6.1RbBnExSdI niymnyExSdI ExSdIKWCabgMExSeGT,icRtUtmY y rWeRcInedaydak;Epk rWkbBaredaykb;kgdI edIm,IrMsaycrn enAeBlmanKYesoKVI rWqk;mnusS stVenAkEngNamYy edayyfaehtu .

. eyagtamniymny rbs;ExSdI EdlmanmuxgarsMrab;cab;P ab;brikarGKisnIeTAnwgr)aExSdItam ryeGT,icRtUtdIEdlsit enAkgrbbFmtaminsitenAeRkamtg; sg nigsMrab;karBardl;GkRbtibtieBlmanc rnb:HnWgtY brikar . dUecH kardak;ExSdImansarsMxan;Nas;sMrab; karkarBarmnusSeGayputBIeRKaHfak; eday crnGKisnIEdlkMBugbMeBjkargar . kalNaersIusg;ExSdIkan;EttUc ehIyersIusg;xnmnusSkan;EtFM enaHkareRKaHfak;RtUv)ankat;bny rW KaneRKaHfak;Etmg . ral;]bkrN_GKisnITaMgGs;EdleRbI tg;sgcab;BI 100V caM)ac;RtUvP ab;ExSdI eTAelIEpkEdlKan crnqgkat; .

RbePTRbBnExSdI RbBnExSdIman 3RbePTtamsg;da IEC KW - RbBn TT - RbBn IT - RbBn TN 6>1>1 RbBnExSdI TT tYGkSrTI1 T mannyfaExSNWtrbs;RbPBcab;eTAdI tYGkSrTI2 T mannyfa sMbkrbs; brikarGKisnIcab;Pab;eTAdI
L1 L2 L3 N PE

tYrWsMbkbrikar rUbTI 6>1 RbBnExSdI

TT

kareRbIR)as; tMrUvenAkgkartMeT,Ig Edlpt;pg;eTAnwgbNajsaFarN tg;sgTab GtRbeyaCn_ nig KuNvibti

karpac;CadMbUgBIkMhusnGIu sUT,g; PaBcaM)ac;RtUvtMeT,IgDIhS gTrDIeprg;EslsVyRbvtiF ana nigkarkarBar 6>1>2 RbBnExSdI IT tYGkSrTI1 I( Isoleted or Impedence) mannyfaExSNWtrbs;RbPBdac;edayEL k BIExSdI rWkman Impedence rvagcenaHExSNWt nig ExSdI tYGkSTI2 T mannyfa sMbkrbs;brikar GKisnIcab;Pab;eTAdI .
L1 L2 L3 N PE

tYrWsMbkbrikar rUbTI 6>2 RbBnExSdI

L1 L2 L3 N PE

IT

man

(Z)

tY rWsMbkbrikar rUbTI 6>3 RbBnExSdI IT Kan (Z)

kareRbIR)as; kartMeT,IgEdlpt;pg;edaykabnkCn nig eFVIGaCIvkmedayesvaEfTaM . kabnGtifiCn kartMeLIg]sSahkm RbPBsVyRbvti mnIreBT . GtRbeyaCn_ nig KuNvibti - kartMeLIgkMrittg;sg - karRtYtBinitGIusULg; - karkMNt;TMhMnkartMeLIg 6>1>3 RbBnExSdI TN tYGkSrTI1 T mannyfaExSNWtrbs;RbPBcab;P ab;eTAdI tYGkSrTI2 NmannyfasMbk rbs;brikarGKisnIcab;Pab;eTANWt . EdlenAkgRbBnExSdI TN ) anEckCaBIKW TNC nig TNS 6>1>3>k RbBnExSdI TNC TNC mannyfa ExSNWt nigExSdIcab;bBalKaEdleKeGayeQ aHfaExS PEN
L1 L2 L3 PEN

tYrWsMbkbrik ar rUbTI 6>4 RbBnExSdI

TNC

ExSNWt nig ExSdIRtUv)aneRbIcUlKa (10mm CaGb,brma) . crnkMhusqgm:as RtUvbiTeTAvijedayExSNWt ehIynwgkayeTACacrnKYesoKVIpas / NWt . kareRbIR)as; kartMeLIgEdlpt;pg;edaycrnkCn karbnGtifiCn kartMeLIgEbb ]sSahkm. GtRbeyaCn_ nig KuNvibti karpac;elIktMbUgBIkMhusGIusU Lg; kareRbIR)as;eRKOg]bkrN_Edlma nGMagtg;sIuetelIs - karsnSMsMcbegal nig ExScMlgkarBarkgesoKVIxagcug . 6>1>3>x RbBnExSdI TNS

