S

GIO D C V O T O B N TRE thi c 2 trang THI CH N H C SINH GI I L P 12 TRUNG H C PH THNG C P T NH NM H C 2009-2010 Mn: HO H C Th i gian:180 pht (khng k pht )

Cu 1: ( 2,5 i m) Ha tan m gam kim lo i R trong dung d ch HCl d thu c dung d ch A v 1,12 lt H2 ( ktc). X l A i u ki n thch h p thu c 9,95 gam mu i B duy nh t. Thm t t KOH d vo dung d ch A r i l c k t t a em nung ngoi khng kh n kh i l ng khng i thu c ( m + 1,2) gam ch t r n D. em ha tan l ng D ny trong dung d ch H2SO4 long, v a , c dung d ch E. X l E i u ki n thch h p thu c 14,05 gam mu i G duy nh t. Xc nh R, B v G. Cu 2: ( 2,0 i m)Ch c dng thm m t thu c th , hy phn bi t 5 l m t nhn ch a cc ch t kh ring bi t sau : HCl, NH3, H2S, C2H2, SO2. Cu 3: ( 3,0 i m)H p ch t h u c A m ch h , ph n ng c v i ki m nng; ch t o CO2 v hi H2O khi t chy trong khng kh. T kh i hi c a A so v i metan l 5,375. a. Xc nh cng th c phn t v vi t cc cng th c c u t o ph h p c a A. b. un nh 0,01 mol A trong dung d ch H2SO4 long, sau ph n ng dng NaOH trung ha l ng axit d r i th c hi n ph n ng trng gng thu c hn 4,5 gam Ag. L p lu n tm cng th c c u t o ng v g i tn A. Cu 4: ( 1,5 i m)T tinh b t v cc ch t v c khc, hy vi t cc phng trnh ph n ng i u ch etilenglicol oxalat (C4H4O4). Cu 5: ( 3,0 i m)H n h p A g m FeCO3 v FeS2. Ha tan h t 3,57 gam A trong V lt dung d ch HNO3 1,2M thu c dung d ch B ch a 1 ch t tan duy nh t v x lt h n h p D (ha nu ngoi khng kh) ch a hai kh . Tnh thnh ph n ph n trm v kh i l ng c a m i ch t trong A v tm gi tr V, x. Cu 6: ( 2,5 i m)H p ch t h u c X (ch a C,H,O) c t kh i so v i nit oxit l 3. Ha tan 1,8 gam X vo dung mi tr r i cho tc d ng v i kali d thu c 448 ml hidro ( ktc). Xc nh cng th c phn t v vi t cng th c c u t o c a cc ch t m ch h ph h p v i X. Cu 7: ( 3,0 i m)H n h p A g m 3 oxit c a s t. Dung d ch B ch a h n h p HCl v H2SO4. Ha tan h t 3,92 gam A trong dung d ch H2SO4 long v a thu c dung d ch C. M t khc, ha tan h t 3,92 gam A ph i c n t nh t l 70 ml dung d ch B, sau ph n ng c dung d ch D. C c n cc dung d ch C, D thu c kh i l ng mu i khan l n l t l 9,52 gam v 8,645 gam. a. Tnh thnh ph n ph n trm kh i l ng m i nguyn t trong A. b. Tnh n ng mol c a m i axit trong B. Cu 8: ( 2,5 i m) Vi t cc phng trnh ph n ng th c hi n chu i bi n ha sau : X Y Z T A B D M X Bi t X l nguyn t c t ng s h t trong nguyn t l 40; Y, Z, T, M u l cc h p ch t c a X.

