•...• '_· .._:'. S-... 7,.,.-' .

·5··'2~-1 A·',
_ ••• _ .•. 1 '._

'.J

I', _

D·" A:·', B·O····'V··'

.' •. _ L...~.. ',:

-,'
_

"'-1lU SA-~
1 .

I.AI.:!:,ft

···N··· P=-1ER·.·IN···[·"N-rDO··· I!!IiD··· 'SolUIM

_I -, ..".. "__:"'I, ':_'_: '''',

vA'lILE'Y"":
' . ..- -

"

C·,AllrftR,'N··· IIA· 9"'1~5-,'2'::' IIU .. ''I!il

'" 1 -,~~ l .. -

D... ., I N~-T R··.·.O- ·U.I-,C TI-yII

_" l '_ .1._, .. ..

,O····.··.·N:-·..··: .
I J.

_"_

1.1 1. 2
"i
_ I•.

1 3·", piHY,S,'IC.AL,
-:,1

:,.IC'_·R··I 1.10··.··",,l:'ll __pIT-r '-",' DE:'i~ S,·' ,_~:, I~"c ,I . I>, '~"'". _I: I~ S=-"P'EC-CIP'-rc' A-''T'IO-"'N-TC
, , 1 ... .,.. , _.

I',

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rc AL
_ L. _,

1_

1.,.4

FROt~IT

PliliE.L

'CO:NT' R,Q,LS,

1 2 3, 3
,

1.5

CONNECT:I,ON'S :I.I::
,Al~D I,N·ST,ALLA.T'ION

S,ECT:ION'

.2, .1
.2,. 2,
'II'

UNPACKING

2 .' 3'·' PO'~~E:RI NG· . '-, L --: '_JdIJ ._ -, . .Li 2 4 .~' 'I'N:~ V;:O'~L,T~GJP S~'W·"I~T-C~q ·VXC:.-·TE:·'. R-·:·;N-·-A·~'. C '0-,' ·N-·N-:---,-',D· - TI'- I O-···'N:·~·S'·· Q,C···· .~ ,2, ,.5 2 6·'·' I,~.~ll,PE,DAN'IC,'E AND TEmiI.:NATION' ""l 7' A,IC.CESSOR:I, E,S, .2, '. '7 ;.1, :MOD'EL, ,3 01, A~Di.A·PT·E,R 2.7.2 STEREO ADAPTER 1176SA
.. :
,1I ~,.

AND INSPECTION E:NV'I R,IOl\ll~i,EJ:~-mTAL C'O:N'S .1'DE RA'T I'O'N'S

,1:1 _.-,'
I I J '••

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I ,:_ _ ._ _ __

::

,3 ~ ,1 GENERAL _·'" ,IN.IITIIA'L 32

.::, 3

.
ij_

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-'

P,

:O,E,F'INIT:I,Q,N,S, ,S,:E'TUP ''_e .. RF.,·!". - "'. '9: M '''''.~·'1i1 " E- :' C-,- H llGll...•. cc.?, E "~:_. . ~;~I~~I C"'_I P IC· ··.· ,K ..
.10, .•.. [
j ',_,
C,
1

110
11

3 ,",3,.1 INPUT'-"QU'T,PUT SIG1~:A'L L,EVE,:L ,3 3, '. 2 :~1,E'TER,ZE:R,O AD'J'U'S,T' ..3·' -' E "'_ .'K,r In L'il . v,' l-.',"",. I 1,0··.· '·l'~1" "'. L:\I .. "':_' 3 • 3_'-, G····~-··7!i.·'I-'~T, R··'_.l::.MD··UI-,C···••"T_.. -;..... c·'_.·····'H~'_..-C.,.-...:..._' ,A'P'PL:I C:,A,T' I on
,It
. ....!!I!'. " '.
s.'

1,1. ,11
,1,2,

3.4.1 ,3.4. ,2 3.4.3

3, ,.5

CONTROL
,EI.F'PEC'TS

SETTINGS
OF

1,2 1,2
_~l

12

COt~l.P,RES"SIO:1\J' RATIO ,

3, • 4,. 5 E:E~'FiE'C'T,S, ,OF R,E,LEA,S,E T'I:~1,E P'L,ACEM,El'lT OF THE 117 6:LN' L'I,M,IT'E!R
1

3 • ,4 • ,4

EFFECTS
E,FFECITS,

OF THRESHOLD

,OF' ,A,T'TJ\,Cl{ TI:Il4E

I:N 'THE

S.I'GN:AL

,PATH

36
.
"

.,':___.

3,.,5.! ,2 3 .,5,.,3· ,3;.5.4 S T'El.ftEO!

3.5.1

AFTER PREAMP

EQUAL IZ,AT:ION , BEFO:R'E OR, ,AFTER TIHE :LIMI,'TER,? FULLI P'R10'GRrui ,MAT 'E'R"I AL, PR,I'OR TO OU'T:P'UT' ,A~1P'LIF:IE,R I :N"TE:R,'C:O'N'NEC'TI ros 'Ol-~' T~/O ,1 ,1 7'6L,bl UN' ITS

12"";' ,13 ,13 ,13, ,14 1,4, ;4 .... 1,15 1,,5

,

16

'~;'~'C···.··"T"'IIO·······'N'-'. t ; 'IV.. .' J.:IiI '. .'. , ....._ ,:IN:P'UT ~I.PLI:FIER,

V'O:LT'AGE-VA,RIAB,LE RJBS,IST'OR ATEN'U'A'TOR

4,.1, -. _ 4 • ,2 4·:':' 3;'

I

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<~ 4 ,. 4
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.
,
-

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17' 17'
1,'7

..

45 46 A 7.'
.

.
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SIG'NAL PR'lB.A!alPLII~mIE,R, ,LI,NE, ru~,~PLI:FIIER. GAI'N RE'DU'CT'ION C01~TROL, ,A:~1P'LI,FIE,R,

~-.'

'"I

GR METER DRIVER CIRCUIT

P'Q'WE,R,
S'UP'P,LY

'~ ij:

1," 17' 10, ',," .18

.
.,"

I-T~A.·~B'1<LE:: -, .,' ..-. -" 1(;

OC~~'C"O~-VT-i~'N~··T-S--~ ....E' ... ,L"II, " D, , ,

,I _ '

,co!:nt"i:n,uec1)
P A:··''.. G.···. iC7I _:,1 -'.,~I

5.1
-

'~ R'E,:P,AIRS, ,A.NLD '~ARRANTY' 5·,.it. 5 3.:' I,NT"ERNAL SE:R:V:rC:E, ADJU'STIM,ENTS

G'E,NE,AAL

.,
--

,19

1'9
.'

[: .":_ .• I

B~I .".: :.. · T .~.._ Q'.,--M· L~ 5' 3··'!. 2'" iii w U ...'I-II A"'-;'. S·~,·- 'D-- '.'..,J. I'I~.-:, .".,''E' ,: "'·TT] ,5, ,3,. ,3,., G,'AI,N RE.DU'C,T':liO:N l'rjETJ&R 'TAACKIN'G,
n,"·.. -'.:',
!-~'.

5.3.1
II

POWER SUPPLY
I _'

A:,,·,,'· .,

..

-.

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1-

1-

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5.3.4
11:1 ;;J

5,. ,3 • 6
5 .' 4J.
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GR METER ZERO
A:,c-'__,LI ~ . ~_ _' _'

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,- ,- -" ,Ji, -,

1,19 2,' '0·'" 20 20 21,

.. _ ....

21. 22 22
2:2: 22-"':
,

TROUBLE ,S,HOO'T:I NG' TABiLE '(,FI,G". ,5-1.) D. Z1bL;'I 1~. P . D:1,Q,: ..:..,':~ R-',ID. :,.., Cr'LI'r.i~" 'I' 1;'1'G". 'C"LEMlING, TilE L:I,n~1ITE:R
IC,

, ",. 5' I. ,4i . L,5"• ,4,. ,2, 5 ·- '3-· ,_' '. 4 '.
".:_:

I,N CAS'E: OF' :DIFFI,CU'L,T'Y

I ,_" :__ '

,:~.,

G~'E·~"N--E:,'RAL'--"·,-:-' '-'" P'R,E!CA,U1T,I'ONS FOR '-,~,I,e U'.. L--·1 T'iL.' 'S"· 'T· -V,',:-0', I'A:·'· ' -' ,0:","', I,
,'I

'T]ROU,BILESHDOT,ING'

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, ..

23·'
',1

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25
L,., ..I

~'5'

SECTION VII:
:F!IiGU,R,E 16'-,1, F'I,(}'U,R,E 6,,-2, '.
,II;

APPENDIX
MO'U.JsrT'I..~'G, I,:N',ST:R',UCT'IOl1lS FOR t ~l.OD'EL 1,176,LN P'E,AK LIMI.T',ER, MOD:JBL ,3, 0 1 S'CH:E~]A,ITI,'C
1 1 ,

2- 6'·'.-

DIAG:RAM

2'·"-7"
•• ' •- J •~

- : 1 - \." ..·DU:_ - - 1,'1 I,NT,R'---0 - --CT.I,OH1'., _. .:

.L:JI F II G;:-'U-I'R~"iC!1 1-,-,1- ,,",

. " ",' II'
"!I!'

Th,e ,Mod(!:,l 11,7 6,L:N Pe ak Ld.md, t.e r' Ls the mos,t, 'wi,d,ely u,l5,edl dev Lc.e iof ,i,ts 'k,i:n,d'. S,ince ,ite, ,i'ntr.'lod,u,ct,ion in th,'! l,at,€, ~60 IS" ,t:ho,usand,s have 'be'ie:n :f'or' ,apP,l,ication,E; which re'q,l11ire ,p.r'e:c,i,s,e f ,a'u:t,ol:ma't,i,lc~ control of pe ak s,i,g),nal, ,l,ev'el:s Ln r'B:c:o,ra"i,n,g' stu,di,o,s " dd.ac :ma,sti@,r,i:n,g fa,ci,l,i,ti,es" bro',a,dc,a:s,t :s,t,a,'t,io'n,s" aound :r'ei'o"f'or'c,elm,en,t i,n:s,'t,a"l,l,a,ti,o:ns" et,c. COln,-' t,i:nu,i:n'g' e:'vol.'u,t,io',na:ry' dev'eliopmen't,s, 'have subs,tan,t,i,al1y !c~h,a'nged, ,t:h"e: Lnner ..'Po,-··:··,r s of t"'h'-" e"'" 1-1'7:,'6."--' ~,Q'r'::_'1:i' 'ii:!I' b- _, u, , t-'h·· C!!'~I'mg e.-···x-:'-'c···· · -',k.··· ~a , .· ~ll~'n···t" p:-~r·-'f:=o··,~a .. ·'n··,~e·-·· L '.,,-,,1,,'"'_ "';:. .. . Lnc . .. , ..e·· ,~,~ common 'I, to- al-l- un i.t.s s-t:~r-·-'t1-'i'ng-- '!I:"·"1 t-h· numbe'r '1_.'1 y_li __':.:,1 I:_",' ..lI..'1 '~" '_,' ',. "~' 1-':-',_ ~-,_ (I W, I 1,11"'::::-',1 1

,..Ii:;

I,.

.JL,

~!

i;I!

'..

,I

:...-._,,~,".

..'

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~.

-"

1,''II't···
ii

I.

Iii::!! U.

,., ~

....,

,~

~':_-',

~,

'__

.!I..,~IL','

,:_,,-,~

.-

,..,IJ,;; ~

~!~

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,'I :_'_,~. ~

<_,I

In 't,h.'e 1176,L;N,,. p',e,ak, 1,i,mi"t."i:n'9 Ls aClc~'om"p,l,i.sb,e'd, b,y ut"i.li,z"in,g an PET as a, vo,l"t"ag'e~ va ri.abLe 're:si"s,t,o,r'l) ,1\ unLque 'C',i:ric"u,i.t pezmft.s se:v'er'9 1 ,i:m,i.'t,i,:n'g' 'wi,t,h,out ,ad,d,ed d,i,,~,t:ort.ion, a nd t.he ,c!om"pr'essi,o'n, ,rat.,i"o m,a,y bole: op t Lmd.z ed fa,r' vazLous pr'oqr'am m.;a,t.,e:r',iial,;s
'!!'