mannyfa nigExSdIepSgKa
TNS
L1 L2 L3 N PE

ExSNWt

tYrWsMbkbri kar rUbTI 6>5 RbBnExSdI TNS ExSNWt nig ExSdIRtUvEjkeGaydac;BIKa vacMa)ac;RtUveRbIR)as;m:asIunbIpas crnkMhusqgmkm:as RtUvbiTvijedayExSePIgNWt ehIynwgkayeTACacrnKYesoKVIpas/N Wt. kareRbIR)as; kartMeLIgEdlpt;pg;edaykarb nePIgkartMeLIgEbb]sSahkm. GtRbeyaCn_ nig KuNvibti karpac;elIktMbUgBIkMhusGIusULg;

kareRbIR)as;eRKOg]bkrN_Edlma nGMagtg;sIuetelIs - karsnSMsMcbegal nig ExScMlgkarBarkgesoKVIxagcu g.

6>2 kartMeLIgExSdI niymny ExSdIKWCabgMeGLicRtUtmYyrWeR cIndak; epknigbBarkb;eTAkgdIedIm,ICYyr MelaH crnenAeBlmancrnKYesoKVI rWqk;mnusSstVenAkEngNamYyedayyf aehtu. eyagtamniymnyrbs;ExSdI EdlmanmuxgarsMrab;cab;Pa b;brikarGKisnIeTAnigr)aExSdItam ryeGLicRtUtdIEdlkgrbbFmta minsitenAeRkamtg;sgnigsMrab;kar BareRKaHfak;dl;Gk Rbtibti eBlmancrnb:HeTAtYbrikar. dUecHkardak;ExSdImansarsMxan;Na s;sMrab;karBarmnusS

eGayputBIeRKaHfak;edaycrnGKisnI EdlkMBugbMeBjkargar. ExSdImanBIrRbePTKW 1> ExSdIFmta mandUcCaRbBnlUTwkelahEdl kb;kgdI RKwHGKar 2> ExSdIsib,nimit mandUcCaeGLicRtUtCa ssExSEdkmUl rWbnHEdlkb;eTAkgdIenA kgkartMeLIgExSdIRtUv)aneKeFVIeLIg edIm,IkarBareRKaHfak;eTAdl;brikarG KisnI nig GayuCivitrbs; GkEdleFVIkarCamYyma:sIun nigbrikarGKisnIepSg. ersIusg;rbs;ExSdI - 0.5 sMrab;sanIy_GKisnIFM - 1 sMrab;sanIy_GKisnIEdlsMxan ; - 2 sMrab;sanIy_tUc - 8 sMrab;RKb;krNIepSgeTot ktaEdlCH\TiBleTAelIersIusg; dI

manktamYycMnYnEdleFVIeGayb:H Bal;eTAelIersIusg;rbs;eGLicRtUtdI EdlktaTaMgenaHman - lkxNrbs;RbePTdI - sItuNPaBrbs;dI - sMeNImrbs;dI - TMhM nigcMgayrbs;eGLicRtUtdI - CMerAEdlkb;eGLicRtUt (epk rWbBar) - sMParrbs;ExScMlg

6.3KNnaersIusg;ExSdI enAGKarGenvasikdanRtUv)antM eT,IgExSdI EdlkgenaHkarbukeGT,icRtUtEdlm anRbEvg

LV = 5m , d = 0.016m

nigersIusg;ExSdIEdlmanRsab; rWersIusg;BIFmCati R= 15 nig CMerArbs;reNA h = 0.8m RBmTaMgcenaHeGT,icRtUt 1 eTAeGT,icRtUt 1eTotmancMgay d = 3m nig bnar eGT,icRtUt b = 0.04m . tarag 6>1 ersIusIvIetrbs;dI
c 0

