thi 0,6 - 0,7 nhn c cng sut ph ti tnh ton phc v cho
thit k li in ca thn/bn .
5-1.2. Nhu cu cng sut v in nng i vi ti, tiu nng nghip c
xc nh nh iu mc 1-3.3.2 v 1-3.3.3
5-2. Xy Dng ngun in
5-2.1. Ti cc khu vc hin ti v trong vng 5 nm ti cha c in li
Quc gia(khu vc ngoi li) th tu thuc vo d bo nhu cu tiu
th in v tim nng khai thc ngun nng lng ti to (thu in

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

71

QKT.NT -2006

nh, gi, mt tri, sinh kh v sinh khi) m xy dng cc phng


tin pht in ti ch nh cc trm thu in nh, phong in, pin
mt tri... hoc diesel, hoc cc trm pht in hn hp : thu in
nh pin mt tri; phong in pin mt tri; thu in nh
diesel; phong in diesel; pin mt tri diesel...vi quy m cng
sut hp l, m bo cung cp in cho nhu cu ph ti hin ti
v trin vng pht trin trong vng 5-10 nm ti.
5-2.2. Trong h thng ngoi li (h thng c lp) cc my pht in
m nhim chc nng kim sot, iu chnh in p. Cc my pht
in c trang b R-le in p, pht tn hiu ct ti khi in p h
thng tng hoc gim vt qu gii hn cho php.
5-2.3. Trong trng hp h thng c t hai my pht in tr ln, cc
my pht in c th lm vic song song, ti mi my cn c lp
t thit b ho ng b
5-2.4. i vi trm pht in tp trung s dng pin mt tri, do l ngun
in mt chiu nn p ng yu cu cung cp in cho cc h
tiu th v c th kt ni vi cc ngun xoay chiu khc, ti trm
cn lp t b bin i dng in (in p) t mt chiu sang xoay
chiu (b nghch lu).
5-2.5. Vt t v thit b s dng, quy cch xy dng v lp t cc phng
tin pht in c lp phi c la chn v thc hin theo Tiu
chun Vit Nam (TCVN) v Tiu chun Quc t (IEC)
5-3. Xy Dng li in
5-3.1. i vi cc khu vc ngoi li, tu thuc vo bn knh cung cp
in ca ngun pht ti ch m li in truyn ti v phn phi

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

72

qkt. nt-2006

phn II
Ph lc
Ph lc 1

yu cu k thut c bn i vi
thit b, vt liu in
v kt cu xy dng
1-1. Cc yu cu chung

1-1.1. Tiu chun p dng


Tt c cc thit b v vt liu phi m bo cc tiu chun Vit
Nam v cc tiu chun quc t c php p dng ti Vit Nam.
1-1. 2. iu kin mi trng
m bo tnh thng nht cho vic la chn thit b, cc c tnh k
thut ca thit b v vt liu phi tho mn cc iu kin mi trng sau:
+ Nhit mi trng ln nht :

45 oC

+ Nhit mi trng trung bnh :

25 oC

+ Nhit mi trng nh nht :

0 oC

+ m trung bnh :

85%

+ m ln nht to=35oC; trong thi gian 10 ngy:


+ H s ng t :
+ Tc gi ln nht :

100 %
0,1 g
160 km/h

1-1.3. Yu cu khc
Trong qu trnh thit k cn cn c vo c im c th ca li in
tnh ton la chn cc thng s k thut ca thit b, vt liu cho ph
hp. Ph lc ny ch nu ra cc thng s k thut ti thiu hoc cc s
liu thng dng thun tin trong qu trnh s dng.

quy nh k thut in nng thn

74

qkt. nt-2006

1-1.3.1. Mt dng in kinh t:


Mt dng in kinh t (A/mm2)
S gi s dng ph ti cc i trong nm (h)

Vt dn in

Trn 1000 n

Trn 3000 n

3000

5000

+ ng

2,5

2,1

1,8

+ Nhm

1,3

1,1

1,0

+ Rut ng

3,0

2,5

2,0

+ Rut nhm

1,6

1,4

1,2

+ Rut ng

3,5

3,1

2,7

+ Rut nhm

1,9

1,7

1,6

Trn 5000

Thanh v dy trn:

Cp cch in giy, dy bc
cao su, hoc PVC:

Cp cch in cao su hoc


nha tng hp:

1-1.3.2. Dng in lu di cho php ca cp 3 rut ng, v bc ch


ring bit c cch in bng giy tm du nha thng v nha khng
chy t trong t, trong nc v trong khng kh:
Dng in cho php (A)

Tit

in p 22kV

din

in p 35kV
Khi t trong:

rut,
mm2

Nc

25

110

120

35

135

50

Khng

Khng

Nc

85

145

100

165

180

120

70

200

225

150

95

240

275

180

120

275

315

205

270

290

205

150

315

350

230

310

230

185

355

390

265

quy nh k thut in nng thn

kh

kh

75

qkt. nt-2006

1-1.3.3. Chn dy chy ca cu chy h p:

