Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 16

taxmuftuljyKvpOfxkwfpmapmif

twJG (13)? trSwf(8)? toif;awmftwGif; uefUowfxkwfa0onf/ Mo*kwfv? 2011ckESpf/

bk&m;ocif\EIwfuywf
awmfonftpOfoufao&Syd gonf/
taMumif;rSm bk&m;ociftouf
&SifaeawmfrlaomaMumifh jzpfyg
onf/ "ra[mif;usrf;yg arma&S
arG;zGm;vmcsdef oa&vvlwdkY
wGif om;a,musfm;arG;zGm;ygu
owfypf&aomtcsed jf zpfonf/ odYk
aomf arma&Sonf touf&iS cf iG &hf
cJyh gonf/ xdrk Qru eef;awmf Bu;D
jyif;cGi&hf cJNh y;D rif;om;rsm;om oif
cGifh&aomynmrsm;udkyg oifMum;
cGi&hf cJyh gonf/odaYk omfarma&Swwf
ajrmufxm;aom xdkynm&yfrsm;
udk wpfckrQ bk&m;&SiftoHk;rjyKyg/
avmu vltrsm;u avmuDy
nmudk OD;pm;xm;Muaomfvnf; ppf
rSeaf omynm[lonf xm0&bk&m;
udk aMumuf&GHjcif;yif jzpfonf/
]]xm0&bk&m;udkaMumuf
&GHaomoabmonf ynm\t
csKyf t jcmjzpf \ /}}
(ok ? 1;7)
trS e f r S m ynm[l o nf
bk&m;ay;jcif; jzpfygonf/ arm
a&Sonf xkdynmudk a,mur\
od;k qdwrf sm;udk xde;f aecsed f &&Scd hJ
onf/ xdktcsdefa&mufrS EIwfu

ywfawmfudk p arma&SMum;cJh&
ygonf/ arma&Sonf od;k qdwrf sm;
udx
k ed ;f aepOf jcKrH ;D avmifaeonf
udk jrifaomfvnf;? ruRrf;avmif
onfh xl;qef;aomlygHkudk jrifcJh
ygonf/ xdktcg csKHxJu arma&S
[k ac:oHuMkd um;&ygonf/ csKH t
em; ruyfzkdY? zdeyfudk cRwfavmh/

oifeif;aomt&yfum;...oefY
&Sif;aomajrjzpfonf[k rdefYawmf
rloHudk Mum;&ygonf/ arma&S
onf ,cifu rdrdwdkYbdk;ab;rsm;
onf xm0&bk&m;ESihf tqufjzpf
aMumif; Mum;zl;ygonf/ arma&S
onf yxr rdrdoifxm;aomy

nmrsm;ESifh[efouJhodkYjzpfNyD; *kPf
&Sdaeaomfvnf; bkef;r&Sdyg/ bkef;
rnfonfhtcg &Sdygoenf;/ udk,f
awmf\tapcHuRejf zpfvmNy;D aemuf
udk,fawmfrdefYawmfrlonfhtwdkif;
jyKonfhtcg oufaoxif&Sm;NyD;
uREk f y f w d k Y \ touf w m ud k , f
awmf\bke;f xif&mS ;vmygonf/

EIwu
f ywfawmf
jynfp
h v
kH suf&dS
ocifa,I\emrawmf
qkawmif;NyD; tajz&Muaomol
rsm;pGm&Syd gonf/ xdo
k q
Ykd ak wmif;
&jcif;rSmEIwu
f ywfawmfreS af Mumif;
oufaojzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocif

\EIwfuywfawmfoufaoudk cH
pm;&zdkY uREkfyfwdkYjrnf;prf; ac:
MunfEh ikd yf gonf/ rjrnf;prf;Munfh
bJEiS hf r[kwEf idk yf gbl;[k qdak eMu
olrsm; &Sdwwfygonf/ xdkolrsm;
onf tusKd ;I;H aeMuolrsm;jzpfMu
ygonf/ EIwfuywfawmfudk ,Hk
Munforl sm;onf oufaoudk &Ny;D
tm;ud;k wwfMuzdYk ud,
k af wmftvdk
awmf&Sdygonf/ ormusrf;pmu
]]tjypfw&m;\tc
um; aojcif ; aywnf ; /}} [k
owday;xm;ygonf/ xdpk um;u
owif;qdk; jzpfonf/ odkYaomf o
wif;aumif;u a,Ic&pfawmf
udk ,HMk unfjcif;tm;jzifh xm0&t
ouf&Edik af omtcGihf bk&m;ocif
ujyifqifay;xm;ygonf/owif;
qd;k ESihf owif;aumif;u wGaJ eyg
onf/ owif;qd;k udo
k mMum;Ny;D t
ouf&iS af eygu aMumufp&m jzpf
ygonf/ owif;aumif;udk Mum;
Ny;D tmHjk yKryd gu aMumufp&mrvdk
awmhyg/ ,HMk unfjcif;tm;jzifh ao
jcif;rS vGwfNyD; xm0&toufudk
cHpm;Edkifonfjzpf 0rf;ajrmufp
&mjzpfygonf/ (urm?6)wGif aem{
[laom yk*dKvfESifh bk&m;ocif p

page 1

um;ajymaMumif; awGY&onf/ xdk


tcsed u
f mvu aem{onf bk&m;
ocifESifhtwl oGm;vmaMumif;
azmfjyxm;onf/ xdktcsdefuvl
wdkYonf bk&m;ocifa&SUawmf
qd;k Muovdk ,aeYvw
l o
Ykd nfvnf;
qd;k MuaMumif;awG&Y onf/ avmu
Bu;D xJqd;k aomol&o
dS vdk aumif;
aomolvnf; &SdMuygonf/ qdk;
aomolwu
Ykd rdrw
d o
Ykd abmESihf rdrd
wdq
Yk ;kd Muajymp&mr&Syd g/odaYk omf
touf&SifrItwGuf bk&m;ocif
vufawmfrS qdk;usdK;cHpm;&rnfudk
tav;*kjyKMuzdkYvdkygonf/ t
rsm;aomol qdk;aecsdef aem{
onf bk&m;ocifESifh oGm;vm
aumif;aomtoufwm &Sio
f ef
avQmufvSrf;onfudk awGY&onf/
bk&m;ocifonf qd;k aomolwu
Ykd kd
rzsufqD;rSD aem{tm; oabFmudk
aqmufapygonf/ bk&m;ocif\
pum;awmfudk,HkNyD; oabFmxJodkY
0ifo&l pS Of ;D om&So
d nfuakd wG&Y onf/
urmBuD;ay:&Sd vltm;vHk;aoMu
aomfvnf; EIwu
f ywfawmfukd ,Hk
Munfaomolu raoyg/ avm
u quf touf&SifcGifh&oGm;
ygonf/ aumif;uifoYkd 0if&aom
tcG i f h u m; avmutouf w m
ukefNyD;rS jzpfygonf/
]]xd k r S w pf y g; vl w pf
rsdK;ESifhwpfrsdK;?wpfEdkifiHESifhwpf
Ed k i f i H &ef b uf j yKMuvd r h f r nf /
t&yf & yf w d k Y BuD ; pG m aomajr
vI y f j cif ; ? tpmacgif ; yg;jcif ; ?
umvemrsm;jym;jcif ; wd k Y o nf
jzpf M uvd r f h r nf / rd k C f ; aumif ;
uif vnf ; aMumuf r uf z G , f
aomt&mES i f h BuD ; pG m aomyk y
ed r d w f w d k Y o nf a y:xG e f ; Muvd r f h
rnf / }}
(vk? 21;10-11)

,aeY urmBu;D ay:EIwf


uywfawmfazmfjyxm;onft
h wdik ;f
vlwpfrsdK;ESifhwpfrsdK; roifhrwifh
jzpfum wdkufcdkufvQuf&SdMuonf
udk awG&Y onf/ wdu
k yf rJG sm;aMumifh
vlrsm; aoaMuysufpD;vsuf &SdMu
ygonf/ tajctaeudk Munfyh gu
aMumufrufz,
G af umif;vSygonf/
odaYk omf xdak b;qd;k rsm; uREyfk w
f Ykd
xdp&m rvdyk g/ xdo
k rYkd xdz&Ykd ef EIwf

jym;jcif;wdkY jzpfrnf[k owday;


xm;onfhtwdkif; urmtESHh xdk
tajctaewdkYonf jzpfysufvQuf
&Sdygonf/ aumif;uif aMumuf
rufzG,faom ykyedrdwfwdkYonf
ay:xGef;vdrfhrnf[kvnf; owd
ay;xm;ygonf/ ,aeY *syefjynf
vIyfcwfoGm;aomivsif\aemuf
qufwGJ qdk;usdK;um; tEkjrL"gwf
tm;ay;pufHk xdcdkufjyD;ysufpD;rIrS

uywfawmfukd ,HMk unfMuzdYk vkyd g


onf/ EIwfuywfawmfudk ,Hk
oabFmxJoYkd 0ifMuolrsm;a&vTr;f
rd;k jcif;ab;rS vGwcf &hJ ovdk uREyfk f
wdkYonf ab;trsdK;rsdK;rS vGwf&ef
EIwfuywfawmfudk ,HkMunfMuzdkY
vdkygonf/ t&yf&yfwdkY BuD;pGm
aom ajrvIyfjcif;jzpfrnf[k EIwf
uywfawmfu azmfjyxm;onft
h
wdik ;f rMumrSt
D csed u
f *syefEikd if H
jyif;xefaomajrivsifvIyfcwfcJh
ygonf/ ivsiaf Mumifh taqmuf
tOD;rsm;pGmrNyKd aomfvnf; aemuf
qufwq
JG el mrDa&vIid ;f 'PfaMumifh
tysuftpD;rsm;pGm &SdcJhygonf/
xdktedXmHkjrifuGif;u aMumuf
rufzG,f jzpfygonf/ qufEIwf
uywfawmf azmfjyxm;onfrSm
tpmacgif;yg;jcif;? umvemrsm;

avxJ ysHUvGifhvmonfh tEkjrL


"gwf\qdk;usdK;jzpfrnfhta&; pOf;
pm;Ny;D aMumufaeMu&onf/ jrif&
aomtE&m,fxuf rjrif&aom
tE&m,f\qdk;usdK;u tem*wf
vlom;wdkY qufvuf&SifoefrIt
wGuf xdwfvefYwkefvIyfzG,f jzpf
aeygonf/

pdwE
f v
S ;kH t<uif;rJh
cspfyg
,aeY urmBuD; EIwfu
ywfawmf\owday;csufrsm; t
wdik ;f jynfph v
kH suf jzpfysuaf eaom
tajcttaetrsdK;rsdK;udk awGYae
Mu&onf/ rdrdwdkif;EdkifiHrS xGuf&Sd
aomtpm;taomufrsm;udk vlwYkd
onf oHo,pdwfuif;uif;ESifh r
pm;&JMuawmh/ xdt
k pm;taomuf

rsm; tEkjrL"gwfoifhrnfudk pdk;


&drfMuonf/ ,cifu *syefEdkifiHrS
xGuf&Sdaom [if;oD;[if;&Gufudk
,d;k ',m;Edik if u
H wifoiG ;f Ny;D jynf
wGi;f pm;oH;k Muonf/ ,ck xdt
k
oD;t&Gufrsm; wifoGif;rIudk &yf
qdkif;xm;Muonf/ wifoGif;aom
ukefypnf;rsm;udkvnf; trsdK;rsdK;
ppfaq;rIjyKMuNyD; pdwfcs&rSom
wifoGif;Muonf/ bmaMumifh r
wifoiG ;f Mu&ygovJ/ xdt
k pmrsm;
udk rpm;&JMu jzpfygonf/ tEk
jrL"gwfoifhNyD;aom tpmrsm;udk
pm;rdygu trsKd ;rsKd ;aoma&m*ga0
'emrsm;udck pH m;Mu&rnfjzpf pm;
p&m? aomufp&mrsm;u &Sdaeyg
vsufESifh rpm;&Jraomuf&Jjzpfae
Mu&onf/ aemufqufwjJG zpfay:
vmEdkifaom tE&,frsm;twGuf
pdwfylNyD; aMumuf&GHaeMu&onf/
xdo
k aYkd Mumufp&maumif;aom t
ajctae? owif;pum;trsdK;rsdK;
udk raMumufbJ aeEdkifzdkY&ef avS
xJ0ifMuzdkY vdkygonf/ ,aeY rsuf
arSmufacwfumvtwGuf avS
um;tb,ft&menf;/ Edik if aH wmf
ESifh,SOfaom ajzmifhrwfjcif;avS
jzpfygonf/ vdkufvdkaomvltm;
vHk;vdkufEdkifaom avSjzpfygonf/
aem{vufxufumvuJhodkY avS
aqmufzrYkd vdyk g/ Edik if aH wmfEiS ,
hf OS f
aomajzmif h r wf j cif ; w&m;um;
tb,fenf;/
]]a,Iu? oif\bk&m;
ocif x m0&bk & m;ud k p d w f E S v H k ;
t<uif ; rJ O mPf & S d o rQES i f h cspf
avmh / }}
(rJ? 22;37)
oD v aqmuf w nf z d k Y & ef
ajymaejcif;jzpfygonf/ yxru r
aemoDvaqmufwnfzdkY ajymjcif;
jzpfNyD;?'kwd,u "rw&m;oDv

page 2

aqmufzdkYjzpfygonf/ pdwfESvHk;t
<uif;rJh OmPf&Sdo[k qdkonfrSm
"rtodOmPfudk ajymjcif; jzpf
onf/
]]xd k Y a Mumif h igwd k Y o nf
Mum;&onfhaeYrSpoifwdkYtbdkY
tvdkYiSm tpOfrjywfqkawmif;
yXemjyKvsuf aeMu\/}}
(aum? 1;9-10)
wrefawmfBuD; &Sifaygvk
onf u,fwifjcif;&NyD;aomol
rsm;twGuf pdk;&drfaeonfrSm t
b,fhaMumifhenf;/ EdkifiHawmfESifh
,SOfaom ajzmifhrwfjcif;w&m;
vrf;udk rodrSm pdk;jzpfonf/ o
cifa,Iudk ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifh
aus;Zl;r*Fvmudk cHpm; xm0&
toufudk &aomfvnf; avmu
toufwm&Sio
f ef&m avSx0J if
rS pdwfcs&rnfjzpfonf/ ywf0ef;
usifudk Munfhygu EdkifiHawmfESifh
ajzmifhrwfjcif;w&m;udk tenf;
i,frQ odoyl ifvQif jyKH ;aeonfukd
awG&Y onf/ Edik if aH wmfEiS ,
hf OS af om
ajzmifhrwfjcif;w&m;udk rodbJ
avmuDenf;ESifhtouf&SifaeMu
NyD;rS csrf;omaeaomolrsm;udk
Munfhygu jyHK;aeaomfvnf; rcsd
jyHK;jzpfonf/ olwdkYtoufwm
rnfrQ<u,f0aeygap Nird o
f ufjcif;
r&SdMuyg/ avSxJudk0ifygu ylp&m
rvdkyg/ pm;p&mtjynfh &Sdygonf/

bk&m;ocif\uG,u
f m
&mXme aeyg
wrefawmfBu;D u ,HMk unf
olwt
Ykd zdrYk nfoq
Ykd ak wmif;ygoenf;/
qkawmif;aomtcsuf[lrlum;?
]]oif w d k Y o nf aumif ;
aomtusif h t rsd K ;rsKd ; wnf ; [l
aomtoD;udk oD;jcif;? bk&m;
ocif u d k od a omOmPf w d k ; yG m ;

jcif;&Sdojzifhvnf;aumif;? 0rf;
ajrmuf a ompd w f E S i f h t &m&m
onf ; cH j cif ; ?pd w f & S n f j cif ; tvd k Y
iS m ? bk e f ; BuD ; aomwef c d k ; awmf
twd k i f ; cG e f t m;ES i f h j ynf h p H k o
jzif h v nf ; aumif ; ? crnf ; awmf
bk & m;\aus;Zl ; awmf u d k c sD ; rG r f ;
vsub
f &k m;ocifEiS x
hf u
kd af vsmuf
pG m usif h t&m&m ES p f o uf

