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issue No (529)

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2^000

2^000

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1^980

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1^975

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1^890

*
1^390
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1^470
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1^390
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2^290
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2^290
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0^700

0^720

4^790

4^790

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5^090
0^140
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5^070
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0^275

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11
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18
19
20
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22
23
24
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27
28
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30
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33
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k ``jQ 21 h ,G ``K ``
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24h `` jQ 22^500 ``H ```H````dG Jje ```Y
cdG dG RQC S bCG H h .``jQ
S bCG Hh ,``jQ 8^24 c 20 Rh (Na)
,jQ 15^17`` H c 45 Rh cH H RQC
c 10`` dG Rh d H S bCG H H
Rh d S bCG Hh ,d ``jQ 3^585
S bCG S bh ,d jQ 8^695 c 25
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2011/10/1 e AGHG FGdG OGG QSCG Fb


dG jdH d H S bCG
c/IdG Rh
dG GfCG
d
8^240
20
(Na) cH H RQCG
16^265
40
(Na) cH H RQCG
15^170
45
cH H RQCG
6^205
20
cH (386 ) RQCG
13^340
45
cH (286 ) RQCG
3^960
20
cH 9 - jG RQCG
8^670
45
cH 9 - jG RQCG
8^430
45
cH 6 - jG RQCG
5^245
20
Sj jJ RQCG
11^555
45
Sj jJ RQCG
3^850
20
HCG jJ RQCG
8^430
45
HCG jJ RQCG
4^985
20
jHQH jJ RQCG
8^910
45
jHQH jJ RQCG
18^300
45
g RQCG
3^585
10
S
8^695
25
S
17^120
50
S
c e SY
6^950
15
7^705
15
cJ e SY
8^990
15
MCG e SY
8^925
15
(S 8 Y ) jObG IdG

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

FGdG WMGh Rd edG dG :QG

ObG

2011 HcCG 6 aGG `g 1432 IdG P e 8 G

G S

f 5542 ie Y ZCG

dG OhJ hGdG bh .. %0^26 jh dG jf UGj e S


d H jDhdG

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% 1.42 j zSd QL{
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2011/10/05 jQCH dG GQhCd e S edG hGdG cM

edG dG
dG
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0^100
0^100
0^100
0^500
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
1^000
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
1^000
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100

bdG dG

VY NCG

W NCG

61,200,000^000
29,251,406^340
4,146,250^000
43,200,000^000
24,276,407^004
158,000,000^000
113,850,000^000
46,725,000^000
9,702,000^000
12,240,000^000
12,250,000^000
17,222,632^000
3,412,906^586
16,500,000^000
23,650,000^000
858,750,000^000
12,400,000^000
95,037,525^000
489,652,507^620
255,565,889^040
1,020,382,232^844
21,667,272^770
45,036,000^000
36,000,000^000
5,850,000^000
25,685,000^000
38,966,400^000
75,906,900^000
401,632,589^910
225,150,000^000
176,873,222^658
335,110,000^000
199,600,000^000
11,917,864^750
19,920,000^000
9,609,070^861
57,434,050^615
208,372,500^180
29,308,529^250
30,724,898^160
3,129,000^000
80,157,000^000
147,238,355^950
3,740,000^000
62,790,000^000

1^229
0^116
0^063
1^400
0^395
0^157
0^450
0^447
0^127
0^105
0^099
0^228
0^059
0^056
0^216
1^145
0^126
1^600
0^535
0^265
0^660
0^143
1^620
0^180
0^095
0^470
0^411
11^050
0^617
2^370
0^624
0^310
0^999
0^357
0^168
0^159
0^295
0^260
0^168
0^244
0^148
0^350
0^445
0^045
0^690

1^210
0^115
0^062
1^350
0^390
0^156
0^448
0^446
0^125
0^102
0^097
0^221
0^058
0^054
0^215
1^137
0^124
1^551
0^500
0^261
0^659
0^131
1^605
0^165
0^093
0^458
0^410
11^000
0^612
2^350
0^622
0^309
0^976
0^355
0^167
0^157
0^292
0^259
0^167
0^243
0^147
0^347
0^435
0^044
0^662

