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/ / 3> . / . p>@ P69 (/9 J@;) ;/ /
. * b. J>, P6% M
70
6; 9 p>@\ e* a9 + N; \ :*T7Z;

p>@
(Selection Set) \e ;* % J Ctrl J
. #1$
: Replace (Shift)
=g p>@ U9 / D P> J>, (Shift) 6; D P>9 P>
!& ;= ; 3& $ P6% =; / J D p>@;
.
J 6; Z
3; p>@\ e* a9 % N; \ :*T7Z;
. #1$ \e& ;* $ % p>S M>3 Shift
: Adjacent Replace (Ctrl + Shift)
>e p>@ Z\ %h (Ctrl + Shift) N76 D P>9 P>
. / ;= +r$ *@ ;= ) #1$ / D
M>3 J 8
6; Z
3; p>@\ e U9 % N; \ :*T7Z;
. #1$ \e& ;* $ % p>S
: Sample Material (Alt)
D p>@ N; F Alt 6; D P>9 P>
a1 E J F Ng N; .\) (Sample Tool)
. (Eyedropper)
71
> D P /.

\; .
/ )7 (Sample ;6
) (Alt D Za p>S /.
9 ). (Sample
: Painting Groups and Components
Z? N ; J% * % 6* Ng* >
9 U . ; D; *; J ;: M
\ @>! p Z? *> J_ E ;@ 86 _#
;@ 86 ! >; D
=>a J 3 D b .
S Z ) (Drop Down List Box>! ;%
\ ;>* ; 3
; N> &
; NG ;*; *$61 K .
\ &
?> ; *>; N .
> D P* &
?>= 9 DaF b
. *9a
Z \e >D P
\9 , ;;= ; ;% ; 3
\e U9 @> p p>S= *3>97 .
; :*T7Z Ng /* 9 p>S , M )
) :>a
J>, (*S = D* $ M Da N /
:Z
9 O; .
r );;* @ ?o &$@ * J>, F>S ,=g
D b.%. r );;* @ ?o 19
) ). *S
72
0Q ,
: Drawing tools
O Sb14 0Q !" S8 0-/,A S :
) (Drawing tools&
] ) &
J 3 . J
b.)
_ J (The Line Tool) #V 1 ) (The Arc Tool
!) (The Freehand Tool (The Rectangle Tool) Ja3
+ ) (The Circle Tool . (The Polygon Tool) =G
. ]
&aF
J@6&
&$ T
:Line Tool
a\ J 3
(Line Tool) #V $7 $7 ; ;@*
G >9 ; *1Fe. / V N (Line Tool) # G
31)/
.
_ # #V
) (Line Tool;
; # N
;*+, N
.
Drawing a
:Line
N aV
Db
); (faces 7 &$* @9 ; *@6 N_ J
)!9 ;3 !(.
!" :E+
-> (Line Tool) E+ =.@L 1 ! LM- .". K
-~ Bb TU . E+. B4
X - 8 LM- SZAY w O gA + E = I ! 3- +E
! : S8 = q @R" B- & .B
-~ > K. Bb g S +b 8 E B B4
@A 4f E> B4>q . @-4 E+ R7 B w>
73
b O O8 S8 E+. w4 B- "@R 0~ Bb B h

/!" E+
:B]R.
T b,A @~ !- K. 3 -U LMb T B B4
R, K + 4RA TU LM- bX. } LM-- . E+
:Creating a Face
V *% &$ D1> (Line Tool) # *% *a1% b
#\ J #V>
b.
@9 *a1% *h>* #V\ .
\
=a3 #\ !9] E>f P%* ;a1% N* >* .
aV 1 3; &$ .7
*fZf N; OaV 3; &$ * , 7
1% &$ =?1 >* *
);
(*17 *% . /
U 9 e *a1%* ); *+; (Endpoint inference ToolTip
:F U / 9 \a

;3 . V(Line Tool) #
7 r
e $* 9
V#
.
:B]R.
U T B /UUY(Window > Display Settings ):
. E- K (Shaded rendering style) 0.N- U
wf 4Z A.
:Splitting a Line
>;% a, 31= V # ; \a
* DV.#
;:ZO \ # a1% D* @ =99 E
) L #V (&+\
31V #r D3; N .N); *O*
7 aV ;$ ?1&
a1%* @a\ %; L3; N.N
74
:Splitting a Face
/ 31 (face's edges) / $7 D 1% *%* 9 = ;# \
D / $7 7 N; # ; \3, , Ja3;
*@
. *91; *$7
N; r 3 & & a\ . *31; K a\ J\

\) N7 N;
) &>% J _S ); NVf # ;= \T / #!;
so g S &$ J $ , (Profile Edge rendering style
D M1 (Line Tool) #V J . (Display Settings dialog box)
!J _J! ;%> . *\ ;a\ 31
* ; !#\ ?
. $ / 31 . a\
*@ #V J;

:Specifying Precision Line Values

; #V ? T
(Value Control Box) *19 !.$%
\9 ] 8
6* 7 Z 3; #V* ? , !
G= a3
/
(Value Control Box)*19 !.$% &$ #V b

. a
:Entering a Length Value
a>= a9 (Value Control Box) *19 !.$% &$ #V ? 7
(Return) ( Enter) 6; D #Fg #V ** >a1% =g 9 a
#1$ *,* 1= g9 , * !* 1f 7 * g V3 ;%>.
.
tF9 ,& $ * 79 ,) %e9 *1
! G= a3
.(model units setting )J 7 * g N G

75
:B]R.
.B- "@R O8 S8 ! 0> q O>! E+
:Entering a 3D Coordinate
&$ #* \% =g N (Value Control Box) *19 ! .$%
. (exact coordinate in space) G6& $ & ;!f7
:Entering an Absolute Coordinate
*G9( 3D space) 9)& fZO G6& $ *a1 f7?>=
/1 f7o D J@!. [x, y, z] JO; (brackets)P>
. *! ! D>* 3% ( absolute coordinates )
:Entering a Relative Coordinate

N ;T N; J, ; 9 ]aV ** >a1% D>* 3% f7o 1% 7
.#V ** >a1% N; *>3% $3; , & z y x `7 <x, y, z> JO;
:B]R.
Value Control ) B- "@R O8 S8 " }> BR R B1
B.:Q j .-/,-. 3!R B - .} B /U K. -/A (Box
. [x; y; z] @4
:Drawing Lines by Inference
Sketch ) a; &; %> ;!J 3
(Line Tool ) #V
G6& $ ]?a\ =g& $ ]
3 (Up's sophisticated geometric
*a9 * . (inference decisions) ee; Z . 9)& fZO
(inference engine) ee;!
b. e 1%. (inference lines) e aV .$% &$ T
. J J /% . #V N9 *1,

;! 1 aV
:Dividing a Line into Equal Segments

, w4 O / K - ,A @-4 (Line segments) E+ Tb
: B4,-
. B8R K. -4 LM- ~-
(context menu) , B-C w4A O ( Divide)" , > -
76
! TN K. 4 E+ , .E+

X- LM- K j 0 . E+ X . " , LM- KX
S4 4j E+ . " ,
-~ K. 04 E+ " , K / O w4A ", ! E+
K , ,- B4 .N/ BbA-
77
:Arc Tool
=a, N; &
,) J 3
( Arc Tool) 1
. 7 1 J* &
;13 aV N;
Drawing ) #* +, N; ( Arc Tool ) 1 #_%
. ( Draw menu) * +, N; ( Toolbar
:Drawing an Arc
:jf BI\I 0-2A 0-2A
. ( starting point ) B4 Bb-
. ( ending point ) B4 Bb -
. ( bulge ) -
A b N4 /A B4 Bb B4 Bb B8,-
: !" . (chord length)
T :" . K= .@L 1 ! LM- ( Arc Tool) > -
.
. . B4 Bb TU ~ -
. LM- X -
. " , E >4 8 . . B4 Bb TU B I ~ -
" Tq B8, TU " ,- E+ K. 4- LM- X -
(bulge distance) B8,(chord length) A b
Value ) B- @" R O8 S8 Tb ( radius ) b p
4- - !( straight line) " , E >. (Control Box
" ,- E+
. B8, TU B I ~ -
78
: Drawing a Half-Circle
,E; r61 1 V D ( bulge distance) * $3; M!39 1
9
Circle ) + L@% e;* Z 9 57e . + L@% D
.+ L@% 1 ; G ( inference ToolTip
: Drawing Tangentially
N; 9 1
9 & + ;, T ( Arc Tool ) 1
=g 9 E :9. 7 ;, N* ;a1% *
>a>
; K *%
7 ; ,
* Of ;P> f *%O* a1
&* $3; =g( tangent inference) & ee3E
.*%O* a1 D P> 9 %
: Pushing and Pulling a Curved Face

, & b D ( Push/Pull Tool) :O>= a3
(curved face) 1 / . *T b D )J 3

* $!
N a3 (Surface entity) 8a D * N ;.
) *1 b N; *; b N; N
; J J
;
.(curved face set
:Specifying Precise Arc Values

(chord length )
? T
.(** a1% =g 9 ) * $3; T
f( ** >a1% =g 9 ) 1
N (Value Control Box) *19 !.$%
79
lengths for the ) &)

a *?>G\ )? o
radius ) a1 L@% *, (bulge distance) * $3; (base chord
. ( number of segments ) =a1 (value
:B]R.
current file units ) B R p.- X 0-/, !
X 4RA N4 T b,A . E8 B4 B- Tb o- ( setting
1 2A o S8
./ X : S8 X BX S8 TUA X .p.- X
( Units panel of the Model Info dialog box ) -
: Entering a Chord Length

1* 9 *a1% =g 9 ( chord length) 1* ?
, !
>. (Value Control Box) *19 !.$% &$ a a?>=
(-6.5") JO; M39 *1 7 &! b
e P b
e& $
]%
:B]R.
S8 ! 0> A q K jQA ( !Arc Tool)
. (Value Control Box) B- "@R O8
: Specifying a Bulge Distance

@9 1 a, L@% ( bulge distance) 1 % *$3; !
=a3
Value ) *19 !.$% &$ *;Z . 1 \ ?

9 *1,
.(Bulge) % D ? N;F (Control Box
Value Control ) *19 !.$% &$ ( bulge length) ?>= ?
( Return ) ( Enter ) 6; D P> f ** a1% =g 9 (Box
] 9 1
Z\ ; ( bulge distance ) * $3; = \a3
.
80
(Value Control Box ) *19 !.$% &$ T

* ? , ?
f . P b
e& $ , G N *> % , .
.
: Specifying a Radius Value

a1 L@% *, =>?. * $3; N; e9 1 a, L@% !
=a3
( 24r or 3'6"r or 5mr):ZO; ('r',) 7 b 9 M a

N
9 * Z\ ] J =a3
(Return ) ( Enter ) P> f
. ;>1
:Specifying The Number of Segments
=>a9 ] ( arc segments) 1= & ; a1=
! a3
Value ) *19 !.$% &$ ( 's' ) !b 9 M

a
\9 ( Return ) ( Enter ) 6; D P> f . ( Control Box
* Z\ ] J =a3
.( arc segment number ) 1= a,
. ;>1 N
9
81
: Freehand Tool
a\ *T; F o( Freehand Tool) ] !8
%( Curve entities) *1; % J D 7 3; &$ =1

*@;
(Curve entities) *1 % ( 3d Polyline entities ) 9)* fZf
G >9 *a>
; ; #\ =a, N;

&.b D 31
&
! $ 7 #V (
@ curves ) !b.
*31 % .0" > @4 jf > /%!` 9 *@;
*1 #+V& $ * aV JO 6; (
Curve entities)
) * >a ) N ;K( contour map) * >a PG JO9
. ( organic shapes
N; ( Draw menu ) * +, N; ;( Freehand Tool) !#_
. (Drawing toolbar) #

: B X\
jQ AY /} B I\h ( 3d Polyline entities ) 4\
S8 @ wO . B4q 0@2 K. IA( inference snaps) Y!
. 3f- K B .@L 0 :QA p NA 0:
82
: Drawing Curves
;J N *@6; * g; b D g N (Curves) !
. (axes plane) 3 ;! D ( ;! existing geometry )
: ( Curve) SR "!
". K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Freehand Tool) R > -
. SR T
. SR- B4 Bb TU ~@ -! T ~ -
. "!. LM- R! -
"! B .- 4} LM- X -
Bb! y.1 0@L "! "! S Bb K. 3b> S -
(Freehand Tool) R
: Drawing a 3D Polyline
r6,
e 9o* fZO ( 3d Polyline entities ) Ne &> %
J 3
.*1? U9 J_ D fU
( inference snaps) e
2D ) 9)* +f.; * \9 N ;3 3e
9)* fZO >& a\. D JS6
J (sketching
) ;J N *@6; * g; b D g N ( 3D polylines)
. ( existing geometry
83
: ( 3D polyline entity ) /} SI\I S E> !"