OmPfw;kd yGm;zdjYk zpfonf/ EIwu


f ywf
awmf ormw&m;wpfckckudk odNyD;
vufawGv
Y yk af qmifojzifh aumif;
BuD;cHpm;aeaomolrsm; &SdMuyg
onf/ ,HkMunfolrsm;onf bk&m;
ocifukd odaomOmPfw;kd yGm;vmzd?Yk
EIwfuywformw&m;udk odzdkY t
oif;awmfu oifay;zdv
Yk ykd gonf/
xdkodkY jyKoifhrSef;odygvQuf rjyKrd

awmf r l a pjcif ; iS m ? ynmtrsd K ;


rsdK;? "rOmPftrsdK;rsdK;tm;jzifh
tvd k a wmf u d k tuk e f t pif e m;
vnfygrnftaMumif;qkawmif;
yXemjyK\/}}
(aum? 1;11)
uREkfyfwdkY ,HkMunfolrsm;
onf aumif;aomtusit
hf rsKd ;rsKd ;
wnf;[laomtoD;udo
k ;D zdYk bk&m;
ociftvdak wmf&ydS gonf/,aeY ,Hk
Munfot
l rsm;aus;Zl;awmfaMumifh
u,fwifjcif;udk &NyD;onfESifh ae
csifovdk aeMuonf/ tdrfab;rS
vludk rw&m;vkyfMuonf/ csJxdk;
Muonf/ vkyfcGifh&Sdaomfvnf; t
vdkawmfr[kwfyg/ xdkodkYjyK t
ouf&iS af eMuolrsm; aumif;Bu;D &
rnfr[kwfyg/ wrefawmfBuD;u
qufqkawmif;onfrmS ,HMk unf
olrsm;onf bk&m;ocifuo
kd ad om

ygu toif;awmf wm0ef&Sdyg


onf/ toif;awmfu oifay;yg
vQuf r,lrdygu? r&vdkufygu
uREkfyfwdkY wm0efom jzpfayonf/
toif;awmfu avSaqmufzdkY &Sd
onf/ wHcg;vnf; zGifhxm;zdkY jzpf
onf/ ,HkMunfolrsm;u 0ifMuzdkY
jzpfygonf/ ,ck avSxJodkY 0ifzdkY
owday;aejcif; jzpfonf/ xm0&
touftwGuf r[kwyf g/ avmu
toufcsr;f ompGmquf aumif;
Bu;D cHpm;Edik zf &Ykd ef jzpfygonf/ uREyfk f
wdo
Yk nf crnf;awmfb&k m;ocif\
aus;Zl;awmfukd cs;D rGr;f vsuf ocif
bk&m;ESihf xdu
k af vsmufpmG usiahf e
Muvsuf t&m&m ESpo
f ufawmfrl
apjcif;iSm ynmtrsKd ;rsKd ;?"rOmPf
trsdK;rsdK;tm;jzifh tvdkawmfudk t
ukeftpif em;vnfMuzdkY bk&m;o
ciftvdak wmf&ydS gonf/ rMumao;

rSu
D xdik ;f Edik if aH wmifyikd ;f rd;k onf;
xefpGm&GmNyD; a&BuD;a&vQHajrNydKrI
rsm;aMumifh obm0ab;tE&m,f
a&mufae&ovdk jrefrmEdkifiHe,f
pyfteD;vnf; tiftm;jyif;ivsif
vIyfcwfcJh taqmuftOD;rsm;
NyKd usysupf ;D um vlrsm;pGmaoaMu
cJh&onf/ xdkodkYaomab;tE&,f
rsm;u urmESifhtEYSHjzpfysufae
xdt
k edXmHak b;qd;k rsm;rS vGwzf Ykd t
jrifq
h ;kH aombk&m;\uG,u
f m&mt
&dyfaeMuzdkY vdkygonf/
]]tjrif h q H k ; aombk & m;
ocif \ uG , f u m&mXmeawmf
aeaomolonf teEwefcdk;
&Sif\t&dyfudk cdk&vdrfhrnf/..
..oif\tem;rSmvlwpfaxmif?
oif \ vuf s mbuf vl w pf
aomif ; vJ a omf v nf ; oif h u d k
rxd r cd k u f & /}}
(qm? 91;1?7)
tjrifhqHk;aom bk&m;\
uG,fum&mt&yf uREkfyfwdkYae
Muygu uREyfk w
f v
Ydk jkH cKH rnfjzpfonf/
vHjk cKH &mt&yfuo
kd Nd y;D aezd&Yk ef owd
ay;aeovdk aecGifh&Sdaeygvsuf r
aeMuygu raeol\tjypfomjzpf
ayrnf/ bk&m;ocifudk pdwfESvHk;
t<uif;rJhcspfyg/ aumif;aomt
usifh usifvnf ajzmifhrwfpGm
usifhyg/ EIwfuywfawmftwdkif;
touf&iS yf g/
]]olonfighudk cspfaom
aMumifh olYudk igu,fEIwfrnf/
ig\emrudk odaomaMumifh olY
ud k igcsD ; ajr m uf r nf / ol o nf
ighudkac:aomtcg igxl;rnf/
'k u c H & aomtcg ol Y b uf r S m
igae csrf ; omay;rnf } }
(qm? 91;14-15)
uREkfyfwdkY toufwm
bk&m;ocifonf tpOfoufao

page 3

xlvsuf &Sdygonf/ bk&m;ocif\


pum;awmfudk em;axmifNyD; EIwf
uywfawmftwdkif; touf&Sif
onfhtcg aumif;BuD;rsm;pGmcHpm;
&NyD; pum;em;raxmifonfESifh
aumif;BuD;ydwfoGm;onfomru
cHpm;xm;&aom aumif;Bu;D rsm;yg
jyefqHk;IH;oGm;rnfjzpfonf/ urm

BuD;ay: jzpfysufaeaomtedXm
Hrk sm;onf &yfwefo
Y mG ;rnfr[kw?f
qufjzpfaernfjzpfonf/ xdkt
ajctaeqdk;trsdK;rsdK;rS vGwfMuzdkY
&ef ajzmifrh wfjcif;toufwm t
ouf&iS Ef ikd o
f rQBuKd ;pm; touf
&SifMuyg/ bk&m;ocifonf *wd
wnfaom bk&m;? opmwnfaom

bk&m; jzpfygonf/ ocifa,I<ur


vmrSDtcsdeftxd rnfodkYaomted
XmHk ab;qdk;rsm;vmygap? tjrifh
qHk;aombk&m;\uG,fum&mXme
awmfom aeMuyg/ bk&m;ocif
u uREfkyfwdkYvHkjcHKzdkY xdktajctae
qdk;rsm;udk ausmfvTm;oGm;EdkifzdkY ul
nDrpwm0ef,lrnf jzpfaMumif;

bk&m;ESifh w&m;onfrsm;
pGm uGmjcm;ygonf/ w&m;u vlt
Y
ajctaeudkazmfjyovdk? vltcsif;
csi;f \ tajctaeudv
k nf; azmfjy
ygonf/ xkdYaMumifh w&m;ukd avh
vmonfhtcg w&m;\azmfjyrI
tm;jzifh vlYtaMumif;udk ydkod
vmovdk? ywf0ef;usiftaMumif;
udkvnf; ydkodem;vnf vm&yg
onf/ bk&m;taMumif;udk qifjcif
onfhtcg bk&m;onf touf&Sif
aomyk * d K vf a wmf j rwf j zpf o vd k ?
arwmawmf&iS v
f nf; jzpfonf/ vlY
txJ bk&m;\oufao&SdNyD;jzpf
onf/ ,aeY qkawmif;&aom
oufaocHcsufrsm;udk uREfkyfwdkY
Mum;Mu&onf/ xkdoufaou
bk&m; &Sit
f ouf&iS af Mumif; ouf
aojzpfygonf/ bk&m;&Siftouf
r&Siyf gu rnfrQqak wmif;ygap t
ajz&rnfr[kwfyg/ uREfkyfwdkUqk
awmif;onfhtcg tajzay;jcif;
onf bk&m;touf&iS af wmfro
l nf
omru? arwm&Sdjzpfonf/

awmf t &mrwl / taMumif ; rl


um; w&m;pD & if a omt&mrS m ?
tjypf w pf c k a Mumif h 'Pf c H a p
[k pD&if\/ aus;Zl;awmft&m
rS m ? tjypf r sm;vsuf y if vT w f
ap[k pD & if \ }}
(a&m 5;16)

ru vTwaf p[kred aYf wmfryl gonf/


w&m;oabmu tjypfjyKaomol
onf rdrjd yKaomtrIEiS t
hf nD (31)
bHk usiv
f nfaeaMumif;azmfjyyg
onf/ w&m;udk usiEhf ikd yf gu usihf
EdkifoavmufbHkwpfckrS wpfckodkY
ul;ajymif;&aomfvnf; xko
d o
H &m

jypfrmS ;jcif;onf w&m;o


abmudak zmfneT ;f ygonf/xkaYd Mumifh
jypfrmS ;aomoabmu tjypfom;
jzpf tjypfjyKaeaomolonf
w&m;twdkif; cH&rnf[k azmfjyyg
onf/ w&m;u tjypfjyKro
d nft
h
cg 'PfcHap[k wGJzufazmfjyaomf
vnf; bk&m;\oabmu tjypf
rsm;vsufyifvGwfapEdkifonf om

vnfaejcif;rS ruRwrf vGwEf ikd yf g/


bk&m;oabmurl tjypfaMumifo
h H
o&mvnfae&aomtjzpfrS tjyif
odYk qGx
J w
k yf gonf/ bk&m;&Siaf wmf
jrwfu vlwpfOD;onf tjypfrsm;
vsufyif aus;Zl;awmfudk cHapNyD;
vGwaf pzd&Yk efjyifqifygonf/ ouf
aotaeESio
hf rmusr;f pm uREykf f
wdYk awGUEdik Mf uygonf/ (urm? 38)

ESvHk;om;udk
MunfhrSwfaomt&Sif
]]xkrd w
S pfyg;vlwpfa,muf
jypf r S m ;aomt&mES i f h aus;Zl ;

arwmESifh today;a0iSvdkufyg
onf/

emrawmfjrwf
nDtpfuBkd u;D DrwifarmifxeG ;f

wGi,
f 'k trnf&dS vlwpfO;D udk awGY
&onf/ ,k' om;oH;k OD;&Syd gonf/
om;Bu;D {&? om;vwfMoeefjzpfNy;D ?
om;i,fu a&Svjzpfygonf/ ,k'
onf om;Bu;D {&udk wmrmtrnf
&SdaomtrsdK;orD;ESifh pHkzufapyg
onf/ odkYaomf {&onf xm0&
bk&m;a&SUawmf qd;k aomoljzpf
olu
Y x
kd m0&bk&m;uGurf suaf wmfrl
aMumif;awG&Y onf/ tjypfusK;vGef
ygvsuf ESvHk;om;u bk&m;zufr
vSno
hf jzifh w&m;oabmu 'Pf
cHapNyD; ao&onf/ xkdtcg ,k'
onf 'kw,
d om; Boeefukd tpfukd
\r,m;wmrmESifhquf ay;pm;
Ny;D ? tpfu\
kd rsKd ;udq
k ufapygonf/
Moeefonfom;ud&k onft
h cg rdrd
om;[krrSwf&ojzifh? tpfudktm;
om;udkray;vdk tpfudkr,m;xH
odkY 0ifaomtcg om;orD; r&
atmif jyKygonf/ MoeefjyKaom
trIuv
kd nf; xm0&bk&m;ESpo
f uf
awmfrjl cif;r&So
d jzifMh oeefuv
kd nf;
uGufrsufawmfrlygonf/ bk&m;
ocifonf vky&f yfurkd Munf?h pdwf
ESv;kH udo
k mMunfyh gonf/xkaYd Mumifh
om;BuD; {&aoovdk om;vwf
Moeefvnf; ao&onfudk awGY&
onf/olwEYkd pS Of ;D pvH;k toufwm

page 4

trSm;udk odNyD; jyifcGihfay;aomf


vnf; rjyKjyif? aemifwr&Mu
w&m;t& 'PfcHapygonf/ ,k'
\acR;ronf vifEpS Of ;D aoNy;D ESpf
cgrkqdk;rjzpfcJh&ygonf/ ,k'onf
vnf; om;i,fa&Svusefaomf
vnf; tpfudkwdkYaoovdk a&Sv
aornfupkd ;kd wmrmtm;ac:Ny;D
vQiif ghom; a&SvrBu;D rSD oift
h b
tdrfrkqdk;rjyK aeyg[kqdkonf
twdik ;f wmrmjyefomG ; rdrt
d b
tdrf aeygonf/ umvtwef
Mumonfhtcg ,k'r,m;vnf;
aoygonf/ wpfaeYo ,k'onf
rdro
d ;kd arG;nyaf omolw&Ykd &dS m wdr
ewfNrKd UodYk oGm;ygonf/ xko
d Ykd ,k'
c&D;jyKaMumif; acR;rwmrmMum;
vQif rkqdk;r\t0wfudk cRwf
rsufESmzHk;ESifh rsufESmudk zHk;vsuf
udk,fudkvnf;NcHKHkvQuf wdrewf
NrdKUodkUoGm;aomvrf;tem;? {edrf
NrdKUwHcg;0 xkdifaeygonf/ t
aMumif;rSm a&SvBuD;aomfvnf;
rdrdESifhtdrfaxmifbuf rjyK&[k
odjrifaomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ xkd
t&yfoYkd ,k'a&mufaomtcg wm
rmonf rsufESmudkzHk; aeaom
aMumifh jynfhwefqmjzpfonf[k
xifrSwfvsuf csOf;uyfNyD; oifhxH
odUk 0if&aomtcGiu
hf kd ay;ygavmh
[k ,k'qdyk gonf/ xkt
d cg wmru
uRerf xHoYkd 0ifvakd omiSm tb,f
qkukd ay;rnfenf;[k ar;vQif ,k'
u qdwo
f i,fukd ay;vku
d rf nf[k
qdyk gonf/ qdwo
f i,fukd ray;rSD
ypnf;wpfckckudk taygifxm;zdkY
awmif;onfhtcg aemufqHk;o
abmwlNyD; ,k'onf wmrmtm;
wHqdyf? pvG,fESifh vufpGJawmif
a0S;udak y; xkrd ed ;f rxHo0Ykd ifvQif
olonf y#doaEp,
JG al vonf/ ,k
'onf acR;rxHodkY 0ifaomfvnf;

wmrmjzpfreS ;f udrk odyg/ aemufo;kH


vvGeaf omtcg olwpfyg;u oif
\acR;rwmrmonf jynfwefqm
vkyf rw&m;aomarxkefjyKo
jzifh udk,f0efaqmifvsufaeNyD[k
qdkvQif ,k'u olYudkxkwf rD;IdU
ap[k pD&ifavonf/ xkt
d cg wm
rmonfwq
H yd ?f pvG,?f awmifa0S;
wkdYudk a,murxHodkU ydkYap
Opmudk ydkifaomoltm;jzifh uRefr

onf rdrt
d rSm;udk jrifNy;D rS aemifw
ESifh om;r&rSDwdkifatmif wmrm
tm; rcsOf;uyfbJ aecJhygonf/
wmrmudk MunfhvQifvnf; jyKrl
onfu jynfw
h efqmuJo
h jYkd zpfaomf
vnf; tjcm;olrsm;ESifhrSm;onfr
[k w f y g/ wmrm\ES v H k ; om;u
a,mur\rsdK;qufzdkY&ef qE&Sd
aMumif; ormusr;f teufziG afh om
tbd"m ef azmfjyxm;onfuakd wGY

onf y#doaE,lNyD/ Opmonf


tb,fo\
l Opmjzpfonfukd Munfh
ygavmh[k rSmvdu
k \
f / xkt
d cg ,k'
onf rdrdOpmudkrSwfrdojzifh ol\
tjypfxuf ightjypfomBuD;ay
\/ olt
Y m; ighom; a&Svudk ray;
pm;bJaerdNy[
D k ajymqdNk y;D rS aemuf
wpfzef olYtm; rcsOf;uyfbJaeyg
onf/ wmrmonfvnf; tcsdef
wefvQio
f m;udk bGm;onft
h cg zm
&ufEiS hf aZ&wdEYk pS Of ;D udk &ygonf/
tHhMop&mtrIu ,k'ESifh wmrm
onf a,Ic&pf\aqGawmfpOfrsKd ;
awmfqufpm&if;wGif yg0ifomG ;cJyh g
onf/jzpf&yfuMkd unfyh gu qd;k aom
trIjzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf
jzpf&yfxuf ESvHk;om;u tb,f
odYk &So
d nfukd Munfyh gonf/ ,k't
oufwmudk MunfhvQifvnf; ,k'