NGS
U
1^229
0^116
0^062
1^350
0^395
0^156
0^448
0^447
0^126
0^103
0^097
0^221
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0^135
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0^180
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11^000
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0^997
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0^167
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0^295
0^260
0^168
0^244
0^147
0^347
0^440
0^044
0^700

dG f
%
2^598
1^739
1^639
1^427
1^028
0^637
0^446
0^225
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^0270^1620^2110^3180^3220^3990^5600^5990^6330^6730^7631^1701^2051^3251^4201^9822^2224^110-

dG
.Q
0^031
0^002
0^001
0^019
0^004
0^001
0^002
0^001
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^0030^0010^0050^0020^0010^0040^0020^0010^0010^0020^0020^0020^0030^0020^0050^0090^0010^030-

HdG ZEG

ZEG S

fOCG

YCG

dG

dG

OdG

dG bQdG

1^193
0^115
0^061
1^331
0^389
0^157
0^448
0^444
0^126
0^102
0^098
0^229
0^058
0^055
0^215
1^145
0^124
1^551
0^535
0^264
0^659
0^130
1^620
0^180
0^096
0^467
0^410
11^004
0^618
2^375
0^629
0^311
1^002
0^357
0^167
0^158
0^297
0^262
0^171
0^249
0^151
0^352
0^454
0^045
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1^224
0^117
0^062
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0^393
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0^130
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11^001
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0^260
0^169
0^246
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0^445
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0^700

1^220
0^116
0^061
1^350
0^390
0^156
0^448
0^445
0^126
0^102
0^097
0^221
0^058
0^055
0^215
1^135
0^124
1^551
0^535
0^264
0^657
0^135
1^620
0^180
0^095
0^457
0^410
11^000
0^610
2^350
0^622
0^310
0^980
0^353
0^165
0^157
0^295
0^260
0^167
0^244
0^147
0^346
0^440
0^044
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1^229
0^117
0^062
1^350
0^395
0^159
0^450
0^447
0^127
0^103
0^098
0^221
0^058
0^055
0^215
1^145
0^125
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0^264
0^663
0^135
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0^180
0^095
0^458
0^411
11^005
0^620
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0^168
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0^297
0^261
0^174
0^250
0^151
0^352
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0^045
0^700

14
18
15
4
5
55
21
3
8
8
12
1
3
16
3
22
26
1
1
26
119
3
1
1
1
5
16
7
72
6
54
18
12
6
23
11
25
15
23
60
28
12
9
4
1
794

9,541
12,760
6,396
77,895
9,465
70,839
20,421
2,449
1,895
5,971
3,367
884
1,102
13,921
860
44,051
23,260
931
4,066
138,425
363,769
423
66
90
475
2,047
46,783
44,005
162,473
42,877
233,271
100,200
15,437
4,621
26,100
6,782
23,699
33,823
11,916
63,654
14,423
4,671
2,670
3,100
14,000
1,669,873

7,795
109,443
103,356
57,700
24,066
448,082
45,403
5,500
15,000
58,427
34,479
4,000
19,000
253,100
4,000
38,476
187,500
600
7,600
524,336
551,835
3,134
41
500
5,000
4,472
114,104
4,000
263,319
18,092
372,124
322,870
15,472
13,000
156,759
43,200
80,290
130,050
70,415
259,232
96,979
13,464
6,000
70,000
20,000
4,582,215
45

Wd Y
jd IG
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jRGG dG
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bdG dG

VY NCG

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1,086,895^368
2,238,000^000

0^054
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0^053
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0^054
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dG f
%
0^000
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0^054
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0^054
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0^054
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0^055
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16
3
19

2,611
1,119
3,730

48,341
2,995
51,336
2

fG G
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1^115

1^100

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2
2

1,225
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1,114
1,114
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. e H GS
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VY NCG

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35,545,412^100

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1^100

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%
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9,875,317,412