,A,t,t,a.'c·k,.i:me Ls ad just.abLe f:rom, Les s t',han, 20 'mi C!J:'O'S, eeonda 't,IO t 8,00 m,i,c~ros,econdl:s,. Th.. f'a,s't, atrt.aok t,im,@' i,3 i,n,de'pen,de:nt ,of' ,progrr,anl e peak f:rec.][ue'ncy o!,r du ra't.Lon , U's,in,g ,t.:h,e' 't,o,n,e burst; m,eth!od" ,a, ,5,0 k,H,z, peak ,~I~'~,I:I, f"-'ully ii!:'!Ita·'b1i'111·z~d-:-~;t ct,'·· th'e 1·11Iii'm1~'t-~,,,.!3 "Icio;\~ ' ,.;j¥1 '''ti;'f1'~'-t--h'1~n 1 1~:ZIC,',~., ]_'I'S 'lo"v.o.l-:ovoLe I-'!~'g.,~ 1 I ,~'. ~,-,J Ir;~I~'u, .,1,,1 ,'_~_, 'J!,'~,Ii;'. e , '~I,~, t-- 'm" '~i~, a'···· 11 ~.,Q, lii""IIo····:··,n·- 't'- n··'ul O":",'U'~ aLy ·~'d,'--]" t.a..-' b·-·:-l~ .... .. 'U'~ s 'o:···'n··..· t-'h""~' f r on t' 'P:'-"'a"':' n· .. ·,B.l f:'~r':Q····m· . ~,~~=-. ~,_ ....::.." r··e-"l-Qa·· ,t,o'~ 50""'ml~lll~~~~lo-n~'d'~I~1-'1' s·~·e~'~o,n,d~~ =--=. ...' _
,=-.,_';' ~ _':._'_: ,I I.',
I~I-'
. , ... -" ~ .'.-_:~ ~I .

'1"1'
=--=1

I~

_.:_. Q .."_',_ ~ __

.... :_ _ ..I",

~'I , JL'_,_I,

'-:

-,'_','

", __ ,~,

• _',

~,,,.

,,_,~

.:_-._.

I'

I~

Iii:'iii,

,"_,

I,ll

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1~1

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La made t.o i,n,t,erco,'n:nect t"w'O 1,l'1'6LN Lli,mit.,ers ,for' ,those ap:p,l.ic,ati,on:s, wh,ere tWOi ch armeLs o,:f p,rogra:m ma,ter'i,a,l ar'e pr',oce s sed , and 't,h!e:'bala:n,ce of' th'E!,s"e audd,o channe.l.s must be m,a,i'ntain!ed '.' Th,e :s,ig':n,al 'wi t'h, the, ,larg,er pe.ak ...... ,t,o'~'p,ea.,kamp Ldt.ude 'w,i,l, 1 oau ae the, aame amount; o,f' 9,ain r'educt"i,o:n, Ln bot.h 1,i,m,i,t,e,r's, For' this mode of
,~!

P'ro,v'isi,on,

operation, the accessory Model 1176SA Stereo Adapter is required.

-1 ......

12
,

.,'.

.,

_'·

2 0 'kohma , u,sed as b,a.. Laneed

1 1

Lnput, ,

10 k6hms,
'l}ii"ll iL:'~

( s Lnq Le+e nded ') Lnput, ,

used as unbalanced

'VI-"MUi,~!ll ,- 'li.j'P - LE"ii 'I ,J.:~ ".,-UT VEL -1 .'. li.1

1
_1-1

",',,',,"1:

1_

':

+20 dB maximum (Ref. 0.775 volts rms).

til
.:

'fiA' 1¥.'It\._

7\·X-·-,'"' '-I ~ I'iIi '~:U-1~,-JlI G."-:')A':'I·' 'N-II' J\lr .' '~ II',~-I.'~. ,
I J ":"1 '1' '_ l ~ .•:

45

aa,

±l
'," ,.....
,-:,1--

en.
'C'C-

:F,REQiU,E,NCY

RES,PONSE:: - '_' ._!!!i O'U"IT' _IP/"U,'T ..

+ . I'" 1:::...::.dB" _

. '-,.' .. , ",' --, 20 20 ," 000'. H,z, I '.... '

11

-T· O"IU\·T··p-'rr~''U " ,L

LO' 'A"""',D'
,I, "', c.:: 1

'.
'.

,MAXI,:M,U'M, OUT!PUT ,LEVEL: T'O"-"R"ITI"O"""N'-' IDIS"

I~ ...: .:", .: ';. ~:.. ~.' .~. I

1_. '. ': ,".:.

. "'i',

::

,5 01 Hz, 'tlQ 1,5 'k,,,Hz, '''I',i,t,h, 'r'~e'le' :: ~e'tt~·nllg~. ~~e- D -:... 1-~m·····1·t-1~n···ln at'" 1 1 ~~·c···o···n-d',~ Ur.1i3 : I(as w'it,h ,a,l"l l,imi,t,i:n,g' devLcea d,is"t!or't"io:n, '0'£ lo~w····~ ·fi'~r.'e."iq·"'ll"e'n",.c~·'Y"" 'p"'e~',~~~ 1~n·c'r~~a····s!e~~ ~"-'1~'th'f.'a~'~'t-'or, r'~~l~,e~'~o!e' t1~ml·r·~)~'
,Lles,:s, tha,rl 0,., 5'% TIH,:DI,
I 1.1:..1 I,', .
1

I.:__, _

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J

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,",

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G':r',e,Ci't,e'r' t'h,an 81, dB a,t thresho,l,d 3,0 Hz t,o 1 ,5 'k,Hz,.

T'IME~-I :; __ ', --TACI'K'- -I AT"- -.-(_:I:.L_
,_,_c-c_:

of

lim"it,i:n,g",

LI@',s,;s than 20 m,i,c:r,o,s"ec,o:nd,s :for' 1.00% riB,c,ov,ery'7 ad jlu,st,a,b"liB: +o 8,0 0 :microseioond,s, w'i th front'-, pe'.n e.··.-l cori ·'.'t'-' r-'0-.11- ~-, """",
1

-'.

"

..

'

"

'.

".

,5,0 m"il,l,is,ecQ,:n(l.s md.ndmum 1.1 maxLmum (f'o,r 63% recoy'ery''). w'i,t"h :f',r'o:n,'t., ...... ,pa'nel oorrt.roL '.
TIHIREiIS,S:'O:L,D 'v s ,Q,'.-,U-·-T' l'p'U" I-T:-: L·E-:!V-~Ec"·L'-,.
'-' , " -' " ",:__, .-- ..:__ ~. I.~I,.

s,e'con,ds ,Adjlu:sta'b;le:

compz' le':85 ion,

,-,
t

R· ,t, 1._I, J·•.

·.!II;I.I

.:=i,

I'

'.

0" ,'.
..'!!

::.... 1
,c. , .. -

's·

..-. ,,- ..- . -.··et,t.l.n,g

,

Lriput; Lev,e:l at M1D1IDum L1m1t1ng 'T'h:r'esh,o,l.id, ± 2, d,S

,-!i! i ._
Iii till

Re,l,ativ'f!
Out.put, at; T h"r is; s'h,'oI,d ''It +',110 IdBro,
1

Ii

,., , ,:., ,., '1 -.1. 20"'·12·'!!!i,1

_,~ iii' ,

-24 d:B ~ ... .:", an ': ~ 2"'5 c ["<.

-

,+ 91
~

dB'o·'-"'m'
1, ....•

.r

'2··

.·16;,',
,,:-_

d~- B--·,·
': ..
"l

I._

~,301 d,B,

'+!8 dBm '+7' dBm

:N'OrT:E:

Th:r',ou,g:h,o,ut t.h i.s

to denote

'where t'he expressd.on "d"B,'" Ls used a signal level, it is referenced to 0 dB = O~775 V rms.
manuaL.
....... , ...... -2····,··
"

··0 H'D .•., RE,' "-. •• ·",1·'1I;1I,R,.·· .'

_·.·.1',"..

1 '.·'U, . '.
0, '"

'II ,_,,~:-';JI, E':-IL"i " S·.·" .. .. ' R', 'F',~ _ li;.TIT----:

100 - 125 V:AC" !o,r 20'0 _, 2,50 vs«, 50/'60 H,E", sl'wi,tc~h s,e:l,ec'tab,l,e, ,1,8:,5:8 't,ha,:n 110 W., Ope 'r at·
- . _-~'~ .' ~ --

''[;I ''''T'I

D,.J.;;",V,

7"1 R'
-i

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I

1'1-",'!

n'g'

0'

0 ,~"I::_:

S'to'rage,

-2.'0ole: to +60 DC.,

t.'

'0.·.· •. -··.·'

+.__

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1 _:,

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C'·': ,,'.' .

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"I

:PHYS:ICAL
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I' . I" ~

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4a·':··':3~·" X· ,B·,.·.:19~.·,' mm'' c--' 'n"··,.e~_,,.··l-2 0 3-=:: mm .p·,_···,a····"

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An,y o'f' th"s :met,e:r :f'u'n,c~t,ion 'bu.t,t,ons s,w'i,t,ch ,t:he' 1.l,,'!6,LN OJSJ:,_, Th"e' d,s'v'ic"e is s,wi,t'c'h,e'Q O:FF 'b,y ,dep,r',Qssi:ng: th.e r,ed p:o'll'e:r .,wi t.c~h '-b' --tt' on
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l~ 1-17'6L - ....IN

UREI Instruction

Manual

(this book)

Two-part Warranty Card bearing the aame ae rLa I number a IS, the M,ode,l, l11'16LiN"1

The s'ysteim ;will. ope r at.e ,sati;s!f,actor,ily over a ran'ge of amb.ian+ D 't@'mpera'tur'as! ,f,ro'm OOIC t,ID +5IQQC (+3,,2,~'F ·t.o ,122 F:) ," and up t.o 18,0% rron.... , conderisLnq rela.t,iv's humi,d.ity'.

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If ,t.he ,S,Y' t em, is Lnst.atLed 9, Ln an leq'uip,me:nt rack wi th 'hig'h h .. e,a.t pzoduo i.nq eq,'u,i,pi:men,t I( s uch BJ3 po\\Her' am"p,l"i'fi,lers:), ,a,lde:lq.uate v'ern't,.i.la'tion ahou.l.d be plrioivi.ded in o,rder' 't,IO a s aur e Lonqest, component; l"if"I!. ,Als!Q'" h"-'1 1-' ,1f""II!1~·r-· 'U1~t- 'r:''\1 ~'U':ac ep ti,b I ~ t'o····: um P';'1!!! ck -u :__,-!: 11~: au 'f'f''''1-~c'1.. '~n'tly.· ah i,,01-1 de d e c h--: p' , .~,-·~fi f:r',om, moder'at.e electr,om"ag'n,et;ic f',i,e~ldls;, ,i,nsJ"t,allati.on snouLd 'be planned t.o a.void mourrt.Lnq t.he system immedi,ately adjlac'e:nt to la.r.'ge: pow'er; ;t:r'an:s,fo,rme:rs I' mo't.or e , et.c ,
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T'h.e 11'76,LN may be ope'r'a't,le,d fr'om eitb,e:r 100 _, ,1,25, V'AC or 200 2510 'VA,e: mad.ns I( 50 Hz or 160 :H"Z" s i.nqLe phaae '.) As Lndde at.ed Ln Sec,t.,i'on 2,. ,4, ·t:h,e nomd na L Ld.ne vo I tag,e m,ay' be 5,@tl@icted wi t'h a ,r'ear' parie I sw';i t.oh , B,E IS,tJRJB, 'TO' VERI.:F'Y' BO'[TH T'H,E AiC.TUAL LINE VOILITA'Gl~:" AN"D
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'9'rlo'undl.-l!oolp ,p:r,ob,lems. G"ro'u,n,d, Loops can re:s,u,l,'t, Ln hum, and buzz Lf a si,'g':nif'ican,t pot.erit.LaL di,ffere:n,ce 6(xi,st.,g b 6:twe"e:n the: A.C, 'c,o:nd,ui,t g,r,o'u,nd, and 't,'h,e gro:un,d,ed, mist-aI, encLos ure in wh,i,ch t,he ChIBi,Ss,i,g i:8, "f'-, le-::x,,:,'·-pl::-.e·-_-·r··-:1~1J· iC:-'--e" orie mav l~h':-f'le'-I~lk:" e-:' f' o r t--.'h-·..· e··-··- po s S'·"'·1,0; bdL ~t:--'y'·:.-· 1;, n:'~'t-,a-lle~·~I.. r- -, -, hum ,--~, _Y". -, -'~'~---. _.-- ,', n '.- ... d -_:, _.," ~ o<f' 'g'rlo:und, Loopa b,y uad nq ClI, 3-,pro'n'g' to 2-p,roln'g' ,AC, a,d,a,pt@r b'etw'e'en t'b,e powez ooz'd and t,he med.ns eru"pply, unqzoundd nq the AIC, p.l,'U,'9' tempo,ra,ri,l'y. 'Th,is unqrounds t'h,ie 'Mo,d.. el 1,1,'7 6,LN'" arid may ouze the, 'hum o r 'b--::'-u~I5"'z"-: - 'but; 1~'~ no't, a si-'UI'b·-,;-~t'-'1'!l t' U' t:--'Ie·~·· J.",.--.JI!., p":'r"--::_',o':' -'Ip''--:e';__:'' r:'~' ~I'y'··',.-"s·· t--Ie'~-'m'''''' Ir-··---;iO:-···u·n.,d·:'ll.~' n"·'g-··- Be ~'O:-"'P' a',wa,r_e:t:h,at u,:n,l"e,sst,he :~!o,de,11,1,76,L:N' Pea'k Lim,i.te,r ,i,s AC, gr'!o'u"nde!d, ,a. .s"C!,fe:ty ha,ziIG,rd, c,a,:n ex"ist., U;:R,E,I a,lcce,p1t,s no ,r,es',p-o'llsic"i,l,i,t,y' f'o,:r 1"e~9,a,1, acrt.Lona or for' ,di.rs:c:t" ,i:nc,id,e:n't.,al or c~,o:nslequ,e:,n't,ial d,a,m,ag"es t',h.lat may :r,esu,l,t, :f'rolm v i.oLa't.Lon 0 £ a;:n'y ,el'8ct,r,i'cal codas '.
I