Dng in tc ng lm
t dy chy (A)
1
2
3
4
5
10
12
15
20
25
28
32
35
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
150
200
300

ng knh ca dy chy
Dy ng
0,05
0,09
0,11
0,13
0,15
0,25
0,27
0,31
0,38
0,42
0,46
0,50
0,55
0,60
0,70
0,85
0,92
1,00
1,08
1,16
1,31
1,50
1,80
2,30

quy nh k thut in nng thn

Dy ch
0,21
0,27
9,37
0,45
0,55
0,90
1,00
1,20
1,40
1,75
1,80
2,05
2,21
2,30
2,75
3,20
3,48
3,82
4,12
4,42
5,00
5,80
8,80
9,10

(mm)
Dy nhm
0,15
0,17
0,19
0,20
0,22
0,26
0,30
0,33
0,40
0,46
0,50
0,60
0,65
0,80
0,90
1,00
1,10
1,20
1,30
1,40
1,60
1,90
2,30
2,90

76

qkt. nt-2006

1-1.3.4. H s ng thi:
- H s ng thi tnh ph ti cc i ca cc h tiu th thun dng nh
sau:
Ph ti dch v cng cng Kt = 1
Ph ti sinh hot Kt = 0,9
Ph ti thng mi dch v, vn phng Kt = 0,85
Ph ti tiu th cng nghip Kt = 0,4 0,5
- Khi cha c c s la chn h s ng thi chc chn do ph ti hn hp,
c th p dng cng thc gn ng sau:
Pmax = Kt(Passh + Pcn,tcn + Pnn) = Kt P
Trong :
Passh: tng nhu cu cng sut cho nh sng sinh hot
Pcn,tcn: tng nhu cu cng sut cho cng nghip hoc tiu th cng
nghip
Pnn: tng nhu cu cng sut cho nng nghip
K t l h s ng thi cng sut ca cc ph ti khu vc c th
la chn nh sau:
Khi Passh 0,5 P th ly Kt = 0,6
Khi Passh = 0,7 P th ly Kt = 0,7
Khi Passh = P th ly Kt = 0,9
Cc trng hp khc Kt c th ni suy.
- H s ng thi tnh ph ti cho ng dy 6 - 35kV:
Vi l cp in c t 3 n 5 trm bin p ly Kt = 0,9
Vi l cp in c t 6 n 10 trm bin p ly Kt = 0,8
Vi l cp in c t 11 n 20 trm bin p ly Kt = 0,75
Vi l cp in c trn 20 trm bin p ly Kt = 0,7

quy nh k thut in nng thn

77

qkt. nt-2006

1-2. my bin p (k hiu MBA)

1-2.1.

Tiu chun p dng :

TCVN - 1984 - 1994


IEC - 76

1- 2.2.

iu kin lm vic ca MBA v thit b trm:

in p danh nh

(kV)

in p lm vic

(kV)

in p lm vic ln nht (kV)

35
35

35

38,5 40,5

22

15

10

0,40

23

16,5

11

6,6

0,38

24

17,5

12

7,2

0,40

in p chu tn s 50Hz (kV)


trong 1 pht

75

80

50

38

28

20

2,5

in p ln nht chu (kV)


xung st

180

190

125

95

75

60

Tn s

(Hz)

50

50

50

50

50

50

50

Dng ngn mch nh (kA)


mc trong 1 giy

20

20

20

20

20

20

16

Kiu lm mt

Kiu kn lm mt t nhin bng du

1-2.3. Cc thng s k thut my bin p:


1-2.3.1. my bin p 3 pha:
- 3 pha 2 cun dy,ngm trong du, t ngoi tri.
- T u dy /Yo-11 hoc Y/Yo-12.
- iu chnh in p khi khng c in: 2x2,5%.
- B chuyn i cp in p thao tc t bn ngoi my bin p.

quy nh k thut in nng thn

78

qkt. nt-2006

Cng
sut
(kVA)
30
50
75
100
160
200
250
400

Cp in p
22(6-10-15)/0,4kV
35(22)/0,4kV
22(6-10-15)/0,4kV
35(22)/0,4kV
22(6-10-15)/0,4kV
35(22)/0,4kV
22(6-10-15)/0,4kV
35(22)/0,4kV
22(6-10-15)/0,4kV
35(22)/0,4kV
22(6-10-15)/0,4kV
35(22)/0,4kV
22(6-10-15)/0,4kV
35(22)/0,4kV
22(6-10-15)/0,4kV
35(22)/0,4kV

Tn hao(W)
Khng
C
ti
ti
150
180
190
235
250
290
310
330
445
465
500
530
620
640
900
920

in p
Dng in
khng ti ngn mch
(Io% )
Uk%

600

1,9

1000

1,8

1300

1,8

1750

1,8

2350

1,7

2800

1,7

3250

1,7

4600

1,5

4
4,5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5

1-2.3.2. my bin p 2 pha:


- 2 pha 3 cun dy,ngm trong du, t ngoi tri.
- Kiu my bin p phn phi hoc my bin p kiu kn.
- iu chnh in p khi khng c in : 2x2,5%.
- B chuyn i cp in p thao tc t bn ngoi my bin p.
Cng
sut
(kVA)
15
25
37,5
50

