Equivalent set and Equal set Equivalent sets are sets whose cardinal number is the same, sets

which have the same number of elements. Example Set A = {1,2,3} and set B = {9,1,2}.Set A is equivalent (~) to Set B because they have the same number of elements. Equal set are sets whose cardinal number and elements are exactly the same. For example Set A = {1,2,3} and set B = {1,2,3}, Set A is equal to Set B because they have exactly the same elements and no. of elements.

Subset and Proper subset If every member of one set is also a member of a second set, then the first set is said to be a subset of the second set. Subset allows the first set is the same as or equal to the second set. A subset can be the set itself The set {2,3,5,7} is a subset of {2,3,5,7}. . A proper subset on the other hand means that the subset is not the set itself. The set {2,3,5} is a proper subset of {2,3,5,7}.

Unions, Intersections, Complements

Suppose that The union of .

and and

are two sets in the same domain

whose universal set is or

consists of all elements which belong to either

, denoted by

A simple example: A = {1,2,3,4} B = {5,6,7,8}

The intersection of by .

and

consists of only elements which belong to both

and

, denoted

For example:

The intersection of the sets {1, 2, 3} and {2, 3, 4} is {2, 3}.

If the intersection of two sets A and B is empty, that is they have no elements in common, then they are said to be disjoint, denoted: A B = . For example the sets {1, 2} and {3, 4} are

disjoint, written{1, 2} {3, 4} = . The complement of consists of elements which do not belong to

, denoted by. Ac

The complement of A in U:

The Set difference. (sets) The difference of sets A and B is the set of all elements of A which are not also elements of B. Symbolically, A / B = {x|x A x B}

The set difference is therefore equivalent to the complement set, The symbol also used to denote a set difference

is sometimes