&onf/ wmrmonf a,mur\


rsKd ;ud&k onft
h cg rdrt
d b\tdrf
jyefaeaMumif; awGU&ygonf/

ppfrSefaomaemifw
ESifhwdk;0ifygu
bk&m;ocifa&SUawmf vl
wkid ;f tjypfEiS hf ruif;yg/ um,uH?
0pDuH? raemuHwnf;[laom uH
oH;k yg;ESihf usK;vGerf Md uNy;D rS rdro
d nf
raumif;yg qd;k aomoljzpfonf[k
qdak omfvnf; bk&m;ocifxaH wmf
odkY aemifwESifh jyefrvmbJ rxl;
Zmwfcif;ygu bk&m;ocifESifhom
a0;oGm;rnfjzpfonf/ rdrt
d jypf
om;jzpfrSef;udk odNyD; aemifwESifh
vSnv
hf mygu xko
d u
l kd bk&m;ocif
u vufcyH gonf/ rnfrQBu;D aom
tjypfudkjyKrdygap ppfrSefaom

aemifwESv;kH om;ESihf vSnjhf yefvm


olukd bk&m;ocifu jiif;y,fawmf
rrlyg/bk&m;ocifonf ihgxHov
Ykd m
aomoludk igonf tvsif;ry,f
[k rdeUf awmfryl gonf/ ,k'ESihf wm
rmwd\
Yk tjypfonf bk&m;ocifa&SU
awmf qd;k aomfvnf; ESv;kH om;ESihf
bk&m;zufvn
S ahf omaMumifh bk&m;
ocifxHawmfrS cGifhvTwfjcif;ESifh
arwmaMumifh aus;Zl;jyKjcif;cH&,Hk
rQru ocifc&pfawmf\aqGawmf
pOf rsKd ;awmfqufpm&if;vnf; yg
0ifcGifh&oGm;Muygonf/ zm&d&SJESifh
usrf;wufyk*dKvfwdkYonf bk&m;o
cif\ynwfawmfaygif; (613)
csuu
f kd rdrw
d v
Ykd u
kd af vQmufaeonf
[kcH,laeaomfvnf; ocifa,I
u olwt
Ykd m; oifwt
Ykd &if aumif;
uifEdkifiHawmfodkY jynfhwefqmESifh
qdk;aomolrsm;u t&iftOD;0if
Muonf[k today;rdeq
Yf ykd gonf/
taMumif;rSm zm&d&EJS iS hf usr;f jyKq
&mwdkYu rdrdwdkYtjypfudkrjrif? rdrd
wdkY tjypf&Sdonf[k rrSwf,l? xkdY
aMumifh aemifwESifh bk&m;&SifxH
awmfodkY jyefrvmMuyg/ jynfwef
qmrESifhqdk;aomolrsm;rSmrlum;
rdrw
d q
Ykd ;kd aMumif;odNy;D rdrw
d t
Ydk jypf
rsm;ud0k efc
H aemifwESihf bk&m;o
cifxaH wmfov
Ykd n
S v
hf mMuygonf/
xkdYaMumifh olwdkYu bk&m;ocifxH
awmfrS cGifhvTwfjcif;ESifh aus;Zl;jyK
jcif;udk cHMu&ygonf/ ormusrf;
pm azmfjyxm;aomaemuf trsKd ;
orD;wpfa,muftaMumif; azmfjy
vdyk gonf/ xko
d o
l nf aemrd\acR;
rkojzpfonf/ koonf rkq;kd rb
0odYk a&muf&o
dS mG ;&aomfvnf; rdrd
a,murpum;udk waoGrwdrf;
em;axmifaomol jzpfonf/ rdrd
a,murudk av;pm; cspfojzifh
ajymorQuekd mcHvkyaf qmifwuf

page 5

ygonf/xko
d eYdk m;axmifojzifh aem
rd\vif {vdrvuf\taqGtrsKd ;
jzpfaomaAmZtrnf&dS olaX;wpf
OD;ESifh pHkzufcGifh&cJhygonf/ aAmZ
onf bk&m;ocifudk cspfaomol
jzpfonf/ trI aemrdESifh ko
wdt
Yk jyKtrlu rw&m;[k qdpk &m&Sd
ygonf/aAmZtdyfonfh ajc&if;
wGif 0iftdyf&ef&kotm; aemrdu
rSmxm;onf/ rSmxm;onft
h wdik ;f
ko jyKcJhygonf/ xkdodkYjyKcJhonf
aemuf aAmZEk;d vmNy;D koudk awGY
cJhygonf/ odkYNyD;rS aemufqHk;wGif
aAmZonf koudpk zkH ufNy;D MoAuf
trnf&Sd om;a,muFsm;udk bGm;
jrifcJhygonf/ olwdkYonfvnf; o
cifa,I\aqGawmfpOfrsdK;quf
pm&if;wGif yg0ifcJhygonf/ bk&m;
ocifonf tjypfudk &GHUrkef;aomf
vnf; vlukd cspaf ombk&m; jzpfyg
onf/ odrYk aYkd Mumifh rnfrQtjypfrsm;
ygap rnfrQBu;D av;aom 'kpdu
k f
udk jyKrdygap ppfrSefaomaemifw
ESvHk;om;ESifh udk,fawmfbufodkY
vSnv
hf mygu rjiif;y,fbJ vufcH
aomt&Sif jzpfygonf/

tjypfrsm;vsuf
yifvGwfap
bk&m;&Sio
f nf jyifytajc
taeESifh vkyf&yfudkrBunfh?ESvHk;
om;udMk unfah omt&Sijf zpfygonf/
(a,mI? 2)wGif &mcyftrnf&dS t
rsdK;orD;wpfOD;udk xyfawGY&jyef
ygonf/ olonfvnf; jynfwef
qmwpfa,muf jzpfonf/ &mcyf
onf jynfw
h efqmwpfO;D jzpfaomf
vnf; a,mIu olvQdKtjzpf ap
vTwaf omolEpS Of ;D udk u,f 0Suf
xm;ay;ygonf/ olonf twdwf
u trSefwu,fqdk;cJhaom rdef;r
jzpfaomfvnf; ESv;kH om;u bk&m;
ocifut
kd mHjk yKaomaMumifh bk&m;

vlrsm;udk odygonf/ xkaYd Mumifh ol


wdkY a&mufvmaomtcg tcGifht
a&;udk vufvw
G rf cHbJ NrKd Uom;rsm;
vufrS vGwzf &Ykd ef tultnDay;yg
onf/ bk&m;vlrsm;ud'k u
k a y;ygu
olrtyg t0ifNrKd UolNrKd Uom;rsm;yg
'kua&mufrnfudkolrodygonf/
xkaYd Mumifh bk&m;ocifbuf rnf
odkY &yf&rnfudk odygonf/ xkdodkY
bk&m;vlrsm;udk ulnDu,fvTwf
ay;ojzifh xko
d rl sm;uvnf; &mcyf

vifu
h pm; tvGwrf ay;pD&ifwuf
ygonf/odaYk omftjypfrsm;vsuyf if
ESv;kH om;u 0rf;enf;aMuuGv
J suf
aemifwESib
hf &k m;&Six
f aH wmfoYkd wk;d
0ifygu vGwfjcif;tcGihfudk cHpm;
apygonf/ "ra[mif;umvu
yif tjypfrsm;vSaomfvnf; aemif
wESix
hf aH wmfoYkd wd;k 0ifaomol\
tjypfudk cGifhvGwfonfjzpfvQif
,ck wpfyg;wnf;aomom;awmf
udk avmuodkY apvGwfawmfrl

ESihf olrY b
d ?aygufabmfrsm;touf
twGuf tmrcHjyefomG ;ygonf/
xkaYd emuf NrKd Uudo
k rd ;f ydu
k zf &Ykd ef a,m
IESifh vlrsm;jyefvmonfhtcg NrdKU
xJ &S&d o
dS rQaomolwu
Ykd kd xm;ESihf
&Si;f &Si;f zsuq
f ;D Muaomfvnf; jynfh
wefqmr &mcyfEiS o
hf \
l tdro
f t
l rd f
om;?aygufabmfrsm;udx
k w
k af qmif
wyfjyif xm;ygonf/ &mcyf
&SifcJhaomtoufwmu qdk;aomf
vnf; ESvHk;om;u aemifwESifh
bk&m;&SifxHodkY jyefvmNyD; bk&m;
ocif ckdvHIojzifh toufab;rS
vGwcf &hJ ygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf
uREykf w
f w
Ykd pfO;D pD\tjyif jrifEikd f
aomtouf&iS rf u
I kd rMunfyh g/ t
wGif;ESvHk;om;udkom Munfhaom
bk&m;jzpfygonf/bk&m;ocifonf
w&m;pD&if&m tjypfwpfckyif&Sd

NyD; vlom;tm;vHk;\tjypf udk,f


pm;taocHapNyD;rS rvGwfbJ ae
awmfrlrnfavm/ trSefwu,f
vGwfawmfrlrnf jzpfygonf/ t
u,f vGwfjcif;rcH&[k qdkygu
tb,fhaMumifhenf;/ bk&m;&Sif

onf arwmawmfESifh jyifqifay;


aom aus;Zl;awmfudk vufrcHbJ
jiif;y,fom jzpfayrnf/ rsuf
jrif xif&Sm;avmuodkY <uvm
um;wdik f taocHNy;D jypfa<u;qyf
ay;awmfrlaom t&Sifudk rdrd\
u,fwif&iS t
f jzpf ,HMk unfvufcH
jcif;r&Sdom rvGwfjcif; jzpfay
rnf/ bk&m;ocifonf tjypfrsm;
vSaom uREykf w
f \
Ykd tjypfukd vTwf
vdk rdrd&Sdaom wpfyg;wnf;
aomom;awmfuykd if pGeaYf wmfrNl y;D
jzpfygonf/ xkdt&mu uREfkyfwdkY
tm;bk&m;ocifcspaf wmfral Mumif;
oufaojzpfygonf/ xkdYaMumifh
uREykf w
f t
Ykd oD;oD;onfrnfoaYkd om
tajctae&Sdaeygap? rnfrQt
jypfrsm;aeygap usdK;yJha<urGaom
aemifwESv;kH om;ESihf ud,
k af wmfxH
odYk vmygu bk&m;ocifonf rnf
olYudkrQ jiif;y,fawmfrrl/ tjypf
cGifhvTwfjcif;udk cH&vQuf bk&m;
&SifarwmESifh jyifqifxm;aom
aumif;usdK;csrf;om tvHk;pHkudk
cHpm;&rnfjzpfaMumif; arwmESifh
today;a0iSvdkuf&ygonf/

emrawmfjrwf
nDtpfudkOD;uyfcefYckyf

today;aMujimjcif;

oufaocHcGifh&wJhtwGuf bk&m;ocif&JUaus;Zl;awmfudk
cs;D rGr;f ygw,f/ uRerf om; pifumylrmS qD;ausmufwnfvYkd aq;Hk
wufcJh&ygw,f/ 'gayrJh cGJpdwfq&m0efr&SdvdkY (3)&ufyJ wwfcJh&
w,f/ q&m0efu qD;ydu
k o
f ,
G af y;Ny;D (5)&ufae&if jyefvmzdYk csed ;f
ygw,f/ tJ'&D uftwGi;f rSm uRerf wdrYk o
d m;pk tjypfawGukd bk&m;
ocifqrD mS 0efcsawmif;yef&if; uRerf &JUom; rcGrJ pdw&f yJ oufom
zdYk qkawmif;cJyh gw,f/ uRerf &JUom;vnf; tJ'(D 5)&uftwGi;f bm
aq;rS raomufyJ a&yJ aomufcJhygw,f/ aus;Zl;awmfaMumifh
q&m0efcsed ;f xm;wJ&h ufjynfv
h Ykd aq;Ho
k mG ;jywJt
h cg bmausmufrS
r&Sad wmhygbl;/ rcGrJ pdw&f bJ oufomaysmufuif;cGi&hf vdYk aus;Zl;
awmfcs;D rG;&if; oufaocHvu
kd yf gw,f/
a':eefaY r;av

page 6

bk&m;ocif\zefqif;jcif;
taMumif;udk uREfkyfwdkY qifjcif
onfhtcg pnf;urf;wus &SdvS
onfudk awGY&onf/ aumif;uif
ESihf ajrBu;D udk zefqif;onf/ avm
u"mwfEiS ahf vmut&mrsm;udk zef
qif;onf/ aemufqHk; vludk zef
qif;awmfryl gonf/ vlukd zefqif;
awmfrl&m OD;pGm vla,musfm;udk
zefqif;awmfrNl y;D olEiS ahf wmfavsmf
aomtaxmuftrtjzpf vlred ;f r
udk zefqif;awmfrv
l suf b0c&D;
twlwuG avsmufMuzdkY&ef udk,f
awmfwikd pf zkH ufay;awmfryl gonf/
,aeY ,HkMunfolwdkY\tdrfaxmif
onf bk&m;ausmif;xJ toa&
ESihf jynfpakH ompHzk ufjcif;udk jyKjcif;
tm;jzifh tpjyKcJhygonf/ vludk
bk&m;ocif zefqif;ptcsed u
f vl
a,musmf ;taeESijhf zpfonf/bk&m;
ocif\tvdak wmfEiS t
hf nD vlred ;f
rESifhpHkzufNyD;aemuf cifyGef;onf
tjzpfoYkd a&muf&v
dS mygonf/ xkrd S
wqifh ume? tmaAvwdkYudk
arG;zGm;NyD;csdef tm'Honf zcif
tjzpfoYkd a&muf&cdS yhJ gonf/ ,aeY
avmuBu;D xJ tdraf xmifzufNy;D
Muaomfvnf; om;orD;r&Muo
jzifh zciftjzpfodkY ra&mufMuol
rsm;pGm &Sad eygonf/ zcifjzpf&jcif;
onf bk&m;ocif\ csD;ajrmufbd
odufay;cHjcif; jzpfygonf/ tdrf
axmifwpfck om;orD;rnfrQ&Sd&Sd
zcifu cspyf gonf/ zcifrsm;onf
om;orD;udk csp,
f rkH Qru teD;uyf
MunfjI yKpak uR;arG;apmifah &SmufzYkd
wm0efyg bk&m;ocifu ay;xm;

or m w&m;ud k qif j cif


onft
h cg? bk&m;ocifonf t&m
cyfodrf;udk pDrHcefYcGJxm;awmfrl
aMumif; awGU&onf/

jzpfwnfaeaomtajctaewdkif;
onf bk&m;ocifu aumif;uif
bHrk aS e Munfh NI y;D pDraH ejcif; jzpf
ygonf/ uREfkyfwdkYtoufwm z
cifjzpf&jcif;onfvnf; bk&m;o
cif\tpDtpOfawmf jzpfygonf/
uREykf w
f o
Ykd nft&mcyford ;f twGu?f
tajctaewdik ;f twGuf bk&m;&Sif
udk csD;rGrf;wufaomolrsm;jzpfMu
zdYk bk&m;ociftvdak wmf&ydS gonf/
tdrfaxmifwpfck vlpOfrrSD? usyf
rjynfhaomuav;wpfOD;arG;vm
yguvnf; csD;rGrf;wufMuzdkY vdkyg

