Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Comparisons of Map and Dap
Comparisons of Map and Dap
Comparisons of Map and Dap
DAP
MAP
IFA, 2005
Water soubility, % of total P Saturated solution pH P, moles/l NH4, moles/l Partial pressure of NH3, mm Hg (0.1 M solution) 75 C 100 C 125 C
----0.05
Ca and Mg phosphates including DCPD Mixed CaNH4 and MgNH4 phosphates including struvite Colloidal apatite 3 to 5 times more solubilization of organic matter than with MAP believed to interfere with growth of large crystals & allow increased P mobility
Wheat
Year 2
Year 1
51.0 49.7 41.6 49.2
60
Grain yield,
45.3 45.6
40
23.8
38.6
Year 2
Year 1
51.0 49.7 52.3
60
Grain yield,
45.3 37.4
40
23.8
35.8
33.3
60
Band Broadcast
50
Grain yield,
50
Band
Grain yield,
Broadcast
40
30
Smith et al.
40
30
Smith et al.
s soil nNon-calcareou
il so s ou re ca l Ca
MAP 100 75 50 25 0 50
106 112
DAP
TSP
7 inch rows
Stand, % of check
106 80 90 85
Gelderman et al.
MAP 125
DAP
TSP
28 inch rows
Stand, % of check
100 75
128
50 25
32 61 28 38 11
100
Gelderman et al.
Deibert et al.
Montana- Barley
Stand density as affected by P source and rate (N) (year one)- In-furrow
70
Plants per meter at tillering
60
50
MAP DAP UAPP y= 56+1.026x-0.0298x2 y= 60.8+0.892x-0.0398x2 y= 39.3+2.777x-0.0826x2
40 10 20
N applied with seed, lb/A
30
Christensen et al.
Montana- Barley
Culm density as affected by P source and rate (N) (year one)- In-furrow
250
225
200
175
150 10
20
N applied with seed, lb/A
30
Christensen et al.
Montana- Barley
Culm density as affected by P source and rate (N) (year two)- In-furrow
370
MAP DAP UAPP y= 316.7+2.079x-0.0331x2 y= 268.6+4.767x-0.0849x2 y= 343.5-1.529x+0.0206x2
350
330
310
290 10 20 30 40
N applied with seed, lb/A
Christensen et al.
7 inch rows
Stand, % of check
75
50
88 86 86 79 56 72
25
Gelderman et al.
28 inch rows
Stand, % of check
75
50
76 72 38 4 18
25
30
100
Gelderman et al.
MAP 100
DAP
TSP
7 inch rows
Stand, % of check
99
Gelderman et al.
28 inch rows
Stand, % of check
75
50
84 66 83
25
15 2
41
100
Gelderman et al.
oC
Influence of P source and temperature during the initial soilfertilizer reaction period on P uptake by oat tops
3.0
7 wks
16, 27 5 16
2.0 1 wk
27
1.0
Beaton and Read
Check
DAP
MAP
MCP
Rice
Arkansas- Rice
Effect of P source on P tissue concentration- Broadcast
0.4
P tissue concentration, %
Midtiller
0.3
Panicle differentiation
0.24
Fertilizer source
Wilson et al.
Arkansas- Rice
Effect of P source on dry matter accumulation- Broadcast
3000
Midtiller
Panicle differentiation
Heading
2000
2538 1000
2584
2495
143 0
616 MAP
146
626 DAP
142
639 TSP
Fertilizer source
Wilson et al.
Arkansas- Rice
Yield response to various sources of P- Broadcast
MAP DAP TSP
160
Rice yield, bu/A
120
167 146 147 149
80
160
161
159
155
156
40
0 1996
Wilson et al.
1997
Average
Wisconsin- Corn
Effect of P source on corn yield- starter (2x2)
150 No starter control 125 MAP DAP
100 75
118 120 117 122 123 108 120 121
50 25 0
99
1995
1996
Mean
Rankin, M.
Michigan- Corn
Average response to various sources of P- Banded 2x2
150
No significant difference among sources, LSD (.05)
125
Corn yield, bu/A
100 75
125 127 120 122 123
Illinois- Corn
Effect of P source on corn yield at multiple locations- In-furrow
225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 Ashton Gridley Springfield Location (1993) Pana Oblong
111 133 137 137 134 114 190 188 182 165 167 170 186 199 201
DAP
Hoeft et al.
Minnesota- Corn
Effect of source (N), timing, and rate on corn yieldBroadcast
Yield bu/A 136.6 135.0 137.7 127.0 145.8 89.3 129.6 143.2
Study objectives: To determine the availability of N to corn from fall and spring applied DAP, MAP, and AS
Randall, G.
Stand, % of control
75
50
100 97
97
99
93
98
91 71
96 84 55 83
25
Gerwing et al.
30 inch rows
Stand, % of control
75
50
67 74 59 41 37 18 27 12 4 6 14 51
25
100
Gerwing et al.
Stand, % of check
75
50
91
90
98 83 82
90 68 60
85
25
Gerwing et al.
Michigan- Soybeans
P source comparison- Banded to the side and below seed
60
MAP DAP
40
51.8 51.1
53.0 54.0
53.0 53.0
52.6 52.7
20
0 1979
Christenson, D.R.
1980
1981
Average
Sugar beet
20
25.4 25.3
25.4 25.4
25.1 24.8
25.3 25.2
10
0 1978
Christenson, D.R.
1979
1980
Average
Sunflower
Stand, % of check
75
50
87 86
96 78 71
94 76 62 42 43 18 50
25
Alfalfa
14
LSD (.05) 1.13
MAP and TSP > others
13
12
12.3 12.0 12.5
13.8 13.2
13.7 13.3
13.4 12.9
13.4
13.1 12.5
11
10
Cihacek, L.J.
AS UP -T SP AS -1 -T SP -2
AS
Ch ec k
M AP
UA P
OS P
AP S
DA P
AP P
TS P
119 lb P2O5/A/year
Available soil P: MAP =DAP Initial 1982 1983 1984
Cihacek, L.J.
Summary
Practical summary
The initially acid reaction zone (pH < 4) of MAP: MAP
Helps prevent initial formation of toxic levels of ammonia Promotes precipitation of potentially favorable metastable reaction products, especially in alkaline soils. Increases potential P transport rate across root cell membranes
Practical summary
The initially alkaline reaction zone (pH > 8) of DAP: DAP
Increases potential for ammonia toxicity to seeds or seedlings; can be managed by limiting rate applied in seed contact Results in precipitation of relatively insoluble apatite but also other potentially favorable metastable reaction products, especially in acid soils Solubilizes organic matter believed to increase movement of P away from the granule site Reduces potential P transport rate across cell membranes
Practical summary
Differences in reaction zone characteristics between MAP and DAP diminish with time usually becoming minor within a month or two. The majority of field comparisons of MAP and DAP in the published technical literature that were conducted using typical farmer practices show only minor yield differences, if any, due to P source effects. Recent development of new P fertilizers and additives is increasing the number of field P source comparisons in todays farming systems.
END