T ". K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Freehand Tool) R > -
. SR
. (Shift) Q K. ~@ -! T ~ -
R Bb! Eb+-. B4 Bb TU ~@ -! T ~ -
.(Freehand Tool)
. "!. LM- R! -
. "! 4} LM- X -
: B X\
3D polyline's ) / }SI\h S E ! >B-C (Explode) >
Freehand Sketch ) R Eb+ 04R ( context menu
. 8R " 0@L K .
84
: Rectangle Tool
Ja3 / % J 3
( Rectangle Tool ) Ja3
.a J_ N; N3 ; N D P>9 !
N; ( Draw menu ) * +, N; ;( Rectangle Too) Ja3 #_
: Drawing a Rectangle
* 7 &$ ( ;faces) b D Za3 N
.( !3; !9 ) J_ N *@6; @9
:0 b, "!
". K = .@L 1 ! LM- . ( Rectangle Tool ) 0 b,- > -
.0 b, T
.0 b,-. K B4j Bb TU ~ -
.B,/- B4j K LM- X -
. 0 b,-. B h B4j Bb TU B I ~ -
: Drawing a Square
:T "! . (Rectangle Tool ) 0 b,- !" A /-
Bb K. ( ~ Rectangle Tool ) 0 b,- > -
.K B4j
85
A ) E b E! >B,/- B4j K LM- X -

@A ( Y!Y T B4! ! ( diagonal dotted line
.T- ! O T- S8
. B I ~ -
:Entering Precise Dimensions

. (Value Control Box) *19 !.$% &$ h T
Ja3 9
* D P> 9 ; .$& $ >a9 *!!@ 9)=
! a3
. ;>Ja3 9
current file units ) B R p.- X 0-/, !
X 4RA N4 T b,A . E8 B4 B- Tb o- ( setting
. B I S8 X B /U 1 2A o S8
: B X\
Value Control ) B- "@R BO8 S8 ( 3') 0h B.:8 B- o.>
K ! Sh / / K. ybA !4Z B- ( Box
Sh / E8 O8 S8 B- "I B.:8 o/q B4b ~ Q . y,
. 1 !
: rawing Rectangles by Inference

& ee J 3
( Rectangle Too ) Ja3
]
3 ( sophisticated a geometric analysis engine ) a
. 9)& fZO G6& $ / . Ja3= g
*a9 J (
inference decisions) ee ,
e aV .$% &$ T
nference engine) ee;!
.( inference points)e 1% ( inference lines)
86
b.1 aV
;! N9 *1,a3 J. /%J
.
h- : 7 % *a1% D E* )! ( endpoint; *$ f
7 9 E $&
!; b )\ (an axial direction#
ee ; #1= 1% ee )T (ToolTip . b.1
_ D!; ]% ]
Da1* )\
=a3 G
From ) J 3
( Point inference Ja3 &$3 ; ; F
). (non-orthogonal planes
87
: Circle Tool
Circle ) + #_% . + J 3
( Circle Tool) +
# N( ;Draw menu ) * +, N ( ; ;Tool
. (Drawing toolbar)
: Drawing a Circle
)N@* 6; @9 ;b D g N +
: C !" . ( !3; !9 )
. C" . K = .@L 1 ! LM- . C > -
. C j TU ~ -
p B- . C b p 4R C j / LM- X -
Value ) B- "@R O8 S8 ! ( radius value ) b
Tb B- 4RA 3@-4 LM- 34R 3 I ( Control Box
. ( Return ) ( Enter ) Q K. ~" I O8 S8 b p
( segmentation) C. ,Y 4RA N4 T b,A
. O- O8 S8
. C } B I ~ -
:B X\
center of ) C j TU LM-. 3 -! @~ N4 T b,A
) C b p TU E1N B f >R, " I ( the circle
. C - }LM- X . ( radius
segmentation) C. ,Y ( radius ) C b p "
(Value Control Box) B- "@R O8 -/! 4RA @-4 (
. C !" / L
:Inference Locking
+& $ ( ;
Shift) 6; D P> ;= P>
.(circle's orientation) + /
J61 ( Circle Tool)
: Specifying Precise Circle Values
) a1 L@% *, T
a1 L@% *, !
G= a3
. + 9 1
9 ( radius
.$ 9 (line segments) + #= \a, * ,9 ( radius )
.
88
: Specifying an Exact Radius Value

Value ) *19 !.$% &$ ( radius ) a1 L@% *, 7
+ r* ;a1% =g 9 a a1 L@% *, =>a9 (Control Box
].9 >1 ( Return ) ( Enter ) 6; D P> f (center point)
. +

J>, ) ( ;>radius ) + a, L@% !
G= a3
P> .$& $ a1 L@% *, =>a9 +

9 ]; \(
. ( Return ) ( Enter ) 6; D
: Specifying The Number of Segments

) =a1 T (Value Control Box) *19 !.$%
#_
( Circle Tool) + ; M% ( number of segments
. ( initially activated)
&$ *1>= a9 + r* a1% =g P> J>, .$& $ M% 7
. .$

9 ( *$g J>, ) $ =a1
! G= a3
D P> .$& $( 's' ) !9 >

?* 3>9 =a1>= a9 ] +
. ( Return ) ( Enter ) 6;
9 ];, N7 D + \ D & J_9 :>a ;31%e
D :>a + 9
!3, . ( tools) )F
+
. +\
89
:Polygon Tool
** T= G % J 3
(Polygon Tool) =G
. M% - =; (a circle ) + Ng
N; ( Draw menu ) * +, N; ;( ( Polygon Tool) =G #_
: Drawing a Polygon
R ) B.Q 24 f wf K. T.N- TU@ -4
:(Polygon) T.N "! . (R- ,-
. T.N T ". K = .@L 1 ! LM- T.N- > -
(enter point of the polygon) T.N- j Bb TU ~ -
) B- "@R O8 S8 T.N- f 4RA N4 T b,A .
.( Value Control Box
b p BR8 . T.N- b p 4R j- / LM- X -
Tb 4f b p 4RA T b, LM- R O8 S8 A
. ( Return ) ( Enter ) Q ~@ / "I b B-
L / . T.N- \ B I ,4 LM- K. ~ -

T8 f >R, T.N- j TU B I @~ T b,A
T.N- - }LM- X . b p TU LM- @~
. ( polygon )
90
: Inference Locking
Polygon ) =G 9 ( Shift key) 6; D ]& $ P>
. (lock the polygon's orientation) =G /
J61 * $ (Tool
: Entering Exact Radius and Segment Values

J6) N )M%& $ ( Value Control Box ) *19 !.$%
) L& $ =G a, L@% M% T ;%> .$% N;
*SV ; 7 S &$ (Units panel ) D3( document
!.$% &$ 1 LV; J\ G 9 ];, f . 9
) ( Enter ) 6; D P>( Value Control Box) *19
.( Return
: Entering the Number of Sides

M%> 1 *@; ( Value Control Box ) *19 !.$%
Polygon ) =G #_
; ( number polygon sides ) =G
_. (radius) a1 L@% \J>1 .$ . (Tool
f a>= a9 M% J\
] . ] ] )g 9 b%
9 !9 1
, . - -h - ( '8s'): O; .('s') !9 />
. *1
] D= ) G G /=
G; \ D :>a =G
:Entering a Radius Value

*1\ o ( Value Control Box ) *19 !.$% = a3
L@% ?>= ?. / r* a1% ] g 9 =G a, L@ &

6; D P >f (Value Control Box) *19 !.$% &$ a1
=a3
. (radius) a1 L* @1,* , \o ( Return ) ( Enter )
. (a polygon) =G
9 f * ; g F
91
T, 0Q
:Modification Tools 04/
)J J 3
& ( & ) modification tools) J
83 ( Push/Pull Tool) #> )b. NG
. *!
. (Select Tool) \e ( Eraser Tool)
. ( Tools menu ) *+1 Ng ;J@6 .
:Move Tool
y3%( stretch) #;( move) ]!
( Move Tool) * ] !8
. %( rotate) G J 3

.( )copy)
Modification ) J # 9 ( Move Tool) * !#_%
(Tools menu) * )+, 9 ( toolbar
92
:Moving Geometry .
& %( ! ? entities) % D P> D
! e ]%
.(,$ E N D7 ) E >= % \, !
MK
: BR \ -/, @ 34R

S !" K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
.wZAY
. @4RA S8 gA S > @ -
S !" K = .@L 1 ! LM- ( Move Tool) BR > -
.wZAY
B/ Bb .(Move Tool)BR B .- @ K. X ~ -
.( Move point) BR Bb K-,A . o, S @ K.
. LM- 34R 3 I RA @ !34R LM- X -
B4 B4( inference line) Y!Y E> N4!
T b,A . (VCB)B- "@R O8 S8 BR B8, ! BR.
.XY 2! - B / B8, TbA N4
:B]R.
SI\h NQ S8 R- 0 , (inference lines) Y!Y b> TA
@ >4 X RA Bb@ - 4 > /
. ( b- Z @RA 0/QA - ) Z Z @ RA
B .-/ ( } destination point ) B /- Bb K. ~ -
93
:Select and Move

\ e ] \ J>, ( Move Tool) * !#_
=a3
* *)* a1 8>@

(click point) P>* a1% \. !6;
: =@4RA> Y. *!
.wZAY
. =@4R @ K. ~ -
.LM- BX T ! +- @ . @ 34R LM- X -
B .-/ ( } destination point ) B /- Bb K. ~ -
:B X\
R! @ > @ >EA =@4R A O @
. 3 O 8 /A
: Inference Locking During Move

6; D P> 9 (inference lock) ee J6, * %= a3
J6, .( Move Tool) * !Z\ J>, (Shift key)

K (inference engine) ee ;! D1> (inference lock)ee
. & $ ) )\9 fU;
:Moving Groups and Components
&$ D1> > (face) /9 *1@;( component) >%
>y3% . /9 *1@; K 8>@
N! ;
!/ ] 3; P6%
3& $ G :@
( Copies of a glued component ) *1@
. &S)
: Stretching Geometry
M37 J_( stretch) # ;%> bF9 #>
; K ;
! @
. *1a b.9 b $! 1=
!] a3
. G
:h
, -X wZA p.+ K @= 4RA @-4 S ( Face entity) =f
: f- wZA K. K
94
S8 . ",Z E- (single line segments) Q E> Tb 34RA N4 T b,A
SR p! 0-/ wZAY S8 K. K X E> " > A S h-
. ( sloped roof )
:Moving/Stretching With Auto fold

* ; ; * !h (Auto fold faces) b a ;%>
(non-planar) 3 P6% &$ =1
e b(
stretch) #( move)
:h.
&$ J6) D /7 ( Move Tool) * !U9 S N D P>
. @D) / ? D ( fold line ) /? #\ )b
e
95
: Forcing Auto fold Behavior

e* 3; b = 19 K * : ;%> ; 7) t 9 &$
:h .*$go( fold lines) &a a\ :V
*$!!] 9 3 #1$ (move tool) * !U9 S *$7 D P>
= a3
. ( ) b
& $ P ( G\ 7& ) 1$ b
& $
J>, (ALT key) 6 D ] P>9 3 .