]]xk d o uf a ocH a omol


wd k Y E S i f h t wl bk & m;ocif o nf
edrdwfvuPm?tHhMobG,faom
trIt&mtm;jzifh4if;? xl;qef;
aomwefcdk;txl;xl;tjym;jym;
tm;jzifh4if;?oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOf
awmfonfrdrdtvdkawmftwdkif;
a0iSaomqkaus;Zl;tm;jzifh4if;
ouf a ocH a wmf r l N yD } }
(a[NAJ ? 2;4)
uREfkyfwdkY&Sdaeaomae&m?

onf/ xkdodkYaomuav; arG;vm


onfhtcg tcsdKUaomrdbrsm;u
0rf;enf;aeMuonf/ tdrfaxmif
wpfck om;orD;arG;zGm;vmonfh
tcg ajcacsmif;? vufacsmif;? rsuf
vHk;? ESmacgif;? em;&Gufponfjzifh
udk,fvuft*FgpHkpGm arG;zGm;vmyg
u bk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;awmfudk
csD;rGrf;MuzdkY jzpfonf/ jynfhpHkonf
jzpfap? csdKUwJhonfjzpfap csD;rGrf;
wufMuzdkYvdkygonf/ avmuBuD;

ygonf/ zcifjzpf&jcif;onf rdrd


uHaumif;? BudK;pm;tm;xkwf
jzpf&onf[k rxifygESi/hf zcifjzpf
&jcif;onf bk&m;ocifu bdou
d f
ESif hwm0efESifhwGJzuf csD;ajrmuf
ay;xm;jcif;jzpfygonf/

bk&m;ocif\
tvdkawmfESifhtnDf

xJ a,mufsm;jzpf&jcif;? xkdrSw
qifh cifyGef;jzpf&jcif;? zciftjzpf
odUk a&muf&jcif;onf bk&m;ocif
\tpDtrHjzpfaMumif; odrw
S Mf uzdYk
vdyk gonf/ EIwu
f ywfawmfukd oif
ay;aomq&m? q&mrrsm;onf
vnf; rdrw
d t
Ykd wef;xJoYkd vlpOfrrSD
aomuav;? usyfrjynfhaomu
av;? taqmhoefaomuav;
wpfOD;OD;a,mufvmygu csD;rGrf;
wwfMuzdYk vkyd gonf/ taMumif;rSm
rnfonfhtwef;odkY rnfonfhu
av;udk ydkY&rnfenf;[k bk&m;o
cifonf aumif;uifrMS unf
h pDrH
aejcif;jzpfonf/taqmhoefaom
uav;?xde;f &cufaomuav;udk
pdw&f n
S o
f nf;cHNy;D jyKpEk ikd af omq
&mr&So
d nft
h wef;odYk bk&m;ocif
u ydaYk y;wufygonf/ uav;rsm;
udk EIwfuywfawmfoifay;onfh
tcg q&m? q&mrwpfOD;wnf;
r&yg/ wpfa,mufu EIwfuywf
awmfoifay;aecsdef aemufwpf
a,mufuxde;f ay;aezdv
Yk ykd gonf/
xdkYaMumifh uREfkyfwdkY vuf0,fodkY
bk&m;ocifu uav;i,fwpfOD;
jzpfap? vly*k Kd vw
f pfO;D jzpfap wpf
OD;OD;udk tyfESHonfhtcg uREfkyfwdkY
Munfh x
I ed ;f odr;f Edik rf nf[k ,lq
tyfESHjcif;jzpfaMumif; odrSwfNyD;
bk&m;ociftvdak wmfEiS t
hf nDMunfh
IjyKpo
k eG o
f ifvsuf xde;f odr;f Edik f
zdkY&ef qkawmif; bk&m;ocifxH
rS cGeftm;&,lNyD; vkyfaqmifyg/
bk&m;ociftvdak wmfukd Ny;D jynfph kH
pGm aqmif&u
G Ef ikd zf &Ykd ef bk&m;ocif
u rpuln
D cGet
f m;ay;rnfjzpf

page 7

ygonf/ txufazmfjyyg usrf;p


um;udk jyef qifjcifonfhtcg
bk&m;ocifonf tHMh ozG,t
f rIt
&mtm;jzifh xl;qef;aomwefcdk;
awmftm;jzifh uREyfk w
f t
Ykd oufwm
udk pDrHawmfrl&m oefU&Sif;aom
0dnmOfawmfonf rdrdtvdkawmf&Sd
onfhtwdkif;vl toD;oD;wdkYtm;
qkaus;Zl;rsm;udk a0iSay;awmfrl
ygonf/ qkaus;Zl;rsm;udk ay;jcif;
onf avmutdrfaxmifrdom;pk
ESifh oufqdkifjcif; r&Sdyg/ bk&m;o
cif\tdrfaxmifrdom;pk0ifjzpfNyD;
aomolrsm;ESio
hf moufqikd yf gonf/
a,Ic&pfawmfukd rdr\
d u,fwif
&Sit
f jzpf ,HMk unfvufcNH y;D olwikd ;f
onf oef&Y iS ;f aom0dnmOfawmf\
wHqyd cf yfjcif;udck &H Ny;D bk&m;ocif
\rd o m;pk 0 if r sm; jzpf v mMuyg
onf/ xko
d \
l txJoef&Y iS ;f aom
0dnmOfawmfudef;atmif;vsuf t
wlyg&SdNyD;? 0dnmOfawmftm;jzifh qk
aus;Zl;rsm;udkvnf; cHpm;&&Sdvm
Muygonf/ toif;awmf wm0ef
0w&m;toD;oD;udk aqmif&u
G af e
Muolrsm;pGm &SMd uygonf/ oef&Y iS ;f
aom0dnmOfawmf\ceft
Y yfwm0ef
ay;jcif;udk cH&aomolrsm;omvQif
atmifjrifjcif;? 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&SNd y;D
cs;D ajrm ufjcif;vnf; cHMu&ygonf/
xkdoludk bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkif
wefc;kd Bu;D aomvufawmftm;jzifh
apmifah &SmufrpuG,u
f maumif;
BuD;ay;ygonf/ uREfkyfwdkYudk;uG,f
aombk&m;onfcrnf;awmfb&k m;
wpfyg;? om;awmf a,Ic&pfwpf
yg;? oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfwpf
yg;oH;k yg;jzpfawmfral omfvnf; xkd
oHk;yg;wdkYonf wpfvHk;wpf0wnf;
jzpfawmfryl gonf/ yk*Kd vaf wmfjrwf
taeESihf oH;k yg;udak wG&Y aomfvnf;
uGjJ ym;jcif;r&Syd g/

]]ok d U jzpf v Qif aumif ;


uif b H k crnf ; awmf w pf y g;?
EI w f u ywf a wmf w pf y g;? oef Y
&S i f ; aom0d n mOf a wmf w pf y g;?
oufaocHoHk;yg;&Sd xkdoHk;yg;
wd k Y o nf w pf v H k ; wpf 0 wnf ; jzpf
awmf r l \ /}}
(1a,m? 5;7)
tjypfxJ &Sad eaomuREykf f
wdkYudk u,f&ef crnf;awmfbk&m;
onf wpfyg;wnf;aomom;udk
avmuodaYk pvTw
f arwm awmf
udk xif&mS ;apcJyh gonf/ om;awmf

uREfkyfwdkYonf trIudpwpfckckudk
jyKonft
h cgvnf; bk&m;ocifukd
qufuyftyfESHaqmif&Gufygu
xkt
d rIupd u
kd Ny;D qH;k atmif aqmif
&GufEdkifzdkY&ef bk&m;&Sifonf uG,f
umrpapmifhxdef;vsuf wm0ef,l
ygonf/

a,Ic&pfonfvnf; uREkfyfwdkYt
jypfvTwfjcif;&zdkY um;wdkif udk,f
pm;taocHjcif;tm;jzifh jypfa<u;&Sd
orQudk qyfay;vsuf aus;Zl;jyKcJh
ygonf/ oef&Y iS ;f aom0dnmOfawmf
bk&m;u arwmawmftm;jzifah us;
Zl;jyKjcif;trIudk uREfkyfwdkY oabm
aygufem;vnfNyD; toufwm
vufcHvmEdkifzdkU&ef oGefoifzGifhjy
jcif;? vrf;jyydaYk qmifjcif;trIukd jyK
ay;ygonf/ crnf;awmfbk&m;?
om;awmfbk&m;ESifh oefY&Sif;aom
0dnmOfawmfbk&m;onf uREfkyfwdkY
tjypfvGwfjcif; cH&NyD; u,fwif
jcif;odYk a&mufMuzd&Yk ef wpfnw
D pf
Gwfwnf;vkyfaqmifMuygonf/

]]tptOD ; bk & m;o


cif o nf a umif ; uif E S i f h a jrBuD ;
ud k zef q if ; awmf r l \ }}
(ur m ? 1;1)
aumif;uifESifh aNrBuD;r
wnf r&Srd u
DS yif bk&m;ocifonf
&Sdawmfrlygonf/ xkdbk&m;ocif
onf vludkvnf; zefqif;awmfrl
aomt&Sijf zpfygonf/
]]wzef b k & m;ocif u ?
igwd k Y y H k o @mef E S i f h w pf n D w
o@mef w nf ; vl u d k zef q if ;
Mupd k U }}
(ur m ? 1;26)
[k rdefYawmfrlygonf/ xkdusrf;p
um; igwd[
Yk al omA[k0pfued ;f udk

tjypfrsm;udk
azmfjyawmif;yefyg
urmOD;usrf;udk uREfkyfwdkY
Munfhygu bk&m;ocif\zefqif;
jcif;udkawGU&onf/

awGY&onf/ zefqif;jcif;trI c
rnf;awmfwpfyg;wnf; jyKonfr
[kwyf g/ om;awmfa,Ic&pfvnf;
twlyg&Syd gonf/
]]tptOD;EIwfu ywf
awmf & S d \ / EI w f u ywf a wmf
onf v nf ; bk & m;ocif E S i f h t
wl & S d \ / EI w f u ywf a wmf o nf
vnf ; bk & m;ocif j zpf a wmf r l
\/..xk d E I w f u ywf a wmf o nf
tptOD ; bk & m;ocif E S i f h t
wl & S d \ / xk d E I w f u ywf a wmf
onf cyf o d r f ; aomt&mwd k Y u d k
zef q if ; awmf r l \ /}}
(a,m? 1;1-3)
xkdEIwfuywfawmfonf
a,Ic&pfawmfyif jzpfonf/ om;
awmfa,Ic&pfonf tptOD;zef
qif;jcif;trIujkd yKcsed u
f yif crnf;
awmfb&k m;ESit
hf wlwuG &Sad wmfrl
ygonf/ (a,m 1;14)wGif ]]EI w f
uywf a wmf o nf v nf ; vl Z mwd
tjzpf u d k c H , l }}}}[k azmfjyxm;
onfudk awGY&onf/ EIwfuywf
awmf w nf ; [l a om a,I c &pf
onf uREfkyfwdkYudk tjypfrS u,f
cRwfzdkY&ef vlYZmwdudkcH,l avm
uBuD;odkY qif;<uawmfrlvmcJhyg
onf/ xkdtcsdefumvrwdkifrSD "r
a[mif;tcsed u
f bk&m;ocifonf
vludk EIwfawmfxGuftoHawmf
tm;jzifh qufo,
G rf jI yKygonf/tm
'HESifh {0pum;em;raxmif tjypf
jyKrdNyD;onfh nae {'ifO,smOf
bk&m;ocif<uvmawmfrNl y;D tm'H
ESifh {0tm; toHawmftm;jzifh
qufoG,fpum;ajymygonf/ xkd
tcsed f vlonf bk&m;pum;em;r
axmiftjypfjyKrdojzifh bk&m;o
cifEiS hf &ifrqkid &f b
J J O,smOftyif
wdYk yH;k uG,af eonfuakd wG&Y onf/
tm'HusL;vGerf ad omtjypfaMumifh

page 8

vlom;rsm;tay: tjypf&v
dS mNy;D
uREykf w
f o
Ykd nf arG;puyif tjypfyg
vmaMumif; ormusr;f pm azmfjy
xm;ygonf/ (qm 51;5) odaYk omf
bk&m;ocifonf uREfkyfwdkYudk cspf
awmfrl tjypfvGwfjcif;&zdkY&ef
om;awmfa,Ic&pfukd avmu
odYk apvTw
f um;wdik f taocH
apjcif;tm;jzifh jypfa<u;udk qyf
ay;awmfrlcJhygonf/ ocifa,I
udk rdrd\u,fwif&Siftjzpf ,Hk
Munf vufco
H nft
h cg xko
d o
l nf
tjypfvw
T jf cif;udk cH&vsuf bk&m;
ocif\om;orD; jzpfvmygonf/
,aeYvrJG mS ;aomoGeo
f ifcsuw
f pf
ckay:aygufvsuf &Sdonf/ xkdoGef
oufcsufu ocifa,Iudk ,Hk
MunfvufcHjcif;tm;jzifh tjypf
vGwfjcif;cH&NyD;aemuf ,HkMunfol
onf bmvkyv
f yk f tjypfr&Sad wmh?
tjypf0efcsawmif;yefp&mrvdak wmh
ocifa,Iu uREfkyfwdkYtwdwf?
ypKye ?f tem*wftjypftm;vH;k udk
ajzvTwfNyD;jzpfonf[koGefoifMu
onf/ bmvkyfvkyftjypfr&Sdawmh
[k oGeo
f ifaomaMumifh vltrsm;
u BudKufMuonf/ xkdoGefoifrI
aemufodkY c&pf,mefrsm;pGmygoGm;
Muonf/ avmuynmwufrsm;pGm
vnf; ygoGm;Muonf/ olwdkYoGef
oifraI Mumif,
h MkH unfow
l pfa,muf
onf t&ufaomufonfjzpfap?
vdro
f nfjzpfap? cd;k onfjzpfap? qJ
onfjzpfap tjypfr&Sad wmhonfo
h
abm? xkdYaMumifh 0efcsp&mrvdk[k
xifp&m&Syd gonf/ odaYk omf xko
d eG f
oifrIonf EIwfuywfawmfESifhr
nDyg/ xkdoGefoifcsufu vlrdkuf
tm;ay;0g'jzpfonf/ xk0d g'udo
k eG f
oifaomolrsm;u jrpfBu;D em;buf
tawmftwefwdk;yGm;vmaeo
vdk &efukefNrdKUvnf; rsm;pGmaom

olrsm;u xkv
d rJG mS ;aomoGeo
f ifrI
aemufygoGm;Muonf/ bk&m;o
cifonf vlwikd ;f udk rdrEd pS o
f uf&m
oGefoifrIaemufodkY vdkufcGifhay;
xm;ygonf/ EIwu
f ywfawmf ,Hk
Munfot
l jypfjyKro
d nft
h cg bk&m;
ocifq;kH r'PfcwfaMumif; azmfjy
oGeo
f ifxm;aomusr;f yd'k rf sm;&Syd g
onf/ (ok? 3;11-12) ,HMk unfol
wpfO;D 'kp&du
k jf yKrNd y;D 0efcsawmif;
yefjcif;rjyKygu xko
d \
l qkawmif;
oHudk bk&m;&Sif em;ranmif;yg/
(a[&Sm? 59;1-2) ,HMk unfow
l pf
OD;bk&m;&Sif rESpo
f ufaomtrIukd
jyKrdonfhtcg a&SUawmfodkY wdk;0if
vdyk gu tjypf0efcsawmif;yefzYkd vdk