C;oid'8S the 1176LN ,is, aupp Ld.ed " .-·1l t' h·" ,a~.·· t--'h--'r, 'e-:'e--"""""'h.:r"iiir·-'11ii:!ii; '-I'D,D" I a,~ .-l!e: - \,.,..,___. C····- ~£:!I"t--y··, . .........n...-·'n-···I~C'-··-·t--,:o-·--r- t'_-"_~ g---Ir:-'o' - :'-;01' o·.-·,'~_,_,~~, .-,- ., 'he '----~' md.i, 'n'-'g':- -,_ p' Ln 1••0'··.,f=-' T~.:'r.-h;.-··.1'!',.•eh..· c· _,_ La C':: onneot; elQ, tlO t'h"e ChIBlS,S"is. ,I,n aome ,in:s,tall,a",ti"on,s 't',h,i,!;, m,a,y' Ic~,r'eat,@'
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LINE VOLTAGE SWITCH

UrrLe s s a, tag 010, th'8 LLne cord sp'8c,i,f.is:s ,ot'h.'erw,is,e, the, IV;I,odel 11,'7'16,L:N' w,a.~s, s'h,i"pp1ed r'e:aa,y ·f,o,r· 'O,p,er'at.i.,on 'w',i,t,h nomfnaI ,1,1.5 'VA,C power' maLna , :In, o:r,der' ,to chanqe ,t,his :fo',r nomi.ned ,2,30 V' 1(5 0 'Hz, air 60 :HZ,')', ::;,l,id,e: th,E) V'O,L:T',AG:E, S,EI_IEC~T'OR :s:wi,t"ch on ,t,h,e r,e,a"r pe.neL t.. ,t',h,e o T''1'Ji.'.,·-::- :---V-'0''-"-'1-1 't- '~g"e-"-: 1'!1 S_: 'V1'" I~,,':,'-b--'1-1 e l'i' n : .~ '··.·iiIio;,·,:___!_.w 0'1··7 n ex't, 1'---,--: to-he'..•.: s1::ii;:r'1· .1e s1 "~I nd 0--',-t-;i!""'!!h23 0 pos f ·t--l--,il '•• n ,~~_ ...• ;~':-~=-:-" <"'.:.:-"~." •.. _ ,.'. ~ ,:.'.~.:,~,.." '·W,I,I.,~II lS, 1 ot. .' B,e aure 't,IQ c~ha,:ng'e t',h,e: fu,s,e: to, the, 'COI,rrs'ct va Luer 1,,/8'-amp 161,110..... bI en ch.~,:-.·.: 1"1' 'n-·,g.-··,' to',-"-' ,"2.······-·3-=: -~,- ~r.,:-·'~"t1i!!1'_-___', ox 11 /.-.··.-:,4·-··-,-a·."·m--·- sL o=b Lo .so··-···-·r-: 1115"--·' 'V"''_'-'- 'n·lgr.' op ._i_, ___ :_. ._-_. 'U"" ',- O-"-'In'" ":- ,----'---_,' -_ ._~_,:P- ~,_- :-._- :_:_-':____- J..,.-=----.,_ _"_"-_-' !ope,rat"ion. A ama.l f s,c:re:'wd,:ri,v'@:r ahou.Ld b,e: used to move ,t'he' r',eic~e,s,s,e"d,
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connected to a high impedance 'r"'0: -U,1,·,,. we', ,recomm,e,n,.·· .-,-.."'-- "',.:-'.-.' __.-__.' " 1"-""-'--(1: sh .-,-"11_ ..·.:",,~ 't-_' g,'.I.un ·t-· ..1"n,g t;'h--'-'- n +,n and uC,O'~4n out.put; 't.ermina.l:s ..,I.le t '--.-- '.',' ~or ,'il W~, -th-' ..- ,a, 6···~·2·······0.... o_,_m, ."-' '.... "-'-' oh '----- 1~1/'-'- "2':, .wa tl '-,- res,1.S rt;-'-'.,' ,.-, . '.... .'__'.. Th"is aaaur es opt.Lmum Loadd.nq ,
i

:1£
'e

,t.'h,e: 1~lod.!e:l, l17 6,.L:N·

~ -

out.put;
iii '.'-'-', .. '
.___:: . I'·

is
-

I"""~

!Ir."

,c-

C.-

(1]1

(,6'8;e F'i,gure:s

2-1

and

2-,2, on, t',he: f'oll,ow'i;n,g

,pag'E!

:fo,r' ,recom:m,en,dle,d, c~o'n:nelc't"iOln ,p"roc:e!d,'ur'8:s: a.nd S'Bcti.!o'll 2 .. 61 :r'8!g,Q.rd,in,lg'Lnput; 't,ermi:natio,n ..)

±~'C- O"::-°a.
MODEL 3 0" IMOUNT "NO; HOLE,S
1

" .III

co:.
1 ............

=1::
iiiiiii!lI ..... ~

o
.

OUTPUT'
/'

.....

'-

.......... INPUT'
....< ..
.

S'TERE'O ADAP'TE,R'

<0
.

, O'PTIONAIL ...

',F",I
I

G':"

iU R, ,E: .. "." "

! .

,? _, I=-,. 4:.,

"C, lIXl'N' ""'[;;1i 1.:,I·ll.;~I.··'·'.ril:··'

CO .. C· TIN ,:_:'G'- T=-H' '1\1-0''D"E"I ,11 7" 6' L1L~if W. .J--,-T'R'" ':.__,.··.".L~I_' , '. 1'I!.."C· E' D ' ".~ 1"~','<,""'" L ... .. ' .• :I ,.:_. B' ALA' '- :INPU'T ,Al~D B,ALA~NCE,D OI'UT'PUT C,IRC'UITS. '*
"[;!II

c: ...•..

±
MODEL 301
MIOIUNT,ING HOLES,

OUT1PUT' GRD COM

INPUT
COMI

IRCA .... VPE Y C:ONINEC'TOR

'11'16 $,A

0'
.

o
.

0)
I
.

STERE,IO OUrTPUT .
AID'APTER

FI,G'UR:E

2-,2

,!!,

CO'NNECTI~lG' 'T:H:E MO'DEL 117 6:L,N

1

I,'l.\TPU'T' ANi:D UN,B"ALANCED

OUTPU'T

"J'IT'H 'UNBALANCED CIRCUITS. ''if

*'r.T1~ t"-h "'Ii _ " '..':

·:::-:-' .. U'6,. ·e···t'-,I'h=--'e': "

a 'b''_..: La_'-._.... ~u "'a' _ . n' c

.___

Q .... '111

1" ._' '...1_"... _ np ·,~u't

,.-c: ....

an a'l unb "Ia" anced 1 ""_

c_ ~,

!,

.. " ~.

0....'."U--Itp'-"U".. 'rt, ,f ". I,~ .

-='.' ... ·lr··-'I·o·· .. ·'-~·'"r·-'1'"··t···::'C c,o,n,ne~,· ,1,_n~, :. 'g ,...-,. t--"'"d·· · .. ·11~t~·O"..-~ ,... app_p,"L =-a . e ,...-._ su ....... . ga,!8, e_y bv
",'

o:-',-r'-' 'V':" 1- ,c·"e·-,'v· :'e-' r--~~ eaoh ... a_ ave s.,aco o f t'-'h' e ··'b,:-'~~I·
1
t. ,-, .. "

'

.'

-'.'

'

.' .•

'

,t;;L :;'

I.,

diagrams.

No special switching

or transformers

are needed.

'

2 ..,,-6
1.1~600 ohm c!,ir'c~'ui,t,s II'
__
. .

,A.'u,Q,i"o e:ngi,n"ee:r'i,:ng' had,

i.t,:s,
,I
["I .

')'.:g -r'"e'" ar···'-r''''Y'' -o''I':r'e'''r~10' f'-'r om 't- eI epb n e ,t'- :r' an sm 1.'" 'S'- iO'1'II 0····:n ·pr' ac t ]..'i .... 'iliit. L, >_~__ L'O.'D'g aud i.o 't,r'a"n,sm,i,ss,i,io:n 1,i:n8'18, l,i'k,le th,e:i,r vid.,leo IClon:n't,erpla:rt.s" m:u,st b"B pr-operLy sour-ced ,f',r,om,and 't,e:rm,i,n"B"t"eid, Ln equipme:n't, 'whi,ch mat.e'he s 't'h"e'~' cha 'r,'·a··, tl~r· '1- ,~'-t"; ,Oi""" 1'~mpada '1't or' ,...... ..ij ',_!__ f=: opt; 1~mum '"f='r' eq uen c····y,·': ;',e,-.:,C!!I~,''Ii'''III'C!le-': r an d ._ ..... nod.se :rejle'c't,-~,on ,ar',e t,!o be a,'oh"iev'ed.,
~.

1(. tioget',her
"¥'I"~
'. _ I

"1'"

rcud
., I~

roots in ,t',h,e, 't"ele,ph,one 'w'i,th the,i,r' ,preldece,s,slors"

.'
'_"

i,:ndustr'y, 11510 0' ohm,

1
,~_'

arid
__ _. _

..

..

t" 'S'
. ',.
. _.

III

~_~
_

i.

I~:·~.
.

.:

_.

1'"1
..

'-,

'

..... /-

l_,

_.

_'

I..

,I~

' .. ,:'

.....

..•

•..

~-:-

_.

'0'"

.!.I

J.

...•

[._'.

:..•

'f~,I.I

.._.~.

.. ,

_~<7":"~~

_','

J.I

__

._.,>

L.

I~

...

__...

I~_

r'!I ~~' 'W~~!II!

_

'_-'.',:'."

"_

'-:

I__'

~,_-,~

__

"~.'.L","",",

_,I,I,I·.~·.,:,_,Ji.,iII.'!!i;,,;.~,,¥"ii, ...... ,~,

......

:..,_,,1,_._

"

,:__ -'~',=-.:""

"'

..

_'_'.'

--.'

~~_,;Ii,,;Ii;~'.,_,':'-.::

tech:n,i'que:8 are Eliot, 'b~'u't~1~~m~~p'-~r--'a-c"~1~CI~1 m'o'~~r-'n" re:·~o'r'd'1·nln ~t-'Ud1iO':~ _,w_l_· ~l.~ct~h-"~L'n-' I'I,.·U,'~·,·" ,:";"._~""3 ~."".'" , O-n'·'l'y" 'u-n'n'~~e-'es~-r-y~ b~oad~~;;t st~dios· ~nd- ~ther loca.l· :syst.e~:s wher~-t.~a.nsmis~i~n
HOlw,eve:,r,
:I.I·~~.·~·,a·:

·t,ra'ns:m,issi,o:n
'.:,1. , " '.'

Li.ne t'h,!eolry
I··,

arid

.'

" .. ·,IL,.,

,o';f~ n~'~e~'n~'t'1~v':ie-"'f'~e-'''d'''b-aic~'k-~ "~'r'~u--~tr-y~' l Qio~'11~d:;-~'ta't~~ ~l~~~'t-r-'o~·n-l.~~'s ·a-n"al "-'-:;I;L '. '.:: ',-- a m"·,o:·~:,~le·,-·r:..-'n' audd o amp.l, 1'li f~i,·e·r~, and o·:···t,-,h·-:c··e:-·r-''~~g.·:·:I·n-la··.l p·,r: ..... .. -,O·····.c··.·'O ess -i1nlg.ha,-:,'s"· pawned u. d,evi,'c,es, ha'vin,g s,ou,r,ce: i,m,pe,dan,lces, 10£ ,onl,y' a f'e.rw' ohms '.' ITh,8'Y a:r'9: e,sse:nti"a,l"l,'y' i,'nCli:ff,ere:n't, t,o Load im,pe,d,a,nc,es and 'by' va,rY',i:n'g t'h,e,i,r' otrt.put; cuxxerre ~-,nv'e:rs,ely to, ,ch,a"n:g"B:S in Load impe,d"anc'e" maLrrt.a.Ln ,t,h"e aame out.put, vo Lt.aqe i,nto, any Lead im,ped,an'c~@ above a r'lated mi,:n,i,m,u'm, wi tb, no ohanqe Ln ,f're,cluen,cy ,r'espo<nS8: M,o;st :ne:w ,des,i,gDs, 1(, a1 ,1, 'Cl,t URJE,:I) 'h,a.ve~ 'hig:h, Lnput, im,pe:danc:,e 't,o' a,l,l,ow 'U,se w'i th va rLoue
~·d~I'v:~e'n"t~· ~g,,~,,,~ '......
.I.~ ,I.
__ .. _._ ." gl ..•
I I

C'11'r"
,-

-1'-

':--'''-1-

C'-="11'111'11 c:~r' t--' .