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1,674,828

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4,634,665
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0^261^060^020^03-

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14^6263^311^540^71-

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5,556^75
5,981^97
6,233^78
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5,542^13
5,918^66
6,232^24
2,405^69

fOCG
5,542^13
5,918^47
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5,562^26
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TDG
30 e S TDe
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AGdG f
(OY)
85^79 %
0^74 %
1^73 %
11^74 %

G hGJ
dG f
(b)
62^91 %
4^14 %
0^79 %
32^16 %

dG f
(OY)
77^70 %
2^93 %
0^78 %
18^59 %

AGdG f
(b)
85^43 %
4^39 %
0^87 %
9^32 %

fY
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e `` H `` `fCG ``` ` S``` S ``` ` ` jh
e fGhdGh dG H dG
dG I``Mh ````fG YSh L
fGhdGh da .fK L e
fG YS ``eCG ,fG b g
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OGe fCH jeCG AGdGh jhOCG IQGOEG b


RG Y S KCJ dh H fe
FGH J M .WCd cG dG
H J dGh YdG jdG
J G jZCG h jRdG HhG
GdG e ````fEG Y jjS ``VG``YCG
. SCGdG QGhOh dGh
cCG EG jG dG Q```TCG dc
G ``````G ````dG ``e % 80 ``e
OGG UNh YU G``dCG Y j
ITe ``b``Y ```d ```dGh ,`````G ```FG```dG
.HdG dM QXh bQdG IdG WH
Fc OG``e cdG H J c
FGdG OGd fG dG AW Vd
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J M ,dG U e G FGdG
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fEG UN WdG J FdG
WSh dG WSh MdG WS e
OGG QdG ce J c .G
eM IO``e e Ic ``VG``ZE FGdG
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Vd `````d```dG Sa IO`` eh ``jR```dG
J M HU cCG G AGdG L
OGd IOc jOdG Sa IOe
d SGQO AdG QM d .FGdG
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N j FGdG OG``G OG``G ```d
G e ddG IOe UeG Y

h ,dGh HdGh `` HhQhCGh IG ``j``dG ``j``LCG


Ge O``Y Y dG OG``aCG MdG CS SGQdG ``g
JM H Geb K ,SCH dG Lh hJ
HS e e a S 30 EG 4 H hGJ Gd
.dH
eH edG dG c e jQXe ThQGO Uh
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Y FGM UN Ic FGZ FGa dG j Y
VJ J ``KC`J j ``dG ``eCG ``gh ,3 ehCG
dOCG e jdG gh ,d dhj ``dG dG
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L J i dGh ,e H VjdG
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H SCG dhj jdG UTCG CG SGQO db


dH ``H```UE`d ```V``Y ``bCG ``f```j ``` ` SCG G``e
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T dCG 400 e j e fH SGQdG q Jh
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fh ``dG V Y HjEG gKCd ``dPh dH
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SG IO``j``H UdG `` fGhC ``H````dG ``e ``fCG G```nq `Hh
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IdG T AdG GOY d H GQSG Y
IdG ```J `` N ``` ` c``H ICG`` ` eG 2600 `````UCG ```M
.e b c SG hCG IdG j e
e G``cCG 3 hCG Hc HT JGdG AdG CG JGh
bCG LQH cH HUEG VJ kej IdG
HT ``e ``eCG ,IdG Hj JGdG ``e %15 H
HUEG ````MG `````fG ```a k``e``j `` cCG hCG G`` `cCG 4
.%20 cH
g fH I````dG Hj ``J``dG AdG CG ``M``dh
JQH HUEGh d VY bCGh ,Nd cCG VY
.dGh dG V
UCG UTCG j CG MG EG MdG QTCGh
CG GM c ,IdG T Y keGbEG ``bCG AdG G``G
hG e fEG M ,dG b g cG VGYCG gCG MCG
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.fj G j

EG OD` `j ``b I````dG ``` T CG ````j``eCG ``` SGQO O`` `aCG


AdG j M ,cH AdG HUEG MG J
EG ODj b IdG adG CG SGQdG Y FdG
adG e dG IdG EG M ,edG Ac J
.He Ff EG ODJ
AdG ```UhCGh ,T ``dCG 50 Y SGQdG ``j``LCGh

```dG W````H HUEG W```fl j Q``dG ``` :SGQO


Y kGN kGjJ QdG CH VGdG a ,Gd
Yh ,dRe e dGREG Y dG j Yh ,U
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j ?``````dG Q````dG j ```e ``c :``gh ```G
,Jbe b H HG Z QdG GSG
M g WdG e IG VGeCG e da
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Z QdG Y jG G GSG Ea ,Gd
j EG ,fEG U Y kGc kGN j HG
bdG g Qd IG dG e g a .k
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jdG e bdG G bG bh dG
f HG Z ef M fEa ,jdGh
ke ASG IQhV g R``Jh .k a e kM kGA``L
.JMh U Y d ,QdG Y

Y kjCG acG dGh ,dG J OLH ICG``G


.GLeG TCH jdG jW
IjT ```J ```a ``jQ```c ``f``LQhCG OG`` dHh
.e kG``L IU Y VdG d M ,dG
cc AfCG L kGL c H OGG g cGJh
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jdG jLCG SGQO Ff Hh .WdH HUEG
fc ``` dG ``W``` ` H ``H``` ` G AdG" C` ` H I``` ` G
fCG (QdG e) ``jQ```c``f``LQhCG je
e FH 60h 50 H MhGJ H YCG jd dG
SGQdG L Jh ."VH HG Z AdG
CG ``gh ,````G ``e```U f ```V``G G```H ```U``G
c Qd (QdG) dG VdG K Y jj e
G jW Y UeGh OGG J S f
.G ee e

IN FMEG g CG a T h .H HhQhCG
.kGL
HUEG e FH 30 dG WS jh
e hO e jdG WdG Ve G``fCG H
Y J ```dG WS CG c ,``` ShCG dG
GQ``eEG kGQ`````fG WdG ``V``e G``fCG ``cCG ``e ``fCG
Y ,GaGdGh WGG e AdG H ,IG HdG
e CG EG J GDdG CG EG aVEH ,AGS M
g ``e VCG N JS ```dG WH ``H```UEG
.2025 S BG Y
GQhCG G`` ` fCG `` `bCG `` MCG ``` dG ``W``` S ``` j `` bh
dG ``VG``YCG hCGh .`````dG i``d ``ah```G fWdG
c Q```X ``g ``V``G G```H ``H```UE`d Me ```
.iNCG dG fCG H e Y e J
J M dG WH HUEG cG j IOdG h

V HUEG eGY e fCG Y jM SGQO c


eG jhdG OGH dG J dG WS
b M ,(HG J eG) QdG YU
.dG WH HUEG SCG e ke kS J
dG IFL edG gGLCG jM SGQO Hh
cH UG dG d e BG TGQ H GM
G OGG H e CG (KGQdG) G SGQd HdG
jQcfLQhCG OGe dG WS dH U
jhdG ``e ``` a `` gh organochlorine
jdG OG``Gh QdG e J j dG YdG
.HdG Y cJ dG
VGeCG cCG e g dG WS CG SGQdG cPh
EG SGQdG Jh ,GQeEG AdG H kYT G
GS Y b IdG AD`g j dG WS CG
hdG A`````dG ``H```UE Me ``dG ````dG ``e

I`` `SCG

2011 HcCG 6 aGG `g1432 IdG P e 8 G

edG dhDG H SCG dj hNBGh ..jdG ICGd gCG cCG dG