ygonf/ xkdodkY 0efcsawmif;yefyg


u ol\tjypfrsm;udk vGwrf nf[k
uwdawmf&ydS gonf/ (1a,m 1;9)
wGif azmfjyoGeo
f ifxm;onf0h efcs
awmif;yefapjcif;onf bk&m;o
cifrESpo
f ufreS ;f odvsuEf iS t
hf jypf
jyKrdaom,HkMunfolrsm;udk ajym
aejcif;jzpfygonf/ "ra[mif;um
vu ,Zfyak &m[dwrf if;onf,Zf
ylaZmfzdkY&ef toefY&Sif;qHk;Xme
ude;f 0yfawmfral om bk&m;&Sif a&SU
awmfoYkd wd;k 0ifonft
h cg bk&m;o
cif rdefYawmfrlxm;onfhoefYpifrI

trsKd ;rsKd ;udjk yK&onf/ raemrS usL;


vGerf rI sm;twGuf 0efcsawmif;yef
,HkrQru cEmudk,fudk aq;aMum
oefpY ifjcif;ESihf owfrw
S x
f m;aom
0wfvHkudk 0wf&onf/ bk&m;&Sif
ESpfoufaomtjypf0efcsjcif;ESifh
oefpY ifru
I rkd jyKbJ a&SUawmfoYkd 0if
ygu xkd,Zfyka&m[dwfrif;onf
a&SUawmf vJao&ygonf/ xkd
odkY tjypfajzjcif;trIudk wpfESpf
wpfBudrfom jyK&aMumif; awGU&
onf/ "ra[mif;umvu bk&m;
ocifa&SUawmfodkY ,Zfyka&m[dwf
rif;wpfO;D om 0ifciG &hf aomfvnf;
,ck "ropfumvwGif ocifa,
Ic&pf\ um;wdkif jypfa<u;udk

qyfay;awmfrNl y;D jzpfonft


h wGuf
Adrm efawmfuv
k m;umonfuo
JG mG ;
NyjD zpfNy;D toef&Y iS ;f qH;k Xmeawmf
usdef;0yfawmfrlaom bk&m;ocif
a&SUawmfoYkd ,HBk unfow
l ikd ;f tqD;
twm;r&Sd wd;k 0ifciG u
hf kd &&So
d mG ;NyD
jzpfygonf/ odkYaomf xkdodkYwdk;0if
onfhtcg uREfkyfwkdYu tjypfrsm;
udk 0efcsawmif;yefNyD;rS 0if&rnf
jzpfonf/ ocifa,Iudk ,HkMunf
vufcHNyD; aemufvkyfcsifwmvkyf?
0efcsawmif;yefp&mrvdyk g[k oGef
oifaeolrsm;? xk0d g'udck ,
H
l t

vGJtouf&Sifaeolrsm;udk arwm
ESifh owday;vdkonfrSm tjypf'kp
dkufwpfckckudk &J&ifhpGm jyKrdNyD; 0ef
csawmif;yefjcif;rjyKyJ yGJawmfr*F
vmudk 0ifqufqMH unfyh g/ xko
d Ykd
jyKaomolrsm;udk bk&m;ocifonf
qHk;rrnfjzpfonf/ xkdodkYqHk;r&m
tcsKd Uuse;f rma&;csKd UwJv
h mMuonf/
odkYygvsuf aemifwr&quf jyK
Muygu tcsKd Utoufq;kH onftxd
jzpfMu&ygonf/ xkdYaMumifh uREfkyf
wdkYonf bk&m;ocifudk rxDrJhjrif
jyK toufr&SifrdMuzdkY&ef owd
jyKoifyh gonf/

om;orD;rsm;udk
tcsdefay;yg
om;awmf t csd e f u mv
ocifa,Ionf ,HMk unforl sm; ESihf
eD;uyfpGm xdawGYoGefoifvsuf t
wl oGm;vmcJhygonf/ NyD;aemuf
um;wdkif jypfa<u;qyfay;awmf
rlzdkY&eftaocHNyD; oHk;&ufajrmuf
aomaeYwGif aojcif;udk atmif
&SifjyefxajrmufawmfrlNyD;aemuf
aumif;uifodkY jyefvnfwuf<u
oGm;awmfrlcJhygonf/ ocifa,I
aumif ; uif o d k Y wuf < uoG m ;NyD ;
aemuf ,HkMunfolwdkYudk oGefoifzdkY
&ef oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfqif;
oufawmfrlvmcJhygonf/ oefY&Sif;
aom0dnmOfawmfonf wrefawmf
wdkYtay:qif;oufvmNyD; wref
awmfrsm;onf a[majym&aomt
cGifhudk & trsdK;rsdK;aombmomp
um;ESifh a[majymMuygonf/ oefY
&Si;f aom0dnmOfawmf OyZK,q
f &m
a&muf v monf h t cg vl w d k Y t m;
'kpdkuftjypfudk azmfjyrnf[k rdefY
awmfryl gonf/xkt
Yd jyif tjypfvw
T f
jcif;cH&onft
h cg rnfrQ0rf;ajrmuf
p&mjzpfonfudk4if;? tjypf&Sdaom

page 9

olonf tem*wf rnfodkYpD&if


jcif;cH&rnfjzpfonfukdvnf; xif
&Sm;pGmazmfjyrnfjzpfaMumif; owd
ay;xm;ygonf/ (a,m?16;8)oefY
&Si;f aom0dnmOfawmfonftoif;
awmf toD;oD;wdkYtm; qkaus;
Zl;toD;oD;udk ay; trIawmfukd
aqmif&GufapzdkY&ef cGJcefYyg0ifap
ygonf/ tcsdKUudk EdI;aqmfaoG;
aqmifolt&m4if;? tcsdKUu r
a[mwwf? rajymwwf? roGeo
f if
wwfaomfvnf; pGefYBuJay;urf;
jcif;u@ yg0ifapovd?k tcsKd Uudk
tkycf sKyaf &;u@ yg0ifapNy;D t
csdKUudk apwempdwfESifh rpoem;
jcif;trIudk jyKapygonf/ toif;
awmf xkdokdYvltoD;oD;tm; qk
aus;Zl;toD;oD;udak y; yg0ifap
ygonf/ vlwdkif; tenf;qHk; qk
aus;Zl;wpfckpD&SdMuygonf/ xkdt
&mudk qifjcif rdrdudk bk&m;ay;
xm;aomqkaus;Zl;ESit
hf nD yg0if
yg/ uREfkyfwdkYonf toif;awmf
yg0ifaomt*Fgcsi;f jzpf &&Sx
d m;
aomqkaus;Zl;udk vdu
k
f aqmif

&Gupf &mtrItoD;oD;&SMd uygonf/


xkdYaMumifh? wpfa,mufESifh wpf
a,muftjyeftvSeu
f n
l rD parwm
jyvsuf aygif;oif;qufqHaeMu
zdkY&ef bk&m;ocif tvdkawmf&Sdyg
onf/ oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf
onf vltoD;oD;udk qkaus;Zl;t
oD;oD;ay;xm;jcif;onf bk&m;o
cifbkef;awmf xif&Sm;zdkYtwGuf yg
0ifvyk af qmifMuzd&Yk ef jzpfonf/ t
oif;awmfonf vlrsm;ESifh yg0ifzGJY
pnf;xm;aomaMumifh bk&m;ocif
\tvdak wmfEiS n
hf aD omvkyaf qmif
rIjzpfzdkY&ef bk&m;ocif\tkyfpdk;rI
atmuf &SdzdkYvdkygonf/ &Hzef&Hcg
vlYtaeESifh tpDtpOfrsm; csrSwf
aqmif&u
G &f aomfvnf; xkad qmif
&Gurf o
I nfvnf; bk&m;ocif\t
vdak wmfEiS t
hf nD azmfjyjcif;aMumifh
om aqmif&u
G &f jcif;jzpfonf/ t
oif;awmf ,HMk unforl sm;yg0ifMu
onf/xk,
d MkH unforl sm;vnf; tdrf
axmifrdom;pk toD;oD; &SdMuyg
onf/ tdrfaxmifwpfck zcif? rd
cifrsm;&SdMuovdk olwdkYtoD;oD;

oef&Y iS ;f aom0dnmOfawmfonf rdrd


tvd&k o
dS nftwdik ;f ay;xm;aom
qkaus;Zl;toD;oD; &SdMuygonf/
zcifrsm;wdo
Yk nfvnf;rdrw
d Ykd bk&m;
ocif bdodufay;cefYxm;onfh
zciftdkuft&m&Sdaomqkaus;
Zl;rsm;ESit
hf nD ZeD;?om;orD;wdt
Yk
ay: tvdkawmfESifhtnD MunfhI
jyKpkarwmjyvsuf OD;aqmifoifh
ayonf/ &Hzef&Hcg zcifrsm; rdrd
wdo
Yk m;orD;rsm;udk ynmay;? Opm
ypn;f ay;? vdck sio
f rQ yHyh ;kd ay;vQif
zcif0wfausNyD[k xifwufMu
onf/ xkdodkYr[kwfyg? zcifrsm;
onf bk&m;ocifudk oduRrf;jcif;
toufwm touf&iS Mf uzdYk oGef
oifwnfaqmufay;Mu&ayrnf/
xkdYaMumifh zcifrsm;onf xkdokdY jyK
EdkifzdkY&ef rdrdwdkYom;orD;rsm;udk t
csed af y;zd?Yk arwmay;zdYk vdyk gonf/
tcsdKUaomzcifrsm;u rdrdwdkYom;
orD;rsm;udk tcsed rf ay;Mu/ rd;k vif;
rdk;csKyftvkyfESifh pD;yGm;a&;ESifh t
csdefukefMuonf/ tcsdKUaomtrI
awmfaqmifrsm;vnf; rdrdwdkYom;

orD;rsm;udk tcsdefray;Mu? trI


awmftwGuf[k qdkum vaygif;
rsm;pGm c&D;xGuMf uonf/ (1wd 5;
8) rdrv
d w
l u
Ykd rkd jyKp?k xkrd Qru rdrd
tdro
f l tdro
f m;rsm;udk rjyKpak om
olonf ,HMk unfjcif;w&m;udk jiif;
y,f\/ r,HMk unfb;l aomolxuf
om,kwrf m\[laomowday;p
um;udq
k ifjcifvsuf zcifrsm;onf
rdom;pkvt
kd yfcsut
f wGuf tvkyf
vkyfNyD; rdom;pkudk yHhydk;,HkrQru rd
om;pkom;orD;rsm;udv
k nf; tcsed f
ay;bk&m;ocifuakd Mumuf&UHG jcif;
ynm&zdkY&ef jyKpkoGefoifay;MuzdkY
bk&m;ociftvdkawmf&SdaMumif;
zcifrsm;aeY arwmESifh today;
a0iSvu
kd yf gonf/

,HkMunfolwdkYtoufwm
rd[m,zGJUjcif;trIonf t
vGet
f a&;Bu;D ygonf/ avmuBu;D
xJ aeYpOf uREfkyfwdkYtouf&Sif
usifvnfMu&m avmu"Hw&m;
\zdp;D rItrsKd ;rsKd ;aMumifh pdwrf om
nOf;wGm;p&mrsm;? aomuzdpD;rI
rsm;? um,tm;enf; a0'emcH
pm;&rIrsm;&SMd uaomfvnf; ,HMk unf
ol tcsif;csif;rd[m,zGJY&mt
&yfoYkd a&mufvmonft
h cg bk&m;
&Sif\wefcdk;awmfudk cHpm;&NyD;? ,Hk

Munfoltcsif;csif;wdkY\cGeftm;&
zG,o
f ufaocHcsurf sm;udk qifjcif
&jcif;tm;jzifh txufazmfjyyg cH
pm;rIrsm; avsmhyg;aysmufuG,f
oGm;&ygonf/ bk&m;ocif\rsuf
arSmufawmfodkYvm rd[m,
zGJYjcif;tm;jzifh rusef;rrmolrsm;
use;f rmoGm;Edik o
f vd?k avmu"Hw
&m;\zdpD;rItrsdK;rsdK;aMumifh BuHK&
aomtcuftcJjyemrsm;vnf;
ajyvnfciG &hf Muygonf/ xkaYd Mumifh
bk&m;ocifu ,HkMunfoltcsif;

csif;pnf;a0;jcif;trIudk ra&Smifr
vGMJ uESi[
hf (k a[?10;25)wGif owd
ay;azmfjyxm;ygonf/ taMumif;
rSm xku
d o
hJ o
Ykd abmcsi;f wlvsuf ae
Muaomt&yf xm0&bk&m;onf
tpOftNrJ touf&Sifjcif;tcGifh
wnf;[laom aumif;BuD;r*Fvm
udk pD&ifawmfral omaMumifh jzpfyg
onf/ (qm? 133;3)

zcif\arwmw&m;udk
odrSwf

emrawmfjrwf
nDtpfudkOD;wifarmifdk

zcifrsm;onf bk&m;ocif
csD;ajrmufbdodufay;jcif; cH&ol
rsm;jzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh zcif&Sd
aom ,HkMunfolrsm;onf rdrdwdkY
tm; bk&m;ocifay;xm;aom
zciftouf&iS x
f if&mS ;&Spd Of tcsed f
zcifw\
Ykd wefz;kd ? av;pm;xku
d rf I
wdkYudk odNyD;pum;udk em;axmif
vsuf dkaojcif;ESifhwuG jyKoifh
aom 0#fBuD;0#fi,f&SdorQwdkUudk

page 10

arwmESifhjyKMuzdkY vdkygonf/ odkYrS


om zciftoufaoqH;k onft
h cg
zcifwt
Ykd ay:rdrw
d jYkd yKoifyh gvsuf
ESifh rjyKcJhrdaomtrIrsm;twGuf
aemifw&p&mruse&f pfrmS jzpfonf/
,aeY tcsdKUaomom;orD;rsm;u
rdrdwdkYtm; bk&m;ocifay;xm;
aomzciftouf&SifpOf av;pm;
kdaorIr&Sd? zcifpum;udk em;r
axmif,rkH Qru zcifupkd w
d yf ifyef;
apaomom;orD;rsm;udk awGY&
onf/ xkdolrsm;onf bk&m;ocif
ud k rod M uaomol r sm;r[k w f ?
bk&m;ocifukd od&,
dS MkH unfygonf
[k 0efcHaom,HkMunfolom;orD;
rsm;jzpfMuonf/ odkYjzpf ,aeY
bk&m;ocifay;xm;aomzcif? rd
cif &SdMuaomom;orD;rsm;tae
ESihf rdrw
d Ukd rdzpum;udk em;raxmif?
kdaoav;pm;jcif;r&SdbJ touf
&Sirf Md uygu ,aeYaemifw&vsuf
EIwfuywfawmftwdkif; bk&m;o
ciftvdkawmfESifhtnD rdbwdkY\
aus;Zl;w&m;udk odrSwfvsuf p
um;em;axmif touf&SifMuzdkY
&ef owdjyKoifMh uygonf/ zcifwYkd
u om;orD;rnfrQq;kd ygap cspMf u
onf/ arwmESiq
hf ufqMH uonf/
ormusr;f pmudk qifjcifonft
h cg
rdrdtm;ykefuefNyD; toufudk &ef
&Smonfhom;qdk;tay: arwm
xm;aomzcif'g0dw\
f taMumif;
udk awGY&ovdk (2&m? 15)wGif
'g0dwf\om; tA&SvHkonf zcif
'g0dwftm;ykefuef zcif\&mZ
yviu
f v
kd ,
k zl &Ykd eftm;xkwaf Mumif;
awGY&onf/ 'g0dwfonf tA&SvHk
xHrSajy; awmifay: acwae
ygonf/ 'g0dwaf emufoYkd tA&SvkH
onf rdrdvlrsm;ESifh twlvkdufyg
onf/ (2&m? 17;24-25) aemuf
qH;k tA&Svv
kH rl sm;ESihf 'g0dw\
f vl