RbePTdI

ersIusIvIetrbs;dI
m

dIexA ( 10 eTA 50 mankMTickMTIruk Cati nigstV ) dI\d 8 eTA 70 dI\dmanRKYs 40 eTA 150 dIexAlayxSac; 150 eTA 400 dIxSac;suT 400 eTA 1000 - KNnaersIusg;ExSdIsib,nimit R R tamrUbmn R = R R Edl R ersIusg;dIsib,nimit R ersIusg;dImanRsab; R ersIusg;dItambTdankMnt; sMKal; ebI R < 4 eKmincaM)ac;bEnmeGT,icRtUteT ebI R > 4 caM)ac;RtUvbEnmeGT,icRtUt 15 4 naMeGay R = 15 4 = 5.45 - KNnacMnYneGT,icRtUt ( n )
u c Earth c Earth

Earth

n=

RV Ru

Rv (m) Ru 76.6m
n=

ersIusg;ExSdIneGLicRtUt
P =

ersIusg;dItamsg;da (m) edaydwgfaGKarmanbrimaRt

22 .098 = 5.52 4

dUcenHeyIgkMnt;ykcMnYneGT,ic RtUt 6 edIm KNnaersIusg;ExSdIrbs;eGLicRtUtbBar

RV = v 2 LV 2 LV 4h + LV ln( ) + 0.5 ln( ) 4h LV d

h = 0.5LV+h0 = 0.5 5+0.8 = 3.3m

rUbTI 6.6 eGLicRtUtbBar - KNnaersIusIvIetrbs;eGT,icRtUt

p = Kc g

enAkgkrNIdIenAGKarCaRbePTdI\d dUecHeyIgkMnt;yk = 70 - K rbs;eGT,icRtUtbBar = 1.45

p c

H = 70 1.45 = 101.5 m

- Kc

sMrab;eGT,icRtUtepk =
H = 70 2 = 140 m

sMKal; cMeBaHeGLicRtUtbBarmanRbEvgBI 3 eTA 5m Edl K mantMlBI 1.15 eTA 1.45 cMeBaHeGLicRtUtepkmanRbEvgBI 10 eTA 15m Edl K mantMlBI 2 eTA 3.5 - edayTItaMgsagsg;CaRbePTdI\d CaTUeTAersIusIvIetrbs;dIEtgERbRb YleTAtamtMbn; rWTIkEngepSgeTAtamRbePTdInImYy Edlman tMldUcxagelI Edl R ersIusg;ExSdIneGT,icRtUtbBar v ersIusIvIeteGT,icRtUtbBar
c c

m
LV d h

RbEvgeGT,icRtUtbBar m Ggt;piteGT,icRtUtbBar

m m

RbEvgBIpdIdl;Bak;kNaleGT,icRtUt
RV = 101 .5 2 5 4 3.3 + 5 ln( 0.016 ) + 0.5 ln( 4 3.3 5 ) = 22 .098 2 5

KNnaersIusg;ExSdIneGT,icRtUtepk

rUbTI 6>7 eGT,icRtUtepk

v 2 L2H RH = ln 2 LH b h0

Edl R ersIusg;eGT,icRtUtepk v ersiusIvIeteGT,icRtUtepk

H

RbEvgbeNayeGT,icRtUtepk
LH b

bnarnmuxkat;eGLicRtUtepk edaycenaHBIeGT,icRtUt 1eTAeGT,icRtUt 1eTotKW 3m

LH = 3 76 .6 = 229 .8 m b = 0.04 m
RH = 140 2 ( 229 .8) 2 ln = 6.33 2 229 .8 0.04 0.8

- KNnaersIusg;dIsrub
Rtotal =
H

Rv RH ( RvH + RHv n)

Edl R ersIusg;ExSdIneGT,icRtUtepk

 ersIusg;ExSdIneGT,icRtUtbBar R ersIusg;dIsrub emKuNeRbIR)as;eGT,icRtUtepk emKuNeRbIR)as;eGT,icRtUtbBar

Rv
total
H
v

H = 0.4 = 0.24 V

dUcenHeyIg)an
Rtotal =

22 .098 6.33 = 2.89 ( 22 .098 0.4) + (6.33 0.24 26 )

total

dUecHtMlersIusg; R CatMlGacykeRbIkar)an .
total u

= 2.89

bnab;BIeFVIkarKNnarYcehIyeyIgeXIjfa R < R epgpat;tamlkxN . dUcenHtam lTplKNnaxagelIeyIgTTYl)ankartMeT,IgE xSdIdak;CakugtYedaymincaM)ac;bEn meGLicRtUteT .

