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    Raoult's law describes the behavior of ideal solutions and very dilute real solutions. It states that the partial vapor pressure of a component in a solution is equal to the mole fraction of that component multiplied by its vapor pressure as a pure liquid. For ideal solutions, the mole fraction of water is equal to the water activity, which is a measure of the energy status of water in a system. Water activity can be defined in terms of either partial vapor pressure or fugacity, which is a measure of a vapor's tendency to escape from a solution.

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    Raoult's law describes the behavior of ideal solutions and very dilute real solutions. It states that the partial vapor pressure of a component in a solution is equal to the mole fraction of that component multiplied by its vapor pressure as a pure liquid. For ideal solutions, the mole fraction of water is equal to the water activity, which is a measure of the energy status of water in a system. Water activity can be defined in terms of either partial vapor pressure or fugacity, which is a measure of a vapor's tendency to escape from a solution.

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    18 views1 page

    Byse583 As1

    Uploaded by

    Kanishka Bhunia
    Raoult's law describes the behavior of ideal solutions and very dilute real solutions. It states that the partial vapor pressure of a component in a solution is equal to the mole fraction of that component multiplied by its vapor pressure as a pure liquid. For ideal solutions, the mole fraction of water is equal to the water activity, which is a measure of the energy status of water in a system. Water activity can be defined in terms of either partial vapor pressure or fugacity, which is a measure of a vapor's tendency to escape from a solution.

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    Raoults law and its implication to water activity

    Raoults law is applicable for ideal solution or very dilute solution. A solution is said to be ideal if escaping tendency of each component in a solution is proportional to mole fraction of this component in solution. Usually, the escaping tendency is measured by the partial vapour pressure of that component. So, the Raoults law can be expressed as:

    where PA is the partial vapour pressure of component A, XA is its mole fraction, and is the vapour pressure of pure liquid A at the same temperature. For ideal solutions mole fraction of water, Xw is equal to water activity, aw. Now, the pressure can be replaced by the fugacity if the vapour of the solution behaves ideally. So, it can be expressed as:

    Subscript w indicates water. Definition of water activity in terms of partial pressure and fugacity Water Activity,

    If the solution is ideal and vapour behaves ideally, then the pressure term and fugacity term is interchangeable. Fugacity is basically the escaping tendency of vapour from food material. So, it becomes

    Gibbs statement about equilibrium criteria

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