Cp in p
22(6-10-15)/2x0,23kV
35(22)/2x0,23kV
22(6-10-15)/2x0,23kV
35(22)/2x0,23kV
22(6-10-15)/2x0,23kV
35(22)/2x0,23kV
22(6-10-15)/2x0,23kV
35(22)/2x0,23kV

quy nh k thut in nng thn

Tn hao (W)
Ngn
Khng
mch
ti
75oC
65
300
75
110
500
135
130
600
160
190
1000
235

Dng in
khng ti
(Io% )

in p
ngn
mch
Uk%

79

qkt. nt-2006

1-2.3.3. my bin p 1 pha:


- 1 pha 3 cun dy,ngm trong du, t ngoi tri.
- Kiu my bin p phn phi hoc my bin p kiu kn.
- iu chnh in p khi khng c in : 2x2,5%.
- B chuyn i cp in p thao tc t bn ngoi my bin p.

Cng
sut
(kVA)
15
25
37,5
50
75

Cp in p

12,7(6-10-8,66)/2x0,23kV
20,2(12,7)/2x0,23kV
12,7(6-10-8,66)/2x0,23kV
20,2(12,7)/2x0,23kV
12,7(6-10-8,66)/2x0,23kV
20,2(12,7)/2x0,23kV
12,7(6-10-8,66)/2x0,23kV
20,2(12,7)/2x0,23kV
12,7(6-10-8,66)/2x0,23kV
20,2(12,7)/2x0,23kV

quy nh k thut in nng thn

Tn hao (W)
Ngn
Khng
mch
ti
75oC
54
219
62
69
343
85
95
433
117
111
587
137
152
961
175

Dng in
khng ti
(Io% )

in p
ngn
mch
Uk%

80

qkt. nt-2006

1-3. thit b ng ct

1-3.1. Recloser 35kV v 24kV (k hiu REC-35 v REC-24) :

- Tiu chun : IEC - 255 ; ANSI C37.60-1981


- Kiu : Ba pha t ngoi tri.
- Bng 1-3.1: Cc thng s k thut :
in p danh nh

(kV)

in p lm vic

(kV)

35

35

23

in p lm vic ln nht

(kV)

38,5

40,5

24

in p chu ng tn s 50Hz trong 1


pht

(kV)

75

80

50

in p ln nht chu xung st

(kV)

180

190

125

Dng in nh mc (Cho REC)

(A)

400

400

Dng in nh mc (Cho LBS v DS)

(A)

200

200

Dng in nh mc (Cho FCO)

(A)

100

100

ng in ngn mch nh mc

(kA/1s)

20

12,5

Tng thi gian ng (Cho REC)

(ms)

100

100

Tng thi gian ct (Cho REC)

(ms)

80

80

L so

L so

C cu truyn ng (Cho REC)

35

22

S ln thao tc c kh

(ln)

5000

6000

Tn s

(Hz)

50

50

quy nh k thut in nng thn

81

qkt. nt-2006

1-3.2. Cu dao ph ti 35kV v 24kV (K hiu LBS - 35 v LBS - 24)


- Tiu chun : TCVN 5768 - 1993; IEC -129 ; IEC - 265 ; IEC -694
- Kiu : 3 pha t ngoi tri
- Cc thng s k thut : (Xem bng 1-3.1)
1-3.3. Cu dao 3 pha 35kV v 24kV (K hiu DS - 35 v DS - 22)
- Tiu chun : TCVN 5768 - 1993; IEC - 129 ; IEC - 265
- Kiu 3 pha t ngoi tri, ng ct lin ng 3 pha.
- Cc thng s k thut : (Xem bng 1-3.1)
1-3.4. Cu chy t ri 35kV v 22kV ( K hiu FCO - 35 v FCO - 22)
- Tiu chun :

IEC - 282 - 1

- Kiu cu chy t ri 1 pha t ngoi tri


- Cc thng s k thut : (Xem bng 1-3.1)

1-3.5. Cu chy t ri 0,4kV ( K hiu CZ51)


- Kiu cu chy t ri 3 pha t ngoi tri
- Cc thng s k thut :
+ in p danh nh (kV) :

0,4

+ in p lm vic ln nht ( kV ) :

0,6

+ in p chu xung st ( kV ) :

2,5

+ in p chu tn s 50Hz trong 1 pht ( kV ):

1,0

+ Dng in danh nh ( A ) :

160

+ Dng in dy chy ( A ) :

Chnh
nh

quy nh k thut in nng thn

82

qkt. nt-2006

1-4. thit b bo v

1-4.1. Chng st van (K hiu LA):


-

Tiu chun : TCVN 5717 1993; IEC - 99.4

Kiu : Ngoi tri loi xt km ( ZnO ), chng st c khe h.

Cc thng s k thut :

+ in p danh nh

kV

35

35*

22

15

10

+ in p lm vic lin tc ln
nht ca chng st

kV

38,5

22,2

13,9

9,6

11

6,6

+ in p chu ng tn s cng
nghip

kV

70

70

50

36

25

15

+ in p d ng vi sng 8/20s
dng phng 5kA

kV

126

95

60

45

45

30

+ Kh nng hp th nng lng

kJ/k
V

2,5

2,5

2,5

2,5

2,5

2,5

Ghi ch : in p danh nh 35* p dng cho li 35kV c trung tnh trc


tip ni t.

