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    EPISIOTOMY

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    mealiella
    An episiotomy is an incision made in the perineum during childbirth to enlarge the vaginal opening and facilitate delivery. It is sometimes needed for instrumental deliveries, breech births, or suspected shoulder dystocia. Complications can include pain, infection, poor healing, or tears extending into higher degrees if not performed correctly. The degree of tear is classified based on which tissues are cut, with first degree involving just skin and mucosa and higher degrees involving deeper tissues like muscles or the anal sphincter. Proper technique involves local anesthesia, aseptic conditions, and layered closure of the vaginal mucosa, perineal muscles, and skin.

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    EPISIOTOMY

    Uploaded by

    mealiella
    119 views1 page
    An episiotomy is an incision made in the perineum during childbirth to enlarge the vaginal opening and facilitate delivery. It is sometimes needed for instrumental deliveries, breech births, or suspected shoulder dystocia. Complications can include pain, infection, poor healing, or tears extending into higher degrees if not performed correctly. The degree of tear is classified based on which tissues are cut, with first degree involving just skin and mucosa and higher degrees involving deeper tissues like muscles or the anal sphincter. Proper technique involves local anesthesia, aseptic conditions, and layered closure of the vaginal mucosa, perineal muscles, and skin.

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    An episiotomy is an incision made in the perineum during childbirth to enlarge the vaginal opening and facilitate delivery. It is sometimes needed for instrumental deliveries, breech births, or suspected shoulder dystocia. Complications can include pain, infection, poor healing, or tears extending into higher degrees if not performed correctly. The degree of tear is classified based on which tissues are cut, with first degree involving just skin and mucosa and higher degrees involving deeper tissues like muscles or the anal sphincter. Proper technique involves local anesthesia, aseptic conditions, and layered closure of the vaginal mucosa, perineal muscles, and skin.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    119 views1 page

    EPISIOTOMY

    Uploaded by

    mealiella
    An episiotomy is an incision made in the perineum during childbirth to enlarge the vaginal opening and facilitate delivery. It is sometimes needed for instrumental deliveries, breech births, or suspected shoulder dystocia. Complications can include pain, infection, poor healing, or tears extending into higher degrees if not performed correctly. The degree of tear is classified based on which tissues are cut, with first degree involving just skin and mucosa and higher degrees involving deeper tissues like muscles or the anal sphincter. Proper technique involves local anesthesia, aseptic conditions, and layered closure of the vaginal mucosa, perineal muscles, and skin.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    EPISIOTOMY Incision that is made with a scissor cause 2nd degree laceration of the vulva, vagina and perineal

    body GOAL: To enlarge birth passage in order to facilitate delivery

    Indiction Instrumental delivery Breech delivery To speed up second stage. Suspected big baby shoulder dystocia Tight perineum To prevent extended tear or

    Complication Painful- if cut too lateral May extend to 3rd/4th degree tear Infection Poor healing Missed apex of tear may allow continued bleeding Deep suture- fistula formation Too tight suture- later discomfort

    1 degree What structures are cut: posterior vaginal wall superficial and deep transverse perineal muscle bulbospongiosus part of levator ani branches of pudendal vessels and nerves subcutaneous tissue
    1st layer (vaginal mucosa) Lithotomy position,good light Cleaned perineum, draped, aseptic instrument Local anesthetic

    st

    2 degree 3 degree 4 degree


    th rd

    nd

    Involves vaginal epithelium and vaginal skin only Simply one of two interrupted sutures Involve perineal muscle No anal spincter involve partial or complete distruption of anal sphincer tear to anal sphincter complex and rectal mucosa

    From 1cm above apex and make a knot.


    Proceed suturing vaginal mucosa until the introitus with Continuous non-locking stitches, use absorbable suture

    2nd layer (perineal muscle) Interuppted sutures Avoid oversuture through rectal mucous 3rd layer (skin and SC) Interuppted/continuou s sutures/ subcuticular

    Per vaginal examination, then per rectal examination

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