Cho : H=1; C=12; N=14; O=16; P=31; S=32; Cl=35,5; Na=23; Mg=24; Al=27; K=39; Ca=40; Fe=56; Zn=65; Ag=108; Ba=137 ____________H T_____________
1

GIO D C V O T O B N TRE H NG D N CH M THI CH N H C SINH GI I L P 12 TRUNG H C PH Nm h c 2009-2010 Mn: HO H C THNG C P T NH

Cu

N i dung R + 2nHCl RCln +n/2 H2 KOH + HCl KCl + H2O RCln+ nKOH R(OH)n + n KCl 2R(OH)n +(m-n)/2 O2 R2Om+ nH2O R2Om+ mH2SO4 R2(SO4)m+ m H2O ne(H2 ) = 2x 0,05 = 0,1 mol ne(O ) =2x1,2/16 = 0,15 mol>0,1 R c s thay i s oxi ho : m>n Ch n gi tr ph h p : n=2, m=3 R2(SO4)3 . a H2O 2RCl2 2H2 14,05 = 0,025(2R + 288 + 18a) L p b ng gi tr , nh n a = 9, R= 56 R l Fe, G : Fe2(SO4)3 . 9H2O RCl2 H2 B : RCl2 . bH2O 9,95 = 0,05 (R + 71 + 18b) Th R=56, b =4. B: FeCl2 . 4H2O NH3 n c Br2 thot kh khng mu, khng mi H2S C2H2 n c Brom nh t mu c vng SO2 HCl n c Brom khng nh t mu

i m chi ti t 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,25 0,125 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,5 0,25 0,25

i m chung

2,5

t o ch t Dung l ng d ch phn trong l p su t ng nh t

1,0

2,0

2NH3+ Br2 N2 + 6HBr H2S + Br2 S + 2HBr C2H2+ Br2 C2H2Br4 SO2+ Br2 + H2O 2HBr +H2SO4

4x0,25

a) CTTQ: CxHyOz (z 1) MA : 12x + y + 16z = 5,375 x 16 = 86 12x + y = 86 - 16z z 12x + y 1 70 2 54 3 38 4 22

0,25

3,0 2

x 1 CTPT

5 10 C5H10O

4 6 C4H6O2

3 2 C3H2O3

1 10 lo i

0,5

b) Sau ph n ng thu phn, s n ph m c kh nng tham gia ph n ng trng gng nn A l 1 trong cc este 1,2,3, Este 2,3,4 : HCOOR + H2O HCOOH + ROH CH3COOCH=CH2 + H2O CH3COOH + CH3CHO HCOOH + 2 AgNO3 + 4NH3 + H2O (NH4) 2CO3 + 2NH4NO3 + 2Ag CH3CHO + 2 AgNO3 + 3NH3 + H2O CH3COO NH4+ 2NH4NO3 + 2Ag nAg = 2nA = 0,02 mol 0,5 mAg = 0,02x108 = 2,16 gam <4,2 gam (lo i) Este 1 : HCOOCH=CHCH3+ H2O HCOOH + CH3CH2CHO HCOOH 2Ag CH3CH2CHO 2Ag

A ph n ng v i ki m nn A c th l phenol (x 6) , axit ho c 0,25 este. Do v y, ch c C4H6O2 l CTPT ph h p. Cc CTCT: HCOOCH=CH CH3 (1) ; HCOOCH2CH=CH2 (2) ; HCOOC(CH3)=CH2 (3) ; CH3COOCH=CH2 (4) ; 8x0,125 CH2=CHCOOCH3 (5) ; CH3CH=CH2COOH (6) CH2=CHCH2COOH (7) ; CH2=C(CH3)COOH (8)

mAg (max) = 0,02x2x108 = 4,32 (g)

0,25 Ta c : 2,16<mAg( ) < 4,32 K t qu ny hon ton ph h p v i A : HCOOCH=CHCH3 0,25 (propenyl fomat)

H+ (C6H10O5)n + nH2O nC6H12O6 enzim C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 o 2C2H5OH XT, t CH2=CH2 + H2O 6x0,25 3CH2=CH2 + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O 3(CH2OH)2 + 2KOH + 2MnO2 xc tc (CH2OH)2 + 2O2 (COOH)2 + 2H2O (COOH)2 + (CH2OH)2 H2SO4 , to (COO)2(CH2)2 + 2H2O D: CO2 , NO ; ch t tan: Fe2 (SO4)3