1-5. cch in v ph kin

1-5.1. Cch in ng:


-

Vt liu : Gm hoc thy tinh

Tiu chun : TCVN-4759-1993; TCVN-5851-1994 hoc theo tiu


chun quc t tng ng.

Chn s phi c ch to t vt liu c lc ph hu c hc qui nh


khi chu un khng c nh hn 1,1 ln lc ph hu cch in gn
vo chn kim loi.

Vic gn chn kim loi vo cch in hoc gia cc phn t cch in


vi nhau phi tun th tiu chun cht lng : TCVN - 4759 - 1993.

Cc c im k thut cch in :

quy nh k thut in nng thn

83

qkt. nt-2006

Loi cch in

n v

35 kV

22kV

+ Cp in p danh nh li in

kV

35

22

* Trng thi kh

kV

110(110)

75(85)

* Trng thi t

kV

85(85)

55(60)

+ in p nh thng 50Hz

kV

200(200)

160(160)

+ in p xung duy tr 1,2 / 50s

kV

190(195)

125(150)

+ Lc ph hu c hc khi un

kg

1600(1500)

1300(1400)

* Khu vc bnh thng :

mm

595(595)

360(440)

* Khu vc nhim :

mm

770(-)

484(-)

+ in p duy tr tn s 50Hz :

+ Chiu di dng d :

Ghi ch: S ghi trong ngoc (..) p dng vi cch in thu tinh.
1-5.2. Cch in treo:
-

Tiu chun: TCVN 5849 - 1994; TCVN 5850 - 1994;


IEC-305-1978

Chiu di ng r ca bt cch in khng nh hn 250mm.

1-5.2.1. Cc yu cu k thut i vi cch in kiu bt s gm, bt thu


tinh ghp ni :
- Lc ph hu c hc

kN

70

40

+ Trng thi kh

kV

82

60

+ Trng thi t

kV

55

40

- in p xung tiu chun

kV

125

120

- in p nh thng

kV

120

90

- in p duy tr tn s cng nghip trong 1 pht :

quy nh k thut in nng thn

84

qkt. nt-2006

1-5.2.2. Cc yu cu k thut i vi cch in kiu chui lin


COMPOSITE (SILICON, RUBBER) :

35
in p danh nh

kN

22

Bnh
thng

nhim

Bnh

thng nhim

- Lc ph hu c hc

kN

70

70

70

40

- Chiu di ng d ti thiu

mm

770

970

500

600

+ Trng thi kh

kV

165

165

105

105

+ Trng thi t

kV

90

90

60

60

kV

230

230

170

170

- in p duy tr tn s cng
nghip trong 1 pht :

- in p xung tiu chun

1-5.3. Ph kin ng dy: Theo tiu chun 11-TCN37-2005


-

Ph kin ng dy c thit k, ch to v th nghim theo cc yu


cu c in v d lp rp. Thp dng ch to ph kin c cc c
tnh k thut sau :
+

C kh nng chu c va p vi nhit thp v c ch to


c bit, khng nt v.

Cc chi tit c ghp ni theo dng khp.

Tt c cc chi tit u c m km nhng nng b dy lp m


ca mi chi tit, k c nhng chi tit nh nht u bng nhau
(khng c vt ng cc b) theo tiu chun Vit Nam v cc tiu
chun quc t tng ng.

Kho no dy dn in phi m bo cc yu cu sau :


+

C bn c hc cao

quy nh k thut in nng thn

85

qkt. nt-2006

Chu c mi ti trng tc dng ca dy dn

Chu c s n mn v tc ng ca mi trng nhim

Chu c nhit cao khi ngn mch

Chu c ti trng ca dy dn

B mt tip xc vi dy dn khi kp phi nhn, khng c ba via


v khng b r.

Tn tht vng quang v tn tht t thp

D dng lp rp

Kch thc ph hp vi dy dn

Vt liu lm thn kho bng hp kim nhm

Cc chi tit khc c ch to bng thp c m km nhng


nng.
1-6. cp v dy dn in

1-6.1. Dy cp ng bc XLPE, PVC (2 li v 4 li) in p 0,6/1,0kV


-

Vt liu li : Dy ng nhiu si

S lng li : 2 li hoc 4 li

Vt liu cch in : Cc lp v cp , lp bc v lp n c ch to
bng XLPE, PVC v c th nghim v :
+ dy cch in
+ bn c hc
+ bn v nhit
+ bn v in mi

Theo cc tiu chun TCVN5844-1994 v cc tiu chun IEC 227.2;


IEC332-1 v cc phn tng ng ca IEC 811.
- in p cch in tiu chun : 1kV
- Cc c im k thut chnh khc :

quy nh k thut in nng thn

86

qkt. nt-2006

Cp ng
cch in
XLPE, PVC
Tit din (mm2)
2x1,5
2x2,5
2x4
2x6
2x10
2x16
2x25
2x35

ng knh
(mm)
Li
V

Trng
lng
(kg/km)

in tr
(/Km)