Auto )&[& a * Ja
N; ]
6 * g b. . * !
.b
. b
e& $ *!9 J_!] 9 ] 83
( fold
: Making Copies
(copies) y3% J N ( Move Tool) !19
( Move Tool) R -/! , 0-/ . Ng %
:
"! K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
.S
. >,! !S ( entities) > @ -
.wZAY
. u AQ- BX S8 (Ctrl key) Q- K. ~@ S8 -! ~ -
. +- @ , 44 3" ./! B .-/ wO
. ,. +- ( entities) @ K. ~ -
LM- RA T ! +- @ , @ , LM- X -
.
96
oR: B+,,- @ . , B .- - } }Bb K. ~ -

+ g B .: @ + Y
: Creating Multiple Copies (Linear Arrays

*3 (arrays) 6@&
$ G J 3
( Move Tool) * !
X / , . (series of copies of geometry) )y3% N;
: @ h
.S
. >,! S8 gA S > @ -
. ( Move Tool) BR > -
BX S8 (Ctrl key) Q- K. ~@ 3 S8 -! ~ -
. +- @ , 4A 3" ./ ! 0-/ O .u AQ-
. ,. +- @ K. ~ -
. LM- BX T! , B .- @ , LM- X-
B+,,- @ , B .- }+- Bb S8 ~-
. 3 O o, B .:( @ selected) + Y oR:
:h4 = 8U , w4A O , Tq -
B+, ! 3 8 B- "@R O8 S8 (*2) (2x) B
. (+, -Z- u 8) X B 8U
: Creating Copies at an Equal Distance Apart
*, =>a9 (original) &S) J_( copy) *V3 N9 *$3 31
=a3
y3% *3\ $(/5)(5/) =>? : h . (divisor value) *;31;

=>a9 e= a3
e* V33* V3* S)* V3 N9 T%9
* *U9 ];, N! (multipliers) 6G( distances) $3
.\
97
:B]R.
BZ !Y 0h(models of items) - - A S8 f Q j - wO
,! /- /- O8 yb ,Z
. B4, 8, K. (beams) Bb A 4 >j
: Entering Exact Move Values

*1 79* ( 7o* ! ) $3; T
(VCB)*19 ! .$%
; ; 7 S 7* 7 !
>O; (default units)
#; ( copying) 3e( moving) !9 1
; (Units panel)
=a3
(arrays) $6@
D* $go9 . (stretching entities) %
*>3% @9 ( exact displacement ) #>G9 *7o* , !
G
(absolute 3D coordinate)*1a 9)* fZO f7o( relative)
move ) * !9 ;>Z\ (finishing point)%o* a1
.(operation
:Entering a Displacement Value
L ( >\ new displacement length) 4f BX q 4RA T b,A
: R B .- /
.S
. @4RA S8 gA S > @ -
"! K = .@L 1 ! LM- ( Move Tool) BR > -
.wZAY S
R B .-/ (start point) B4 Bb > Y ~ -
@ . u R wZAY S8 @ 34RA LM- X -
inference ) Y!Y E> -LM- BX T! +-
(ending) B4 Bb( start) B4 Bb ! (line
B- "@R O8 S8 & ! BR B8, BR.
. (VCB)
O8 S8 (20' or -35mm): B , Bf- BX }Tq -
Q ( Enter)Q K. ~( VCB)B- "@R
. (Return)
98
: B X\
04 \ -/, (VCB) B- "@R O8 S8 " Tq T b,A
. (default system) S! K B- R ! . S.:
.S! - 0-/,A o KX (3' 6") Tq T b,A : \h
: Entering a 3D Coordinate
: @ 34RA T b,4
.([]) -/! @ 34RA g S B8,- > 7 _
/ SI\h NQ S8 IX} -/! (relative) B , w_
.(<>) -/!( coordinates in 3D space)
: (coordinates in 3D space) / SI\h NQ S8 IX}}>
.S
. @4RA S8 gA S > @ -
"! K = .@L 1 ! LM- ( Move Tool) BR > -
.wZAY S
R B .-/ (start point) B4 Bb > Y ~ -
+- @ . u R wZAY S8 @ 34RA LM- X -
! (inference line) Y!Y E> -LM- BX T!
BR. (ending) B4 Bb( start) B4 Bb
. (VCB) B- "@R O8 S8 & ! BR B8,
. S, SIXY ( exact) S.: SIXY Tq -
: B R R- [x, y, z]:B - / IX}
: ** >a1% D>* 3% <x, y, z> :*>3 f7o
99
:B X\
)/ B I\h IX} jZ I X B- 4RA T b,A
wZAY( z) wZA S8 0@2 34R h- .( 3D coordinate
. [,,2'] :(VCB) B- "@R O8 S8 S 0>
:B X\
/A 1A (VCB) B- "@R O8 S8 TbA S " . BqN- B1
/ (computer's regional settings )3!R B - .}
(comma) Y (semi-colon)S B.:Q j B-C .-/,-
.[x; y; z] :h-.
: Rotate Tool
3)( elements)S ( Rotate Tool) J 3
N .(single rotation plane)7 3; Ng 6

\9 (distort geometry) )L!
( stretch) # G
# 9( Rotate Tool) #_% . 3 N; #1$ r
. (Tools menu) * )+, 9 ( Modification toolbar) J
: Rotating Geometry
3D ) 9)* fZO* n>& $ *6V; 3; Zf &$ =
)a3
: : 4\ -/, 0@2 4 . ( environment

.S !" K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
. 4. 0@2 > -
T B. K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Rotate Tool) 4 > -
. C!"
=f wZA R- u 0@2 X ( protractor ) B.- X -
R- fA 1! ( protractor ) B.- . w4 O
K. ~@ / = fA K. Q} T b,A . B4 @ L R-
. .b- wZAY S8 B.- @ A (Shift key) Q
100
S Bb ( rotation point) Bb TU X ~ -

(inference ToolTips ) Y!Y 0-/! . ! 0@2 W X
. j Z4 K. 3A,-
0h-4 O wZAY S8 (starting point) B4 Bb LM- X -
. B4
. B4 Bb TU B I LM- K. ~ -

\Q oRA B /8 jQ B4 .4. LM- X -
B.- B4 X LM- RA - = PX\! (preferences)
B.- / 3.A - (angle snaps) B4 jQ K. R!
. (free rotation) X u-,!
. ( - )}B4 Bb K. Bh I ~ -
: B X\
K. ~@ L +A 0 ( Rotate Tool)4 0 /QA T b,A
> ( > K 1 ! LM- ( ) Rotate Tool)4
Q K. ~" I ( B /8 KA 4 ) BM- ( Select Tool)> Y
. ( Rotate Tool)4 E 2A ( }ESC key)
: Rotational Stretching with Auto-Fold

stretch ) )# G N (Rotate Tool)
J_ N; r \
9 (geometry
101
/( twist) S &$ M>3

&( rotational movement) **
7
&[& a* S\ #_
( non-planar ) 3; K 8>@ /36% &$
(Sketch Up's Auto-Fold feature.) ;%>
:Copying Objects Using Rotate

* 9 J>, (Ctrl key) 6; D ]& $ P>
N; e9
\* & V3; %> J (rotation operation)
. *S)
:Creating Multiple Copies (Radial Arrays

radial ) / $6@; N ( Rotate Tool)
.*
a1% 7 y3 N; *3 .(arrays
.(radial array) = /L B8Q
. >,! S8 gA S > @ -
. C!"
" ./! B .-/ wO( Ctrl key) Q K. ~@ -! ~ -
. +- @ , gA 3
0h-4 O wZAY S8 (starting point) B4 Bb LM- X -
. B4
B4 Bb TU B I LM- K. ~ -
LM- BX T! +- @ B+, @ , -
. , B .- ( }destination point) wZAY Bb K. ~ -
. 3 O o, B .: + Y oR: B@- ,
: h . B 8U} /- , BQN- B- Tq -
(I , -Z @4 ) X B 8U B+, ! (*2) ( 2x) Tq
. b+ wO -/! o+, B h 3. 44 o+, X
102
: Folding Along an Axis of Rotation

&a #\ JO; * & @$7 ?D *1= g9 J_= ?& a3
R q K. 0@L Sb . #V& ] $ J_ a 9 f (fold line)

: (axis of rotation)
Sb E+ 0-/,! W.h- . ! O 0@2 > -
.
. C!"
! S B8R Sb E> 4 X K. ~@ S8 -! ~ -
. 0@2 S8 Sb 8
E> T B.- R- ( fold line) Sb E> q K. LM- R! -
. ( W.h- ) Sb
S Bb ( rotation point) Bb TU LM- X -

. 0@2 . !
103
. . B4 Bb TU B I LM- K. ~ -
\NQ oRA B /8 (angle snaps) jQ B4 4. LM- X -

B4 X LM- 34R A - = PX\! (under preferences)
/ h 3.A - (angle snaps) B4 jQ 0R! B.-
. (free rotation) R u-,! B.-
.( - )}B4 Bb K. Bh I ~ -
:Creating Copies at an Equal Distance Apart

*, \9 (original) &S) J_ ( copy) *V3 N9 *$3 31
=a3
:h . *19 ! .$% &$ (divisor value) 31

104
(original) &S) J_ N9 T%9 y3% *3\ (/5) ( 5/) =>?
(distances) $3>= a9 e= a3
.(first copy) *V3%
* \U9 ];, *F (multipliers) 6G
: Entering Exact Angle Values.

*r 9 T

( & degree of rotation) *
G= a3
. f( VCB) *19 ! .$% &$ (angular degrees)
(slope values) J , ( angular rotation) r* , \
. J_ ; .$& $
:Entering an Angular Rotation Value

*1 ?>= ( degrees) 9 *1,@ 9 (angle) *r , !
7 E f( VCB) *19 ! .$% &$ (decimal) 79
:h. (protractor) *1
1 .#>G9 (34.1) 1; (degree angle) *] * a (34.1) =>?
;* r* 1=
! a3
. *3 1 P *r>* ! 3
. (rotation operation) * 9 f
:Entering a Slope Value

&$ (colon) *;Z 9 N@6; N, =>? (slope) J* * , !
:h . (VCB) *19 ! .$%
1 *7 b
P 9 *r>* ! 3 1 . (8:12) N1?>=
rotation ) * 9 f ; #>G9 *r* , !
=a3
. *3
. (operation
105
:Scale Tool
r( stretch) #;( resize) !
o J 3
(Scale Tool) !
. & $ \S D>* 3% J_
( Modification toolbar) J # 9 ! #_%
. (Tools menu) * )+, 9
:B X\
0@2 - 0 8 "ZR4 S B .-/ S( Global Scale) S- / " ZR
. b B8,- K .b- / y b (simultaneously) S&
) 3f- jf K. " ZR .- Y E8 Bs (Scale Tool) " ZR
.( - 0 K. ~
:Scaling Geometry
.S
=- ZRA 4A O 0@2 > -
: K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Scale Tool) " ZR > -
X ! (Scaling grips) " ZR N . : 0>
. +- 0@2
BN BN > Y (scaling grip) " ZR BN K. ~ -