~I

'~"~':'-

,e'-:
...

~,¥I,

~-~,,~,'1'1 d ,0';;·m·.... ,I.I':"'_"~ '-m,·:_·o·····,r-:,G ~

:.. , .,'.'_:.'~ , -.~I':' :,"-~ , .....•.

..;b.'·h·-·a'"n·-·I ,~. gv···'·:,·~"""a· '11 ..·

i~ .... , _.:.....,_
I~]~':

a:udi~
:·.~.I,!. .:._..~
"I
'.'1 :...... .._.,

I,,,

1:3;,

~JL

'h-'··· 'U"'In" U, ..... .~I'r·"·e~·'.~,~,· -,..-....· ,t; ·e·..··e.. . I, .Iy,

.~:..~.
'~'~.''-'''_'

f'

1.!
'~l '.

n",

1-

,!If:i;'nlig='"'t··-·h·, .. · ~.I,Ji. .
~~'} .....,.
-I~'

.!.

'Th'
! ..

.1-1 e····:,
I··l'·. ' '-'.1

'.. .'.

:._

.'.

'.1,'

....

!~,

~"~

'¥; _-".
~l

III;J :'_., :____,_

.. "

1-

[~I

.,.-,1:

--:~j

'¥

1 ..._,

',.':___ ...."_,

. ·,.. ·_· . ..

L,

I.

••

'."~'"

~"

'1

,-

I~

.......

I~""".

•...

,"_:

_I

~I~,

:... . .

,_I_".

.'

..•..

_.'w.I_

..

,_",~

'.
'

,I)

source impedances.
s,yst,ems" ther'e,fore" 'ut"ili,ze, ,ampl,if'ie,rs ,a:nd ot.her ac t.Lve dev'i,ce:s wh,i'C~h, 'h,a:v,€! v'e'ry Low otrt.put; dmpedanoee and 'hilg'h, (,1Q,K +o 50K) Lnput; imped,Q"D,!C8IS!., ITh,@'se pr-oduct s may ,t.,hus hie ce scaded (op!e:ra'ted Ln tan,de:m,)" o'r' many Lnput.s :m;ay' 'be cormeo+ed 'to' e, sLnqLe out.put; of ,a" prec eeddnq devLce, 'wi,t.'h,out, ,rega,rd t.o Lrnpedanc e III matc:'h"i,'n'g lUI. Swi t,ching', ,pa.'t c.1hi·n,lg', e,t,c i s si,m,p,l,~'1-,f'i'e:d, beoeuse III,doubLe Loads ' and ~~Iunt,e,rm,i:natled b'u,gab"ooB aze Eu;se:nti,.a,ll:y' s:,lim,inate,!d., n:F,lo,2)rt"i:ng' n (-' U' .. n··:··.ig ..·..,r'IO' n" dO: ed •.'. ")1 't; , r -'0:-'. rnh,e~ '~' c.,,··!ll· .t,p·.:...':,.t'; s: 'm' n' 1~i . ll. .11 mll'1~ ,z,··· g r' ound ...... .~. ,Ie: ..',', ,11',r '0.b·1Am~'. .• ..•• ' .'··· ;~',n·,-'d, w _._ dli ff'er'en't"ial 't,r,a,ns,fo:t~Ill.erles"s Lnput, ci"r,cu,i t,:r'y (or input. 't,ran,;s:f,onn,e:r',s ')1 d···· -t'" - -. f"':"· -. ,- 'h h .. '" ,·.···e ,1.,nu.'uc~eIU, .,:3 . ...:3 ma.na.ma ae common moue 'nO ,1:s,e or ,1,n-- e:r',_e,ren.'cs: -. 'W_,1,CJJ 'm,a,y b'" Lrrt.o the: ,i'nte:r'c~ol:n'necti:ngr W',i,res, oz cab Le.s , ox pz oduced b'y di:ff'ere:n't.
,~410s't, mode rn aud.i.o
l I;

~~I

!" ,_,'_._ .' . '_. ",''_ ..···'UI __ _ ,¥.

'.

._,L"._ ,e·

I '._ . ,!ii:II f" nl··· ,~, _

._.

"._.Il.,

'._

' .. _ ' ..

.. '

'_'

._

,."

'"

"

._

_.)

..

. ,..

, 0.·--:::·'10···;, PI'··' "', ..... _-:

P-I ,~.

_.

...

__

,i

Iii

--

'Ii

-,

_!i

,t

,i!!',

..

ground potentials.
'Wh:e,re: audao m,ust. 'be 'trans:m,i,t,t."e,d 't,'hro,ugh cab Le s or 'w,i:r'e pa,i,rs of' moz e tha:n se'v'er'a,l 'h,un,'Q"re01 fee't, in, le:n,g,th", 'ho1weve"r" t,r;a;nsmiss,i,o:n l,i,:ne term,i,nati,on prac,t,i,ce,s ahou Ld s,'till b'Q:obae rv ed , Th,e
!I"I "tiliJi O .....'m··~· 'w'.,·';··h-

,Mo,da:l
!iii![II ~~ _

1,,1'76IL:N 'h"a,:s, an, ,i:n.,p!'ut

I., ,:._, ,,~,, __ ~" ,:_:' ¥

",An'" UI'-IE'!'£'iI;,d··· 'u"'n'''b'' '~'la"n" c.··,~,d-- (' D······.·n·.. eo. S-_!1i1,d~'e'" g··,:·r-··"olul'n"I..:Je·,'!~ ,. .. T'·'h-··'" 1'~. 'm"a- '-k.:·e--·'D t','h-'-ile"-' v"~ lA"ILI,.J d[,ev',ic,e: ,sui,tabl,e f:or U,SE1: wi,th ,a,:n'y n.'o:rm,al, SO'UJ["'ce: i:m,pe!danc,i8, 1,!QW 'o:r' 'h"igh,., Onl,y whe,n, i"t, i,s, 'u:s,ed :fr'om, a, SOlu'rc!s wh,i!c~'h r'le'q,uir'es ,ill I"ow' i,mpe:dl,a,n,c,e t"e:r,m,ina't"i,on (:s,u"ch as a, 610QI,-,o'hm,'tr'a"ns:mi,issi,o:n 1"ine ,o:r' 0,1d,er' va.,cuum t'u,b,e Q!qui,p!m,ent) ,is a slo'u'rc,!e te:r~mination, ,r,esis,t,o"r re.q_ui, red, at, the 11 '7' LN i n:pu,t .' 6
.• ..._ .~ .. ~ .', ' '..,
I,

used in a balanced, differential

,o:f ,2,0" 10 0,0 oihm,s wh,e'n input configuration, and 10,000

im,:pedan,c8,s
1

'I.

,Ii:'!!. !~"

"

..

1iC!I'

.',

I,.

_ 8,-

'_

A-

I.'".:_ ..

cc'E;-:---"S'--::-s 0-" '-R'".'<'I'. -:I"._ .. 'I~

- :".-:.l.-.:.__>_..":

··.·)1_

"IC1' S' ·1 l:i!',.-:."'

are provid,ed a,d.j,a.,c!snt ·t,Q ,th,e ,end..:s of t,'he: I.:N'/OU'T bar-: r,i,er' s,·t,r.ip., Tll,is, a.ll.ows s,i.mp'.le: mio'unt.i,ng o:f the: :Mode,l, .3,01, arid ad,a.pt.si t'h,le li,mi.t'er t.o be~ ,co,:n:nec·ted t.OI ,si,'g':n.a.l. cabLea .f·i.t.'t.led w.ith. XLR/'QG
TwO h,Q!les ter'm11l8,t1,o'n.
!II! II

,Ad"ap,t,er' is us' ed ,to ,in't.e:rc.c,n:ne:lct t.w',o 1,l'76LN ·1tim--'1.1i t.~'r· l.!i ~ provLd ed 1:"1'1-"1t- .h '~ln-·=I I~UI":.I ..'e-~'11 -v" .dh · -,~ ·-b···:ifliI~'k-[-_:·1.1'g-' 1i';i,'lh'- 1'" ch n ,L1 'W'[i__ :··.Ul~'[ allows, it., 't,o 'be mount.ed on t',he! r'8:a:r 'chas,s Ls 0',f' 't·.h,le li,mi tar' oz a neaxby 8'u,r·fa,ce:. ITwol oab l.es a,:r'e s'u,p,p1lied. w·i,t.h. 't',he ,11.'7 6,SA. ,i!rnd are: conneet.ed be:·t',w"een t,h,e a.d.,B,p,t.e.r and 't'h,le 'tW'OI 1"i'mi t.e:r:s., F1o:r clalibr';a.t,io:n" '!iie1e S'fi!,ctio:n :I 1,1, I' O,pller,ati,:ng In.:s,·t.r··uct,io:ns I 1]' "3,-,[6,.
The
'liiiiJ

1 -"",_,,"--1"

I~

',~i

11768,1\ S,te:reo [TI'h- '.~ ad··'ap ·t_

"i:"~:

·._·

..

·~I .. ··_

~·····.:_·~l~,

.Q'!Ii"".

!_!.g

"J""~

I ..·_·.

____:_IU~I:

_.'-:1_1

I~I_:

'J

,'.·-.:I~

',A

···ll_l-l·!~·!;.···:.

n:__'_'·_ll~II_1

2- '7' 3'
_ .' ~.' ;tI;

....•

SECURITY COVER SC-2

An ,opti1ona.l ,Se"our'i,ty COlv'e~r' Ls avaLLab Le to 'co,v1er' al,l, ope':ra't.,ing oorrt.ro Ls ol.f' t"h,e M.ode! 1.,1 76LN'" and tOI .pr'o;t,ecrt ;aga.i.n:st any i'n,a,.dv'er·te:nt m"i,s,lil,d j·ustmen:t. ol,f' ,cr,i·tic,a"l se,t,ti:ngs, '.

·:··:·U' __" J IL"': ODE"RA"'" T'I'1l'T'G'" ":' 'I-'N':i'S··, L ··'R",. _-, I.'C·:·'--T-·I'O-IN·:._. '8-Ji-I I

>. .l. : 1"1'" "'.,-'_'

1_._

,c,IT'

• ," . ," .:_J"_

..

,3,. ,1
:B,efo,re o'p,er'ating' 't,he ,1176,L,:N Pe ak Li,mi,t.e:r it 'm,ay 'be' 'h,e,l"pf'u,l to b"eic!cme f,8'm"i,lia'r 'wi,1::h the, t.'h,is manua L; ~~~ 'II' 1. "Il...,~Jl p"r ~l
,il .

~1 log r am, me ,t,e: :r :1a '---, I 't'- ,...-,-r"m-" '0' ·····1,··-,··· dI'l . e,-,-J·11l',·: ogy u"s,@.c, 1n,
."",!.~:' '. '. ,. ., .'

~I

...

wne're

C'omp,resso'r:f:5, and ,Lli,:mi"t.!(!,rs, axe ,t:Y,pi,c'ally' us ed Ln ,a"p,pli,c:,at,i,Q1n,g th'B dy,n,am,ic' ,range 0':£' p,:r'og,ram 'ma,terial, La 'to'D lar'g'le t.o be

,pr'Qlce,s"se"d b1y' s,'u,c:cE!:lsd,ing le'q,ui,pm,en't" oz wher';B 't',h,e peak-vt.o-epeak a'm,p,li t:ud.'E! Ls 'too! ,l,ar'g'e for' t'he head room of ,t:,h,e, :fol,loW'i:n'g equi"pmen,t '. ITb,e two, dif':fera,nt name a ge,nerally :r'e~f'e~r't,o t,be ,d,egre'e' to which ' t,he IQyn"am.ic' :range: Ls J:IBstr'ic:,t.,8:d., Th'e ,rel,ation,shi,p ,of Lnput; l'8:V'8,1, cb.a nq Q: versus o'ut.put; Lev eL c'lh,ange: Ls call,e,d 't.'h,e:C,o,mE"r,es]"sioi,n Rati,o., I:f'" f'or examp'l.e, a:n Lncr-eaae of ,8 dB Lnput, signa"l le:v'6!'l s'hou.Ld eauae 'the: out.put; 't,() ,inc,re,,a,,se by' :2 dB" t.h,is wiould ,re'p,re,s,e:n't a 4,:: 1 m-'" .p":"r'::--' ,e' .... ,a 0"-'"' n"'" r- ..~. a- t,- 1~1
r'!II
~

0"·

[.:

",'

IJ....

:..._...:..

11Iii;II' _: .

S,

·1..~1
I

"."