1,5

G i x, y l s mol c a FeCO3 v FeS2 mA : 116x +120y = 3,57 (I) p d ng nh lu t b o ton nguyn t (thnh ph n khng cho Fe, S: Fe: x + y = 2.nFe2(SO4) 3 (1) S: 2y = 3.nFe2(SO4) 3 (2) (1, 2) y = 3x (II) (I, II) : x = 0,0075 mol ; y = 0,0225 mol

3FeCO3 + 10H+ + NO3- 3Fe3+ + 5H2O + CO2 + NO FeS2 + 4H+ + 5NO3 Fe3+ + 2SO42- + 5NO + 2H2O

0,25 0,25 0,25

i)
0,25 0,25 0,25

3,0

%m FeCO3 = 116.100/3,57 = 24,37% %m FeS2 = 100 24,37 = 75,63% Tng t , p d ng cho C v N B o ton e: x.1 + y.15 = nNO.3
nNO = 0,115 mol N: nHNO3 = nNO = 0,115 mol V = 0,115/1,2 =0,0958 (lt) C: nCO2 = nFeCO3 = 0,0075 mol x = 22,4(nNO + nCO2) = 2,744 (lt)

0,125 0,125 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25

MX : 12x + y + 16z = 3 x 30 12x + y = 90 - 16z 1 12x + y 74 x 6 y 2 X C6H2O S H linh z 2 58 4 10 C4H10O2 3 42 3 6 C3H6O3 4 26 2 2 C2H2O4 5 10 <1 lo i
0,5

ng = 2nH2 : nX = 0,04 : 0,02 =2 lo i C6H2O * C4H10O2 : CH2OHCHOHCH2CH3 CH2OHCH2CHOHCH3 CH2OHCH2CH2CH2OH CH3CHOHCHOHCH3 (CH3)2C(OH)CH2OH CH2OHCH(CH3)CH2OH * C3H6O3 : CH2OHCH2COOH CH3CHOHCOOH CH3OCH2COOH CH2OHCOCH2OH CH2OHCHOHCHO * C2H2O4: (COOH)2 FeO + 2H+ Fe2+ + H2O Fe2O3+ 6H+ 2Fe3+ + 3H2O Fe3O4+ 8H+ 2Fe3+ + Fe2+ + 4H2O

0,25

0,75

2,5

0,5 0,5 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 4

a/ nO = (9,52 3,92)/(96-16) = 0,07 mol %mO = 0,07x16x100:3,92 = 28,57% %mFe = 100 28,57 = 72,43% b/ G i C1, C2 l n ng mol c a HCl v H2SO4 mFe : 3,92 0,07x16 = 2,8 (g) mu i : 2,8 + 0,07(35,5 C1 + 96 C2) = 8,645

 35,5 C1 + 96 C2 = 83,5 (1) + nH = 2 nO 0,07 (C1 + 2C2 ) = 0,14 C1 + 2C2 = 2 (2) (1,2) : C1 = 1,0M ; C2= 0,5M P + N + E = 40 P+E 2P + N = 40 (1) 1 N/P 1,5 (2) (1,2) : nh n nghi m ph h p P = 13; X : Al 2Al + 3 H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2 (X) (Y) Al2(SO4)3 + 3BaCl2 2AlCl3+ 3BaSO4 (Z) AlCl3+ 3NaOH Al(OH)3 + 3 NaCl (T) 2Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + 3 H2O t0 (M) 2Al2O3 pnc 4Al + 3 O2 (X) Fe + 2 AgNO3 Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag (B) t0 4 Fe(NO3)2 2 Fe2O3 + 8NO2 + O2 (D) 4Al + 3 O2 t0 2Al2O3

3,0 0,25 0,5

0,25 2,5

9 x 0,25

Ghi ch : H c sinh gi i b ng cch khc v n h ng tr n s

i m