10,50
11,50
13,00
14,00
16,00
18,50
22,00
24,50

127
155
211
285
390
535
830
1105

12,1
4,41
4,61
3,08
1,83
1,15
0,727
0,524

Cp ng
ng knh
cch in
(mm)
XLPE, PVC
Li
V
Tit din (mm2)
3x35+1x25
7,1/6,0
27,3
3x50+1x35
8,4/7,1
31,1
3x70+1x35
10/7,1
36,2
3x70+1x50
10/8,4
36,2
3x95+1x50
11,1/8,4 40,6
3x120+1x70
12,6/10 45,4
3x150+1x70
14/10
49,5
3x185+1x70
15,6/10 54,4
3x240+1x95
17,9/11,1 61,5

Trng
lng
(kg/km)

in tr
(/Km)

1680
2225
2985
3120
3910
5090
6055
7400
9600

0,254/0,727
0,387/0,524
0,268/0,524
0,268/0,387
0,193/0,387
0,153/0,268
0,124/0,268
0,991/0,268
0,754/0,193

1,40
1,80
2,25
2,90
3,80
4,80
6,00
7,10

Dng in Dng in
cho php
cho php
(trong nh) (ngoi tri)

37
48
63
80
104
136
173
208

26
36
49
63
86
115
149
185

Dng in Dng in
cho php
cho php
(trong nh) (ngoi tri)

174
206
254
254
301
343
397
434
501

158
192
246
246
298
346
395
450
538

1-6.2. Dy cp ng bc XLPE, PVC (1 li) in p 0,6/1kV


(K hiu PVC1M ... ) :
-

Vt liu li : Dy ng nhiu si

S lng li : 1 li

Vt liu cch in : Cc lp v cp , lp bc v lp n c ch to
bng nha tng hp PVC v c th nghim v :
+

dy cch in

bn c hc

bn v nhit

bn v in mi

in tr

quy nh k thut in nng thn

87

qkt. nt-2006

Theo cc tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN5844-1994 v cc phn tng


ng ca IEC 227.2 ; IEC332-1.
-

in p cch in tiu chun

Cc c im k thut chnh khc :

Loi cp
XLPE, PVC

: 1kV

Tit din in tr li dn
danh
in ti a
nh
to 20oC
(mm2)
(/Km)

in tr
cch in
ti thiu
To = 20oC
(M/Km )

in p
th cp
Chiu di ch
(kV)
to (m)

M50

50

0,3688

10

3,5

500

M70

70

0,2723

10

3,5

500

M95

95

0,1944

10

3,5

500

M120

120

0,1560

10

3,5

500

M150

150

0,1238

10

3,5

500

M185

185

0,1001

10

3,5

500

M240

240

0,0789

10

3,5

500

1-6.3. Dy nhm bc XLPE, PVC (1 li) in p 0,38/0,66kV (K hiu


AV...)
-

Vt liu li : Nhm nhiu si

S lng li : 1 li nhiu si

Vt liu cch in : Lp bc cch in c ch to bng XLPE, PVC


v c th nghim v :
+

dy cch in

bn c hc

bn v nhit

bn v in mi,

in tr

quy nh k thut in nng thn

88

qkt. nt-2006

theo cc tiu chun TCVN5064-1994; IEC227.2; IEC332-1 v cc


phn tng ng ca IEC 811
-

in p tiu chun : 0,66 kV

Cc c im k thut khc :

Tit din
danh
nh
(mm2 )

ng
knh trung
bnh gii
hn trn
(mm)

in tr ti
a dy dn
To = 20oC
(/Km )

in tr cch
in ti thiu
To = 20oC
(M/Km)

in p
th (kV)

Chiu di ch
to
(m)

AV 35

35

13,0

0,8347

10

2000

AV 50

50

15,0

0,5748

10

2000

AV 70

70

17,0

0,4131

10

1500

AV 95

95

19,0

0,3114

10

1500

AV 120

120

21,0

0,2459

10

1500

AV 150

150

23,0

0,1944

10

1000

AV 185

185

25,5

0,1574

10

1000

AV 240

240

28,5

0,1205

10

1000

Loi dy

1-6.4. Thng s k thut cp vn xon (ABC) rut nhm chu lc u

Thng s
S rut dn
Dng rut dn
S lng si
nhm trong 1
rut dn
ng
knh
rut dn nh
nht
ng
knh
rut dn ln
nht
in tr mt
chiu ln nht
ca rut dn
20oC.
Lc ko t
nh nht ca

n v

16
2,4

Tit din danh nh ca rut dn, mm2


25
35
50
70
95
120
2,3,4 2,3,4 2,3,4
4
2,4
4
Tit din trn, bn v p cht

150
4

19(*)

19(*)

19(*)