..AdG Oj RG eY Y OYG GaEG


FdG cG d fGdG jH MGbGh
jdG e IMGh RG eY eRCG JH
S ,G e j dG YLG
AGS dG Z gGdG H J e
,dG VdG hCG dG hCG HdH j a
EG Qj e RG eY e a
ZQ H hCG eG jd f dG
EG ,Yhe Z iNCG QBe JGP
Y G OYG CG c dP gdG CG
LGJ M e UCG RG eY
jW Y KDjh AdG Oj ,G
Y J CG j dG G HdG
.dG d UCG dGh GOdG
OLh IQhV dG a cCG dG bdG h
EG ,WCG Heh H jd G edG
ec dhDG H SCG GdW hNBG CG
b Y J LCG eH fSG hO
.T G
Y jJ Vh j CG WGe bGh
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ac Y edG j CG gCG GhcP M
Y QLEG hCG H SG Y j bM
.dG

dG MCG -jDhdG
ddG hg Ic CG FdG ijh
Y ,jGdG NBG dG IaGdG
IgX UCG M G hO Y
e f f e EG Ajh ,ej
d ``M ```Vh j G``d ,``KQ```dG ``g
J CG ``` jh ,``` Y``` ` LG ``c``` ` G
HbQ ``f``b ZU G ```G
Vhh hdG ce e d jL
FdG J ``e aGJ I``j``L ```dBG
VJh ,LJh edG JG dG
edG c H dG Y j e
gc ffEG gQYH edG ``e
C GMG J CG j Gd SdG e
Jh Y UG ``b ``aGO ``dP
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c GPEG ```dG ````dGh , fY I```SCG
idG ``````G ```Y `` fCG O``` Th
CG i`` NCG G ``` Gh ```e```dG ddG dG , HW e e H
.jT jQ 100 Y j JGdG
```G ```VGh ```S```SCG QhO d ```j
FG ````dG A``` dEGh dG J
e Z Y
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CG G ``Z ``eh ``dh``dG ``f``b ``e
ja Te L
T ``j`````H ``e``` dG ```J ``` J
dG ```g CG ``e ``Z``dG Y d
CG FdG ```gG``HEG ``WG``G i``jh
ASG ``` ` G ``e R`` ` G ``e``Y dG edG O``jCG JG e
eh ,`` gQG`` ` `VCG GQOEG ``d``M ````Y ddG GSG dhDG d J
FGL e e dG O``jCG aJ jdG ``dGP W CG Z ,IaGdG
fEG ``` M ,``` a``` Kh ``` Y``` ` LGh ``` ` jO JCJh ``LhCG IOeh Ic dG
``H``J `` `dG ``` G CG ``` SD` G `` e hCG edG J ``j``g ae ``Y Y
dh jdG a G eY MCG bh ,ed dG dG hCG dG
.eGLEG JcS J
d Gj CG ``eEG AD`g a ,CG
,G ```UG```dG ``Y hCG Ie CG j ``b dG CG FdG ```VhCGh
dGh OG Y gHo EG aVEH ``g ``` dhD` ` ` eh ``c````e `````d``H
ddGh GO``` dGh jdG cdG W ``` ` j ``` ` a `` ` eCG ,``` ` a ``````j
.UCG HdG e dG ```aQh ``f``LCG ``e ddG
SCG be a fdG I```SCG
Y CG ```H CG ``F`````dG ``` VCGh
.dP
AYG dhDe e dGh MGdG
Y dhDG Vh J dWCH fdG J j CG FdG jh
Y j b e ,LCG edG J dG ``` j CG `` `Lh ``` ` j ``` ` a
AHBG Y j Gd ,ja Te L ISCG e IaGdG Y dM a ,Y
dG dSQ b Ghcj CG eCGh ddG ```J CG IQh````dG a LCG
.dG WGG Y
.YQ Y hDe ch GQ c