wdpYk pfcif;rnft
h ajcodYk a&mufonfh
tcg zcif'g0dwfu rdrdrsufESmudk
axmuf om;tA&SvHk jznf;
nif;pGm jyKMuzdkU rdrdvltaygif;wdkY
udk rSmxm;onfudk awGU&onf/
]]&S i f b k & if u vnf ; ? igh
rsufESmudkaxmuf ighom; t
A&S v H k u d k jznf ; n i f ; pG m jyKMu
avmh[k ,Gmb? tbd&SJ? tdwJ
wd k Y u d k r S m xm;\/xk d o d k Y & S i f b k & if
onf tA&SvHktwGuf Adkvfrif;
taygif ; wd k Y u d k r S m xm;awmf r l
aomtcg? vl t aygif ; wd k Y o nf
Mum;Mu\/}}
(2&m? 18;5)

cwfatmif xkdk;av\/ vufeuf


aqmifvkvifwpfusdyfonfvnf;
tA&Svu
kH kd aoatmif owfMuyg
onf/ ppfyNJG y;D rdrv
d rl sm;jyefvm
onft
h cg &Sib
f &k if'g0dwo
f nf igh
om; tA&SvakH b;vGw\
f avm[k
ar;awmfrv
l Qif uk&dS trnf&adS om
olu t&Sifrif;BuD;\&efolrsm;
onf xkdvkvifuJhodkYjzpfMuygap
aom[k jyefavQmufavonf/ xkd
tcg? 'g0dwfonf rdrdom;ao
aMumif;udk odojzifh idka<u;av
onf/
]]&Sifbk&ifonf tvGef
Muifemaompdwf&Sdojzifh NrdKUwH

rnfrQtjypfBu;D tr*F&adS Mumif;


awGUEdik yf gonf/ 'g0dwf \tA&SvkH
tay: xm;aompdwfxm;onf
zcifwikd ;f u rdrw
d o
Ykd m;orD;rsm;t
ay: xm;&Sad ompdwo
f abm jzpf
ygonf/ xkdYaMumifh zciftouf
&Sif xif&mS ;&Sad eao;aom om;o
rD;rsm;onf tA&Sv\
kH toufwm
udk oifcef;pm,l rdrw
d zYkd cifrsm;
\aus;Zl;w&m;udk rodrSwf? apmf
um;rdaomom;qdk;orD;qdk;rjzpf
MubJ? zcifwdkY\arwmw&m;udk
odrw
S
f kad oav;pm;emcHMujcif;
tm;jzifh bk&m;ocifxHrS aumif;
BuD;r*FvmcHpm;MuzdkY&ef rdrdwdkYt
oufwmrsm;udk owdESifh jyifqif
MuzdkY vdkygonf/

arma&S\
rdcifuJhodkYjzpfMuzdkU&ef

'g0dwv
f w
l EYkd iS hf tA&Svv
kH l
wdkY {z&drfawm ppfNydKifMu&if;
tA&Svv
kH w
l o
Ykd nf ppf;IH rsm;pGm
aoMuonfomru tA&Svo
kH nf
vnf;ajy;av\/ xko
d aYkd jy;&if;ESihf
tA&SvHkpD;aomjrnf;onf BuD;
aomoydwyf iftudik ;f tcufatmuf
odkY 0if? tA&SvHk\acgif;onf
oydwyf if Nio
d jzifh tyif wGv
J JG
qGv
J suaf eygonf/ tA&Svt
kH yif
wGv
J aJG eonfukd jrifaomolwpf
a,mufonf ,GmbxHodkYoGm;
Mum;ajymvQif ,Gmbonf oGm;
tA&Sv\
kH ESv;kH udk vHES iS x
hf w
k jf cif;

cg;tay: &SdaomwJodkY wuf


wufpOfwGif tdkighom; tA
&S v H k igh o m;? igh o m;tA&S v H k
oif h u d k , f p m; igraoygavw
um;/ tdktA&SvHk? ighom;? igh
om;[k id k a <u;av\/}}
(2&m? 18;33)
zcif'g0dwo
f nf oifu
h ,
kd f
pm;igraoygwum;[k tA&SvHk
ao&jcif;twGuf 0rf;enf; idk
a<u;ygonf/ ae&m arG;o
zciftay: om;orD;u pdwf
tm;jzif?h EIwt
f m;jzifh ud,
k u
f m,
tusifhtm;jzifh jypfrSm;jcif;onf

rdcifrsm;onfvnf; zcif
rsm;enf;wl rdrdwdkYom;orD;rsm;t
ay: arwmpdwfESifhcspfaMumif;
awG&Y onf/ (urm?27)wGif Zuf
onf td
k rsuaf phreI o
f jzifh rjrif
Edkifaomtcg om;BuD; {aomudk
aumif;BuD;ay;zdkY&ef awm trJ
aumifudk&Sm csufjyKwfNyD;,lcJhzdkY
ajymygonf/ xkdodkY{aomtm;
Zufajymaompum;udk rdcif a&
AuMum;vQif rdcifu rdro
d m;i,f
,mukyt
f m; aumif;Bu;D &apvdyk g
onf/ xkaYd Mumifh om;i,f ,mukyf
udkac: tbu rdrdraorSD xm
0&bk&m;a&SaY wmfrmS oifu
h kd aumif;
BuD;ay;zdkUigpm;p&mtrJ[if;vsm
udck su
f ,lczhJ &Ykd ef tpfukd {aom
tm;ajymonfukd igMum;NyD [k rdcif
a&Auu ,mukyftm; ajymyg
onf/ odjYk zpf qdwfoi,f ESpf
aumifukd ighxo
H ,
Ykd cl yhJ gavmh/ oif
\tb Nrdef,Sufwufaom trJ

page 11

[if;vsmudk igcsurf nf/ oif\t


b raorSDoifhudk aumif;BuD;ay;
rnftaMumif;udk xkt
d pmudk tb
pm;apjcif;iSm oifonf tbxH
odUk ydUk aqmif&rnf[q
k \
kd / xkt
d cg
,mukyfu tpfudk{aomum; t
arT;&Sad omol? uREykf u
f m; acsmrGwf
aomoljzpf\/ uREfkyftbonf
uREfkyfudk prf;oyfaumif;prf;oyf
vdrfhrnf/ odkYjzpfvQif odNyD; uREfkyf
udk vSnphf m;aomol[k xifojzif?h
uREfkyfonf r*Fvmudkr&bJ usdef
jcif; tr*Fvmudkom cH&vdrfhrnf
[ktrdukd qdyk gonf/ xkt
d cg trd
jzpfola&Auu om;,mukyfudk
cspo
f jzifh oifc&H aomused jf cif;t
r*Fvmonf igoifah &mufygap/
ighhpum;udkom em;axmif jyKyg
[kqkdygonf/ (urm? 27;13) a&
Au\ rdrdom; ,mukyftay:
xm;aompdwfoabmonf rdcif
wdkif;u rdrdwdkYom;orD;tay:
xm;aom pdwfoabmESifhtwlwl
yifjzpfygonf/ om;orD;t&G,f
&Sdaeaomolrsm;u rdbwdkY\rdrd
wdkYtay:xm;aom arwmpdwf
oabmudk ,cktcsed f rodEikd Mf u
aomfvnf; wcsdefcsdef rdrdwdkYudk,f
wdkif tdrfaxmifus om;orD;&
vmaomtcgrS xkdpdwfoabmudk
rSeu
f efpmG em;vnfvmMurnfjzpf
onf/ ormusr;f pm azmfjyaom
aemufrdcifwpfOD;u arma&S\rd
cifjzpfygonf/ arma&S\rdcift
aMumif;udk ormusrf;pm rsm;pGm
azmfjyxm;onfudk rawGU&yg/
]]arma&S o nf touf
t&G , f B uD ; aomtcg tjypf & S d
aomumr*kPfudkcPcHpm;jcif;
xuf bk & m;ocif \ vl w d k Y E S i f h
twl n Of ; qJ c H & jcif ; ud k om
tvd k & S d o jzif h 4 if ; ? tJ * k w K jynf

\pnf;pdrfxufc&pfawmfaMumifh
uJ h & J U jcif ; ?'k u o nf omjrwf
aompnf ; pd r f j zpf o nf u d k pd w f
xifojzifh4if;?,HkMunfjcif;pdwf
&S d zma&mbk & if o rD ; \om;
[lac:a0:jcif;tcGifhudk y,f
\/ taMumif;rlum; aemuf&
vwH U aomtusd K ;ud k a xmuf p m
arQmf v if h v suf a e\/}}
(a[NAJ? 11;24-26)
ae&m arma&S\ ,Hk
Munfjcif;jzifh rSeu
f efaoma&G;cs,f
rIjyKjcif;\touf&SifrIudk awGU&
onf/ trI arma&SjyKaomt

udkpGefY ,HkMunfjcif;jzifh touf


&SifEdkifrnfr[kwfay/ ,aeY xkdt
rIt&monfrcd ifrsm;twGuv
f nf;
owdjyKp&mjzpfygonf/ ,aeY rdrd
wdo
Yk m;orD;rsm;ud,
k MkH unfjcif;jzifh
touf&SifwwfzdkY jyKpkysdK;axmif
ay;aeygovm;/ avmu bGUJ xl;?
*kPfxl;? &mxl;rsm;&NyD; aiGrsm;pGm
&SmEdkifaomavmuD<u,f0rIpnf;
pdrfudk wnfaqmufEdkifaomom;
orD;rsm;tjzpf jyKpyk sKd ;axmifaeyg
ovm;/ rdrw
d Ykd toufwm rsm;udk
owdjyKqef;ppfEdkifzdkY&ef rdcifrsm;
twGuf pdefac:csuf jzpfygonf/

rIonf bk&m;ocif\tvdkawmf
ESin
hf ND y;D tHMh ocs;D rGr;f p&mjzpfonf/
,aeY vltrsm;rqdkxm;ESifh ,Hk
Munfoltrsm;uyif ESpfoufae
aom&mxl;? pnf;pdrf? tmPmESifh
umr*kPf cHpm;cGifhwdkYudk jiif;y,f
NyD; bk&m;ociftvdkawmf&Sdaom
t&mudk arma&Sa&G;cs,fjcif;onf
ormusrf;pm rsm;pGmazmfjyxm;
jcif;r&Sdaom arma&Srdcif\oGef
oifrIaMumifh &vmaomtoD;t
yGifhjzpfygonf/ arma&Stm; ol\
rdcifu aumif;pGm roGeo
f ifcyhJ gu
arma&Sonf xku
d o
hJ rYkd eS u
f efpmG a&G;
cs,fEdkifrnfr[kwf? avmut&m

bk&m;ocif\tvdak wmfrmS rlum;


rdrw
d o
Ykd m;orD;rsm;udk avmuDum
r*kPpf nf;pdrcf pH m;Edik zf Ykd tm;xkwf
jcif;xuf bk&m;ocifudk ,HkMunf
jcif;jzifh touf&iS af omarma&Sukd
arG;xkwfay;aom rdcifuJhodkY jzpf
MuzdkY&ef jzpfygonf/

ol&Jvuf&Sdaom
jrm;uJhodkUjzpf\
]]bG m ;jrif a omom;o
rD ; wd k Y o nf xm0&bk & m;qk c s
ay;oem;awmfrlaomtarG
Op m jzpf M u\/]]
(qm? 127;3)

bGm;jrifaomom;orD;wdkY
onf rdbwdt
Yk wGuf xm0&bk&m;
u qktaeESifh csay;awmfrljcif;
jzpfygonf/ rdbwdt
Yk wGuf om;o
rD;&jcif;onf rawmfwq&jcif;
r[kwfyg/ ,aeY tdrfaxmifusyg
vsuo
f m;orD;r&aomtdraf xmif
rsm;pGm &SMd uygonf/ rdbtjzpfoYkd
ra&muf a omtMuif v if r ,m;
rsm;pGm &SMd uygonf/ tdraf xmifus
NyD; om;orD;&MurSom rdESifhz[l
aom*kPfyk'fudk &&Sdygonf/ xkdY
aMumifh rdbwdkYonf bk&m;ocif
ay;aomqkjzpfonfhom;orD;rsm;
udk wefz;kd xm; aumif;pGmjyKpyk sKd ;
axmifay;Muzdv
Yk ykd gonf/ qkonf
wefb;kd Bu;D ovd?k wefb;kd vnf;xm;
wufMuzdYk vdyk gonf/ NyKd iyf w
JG pfck
BudK;pm;tm;xkwf ,SOfNydKifaom
olonf qku&kd ovdk xkq
d u
k wef
zd;k &So
d nf/ *kP,
f pl &mvnf; jzpfyg
onf/
]]toufysdKpOfbGm; jrif
aomom;orD ; wd k Y o nf ol & J
vuf&Sdaomjrm;uJhodkY jzpfMu
\/]]
(qm? 127;4)
touft&G,fysdKjrpfpOf
tcg tdrfaxmifjyK tMuifvif
r,m;b0a&mufNy;D rS rMumrSD om;
orD;&wem&Muaomtcg xko
d m;
orD;wdu
Yk rdbwdt
Yk wGuf ol&v
J uf
&Sdaomjrm;uJhodkY tm;udk;tm;
xm;jyKp&mjzpfygonf/ toufBu;D
rS tdrfaxmifusNyD; uav;&Mu
onfhtcg xkdom;orD; t&G,f
a&mufz&Ykd ef ESpt
f wefMumapmif&h
awmfawmfEiS t
hf m;ud;k r& om;
orD;wdkU\vkyftm;? ulnDrprIudk
tcsed t
f wefMumrS&Edik af yrnf/ t
oufysdKpOf tdrfaxmifjyKNyD; apm
pD;pGm om;orD;&Muolrsm;rSmrlum;

page 12

rdbwdt
Yk ouft&G,rf Bu;D &ifrh DS ol
wdv
Yk nf; t&G,af &mufvmNy;D rdb
wdkYESifh0dkif;ul tazmfjyKEdkifonf/
xkdYaMumifh tdrfaxmifjyKzdkY&ef &nf
&G,fcsuf&Sdaomolrsm;u touf
t&G,fysdKpOftcsdef jyKMuzdk&ef
tm;ay;vdyk gonf/
]]rd r d j r m ;awmif h u d k ol
wdkYESifhjynfhapaomolonf r*F
vm&Sd\?olwdkYonf&SufaMumuf
jcif;r&Sd/ &efolwdkYudk wHcg;0
qD ; wm;Muvd r f h r nf ] ]
(qm? 127;5)
touf y sd K pOf bG m ;jrif
aom om;orD;wdkYonf ol&Jvuf
&Sad omjrm ;uJo
h jYkd zpfaMumif; azmf
jyxm;&m ol&Jvuf&Sdaomjrm;
onf ol&JtwGuf tm;udk;tm;
xm;jyK&mjzpfonf/ ol&JtwGuf
&efou
l kd tumtuG,jf yK&m trSD

o[J jzpfygonf/ ol&o


J nf &efol
udk umuG,&f mjzpfap? trJvu
kd f
&m jzpfapjrm;xnfhzdkY jrm;awmifh
(jrm ;Al;)udk ,laqmif&ygonf/ ol&J
vuf&Sdaomjrm;awmifh jrm;r
&Syd gu xko
d &l o
J nf &efou
l kd rum
uG,Ef ikd ?f &efou
l kd rqD;wm;Edik yf g/
ol&v
J uf&Sad omjrm ;awmifh jrmS ;
ESifh jynfhaezdkYvdkovdk? toufysdK
aom rdbwdYk vnf; om;orD;rsm;
pGm&Sdygu xkdrdbonf r*Fvm&Sdyg
onf/ rdbwdkYtoufBuD;aomt
cg om;orD;wdu
Yk kd wzefjyefrScD &kd
onf/ om;orD;wdo
Yk nf rdbwd\
Yk
tuG,ftum jrm;vufeufrsm;
jzpfMuygonf/ toufysdKpOfrdb
wdo
Yk nf om;orD;rsm;udk bk&m;o
cif tvdkawmfESifhtnD arG;zGm;
EIwfuywfawmfESifhtnD olwdkYudk
oGefoifyJhjyifvsuf jyKpkysdK;axmif

ay;MuzdkY vdkygonf/ ,aeY acwf


umvu om;orD;rsm;jym;pGm arG;
zGm;jcif;udk qefYusifbuf jyKMu
onf / om;orD ; wpf O D ; vl v m;
ajrmufvmzdkY&ef jyKpkysdK;axmifyHh
ydk;&onfu wm0efMuD;vS jzpf
onf/ odkYaomf bk&m;ocifudk t
rSDjyKaomrdbESpfyg;jzpfygu om;
orD;rnfrQarG;ygap? tvdak wmfEiS hf
tnDaumif;pGm jyKpyk sKd ;axmifoeG f
oifEdkifrnfjzpfonf/ xkdodkYoGef
oifay;Edkifygu tcsdefwefaom
tcg om;orD;rsm;onf ol&v
J uf
&Sdaomjrm;uJhodkYrdbrsm;udk 0rf;
ajrmufapaomol? *kPfwufap
aomol? rsufESmyGifhvef;apaom
om;orD;rsm;jzpfvmNy;D rdbrsm;u
tm;udk;tm;xm;jyKEdkifMuayrnf/
xkdom;orD;rsm;u rdbrsm;a&SUu
&yf tdrfaxmifrdom;pkrsm;udk