-X . SNA !B.- " ZR N +-
. BQ.+ " ZRA B .- " ZRA BN 0 .(highlight in red)
((VCB)) B- "@R O8 . 0@2 ( scale) " ZR LM- X -
" ZR A - -. (relative size) S, " ZR !
. " ZR B .- - / B.b- " ZR / > T b,A. -
. 0@2 " ZRA 0-@A / ~ >-
106
: Scaling Auto-Folding Geometry

* =; *h @9 J
(Auto-fold feature) ;%>& $ &[& a* S\
19o G M37 (folding lines) &a a\ ;%> . !
. *3; b
: Scaling a 2D Surface or Image Object

Image ) @%( Two-dimensional surfaces) 9)* +f a3
*fZO ) D * &
39 !(
* entities
!?* ) 7 S .(three-dimensional geometry) 9)
/
! ; ! G>, * 3
( !Scale Tool's bounding box)
9)& fZO?* 7 S J *1? P69 J
G>1 b. . 9)& +f
. (Ctrl and Shift) J & 76; =; G J . (3D bounding box)
6; 9)& +f 8a !
; 9)& +f Ja3; ?* 7o S
*?7o S .(G\-7 ) 3; Ng =1 .
! .( surface) 8a3( 3D volume ) 9)& fZf 7
9)& +O
! g =a3
. (G\-7 ) 3; =; 3\
. ! J>, / D! ;! 9
:Scaling Components
individual ) *6( ! !* Component entity) M
! ;
8
*SV b. . *6
r9 56! )\M e7 J . (instance
. ]% &$ M P6 *6V !* y3 N; D ] !@

! JO; (component's context) Ng !
. M L
D f
(component) M Ng (Line entity) #\
e7 J& $ #V P6% e7 J ! ) M e7 J
. (M
:Scaling Options
. 3
& G>1 = T
(Scale Tool) ! #_
J;9 * D1>
E9 3; ; *+; 8>@
J_ L\ *6V; *G>,
*6V; *G>, L_ (X-ray Transparency) P* * $6 #% JF.
107
uniform ) T ! N; Z ] 8

(Scale Tool) !
#( no uniform scaling) T; K !( scaling
. ! % 1
J 3
&* ! G>, . (stretching operations)
. / 9 1
:Corner Grips
*3* r N; V J_(
! Corner grips) *r G>,
T; !
( default behavior) &1 3 . (opposite corner)
single scale ) 6 ! J; ; D1> 9) N9 M` 7
.(VCB) *19 ! .$% &$ T (dimension) >( factor
:Edge Grips
opposite ) *3* ; $7 N; V J_( (
! Edge grips) *$! G>,
K !
( default behavior) &1 3 . &%h J_9 N >9 (edge
.$% &$ . F 9) N9 M ] & (no uniform scale) T;
.(comma) *S$ 9 , T (VCB) *19 !
: Face Grips
7 b
& $ P ; / N; V J_( (
! Face grips) / G>,
no uniform ) T; K !
( default behavior) &1 3 . #1$
(VCB) *19 ! .$% .F 9) N9 M ] & (scale
. #1$ 7* , J>1
T
: Scaling About the Geometry Center

P>. J_ r ;N; V D! 9 ] 83
(Scale Tool) !
so ! * f ,& $ (Ctrl key) 6; D P>9
G>, N; D P> (geometry's center point) J_ r* ;a1%
. ]. 1>? ! J\ V D M! (scaling grips) !
:Toggling Between Uniform and Non-uniform Scaling

T; K !
% N; K9 ! f J_& $ Jf 19o
!,
! * N; ) *T( * ! toggles) #9 (Shift key) 6;.
. ( *T * ! N;) *T; F* ( * ! T; F
108
:B X\
" - " ZR -,. bA - -/!@ -4 (Ctrl and Shift) SXQ
. +- 0@2 j " - g
: Controlling Scaling Direction With The Axis Tool
(drawing axis ) = ;! g 9 ! b
D *,9 a3]
)
J 3 (Scale Tool) ! .(Axes Tool) ;= !
t>1 b
D a3 36% (orient) / ( G\-7
. = !g 9 (grip direction)
Entering Exact Scale Values

!* , !
&( axis) !9 T
(VCB) *19 ! .$%
*%\ 7 S &$ 7 () default units) *1 7& $/36%
.$% &$ !* , =>? .! * Z\ (& ; ; $ 7
. * ! ;>9 Z\ ;>J_( ! VCB) *19 !
:Entering a Scale Multiplier Value

q }>. * ! ;>9 Z\ 9 =
! ?a3
: " ZR B .- (>\dimensional length value)/

. =- ZRA 4A O 0@2 > -
0> : K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Scale Tool) " ZR > -
. +- 0@2 X ! (Scaling grips) " ZR N . :
BN BN > Y (scaling grip) " ZR BN K. ~ -
highlight ) -X . SNA !B.- " ZR N +-
. BQ.+ " ZRA B .- " ZRA BN 0 .(in red
109
((VCB)) B- "@R O8 . 0@2 ( scale) " ZR LM- X -

- " ZR A - -. (relative size) S, " ZR !
." ZR B .- - / B.b- " ZR / > T b,A.
( 2' 6" ):0h ( dimensional length value) / B- Tq -
~ . (VCB) B- "@R O8 S8 - (2m) Z B!
(Return) ( Enter)
:Mirroring Geometry using the Scale Tool

mirror ) J_ G J 3
N (Scale Tool) !
* b.. 7 !
&* a1 7 9*
] G>1 M!39 (geometry
*> , D t91 r6, 9 57e. V D J\ D ) M! ] 8
(force) r= a3

. M b
e& $ J
( & -1.5) ( -1) :JO;
. M 9 * , =>a9
:Entering Multiple Scale Values
( scaling factors ) ! Z; ; D +(
_ VCB) *19 ! .$%
!
. 7* , \D
! 7 9 !
*. * ; * 9 *a>

*T; !
*. (comma) 69 @6; , \Ma N 9
F 9)* fZO` * ! 7 7* , D
! 9)* fZf
N *@6; *, J , *fZf (
!Non Uniform 3D scaling) *T;
.(comma) 69 )\
!* a1% N9 (dashed line) =a1; #\ s ! * f 57Z
! .$% &$ *$3; 6; *, \./
\ . t>1( scaling point)
( grip distance) *G>1* $3; #>G ;%>( VCB) *19
N 9 7 9 ) # % N T tF9 .*$3* !
] 1
]
. #_% . ( 9* fZf
(commas) 69 *@6; ; , =>?
; 9 !9 1
;
3) P @ 9 *?7 J; D 3; g( resize) !
=a3
*$* ; $3; * ; * $7 D e9 3) ) ! 6; J_9
. (Tape Measure Tool) 1 #
110
: Push/Pull Tool
Face ) / % M!= $ (Push/Pull Tool) #> J 3
= a3
. 9)* fZO N ;7 * ?$go (entities
] J_ b N; % \ 7 (Push/Pull Tool) #>
# 9 (Push/Pull Tool) #> #_% . *a3 b
* )+, 9 ( Modification toolbar) J
: B X\
0-/A 8 O wf S8 E8 (Push/Pull Tool) E 0-/,A
Wireframe rendering ) S@., qY E- B /U S8 ",Z @ 4
. (style
: Creating a Volume
. & $ J_ 7 z1
( = Push/Pull Tool) #> J 3
: wf R! T8
.S !" K = .@L 1 ! LM- .> Y > -
. M!3= $ / \ -

SI\I 0 b, K 1 ! LM- ( Push/Pull Tool) E > -
. "! /
. =f 8 ~ -
K LM- X f- wZAY S8 "ZX K. K LM- X -
. , wZAY S8 "ZR T ! 0Q!
. .b- " ZR 04 "ZR B I ~ -
111
: B X\
LM- 4RA "I LM- R! E1N -! E1N N4 T b,A
. "ZR
: B X\
( N> -X ,) , K. Q "ZX A
. B4. B U= f O -/! !3 Q4
O . K.x 2A (f= ) f B Q.> 0Q!x 2A ( N>= ) f Bf
R,A 0/Q o ( wZA S8 ) K. K Q =f( pull) R,A
oRA ) wZA oM 0@2 0-/4 ,- K. K = f B Q.>
K @ /4 Bf- B -@ ~ Q ybA B .-/ / A ~@4 O . (
. = 8 O = f
:Entering Precise Push/Pull Values

.(VCB) *19 ! .$% &$ T
(Push/Pull Tool) #>* * 7
=$ * 9 f* ; 1,@ 9 M!3= $ 1; !
=a3
. P b
e9 * r *>3 1. M!3
:Repeating a Push/Pull Operation
=$ * :>a (Push/Pull) #> * 9 \ ;>/ D 3>
. \ / D 1 P69 ( ; \Push/Pull) M!3
: B X\
@- T8 R, B .- wZA I4 A = . ~@A O = f f
K. A o, (front face) S= f K. 3 B .- > o
(Push/Pull) R, T8 B .- (back side face) SQ.+ f =f
. ~/- wZAY S8 R!
: Create New Push/Pull Starting Face

6; D P> f ( *%f ;P> f7 / D P> )/= $ / M!
D1> / T ; *, $7 JO
& aV . *%f =$ / M! f (Ctrl)
= 6; *[ b..= $ / M! * (starting point) *9 *a1
. :9a> ;
6; D P> f ( 3 ) D) D M! . /@ *

(Ctrl) 6; D P> f ( # ) D) D* %f ;M!3( Ctrl)
. ( N* ) Of ;M!3
112
: Creating Voids
/ b
9( volume) 7 D J_( ! Push/Pull Tool) #>
. J_ D )J 3
; (back face of the volume) ! &6V
3D ) 9)* fZf K$ J_ a ;%>. \ 7 N; r
& )$ * ! 6V \ * /;9 M! , J_( void
: *
: B X\
/ );;& ;/ * ; b. N

. &6V
:Moving Faces Perpendicular
b
& $ b
!] D (Push/Pull ) #>= > * a3
f( Alt key) 6 D P> 9 (perpendicular direction)

3) /_ 6; * b. .(Push/Pull Tool) #>
. * f! e (Auto fold) &[& a .(deforming objects)
113
:Follow Me Tool
JO; N ; 3; ?D b J 3
(Follow Me Tool) & >

6; )b. .(freehand pencil) !U9 /
#\ ( edge) *$7
D J@6
] 39 D JS6* $g ;
S@\
J )b. J& $ (end of a path) & % 7
D /( extrude) :O9 = a3
. ? D 3 J@6
Follow ) & >
#_% . (Follow Me Tool) & >
Z 3; ?
9 ( Modification toolbar) J # 9 (Me Tool
. (Tools menu) * )+,
: B X\
. (context) , ~ Q S8 @4 Z4 =f ,-
:Manually Extruding a Face Along a Path

?D (extruding a face) / :O> (manual method) * :a
* *U
f / /$ 3 . b
e D a3 ] 8 (path)3;
S/A\ -/, (path) , q K. =f yh .(extrude) :O>
: (Follow Me Tool)
(path),- !@ B8R wO..4/A 4A S 0@2 B8X j -
. (path) ,- T4 w4A O ( profile) =f. SZ 0@2 !" -
K. - 4A ( profile) =f. SZ 0@2 A
. (path),-
: K = .@L 1 ! LM- (Follow Me Tool) S/A > -

. !"
114
. = O ( profile) =f. SZ 0@2 K. ~ -
(path),- SN ! (path) ,- q K. LM- R!-

jf ~-A Z4. 04- X LM- R,A - TA !-X .
S/A( profile) =f. SZ 0@2. L Z- ( path) ,-
B8R (edge) B8X >. u R T- . (Follow Me Tool)
(profile) =f. SZ 0@2 ~ - S/4Y 3 (starting edge) B4
=f. SZ 0@2 ~ (edge) B8R 3.A (extrude) yh !B .-/
. (profile)
.(path),- B4 K 0A O Q ~ >-