RG ``e``Y ``KC` J CG EG Q``` TCGh


,SGh f Y JCj ISCG VhCG Y
Hh ISdG ``F````dG H ``dPh
NCG ``Y``` TEGh aG Q``` aCG
GcDe ,WG gGh jPdG
Gf G H j dP CG
NCGh CG H J G eY
Od ``` ` ` f ,``` ` ` Gh ``` j``` ` dGh
,WCG e jdG dGh G
`` ` `dG ``` ` ` G ``` ` dG ``f``` H
`````Y ``e``` dG ``` d``` JEGh ``j``dG``dG
dHh ,OhCG HJh dG IQGOEG QeCG
e ``g```Y ``e R``Zh ```c``J ``e J
gGh gGh Q```aCGh FdG
e QJ b dCGh GQH dGh
T Y j dP CG EG ,dh hCG
.hj eY JJh OGaCG

dG fdG QN hT
Z edG EG FdG S bh
KQc J (R```G eY) G
dYCG SG GPEG WdG M
GMG hO H j ```dG jdG
G Jh ,dhdH G fGd
MG ```F````SCG J `` cCG
jQdG G fYEG fGh
.e eY Xh Y H idG
EG gj eY fCG FdG VCGh
c j jQdG cGG MCG e dG
eY ASCH IjL Fb jL j
e dG j L ``e
jH j fCG c ,ebQCG Vh
e A``L hCG ec ``j AGS dG ``bh
bdG e AL G Jh ,bdG
gPJG ``j``j ``b `` `dG ``````dG CG
J jCG hCG c e j d
.dG dM eh
AGLEH b fEG dH FdG Hjh
dG ``f``ch `` ` `bQCG ````H ``` ` JG
Fb d O``Lh e hT
JCGh ,ddG d G dG fb
e ``` c GPEG ``` f ``` Y h``` ` dG ``` J

GSG SCG
jN) dG OS H g ijh
M G``` V`` ``` eh ``` ` LG ``` Y
eY GSG CG (ffEG jdG
e ``Y``` ``` ` ` f `` ` j ``` ` ` d
idG G`````SG EG OCG ```dG ````SCG
e ``aG``dG CG EG ,dG edG
ZdG H ``fEG H M d dP
.dG Mh adG
`````j `` dP CG ``` ` dG `` ` `VhCGh
gH QdG Mh IcGh dG
CG c ,``G IH NdGh ``bG``dG
d iOCG ``dG Y G ``NO
`` KCGh A````dG ```M ``e ````dG IQ``` U
`` e`` G A`` ` `YCG OG`` ` a ,``` ` ` ` Gh
C SCH ``aO ,dG dG G``g
fH ,dG HQ YJ eH J
ISCG Q ```Y `` O``` Jh ````JG
.dG Y HZh d ICGG hNh
Y dG bEG CG dG VCGh
Y G VH dG UGe
Jh ,dG K eh dG GOdG
,dG JLGh LhdGh eCG
,eY GS ISCG Q dCG dP c
G J iNCG SCG g CG c
Y AYCG J EG GhRCG e c
eG ``` YCG ``e ```F```YEGh ```J``LhR
Te Z NCG S Y a ,dG
fh G`` ` `` `` `SG ``J``` e `` a`` J `` `gh
je ``` Vh``Y ``` J ``` dG `` f`` YEG
QSCHh G dH aa GSd
.b

KCdGh KCdG
e ```NG CG dG ```VCGh
H Q``` U O`` ` `Jh ``d``` ` TCG `````NG
je c AGS ,S G``KCG j CGh
,dG hCG jdG i``G Y GgX hCG
OGaCG ``H ```G eY O``L``H Hh
YdGh bdG e ``f Cj I```SCG
edG e ISCG OGaCG H YLG
.KCdGh KCdG j eh