19(*)

mm

4,5

5,8

6,8

8,0

9,6

11,3

12,8

14,1

mm

4,8

6,1

7,2

8,4

10,1

11,9

13,5

14,9

/km

1,910

1,200

0,868

0,641

0,443

0,320

0,253

0,206

kN

2,2

3,5

4,9

7,0

9,8

13,3

16,8

21,0

quy nh k thut in nng thn

89

qkt. nt-2006
rut
dn
(LK)
Chiu
dy
trung bnh nh
nht ca cch
in khng k
gn ni (khng
o cc v tr
khc chm, gn
ni).
Chiu dy nh
nht ca cch
in v tr bt
k
Chiu dy ln
nht ca cch
in v tr bt
k (khng o
cc v tr khc
chm, gn ni)
ng
knh
ln nht ca
rut (khng k
gn ni)
Ti trng nh
nht i vi
bm dnh cch
in
- X-90 &
- X-FP-90

mm

1,3

1,3

1,3

1,5

1,5

1,7

1,7

1,7

mm

1,07

1,07

1,07

1,25

1,25

1,43

1,43

1,43

mm

1,9

1,9

1,9

2,1

2,1

2,3

2,3

2,3

mm

7,9

9,2

10,3

11,9

13,6

15,9

17,5

18,9

kg
kg

+
+

+
+

+
+

100
+

140
+

190
110

240
+

300
+

Ghi ch: (*) Cho php dung sai 1 si dy nhm.

"+": Cha xc nh.

1-6.5. Dy nhm trn c li thp (K hiu AC ...)


-

Vt liu : Nhm nhiu si c li thp chu lc.

Tiu chun TCVN5064 - 1994

Cc yu cu k thut chnh :

quy nh k thut in nng thn

90

qkt. nt-2006
in tr ti
a ca dy
n in
To = 20oC
( /Km )

Nhm

Thp

Tng

Lc ph
hoi ti
thiu
( daN )

AC35/6,2

0,7774

36,9

6,15

43,05

13524

175

AC50/8

0,5951

48,2

8,04

56,24

1711

210

AC70/11

0,4218

68,0

11,3

79,3

2413

265

AC95/16

0,3007

95,4

15,9

111,3

3337

330

AC120/19

0,2440

118

18,8

136,8

4152

380

Loi dy

Tit in gn ng (mm2 )

Dng in
cho php

(A)

1-6.6. Dy nhm trn khng li thp ( K hiu A ... )


-

Vt liu : Nhm nhiu si

Tiu chun TCVN5064-1994

Cc yu cu k thut chnh :
Loi dy

A-16
A-25
A-35
A-50
A-70
A-95
A-120

ng knh
(mm)

in tr dy dn
(/Km)

Lc ph hoi
ti thiu (daN)

Dng in
cho php (A)

5,1
6,4
7,5
9,0
10,7
12,4
14

1,98
1,28
0,92
0,64
0,46
0,34
0,27

270
420
591
820
1129
1478
1989

105
135
170
215
265
320
357

quy nh k thut in nng thn

91

qkt. nt-2006

1-6.7. Dy nhm trn c li thp chng n mn (K hiu A.A)


-

Vt liu : Nhm nhiu si c li thp chu lc. c bi m trung tnh


chng n mn cho c dy thp v dy nhm.

Tiu chun TCVN5064-1994

Cc yu cu k thut chnh :

Loi dy

in tr ti
a ca dy
n in
To = 20oC
( /Km )

Tit in gn ng (mm2 )

Lc ph
hoi ti
thiu

K/lng
m trung
tnh chu
nhit

Chiu
di ch
to

Nhm

Thp

Tng

( daN )

(kg/km)

(m)

AC.A50/8

0,5951

48,2

8,04

56,24

1711

3,0

3000

AC.A70/11

0,4218

68,0

11,3

79,3

2413

4,5

2000

AC.A95/16

0,3007

95,4

15,9

111,3

3337

6,0

2000

AC.A120/19

0,2440

118

18,8

136,8

4152

35

2000

AC.A150/19

0,2046

148

18,8

166,8

4631

42

1500

AC.A185/24

0,1540

187

24,2

211,2

5807

51

1500

AC.A240/32

0,1182

244

31,7

275,7

7505

66

1500

1-6.8. Dy nhm trn khng li thp chng n mn (K hu : A.A)


-

Vt liu : Nhm nhiu si c bi m trung tnh chng n mn cho cc


si dy nhm.

Tiu chun TCVN5064-1994.

Cc yu cu k thut chnh :
Loi dy

Tit din dy
dn gn ng
(mm2)

in tr t a
To = 20oC
(/Km)

Lc ph
hoi ti
thiu
(daN)

K/lng m
trung tnh
chu nhit
(kg/km)

Chiu di
ch to
(m)

A.A35
A.A50
A.A70
A.A95
A.A120
A.A150
A.A185
A.A240

34,3
49,5
69,3
92,4
117
148
182,8
238,7

0,8347
0,5758
0,4131
0,3114
0,2459
0,1944
0,1574
0,1205

591
820
1129
1478
1989
2442
2983
3819

2,0
2,7
4,0
5,0
31,0
38,0
45,0
58,0

3000
3000
2000
2000
2000
1500
1500
1500

quy nh k thut in nng thn

92

qkt. nt-2006

1-6.9. Dy ng trn (K hiu M...)


-

Vt liu : ng nhiu si.