115
:Preselecting the Path

3 (select tool) \e Z 3; ;1; (path)3= \ a3
. 8!@(
>= Follow Me Tool) & >

:(pre-selected path) + , q K. =f( extrude) yh
. (path),-
0h-A S ( continuous set of edges) -,- 8R B-Z > -
. (path),-
Z4 8R ) B-C (Follow Me Tool) S/A > -
. !" : K = .@L 1 ! LM- ( + KA
( extrude) yh ! ub, = O ( profile) K. ~ -
.(pre-selected path) ! +- ,- q K. -,
Automatically Extruding a Face Along a Single Surface

Path
& >
J 3
3; ?D /( extrude) :O> *1? J
3; 8a D (path)3
>= V
h (Follow Me Tool)
ub! K. (path) , q K. =f yh .(single coplanar surface)6;
116
Follow Me ) S/A\ -/, (single coplaner surface)Q ,

: (Tool
!@B8R wO..4/A 4A S 0@2 B8X L -
. (path)3 -
. (path),-
. B-C (Follow Me Tool) S/A > -
(profile) K. ~@A - (Alt Key) Q K. ~@ -! ~ -
. = O
:B X\
"I ub, > T b,A Q ub! X 8X -N4 (path),-
. ub, X 8R T 8 (Follow Me Tool) S/A
117
:Creating a Lathed Shape

B.( Lathed ) @L( Follow Me Tool) & >
= a3
: B4C , -/!
. (path),- 0h-A (edge) 8X W X C !" -
K. =f @ 4 N ~ . C K. - =f !" -
. C~ -4
1 ! LM- B-C (Follow Me Tool) S/A > -
. !" : K = .@L
. .! O- b X\ -/, =f T C B8X TA -
118
:Offset Tool
coplanar ) 7 3; &$ * , a\ N; y3%
(Offset Tool)
$! (Offset) J =a3
. *S) N; T; 9 D
b( lines
+ / (Offset) J . &S) / \ J\ ; b( edges)
J # 9 (Offset Tool) #_% . /
(Tools menu) * )+, 9 ( Modification toolbar)
: Offsetting a Face.
: =f E RA S 8R ,!Y (Offset Tool) e T ;
. (Offset) 4 K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Offset Tool) > -
. = (Offset) 0- 4A O = f K. ~ -
S8 ! (Offset) B8, . (Offset) / 4R LM- X -
=f > 0>( Offset) 0- T b,A . (VCB) B- "@R O8
. C= f 0 b,- = f.
. T.N- ( Offset) A( Offset) ~ -
: Offsetting Lines
7 3; &$ =1
? * 1; aV (Offset) J \ G= a3
:b+ (Offset) 0-/ . ,)( connected, co-planar)

.S
b> +A Z4 . (Offset) 0- gA S b+ > -
)Q +! T b,A. X , S8 TA N/ B. h
. > 1 (Shift) Q ( CTRL
. (Offset Tool) > -
119
E> B/b K & jQ ! LM- .+ E> jf K. ~ -

. (nearest line segment)
.(Offset) B- 4R LM- X -
. b+. (Offset) A( Offset) ~ -
:B X\
TU LM- R! +- E+ jf K. X@~ A T b,A
C@ (Offset) 0- .3 O . LM- X "I w4A O T- S8 (Offset)
. N4 C 4
: Repeating an Offset Operation

* :>a (Offset) * 9 \ ;>/ D ;
P>
. 1 P69 / P6% D *%f (Offset)
:Entering Precise Offset Values
19 & \79 (Offset) 1; T
(VCB) *19 ! .$%
G= a3
. (Offset)
f J ; ; 7 S &$
. * 9 f( Offset) 1;
!
:B X\
04 \ -/, (VCB) B- "@R O8 S8 " Tq T b,A
. (default system) S! K B- R ! . S.:
.S! - 0-/,A o KX (3' 6") Tq T b,A : \h
: Entering an Offset Value

. ( ;>Offset) * 9 Z\ (Offset) 1 * , !
=a3
: B .-/ I( Offset) B- }>

.S
120
b> +A Z4 . (Offset) 0- gA S b+ > -

)Q +! T b,A. X , S8 TA N/ B. h
. > 1 (Shift) Q ( CTRL
. (Offset Tool) > -
#\ * a, , D h r61 E .V; #\ N; r D P> -
. (nearest line segment)
.(Offset) * , ! E 7 -
. ].9 >1 E D P> -
.$% &$ ( 20' or -35mm): *>3( >* Offset) *, =>? -
. (Return) 6; ( Enter)6; D P>( VCB)*19 !
121
:Intersect With Model Tool

N J 3
(Intersect With Model Tool) ?= ;= 1
N@ =?1
J ] 8
)b. . (complex geometry) 1 ;
>% S JO; (intersect two elements)
= $ M! J ;o9 . S ?= 1
`7 h b $7
)b. #_% . b b. .7
*+, 9 ( Modification toolbar) J # 9
. (Tools menu) )
:Creating Complex Geometry
- T Tq -/! (complex geometry) / @L 4@
: (Intersect With Model Tool)
. : 0h @\ ! L "! -
. T -f > Y K. ,\ I -
S !" K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Move Tool) R > -
. wZAY
) 4A 0@L B. T Tq4 W R X -
wf W X 8X fAY = PXY . (oRA ,
-U =" g (selected) + K4 Z4 .
.
. +- K. (Context-click) ! B, -
B-C (Intersect With Model) - T Tq > -
:?& $ $7 ! . (context commands menu) ,
.( !
- #> ;= @ ) @ %) $ =?1 &
. ( !
D ) @ +1>9 MK
e &> %) r 7 .7 -
=; >%)?= 1
*1a; &$ * 31; b; %> 9 57e
. @
122
:Intersect With Model, Groups, and Components

(Intersect With Model Tool) ?= ;= 1 N; $!
: ZO; . (current context) &! 3& $
?= ;= 1 r%( group) *; ? * 1 % 7
a\ (group) *( editing) * ; f( Intersect with Model)
( !
-D( ) @ group) * Ng 1>? , ?= 1
:Position Texture Tool

@ # 9 & ] @:>a
;%> Ng
Sketch ) ;%> =, , . p>@
%& > 1$ J_9
8a3 D =g
& #>G J 3
(Up's Position Texture Tool
(resizing) ! (repositioning) =g NG
?9
D *G ] ) 8
)b.] . *$g (distorting) /_
*+, N; )#_% . % D ?1 * 7 b @p>S JO; @
. (context menu for a Face entity) / 3
123
:B X\
04/ E8 -/!@ -4 (Position Texture Tool) T- .
ub, K. bA T b,AY . (flat surfaces) B4,- b, K. yb-
: -/!= .- T b,A K( curved surface) ,-
View > Hidden Geometry menu item view

=f -Z- 0-/A S Q- wf K. (texture) ( edit) X "I
. SR-
8 X K. - B4I B-Z S( texture)
O S8 0@2 0-/,A (texture) ( material) - R.b-
. U-
:Repositioning a Material
. (texture) 1= g N; * * & ( material) = g
: ( material) - TU}
! B-C / ( material) - K. (Context-click) ! B,-
. (context menu)
B4h B-C (Position option) T- > > -
A Bb- b+ ( matrix) B8Q .(Texture sub-menu)
(materials individual tiles) B4Q q\ - 2 - K.
. ~ B/ 4 K 1 ! LM- .
4A . TU } ub, K. E1N T LM- R! -
( Rotate) 4A >" I B I ub, K. , B, \ :
. (Flip)
>" I -4 LM- B, (texture) 04/A SA -
TU +. (texture) > E8 ~ (Done)
.(Position Texture Tool)
: B X\
/U K - } 4R I o S8 (Esc key) Q K. E1U
. y,
entire ) TU B .- 0 1 } A (Esc key) K. ~
T b,A TU B .-/ A - . ( texture positioning operation
( Undo) > -4 LM- ~@ o S8 p.+ K b> f
. (context menu) , B-C
124
:Material Positioning Pins

( * pins)P99 J 3
(Position Texture Tool) 1= g .
=,; D?* 3>9 9 * !]
! . >!
! N P99 .
! JO; t 9 E
M!3 * . D \
.(skew) !%e ( resize)
:b- (Position Texture Tool) TU
.(Fixed Pin Mode) oh E-
.(Free Pin Mode) R E-
:Manipulating a Material Using Fixed Pin Mode
( skew) L!
( scale) !9 (Fixed Pin Mode) 9O 9 #% 83
#% . O 9> O9 1
; (shear and distort) 1 /_
N; &
D>* 39 JG$)( Fixed Pin Mode) 9O 9
. (roofing textures) L13 , ( brick) 9a JO; (tile) ?Z9
: (Fixed Pin Mode) oh E- -/! - BZ /-
! B-C / ( material) - K. (Context-click) ! B, -
. (context menu)
Texture ) B4h B-C (Position option) T- > > -
- K. A Bb- b+ ( matrix) B8Q .(sub-menu
LM- . (materials individual tiles) B4Q q\ - 2
. ~ B/ 4 K 1 !
. - K. -4 LM- ~ -
3 @ 4 " ( Fixed Pins menu) Bh ~ B-C u.b >-
0 ! B. 4 . u.b- ( check mark) B\
specific position texture ) B:> TU B .- 0h-A B4 0
. (operation
125
. ~ X K. R, @~ - -

:B X\
=@4R 3 u-,4 0/ZA (pin grabs) K. X B,
E- .- B4 Bb ! @4Z T- . K. > T K
E- S8 Cf@ -4 BR wO . (Fixed Pin Mode) oh
. (Free Pin Mode) R E-( Fixed Pin Mode) oh
E9 P> ( modifying the texture) 1 ; * N; &
;-
* N; V (texture) 1 \ #1$ P> (Done) \ N)
.(Position Texture Tool) 1= g
:Fixed Pin Mode Options

* !* %1 ( P> )M!: Move Icon and Pin
* ; N; &
; .(reposition the texture) 1= ,; o 9
#1$ P> (Done) \ f N9 P> (modifying the texture) 1
. &
; (Enter) D P>= a3
./1F (texture) 1\
:Scale / Rotate Icon and Pin
D !
J 3
(pin) 9 ( Scale/ Rotate icon) *%1
(fixed pin location) 9O 9= ,; D ; (angle) *
( base pin)9 , D 9 , E M!. ;!9
; %> J
9 , 7 9* %1 M!. !
. /9
. b
e& $ #1; , .(rotate the material)
. (scale) !
N
#1 1 $ E 3;
126
!
] ! !& 1* a1 aV ? D 1 9 57e
]!9 &S) ! D F= a3
. =& S)
*+, N; (Reset) = \a3
.&S) 1 #V D E
.(Context menu) 3
:Scale / Shear Icon and Pin
*;o J 3
(pin) 9( Scale/Shear icon) ! / z1* %1
9 9 57e .&% J_9 ( shear and resize) !
z, (slant)
. * f> O 1
:Distort Icon and Pin
perspective ) T; 8!@
)J 3
9* %1) b.
. J_ D S =>a *; *SV b. . D (correction
: Manipulating a Material Using Free Pin Mode

8
(Free Pin Mode) ! 9 #% &$ \P999 #>

& P99
(stretch) a
( distort) L! ;D P99 M! ]
/_= * g JG$( Free Pin Mode) ! 9 #% . J>? D
R E- -/! - BZ /- . *$K
6 @ N; (distortion)
: (Free Pin Mode)
Texture ) B4h B-C (Position option) T- > > -
- K. A Bb- b+ ( matrix) B8Q .(sub-menu
B4Q q\ - 2
. - K. -4 LM- ~ -
3 o( Fixed Pins menu) Bh ~ B-C u.b > -
. ! ~ B/(check mark) yRA B\
127
~ X K. R, @~ - -

:B X\
E- .- Y B4 Bb ! @4Z T- . K. > T K
LM- ~ ( modifying the texture) BZ / SA -
B .- +. (texture) > E8 ~ (Done) > -4
.(Position Texture Tool) TU
Manipulating a Image as Material Using Free Pin

:Mode
S V3
; *S\ @9 6; (Free Pin Mode) ! 9 #%
; 9 U 9 D
!S = a3
: \h . J_ U
-/! : BZ /- . ;%> % &$ (photo-realistic door) +g
: (Free Pin Mode) R E-
. 0 b, =f -
:\-/, S X : 0h : (Insert) 0> -
Insert > Image as Texture
. T (Paint Bucket Tool) \q B. K = .@L 1 ! LM-
. B4 Bb TU =f X K. ~ -
(resized) "ZR ! W R B4 Bb / LM- R! -
. 0 b,- = f 8
. 0 b,- = f K. (texture) TU B I ~ -
B-C / ( material) - K. (Context-click) ! B, -
. (context menu) !
B4h B-C (Position option) T- > > -
A Bb- b+ ( matrix) B8Q .(Texture sub-menu)
(materials individual tiles) B4Q q\ - 2 - K.
. ~ B/ 4 K = .@L 1 ! LM- .
128
. (texture) K. -4 LM- ~ -

3 o( Fixed Pins menu) Bh ~ B-C u.b > -
.- ( check mark)B\
. ~ X K. R, @~ - -
:B X\
E- .- Y B4 Bb ! @4Z T- . K. > T K
~ ( modifying the texture) BZ / SA -
+. (texture) > E8 ~ (Done) > -4 LM-
.(Position Texture Tool) TU B .-
*3> :Fixed Pin and Free Pin Mode Context Commands
Position Texture ) 1= g J 3
; (Context click)
. (position texture context menu) 1= ,; * +, so (Tool
Position Texture ) 1= g N; V J 3
*+1 b. : Done
. (current texture position) &! 1= g 567( Tool
D( position of the texture) 1= g o J 3
*+1 b. : Reset
. (Position Texture Tool) 1= g :>3
& * g
) ( N/3 ) 1$ 1 M1 J 3
*+1 b. : Flip
. (J6/D
90 :1>3; * ;!fZf N; 7 1 o J 3
*+1 b. :Rotate
. *
! 9 #% &a% N9 ( toggle) #9 J 3
*+1 b. :Fixed Pins:
. (Fixed Pin Mode) 9O 9 #% ( Free Pin Mode)
position texture ) 1= g& \ ; F *+1 b. : Undo
;) . !* +, &$ (Undo command) ; Z\ D . (command
. #1$ 7= * 9
1= g* 7 D
(Undo) & F
*+1 b. : Redo
. (Undo command) ; J>, (texture positioning state)
:4ORA
/ $ J F (Undo button)Fo( The Edit > Undo );
.(texture positioning session) 1= g* 3 Z\
129
\ D
(Edit > Undo) * F& F
(The Edit > Redo) *
. b%9 , (texture positioning command) , =g;
:Wrapping Material Around Corners

L
]% (corner) N 7 L (texture) 1 J ;o9
: X p.4 0/ZA S@ . 9 S
(three-dimensional cube)/ SI\I /@ "! -
: \-/, (import an image) : !-

file----Import-------2D graphic
. : T > K = .@L 1 ! LM-
. . B4 Bb TU "! O8 S8 ~ -
(resized) " ZX 1 B4 Bb / LM- R! -
.
. o h B I ~ -
! B-C 8 K. (Context click) ! B, -
.(Image entity's context menu)
B@ S8 ! . (Use as Material) > -
- uQ -U (Model material library) -
.(Materials Browser)
1 ! LM- . (Paint Bucket Tool) B. > -
- uQ E2 !( paint bucket) : B. K = .@L
. (Material Browser)
130
B. -/! I( Alt key) Q K. ~@ -! ~ -

/. b 0@L K 1 (Paint Bucket Tool)
(eye dropper)
-. - B@ S8 1 K. ~- -
Materials ) - uQ -U (Model material library)
.(Browser
. (Alt key) Q X -
paint the ) - S.q 3f- =f K. ~ -
.(material
( material) - K. (Context-click) ! B, -
. (context menu) ! B-C /
L TNAY (Texture > Position)> -
. B I (Context click) ! B, -
Position ) TU . ! B-C (Done) > -
. (Texture Tool
-/! I( Alt key) Q K. ~@ -! ~ -
/. b 0@L K 1 (Paint Bucket Tool) B.
(eye dropper)
O> (eye dropper) b \ -/, K. ~ -
. -. B
. (Alt key) Q X -
. - S (sampled texture) B / : -
. X p. !
131
:Wrapping Material Around a Cylinder

p.A S@ .(cylinder) Bb! X p.4 (texture) 0/f }@
: Bb! X : 0h
(cylinder) *%ae -
. : T > K = .@L 1 ! LM-
. . B4 Bb (Drawing Area) "! O8 S8 ~ -
. " ZX 1 B4 Bb / LM- R! -
. o h B I ~ -
Model ) - B@ S8 ! . (Use as Material) > -
.(Materials Browser) - uQ -U (material library
.(Materials Browser) - uQ S8 (material) - K. B, -
T (Paint Bucket Tool) \q B. K = .@L 1 ! LM-
.
,X ,Q @ Bb!Y X & p.! - . - Bb!Y S.q -
. Bb!Y 0 X p. N
132
:Repositioning a Material on Hidden Geometry

04/A 3 / "I. Bb!= f 0h =f K. (texture) 04/A T b,A
04/ : \h. Bb!Y= f 0 K. /- texture) :
:Bb! K. (texture)
. (cylinder) Bb!Y -
. : T > K = .@L 1 ! LM-
.. B4 Bb (Drawing Area) "! O8 S8 ~ -
. " ZX 1 B4 Bb / LM- R! -
. o h B I ~ -
- B@ S8 ! . (Use as Material) > -
Materials ) - uQ -U (Model material library)
.(Browser
.(Materials Browser) - uQ S8 (material) - K. B, -
.(Paint Bucket Tool) \q B. K = .@L 1 ! LM-
133
,Q @ Bb!Y X & p.! - . - Bb!Y S.q -

. Bb!Y 0 X p. N ,X
.(Display > Hidden Geometry menu) B-C u.b > -
.Bb!Y wf X > -
! B-C 8 +- = f K. (Context click) ! B, -
.(face entity's context menu) =f
. (Texture > Position menu) B-C u.b > -
. =f K. (Reposition) TU -
Bb!( repositioned texture) TU( Sample) > -
(material browser) - uQ S8 (eyedropper) b
. (Paint Bucket tool) \b B. T (Alt key) Q 0-/!
@L\ g Qq} (Display > Hidden Geometry) K. ~ -
.(turn off Hidden Geometry)
B K. ( texture) TU / (sampled) B / : -
K. =/U Y= ! A> O ( texture) . Bb!Y
. Bb!Y 0
:Projecting a Material
(Sketch Up's Texturing Positioning feature) ;%> , =g* S\
9 @#3
b D @1 #3
N; G
]
* S\ @9 *; *SV b.. (slide projector) Z3
JO % D *9 S = ,; L\ *$K
$ S #3
:J ;D S #3 . *>

B 8gq Bq >(a cone) + - 0h - -
. = . E.,! - O . (building front) B4 Bf
. : T > K = .@L 1 ! LM-
. = . E.,! O - TU -
. 04- 0 Sb14 O " ZR K -
134
K 04R (Explode) > K. -4 LM- ~ -

. (projected texture) E.,
:B X\
. . (x-ray display mode) ~ B/L E- u8
. - 0 Sb1A W R o/U
uQ b ( Sample Paint Tool) B > -
Sample ) B R,A (Browser. Notice) -
tip of the ) K. T ! 8 (Paint Tool
projected ) E .,A E- S8 3 K 24 T- O . (tool
. (texture mode.
B T (projected texture) E .,A > -
.(Sample Paint Tool)
wf K. L ob.! - . - wf K. : -
. - bb+ K EU
135
h 0Q
:construction tools
; >%>& $ ( construction tools) >J@6 .& aF
9 * V3
& ( & ) construction tools)
physical ) & >a :f (
construction geometry)
:0-2A wO .(documentation
(Text Tool) (Measure Tool)
B-C S8 A 0Q O . (Dimension Tool) /
.(Tools menu)
: )b. e 8g & J_
: Tape Measure Tool

N ) ;J 3
(Tape Measure Tool) 1 #
, b. NG
. (dimension-related operations) > 9 *1
_%o # \%
.(3D space) &fZO G6& $ Na1% N9 *$3
Construction ) _%o* a1% %
(Construction Line entities)
. *?>G; 9U9 J; , (Point entities
_%o # N( ;Tape Measure Tool) 1 # #_%
. (Tools menu) * )+, N; (Construction Toolbar)
136
:Measuring Distance
B , C 0-/,A (Tape Measure Tool) E4L
: b B8,- . b B8,-
.(Tape Measure Tool ) E4L >
-
. E4L K = .@L 1 ! LM-
\ -/, . B4 Bb TU ~
-
K. EN L 3 . ( inference ToolTip) Y!Y
.(exact point) B4 Bb
3 ! =! 4A O wZAY LM- X
-
3 E+ O S4 S8 LM- / B4 - ! b>
K. A S LM- BX ,X 1A = .> "! 0@L
K. ~@ 3 R K Bb LM- R4 S B8,-
K Bb / 4A S B h Bb
R4 O E+ RA - X . b A / ! "
R- = E E ] >A =! "A O T.N /
o hA E- E+ O SQ+4 = R A O
. / E> @
" ! .(endpoint) B4 Bb K. B I ~
-
. (VCB) B- "@R O8 S8 b A /
:Creating Construction Lines and Construction

Points
Bb (Construction Line entities) 2} E >
2 E> . *,9 6; (Construction Point entities) 2}
E4L \ -/, (infinite parallel construction)SCY
: (Tape Measure Tool)
.(Tape Measure Tool) E4L >
-
. E4L K = .@L 1 ! LM-
! @O (line segment) E+ jf K. ~
-
B4 Bb TU (construction line) 2} E >K
Bb TA S "( On Edge") Bb K. ~@A Z4 3!
. (line segment) E+ jZ B4 B4
137
:B X\
2 E> =f BR "( On Edge")Y!Y Bb
2 E> ( "Midpoint") (Endpoint") . SCY
(construction point) 2 Bb T (finite construction line ) R
. B4 S8
- ! b> 3 ! =! 4A O wZAY LM- X
"! 0@L 3 E+ O S4 S8 LM- / B4
S B8,- K. A S LM- BX ,X 1A = .>
Bb K. ~@ 3 R K Bb LM- R4
/ ! " K Bb / 4A S B h
=! "A O T.N / R4 O E+ RA - X . b A
= R A O R- = E E ] >A
. / E> @o hA E- E+ O SQ+4
2} E >TU 4A S Bb K. B I ~-
B- "@R O8 S8 ! B C B8,- . (construction line)
.(VCB)
:B X\
2 Bb 4 ( "Midpoint") (Endpoint")
.(Construction Point)
:Entering Exact Values

! .$%(drawing construction lines) _%o a\ 9 1
9
& 79 ( offset) #V ; ? T (VCB) *19
\9 (different values) *6V; , !
=a3
. !9 , :>
&$ #V . M = \ ?a3
( VCB) *19 ! .$% &$
. E #V P ; b
138
:Scaling an Entire Model