18

dG HQ
FdG dW H ILe /O
G jdG TT Y dW HJCG c jJ efd GY g zdG HQ{
Y a fc zdG HQ{ efH dhj c dG VGG CG e ZdG Yh .dG FGhCG
CG Y UMCGh ,efdG Gg H IHh He c fCG EG ,JegGh ceh G
.IOoe fc EGh M ,JM e CG JJ
e ``JO``e j ``e``f``d z````dG ```HQ{ G```Y Q````NG AGQh dG ``Y A````JCG ``e G```c ```ch
Ye M jG e OCJh bQ d :WCG IAGH d bCa ,ceh NdG
.jG H Y WCG c c zLGdG SdG{
dG Qc d jeh eBG Ce aJ G jYd QhO AfEG M VG SCG dhJ
Th .QhdG H ebEG iS d F jH hj b , ` SCG Y dG H ` , jdG
..VG Gg d f CG jG g fCGh ,H jd Gj fCH
UGe Y JCGh HCG MQh ,G jYQ QhO Y J CG j dG jG Y dAJh
j dH ``dG ,dG H jJ c aCGh .i``NCG h``dG e jdG QhO J
HW GP J ,d eGh jYdG ad QhO ebEG e d ,Y JGOYh JaK
.fdG GOdGh adG e Sj
:dG G jYQ Qhd GfCG KK g CG Lh SGQO e CGb e N eh
Lh Jh OG``YEG Y Qh``dG g Jh bGoG dG jYdG QhO ;g hCG dG -1
Qhjh ,YLG fCG H d aVEH ,fCH jdG J Yeh ,Ad dG
.a IQhdG Y QhdG g AWCG
jYdG QhO eJ dG eG f J ah SSCG jYdG QhO ;g dG dGh -2
j jdG A```dG jYd QG``d``H e V LGJ EG aVEH ,bGoG dG
H dh IQhdG Y a d SSCG jYdG QhO IQjH AWCG jh .W W jY
.jQhO
e iNCG GfCG e cCG e eN J dG IgG jYdG QhO ;a ddG dG eCG -3
k W ,VG jYQ Y V Jh ,dUh ,Gh ,GOY a ,G jYQ QhO
GH AdG e j b PEG QGSH QhdG g IQjH AWCG j .hG dG d
,IgG jYdG QhO Y CGb e YCGh .YdG QGe Y W jY G jYQ QhO e dG
dch .dEG dG dM AJ jdG VG d ,G e j bJG J fCG
dh ,U J jdG AdG dEG d SG jYdG QhO e IgG jYdG QhO J
.jdG jdG H EG Lj dGj
H ,dRe G ``j``YQ SDe H eJ e bJ CG``b ``e ``N ``eh
jYQh T jYh eh cCe e I``Y eN d Ged G e SDG UGJ
QGO d fd LG hO a cQj YLG fCG ad aVEH dP ,U
.G jYQ
ODj ,Y eSh HQ GU ,f CGJ eCG fh Y GPa dG ej H Gg
.zfc M jh fU Mj e e d d MQ G a ?... c M
G e jT g .G jYd J a aCG MQ ,G jYQ QhO Y GHh
..KGJ n nMh IhdGh IGh G gCG gh ,G Gg LCG e gYh HT IgR aCG
j ,dhdG SGQdGh FMEG H JcP e a ,G e H o`j b g
Se j S 2050 dG M e fCH k jCG SGQdG J J c .dG S K G
.G ZCG AdG Sh ,cCG hCG keY 80 OdG Y
`````G J ``Y iC` ` e G``f```j ``c ``j````dG ````dG ``g ``L``` `` dG ``e ``g GD` ` ` dG
.?...M
QeCG dch JLMGh Je ae e H H jdG S aJ f d
,G dGh OG QdH QdG g G ce cCG e EG ..G dG gj dG
LM ``e L EG L ```fh .YLG hCG ``HOCG jdG ``e ``e````H SMEG ``d``ch
CGh ,AdG UGe Y JQH j CG EG G j ,YLGh dGh dG jYd
..aCG IM f Je UGj CG Y Yj Y SQ Ua n`o`j
jH n`o`J YLG dG IQGRh G jYQ IFGO AfE IYdG Ia JALh
:ee e dH G
J jW Y JLMGh JfeEGh G ceCGh OGYCG jd GAMG Y .1
.AMEH NGO
.dG AfCG T G jYd ShQG dG .2
IFGO{ QhO Vjh ,dH G egH j ffG T Y hdEG be AfEG .3
.dG Gd eJ dG eGh (gDhfEG eCG) zG jYQ
cGGh G Y RJ jeh Gf Y dch ,U De IFGdG TJ .4
.(gDhfEG LG) G jYQ IFGO QhH G jd dG
dG d ,e GhOYG M dG H G jYQ Y IYG .5
.gdCj dG jYdG QhO H e bCdG Y j eY dG
YLG ```F````NCG ``e ``j``a aH d ``Y````LGh dG dH jdG .6
.dG OTQEGh
VGeCH j ``e```T ```W ``j``a ``a```H d dG ```M```d``H ````gG .7
.dG IQGRh e hdH dPh ,NdG
d FG KGdGh dGh fEG fH J e H d f cGe AfEG .8
.GdGh adG IQGRh e hdH jdG MG
dPh ,g JLGhh G H dG YH n`o`J GMd SQG gG J .9
.dGh HdG IQGRh e hdG jW Y
Jh ,jO Ghf ebEGh LG N e JLMGh G H YdG f .10
hDdGh bhCG IQGRh e hdH dPh ,G e IcdGh bdG GeCG e H
.jdG
g d jYJ eGH Jh OTQEGh YdG FSh H YEG QhO J .11
.YEG IQGRh e hdH dPh ,G LMGh
dG Y QOdG G YJ IU jJ jQe YO cQd UG dG L.12
dG QhO jJ e c G jYd QhO AfEG gG dch ,AY Ie QGSG
.G eN UG
e Gh{ OdG dG ,Y G VQ ,```G H Y de e HCG ``LCG G h
. znp`dG Y df K T cCG PEG fCG

dG c - SHb dG eL
magda@squ.edu.om

AHCG Sf IdG Qjh G GaCG j Y dG e GH e gEG


id hD```j hCG ``j``NBG ``e ``K````j
a C` H ````dG j e `````dGh
eEG d Vj ``dG ```gEGh dG jE
eEGh ,QGdG PJG Vh dG ed
Gh gSCG OG``aCG Y edG gOY
iNCG GQY eEGh bGdG eCd SGh
d edG jdG hj a Gdh
.SCG
dG ``Y ``j``G CG ``` SGQ``dG `````Jh
CGh ``H ``d ``V````J ``` dG ``` ` dGh `` ` SCG
LG e d fCG EG dG Qc cP EG Oj
`````G ```e```e IA`` ` SEG ``````e G``` ` ` SG
dG SEH OGaCG ac jj e
H ``a``dGh G ee M ```Y ```j
e GSG Ea ddh ,MEGh gHh
g Y f eY bCG g G gEG
dG Y Y ``dPh G e jdG
IASEG Y Y a jG j dG hdG e
.G ee

