02/10 THE ORIGINS OF MODERNISM

RECAPS
Who we are & our venue Times & Protocols Sign in and lateness Packs, Handouts, Tutorials Annotating your Handouts Get a Box and a File Unit 3 Schedule, 5 Maxims, CT Rules & Modernism types Three websites for you

STYLE Impressionism
Abst. Expressionism

ARTIST 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Salvador Dali

Leonardo da Vinci

Cubism Brit Art Renaissance Classical Trad Surrealism

Lord Leighton

Jackson Pollock

Damien Hirst

Pablo Picasso

Claude Monet

1500 IDEALISM The Classical Tradition

1800 REALISM Impressionism

1900

2000

MODERN ART Many styles

CHANGING WORLD - CHANGING ART

CHANGES
SCIENCE RULES INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION NEW WORKING PATTERNS URBAN GROWTH MIDDLE CLASS POWER SOCIAL MOBILITY

EFFECTS
It explains the world (religion used to), making world-changing inventions New materials and mass production change every aspect of peoples lives People become slaves of the machine, working all hours in mills and factories Communities migrate to cities that grow without housing, sanitation, etc

THE EFFECTS ON THE ART WORLD

USE THE SAME METHODS EXAMINE OUR WORLD OLD WAYS ARE DEAD - FIND NEW METHODS A NEW REALITY - ART MUST REFLECT THIS LIFE A NEW LIFE - SHOW THIS NEW, UGLY WORLD IN ART

Factory owners and managers take power NEW BUYERS, NEW TASTE from the upper class aristocracy WANT NEW SUBJECTS The railway revolution allows travel, new horizons and new experiences SEE THE WORLD - A NEW VARIETY OF SUBJECTS

Images of Change
1

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CHAIN REACTION 1-7

1. Propaganda

2. The Art Market

3. Young Art Rebels

This is one choice: 1820s: a young generation of artists emerge who are determined to make art more modern Free from commissions, patrons and art rules, they do their own thing (and try to sell it in the art market) Gericault (& Delacroix) set this pattern by using topics that shock the Salon and the public, and by adopting the romantic rebel pose

4. Genre: a Popular Modern Art

5. The Avant-Garde

6. Realism
1850s: this new modern art (and writing) is christened Realism; be of your time It has endless groupings, all trying different ways to capture our new modern life Despite the publics disdain, Realism is influential: it is the first of our modern crossover styles from theatre to novels and to philosophy Also called Positivism and Materialism, Realism affects all areas of design and art too.

Realism: Nature analysed to inspire Design (Crossover)

7. Impressionism
1860s: one group of realists were determined to take these experiments even further They used the discoveries of optical science to show how our eyes really see the world This involved evolving a new style (not new subjects) Its look was so different that it seemed insulting in 1874: a mere impression said critics.

THE DIFFERENCE OF IMPRESSIONISM

Thus Impressionism is the most extreme version of Realism Harmless looking today, this version of Realism was the one that had the most effect on later styles (and Modern Art) From the 1860s to the1880s, Impressionism became more and more experimental in its methods - and so it is the style that makes it so important

Extreme ?
However the public couldnt take seriously these small and unfinished pictures Worse, their subjects seemed ugly and hard to make out These mere sketches must be a joke of some kind.. But look how these little pictures seem to break all the rules of the Classical Tradition

Experimental Methods?

Many Impressionists were more interested in their method than their subjects They followed science and recorded, on the spot, unmodified sense impressions They made quick, unimproved and un-beautified records of what they saw This produced a flat pattern of dabs or pixels that mixed in your eye (optical mix) Like snapshots, their compositions seem unplanned and odd (see next) But this looked fresh and honest - and achieved a greater realism and honesty

Keywords for Impressionism

Influential
Its the new look of Impressionism, the flat mosaic of bright colours and loose un-disguised brushstrokes, that dazzled and then inspired the next generations of artists But these artists, from 1880 to 1910, used the elements of Impressionism for many different (post-impressionist) effects and styles These are what we now see as the start of modern art.

Some Post-Impressionist Styles

Identify the elements taken further from Impressionism
STYLE Pointillism 1880s Post-Impressionism 1880s Fauvism 1890s Expressionism 1900s Cubism 1910 ARTIST 1 Seurat 2 Van Gogh 3 Matisse 4 Heckel 5 Picasso STYLE ELEMENT DEVELOPED Brushstrokes into dots, applying scientific theories Big brushstrokes, bright colour taken further for emotional impact Unreal colour exaggerated to suggest emotional states The unfinished effects exploited to make personal and honest The examination of how we see taken onto a conceptual approach

Five post-impressionist examples

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Crossover Images 1900

Architecture, posters, products, typography illustration, craftwork, photography and film - this urge to experiment with style crossed over into all areas of design: luckily you do not have to research this topic for your VRF assignment

FINALLY
Where to see? Try Valette in the City Art Gallery (along with genre) Next: Cubism, your first assignment style (VRF) Register - have you signed in ? Due in soon - Summary Writing - 6 paragraphs