Cc yu cu k thut chnh :
Tit din dy
dn gn ng
(mm2)

in tr t
a To = 20oC
(/Km)

Lc ph
hoi ti
thiu (daN)

Chiu di
ch to
(m)

M35

34,61

0,5238

1314

3000

M50

49,4

0,3688

1745

2000

M70

67,7

0,2723

2711

1500

M95

94,6

0,1944

3763

1000

M120

117

0,1560

4684

1000

M150

148

0,1238

5515

800

M185

183

0,1001

7330

800

M240

234

0,0789

9383

800

Loi dy

quy nh k thut in nng thn

93

qkt. nt-2006

1-7. p t mt

1-7-1. Tiu chun ch to :

IEC 157 - 1; IEC 947 - 2; IEC 898

1-7.2. Cc thng s k thut c bn :


Loi
ptmt

3 pha

2 pha

1 pha

Dng in
nh mc
(A)
400

in p nh
mc (V)

S
cc

Kh nng ct ngn C cu nh
mch nh nht (KA) bo v qu
dng
16
T nhit

415

300

415

16

250

415

150

415

125

C cu
vn hnh

Tn s
HZ

Ghi ch

Bng tay

50/60

Bng trong t 400V TBA

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Bng trong t 400V TBA

16

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Bng trong t 400V TBA

16

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Bng trong t 400V TBA

415

16

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Bng trong t 400V TBA

75

415

16

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Bng trong t 400V TBA

50

415

16

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Bng trong t 400V TBA

250

250

16

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Bng trong t 230V TBA

150

250

16

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Bng trong t 230V TBA

125

250

16

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Bng trong t 230V TBA

75

250

16

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Bng trong t 230V TBA

50

240

1,5

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Lp trong hm cng t

30

240

1,5

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Lp trong hm cng t

20

240

1,5

T nhit

Bng tay

50/60

Lp trong hm cng t

quy nh k thut in nng thn

94

qkt. nt-2006

1-8. Cng t in v hp cng t

1-8.1. Cng t in : Tiu chun ch to theo tiu chun IEC521

TT

Chng loi

Cng t in
1 pha 1(4);1(3)
Cng t in
1 pha - 3(9)
Cng t in
1 pha - 5(10)
Cng t in
1 pha - 10(40)
Cng t in
3 pha3x10(40)
Cng t in
3 pha3x20(80)
Cng t in
3 pha3x50(100)

2
3
4
5

Dng Dng
in in in p
nh qu
nh
mc
ti mc (V)
(A)
(A)
1
4 (3)
240

Ti khi
ng

Cp
chnh
x

50/60

Dung
lng ti
ngn
mch
trong 1S
25 50Imax

0,5%Im

Tn
s
(HZ

240

50/60

2550Imax

0,5%Im

10

240

50/60

2550Imax

0,5%Im

10

40

240

50/60

2550Imax

0,5%Im

10

40

240/415

50/60

2550Imax

0,5%Im

20

80

240/415

50/60

2550Imax

0,5%Im

50

100

240/415

50/60

2550Imax

0,5%Im

1-8.2. Hp cng t : S dng cc loi hp c k hiu : H1, H2, H4, H6


1-8.2.1. Quy cch :
TT

Loi hp

1
2
3
4
5
6

Hp H1
Hp H1*
Hp H2
Hp H2*
Hp H4
Hp H6

S
cng t
1
1
2
2
4
6

Cu dao
tng
30A
3x50
30A
3x50
50A
50A

p t mt hoc cu ch (A)
1 x 20(1x30)
3x50
2x20(2x30)
(2x3x50)
4x20(4x30)
6x20(6x30)

Ghi ch : (Hp H1*; H2* dng lp cng t 3 pha).


1-8.2.2. Vt liu :
+

Hp cng t (IP-43) c ch to bng vt liu chng chy: bng st


sn tnh in, bng inox hoc cmposit.
1-9. Ct b tng

1-9.1. Ct btng ly tm :
quy nh k thut in nng thn

95

qkt. nt-2006

Tiu chun ch to : Cc ct b tng li tm c ch to theo tiu chun TCVN


5847 - 1994. Cho php s dng cc loi ct BTLT 10,5m; 12A1 vi cc thng
s c bn c nu trong bng sau v phi c ch to theo cc tiu chun
Vit Nam v kt cu b tng ct thp.
Chiu
di
ct
(m)

nh ct
(mm)

y ct
(mm)

10
10
10
10,5
10,5
10,5
12
12
12
12
14

190
190
190
190
190
190
190
190
190
190
190

323
323
323
330
330
330
350
350
350
350
377

320
420
520
300
400
500
340
540
720
900
650

12 LT.14B

14

190

377

850

13 LT.14C

14

190

377

1.100

14 LT.16B

16
16
18
18
20
20
20

190
190
190
190
190
190
190

403
403
429
429
456
456
456

920
1.100
920
1.200
920
1.000
1.300

T
T
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

K hiu
ct

LT.10A
LT.10B
LT.10C
LT.10,5A
LT.10,5B
LT.10,5C

LT.12A1
LT.12A
LT.12B
10 LT.12C
11 LT.14A

15 LT.16C
16 LT.18B
17 LT.18C
18 LT.20B
19 LT.20C
20 LT.20D

+
+
+
+

Kch thc ngoi

Lc gii
hn u ct
( kG )

Ghi ch

Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin hoc ni
10m + 4m
Thn lin hoc ni
10m + 4m
Thn lin hoc ni
10m + 4m
Ni bch 10m + 6m
Ni bch 10m + 6m
Ni bch 10m + 8m
Ni bch 10m + 8m
Ni bch 10m + 10m
Ni bch 10m + 10m
Ni bch 10m +10m

Chiu dy lp btng u ct 50mm v chn ct 60mm.


