BP . .

efer

point 59 of Brief Review of Facts and Concepts.

IiI point 60 of Brief Review of Facts and Concepts.

~uring cylinder is commonly used for measuring or pouring out a desired volume of liquid. 'leasuring flask on filling upto the mark etched on the neck contains a fixed volume of liquid as 'iI. rinen over it. Pipette is used, to transfer fixed volume of a liquid. It is filled up to the mark by sucking up the liquid and then closing the upper end with the finger to control the outflow of the liquid. Burette is used to measure the volume of
mL
-10 0 -90 -80 -70 -60

the liquid delivered directly.

-0

m
Measuring flask (b)

6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 10 0
Pipette

-50 -40 -30 -20 -10

(e)

Volume measuring apparatus.

To measure the volume of a solid heavier than water, take a graduated water. Note the reading of the lower meniscus of water (let 100
VI)' Now tie the given solid with a light string and lower it gently into the

cylinder. Fill it partly with

completely immersed into the water. The level of water rises. Note the of the raised level of water (let VJ Since the body displaces water equal the difference between the two readings (V2 - VI) gives the volume of the Precautions : (i) Clean the cylinder properly so that water drops do not stick to its sides.
(ii) Keep the eye in level with the lower meniscus of water to

cylinder till it is lower meniscus to its volume, so given body.

avoid error due to parallax.

(iii) Take a thin but strong string.

(iv) Immerse the solid gently so that no water splashes out. To measure the volume of a lighter object (cork) we take a heavy solid insoluble in water (a piece of stone/metal) called a sinker. Take a clean graduated cylinder. Fill it partly with water. Now tie the sinker to a thin but strong string. Lower the sinker gently into the cylinder and note the reading (let VI)' Now take out the sinker. Tie the sinker and the cork together with the string and lower them into the water of the cylinder and note the reading (let V2). The difference between the two readings (V2 - VI) will give the volume of the cork.

Measurements and Experimentation 27

Measuring cylinder

(a)

56.
90

55.
(d)

Burette

70

100 90 80 80 70 60 50 40 60 50
....

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..

40 30 -:-:-:-:-:-: 30 - --- 20 ___________ _ Water

20

10 :-:-:-:-:::Solid

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