,aeY rsufarSmufacwf
tajctaeonf uREyfk w
f iYkd ,f&,
G f
pOf tajctaeuESifhrwl rsm;pGm
jcm;em; ajymif;vJaeonfudk
awG&Y onf/ xdak cwfa&pD;aMumif;
xJ ,HMk unforl sm;vnf; ygaeMu
onfudk awGY&onf/ bk&m;ocif
onf vludk rdrd\yHko@mefawmf
ESit
hf nDzefqif;xm;awmfryl gonf/
bk&m;ocif\yHko@mefawmfESifh
tnD zefqif;jcif;cH&aomvlrsm;
yg0ifonfh rdom;pkrsm;onf urm
BuD; tcsif;csif;arwmjyulnD
aygif;azmfMujcif;tm;jzifh urm
BuD;udk wifhw,fapzdkY bk&m;ocif
tvdak wmf&ydS gonf/ odaYk omf xdo
k Ykd
toufr&SifMubJ vlwdkif; rdrdwdkY

twtusKd ;udo
k m a&SUwef;wif
touf&SifcJhMuojzifh urmBuD;
tedXmHk jrifuiG ;f rsm;udk aeYpOfjrif
awGaY eMu&onf/ ,aeYc&pf,mef
tdrfaxmifrsm;onf bk&m;ocif
tvdkawmfESifhtnD ormusrf;pm
twdkif; touf&SifMuygu uREkfyf
wdkY rdom;pkomru? wdkif;jynft
wGu?f urmBu;D twGuf wdik ;f wm
r&aomaumif;BuD;r*Fvmrsm;pGm
udck pH m;Mu&rnfjzpfayonf/ urmh
ordkif;aMumif;udkjzpfap? orm
usr;f pmordik ;f udjk zpfap Munfyh gu
xdo
k aYkd om rdom;pkrsm;tm;jzifh vl
rsdK;rsm; toufvGwf wdkif;jynf
rsm; csrf;om&NyD; urmBuD;ordkif;
aMumif;yif ajymif;vJoGm;aMumif;

awGYMu&onf/

tvdkawmfr&SdaomjyKrlrIrsm;
,aeY ta&SUawmif tm&S
wpfEdkifiHjzpfonf puFmylEdkifiH
c&pf,mefO;D a&rsm;jym;vmHrk Qru
wpfO;D udk wpfO;D ulnaD xmufxm;
rpwwfaomoabm&Sad eygvsuf
1994ckESpfa&mufonfhtcsdefwGif
tdrfaxmifaygif; (41100)NydKuGJ
oGm;Muonf/ ynm&SBd u;D wpfO;D u
okawoejyK&m tdraf xmifjyKNy;D
aom a,muFsm;rdef;r(75)&mEIef;
onf tdraf xmifjyKjcif;onf olwYkd
b0twGuf rSm;,Gif;aomjyKrlrI
jzpfonf[k qdkMuonfudk awGY&
onf/ tar&duefEdkifiH tdrf

aESmuf,u
S v
f mrnfo
h rl sm;udk [efY
wm;umuG,fay;Muayvdrfhrnf/
xdUk aMumifh rdbrsm;u om;orD;wdYk
onf bk&m;ay;aomqk? ausmuf
aumif;uav;rsm;jzpfaMumif; od
rSwNf y;D tvdak wmfEiS t
hf nD ta&mif
wifay;EdkifMuygu wpfcsdefaom
tcg rdbwdt
Yk wGuf tzd;k rjzwfEikd f
aom &wemuav;rsm;jzpfvmNy;D
rdbwdkY\*kPfudkjrifhwifay;aom
rdbwdkYudk &efjyKzdkY&ef vmaomol
rsm;udkvnf; tdrfwHcg;0yif qD;
wm;Edik o
f nfw
h ikd cf eG t
f m; tpGr;f ESihf
jynfhpHkaomolrsm;jzpfvmMurnf
jzpfaMumif;arwmESit
hf oday; a0
iSvu
kd yf gonf/

emrawmfjrwf
nDtpfudkOD;',feD&,f

axmifEpS cf w
k iG f wpfco
k nf w&m;
Hk; w&m;0ifvma&muf uGm&Sif;
aeMuonf/ (50)&mEIef;jzpfonf
udk awGY&onf/ c&pf,meftdrf
axmifrsm;onf uGu
J mG zd&Yk ef bk&m;
ociftvdak wmfr&S[
d t
k wdtvif;
azmfjyxm;ygvsuf c&pf,mefEikd if H
BuD;rsm; tb,fhaMumifh xdkuJhodkY
jzpfaeMu&ygoenf;/ ,aeY rsuf
arSmufacwfumvudk Munfhygu
vlrsm;onf EIwfuywfawmfESifh
bk&m;ocifudk tav;rxm;Mu
awmhaMumif; awGY&onf/ ,cif
u rdrt
d rd af xmifbufu&kd zdYk bk&m;
ocif qkawmif;Muonf/ aocsm
ap&ef tBudrfBudrf bk&m;ocifudk
ar;Muonf/ NyD;rSvufwGJtwl

page 13

avQmufMuonf/ ,ckru
l m; xdo
k Ykd
r[kwfMuawmhyg/ tckawGY? tck
ajym? tckBuKd uNf y;D r[kww
f mawG
jzpfuek Mf uonf/ arwmudt
k av;
rxm;? tdrfaxmifudk tav;r
xm; bk&m;ocifay;rnfeh *d ;kH [kwf
r[kwf tav;rxm;Muawmhyg/
xdaYk Mumifh tdraf xmifrsm;tpjyKNy;D
rMumrDNyKd uo
JG mG ;Mujcif;jzpfygonf/
tdraf xmifjyKjcif;onf woufwm
vHk;twlwuG aygif;zufMuzdkYom
ru? bk&m;ocif\bke;f awmfxif
&Sm;MuzdYk jzpfonf/ tdraf xmifonf
ESpfOD;aygif;zufMuaomfvnf; ESpf
a,mufr[kwf wpfom;wpfudk,f
wnf;jzpfonfukd rarhoifah y/ t
csKd UaomtrIawmfaqmifrsm; rdrw
d Ykd
rdom;pk? ZeD;onfudk jypfxm;cJhNyD;
rMumrMum c&D;xGufMuonf/ rd
om;pkta&;udk wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD;
vspfvsLIMu&mrS tdrfaxmifuGJrI
rsm; jzpfvmMu&onf/ ,HMk unfol
rsm; tdraf xmifukd ayghayghqq o
abmrxm;oifhMuyg/ tdrfaxmif
onf zcif? rdcifESifh om;orD;rsm;
zdkcaemufozG,f wGJzufvsuf t
a&;BuD;ygonf/ wdkif;jynfwjynf
vnf ; tk y f c sKyf a &;,E , m;?
w&m;pD&ifa&;,E,m;ESifh Oya'
jyKa&; ,E,m; [l zdkcaemuf
qdkif wnfaqmufxm;ygonf/
wpfcck u
k kd tav;ay;tkycf sKyaf om
wdik ;f jynfrsm; usqif;oGm;onfukd
awGYMu&onf/ tar&duefEdkifiH?
t*FvefEdkifiHrsm; orwjzpfap?
EdkifiHom;wpfOD;OD;jzpfap EdkifiHjy
Xmef;xm;aom Oya'udk usL;vGef
ygu tjcm;olrsm;enf;wl ta&;
,l&onfh rQwaomw&m; Oya'
pd;k rd;k a&;&Syd gonf/ xdaYk Mumifh xdEk ikd f
iHBu;D rsm;onf cdik cf ef
Y atmifjrif
wdk;wwfaeMujcif;jzpfonf/ c&pf

,meftdrfaxmifrsm; zcif? rdcif


ESifh om;orD;rsm; wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD;
nDn
D w
G
f w
G f touf&iS Mf uygu
wpfvHk;wpf0wnf; jzpfNyD; cdkifcefY
aomtdrfaxmif? bk&m;ocif\
bkef;xif&Sm;aomtdrfaxmifrsm;
jzpfayrnf/

]]tcsif ; rd e f ; rwd k Y ocif


bk & m;\tk y f p d k ; awmf r l j cif ; ud k
0ef c H o uJ h o d k Y ? ud k , f c if y G e f ; \
tkyfpdk;jcif;udk0efcHMuavmh/ t
aMumif ; rl u m; c&pf a wmf o nf
toif;awmf\tay:rSm acgif;
jzpf a wmf r l o uJ h o d k Y ? a,musF m ;
onf r d r d c if y G e f ; tay:rS m acgif ;
jzpf \ }}
({? 5;22-23)

oufr&SifbJ? ormw&m;twdkif;
touf&iS Mf uzdv
Yk ykd gonf/ ,HMk unf
olZeD;onfrsm;onf avmu\
trSefw&m;twdkif; toufr&Sif
bJ ormw&m;twdik ;f touf&iS f
MuzdkY vdkygonf/ ,HkMunfolZeD;
onfrsm;onf avmu\trSew
f
&m; r&yfwnfbJ ormw&m;
&yfwnfNy;D bk&m;ociftvkad wmf
ESifhtnD touf&Sifoifhygonf/
tkypf ;kd jcif;ukd 0efcjH cif;ESiyhf ufouf
ynm&SifBuD;wpfOD;u tcsuf
q,fcsuaf z:jyxm;ygonf/ yx
rtcsufrSm cifyGef;onf\tvkyf
wGif 0ifa&mufpu
G zf ufjcif;? ol\
tvkyEf iS fh ywfoufonfu
h ,
dk af &;
ukd,fwm aygif;oif;qufqHa&;?
oGm;vma&;? 0efxrf;cefYxm;a&;
wdw
Yk iG f wGe;f tm;ray;bJ jiLpljiif;?

rdef;rwdkY udk,fcifyGef;\
tkyfpdk;jcif;udk 0efcHzdkY bk&m;ocif
rdeaYf wmfryl gonf/ tcsKd Uu xdu
k sr;f
csufonf trsKd;orD;rsm;udk ESdrf
onf[q
k Mkd uonf/ xdo
k rYkd [kwyf g/
trsdK;orD;rsm; tkyfpdk;jcif;udk 0efcH
Munfyh gu bk&m;ocifxrH S aumif;
Bu;D r*Fvmrsm;pGmudk cHpm;Mu&rnf
jzpfonf/,aeY,MkH unforl sm;onf
avmu\trSefw&m;twdkif; t

qlyljcif; rvkyfrdMuzkdY&ef owdjyK


oifhygonf/ 'kwd,tcsuftae
ESihf ZeD;onfwo
Ydk nf uk,
d u
f adk omf
vnf;aumif;? rdrdtdrfukd aomf
vnf;aumif; vSyoef&Y iS ;f apcif
yGef;onf pdwf0ifpm;NyD; aecsifp
zG,fjzpfatmif tpGrf;ukefBudK;pm;
tm;xkwfMuzdkY vkdygonf/ ,aeY
jrefrmjynf trsKd;orD;rsm;onf
tdrfaxmifusNyD;aemuf rdrdukd,f

tkyfpdk;jcif;udk 0efcHMuzdkY

rdr*d krpku
d ?f rxde;f odr;f bJ aecsif
ovkd aeMuonf/ ,aeY ,HkMunf
ol ZeD;onfrsm;onf bk&m;ocif
\oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf udef;
0yfonfh AdrmefjzpfaomcEmukd,f
ukd tqDykdrsm;jzifh0 a&m*ga0'
emrsKd;pHk0ifa&muf&ef zdwfac:o
uJo
h Ykd toufr&Sio
f ifb
h J tpm;ukd
qifjcif? avhusicf ef;vkyjf cif;tm;
jzifh rdrdukd,fwkdifukd *kpdkufMuo
vkd aetdrfoefY&Sif;oyf&yf ae
csipf zG,jf zpfatmif jyifqifoifMh u
ayonf/ wwd,tcsufrSm pm;
aomufzG,f trsKd;rsKd;ukd rkd;&
atmif ZeD;onfu,
dk w
f idk pf rD
H cif
yGef;tm; csufjyKwfauR;arG;zkdY vkd
ygonf/ xdo
k rYdk pDraH y;Ekid yf gu rdrd
wkcYd ifyeG ;f onfrsm;onf vu&f nf
qkdifrsm;? pm;aomufqkdifrsm;okdY
a&muf&o
dS mG ;Murnfjzpfonf/ pwk
wtcsut
f aeESichf ifyeG ;f onf u
rdrdtvkyfESifhywfouf tMuHt
OmPfjzpfap? tultnDjzpfap&
,lzkdY&ef awmif;cHvmygu ulnD
EdkifzdkY&efol\tvkyftaMumif;ukd
avhvmxm;Muzdv
Yk ydk gonf/ tcsKUd
aomZeD;onfrsm;u xkt
d rIudk t
av;rxm;? tvkyf yI o
f nf[k xif
Muonf/ cifyeG ;f jyKaeaomtrIudk
ZeD;onfu odxm;oifhygonf/
yOrtcsuftaeESifh vkyfief;jzpf
ap? pD;yGm;a&;jzpfap tqifrajy
aomtcg cifyGef;tm;tjypfwif
qlyljcif;r&SdbJ at;twlyltrQ cH
,lEkdifaom oabmxm;&SdMuzdkY vkd
ygonf/ tcsKdUZeD;onfrsm;u cif
yGef;vkyfief;tqifajycsdef jyHK;
cHpm;Muaomfvnf; pD;yGm;a&;t
qifrajyjzpfaomtcg qlyl t
jypfwifwwfMuonf/xkdokdYrjyK
oifMh uyg/ qXrtcsurf mS aqGrsK;d
nDtpfuadk rmifErS rsm;ESihf oifw
h ifh

page 14

atmifaygif;oif;qufqHwwfMu
zdv
Yk ydk gonf/ tcsKUd xdt
k csuu
f dk t
av;*krjyK? vspfvsLI touf
&SiMf uonf/ cifyeG ;f \rdcif? zcif?
aqGrsKd;rsm;ESifh tqifrajy? roifh
rwifjh zpfwwfMuonf/ xko
d rYdk jzpf
oifhMuyg/ owrtcsuftaeESifh
vifESifhr,m;oabmxm;uGJvGJrI
rsm;&Syd gu vifr,m;oifjh rwfru
I dk
a&S;I tavQmhay;oifhMuay
onf/ vlZY mwdoabmu tavsmh
ay;zdx
Yk uf tEdik ,
f cl siMf uonf/ t
oufBuD;aomcifyGef;udk touf
i,faomZeD;u EGJYqdk;qdk; Edkifjy
csio
f vdk toufi,faom cifyeG ;f
udkvnf; toufBuD;aomZeD;u
EdkifjycsifMuonf/ xdkoabmxm;
onf &ifhusufaomoabmxm;
r[kwfyg/ ZeD;onfrsm; xdkodkYt
ouf&SifMuzdkY&ef bk&m;ociftvdk
awmf r&Sdyg/ e0rtcsuftaeESifh
tm;vyfcsdefrsm;wGif cifyGef;onf
ESit
hf csed yf &kd onft
h cg cifyeG ;f onf
0goemygaomtm;upm;udk oif
,ltm;ay;ygovm;/ cifyeG ;f onf
tm;upm; 0goemygonfhtcg
ud,
k w
f ikd u
f 0goemrygaomfvnf;
twlvu
kd yf g tcsed ,
f t
l m;ay;oifh
ygonf/ xdt
k csuo
f nfvnf; tdrf
axmifonfb0 om,maysm&f iT zf Ykd
twGuf rsm;pGmtaxmuftuljzpf
apygonf/ 'rtcsut
f aeESihf
cifyGef;onftm; taxmuftul
jzpfapzdkY aeYpOf owif;xl;rsm;?
pmtkyt
f opfrsm;?tMut
H pnfopf
rsm;udk ud,
k w
f ikd f pkpnf;ay;wwfzYkd
vdyk gonf/

cifyGef;onfrsm;
jyKoifhonfrSm
txufazmfjyyg tcsuf
rsm;udk owdjyKqifjcif tav;

