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CHAPTER 5 : GROWTH (Pertumbuhan) 5.1 Analysing The Pattern of Human Growth(Menganalisa Corak Pertumbuhan Manusia) 1.

Growth is permanent and irreversible that increase in body mass, size, body shape and cell specialization. Pertumbuhan manusia adalah kekal dan tidak boleh diundur dimana ia melibatkan pertambahan saiz, bentuk badan dan pengkhususan sel. 2. 2 common characteristics used to measure growth are height and weight. 2 ciri utama untuk mengukur pertumbuhan manusia ialah tinggi dan berat. 3. Human growth can be divided into 5 stages: Pertumbuhan manusia dibahagi kepada 5 peringkat : a. Stage 1 : Infancy where the growth is considered as rapid growth rate. Peringkat 1 :Bayi dimana kadar pertumbuhan sangat cepat(rapid) b. Stage 2 : Childhood where the growth is considered slow growth rate. Peringkat 2 :Kanak-kanak dimana kadar pertumbuhan adalah perlahan. c. Stage 3 : Adolescene where the growth is considered rapid growth rate. Peringkat 3 :Remaja dimana kadar pertumbuhan sangat cepat(rapid) d. Stage 4 : Adulthood where the growth is considered minimal growth rate. Peringkat 4 :Dewasa dimana kadar pertumbuhan minima e. Stage 5 : Senescene (old Age) where the growth is considered negative growth rate. Peringkat 5 :Tua dimana kadar pertumbuhan adalah negatif 4. Boys and girls experiencing growth rate almost the same during infancy and childhood stage. Lelaki dan perempuan mempunyai kadar pertumbuhan yang hampir sama semasa peringkat bayi dan kanak-kanak. 5. The girls reached puberty earlier than the boys (about 10 12 years old) and experience another rapid growth until they reach maturity time (about 18 years old). Perempuan mencapai akil baligh lebih cepat (10 12 tahun) dan melalui pertumbuhan yang cepat sehingga mencapai matang (18 tahun).

6. The boys reached puberty around 12 14 years old and start a rapid growth until they reach maturity at 20 -21 years old. Lelaki mencapai akil baligh agak lambat iaitu 12 14 tahun dan mula melalui pertumbuhan yang cepat sehingga matang iaitu 20 21 tahun. 7. The maturity period for boys are longer than the girls, thats why adult man is taller than adult woman. Tempoh matang bagi lelaki lebih lama berbanding perempuan, inilah yang menyebabkan lelaki dewasa lebih tinggi daripada perempuan dewasa. 8. Children need more carbohydrates in their diet because they are very active during stage 2. Kanak-kanak memerlukan makanan yang mengandungi karbohidrat kerana mereka sangat aktif. 9. Kwashiorkor is a disease because a person is lack of protein. Kwashiorkor ialah penyakit kekurangan protin yang biasanya berlaku pada kanak-kanak.

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