(more-precise dimension) *, O 9 D] % , = a3
# 9 Na1% N9 *9a* $3! 9 * f

(Tape Measure Tool) 1
.(reference line) o #\ D #V .
: 04- 0
LM- .(Tape Measure Tool) E4L >
-
. E4L K = .@L 1 !
Y!Y\ -/, . B4 Bb TU ~
-
B4 Bb K. EN L 3 . (inference ToolTip )
.( exact point )
E+ jZ ~ Q B4 Bb K LM- X
-
/ B4 - ! b> 3 ! .(line segment)
(VCB) B- "@R O8 "! 0@L 3 E+ O S4 S8 LM-
. - X LM- 34R A - E4L q !
B8,- . E+ jf >B4 K. B I ~
-
. (VCB) B- "@R O8 S8 ! B C
O .(VCB) B- "@R O8 S8 E+. 4f "ZX 0>
-
proportional ) !- ! } 0-/, ! "ZR
o - 8 \C, 4 X : . 3f- (rescale
. - " ZR "/ ~. - 0 " ZRA 4A 3
:B X\
uQ BR,- o, ) S R - -U 2 S @ - E8
/4 @ -4. (Sf >p. B.-R- -Component Browser - @-
. - ZRA
139
: Protractor Tool
#\ %(
angles) r 1 J 3
(Protractor Tool) *1
. (Construction Line entities) _%o
_%o # N( ;Protractor Tool) *1 #
_
Measuring an Angle and Placing Angled Construction

: Lines
. r& $ 3 *r9 _%o #\ %= g G N;
: B4j 2 E> TU
X B. K 1 ! LM- B.- >
-
LM- j- oI -N>/-X ,- ( aligned)
B.- . 04-. u R wZAY R- 04- X B.- X -
Q} T b,A . B4 @ L} R- RA - ZA 1!
- (Shift key ) Q K. ~@ >wZA K. ( lock )
. .b- wZAY S8 B.-
140
B4j B- Bb K. B.- j Bb TU X ~ -

) Y!Y .! 4 S( vertex point of the angle)
. EN w4A O @ - S8 B.- . ( inference ToolTips
S B4j. E >T (base of the protractor) B.- X -

E+ q K. . (vertex) B4j B- / R, ! 4A
. (inference ToolTips) Y!Y . B.- A -
. BR R: E+ o/U 3
. B4j B4 TU B I ~ -

2 E >. , A S B4j. Sh E+ T RA W R B I B.- -
PXY . B.- X LM- T ! (dotted construction line ) E
) wO K jQ! B4j . Bf( ) 4 K 2A \B.-
0- . X =RA I B.- 4 LM- ( tick marks
B.- j / LM- @ 4 h B R! B4j
. B.- X R4
O8 S8 B4j }] B4j. Sh E+ K. Bh h -. ~ -
dotted construction ) E 2 E >. (VCB) B- "@R
S8 A S B- . B4j B4 K B4j wO K. N4 TU4 (line
141
the angular ) j B- /A (VCB) B- "@R O8

.(rotation value.
:B X\
E1N ( VCB) B- "@R O8 S8 >7 44 B4j B- TU
(34.1) 0h B42/ f@ A @ -4 B- . ( Enter ) Q K.
. 4f f 0 4 1A @ -4 B- wO . (1:6) 0h 0
:Locking the Protractor
. &! b
e D *1 J61 (Shift key) 6; J
: Entering Exact Angle Values
9 T
U9 , &( degree of rotation ) *

f( VCB) *19 !.$% &$ (angular degrees) *r
*1 Z 3; (drawing construction lines) _%o a\
the angular ) r* , \G= a3
(Protractor Tool)
*19 ! .$% &$ ( ;>slope) J( rotation value.
. (construction line)_%o #\ =g* r 19 1
; (VCB)
:Entering an Angular Rotation Value

*19 !.$% &$ *_ , =>? 9 *?>G; *!
#>G9 ]a (34.1) =>?: O . *1 7 E
9 (VCB)
1 P *r>* ! 3 1 . (34.1) 1; *
* 9 Z\ *1,@ 9 ** , !
=a3
. *3
.(rotation operation)
:Entering a Slope Value
(colon) @ 6; , = ?> (slope) J! *
*r>* ! 3 1 . (8:12) : JO; (VCB) *19 !.$% &$
Z\ *1,@ 9 ** , !
=a3
. *3 1 P
.(rotation operation) * 9
142
:Axes Tool
! )! J 3
(Axes Tool]
!; /
% Ng .O , :
]!9 MK! ;
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, b.)
3 19 O3~ *, &
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. (default coordinate planes) *1
#_% ! ; N # _%o ; *+, N)
R 34R : Moving the Drawing Axes !" :
> R- . w@L 1 ! LM- R T-Z K .
X - LM- b K S8 B! gA 3- ./ZA jXY I
4Z ) ! . ( coordinate origin ! jQR S2-A4 B K
LM-! 0-/ Y!Y )TU (inference ToolTips
j R- Z S8 4 @- O . EN w4A
-~ . . 3 O
-! R / LM- -R TU j R-. -X
! 0-/ Y!Y ). (inference ToolTips 3o4f
.- B R- . B
-~ . R- .
-! R / LM- -R TU j R-. N>Y!0-/
Y!Y ). (inference ToolTips 3 .- o4fB
R- . B
-~ > . R- .
o-Y 1 R- R- ! @ - K. 4 ,-
4Z/-X>.N
143
\:B X
1AR T !" , 14 \ . S R ]
/ -,.
:Resetting the Drawing Axes

> E9 P) N\ ) ; ( Reset+, N* 3 ) context
o (menu ! ,; D . (default position) &1
144
:Dimension Tool
> %= g J 3
( Dimension Tool ) >
. ]% &$ (Dimension entities)
_%o # N ( ;Dimension Tool ) > #_

:Placing Linear Dimensions
9)& fZO D 3
;%>& $ ( Dimensions ) 9)
. )\J 3
N( points) 1( Edges) $!. (3D model)
end ) )\1 :NG
*> 1. ( Dimensions ) 9)
(edge points) $! 1% (midpoints) *a 1 (points
(circle centers) + r( ;arc) 1 (intersections) ? 1
*a\ F 1 N9 ;Z /a>g N (Dimension leaders) 9) J.
G6& $ ;o , 6; 9)& &
$ ( non-linear )
.(3D) 9)& fZO
: 3f- S8 b / O>

."! K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Dimension Tool) / > -
. /. B4 Bb TU ~ -
. / 4A O wZAY S8 LM- X -
. / 4A W X B4 Bb K. B I ~ -
. - / / E > R, LM- X -
. / T o h Bh I LM- K. ~ -
X : S8 / BX = . b , " 4 /4 / T -f
. - ./
:Dimension Plane
NG .. 3; N; 7& $ ( dimensions) 9) .= \a3
: &( current axial planes) *! ! 3;

31
&* $ ! !3( /N>/-X N>/-X)
+ 19 3 D
! a1 a1 L@% 9 .
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N 3& $ =g .\E > 7.
.
:Placing Radius Dimensions
: K. (radius dimension) b p / TU
145
. K. ~ -
. - > / E> TU LM- X -
. +- B8,- K. / o h Bh I LM- K. ~ -
:Placing Diameter Dimensions

: C K. (diameter)b / TU
. K. ~ -
. - > / E> TU LM- X -
. +- B8,- K. / o h Bh I LM- K. ~ -
-
: Diameters to Radius, Radius to Diameter
Type > Radius or ) \ f (dimension) > D N) E9 P>
9 D( radius dimension) a1 L@% 9 F ( Diameter
. P 9 ( diameter)a1
146
:Text Tool
D( Text entities) z % o V3
(Text Tool) z
_%o # N; (Text Tool) z #_% .
: S8 3
.(Leader Text) 0
. (Screen Text) BL2
:Creating and Placing Leader Text
.( leader line) *e #( ! \Leader Text) J z
:(Leader Text) B Y TU . D_
0 b, T "! K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Text Tool) > -
. X \I =.>
leader ) B Y E >Bb K L 4 K. ~ -
. 0 = 24 O T- ( line
.= 8 4 4A W X BL2 K. T- K LM- X -
34R 3 >\ -@4 - ! ( leader line) B Y E>
. BL2 X LM-
text ) > : . (text) TU K. B I ~ -
"! 0h ( default text) S! T( ! entry box
B Y E+ B4 Bb o ( name of a component ) @-
( square footage ) T- " .Q ( component) @- o,-
. T- = f o,- B Y E+ B4 Bb o T-.
147
l
.(text entry box) > : S8(text) 0>
(Enter key) Q K. ~ (text) : ~ >-

. > -} A
:B X\
: (leaders) B Y b> 3
.View Based .Pushpin 148
2D screen ) /} B Ch BL2 wZA y./4 :View Based leader

.(orientation
- T 4( 3D space)/} SI\h NQ R4 :Pushpin leader
. 2- 1A
- ./ X : S8 BX +,A 4RA T b,A
.
: @8
=f }] (Text Tool) S8 @A =f K. ,
. (Text entity) C@
:Placing Screen Text

. 9 *a>
; 3 &* 9(
! Screen Text) z*
:(Screen Text) BLL TU
0 b, T "! K = .@L 1 ! LM- . (Text Tool) > -
. X \I =.>
BLL A 4A W X BL2 K. T- K LM- X -
.(Screen Text)
text entry ) > : . (text) TU K. B I ~ -
. ! (box
.(text entry box) > : S8(text) 0> -
Enter ) Q K. ~ ( text ) : ~ >-
(Screen Text) BLL . > -} A ( key
4A BZ / = A - 1 BL2 K. BI K!
. -
:Editing Text
) \e( Text Tool) z #_
=; ( text ) z D 3>
D N )E9 P> G= a3
. z ! (Select Tool
*+, N ( ;Edit Text menu) z*
! +, \( Text entity) z
.(Text entity's context menu) z
:Text Settings
&$ ( settings) o 9
(Text entities) z %
. ; ; 7 S &$ (Text panel ) z J17
149
:Section Plane Tool

) =a1= a, fU
J 3
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Section Plane ) =a1 3; % Z 3; ( Section Cut Effects
. ( section slice ) =a1; *! ( Entities
) _%o # N ( ;Section Plane Tool ) =a1 3; #_%
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: (section plane entity) Tb , B8U}
1 ! LM- . ( Section Plane Tool ) Tb , > -
. LM T Tb , K = .@L
, .- S8 f- wZAY R- X Tb , X -
R- 0@2 R =ZA /!( Section Plane Tool ) Tb
K. ~@ -! @~ / wZA K. 0QA T b,A . B4
. .b- wZAY S8 Tb , ( Shift key ) Q
BR4L . ( section plane entity ) Tb , TU ~ -
. (section cut effect)Tb- Tb IA (section slice) Tb
:B X\
o > B-Z K. 0-/4 ( !section plane ) Tb ,
Tb , O . (E8 BR4L 0- 4A S - 3.A > T b!Y
O S R , S8 @ 0 S8 (section slice) Tb BR4L !
. , S8 @ T -f Sb1 T!! BR42
:Manipulating Section Planes

( Rotate Tool) ( Move Tool ) *= !a3
] ?. \%= g 9 1

%= a1 3; =g o
. (section planes) =a1 3; * * \$g
:Reverse Cutting Direction

D N) E9 P>9 P N (section plane) =a1 3; b
context ) 3* +, N; (reverse) ( \section plane) =a1 3;