rUbTI 6>8 rebobtMeLIgeGLicRtUtExSdI

S e div gCp te l r in a Er in C n u to C m ath g o d c r la p

E arth R

ot

C u le op r

S eT te l ip

rUbTI 6>9 edImeGLicRtUtbBar 6>4 RbBnkarBarrnH eyIgcat;TukrnHCa paePIgGKisnIdFMsMebImEdleFVId MeNIrBIBBkmYyeTAdMuBBkmYydMuep SgeTot rWBIBBkeTAEdlmanbnkCamFmBI 30 eTA 50 lanv:ul nigcrn 18000 A . eRKaHfak;BIrnHbNalmkBIkar)aj;eda ypal; ( Direct Strike ) nig tamrykarTTYl plBIbNajGKisnIEdlRtUvrnH)aj; ( Indirect Strike ) .

6>4>1 eKalkarN_nkarkarBareTAelIrnH - raMgsat;bnHrbs;rnH ( Intercept the Lightning

Discharge )

karkarBareTAelIkardwknaMcrnrbs;rn H ( Safely Conduct the Lightning Currents ) bM)at;ecalcrnrbs;rnHeTAkgEpndI

( Dissipate the Lightning Current in the Earth )

- bnyplb:HBal;rbs;crnrnH
Effects of Lightning Currents )

( Minimize the

6>4>2 kar)aj;edaypal; rnH)aj;pal;KWCarnHEdlekIteLIge TAelI GKar mnusS stV rukCati CaedIm . rnH)aj;pal; GacbgeRKaHfak;dl;CIvitmnusS stV sMParbrikarGKisnI nig epSg .

rUbTI 6>10 kar)aj;edaypal; 6>4>3 kar)aj;edayminpal; rnH)aj;edayminpal;KWCa karsayPaybnkGKisnInrnH)aj;eday pal;EdlsitkgEdn kMnt; ehIyGacbNaleGaymankarelIstg;sgdl ;]bkrN_GKisnIepSg EdlgayTTYlrgeday rnH)aj;EdlsitenACittMbn;manrnH ehIybNaleGaymankarb:HBal; dl;bNajdwkCBan nig bNajEckcay . ehIyvabegIt)anCasMelgEdleGaymanka rrMxandl; RbBnpSBVpSay RbBnRtYtBinit nigTMnak;TMng dUcCaRbBnTUrKmnaKmn_CaedIm . 6>4>4 meFa)aykarBarrnH rnH)aj;RtUv)aneKBinit nig tamdantaMgBIeBlekItmanfamBlGKisnI mkmH . naeBl bcb,nenHmeFa)aykarkarBarrnH RtUv)anGPivDn_eGaykan;EtRbesIreLI g . ehIyRbBnkarBar rnHenHRtUv)aneKykmkeRbIR)as;ya:g TUlMTUlaydl;eragcRk]sSahkm nigGKarepSgCaeRcIn . 6>4>5 kardak;begalkarBarrnH

begalkarBarrnHRtUv)aneRbIR)as; ya:gTUlMTUlayBaseBjBiPBelak edIm,IkarBarGKar nig brikarepSg . karkMnt;begalkarBarrnHRtUv)aneKs nt;TMrg;dUcxageRkam - Air terminal Ca]bkrN_RsUbykrnHmYyRbePT EdleKeRbIsMrab;karBarGKarTab eRBaHvamanEdn karBartUcGaRsyeTAnwgkMBs;rbs; Air terminal . edaysarEtRbeTskm<CasMbUrEtGKar man kMBs;Tab dUcenHehIyeKniymeRbI]bkrN_RsUbrn HRbePT Air terminal enHehIyEfmTaMgman tMlefaksmrmeTotpg . kMBs;rbs; Air terminal manBIrRbePTKWkMBs; 254mm mankarBarenAcenaH 6000mm nig kMBs; 6000mm manEdnkarBarsitenAcenaH 6700mm . - TItaMgtMeLIg Air terminal TItaMgrbs;vaRtUvtMeLIgdak;enAelIdMb Ul b EpkEdlx<s;bMputntMbn;karBar ehIycMeBaH kardak;enAtamdMbUlGKar RtUvmanKMlatya:geRcInRtwm 600mm . dMbUlGKarnImYy mansNan xus Ka

dUcenHehIykardak; Air terminal KWtamlkNdUcxageRkam kartMeLIgeTAtamragGKar dMbUlrabesI dMbUleTr A=6m eTA 7.6m A=6m eTA 7.6m
B=15 maximum B=15 maximum