"_

0,'

.-.,

'_

._.

.'

.-::

,_'

,"",

Altho'u,g'h DiD :s,t:ri,ct st'Q,:ndl,d,r',Q,S, ,e:x"ist, am"p"l,i'f'iers, w'it'h, compzes sd.on r,B.ti,o,S 0'£ U,P' 't,o, B: 1 ar e typi,cal,1.y' cons i,ld, e r e:d, +o be Com,p;rlE!:,s,s,or's"," 'while, t- .h o,~·e '!f."'71,~ ,t'-h'~1 'r·=atl-' .. · 1i1j-IO··.·.·~, b 1~' fg-:h,-'er' than , ,8~1 are' oa.l Led 'Lim!.'! 't-,e'·:,r:. I" S·-:--, By':"'. ._' th,is, de,f,ini,t,io:n" t.h'f! f'ol,low,i:ng' g,r,aph s,'h"ow:s th,a,t 't,he: Mlod!e~,l 11,'7 6,LIN can 'U'! n ~.!b, 1-""on .~, '::3i oom p''''''' es '£l!!'o-'"',rl' '0"" r(: a 11 am 11 't; -,e· ~·l.'~n··I~;O 'ha S'· com 'p'<·r....es sc'1' on ~ "iI't:. rat,i,os s"ele,cta,b,le fr'om, 4,'::,1 tiC 2,0:: 1.,
". I ",_ .1 . '_, _' '_'

Q "_.

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II

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ill

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f"

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t,he .1176,LiN' ,is th,e t.ime: Lt. take:s fo r 't,he dev'ice: to' ,resl,pond t.o a si,gr:nal, 'whi,c:'h eX'c:e:e,d,s 't'h,e, t.hres.'hol,d '. I't .i.s va,r,iabl,e" and g,i:nc,@t'h,e' ad j'tlstmen:t, may bave ,8, si,gni,f'ic:a:nt ,eff'e,ct 'o:n, t.h,e; aound Q'U!8,1,i"ty of t'h,e ,p,rogram ma,t.er'i,a,l, " a moze d,eta,ile:d deso rLpt"i,on Ls g'iv'en Ln ·t'h,le :se'c,ti,on on app lLcat.Lon •. ITh"e At.'t,a.'c'k;, Time ,of

t,ime f'or th,e ,li,mi,ter to J:'et,ur'n ,to i.-t,G, norma l gain" af,t,er th,e: sig'nal whic!h caus'ed th,@!: gai,:n reduct.Lon hae dr'opped be:,loiw 't,b:r,e~ih,old., 'Th,s 're:l, e.a s,e, t.Lme is 'v,a:riable and ,c,an, ,81,3'0 a:l,t,er t',h,le sound of ,th,€!: pr,og'I"am mate:r'i"a,l, co'n;s"i.'de:r'ab,ly,. Th"e ad justrnent.s ar e di,scnss,'ed in moz e d'st,a"il in, the: Is,e,ctio:n on
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,A,pp,l'y !a sd.ne w,a,ve: s,i:g'nal 'wi t',h, a Leve L of a,ppr'olx"im,a.,'tel,y 10 IdB, (10. 775 'V' rm;s) 't,o' the ,irlpu,'t, t~,:rm,i,n,a.l'. Tu,rn the :In"put, con+roI 'CW tiO IQ1,PP,ro,x"im,a.'te,l,'y 'bal,:f-'rot,B,tio'n". There shou l.d be an i:nd,i,c,;a,t"i,on on 't,he: VU metie r '. Ad:j~ust t'h,e Out.put; coner o.l 'un't"il 't,he Vtl' m,E!:t!er rs:a,d,s, 1.lt 0,·.·',III1 ,',;, ..·..'..· " , 'I.Aie· .- sur' e...:::l .~, n ex t- ~ ,~-!i;' •. 1 me' te ,lI1..- I' t-_ 'h·,'" e,-' ,O:·-·.·:·'U··I ,t,-,' . ~ ·na ...... ".',' ,~:!l~:a,:-,'::,- .-,Un, l'I',··'J1 th!bi.:_,~~_'_'~,' . ~.. _t,-' '. i::I ."~'-""",.,,1', ",1._11 11. ,1-, r'e:a,cl about; +4 dBPil. '
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P'ush ·th"e l'I~GR'lil m,et,er ,f"un,lctio'D swi.t!c~h.. 'Th,e VU me't,e,r ahou Ld :r'e,a"dl '1'10'1'1 si.nce ·t,he l.im.i,t,i.·n,g f'unct,i'o:n Ls ,di,s"ab,le,d (the ,A·t,tack c,on.tr·o,l knob Ls t'u:rne.d Q,FF'). :If the ~I"OIIII indi,c8'ti,o,n, has d.r,ifte,d beyond +:1, dB, ,i.'t. shou .. Ld ·b·e'adjus t.ed, ·U',s.in,ga smat.L is"c~re:w',dri.ve .. r th.is ,m,a'y' 'be doria tbr'IO'ug'h the 'ho Le Ln 'tb,e .f',ro:nt pa:n,e,l ,l,olcia.t,e·d. 'be't:w'een, th'8 In,p·u.'t. and out.put, ,ie'v'al cont.ro l,e ..
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There is no single correct setting of the controls, rather exper-Iment.at.Lon ,i:s, n,ec,es,s"a:ry 'to ,£'in.d. ·t.h.e: b'8s,'t. combd nat.Lon 10£ compres''~,l.~LO:· ..m
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1

:fa,crt.,or'y' 'tr,imm@d,

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ITh,e Lnput, :siign!ia,l is, c oup.Led ,f,r',om, t,'he, ,d"i,f:fe:re:n,ti,a"l a.mp,li:f,i,er ,t:hr'o'u,gh th,e: I,:np'u,t LeveI corrt.rol. t.,o an nL~~1 se!ct,io'n ,co,ns,is,t"i:n.g of R,6 as the ser Les el,@rm1en,t and f'i,lel,d'-effec't. tr.',a"n,si,;s,t"or 'QI,l a s 't,h,e~ v'o!ltag:e'v'iar',iable ahurrt; e,l@:m,sn,t (V'VR)I., B,a,low' t.'h.'f!: 'th,r's:sh'ol,d, ,o:f' ,l,imi,ti'ng, t'h,e s C' s,-",·t a",:"r·'-"t JL'i'l nq -t'-' VV"",'R'·': 'ha e :~, 'h- ,';;g'.-,: h'" 'iI"""'e·s"l.!!! can C'· e:' d..·:U-'~, t' 0:", 1'1 t~' q--"U1~' '~S'" c eri·t' b'>'1 e". '1~is 'r"" edu ;-n e d - ,~'~, 'U ~'111~n-''g",' t'h·"·B'-" V,' ,:"V' ,',::' R·,',· -r' . n, Ls .an ,ii""'ii11e"', t'h'-- 'e:__' -to' .h '-r'" ~·hl 0'-'" 1- d P '~I :n-·...· ,t' '-h"-" ,e"', b:::-:,' Il.. " tiO clecr'iease~., 'Th,e r'at:e of chanqe of 'bias I' as w,el,l, as 't,h,e~ th,r,s:sh,old, pod.nt; , Ls oont.r-o l.Led biy t,he 'Ca,mpr,es,si"o:n Rat,io' puahbutrton swi,tch,e:s'i!
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T'J:',a,n.si,;s'tor':SJ, Q,2"
'Q,3

Th.'e ;si,'gna,l f,ro,m t'h,'8 out.put; cont.r o'l Ls coupLed t.o t'h,e out.put; amplif'er c:o'n,sis,t,i,n,g of 0 ,5, t.h,r!oug'h, 09 and !a,si,siO!cl,i,at'e!,d componerrt s and 'henoe to ,the out.put; tr,a,,:ns ,fo,r,mer' TI,2.. ITh,i,Ei, c',ir'c'ui t. uaes a, spec,i"a,l tr'a:nsfor'm,s:.r id,es,ig:n,e,dby 'UREI for l,c,w phaae s,hift,., :fla;t, r eaponae
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exce.lLerrc

over Load cb"a.ro!c,·te::r'i:s,t,i,cs.,

amp,lifier r'ece:i,'v'e:s its Lnput; sig:n,et"l fr'oiID a VOl 1 't., ,a,lg'e: d,i,'\7',i'aer' at. the out.put; of t,he ,pre:am:pli'fi'e,r '. Th,e' :Eli!gn,a.l f',ro'm t'h,e d,i v'i,der is s,iele'c.t,ed, by ,t.'he Compr ess Lon Ra,t,io p,uishh"[.1,t, 't.OI n swi,t,ches., Tr'ans,isto,:rs,
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on the: fr'o:n't, parie I VU me:ter' b;,y' meaaurLnq ,t:h €!: 'b,ii&S, 0'0. ·t,he VVR.. F.i!eld ....... ',e,ff'e:lct tr.an.5,i,sto'r· Q'.II, :p:r'o,v,id,as an i,mpe:,ua:nc"e tr·s,:ns,fo,rm,Ia,·t,ion :fr,om, th,le h,igh impe:da,:n,ce.: 'VVR oi,ia,s -'h-11 d' '1 l~f'I' I .i.ne to ·t"I·:"e :re 1 ,a,·t,1v',e,.y II ow anpu t· 1,m,ple-~,a:n,lc~e'0,f" ~ o"pera,t1"o.n,a,.~L. am.p.~L.i.·~l..ier Ie 1,. Zero 'g'a,in, r.'elduc~t.ioln, Ls i.n,d,ic,at,@,d 'b'y a qui,'Bs,ce::n,'t c:u:rre::nt t.hro,ugrh. t.h,e 'W m.e't,er'., 'Wh.le:n, li.mi t.,in,ig oocurs " and th,e ·V'V~R. b,.i,a.s Ls reduced , the. cu:r:r,e:nt Ln the 'VU m"e·ter' is zeduced b,y' an amount; c'o,r:re:s,pon;uing to' ·the amourrt, ,O ,f' qa.Ln r'edu,ct Lon " and th,le n,leed,le
i ii! Ii I i -i

Gai.n. r'e,d'u'c,t,i"on Ls Lnd.. icat,ed

deflects downscale.

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Tw'o' .i:n,d[,ep,en.,den.'tl.y' 'J:,e'g'ulat,ed, ·volt.a,ges are sUlpp"li.edl 't.'c ,t:h"e c,ir',eui,t.r'y of ·t,:hie 1.. 7 6'LN;, +.30 VD,e and ...... 'VDe. 1 ,1,0, 'The AC 'main,s vo,lt.ag,e is con n~'"e"'c'··-, . e···--:A t- h~l_r----' "0'-'''Ii'"IIg-: 'h t-,'h:" l it: .cu. 'f~'r-"--:':"'n' -t",' p'-i~n'-' '_e L ,]I!:'!!WC:'11~ £""iii""'Ii"\.... a 'S' ~',t:!i;m!---b·--·ly·'-··· ·w-·,·h:,,·· 1~ ,;i!""llih-, a '1 ~'O··· ~ ~ Leo ,t s 11.1_, ,:....,1,,, !,!I;;II.,_ '. ·t,he :metler f'·u,nc,·t.,i,'o:n I. 'Th,I@!: 117'6:L:N' ,i 5 awi t.ehe·IQ, ,ON 'wh,en any 0 £ 'l'he: m,e.t,e!!:· f'un'c't,.io:n 'b'ut't,on;s Ls d,e,pr,ess8,d .•, Th,e posL t.i've~ vo,l·t"a'9',e Ls l"e'g'ula.,t.ed ·t,hro!ugh VR,l,f an.d, a,dj'l1ust.,e,d t!c t'h'E! 'C'Q,r,r,ec:t .. 1.,e'v',e of .30' vO.lts 1. w'ith RBIS.! The: :n,eg'a.·t."iv,e 'v'o,l,tage .is :re.gula't.ed w'ith. a. 10 vo,l.t ,ze'.ne:,r ,di,ollde'l CR.61.,
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··1...!i fa'·: t-'IO·Py'.~ W"'-"'~"r"'--'r-:a'"rrt.ed tl-'IO· ..· ·t-- he 10':·:.It. g>: 111' a.L p: ...··ur· ch a ser c .. 'r" n Th- ~ pz odu -c:'CC··t' l.~' a'g'ai,n,s·t. d,ef'e~c;t,s Ln ma't.,e-:ria.,l, and wor'kmans,hi,.p for' cine. 'yea.r a.."t.er f t11!!1 mi\....'1-i C!jl 11" m':-1~i ed t.r ra.. r .....a rrt, 'y-:.:-. muat; b ·e:·:a c ·)t' , 11 v.... d ~It- th'" e.· a ··'t·-[e~· '. ,JL,IJlI'1 n"'11!! a I pur-cha u.~~e··:,t.Lme of purchase 'by' retur:n,i'~'g 't.·h.e: :r·,eg'i.:s't.r"ypo,rti.o'n of t·b.e War':rant'y' C"a,rd 'tlO the f,a,c~·tor'y·,. IS,hould. a m,a.l,f'unctio,:n ever occur , th,e dee.Le r .. ',J;7h··,o·,-;··m-···· 'l.iIJ.'I'l.lli '10:" h·,~n-,d·'·Le r' e,~·,t'-urn f'~o"':r':-' .~. .._.... f-ri:::o···m·, '1n' :____ _ :_.- . t'- h·'Ie-:- un J..~' ,t w;'::'a~ p·-:··'uT-r·c-··h··:Ii C!le-"·I,d··=- 1-1 b-···Ie.=:, g··'-l-~d.. ~ nl le,a·se ca 1'1 or w'r·l..te: to - t.~_e: f~ hi -i:acto"ry' '-Io:r ,at R't u,rn f' .r " !,;:!e: f.act;or'y repa ar, Aut.,h,or',iz at. ion. N"umber' wh,i,c.h m.USI't, acc'lomp,any al .. repai.rs·. l For prompt; serv Lce , s'h,ipl the un i t, pr epe.Ld di,r'Q:c,·tl.'y t,o t.h,e :f',a,ctolry w'i.th. th,e RA on t- h-- -' e-'h- J..~! .--. e n "la'-b'el Be auz e J..~ t- 111 S .:···::re1TII-1.- ,~_,a/.~-'e!u' 1 p-' -. ok .A --,n _.I.~~~~I,1 :.....::~,~.;.., __ "n-: N'lI'm·.'bA'r V.S1ii b.Le ,>:, a srt:u,"dy' c,a.rt.on-;- .'l,th ish,oc·k-,ab,&or'b,in.g· mat,sri.,al such as fo,am r'ubber , -t'y---f"oa-'-' ... ub- b-ble__ :p·, . .--III' eo'li'il'Nl'p" A-!b's'ly £'='':;:'111 1,ng -th remal..~n1n'g' -'-ac'-ks'~'.:··r[o=-···-In p-'e'llet' S''I o:r ~_'.,-"- .- _I . _.IU '·._,:_··. ,i/·' ..~ __ ~ .. ..:·,-,~Ie ap;ac:'e~' 'P~a~r·t-1~~u-~1~a··r~ a-'t."t.·~e~'n·t~~lo~'n·1 'h'o~'ul'ld~ b'e-" p'~a~·1Id( t',o" p-~r'o:t·e~\C~t.r_Lln-~,g~'t"h"e-' s
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I ii' .