Btng c ct ti thiu c mc > M300.
Ct thp chu lc (ct dc) c ng knh d 16mm, c cng
tnh ton ti thiu RHXmin 2600daN/cm2 (Loi C2 tr ln).
Cc ct phi c du mc chm ghi r loi ct, nh my ch to.

1-9.2. Ct b tng li tm ng lc trc :

quy nh k thut in nng thn

96

qkt. nt-2006

Cc ch tiu k thut:
TT

K hiu ct

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

LT-6(ULT)
LT-6,5A(ULT)
LT-6,5B(ULT)
LT-7,5A(ULT)
LT-7,5B(ULT)
LT-8,5A(ULT)
LT-8,5B(ULT)
LT-10,5A(ULT)
LT-10,5B(ULT)
LT-10,5C(ULT)
LT-12A(ULT)
LT-12B(ULT)
LT-12C(ULT)
LT-12D(ULT)
LT-14B(ULT)
LT-14C(ULT)
LT-14D(ULT)

Chiu
di
(m)
6,0
6,5
6,5
7,5
7,5
8,5
8,5
10,5
10,5
10,5
12
12
12
12
14
14
14

18

LT-18,5C(ULT)

18,5

190

436

1000

19

LT-20C(ULT)

20

190

456

1000

20

LT-20D(ULT)

20

190

456

1300

quy nh k thut in nng thn

Kch thc ngoi


nh ct
y ct
(m)
(m)
120
184
160
230
160
230
160
244
160
344
160
255
160
255
190
330
190
330
190
330
190
350
190
350
190
350
190
350
190
377
190
377
190
377

Lc gii
hn u
ct (kG)
100
150
230
200
300
200
300
320
420
480
350
540
720
900
650
900
1100

Ghi ch
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
Thn lin
LT-8GC+
LT-10,5C
LT-8GC+
LT-12C
LT8GD+
LT-12D

97

qkt. nt-2006

1-9.3. Ct btng cho ng dy h p:


Cc ct b tng vung v b tng ly tm dng cho ng dy h p phi c
ch to theo cc tiu chun Vit Nam v kt cu b tng ct thp vi cc thng
s c bn sau y:
K
hiu
ct

Chiu
di ct
( m)

nh ct

y ct

H6,5A

6,5

140 x 140

230 x 310

230

H6,5B

6,5

140 x 140

230 x 310

360

H6,5C

6,5

140 x 140

230 x 310

460

H7,5A

7,5

140 x 140

240 x 340

230

H7,5B

7,5

140 x 140

240 x 340

360

H7,5C

7,5

140 x 140

240 x 340

460

H8,5A

8,5

140 x 140

250 x 370

230

H8,5B

8,5

140 x 140

250 x 370

360

H8,5C

8,5

140 x 140

250 x 370

460

10

T7,5A

7,5

D =160

D = 257

230

11

T7,5B

7,5

D = 160

D = 257

320

12

T7,5C

7,5

D = 160

D = 257

420

13

T8,5A

8,5

D = 160

D = 270

300

14

T8,5B

8,5

D = 160

D = 270

400

15

T8,5C

8,5

D = 160

D = 270

500

TT

Kch thc ngoi


( mm x mm)

Lc gii hn
u ct (kG)

Ghi
ch

Chiu dy lp b tng vi ct b tng vung l 60mm, vi ct


BTLT l 50mm u ct v 60mm chn ct.

B tng c ct ti thiu c mc M200 vi ct ch H v M300 vi ct


b tng ly tm.

Ct thp chu lc (ct dc) c ng knh d 16mm, c cng


chu lc ti thiu RHXmin 2600daN/cm2 (loi C2 tr ln).

quy nh k thut in nng thn

98

QKT.NT -2006

c xy dng vi cc cp in p tiu chun l 35; 22 hoc 0,4kV,


to iu kin thun li cho vic u ni vo li in Quc gia sau
ny.
5-3.2. Trong trng hp, ti mt s khu vc ng dy h p trc mt
ch l nhnh r 1 pha, nhng trong tng lai theo quy hoch, khi
u ni vo li in Quc gia s tr thnh ng trc 3 pha th kt
cu ct ca ng dy ny nn c xy dng theo quy cch 3 pha
4 dy, tm thi lp t 2 dy
5-3.3. i vi cc ng dy h p u ni t trm pin mt tri n h
gia nh s dng loi cp cch in cao su tit din 2x2,5 mm2 hoc
2x6 mm2 vi chiu di ti a khong 200 m.
Cc Tiu chun v thit b, vt t v xy lp li in ti cc khu vc
ngoi li cng c p dng nh i vi cc khu vc trong li nu
trn y.

Quy nh k thut in nng thn

73

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