jdG CG EG Ge ,G g e LGj
ffEGh ``` Y``` ` LG O`` ` ``` H ``e``` ` e
.dG
EG OD` J b dG SCG ``gCG e EG ``bh
ddGh OG gJ dG IOdG J QX
j ``dG G ``` fG ``g ,```e```SEG
KCJ fL EG ,G FGdG H e
Y ee ```H``Z Q``` aC `````dG ````H
.Hbd J ```dG `` YEG ``F```Sh ``j``W
jdH A`` ` `HCGh ``` ` ` dG ```T````dG ``d``` jh
ah ````e G```e````j Gh ,``` J``` eCGh ``` F``HB` H
.eSEG OGh jdG ddG
`` ` `SCG ``` ` dG `` Y `` ` `SGQO `` j`` LCGh
dG e ``Y ``j````H CG```J ,`````G
Y ````j G G``g CG ````a ,```e````dG
jdG G CG MdG j M ,G
e ``` gEGh eG A```Sh dG ``e fj
G a cCG gSCG OGaCG c hCG H b
e dGh dG Gg e edG S

fC G```fh ,%100 H Seh ``HG``e


M NGO QfEG jd dJ H ffEG b
.gLGJ
fEG a ,``H`````dG ``g CG`` dG ````aG``jh
IdG e BG G j jdG SCd
J ```dG gj ```dG dG dGh
G e fc dGh QaCGh gG H
a ,G jYQ dP e CG HJh ,jd
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