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Ev'en, if Y'ol'ur 'u:nit ,is lout of w',a,rr,an,ty', w'e reco.m..en,d ·t.h,a·t;, yo·u. re't'ur'n it to; t,h.. fa.ct.or·y for r'e,p,a,i.r,s '. Ouz eX.peri"en,c"ed. pe r sonnel , e auppoz t.e by s,pe:cial tes·t, ,eq.uipme.nt" 'will be able tO f Lnd artd e:,l"im"in.ate any prc ble:111 in 't:he mO:f5lt effi.c.' e:nt. way.
I
1

The:s·econt.ro Ls bave b"Q;e'rl! g,et at t:h,le fact.o,ry ,o,:n,d s,hou,ld not, r equd.r-e ad.juEI,tm,en,ts e:xce:,p"t aft,e:r' s,e:rv.ic:e work,. I,:f r'ecali:b,ratl.on i,,!I, :necessa.ry'" +he t,8:st proc~,edu:re: that f'ol,l,ow's sbou Ld be pe formed very' ca"reful,l,'y',I land adju:stm,er rt.s perf'ormed Ln the exact, mariner and oxde r
SP'E!C',i

fi ed •

at,ed

Be,fo:re at.t"e~pt."i,n,g a:ny ci(i,librat,io,n,s, ,f'o:r a,pp,rolx"im,a'te,ly ,15 'mi,n'ut.e,'s. T'his

'WA,RNING::

t,h,e: l,i,m,i,te:r s'hou,ld 'Die oper,avoLda sub,seq,'ue:nt ,d:ri"fti,n,g '.

Th,e ,full A,'e li:ne 'v'ol't,a.ge iJ3 pr'EtS,an,t a't, :sQ'v',era,l pod.nt.s Lns Lde th;e chas sds , Be: c~a,refu,l '1t!o avoLd pe::r's,on,al, when, ylou 'work, on th,e li,m,i,t;,e:r' 'wi,th, tb,e: cover's zemoved '.'

ahock

'The posLt.Lve DC vo,l'ta.gE!: shoul d be '+30 vol.t.s ,(:1:'10.5 'v',ol,'t,s,). Adjustme',n't ds ach i.eved w,i,th, RS:B;' 't,he' 't",es,t poi,:n't t.OI meaaur e 't:h,IB 1 e:v e!1, Ls a't, t,he c'olle,ot,o"r (m'et,al ,t,a.b) of O"B.

The Level of' 't'h,e: n,eg,a't"i'V'B v,ol't,ag'e, (,+0., 5 vol ts, ')1" and c,an,'Do't;, 'be aidju,st,Q:d,., oase of rc .1,.

s,u"pply is a, fi,:x,ed ..... vo Lt.s 10 The 't,e,s't, po Lnt; Ls th,e :m,et,a,l

'Thi"s i,:5; a. 'v'ery i,mpo,rt.an,'t par'aJl],ete::r to as:su,r'it t,h,e lin,e,ar opeea ' t,i:o,n, of t'he 1,i:mi,t,ler. 'The,:r'e,f'o,r'e, the ,B,Q,:j'u:stmen't ahouLd bill! per'fO,rllH!d

v,ery,

caref'u,l"l,y.,

S!et

th,e

cont.rols

a s fo,l,l,low,s ::'

1(,

Ral"

In p ut; ":,,,:,f"ul.l 'COl Ou.'tp'u,t ,-, :f'ul.l, 'CW' t-I:a--:c"' ,ful,l CCW' (&w'it,ch!e,d At.-' _'k--l", 0,0,1' 'ce'-' =; :f"u,ll ICW' C,omp're:s,s"ion ,Ra,t,i,o =: 20"1,-1 Mete:r' :Mod'e +4 d"B, 1\·d J'i' 'us..~[t _, eui i CCW' Q -B'=-1'~ ·_.·Jl·· int,e,r:n,a.l 'tr'impo,t,)
", .' ..... 1.
I· 'J ,-.. ~~l

't.,o' 'Q,FF pcs Lt.Lon)

-,rw;~~I

.A.~

..

··

-,.' 'iI-

""'!'!;
liiiiiiiil

_i~>

a' iii:!! ... ~,.·:_:. ~

:~.I.~·_I

....

,'-I

Ap,pl,y' a. s,i'g:na"l (,,1 'k,Hz " 10 ,dB ')1 't,o the' Lnput; , and t,'ur',n th,e: Inp'ut. cont .. r,ol, CiJi urrt.i L t"h,e W' me't,e:]:' r'ea"ds ,+,1, VU. is,,lowly tu,rn 't',he: Q-Bi,a,s ,Ad,jus,t I(R,B,l,) lelf unt,i,l a la,r'o,pi of' 1 d,B, oocurs I' ,an,dl the m,et"Q,r :r,e,a.,d,s 0 W' '. 'This p,l"a"ces, t,h!a gai:n r'e,duc,t,io':n F,EIT '0'1 ,sli,gbtl,y Lnt,o Ico,:ndu,c,ti,o!h".
1

5 3',' 3"
iii,.': -.
',.

""

!'!I!!!! ••

",,' ,"

'.

"'"

Due to ,i:ll,t,e,r,a,c:t,i,io:n of 't,h.'e ,a"d,ju,s,t:ments" t'hi:s proced,·u,r'e: ma'y h,8've, 'to be: r'e,p'e,at,e!d t,c ach Leve s8,t,i,;s:fa"c'tory t:rac'kin 9'., S,e't, ,t,h,a c:o'nt,rol,s as fOil lows, ;: I,nput ..... mid, rot,a,'t,io'n, ' Olu,tput, := full, ctJ' ,At,t,!B,C:'k := fu,l, ,1, CCW <. s,wi,tched t,o OF,P poe Lt.Lon) R,e' 1,Ie ,a, ISle =: fu,l,l, CW
I

C:o'mpre.':s,si"on Ra,t"i0' := :Me~'t,ier' M,Q"de :=

(,i"n't,ern,al

,R,54.': tri'mpo,'t.')

20: ,1, "GR,~I'I 1,/4 tu,rn fr'om,ful,l

'C:'OI

,9~·,--- ·,~.!!!:Ii·'' '·'.l_l ,aplp 1,E!:u" ,aJ,.. d·__ ]U,S,:_ 't-':._i._E!..... ·(3··-=·-·R··· 'm,el~'er,',,,'·.·~~··5 )" t...I' n_' ,=... ··..··_·1 ·,...:al ' =•. ,', ·t'h t' '('~RIS" .)'I·!O .'.~', 'VIJ., Tbi,s, ac1,j'us'tme:nt;, Ls ,a..cc·ess"ib,l,e ·t;·,h:r'loug·h ,a, sma l.L 'hoLe in pan,rel, 'b,Q·tw·e,e:n the. I,n,put. a:ndl. Q'Ul'tpu:t, contrro l.s,
1':.'1.·..

·1.·.1~1 n' .t.I-,-'.h_'·.,·_··

n·.·_,o·.·.-·.·,·.·,

1't

n.·:·

.p"

·'.,·U- ,·-.. ..

,t.',..

,Cl!i,".1'~ iiiI

, re·a,d "0'.'.,'i =·. the fr',on.t;,

Ap,pl.·y a si'gn8,,1, (1 'kHz" ,-liD d.B')I" ·s'w.i.,tc!'b, t'h.e' m,erte,r :mlode to '+4 dB, a.·n.d 't,ur'n th,e: Out.put, L,eve:l c o,n't,r' 101. C,W un+LL t,he. m,et."er.' ,r'e,Bid:s, 1110 n vu. Tlour-:n the, At't.,ac~'k ,co:n·tr'o,l, OIN (CW")I a"nd. obeuer'v8: t:h,e ,dr',o:p in the :met,er' r.'IB,ia.id,ing., Ad:jl'u:s·t 'the I,np'ut :L,e:v,el c:,ont,ro.l un'tLL -'1.0 aB is ind,icat,ie;d on, ·t:he 'VJJ me'ter·,. 'T'u:r:n the At,t,a,lck, c:,ontro"l OFF] (,C.C\'f) and re'!2,dj'u,st

Le···v t-'h"'e-' 'O···'·iu4,.'·P-·U-i',b ··ol cont.rof

I :_-:,' ',' .~: .....,I._
..

I~

r~ .....

"~

_":':'

r ",.:.,

~I

_,

1 •..'-

:l ...... ':':_ .. 1_-

.......

"_

,I

two' st,e:p,s unt.Ll th,e Control is turned ON~

·:-N,"0' p' .... _. '_
r.

las,t

';f neees se rv OiUl'tp'U.t ,d,ro'ps 1.0 IdB 'wh,en"tev'er

f,==o······:r··· UO:-c,1I
.. : .:) _ . :.... :...

VU~I'III ......
,1,_,

~, .~ _. . :'_' ."~ ',"

I:

i ] '''''-,"

.~:

[_

R··'B· .. ·p'-e'-a··t,'
•••••• :}.:_.)

"1"

".:_'

.:'_'.

__

-::

,t'h~s~
• .:_-,.:....:.,_,~~ ,', ... ~:

the

A,t't.,a.c:k

nq t-r'h-'I,e.-'c I.n-:-·p-i~>u.-.t-_ oz ·.····U'-'t--· put, oorrt.r~ 'S-,,,, ~,~:'ll ~,c·:.,t- tl--h,.·,~ ..'0:--,'11 ·'~G,R["me:ter .m,'ode and turn, ,R"SI4 (tr'Cl,c'lti,n'g' adjus,'t:ment) urrt.Ll, the: 'G'R m:e't,e.r r'e:ad..,s ,....... whe'n t.he ,A,t''ta,c,'k, 'c,o'n,tr'ol 110 Ls ON" and ,al.'d,j·u.st. a.SiS 'u:nt..il 'he ·G'R.·' m·.'·e··~···t~,~r,' r:·,e··,'~ld-;.s-. 11 '0,>I'I ·V<···'..· 'w·.·····~e:-.n'·-·'t··-·h.'-.e::::: A·~.···t;"t-'a.···,,,,,,,~, oo _._, ·:·U n_ ,Q;-·,.'.FI 'F~ ,,,,, D·,,'I,A; t·-~,o···.· .I,i . . A, ._ •. ~-r-··-.·o·:·-··l 1""IS·.-. ti nt.er act, Lo n of 't,hes,e corrt.rol.s, t.he fa,SJ,t,e:s,'t. te,c'h:ni,'qu(!, tOI ,a,d.:ju,st., f1o:r' 'b-:,e·-~Cit' t,-· .r a~·· r11iL"1..-'i< n "9s t,'~·o··, cox -r·:::,s'.:::_,......,.,'t':':-0'·-'1' y~, orie h, ~ll'l 't"-h-1. ,e-~ e..··-r··-. !o_'-:'ri:--' ·_W'~l..iI f··-' · ri-:,' t-'h'" R·:'" 5-:4~_1·. 'b'l~f'':::,o'_'-' r-,r,echec'ki·n·.g ·t'h,e: "O" rea(l,i:n'g' w'i.th the At·t"e,ok, oorrt.r oI ·t,u:r:n:sd O':F'F.,
,,'E'iiJ''''
.
iii' !II'

":"'1"1~ ·W·.__

.t:-h'-.··.Q.iU·'t',' ,_, ,,_, ,__, _

t;:-~O-I·U·· oh '__ ' '__ "_

111

JL~'
__

I·O·· •.