. (menu
150
:Changing The Active Section Plane

* \ F *a_%
O7 *g; (section planes) =a1; 3;
section ) =a1 3; #_ 1? ]. \ 3; =a1; JO; \
)\e( ;= section plane) =a1 3; D 3> : (plane
;h = \a1 3; D N) E9 *3> ( Select Tool
. (context menu) 3* +, N; ( Activate)
:B X\
. - S8 ! 0 @E24 @ -4 X( section plane) Tb- ,
@- ( group) B-Z- S8 (section plane) Tb- , O
\Q ! S8 /4 -Y o ~ Q S8 E24 @ -4 ( component )
B-Z = O = O - . @B-Z > Tb ,-
B/ 3.-4 (two other groups) 4> -Z N4 R4 O ( group)
B4,- B-Z- 0 ! > B-Z B4 ) ! > BQ.+ !
-U RA B-Z 0@ X ! ( top level group ) ./
B/ O>A @ -4 (( top-level group ) B-Z-. S / ,-
. o ~ Q S8 Bb2 Tq
:Creating Grouped Section Slices

; \ f (Section Plane ) =a1 3; D N) E9 P> -
.(context menu) 3* +, N; (Slice) *! N; (Create Group)
* ;Ng (encapsulated) LF
$7 . -
b. . b?= ;= 1 (section planes) =a1 3; O7 (group)
) 6
, ( section outline) M% D
! , *
`
7 N; (geometry) J_
; ;= $7 *%; $ (exploded
.1 ; J * [39 (slices) 8+ J ] 8
*1 b..
:Exporting Sections
=a1; *! =; ]% ( } section cut effects) @9 ] 83 ;%>
. 36% ( section slices) =a1 8+( { section slice )
:Exporting Models with Section Cut Effects

) % N; % (
@ section cut effects ) % @
section ) ( Section planes) =a1 3; . ( bitmap image file

Section ) =a1 3; . * D . @L& $ T (cuts
. (section cuts) ( planes
151
:Section Slice...
*S\ Z 3; (section slices) =a1 8+ G @ N ;%>
2D vector ) N >
* e?= 1 . ( Section Slice Export )
*
e?= 1 9 * &
@1a P69 *,9 1
N ( sections
. (2D vector sections) N >
: Using Sections with Pages

*!6@& $ /T67 N (Section Plane Tool ) =a1 3; #_
. (Tour Guide) *1

f( ! Section cut effects ) . (page)
:Align View
=a1 3; * +, N( ;Align View) _ ; ;! J
model ) ;_ /
o (Section Plane Context menu)
. J . (Section Plane ) =a1 3; D ;_ D( view
sectional ) = a1; ( Para line mode) #% =;
>e9 ;)
. ] 7 /a1% N; (perspective views) /T; ( ;_elevation
152
T! 0Q
-: Camera
(-) ;%9 Ng (camera tools) @* h 31 .!
point of ) T* a1% * J 3
&* @ &
] ) h
. ( view
: NG
)b.
zoom tool Pan tool Orbit tool
153
-: Previous
;_ \N ;J_ :93 _ D N ] ;V .
. (Standard Display Option) *1 so
: * ) [
9 V .= a3
.Orbit Tool , Par Tool , Position Camera Tool , Look Around Tool
*h # N; ; ) b. #_
. (Zoom tools) > N;
. @* h *+, N; @
-: Standard View
: * ;!, *?= 1% 9 ;%> %r
: S wO B4
Top
154
D )N; J__ 9 1% `7
Front
);N; J_ ;_ N;
(*6V& ) $ %6 V .)
Back
LV N; J_ * N;
Left
3 N; J_ * N;
Right
N N; J_ ;_ N;
ISO
*3 /n9 J_ ;_ N;
Bottom
J6) N; J__ 9 1% `7
:@8
paraline ) T -/!@ -4 ( Standard View ) B ! 2-
S8Y Eb+- (elevation)-/ Eb+- : !4@ (projection
. (Section)Tb- (plan)
:Printing Standard Views in Perspective Mode
Perspective ) T #% &$ ;
:>a
T *1 N%1
9)& +f &]
% (export) @
(
?>= mode
.$% &$ 19 N ( output) (2D vector)
3 ( _ Top ) D )N _ ;:h- . ( Drawing Area )
&1$ #aV;
Ne N *1a P69 ;_F ( Isometric )
#% &$ ;%> N ; ( Isometric ) 3 ( ;plan ) &117
. (Paraline mode)
: B X\
B-C u.b ( perspective projection ) B /U S8 @A
(.u: ) B\ = . 4 B & B-C S8 (Perspective menu) -
-: Perspective
; %>& $ = * )a3
>? N & _ D* $go
J _a\ `
7. (Axonometric);%3 D3
;* a\
$ (Perspective) T; . G 9 =; * ;9)& +O 3
. &Z* a1% &$ &
/ *1$) aV
155
Perspective ) T & ;_ - ;%9 &$ *1 * g
* aV * ;_ g* 7 &$ J
= a3
N( View
** ;1$) aV& * $ MK N ]( Paraline Projection)
. G >
: B X\
ISO ) E, 0h -A ~ S8 (ISO) ",Z- @ 2
!A S8 X , Y , Z R- q K. SL = 8 @4 O ( Metric
B4 B ! @ B4 .4( / )44 Bq, 2- O
. / SI\h NQ S8 04-
:Using the Isometric (Iso) View

,& 117 ( Isometric view) 3; ;_ D; ! ;_ %>
3 ;_ #_
( ;current view angle) &! * ;_ D
@* h / (Orbit Tool) J . ( Isometric view)
view) 3 ;_ #_% \. \ ;_ D 3 ;_ F \h ;D
actual Isometric ) & 6 3 ;_ D (lock) >O (Isometric
D ! true Isometric ) (view &11! 3 ;_ 9 .
. (view
.(Paraline mode) * aV #%
-: Field Of View
*& ; $ > G!e J 3
** ; +, & ;
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= 9 ] 83 `!9
156
:Orbit Tool
J_ 7 9* fZf &$ @* h o J 3
(Orbit Tool)
#_
. V N ;J_ T
; 6; )b. . 3
. ;# N; * ; +, J \N( ;Orbit Tool)
:Orbiting the View
-/! -U 34R. . (3D orbit ) E
( Orbit Tool )
:(Orbit Tool)-
!-! K = .@L 1 ! LM- .( Orbit Tool )- > -
.>\
. -4 LM- K. ~ -
(drawing area) "! O8 j X 4. wZA K LM- X -
:Pan Tool
D 1$ ( camera tools ) * @h ] !J 3
)b.
.(picture plane) @3; ?
*+, N; ( Camera Toolbar) * @h # N; ; ) b. #_
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. D E J ) !b. \
:Panning the View
3 . ( pan operation) * * !E
(Pan Tool) !
: (Pan Tool) R -/!
. 4 K = .@L R4 LM- .(Pan Tool) R > -
. ,4 LM- K. ~ -
. 0@2 34R @K LM- X -
:Panning While in the Orbit Tool (3 Button Mouse)
* g& $ ( ;
Shift key) 6; D P>& $ P>
P> . *,E; @9 (Pan Tool) !#_ ( Orbit Tool)
E D] .9 3
P>
9 3eE D P>& $
. (Pan Tool) !#_ #)
157
:Zoom Tool
E J ) >b. #_
; $ F@
) > b. J 3
*h *+, N ) ; ;b. #_

N .( - +) *;Z = * ;> ;D
b>
J_ N * ;1
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* 9 ] J 6

bF@
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;
>
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* J 3
; (Zoom) = ,; 1 E= ,; .
J_
. 3) E J 3
; (Zoom) r ;1 *_ r ;9 E
r D 3) E9 N
; P>9 , T* a1% !
F
. & $ J_
:Perspective Adjustment (Field of View)
( exact perspective) >G T D( screen) * _#>g
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*3V9 = ;G
( "45 deg) :O * $ (Zoom Tool) >

@
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( _ 45 degree Field) * 9
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J 3
( ;Shift key ) 6; D P> P>9 _ ;
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9 .
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:Zoom Window Tool

/ % . !& N ;r D (Zoom) J J 3
)b.
*+, :? N * @ h # :? N ; ) b. #_
. ;>
. b>

. r9 #! Z
a3; f @* h
Keyboard Hot Key: CTRL + Shift + W

:Zooming in on a Portion of Your Model
jf X B. b, @A O8 . O8 O "! 3 u A wO
0> T4 O jZ ( !@ Zoom Window Tool ) @
: O8 0> T4 O jZ @ . O8
158
-> 8O @ ) . (Zoom Window Tool LM-

! =.@L 1 @ B! K . 1: T T
-~ !. 3 O - K LM- B4 B8,- ,4 @
4A S8 S8 4O @ .b wO B O8 B4 @ .
-! R LM- K /-~ b B48 BO @ .
X- @A LM- T -f :/ oR:>8 0O
@ . wO @ ! .- . BL2
:Zoom Extents Tool
b.)
> J 3_ D *73&
= J ; +;r
.$% &$ .
_ # b.) ; ; # N *h@ ; *h *+, N@ .
Keyboard Hot Key: CTRL + Shift + E

:Position Camera Tool
;@+, 8a* ;,= *h@ 3 ;,= *h@ &
] 83
!9 ; N,= *9fT );3; _; JO T( ..
V ; J 3= ) )\3; . T &$.( J *73
:Walk Tool
. ); G!3 _& \ J 1
]% *117 *9
\ J .
J 3 \Z Z\ &_
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%] \@ S ] ! ;=
*h >O@ D
6 \
9 *[ 83@ 9 7 U9 ] !@ &$ J#
T . #1$
159
!-/ Z. S2- S8 - ) Using the Walk Tool to

: (Tour Your Model
Z +,A !! . B \> S.QA S2- X - .
-/!Y Z S8 BX ,. - :
> Z ) : ( Walk Tool .@L 14 B4 X 0@L KO
PXY O8 LMA (VCB) B- "@R QA 8 ) 2
ZA 3@7 ( feet 0 3> QA , 2A - .
~ ! R LM- K @ O8 S8 !"\ 1: T-f B
) S8 TU! (Tq /L @- O . = . ~@A
X ) K.x LM-( !,4 (p.+. ) 0Q ) O. K ,(
O. ) -4 K \> S2-. ( - X -f 3/ -. )/L
(Tq -. o! .
\ X: B
~ !Q K. ~@ - )RA - (Shift LM- K K. K
! 0Q 3@-4 3 / j Y , K . p.+
~ !Q K. ~@ - ) . ( CTRL Y . S2-
~ !Q K. ~@ - )Q (ALT \> S2- Z
]R.: B
g- Z >\ - Z T . 4Wide ) B4
E2 (Field Of View ) (Zoom~ !Q K. ~@ -
) "I (Shift~ ! R K K.!Z 4/ 0Q 4 0 B S2-
>\ - .
160
+,A 3 X : S2-

> P D P>9 E) J 3
; # o
Z T 7 ) ( Look Around Tool
;_ T ] 3; *39
U9 e _& .
S r%
&$!
`!9 S!
]% &$
@ D g& *h D1>

9@ 9
6 .T
:Look Around Tool

T 7 ) *h >O J 3
( Look Around Tool@ 7 *a1%
*a1% D *9f_@
b.) _ zV7 Z9 L, ! 9
/ D) D D) J6 M% N; J. (Pan) M% D
b.) ;6 T\ JG6 1* 9
; *h =g@ ) . ( Position Camera Tool

_ # b.) ; ;+, N* _& \Z ) Walkthrough
(Tool ; *h *+, N@ .
:Looking Around
wO MA .- ( Tilt ) 0 - R( Tilt ) B ( Pan ) B
R-/! (Pan) B ): (Look Around Tool
> ) 0@L 1 ! ( Look Around Tool LM- K
/ B!".
~ LM-. ,4
X LM- K K. K! ( Tilt ) 0 -. 0Q K - ,
R.. (Pan) B
4RAQA , )QA -: ( /

\ J
6 ;3 *eT@ .$% &$ ! f (VCB) *19>D P
;6 ) (Enter )
; (Return &$ )(Look Around Tool
F
6 *h@ $ 8a) .
E 2 @A S8 2-: S

> P #_ E # )
; ( Look Around &$
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161

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1

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