*kjyKrkH Qru ZeD;onfwo


Ykd nf rdrd
wdt
Yk vkyo
f nf cifyeG ;f onf\aysmf
&Tirf ?I atmifjrifr?I tusKd ;pD;yGm;jzpf
xGe;f rI ponfwEYkd iS hf xdww
f u
kd &f if
qkid v
f mygu xdt
k vky?f xdt
k awG;
tac:rsm;wdu
Yk v
kd nf; pGev
Yf w
G Ef ikd f
wwfzdkY vdkygonf/ ZeD;onfwdkY
onf cifyGef;onfwdkY\tkyfpdk;rIudk
t&m&m0efcw
H wfMuygu xdt
k rd f
axmifonf tvGeaf ysm&f iT
f om
,maomtdrfaxmif? atmifjrif
aomtdraf xmifjzpfayrnf/ orm
usrf;pm ZeD;onfwdkY\u@udk
oGeo
f ifouJo
h Ykd cifyeG ;f onfwt
Ykd
wGufvnf; emcHvkyfaqmifzdkY&ef
azmfjyxm;ygonf/

rdrdwdkYwwfEdkifonfhtrIrsm; 0dkif;
0ef;yHyh ;kd Edik Mf uygonf/ cifyeG ;f onf
wdkYonf ZeD;onfwdkYtm; tdrf
axmifrjyKrDu cspfouJhodkY tdrf
axmifonfb0a&mufonft
h csed f
vnf; xdeYk nf;wl cspo
f ifyh gonf/
cifyeG ;f onfwo
Ykd nf ZeD;onftm;
tjcm;olrsm;a&SUwGif jypfwifqlyl
Budrf;armif;jcif; rjyKrd&ef txl;
owdjyKMuzdv
Yk nf; vdyk gonf/ ZeD;
onftm; tdrfoHk;p&dwftjyif t
jcm;ydo
k ;kH aiGyrkd sm; ay;oifyh gonf/
cifyGef;onfwdkYonf tdrfZeD;
onfwdkY\tvdkqEudk aumif;pGm
od&SdzdkY&ef BudK;pm;tm;xkwfoifhyg
onf/ ZeD;onf\yifyef;EGrf;e,f

]]tcsif ; a,musf m ;wd k Y


c&pf a wmf o nf toif ; awmf
udk cspfawmfrlouJhodkY oifwdkY
vnf ; ud k , f c if y G e f ; ud k cspf M u
avmh / }}
({? 5;25)
c&pfawmfonf toif;
awmfudk toufpGefYonfhwdkif cspf
ygonf/ xdkYenf;wl cifyGef;wdkYu
vnf; rdrdwdkYZeD;onfudk cspfwwf
MuzdkY bk&m;ocif tvdkawmf&Sdyg
onf/ cifyGef;onfwdkYonf tdrf
ZeD;onfwdkY\tief;wmrsm;xJrS

jcif;? rtDromjzpfjcif;wdkYudk odNyD;


MuifempGmulnaD rwmjyoifyh gonf/
cifyeG ;f onfwo
Ykd nf ZeD;onfwEYkd iS hf
twl tm;vyfcsdefudk aysmf&TifpGm
twltoHk;jyKzdkY tm;xkwfoifhyg
onf/ tcsdKUaomcifyGef;wdkYu rdrd
wdkY rtm;vyf[kqdkum ZeD;onf
tm; tcsed rf ay;Muyg/ tdraf xmif
NydKysufygu ywf0ef;usif bk&m;
ocif\bkef;awmfudk rxif&Sm;
Edik yf g/ ZeD;onf\tdraf xmifxed ;f
odrf;rIESifh rD;zdkacsmifudprsm;wGif
rdcif? nDtpfudk? ZeD;rsm;ESifh EIdif;

,SONf y;D nHo


h nf[rk ajymbJ aumif;
onft
h csurf sm;udk pOf;pm; azmf
xkwfjyMuzdkY cifyGef;wdkY tm;xkwf
oifhygonf/ cifyGef;wdkYonf ZeD;
onfwdkY\ taygif;tazmfaygif;
oif;rI? &yf&Gm\udpaqmif&GufrI
ESifh zwfIaeaompmtkyfrsm; t
ay: pdwfyg0ifpm;rI&SdNyD; tav;
*kjyKrI&Sdoifhygonf/ tcsdKUaom
cifyGef;onfwdkYu tvkyfyifyef;
onf[t
k aMumif;jyum ZeD;onf
wdkY\vlrIa&; aqmif&GufrIajymjy
onfrsm;udk tav;rxm;? em;r
axmifMu/ ZeD;ajymonfudk em;
axmifNy;D tMuaH wmif;ygu tMuH
ay;yg/ ZeD;onfxm;aomtjcm;
aom a,musfm;av;rdwfaqGrsm;
ESifh pum;ajymjcif;? rdwfaqGwm
0eft& *kpdkufjcif;wdkYtay:wGif
o0efraMumifbJ oabmxm;Bu;D
Ny;D cGiv
hf w
G w
f wfzYkd vdyk gonf/ cif
yGef;onf rdrdwdkYZeD;onftay:
oHo,pdwfrxm;bJ ,HkMunfpdwf
csr&I o
dS ifMh uygonf/ wzef cifyeG ;f
wdkYonf tcGifhta&;ay:wdkif; rdrd
wdkY ZeD;onftay: csD;usL;jcif;?
csD;ajrmufjcif;jyKzdkY tav;*kjyK
oifhygonf/ cifyGef;onfwdkYonf
rdrdwdkYwpfudk,fa& 0wfrI? pm;rIwdkY
twGuf wm0ef,lvkyfay;aom
ZeD;onfwdkYtay: aus;Zl;wif
aMumif; ajymoifMh uygonf/ q&m
Bu;D wpfyg;u c&pf,meftrd af xmif
rsm; tjrJoHk;oifhaom a0g[m&
pum;av;cGef;taMumif; a0iSyg
onf/ xdpk um;rSm yxrtcsuu
f
rdrt
d rSm;twGuf rSm;aMumif; 0efcH
EdkifMuzdkY jzpfonf/ NyD;aemuf xdk
trSm;twGuf cGiv
hf w
G yf g[k qdo
k ifh
Muonf/ aemufwpfcsufrSm cif
yGe;f onfrsm;u rdrw
d Ykd ZeD;onfrsm;
tm; oifhudk uREkfyfcspfonf[k t

page 15

jraJ jymoifMh uygonf/ cifyeG ;f onf


rsm;u xdkokdYajym&rnfudk uav;
uvm;qefonf[k ,lqum r
ajymwwfMuyg/ zcifrsm;onf rdrd
wdkYuav;rsm;udk cspfaMumif; t
aumif;qHk;enf;vrf;jzifh jyMuzdkY
vnf; vdktyfygonf/ zcifrsm;
onf om;orD;rsm;udk cspaf Mumif;
taumif;qH;k enf;rSm rdrZd eD;onf
udk arwmjyMujcif;yif jzpfonf/
cifyeG ;f wdo
Yk nf rdrw
d ZYkd eD;onftm;
c&pfawmfonf toif;awmfudk
toufpGefYonhfwdkif cspfouJhodkY
cspfMuzdkY vdkygonf/ tdrfaxmif
cifyGef;ESifh ZeD;tcef;u@onf
ta&;Bu;D ovdk om;orD;rsm;vnf;
yg0ifzdkY vdkygonf/ ({? 6;1)wGif

om;orD;wdkYonf ocifbk&m;\
tvkdawmfESifhtnD rdbpum;em;
axmifzYkd rdbudk dak opGmjyKzYkd oGef
oifxm;ygonf/ xdo
k jYkd yKaomom;
orD;wdo
Yk nfjynfawmfaumif;pm;
toufwm&SnfrnfhtaMumif;
uwdawmf&Sdonf[k azmfjyxm;yg
onf/ c&pf,mefom;orD;wdo
Yk nf
rdbwd\
kY pum;udk em;axmifzv
Ykd ykd g
onf/ rdbwdkYu rnfodkYaomtm;
enf;csuf&Sdygap?rnfolwdkYu rnf
odYk ajymqdyk gap? rdbpum;udk em;
axmifzdkY bk&m;ocif tvdkawmf
&Syd gonf/ ,aeYacwfom;orD;wdYk
onf rdbudk dkaoav;pm;&rnfh
tpm;rav;rpm; ajymqdkvmMu
onfudk awGY&onf/ om;orD;wdkY

xdo
k rYkd jyKMuygESi/hf xdo
k aYkd jymqdjk yKrl
Muaomom;orD;wdkYonfaumif;
pm;aomfvnf; toufwm r&Snf
yg/ touf&n
S v
f Qiv
f nf; aumif;
pm;jcif;odkY ra&muf&yg/ rdbudk
dkaopGm jyKMuaomom;orD;wdkY
onf avmu touf&SnfHkrQr
u aumif;pm;aomtoufwmodYk
a&mufrnfjzpfonf/
]]xm0&bk&m;udkaMumuf
&G H ynwf a wmf w d k Y tvG e f
arGYavsmfaomolwdkYonfr*Fvm
&Sd\/ xdkol\om;orD;wdkYonf
ajrBuD;ay:rSm tm;BuD;Muvdrfh
rnf / ajzmif h r wf a omol w d k Y \
trsdK;tEG,fonfr*Fvm&Sdwwf
\/ xdkol\tdrf pnf;pdrfOpm

<u,f0ol\aumif;usdK;onf
tpOf t jrJ w nf w wf \ /}}
(qm? 112;1-3)
,HMk unfol cifyeG ;f ? ZeD;ESihf
om;orD;wdo
Yk nf avmutouf
wm bk&m;ocif\tvdak wmfEiS hf
tnD EIwfuywfawmfudk emcH
vsuf touf&SifBujcif;tm;jzifh
td r f a xmif r sm; nD G w f v suf
aumif;BuD;cHpm;&NyD; bk&m;ocif
\bkef;awmfxif&Sm;zdkY tav;*k
vsuf touf&SifMuzdkY&ef arwm
ESifh today;a0iSvkduf&ygonf/

emrawmfjrwf
q&mOD;atmifoufGefY

oufaocHcsuf
a&S;OD;pGm bk&m;ocif\*kPaf wmfukd cs;D rGr;f ygw,f/ (4.7.2011)aeYwiG f uReaf wmf&h UJ ydu
k q
f H
tdwf usaysmufomG ;ygw,f/ tJ't
hD xJrmS ydu
k q
f ?H um;vkid pf ifEiS hf tjcm;t&mav;awGvnf; ygoGm;
ygw,f/ um;armif;ae&wJt
h wGuf vdik pf ifu r&Srd jzpf ta&;Bu;D ygw,f/ 'ghaMumifh vdik pf ifjyef&atmif
t&if qH;k bk&m;ocifqrD mS yJ qkawmif;cJyh gw,f/ tdro
f m;awGuawmh vkid pf ifaysmufwhJ taMumif;
ajymjyNy;D jyefavQmufcikd ;f ygw,f/ uReaf wmfu bk&m;ocifqrD mS ESpyf wftwGi;f vdik pf ifjyef&zdYk qk
awmif;ygw,f/ qkawmif;xm;wJhtwdkif; tjcm;t&mawGjyefr&ayr,fh vdkifpifudkawmh tdrfa&SUrSm

rmwdum

Page

jyefa&mufaewmudk awGY&ygw,f/ 'ghaMumifh bk&m;ocifonf touf&Sifawmfrlaombk&m;? qk


awmif;oHudk em;anmif;NyD; tajzay;oem;awmfrlaombk&m;jzpfaMumif; csD;rGrf;&if; oufao
cHvu
kd yf gw,f/

Joy

a&S;OD;pGm oufaocHciG ahf y;aom bk&m;ocif\bke;f awmf om xif&mS ;ygap/ vGecf w


hJ hJ (1)v

r
r
r

r
r

Beauty Salon
008,Bayintnaung Tower
Kamayut Township
Yangon, Myanmar

E-mail : aye.ngenge@gmail.com

(95-1) 538437
(95-9) 5018586
SUN CLOSED

bk&m;ocifudk aMumuf&GHjcif;
ynm&zdkY
7

ol&Jvuf&Sdaomjrm;uJhodkY
nDtpfudkOD;',feD&,f

Dr. pdkif;aumif;om

Aye Aye Than @ Ma Nge

nDtpfudkOD;wifarmifdk

uReaf wmf&h UJ qkawmif;oHukd em;anmif;Ny;D tajzay;wJh bk&m;ocif&UJ aus;Zl;awmfukd cs;D rGr;f &if; ouf

MARK 11:22

tjypfrsm;vsufyif vGwfap
nDtpfudkOD;uyfcefYckyf

&JUaus;Zl;awmfaMumifh qkawmif;xm;wJt
h wdik ;f tck uReaf wmf xdik ;f Edik if rH mS tvky&f &SNd yjD zpfygw,f/
aocHvu
kd yf gw,f/

nDtpfudkBuD;DrwifarmifxGef;

ausmu
f xdik ;f Edik if rH mS tvky&f zdYk uReaf wmf(8)rdik f nDtpfurkd sm;toif;awmf bk&m;ausmif;a&SUrSm xGuf
Ny;D qkawmif;cHcyhJ gw,f/ uReaf wmfu,
kd w
f ikd v
f nf; bk&m;ocifqrD mS qkawmif;cJyh gw,f/ bk&m;ocif

ynm\tcsKyftjcm

10

bk&m;ocif\ bke;f awmfxif&mS ;


13
zdkY
q&mOD;atmifoufGefU

oufaocHcsuf

6,16

page 16

You might also like