I,

1__

._.'

_:

'_'

_'

•••

_~ __

"

••

_'

'_

.,

__

••

'_'

"_'

'_

'_

II

1'.

_..

'_'

• __

••

'.

~..

"'.'

._-_

_.

••

_l

_I

,I_

_.

_'

._

I~

._

'_

_"

_.

_.

..

__> "_

'.

,-

"~,,,,

..

":.

I'

]L.!!i

0·':
,

.i~.

'_'.

....

',

..•

I'

t-

".:_.~,."

..•••.•..

"

'_:

_".

'-'

t"

i~

t_I~.

••.•

,t'

'

..

-I

..'

<_

'_d

'_

"~'

'_:.

'I

.__

:.,

~.

'._'

,A
~I

Several iterations will be necessary.

,CI.dj·us,'t:me::n't, ds a,cc~,e,ss,i:ble, th,ro,u:gh a. ho l.e Ln t,h,e 'f',ront, pane L (R.5!5) and 'was, aldju.s,t.e,d dur Lnq c"alibrati,o,n of G',R me:te:,r trac!ki,ng' i:n ,Se:c,ti,on 5. 3. 3,. :H:o'w',ev'e:r ,r .i,t m,a:y 'be' .re:ad j'u,ste:d w·.i.,t,'h.olut s,ig':ni:f'ican,'t,l,y ,Ia.. f,ect.i.ng f 't:he: ot.h .. coln'tr,o.l. er set,'t"i:ng;s ~ A ,sma1.1 amount; oif' dr,if,t (~l, Id,S,) Ls n,Q,rmal ,i:n t'his ,ci,:r,cu,i·t..
'Th"is

5 3"" 5·· ~..

..
'

::-.'

.'

'.J-';L\I,',,-,<, 1-'cll~,I-.' ,1,S'"I G""IlTA' '-L P····R··EA·'u·P 'LI"-N"

.I~.

"fi:7!lIA-"···.1 <'. -.

RI' T'v ,:i.

the :f·eed.ba,ek Loop ,of t.b'Q !anl,pli.fi,e'r an/a la,f.f'e:lc't,s the. op,sra.t,i'on, lo.f la,l. :I't wi,l,! ,!l,e'Yier be n,ece~,s,s,a,:r'y 't.IO pe!r'form any ,B.'djnst'me:n·t, of .R16 'unl.e:9,s :re"g,is,t,o'rs Ln this, sec,ti'on of t.b,e ,circu,i,t h.a.'v·abe:en, ,r·e.pls,cle;dl. :rf a.. djU.st·M,@n't .. is, r 8 CJ.'u.i.red I se·t. the concxo l.s ias, fo,l,low:s:
Th.is, co,nt.r'o.l (R.l'6) Ls in
I

= 'OU.'tpu,t == t-' At" .ao'k = I:np'ut

,~~,,: ' 1''I'

t,o numbe'r
-' .. ·_ll .. , f'u 1- C,f"'!I1'' fU.ll ON 210:: 1
_ ,\-;.w,I~,

fu,11

CW'

I(.·~. g

18 II on, th,e :fr',o'n.'t, pan,el £'1I!,w~.·..·~1'~ ,t-'~!,h-;-'I~ t.'o·· ·... ·O·-·'·F-' 'p ·O···:·c::!1 '1. "t- '1. o-::':-n-' .)., .ad ..
II
.~ ._
.!~

~.

,...

.-

,>,~

~l

"ICI

111

11

.'

'.'

••..

'.

gl,'

'

,-I'

_,I ..... ' ",

Re:l·e,as,e

:=:
I~

Co-'m"'pc~r·:e·····s'~1il'O.~.'n.··1
_ 1 1·,· .• ··_ '.'

.I

:_:_.

_ ._.. _'

'R;lact~l.~o'·~ ~
l .. ,_._

I.:_:_

".

,Me,'t,ler

HOllde :=

i,np,ut, s"ig.na,l (,S,'OO Hz, -301 dB) and :me:as,'ure: 'T:H:D O',E t·h.e re:,su,l,t,i,:ng' out.put, :sig'n,al,. Ad,jtl,St Rl,6 urrt.LL th,e: m,i.:ni·D1nJ:m amount; of dis,t,lor·'t.ion. Ls achdeved '.
.Ap'p,l'y,a,:n

........!!l 1-' ......

-~I_'-

The 't,r'i'mpo't R,2 is used ,to ad,:jus,t t"io:n., ,S,at 'tole c~o,nt,rol,s as :f'oll"low:s ::~

flor' maxdmum common mode ,rejec-'

Inpu't~,

to

numbex ~il'18,'I' on th,e fron,'t, pa.:nel,

(,swi,t,che:d

O'Ut',pu:t ,_,.: ,At tac~k,:= Re:l"ea:se _;;, Comp:r'ess,i,on Ra,t"i,o =: ,Me'tar ,M,oae~ =;

ftl,l,l IOf 'f'ull C'ew ,f'u"l,l 'CW' ,2 0 11 '11"G'R"11

1 1

to OFF' ,pos"i,ti,o,n,)

App,l'y a :B,i'g'n,a,lt,o 'the' Lnput; (,,10'0 HZ, -,10 d.,B,). ,Adjlust ,th.e I:np!'u,t, ,L,e'v,el cont.r-ol 'to ac!hie'v',e '+,1,0' d:Bi Ollt',PUt, ,1'8vel I' mea sur ed 'w'i t'h, ari ex,t,'e,r'nal ,A'e vlolt.me't.e:,r. connece th,e: I,il :*' 1'1 and CO:M,te:r,mi:nal,:s t,o'9Jethe:r and 'f'!E!,ecl a ,s,ign,al 0'£ t'h,e: B,a.me' Lnput, l'9'vel t,o, th,i"S c',on,n,ect,io'n and t.o the G:N[)i 't."e,r,mi,n,a",l of ,t,he: li,:mite,r ,i:np'ot.. Me:a,Bure ,the o!'l1:t,p'u't signa,l, I,evel", and ad,j'u,s't. ,R,2, f'o,r s, md.ndmum ,re:adi:ng " srW'i t,chi:ng ,t:b,le e:]t'terna,l, , 't-O"<I ¢',e:-::n--··al.~'t1~li;v--:e··- r·,'a:-,n···nre··'::_:Q Q. .:.....:..' ~'B'- r~:-.::e····q-:·ull.'; r:-e,,·d··, ·: 'b'··, e ..... : m-··,e······,i:.e':,r' moze "J.! - -,:_ !. It,L,_- s..hou..:.....:.' Id<·''_.:,.:_.._./'", po s-Q'~b:"':l~' . J .. __ _".,"...:. to o~btai,n, ,a :re,a"din,g ''b,e,l,Qw 2,.,5 mV (60 o.:B; d.'ow:n).
'_'_ .. ' .. '~I .--",". ~._ _. ~ ~'., ~I

,!~

.:_ '_

-,_,:,:,,:,.

.:._'

_I

-e .:_:

rii;l1

"?

.:_._ - -,_

-.:_._ ._

I_:_

.• :....... .•

',I

~I~"

_'_.-

-.~,

541
1 IIj . :-. _.

G'E··~j1j''qIRALI ~'" ~...'r. L'il.a;.l .••.•.

I ..
'J

and t"ro,ub.les,ho!oti,n,g' table ('T,a.'bl,e, ,5,-1) can oft.,e:n 'be: uisedi t,OI iIBOI,l,s,t"e a p',r'OI'bI,l,e~m. Sa£et'y c,on,si,de:ra,t,io:ns, out; ,l,i,n,ed, in, Sec't"io:n ,1'I ,C!,p,pl'y whe:n workin,g inside: ,th,e: d,e'v',icf!,. I,f a p,:r'o,b,lem c~a,n,not ieasJ,i,ly' be aoLved, i,t, Ls 'bilest ,to aend the, u:ni,t 't,IO ,the :f',a"ct,ory u,sing t'h,f!: pr ocedur e -,a d 5"'" ues,cr1,beu u:n~:·er' ,p,a,ragr',a,p,h '-",-,~. R'em,e'mb'le,r iii our t.e:cb:nic,.1an,s h,a:v'e tes,te:d and a"lig:ned tbo,'us,a.'nds o:f' ,11,'76Ll:lsi, and axe m,o,s't,'qual,i fie~d.
.;1
'I I
iii

IThe: overe.l I

,schem,a,'t"i,c ," c ir cud t d,esc,r,ip,t.i,lo:n

(,Sec~t,io:n I.'V':)I"

to repair your instrument.

5_·
.

,-

4···.· 1_;

."

2·.······.·:

Be caut.doua 'whe,n, te:sti:n'9' I.e, and tr'ans,is,tol,r c~,i,rlc'l1,i,t,:s. Al,thclu,ig:h ,t,he'y 'h,a:v€! ,a,lm,o's,t, uh,l"im,i te,cl li,fe wh,e:,n used pl:rope,rl'y I t'hey are: ve:ry vuLne rabLe t,o, damaqe when ,8,cc,ide:nt.a,1,ly eho r't ea, o'r c!,on,:necte,d, ,t,c i,nc:o,r',r,ec:t 'l'cl,t,Blg'e,s. Be aur e not; tiC s,h,o,rt any t,e,r,mina,ls 'wh,en, ma.k,ing m,e:,a"su:rement,f5, .. I,f' a pr,r,'o.:·b'·.·:·IQ sh ·o-.u'-Il- i.;a, ~ 111'1 p....,' - f"o"-':'ir~::~ e···X:::-·-:~i'm·'p:-·,·,l'.o·· AI eho·-·;,r:::.t·- O·"''''··,U·r . a. t':-'~~I b ..!.I as 0::',r" s·'-"'ill'1IIP:~"'p'-'lli Y · U .>" ~ ~I .· .= poLrrt , it, wi,ll, ver'y' li,k,sl,y d"a.:mag'8' Ie, II S'I' t,:ran"s,i:st,ors air di,ode~s". Do not, remove any compone'n,'t,sl 'wh,il,e t',he Li.ne cord Ls connact.ed 'to th,@: A,Cout"let.
"~ ,_. ~J •. ", ~ •• ~ ~ ..

<.,.

~l

-.'

-,

.,

--._".

=--=-

....

·.1

.lliiIil

'"I ..:.'!ll~U

!I;ilI1.'.

·.··.·1

:-

......

,.'-

~,

.->.

:~I_

.....

~,I·.·.··~

",

,:',

5- 4 3'
iii," '!Ii' -~.

Look at. 'w,ir',i:ng and ,conn:ec!t.i,o:ns,. Che:c~'k t.o be s'ur'e t.h,g,t 't,ran.,si,:!1,'t, or's, and ,I,'e II s a:r'e p:rqp'er'l:y :fitt.ed, Lnt,o t.h,e ,so,c:ket,g". .. 1· 'It"'Iii;A'1'1I n:a··'t·- '1'"' 'n····',Q,···, t".' ,_,' oubLe r .... __ -i n f"o"~:"'r"-' -r-.oa a-t- 'l'a~"r~:-"1i!:!!I w~h' oh may',' '1,0' "10" ···'-k· blur,' n-" ;iI!:!io,..ii11 I
i

all,
'Che'c'k
~,'

- -:_

--

1ii;;!I', 1.';'"' _ 'iiI;I!!_:.._

_I_, 1ii;II'

'_'_

I~ ..;,

"""",,-,_,

,-,_,_,U_ ~;

- -,

'.

':'.

"~U'

"

,I,,iLU,,- - ~':'__:_

,,_,~.~:_

,I:"

...,

::liS''~'O'<~'. "

eiated circuitry.

t_ 22'",-'

L' :11 TA.'·":·. 'p' 5" ....... _ :_.'_.B-', ."__ .!lUi, ..

•-

'T,'·R,,·,,·O···>·I·U·TB·:I:L-= " ,.>., .".

E·I.·S·-:·UO'" :·O:····-T'I-.1L l_, ,G'Ja.~.al__> .. j_ N:J •

1_

.I

ro
.

So', S: I'B--C:,'LEC-.-~
.'.' _.