- TRm]bkrN_RsUbrnH sMrab;eFVIeGay]bkrN_RsUbrnHQrRtg; nig Pab;vaCamYybnHelah (Cu b Al ) eGaytwgENnledIm,IcMlgcrnrnHmkdI )anrhs . - bnHTg;Edn b GaluymIjm ( Cu , Al ) 30mm manmuxkat; 2mm CaExSsMrab;cMlg nigEbgEckrnHBI]bkrN_RsUbrnHeTAdI . - RbGb;RtYtBinit CaRbGb;tMNrsMrab;RtYtBinitkardac; bxUcbNajkarBarrnH nigsMrab;vas;tMlGUmn ersuIsg;ExS . kgkartMeLIgeyIgRtUvdak;RbGb;enHk MBs;RbEhl 1m eTA 2m BIdI . - TIbkarBar

enAcenaHdI nigRbGb;RtYtBinitbnHTg;EdgenH eyIgRtUvdak;karBaredayTIbkarBarEdl bMBg;Cr (GIusULg;) sMrab;dak;bnHTg;Edg karBarkarb:HTgicepSgEdlbNaleGay Ebk)ak; nigregaHregIr EdlnaMeGaycrnrnHrt;min)anl . - Rkcab;elah Rkcab;elah KWeFVIGMBIelahRbIkgkarcab;bnH elaheGayepkRtg;nwgCab; nigdMbUl nigCBaaMg GKar . - RbGb;tMNr RbGb;tMNrKW eyIgsMrab;P ab;tMNrbnHTg;Edg bP ab;eGaytwgENnkEngEdlmankarkat; KarvagbnHTg;Edg .
- ESE (Early Streamer Emission) Lightning conductor

CaeQaH]bkrN_RsUbrnH mYyRbePTEdlCabeckviTacugeRkay rbs;RbeTs)araMg manramUl RTEvgRbEvgRbEhl 2m EdlenAkg ESE Lightning conductor manbMBak;eTAeday RbBneGLicRtUnicedIm,IbegIt CaEdnsMrab;RsUbrnH ( R =120m kMritGtibrima) .
ESE
p

edayrUbmn R = h(2 D h) +T (2D +T ) for 5m Edl R kaMnkarBarenAkgbg;epk enAcMgaybBar h BIcugrbs; Pulsar h kMBs;cug Pulsar elIvtEdlRtUkarBar D 20m for Protection level 1 45m for Protection level 2 60m for Protection level 3 ( s) T emKuN Sparkover Time edayBwgEpkeTAelI Frence Standard NSC 17-102(July 1995).
p p

sMKal; rYbmnrbs; Rp xagelIenHGacKNna)ansMrab; h 5m . edayehtufa h enAcenaHBI 2m eTA 5m eyIgeRCIserIstamtarag . tarag 6>2 kaM nigkMritkarBarGaRsyeTAelIkMBs ;GKar
h= height of Stormaster terminal above area to be protected (m) Protection Level 1 (High Protection) Stormaster 15 Stormaster 30 Stormaster 50 Stormaster 60 Protection Level 2 (Medium Protection) Stormaster 15 Stormaster 30 Stormaster 50 Stormaster 60 2 13 19 28 32 18 25 35 40 4 25 28 55 64 36 50 69 78 5 32 48 68 79 45 63 86 97 6 32 48 69 79 46 64 87 97 10 33 49 69 79 49 66 88 99 15 34 50 70 80 20 35 50 70 80 45 35 50 70 80 60 35 50 70 80

52 55 60 60 68 71 75 75 90 92 95 95 101 102 105 105

Protection Level 3 (Standard Protection) Stormaster 15 Stormaster 30 Stormaster 50 Stormaster 60

20 28 38 44

41 51 52 56 60 63 73 75 57 71 72 75 77 81 89 90 76 95 96 98 100 102 110 110 87 107 107 109 111 113 120 120

dUcenHeyIgTTYl)ankaMkarBarrnHc Mgay R = 32m . edIm,IkarBarbrievN GKarGenvasikdanTaMgmUl)aneyIgR tUveRbI Pulsar cMnYn 1 RtUvdak;enAcMkeNalelIdMbUlGKar .

P

sa v kl i a y Tl Ga nCti r

Ga aeA Kr k;n s sM; i S rb s i an t Gn a kdn esi v a

rUbTI 6>11 karkarBarrnH