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    Membrane Analogy

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    balasubramani_sriniv
    The elastic membrane analogy describes the stress distribution on a long bar under torsion. It compares the stress distribution to the shape of a membrane under differential pressure. Specifically: - The cross section of the bar remains constant along its length. By covering the cross section shape with a soap film and applying pressure, the slope of the soap film shows the stress distribution in the bar. - For thin-walled, open cross sections, the membrane analogy allows "stretching out" the cross section into a rectangle without changing the stress distribution under torsion. The maximum shear stress then occurs at the midpoint of the stretched cross section. - The differential equation governing a homogeneous membrane under pressure and tension has the same form

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    Membrane Analogy

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    balasubramani_sriniv
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    The elastic membrane analogy describes the stress distribution on a long bar under torsion. It compares the stress distribution to the shape of a membrane under differential pressure. Specifically: - The cross section of the bar remains constant along its length. By covering the cross section shape with a soap film and applying pressure, the slope of the soap film shows the stress distribution in the bar. - For thin-walled, open cross sections, the membrane analogy allows "stretching out" the cross section into a rectangle without changing the stress distribution under torsion. The maximum shear stress then occurs at the midpoint of the stretched cross section. - The differential equation governing a homogeneous membrane under pressure and tension has the same form

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    The elastic membrane analogy describes the stress distribution on a long bar under torsion. It compares the stress distribution to the shape of a membrane under differential pressure. Specifically: - The cross section of the bar remains constant along its length. By covering the cross section shape with a soap film and applying pressure, the slope of the soap film shows the stress distribution in the bar. - For thin-walled, open cross sections, the membrane analogy allows "stretching out" the cross section into a rectangle without changing the stress distribution under torsion. The maximum shear stress then occurs at the midpoint of the stretched cross section. - The differential equation governing a homogeneous membrane under pressure and tension has the same form

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    26 views2 pages

    Membrane Analogy

    Uploaded by

    balasubramani_sriniv
    The elastic membrane analogy describes the stress distribution on a long bar under torsion. It compares the stress distribution to the shape of a membrane under differential pressure. Specifically: - The cross section of the bar remains constant along its length. By covering the cross section shape with a soap film and applying pressure, the slope of the soap film shows the stress distribution in the bar. - For thin-walled, open cross sections, the membrane analogy allows "stretching out" the cross section into a rectangle without changing the stress distribution under torsion. The maximum shear stress then occurs at the midpoint of the stretched cross section. - The differential equation governing a homogeneous membrane under pressure and tension has the same form

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    Membrane analogy
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Jump to: navigation, search This article is an orphan, as few or no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; suggestions may be available. (March 2010) The elastic membrane analogy, also known as the soap-film analogy, was first published by pioneering aerodynamicist Ludwig Prandtl in 1903. [1] [2] It describes the stress distribution on a long bar in torsion. The cross section of the bar is constant along its length, and need not be circular. The differential equation that governs the stress distribution on the bar in torsion is of the same form as the equation governing the shape of a membrane under differential pressure. Therefore, in order to discover the stress distribution on the bar, all one has to do is cut the shape of the cross section out of a piece of wood, cover it with a soap film, and apply a differential pressure across it. Then the slope of the soap film at any area of the cross section is directly proportional to the stress in the bar at the same point on its cross section.

    [edit] Application to thin-walled, open cross sections


    While the membrane analogy allows the stress distribution on any cross section to be determined experimentally, it also allows the stress distribution on thin-walled, open cross sections to be determined by the same theoretical approach that describes the behavior of rectangular sections. Using the membrane analogy, any thin-walled cross section can be "stretched out" into a rectangle without affecting the stress distribution under torsion. The maximum shear stress, therefore, occurs at the edge of the midpoint of the stretched cross section, and is equal to 3T / bt2, where T is the torque applied, b is the length of the stretched cross section, and t is the thickness of the cross section. It can be shown that the differential equation for the deflection surface of a homogeneous membrane, subjected to uniform lateral pressure and with uniform surface tension and with the same outline as that of the cross section of a bar under torsion, has the same form as that governing the stress distribution over the cross section of a bar under torsion. This analogy was originally proposed by Ludwig Prandtl in 1903.[3]

    [edit] References
    1. ^ Prandtl, L.: "Zur torsion von prismatischen stben", Phys. Zeitschr., 4, pp. 758-770 (1903)

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