C-A- "'}_"c~ U-"'-'S-:-"E_ t~

'DF~-'D"'V ~_.. l~.D!i_- . :.__'" ,L

:S,igna,l does, not; peas t.hr eugh the. d,lev'i.c,e '.'

2. Drev:iclm. in, f'ull limi.'ti.nK,.

lte.ov'e, IQ1.
paases,

l,f: 5,:1.8,·0.a1.
tOI

.f 0,:·,

Iilliil

'f' :=U,l' 1

go,

1--' ,..1JO.1. t.l.·ng

·Ii·

pro1b,lem
ill' •

3. Loose or broken wires

'between PC boa rd and fr'lon.t, panel cont.re.Ls or ba.rr'i,er st'r:ips".,

..... I~,ee. 'S···· It' i'·e.c,l_
. ''s',' .' .. _. ..,
1 ~_._

. ns l···..',··'t·; ~ll at Lon,

'1'
'' ,.,~,

.l,'on II- -, .'

,'"I" . ......

1. Li.itlng switched OFF.

2:. N',o coapreasdon ratd,o

Turn Attack control CW.

~e'l-e·,c't' d1e··1~pe···d~
" ._ '_". "'. _ , ." ~,L

&.,

_'.

r···a·~,·t·~i'o·~ . . -: ':_..'

b'u-·~,t- t'O:ilD' -" - ....

1~~..... ' ',t'. ~,~ ~."...- • dle"nr'~~~~idl:,-~,

3. Lnput Level, is be.Loe

t'hre,shold.,

I'nc.'re·asle Lnput
181.ve1,.,

sf.gnat

4... I~IQ'I~ Bf.as

m:i,sa.dju,sted.

R,e."p-:18.1r I.'
,,

6. 'Wir,e .£"r1om A't·ta.ck contxo.I to .R·1 is, open,

Always in full liMiting.

1. Shorted G& bus.

Check 'w'iri'no' , check . ,1IIo~--e . ".." , etereo interconnectu'npl,ug 1176S,A.,

'. . H'.. ". • __ , ......

i!ii!I!' ._.

. _".

..

_.

.',

.....,

.' .....

'. " .~ ',.

'.' . .

",

2. Negative supply voltage.

:Repiliace. aener dt.ode and rea.l Lgn '.;

'd'" .. •. A'_. JI'U,S t" (.:.,~ ':' .~.· ,.,-',~, • .... S 3· 2") C.le"a'n

I(

!~.

5,.,5 ) .'

.. HU'I'm"-'·t· hrouah out; 'psu ·t·,," , ... ' .... D' ·1_·.,
U ".

et;c ,.,...-'-.

See See tIon 1.1:, Ins· c,al, La c·i,Q;'n,.

G'-ro-'
_ I ._

(I)

Fa.il'ur'e. to unbaf.enee out.put; t.rans fo rmer' into unba.Lanced 1- oad .

_ .• _,_' 1,_
II lQ "~......:,." ~'" __ 1"'. _.

und ch.... er aasa.s ,

".~., .~ •• ;_

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;iI.

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:.. 0',.;1

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I ,. :1"· '. , ,' .

'u"'-" ~" . I' 1,:1 Y"C'-:' ~D-::"' "(

,3,., Mou'n,ted,
s"t'I:O:ng

t,OIIO

,cl'or!H1!,

to

'E'MI f,i,e,l,d,_

Distortion (during no
11--1'm, i"
,'I

t-

',1R,g,
ii, -

d):' .Io,_,e/,.,

Repaira,s,

needed ,

2. Input level too high.

,3. 'De,fe,c,'t,i,ve
D'is,t,o'rt,io,n (du'ri.ng 1,i,lli,ti'ng,),.,

_J __ A'djust;
.

Iii

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_

output am:pl.,

Rlat 'p.,
~,

',S" lL'"' P' .~.' __ ,=-,;11.- .'

.1.. I·C,raclti,'ng'~ sound on

at.t.ack '"

Attack set too fast or

'.-b'" ·· ...k C'" ec, "
IQ··'r-1I4).,~""

",

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·(····11'5-···.' .'.•..11'
&1, e
.

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of ,Att.a':llc:k a:n::1d/·::·o.I.:·,I:r ~ ~~ ~ ~~. ~ ~

Cl,e,an,
.. . . -',

t t Lng s

Release, c>ont,'["O'l. changes

tbe output Leve.l,

1.. C on,t,8,m,i:nate,d
J

p'e

board;

!( :~' 5,,4, 4,)',.· .....•.

. iI!!I .,. •

3. Caps Cl9, C20 leaky.

4. Attack pot R17 faulty.

'Re 1 ,.'._'p . ,ac"e,.
·c ...... , .~ I' ,', .-

IG,R m,e't,er zero

JIi.'p. ,_, .. ,,_'. in'-lo-pl~iIr"~'t'- i-' 'V"·:',S··, .".
. , .'.,!!i;i,

cQ!n't,rol,

L, Bad connec t.Lon ,f'l:lam.

,"'RepsJ..r .. __
. ".: .. :' "I ....

:PC board;

2. Dirty switch assembly.

Cl'e,an, w 1"' t,h ,8,00 d C,OD, _ _ t.act ~'p·l,rai·:'·'U't; hr ough back of s'w'i ch .• t
• ~ :" ILl .~. '--~' (. _", ~•. (.-." •.•-.'.... .... -:. '.~.".' .. -

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,Dx,cess, n,01.5J,e.
!I!

e , ',:~'!Ii;O,,rl _,. R' nla:c" "_""...

Q t"Ii'

1176SA Stereo Adapter

does not; wOlr'k.

'n,o~C1Da,lly )3 yea'rs,.

Re·tnLace ···"r', .,,,.,.,"., 'Irii.~D:·A· 1-5-' '~M"~' ...,, 'L' I.lLf-,e, 1.,• ( 1~ ,J.~. ~
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.

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l

c~i"rc'ui t,e, " it :ma:y b.appen t'h,at c~ol:n't,ami:nat.,io',nn t_',h.'f! ,PC boa,r'd, c"aU,S'B'S 't',he lim,ite:r t,o pIQ::rfolrm o poorLy, :Mo,i:g,ture, araoke or' po,l'ut,an,ts, Ln th,e: a,i,:r ma'y' ,res,'ul"t Ln sl,i'ght,l.'y' e ond.uert.Lve d'epoe its wh,i,ch ,a,ff'Bc't ,th,e o,p'e:r,a,t,o,in of '0,1 d ue to lea,k,a,'g'e:. E,xi,st,en,ce of cOI'nt,a,m.i,:n,a,tion c,a;n 'be vez i,filed w'i th a s;i,m:p;l,e 't,lest. S'u:p!,pi,ly ,(1 s'te,Bay i-rlPUt to'ne a:nd I 'wi,th, no li:mi tin'9 ,indi,c!8,te:d" ad j'ust the I:nput, and Out.put; cont.ro.l.e to :r'e,a"d 0 VU on t'hs: ntete:r. Remove
Due 've:,r'y' hi,gh
'fr,·:·,Q::._,·mi'il. t':'-'h,-,e-: '1·_1I!!m·--11,iII't-e··'cr:I,' a' nd Loc at.e Q-,-l-,.... "~ "t-O'. " .,_u '.,' '.. _ .. "._"_'__~ .. _ .. __ t-'h'-'~._'."IP'---. and b'~""'o,,lt,-,"t'-,o-'m, cover's P"'1I"""o' x·"l.'t'm'~:lty','-c,'::'u. e"'x"h"~'l~ d·'·e.e·p'l"y', O"'Il"'!II, "'""he. ~.-,--.:L., . " --,-',,,:,1. ;F'!li1;:"""""Ul'J; -t boar'd 1".:,:.._Jl.., a r'ound C,'I' ~:___ __ os e ,,'~ "",::,_, ,j' '~'-'," .'_::' __ ,1._'_
Q .. '_ ...~_. '_ .. , "_' ~.
_l. __

to

im,peda:n(!e

,_l ••...

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1_

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.__

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!'II'

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_ '._ ,I I

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Th'o "~,~

Ln th,le br,eat'h, 'wi,ll induce s'ur,f'ac,e: le:ak,ag,e" and the VU' 'me:ter 'w',ill LndLc at.e ,8, d rop Ln ou t.put; ,I,lev'rel. :1:f no corrt.amd.na't.Lon is orr t'he 'boa:rld", 't,h,e out.put; leva,l, w'i,ll :r'e't,'u'rn 'vEl,r'y ,rap,i'Q"l'y to 0 VU' (w'i,thi,n 1,0 seconds or' Leas ')1. ,If' cont.em.i.nat.Lon is on, 't,n,s 'PC boar'd , t'h,e m'oi,s,tu:re w',ill be r',etai,nea f'or 18 1,lo:nger' tim,a: and !c~le:an,in,g' of t'hs:
mio,is,tu:r'e

board is necessary.
ooxd :f,r'om ,t.'h,e A,C nU~l!,i,n,s. Pr epa.re a ,c'lean,in!g aoLucLon by' :m,i,xi,ng equ,al p,ar'ts of d,isti"l"l,ed, W',2i't,er' and ,pure i,so'pro'p:yl af.coho I (not rubb,in:g eLcohoj ) , Use a n,IE!'W t.oot.h b!r'ush (olr' s LmdLe r :s,t,iff br,i,st,l,e: b,ru,sh,) and ap:p!l'y t'h,e, mi,x,'tllr,e 't,IO th,e ci"rc'ui"t, boa r-::.d;~.-, Br us h v"':"'1I!1'lg-'o,i::'ro'ul"ls'~ t'--!o-, 't','h.'.O·-·' ,O··.··.·'III":g'.: -l.y"··:' hll'y", e L ,e-,~],n.·· t·-,'h-··· t--o'!---,-,p--a nd b-:'Q.-.t-: to. om of t'he bOilard, and all,lo'w t'h,le bo,,a,rd 't,o dry co,mpl,et,el,y' 'b,ef'iore: ,apP"l'Y'i,n,g' plo'we:r 'tol t::h,le ,lim,i,t,e:r'., lin e,xtreme! cases Lt, mla:y be :nec~lessa'ry t,c r"e:,p,lace ,t:h,,s! sloc:'ke't wh,ieh ho Lds Ql,., Re:p,e,a"t th,e mod.st.ur e 't,est 'be:flo:r'e r,e:p"la'ci,ng' top and b,ot't,lom, (::!o,v'er's,_;
D',i's,co':n:ne,ct,

t'h,e powez

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--

5-,',6-',··
- .) ii' '_:

". " - - " : . "1.':',,

l' __ , ·y'·'~I~ s··'~n"~ e' . __ -1'-11:, ~ e- F'i!!l ,c'a,II.::~-,il~"-r' 0- "r'I :: .'.. ' "-",.--,. con+r '.-: . I -_ ", met-e'r . m-ay' adver se '.I y af'-'f";;ec-t' '--,"'"-.'.--'--'," of,s I', or'.-- '..--.~I . -'-- I' and'~, "_:___- I',__.:_~_ :. . --"'__'_':_:___corrt.amf.na't __ e :___'_"_ca-'n ...-,'.--:--' '_,,_'_'- ,- ,_",,-' ..:__., :___, ,:_.~,,~,,_'-, _ __ wa.x- ,~.!-_-_ --_"1!1! -r·.'(-·_ :Ji,t.·-a·'r-·A~. ';1 f" t·- -p--' ,e':,:n'l ·e'"tr' ',a,··t.'- ,e··~! '.l..,'lh·:., 'e'-, ch,~~.,~, . ... _- ,', " 11! ,So C -, C' u' .,1 . ,/,bo .. . - U a; ~ '- -, 1111 _ ,--", /" c·,,·.,.c '
"I~
-"':1'1 ,.-. l!k'il,eve'·
-'C-','-

-1 as!,. II'P, "111-d- I le,~9@:.

"'::" '., '" '__

of the 1,176LN' may 'be' c'l,e,a,n,ed. wi,t',h, a 'noln'-a,bir"Qs,i've c Laans er auch as '1~,Folrm,u,la019 'III ox Up a,n'ta,:s'ti,c 4 a:p'pl"ied w,i,th a sOI,f't c l.ean ,clot,b,. Addi,ti,():nal p,'r'Q't,'ec,ti,o,n, of' t'h,e a"n,odli,z,ed, pa,:ne!l oan bile a,f:f'o'rded thr'oUlg'h a" light. apP,l"ic,a,t,iol:n of' a s',pr'a:y' wa:x pr eparat.Lon auch
1I1II

Tb'e f,ron,t panel,

r- sp'a~Y_'" - -"-r -"'

,I : _,',' _.'.'. ,-,

,t" .he '-Ie

'.,'_,_

,--' -.,--el , p,an,

::.
"1

;3 'U,olL·.··::=.
_

';'r's"'c-'t,'
I ".:_'
I:____,._',,_
r"

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r-

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.... :_

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'-

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6" '.... ......

1
,ill<
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2<.-'6>:. .'..
,

!IIIII!I!!!!!!I

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