Generic Name LACTULOSE Duphalac, Cephulac, Cholac, Chronulac, Constulose, Enulose, Generlac, Kristalose

Classification Gastrointestin al agent, hyperosmotic laxative

Indication Lactulose is suited for the treatment of constipation and in hepatic encephalopaty .

Action - Relieves constipation - Decrease blood ammonia concentration

Special Precaution Patients with diabetes, pregnancy.

Contraindication Patients who require a low lactose diet Patients with galactosaemia or disaccharide deficiency Patients on a galactose and/or lactose free diet Patients with intestinal obstruction

Side Effects Side effects: Abdominal cramps, belching, diarrhea, distention, flatulence Adverse Reaction: Nausea, vomiting

Dosage and Availability (Adults) 10-20 g (15-30 ml) P.O. daily, increase to 60 ml/day if needed

Nursing Responsibilities -Assess patients condition before starting therapy, & regularly thereafter to monitor the drugs effectiveness. -Be alert for adverse reactions & drug interactions. -Replace fluid loss

RANITIDINE Aceptin, Ceranid, Danitin, Eu-ran, Incid, Renfort, Ulcin, Zeptag, Zantac

Antiulcerative

duodenal and gastric ulcer, maintenance, therapy for duodenal ulcer, gastroesopha geal reflux dse, erosive esophagitis for occasional heartburn, acid ingestion & sour stomach

Inhibits action of H2 at receptor sites of parietal cells, decreasing gastric acid dysfunction.

patients with hepatic dysfunction -pregnant women -breastfeeding mother/wome n

Patients hypersensitive to drugs or any of its components

Side effects: Blurred vision, vertigo, malaise, jaundice, burning or itching at injection site Adverse Reaction: Angioedema, anaphylaxis, reversible leukopenia

Dosage: (Adults)150 mg twice a day or 300 mg after every meal or at bedtime Available forms:

-Be alert for adverse reactions and drug interactions. -Assess patients GI condition before starting therapy and regularly thereafter monitor the drugs effectiveness.

-Instruct client to take Capsules: 150 drug mg, 300 with or without food mg Tablets: 75 mg, 150 mg,300 mg Syrup: 15 mg/ml Granules (effervescent): 150 mg Dosage: -Asses patients

MANNITOL

Diuretic,

-diuretic to

Increases

pregnant

Those with

Side effects: