AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT can lo lioadIy calogoiizod as

CN5

ATC

CN5

cnmmunIcatInn, navIgatInn and survcI!!ancc vhich aio lho lhioo lasic faciIilios
vhich aid civiI avialion Thus, CNS aio lho luiIding lIocks of ATM

- COMMUNICATION is a piocoss of liansfoiiing infoinalion fion ono
souico lo anolhoi Connunicalion is connonIy dofinod as "lho
inpailing oi inloichango of lhoughls, opinions, oi infoinalion ly
spooch, viiling, oi signs" Connunicalion can lo poicoivod as a lvo-
vay piocoss ul in civiI avialion il is ono-vay piocoss Al any lino
oilhoi lho conlioIIoi can spoak oi lho piIol can spoak

COMMUNICATION in civiI avialion can lo fuilhoi cIassifiod as :

Grnund tn grnund: This onalIos vaiious slalions in lho AFTN (aoionaulicaI fixod
loIoconnunicalions nolvoik) lo connunicalo via Iov oi high spood Iinks Vaiious
nossagos conlaining inpoilanl infoinalion aio oxchangod Tho connunicalion is
lasod on sloio and foivaid piincipIo

Grnund tn AIr: This incIudos aII lho connunicalion lolvoon lho conlioIIois and lho
piIol Il nay incIudo voico connunicalion oi ATI5 oi any olhoi foin of nossagos
Ciound lo Aii connunicalion gonoiaIIy usos oilhoi VHF of HF fioquoncios
Connunicalion lakos pIaco lhiough liansnillois and iocoivois inslaIIod o lho
giound as voII as on loaid lho aiiciafl VHI and HI aio usod foi voico
connunicalion VHI liansniilois havo shoil iango vhiIo HI can lo usod foi
connunicaling ovoi Iong dislancos

AIr tn AIr : This nay incIudo connunicalion lolvoon lho piIols of lvo aiiciafls in
lho aii Such lypo of connunicalion aIso usos VHI and HI fioquoncios


- NAVIGATION is lho piocoss of ioading, and conlioIIing lho novononl of a
ciafl oi vohicIo fion ono pIaco lo anolhoi Il is aIso lho loin of ail usod foi lho
spociaIizod knovIodgo usod ly navigalois lo poifoin navigalion lasks
Navigalion in civiI avialion vas oaiIioi acconpIishod ly noans of vaiious
oquipnonls such as ND, ILS, DVOR, DML

N is lho oIdosl knovn navigalionaI loII Il voiks on lho lasic piincipIo of lho
nagnolic conpass Novadays, advancod oquipnonls such as lho VOR and DML aio
usod as navigalionaI aids

VOR is lho diioclionaI voiy high fioquoncy onni iadio iango vhich noasuios lho
azinulh angIo vilh iospocl lo lho noilh Il iadialod Iinos acioss 36O dog oach of
vhich aio spacod 1 dog apail Thoio nay lo sovoiaI VORs inslaIIod in an IIR Whon
an aiiciafl conos ovoihoad a VOR il givos lho piIol lho diioclion il nusl novo in
oidoi lo ioach lho noxl VOR on lho aii ioulo lo ils doslinalion

IL5 is lho insliunonl Ianding syslon vhichhoIps lho aiiciafl lo Iand safoIy

ME givos lho sIanl dislanco of lho aiiciafl

- 5URVEILLANCE is lho noniloiing of lho lohavioi of a poison oi gioup of
poopIo, oflon in a suiioplilious nannoi Tho void suivoiIIanco is connonIy
usod lo dosciilo olsoivalion fion a dislanco ly noans of oIoclionic
oquipnonl In civiI avialion suivoiIIanco oquipnonl is inslaIIod in oach
aiipoil lo noniloi lho novononl of aII lho aiiciafls vilhin ils iogion of
opoialion Iiinaiy and socondaiy iadai aio usod lo aid suivoiIIanco in civiI
avialion


ATC AIr TraffIc Cnntrn!

As oxpIainod oaiIioi is a soivico piovidod ly aii liaffic conloIIois on lho giound lo aII lho
aiiciafls in aii and on lho giound Tho aii liaffic conlioIIois aio alIo lo nainlain diiocl
conlacl vilh lho piIols and guido lhon lo novo foivaid lovaids lhoii doslinalion Honco,
ATC usos aII lho faciIilios piovidod ly CNS
OVERALL FUNCTIONING OF THE AT5
Aii Tiaffic Soivicos slaff poifoins funclions suppoiling Aii Tiaffic ConlioI and piovido
suppoiling soivicos lo Aii Navigalion Soivicos
Thoii ioIos aio as foIIovs:

Acrndrnmc F!Ight InfnrmatInn: Slaff aio uliIisod al soIoclod aoiodionos lo piovido
advico and infoinalion foi aiiciafl on oi in lho vicinily of lho aoiodiono MiIfoid
Sound is an oxanpIo

Arca F!Ight InfnrmatInn: Slaff piovido voalhoi and olhoi infoinalion usofuI foi lho
safo conducl of fIighl in unconlioIIod aiispaco in Nov ZoaIand This incIudos lho
piovision of soaich and ioscuo aIoiling soivicos foi aiiciafl on IIighl IIan Il aIso
incIudos lho ioIaying of cIoaiancos on lohaIf of Aii Tiaffic ConlioI and in piodofinod
aioas of unconlioIIod aiispaco lho piovision of liaffic infoinalion foi piIols lo
doloinino lhoii posilion in ioIalion lo oach olhoi lo piovonl coIIisions

IntcrnatInna! AIr grnund: Slaff piovido connunicalions vilh aiiciafl in lho
AuckIand Ocoanic IIR foi lho ioIay of cIoaiancos and posilion iopoils on lohaIf of
Aii Tiaffic ConlioI

NatInna! rIcfIng OffIcc: Slaff accopl and piocoss IIighl IIans and piovido liiofing
infoinalion foi piIols piioi lo lhoii fIighl This infoinalion incIudos voalhoi and
changos lo lho slalus of aoiodiono condilions and navigalion aids Thoso soivicos
aio aIso avaiIalIo lhiough an Aiivays volsilo www.IfIs.aIrways.cn.nz

IntcrnatInna! NOTAM OffIcc & AFTN 5upcrvIsnr: Slaff piocoss and disliilulo
infoinalion NOTAM) on changos lo aii navigalion soivicos incIuding aoiodiono
condilions and navigalion aids This infoinalion is disliilulod donoslicaIIy and
inloinalionaIIy foi piIols opoialing in oi lo Nov ZoaIand lo onsuio lhoy havo lho
Ialosl infoinalion on lho slalus of soivicos Thoso slaff aIso nonilois Aiivays'
opoialionaI nossago doIivoiy syslon (AITN) onsuiing IIighl IIan and olhoi ioIalod
dala is doIivoiod donoslicaIIy and inloinalionaIIy

F!Ight ata staff piovido suppoil soivicos and adninislialivo funclions foi Aii
Tiaffic ConlioI in aoiodiono conlioI lovois


VHF/HF /UHF: This incIudos lho iadio liansnillois and iocoivois opoialing on
vaiious fioquoncios usod foi lolh Iong-iango and shoil-iangoaii/giound
connunicalions vilh aiiciafl

A-5MGC5: Tho A-SMCCS onpIoys lolh lho nuIliIaloialion and Aulonalic
Dopondonl SuivoiIIanco-ioadcasl (ADS-) lochnoIogios foi onhancod suivoiIIanco
of aiiciafl and vohicIo novononls on lho aiifioId, and piovision of confIicl and
iunvay incuision aIoiling funclions foi addod aii liaffic conlioI safoly and officioncy

NAV AI5: Instrumcnt LandIng 5ystcm, a slandaid ICAO piocision Ianding aid lo
piovido accuialo azinulh and dosconl guidanco signaIs foi uso ly aiiciafl foi
Ianding on lho iunvay undoi noinaI oi advoiso voalhoi condilions VOR/ME,
slandaid ICAO iadio navigalionaI aids usod lo piovido loaiing and dislanco
infoinalion lo aiiciafl and lo dofino aii liaffic conlioI ioulos foi on-ioulo, loininaI
and insliunonl appioach/dopailuio piocoduios

RAAR: Iiinaiy iadai !5R)dolocls and piovidos lolh iango and loaiing
infoinalion of an aiiciafl vilhin ils offoclivo covoiago ly iadio vavo iofIoclion
Socondaiy iadai 55R) piovidos, afloi piocossing, lho iango, loaiing, aIliludo and
idonlily ca!! sIgn) of an aiiciafl Tho covoiago can ioach 25ONM A SSR can piovido
noio usofuI infoinalion lhan ISR lul is suljocl lo lho piopoi funclioning of lho
aiiciafl's lianspondoi To piovido lho losl accuiacy of aiiciafl laigols, lho SSR is
usuaIIy paiiod vilh a ISR foi aii liaffic conlioI puiposo

AM55: A slandaid ICAO giound-lo-giound connunicalion syslon foi lho
oxchango of aii liaffic conlioI nossagos vilhin lho AoionaulicaI Iixod
ToIoconnunicalion Nolvoik AFTN).

AFTN 5WITCHING 5Y5TEM
lNTRODUCTlON
In AITN, infoinalion is oxchangod lolvoon nany slalions Tho sinpIosl foin of
connunicalion is poinl-lo-poinl lypo, vhoio infoinalion is liansnillod fion a souico lo
sink lhiough a nodiun Tho souico is vhoio infoinalion is gonoialod and incIudos aII
funclions nocossaiy lo liansIalo lho infoinalion inlo an agiood codo, foinal and piocoduio
Tho nodiun couId lo a paii of viios, iadio syslons olc is iosponsilIo foi liansfoiiing lho
infoinalion Tho sink is dofinod as lho iocipionl of infoinalion, il incIudos aII nocossaiy
oIononls lo docodo lho signaIs lack inlo infoinalion
CLA55IFICATION OF AFTN 5WITCHING 5Y5TEM
A svilching syslon is an oasy soIulion lhal can aIIov on donand lasis lho connoclion of
any conlinalion of souico and sink slalions AITN svilching syslon can lo cIassifiod inlo
3 (lhioo) najoi calogoiios:

LInc 5wItchIng

Mcssagc 5wItchIng

!ackct 5wItchIng

LINE 5WITCHING
Whon lho svilching syslon is usod foi svilching Iinos oi ciicuils il is caIIod Iino-svilching
syslon ToIox svilchos and loIophonos oxchangos aio connon oxanpIos of lho Iino
svilching syslon Thoy piovido usoi on donand lasis ond-
lo-ond connoclion As Iong as connoclion is up lho usoi has oxcIusivo uso of lho lolaI
landvidlh of lho connunicalion channoI as poi ioquiiononl Il is Inloiaclivo and VoisaliIo
ME55AGE 5WITCHING
In lho Mossago Svilching syslon, nossagos fion lho souico aio coIIoclod and sloiod in lho
inpul quouo vhich aio anaIysod ly lho conpuloi syslon and liansfoi lho nossagos lo an
appiopiialo oulpul quouo in lho oidoi of piioiily
Tho nossago svilching syslon voiks on sloio and foivaid piincipIo Il piovidos good Iino
uliIizalion, nuIli-addiossing, nossago and syslon accounling, piolocls againsl lIocking
condilion, and conpaliliIily lo vaiious Iino inloifacos
!ACKET 5WITCHING 5Y5TEM
This syslon dividos a nossago inlo snaII chunks caIIod packol Thoso packols aio nado of a
lil slioan, oach conlaining connunicalion conlioI lils and dala lils Tho connunicalion
conlioI lils aio usod foi lho Iink and nolvoik conlioI piocoduio and dala lils aio foi lho
usoi
A packol couId lo conpaiod lo an onvoIopo inlo vhich dala aio pIacod Tho onvoIopo
conlains lho doslinalion addioss and olhoi conlioI infoinalion Long nossagos aio loing
cul inlo snaII chunks and liansnillod as packols Al lho doslinalion lho nolvoik dovico
sloios, ioassonlIos lho inconing packols and docodos lho signaIs lack inlo infoinalion ly
dosignalod piolocoI Il can handIo high-donsily liaffic Mossagos aio pioloclod unliI
doIivoiod No diiocl connoclion ioquiiod lolvoon souico and sink SingIo poil handIos
nuIlipIo ciicuils accoss sinuIlanoousIy and can connunicalo vilh high spood
ICAO ME55AGE FORMAT
NOTAM
NOTAM is lho acionyn foi 'NntIccs tn AIrmcn' conlaining infoinalion oi chango in any
aoionaulicaI faciIily, soivico, piocoduio oi hazaid lho linoIy knovIodgo of vhich is
ossonliaI lo poisonaI concoinod vilh lho fIighl opoialion
Tho condilions vhich nocossilalos oiiginalion of NOTAM aio nonlionod in lho "Cuidanco
ManuaI foi AoionaulicaI Infoinalion Soivicos in lho Asia/Iacific Rogion" kopl in lho
InloinalionaI NOTAM offico-DoIhi
Iivo soiios aio usod lo issuo NOTAM Lach soiios is sopaialoIy idonlifiod ly a Iolloi Lach
NOTAM in soiios of NOTAM is aIIocalod a soiiaI nunloi, lhal nunloi is consoculivo and
lasod on lho caIondai yoai
5crIcs 'A': Conlains infoinalion in iospocl of changos/un-soivicoaliIily of aoionaulicaI
faciIily IikoIy lo Iasl foi noio lhan 2 his and givon gonoiaI inloinalionaI disliilulion
5crIcs '': Conlains infoinalion in iospocl of changos/un-soivicoaliIios olc of aoionaulicaI
faciIilios IikoIy lo Iasl foi noio lhan 3O nin lul Ioss lhan 2 houis and givon Iinilod
inloinalionaI/nalionaI disliilulion lo adjaconl slalos onIy
5crIcs 'G' : Conlains infoinalion of a gonoiaI and Iasling chaiacloi affocling aiiciafl
opoialion in gonoiaI and lhis soiios is opoialod onIy ly InloinalionaI NOTAM Offico(NOI)
DoIhi and issuod undoi lho aulhoiily of AIS-AAI Hoadquailois and givon vido pulIicily ly
dissoninalion lo aII iocipionls of NOTAM fion lho foui inloinalionaI officos in India
5crIcs 'C': Conlains infoinalion in iospocl of changos/un-soivicoaliIily olc of aoionaulicaI
faciIilios in iospocl of Iocalion uliIizod ly donoslic fIighls onIy
5crIcs '': Conlains infoinalion in iospocl of changos/un-soivicoaliIily of aoionaulicaI
faciIilios undoi dofonso aulhoiilios and uliIizod ly donoslic schoduIod fIighls onIy

NOTAMN: NOTAM conlaining nov infoinalion

NOTAMR: NOTAM iopIacing a piovious NOTAM

NOTAMC: NOTAM cancoIing a piovious NOTAM

LOCATION INICATOR
EFINITION: Ioui Iolloi codo gioups foinuIalod in accoidanco vilh lho iuIos piosciilod
ly ICAO and assignod lo a Iocalion of an aoionaulicaI fixod slalion
FORMULATION: Ioui Iolloi Iocalion indicaloi foinuIalod and assignod lo a googiaphicaI
Iocalion vhoio lhoio is silualod a slalion foining a pail of aoionaulicaI fixod soivico
ICAO DOC791O conlains a Iisl of foui Iolloi codo gioup Iocalion indicaloi foi uso in
avialion onIy as a Iocalion of an aoionaulicaI fixod slalion in addioss, oiiginaloi loxl olc
and nol iopoal nol as a iadio caII sign of ships vhich is onIy foui Iolloi ono
E5TALI5HMENT OF AERONAUTICAL FIXE 5ERVICE AF5)
ROUTING AREA5
Tho voiId is dividod inlo 22 non ovoi Iapping AIS iouling aioas, oach of vhich is assignod
a sopaialo idonlifying Iolloi I, }, Q and X aio nol aIIocalod
Tho loundaiios of lhoso aioas nood nol nocossaiiIy coincido vilh lho loundaiios of any
slalo, loiiiloiy oi IIR lul aio docidod soIoIy fion a considoialion of lho ioquiiononls of lho
AIS, so as lo assisl nossago liaffic iouling piocossos lo lho naxinun possilIo oxlonl
Lach sopaialo slalo oi loiiiloiy is assignod a sopaialo idonlifying Iolloi lo poinil
diffoionlialion lolvoon lhal slalo oi loiiiloiy and olhoi slalos oi loiiiloiios in lho sano AIS
iouling aioas
Sopaialo idonlifying Iollois aio assignod lo pails of a slalo oi loiiiloiy

Whoio a sopaialo slalo oi loiiiloiy is ilsoIf an AIS iouling aioa and

Whoio iouling uncoilainlios can oxil al slalions fooding liaffic inlo lhal slalos oi
loiiiloiy and

Whoio ly so doing lhoso iouling uncoilainlios can lo ionovod oi aIIovialod

No sopaialo idonlifying Iolloi is assignod vhoio a sopaialo slalo oi loiiiloiy conlains onIy
liilulaiy slalions
UnaIIocalod Iollois vilhin oach AIS iouling aioa nay lo assignod as addilionaI Iollois, ly
ICAO, al lho ioquosl of a slalo having juiisdiclion al Iocalion(s) vilhin such aioa, in
inslancos vhoio addilionaI assignnonl viII faciIilalo lho piocossos of nossago iouling
A55IGNMENT OF LOCATION INICATOR5
AssIgnmcnt nf thc fIrst !cttcr nf a !ncatInn IndIcatnr:
Tho fiisl Iolloi of lho Iocalion indicaloi shaII lo lho Iolloi assignod lo lho AIS iouling aioa
vilhin vhich lho Iocalion is silualod oxcopl lhal vhoio lho Iocalion is soivod onIy ly a
singIo connunicalion conlio silualod in anolhoi AIS iouling aioa, lho fiisl Iolloi shaII lo
lhal assignod lo lho aioa in vhich lhal connunicalion conlio is silualod
NOTL: An AIS Rouling aioa can consisl of a singIo slalo
AssIgnmcnt nf thc sccnnd !cttcr nf a !ncatInn IndIcatnr:
Tho socond Iolloi of lho Iocalion indicaloi shaII lo Iolloi assignod lo lho slalo oi loiiiloiy (oi
poilion lhoioof) vilhin vhich lho Iocalion is silualod, oxcopl lhal vhoio lho Iocalion is
soivod onIy ly a singIo connunicalion conlio silualod in anolhoi slalo oi loiiiloiy in vhich
lhal connunicalion conlio is silualod
AssIgnmcnt nf thc thIrd !cttcr nf a !ncatInn IndIcatnr:
Whoio in a slalo oi loiiiloiy, aoionaulicaI fixod loIoconnunicalion slalions aio connoclod lo
a connunicalion conlio, lho lhiid Iolloi of lho Iocalion indicaloi shouId lo so assignod as lo
assisl in lho piocoss of iouling lo lhal connunicalion conlio
AssIgnmcnt nf thc fnurth !cttcr nf a !ncatInn IndIcatnr:
In iospocl of lho fouilh Iolloi, and in inslancos vhoio assignnonl of lho socond and lhiid
Iollois is nol piosciilod undoi 13 and 15 lho slalo concoinod shaII assign lho
Iollois as dosiiod, oxcopl lhal lhoso slalos assignod lho idonlifying Iolloi N in accoidanco
vilh 22 shouId aiiango lhoii nalionaI aIIocalion of spocific foui Iolloi Iocalion indicalois so
as lo avoid lho uso of lho conlinalion NN foi lho lhiid and fouilh Iollois
NC1L It |s |ntended that NNN shou|d not be used as the second th|rd and fourth |etters of a
|ocat|on |nd|cator

AM55-O!ERATION5
To iun lho voikslalions, usoi-fiiondIy appIicalion soflvaio on vindovs 2OOO has loon
dosignod ly LCIL in accoidanco vilh ICAO Annox-1O VoI -II Tho appIicalion suppoils
nov and oId AITN nossago foinal Tho appIicalion has loon dividod inlo lvo pails viz
IRONTLND and ACKLND appIicalion

FRONTEN A!!LICATION

Tho fionl-ond appIicalion suppoils a voikslalions haidvaio and lho LAN Syslon in lho
AMSS onviionnonl Tho fionl-ond suppoils diffoionl AITN nossago piopaialion foaluios
and quoiios al voikslalions viz NOTAM, ASS, HIRT olc cuslonizod foIIoving oxoculion
fiIos (oxo fiIos) accoiding lo lho ioquiiononl of individuaI voikslalion

NOTAM: nolico lo aiinan, lhoso aio nossagos sonl lo infoin aloul faciIilios vhich aio
accoplod al lho aiipoil lul aio nol avaiIalIo duo lo sono ioason

A55: aulonalic soIf liiofing syslon, is a appIicalion dodicalod foi lho piIols Il doIivois
lo lhon aII lho nocossaiy dolaiIs of lho doslinalion, fIighl pIan and NOTAM nossagos
ioIovanl foi lho fIighl

X-5ERVER: a dodicalod IC noanl foi handIing X25 fiano ioIay nossagos InslaIIod
inlo il aio lvo LCION caids (having 2 poils oach) vhich connunicalo using fiano ioIay
nolhod

TC!/I!: a dodicalod IC vhich is usod lo liidgo lolvoon lho lvo LANs piosonl AMSS
DoIhi conloi

HFRT

AREA

5U!ERVI5OR: lvo ICs usod foi noniloiing lho voik of lho AMSS Liioi nossagos
invoIving connunicalion piolIons aio iopoilod lo lhoso slalions

RIL: lhis loininaI is usod foi upIoading of lho RIL dala inlo lho dalalaso

ACKEN A!!LICATION
Thoso appIicalions iun in lho lackgiound conlioIIing lho najoi dalalasos Thoso iun
aulonalicaIIy accopling any dala iocoivod fion LAN, chocking vaIidily (as in caso of
dalalaso soivois) and gonoialing linoIy infoinalion in piodoloininod palloin ackond
appIicalion foi dalalaso Soivoi soils lho nossagos iocoivod viz NOTAM, nol nossagos,
ADC/IIC nossagos, fIighl pIans olc and sloios il is lho appiopiialo dalalaso
Anolhoi lackond appIicalion iunning is lho RIL dalalaso, an aulonalic syslon vhich
gonoialos fIighl pIans foi schoduIod aiiciafls lofoio six houis of lho fIighl This ioducos lho
hunan inloivonlion and oiiois RIL
usos dalalaso }KC foi aII lho infoinalion il noods foi gonoialing fIighl pIans
AM55 HARWARE CONFIGURATION & COM!ONENT5
Tho lasic AMSS configuialion consisls of Soivoi (s) as a hosl nossago-svilching conpuloi,
dala soivoi foi sloiing and accoss dala and agonl voikslalion (s) foi nossago inpul
Tho nossago svilching syslon in najoi slalions Iiko Chonnai oi KoIkala configuiod as
loIov

AMSS Soivoi vilh hol slandly

AMSS soivoi consoIo VDU and consoIo piinlois

Dala aso Soivoi (s)

ADC/IIC Soivoi

Connunicalion Soivoi

LTU Unils

CCM ox

Rouloi

Iasl Llhoinol Svilch

Iovoi SuppIy Unil

MODLM (s)

Lino Diivois

Windovs-2OOO Adv Soi foi Dalalaso Soivoi

Windovs-2OOO piofossionaI foi voikslalion

Diffoionl voikslalions (NODLS)

Audio VisuaI AIain (AVA)

Diop Iiinlois

Ropoil Iiinlois

Woikslalion Iiinlois

AM55 5ERVER ONL)
Il iocoivos nossagos, anaIysos ioulos, sloios nossagos in dupIicalo schoduIos and liansnils
nossagos Il givos hoaIlh signaIs lo SOLC and noniloi ils ovn sul-syslons foi gonoialing
consoIo nossagos Il aIso lakos a snap shol of lho Syslon Slalus fion vhich lho syslon can
ioII lack in caso of faiIuio
AM55 5WITCH 5ERVER H/W CONFIGURATION
AMSS is lasod on InloI IIII 113MHz niciopiocossoi and lho nain syslon is fuIIy
dupIicalod and oach soivoi consisls of

InloI SDS2 Molhoi loaid inlogialod vilh 2 soiiaI and 1 paiaIIoI poil, 1C nonoiy,
uIlia2 SCSI conlioIIoi, 52XIDL CD ROM , 2Llhoinol NIC adaplois, 1M IDD,OC
disk diivo DAT DRIVL 12C,2C, CoIoi noniloi, koy -nard and mnusc.

pnrt cnmmunIcatInn cnntrn!!cr card

Disk svilch

SOLC caid

SCSI Aclivo loininalion LVD

AM55 5ERVER HOT-5TANY H5)
Il iocoivos lho nossagos, piopiocossos il and luffois iocoivod lIocks vilh nossago
idonlificalion Il aIso givos hoaIlh signaIs lo SOLC Hol slandly on iocoiving signaI fion
SOLC, lhal onIino soivoi has faiIod, il inilialo iocovoiy fion lho ioII lack poinl Iodgoi ly
ONL soivoi in lho Iasl succossfuI lalch of opoialions Il lhon anaIysos lho luffoi of iocoivod
lIock lo io-inpul inlo lho syslon Tho iocoplion in HS conlinuos duiing aII lhoso aclivilios
5Y5TEM CON5OLE !RINTER
Tho syslon consoIo is a VDU, vhich is usod foi looling, Ioading lho OS, slail up, dalo lino
inpul and iocovoiy Tho consoIo is lasicaIIy a UNIX ToininaI vhich can lo usod foi any
piogian dovoIopnonl aclivilios aIso lhio usoi fiiondIy shoII connands og Ldiling souico
piogian, Copying of piogians, Diagnoslics iunning olc,
Tho syslon consoIo piinloi allachod vilh lolh lho soivois piinlois aII lho connands usod
ly lho supoivisoi loininaI and aIso Iogs lho soivoi aclivily, vhich hoIps lho syslon
adninislialoi lo anaIyzo lho lioulIo
ATAA5E 5ERVER/AC-FIC 5ERVER
Tho duaI iodundanl soivois suppoils lho ioquiiod dala laso suppoil foi lho AMSS Syslon
foi vaiious appIicalions Iiko ASS, NOTAM offico aulonalion, HIRT, OIMLT Dala lank,
YA aulonalion, ADC/IIC appIicalion olc, Thoso soivois aio fuIIy iodundanl and voik in
faiI safo nodo Tho dalalaso gols iopIicalod in lho Hol slandly syslon lasod on ovonls
ack ond soflvaio iunning on lhoso soivois suppoils lho iopIicalion and liansnission of
nossagos fion/lo lho AMSS syslon and aIso suppoils lho WoikfIov and aulonalion
appIicalion Suppoils lho quoiy and iopoil ioquosl gonoialod fion lho fionl-ond CUI
appIicalions
COMMUNICATION 5ERVER
This soivoi suppoils vaiious Iino piolocoIs Iiko X25, HDLC, III, SLII, TCI/II olc,
lasicaIIy lhis soivoi voiks as a galovay lo ionovo slalions connoclod in lho X25 and
TCI/II cIoud AII lho nossagos iocoivod fion lho ionolo slalions viII lo passod lo lho
AMSS svilch lhiough Llhoinol connoclivily and vico-voisa This soivoi suppoils a
nininun of foui-oighl channoIs and lolh soivois pul logolhoi suppoils 8-16 channoIs
HW CONFIGURATION OF A!!. FIC/AC & COM 5ERVER5
Thoso soivois consisl of

InloI SDS2 nolhoi loaid vilh 2soiiaI and ono paiaIIoI poil 1C nonoiy, inlogialod
duaI uIlia2 SCSI conlioIIoi, duaI channoI RAID SCSI conlioIIoi

3 x 36C Hol svappalIo disk diivos

CoIoi noniloi, vilh koy loaid and nouso

52 X IDL CD ROM

35,1M IDD

X25 Caid ( foi conn Soivoi)

NIC(Llhoinol adaploi)

DuaI channoI RAID SCSI conlioIIoi( foi App and IIC/ADC Soivois)

LINE TERMINATION UNIT LTU)
LTU iack vilh a capacily lo suppoil 6 channoIs is piovidod in viov of lho fuluio
oxpansion y adding addilionaI Iino loininalion caids (LTU-/C) and associalo
connunicalion nuIlipIoxois lho syslon capacily can lo onhancod Tho soflvaio suppIiod
suppoils up lo 128 Iinos y sinpIo updaling lho dalalaso, iouling diiocloiy, lho syslon
capacily can lo onhancod lo 128 channoIs
Thoio is ono LTU foi oach Iino LTU /C inloifaco suppoils lvo lypos of channoIs LTU-
soivos lho funclion of convoiling audol codo inloifaco lo RS232C inloifaco This unil aIso
piovidos Iino isoIalion, ovoi voIlago, cuiionl pioloclion olc, LTU-C is lasicaIIy RS232 lo
RS232 vilh funclions of Iino isoIalion TX signaI soIoclion (onIino syslons TX signaI onIy
aIIovod lo lho oxloinaI Iino) and olhoi pioloclion faciIilios
MULTI-CHANNEL COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER MULTI!LEXER
M-CCM)
Tho lasic jol of CI is lo nuIlipIox chaiaclois iocoivod fion soiiaI Iinos and infoins lho
nain piocossoi aloul iocoplion of a fixod (256) nunloi of chaiaclois oi vhon a fixod sliing
(NNNN) has loon doloclod
Tho CI is piovidod vilh 6 ChannoI nuIlipIoxos (16/32/6CCM) caids in lho On-Iino and
Hol-slandly syslons foi suppoiling up lo 6 asynchionous channoIs of diffoionl spoods
fion 5OIS lo 96OOIS AIso iojocl piinloi foi diagnoslic iopoil and iopoil piinloi foi
aclivily Iog is aIso connoclod lo connunicalion sul syslon Tho diaI up and COI ciicuils
aio suppoilod lhiough lhoso connunicalion conlioIIois onIy Sinco lho connunicalion
conlioIIois aio avaiIalIo in lolh on-Iino and hol-slandly syslons, lho faiIuio of any
connunicalion nuIlipIoxos foicos lhal svilch ovoi and honco doos nol hanpoi lho
avaiIaliIily of AMSS
!OWER 5U!!LY UNIT5
DuaI povoi suppIy unils foi suppIy of (+/- 6OV, +/-12V and +5V) is piovidod in LTU iack
6OV is piovidod foi ionolo Iinos, 12V foi RS232C soiiaI connunicalion and 5V foi suppIy
lo LTU caids
MOEM
MODLM is usod as oxloinaI oi inloinaI dovico lo inloifaco vilh Iov spood Iinos in lho
AMSS syslon lo connunicalo vilh lho ionolo loininaIs In LCIL syslon oxloinaI MODLM
is usod al voiy fov slalions Modons aio piopoily of lho soivico piovidoi, in lhis caso
MTNL
ROUTER5
In AMSS ioulois aio usod lo connocl lho DoIhi slalion lo sono of lho noighloiing slalions
accoiding lo lho TCI/II piolocoI Tho connoclivily lolvoon lhoso slalions is piovidod ly
MTNL MTNL nodons aio inslaIIod al lho ond of lho iouloi vhich piovidos diiocl Iink lo
lho olhoi slalions Slalions Iiko }aipui, AIIahalad, Lucknov aio connoclod using iouloi
connoclion
Al piosonl AMSS usos 16 poil ioulois nanufacluiod ly TLCHROUTLRS
ETHERNET 5WITCH
This inloIIigonl dovico is usod lo foin lho LAN in lho AMSS dopailnonl Tho sixloon poil
svilch fion TYCO incIudos pIug and pIay suppoil This aIIovs lho opoialion of lho svilch
vilhoul lho nood of configuialion Tho svilch has a onloddod soflvaio vhich chocks and
sloios lho MAC addioss of lho connoclod conpuloi in ils lalIos Hovovoi lhoso svilchos
can lo configuiod using hypoiloininaI using lho RS-232 loininaI allachod al lho lack of lho
svilch
LINE RIVER5
Lino diivois aio usod as a dovico lo nako Iong dislanco connoclivily vhoio lho capacily of a
Iino faiIs lo liansfoi lho dala fion ono loininaI lo anolhoi loininaI Tho Iino diivois aio
fixod in lolvoon lvo poinls of a soiiaI Iino RS232 (ono al oulpul ond and olhoi al inpul
ond)
VOICE OVER INTERNET !ROTOCOL VOI!)
This dovico is usod lo liansnil ioaI lino voico loIophono convoisalions ovoi lho nolvoik in
TCI/II oncapsuIalod packols Lach VOII piocossoi has 8 poils foi R}-11 loIophono Iinos
fion lho oidinaiy loIophono
IFFERENT WORK5TATION5 NOE5)
Supoivisoi, HIRT, ooking, NOTAM, MLT, iiofing, Aioa olc aio connoclod lhiough
Llhoinol svilch oi Hul

AII lho WS aio luiIl aiound InloI I-III 7OO MHz voiking undoi WIndnws 2000 &WIN-
X! npcratIng systcm. Any WS can lo onalIod lo voik as AMSS supoivisoi, NOTAM
voik slalion, ATC Woikslalion, MLT Woikslalion olc foi oxanpIo: ATC Woikslalions
aio usod lo iun ioquiiod appIicalions in vaiious unils Iiko Woikslalion piovidos
diffoionl nossago lonpIalos foi gonoialing IIL, DLI, ARR, CNL, DLA, LST and CHC
nossagos

AUIO VI5UAL ALARM AVA)
Tho Audio VisuaI AIain (AVA) soflvaio nonilois and dispIays lho slalus of lho onliio
nossago svilching syslon incIuding ils vaiious aIIiod sul-syslons Tho AVA dispIays

Svilch slalus- MS1 and MS2

Dovico Slalus-Disks and Tapos

Iovoi SuppIy slalus

RoaI lino

ChannoI slalus

Tho AVA ollains aII lho slalus infoinalion fion lho ONLINL AMSS syslon lhiough LAN
and dispIays lhon giaphicaIIy Tho giaphicaI iopiosonlalion onalIos quickoi and oasioi
inloipiolalion of cuiionl slalus of lho onliio nolvoikTho slalus of aII syslons and sul-
syslons aio dispIayod in lho foin of ioclanguIai lIocks Tho lackgiound coIoi of a lIock
indicalos lho cuiionl slalus
of lho syslon/sul-syslon concoinod Tho dalo and lino of faiIuio aio shovn vhoiovoi lhoy
aio ioIovanl
In caso of faiIuio of nossago svilchos oi disks vhich aio ciilicaI, lho soflvaio

Conos lo lho foiogiound if il had loon nininizod

Civos visuaI offocl lo lho lIock concoinod (in iod coIoi)

Conoialos aIain sound

1he AvA sofLware can also be run ln any WS runnlng Wlndows n1 1he AvA Lermlnal wlll have
speclal hardware Lo monlLor L1u power sLaLus lf lL ls run on a WS oLher Lhan AvA Lermlnal Lhen
Lhe sLaLus of all sysLems/subsysLems excepL L1u power sLaLus can be monlLored

5ystcm !rIntcr 5R!/5RJ) & RO! !RINTER5
SRI- This piinloi is usod foi aulo piinling of vaiious iopoils gonoialod ly lho syslon
SR}- This piinloi is usod foi piinling Iogging dolaiIs of iojoclod nossagos ly lho syslon
AIso il Iogs lho hoadoi sunnaiy of lho nossagos liansaclod lhiough LTU
DROI piinloi (RS-232) usod as a diop ciicuil lhiough LTU Iiinloi is usod foi piinling
nossagos lo diop nossagos diioclIy lo an addiossoo as poi addioss indicaloi foi lho diop
piinloi
WORK 5TATION !RINTER
This piinloi is connoclod lhiough lho 'COM 'poil of voikslalion and nossagos aio piinlod
accoiding lo lho addioss of lho voikslalion Mossagos can aIso lo piinlod ly soIocling lho
pailicuIai nossago and oxoculing piinl connand
ANSS Softwaie Configuiation
AM55 swItch scrvcrs:

Opoialing syslon: svilch soivoi voiks on UNIX opoialing syslon Tho advanlago of
using UNIX is lho slaliIily of lho syslon Sinco lho lvo soivois aio lho hoail of lho
AMSS, uninloiiuplod voiking is nocossaiy in ovoiy caso AIso lho chanco of viius allack
is Ioss as conpaiod lo WINDOWS lasod syslon UNIX voision 5O5 is cuiionlIy loing
usod hoio

App!IcatInn: appIicalion foi lho svilch soivois aio viillon in C Ianguago Tho appIicalion
piosonlIy usod is dosignod ly LCIL and nainlainod ly AAI
Tho appIicalion nanagos foui fiIos usod in iouling lho nossagos lo dosiiod channoI Thoso
loing :

Ai8dala: naps addioss lo ioulo

Ci8dala: naps gioup addioss lo ioulo

Roulo dala: naps iolo lo IogicaI addioss

Lino dala: naps IogicaI lo physicaI addioss

ata-asc scrvcr:

OpcratIng scrvcr: dalalaso soivois voik on WINDOWS 2OOO

App!IcatInn: SQL 2OOO is usod foi lho dalalaso appIicalion Dalalasos conlain lalIos
vhich hoId lho nossagos iocoivod fion vaiious inpuls A copy is iolainod foi 3O days

WnrkstatInns:

OpcratIng scrvcr: voikslalions aio Ioadod vilh vindovs XI OS

App!IcatInn: appIicalions lasod on visuaI Caio iun on lhoso slalions

ARCHITECTURE OF 5WITCH 5ERVER A!!LICATION 5OFTWARE
AppIicalion soflvaio is dividod inlo lhioo lasks
Task 1: iocoivos nossagos fion LAN and ionolo Iinos, koops inlo lho shaiod nonoiy
1ask 2 LransmlL messages from shared memory Lo LAn nodes and remoLe llnes
1ask 3 dlvldes lnLo several modules conLrolled by an appllcaLlon orlenLed base sequencer
1he maln modules of Lhls Lask are as follows
Input !rnccssIng I!)
This noduIo piovidos an inloifaco lo iocoivo nossagos fion shaiod nonoiy, MCCM poils
and fiIIs up inlo a quouo afloi piopiocossing Il acls as a lianspoil foi nossagos lo lho noxl
noduIo Mossago Iaising
Mcssagc !arsIng M!)
This noduIo iocoivos piopiocossod nossagos fion II and anaIysos lhon lo pick up
diffoionl fioIds, finds lho oiioi in lhon, koops lhon in lho nossago conlioI packol (MCI),
and puls lho MCIs in quouo foi Mossago Rouling (MR)
Mcssagc RnutIng MR)
This noduIo is iosponsilIo lo find oul lho ioulo foi liansnission doponding on lho ioulo
pickod up signaIod ly lho MI This noduIo sloios lho nossagos in niiioi disks vilh
suilalIo indox and sloios lho nossagos in nonoiy lIocks foi liansnission and olhoi
aclivilios
Output 5chcdu!cr O5)
This noduIo is iosponsilIo foi schoduIing lho liansnission lasod on piioiily and
avaiIaliIily of ciicuils Il aIso sloios lho oulgoing dolaiIs of nossagos in liansaclion fiIo on
lho disk Il piopaios jouinaIs and nonilois Iino condilions
Output !rnccssIng O!)
This noduIo is iosponsilIo foi hoadoi gonoialion, codo convoision and liansnission
funclion of nossago
Thoio aio vaiious olhoi noduIos, vhich hoIps in supoivision and conlioI Sono of lhoso
noduIos aio:

Connand AnaIyzoi and Iiocossoi

Ropoil Conoialoi


AppIicalion Iiko doIayod nossago, haIf-houiIy iopoils, nossago ioliiovaI olc

Rocovoiy, Lodgoiing and Roconfiguialion

Lach noduIo consisls of a Iaigo nunloi of funclions cooidinaling lhiough a conliaI
piogian In gonoiaI good caio has loon lakon lo nainlain noduIaiily lhiough

Aichilocluio and Dofinilion of ModuIos

Uso of Sliucluio Languago

FIgurc: InfnrmatInn f!nw In swItch scrvcr app!IcatInn
AM55 cnmmunIcatInn channc!

Lnw spccd mcdIum: Thoso channoIs aio opoialing al 0 -aud/scc Thoso aio nov usod
onIy foi a fov slalions vhich havo a snaII voikIoad

Ia! up !Inks: Thoso aio loIophono Iinos hiiod fion MTNL Any lino a connoclion is
noodod, a diaI up nodon caIIs lho ioquiiod nunloi and a channoI is sol up Afloi lhal
lho connoclion solup, lho dala is liansfoiiod


HIgh spccd !Incs: 6 Klps Ioasod Iinos fion MTNL Thoso Iinos aio gonoiaIIy usod vilh
ioulois lo sol up vido aioa nolvoiks

Nntc: thcsc !Incs arc dcpcndcnt upnn MTNL and 5NL. In casc nf a fau!t wIth thc !Ink,
thcsc scrvIcc prnvIdcrs arc cnntactcd fnr rcctIfIcatInn nf prn-!cm.

cdIcatcd satc!!Itc cnmmunIcatInn systcm 5CN): lhis is s saloIIilo lasod
connunicalion Iinks DSCN is nol onIy usod foi AMSS lul aIso foi voico, dala, fax,
saloIIilo picluios olc DSCN is a VSAT Nolvoik consisling of Tvo Huls and 78 Ronolos
Tho Nolvoik vouId lo opoialod on C-and Nolvoik onpIoys TDMA Tho lvo huls
aio Iocalod al DoIhi and Munlai AII lho slalions connunicalo using lhoso huls Tho
huls conlioI lho Iino lolvoon lho slalions as voII as aIIocalo landvidlh lo lho
individuaI slalions Tho DSCN is Iinkod lo INSAT3L and INSAT3 A lolaI of 18 MHz is
aIIollod in oach saloIIilo foi DSCN

R!L Managcmcnt 5ystcm
IntrnductInn
Tho Ropolilivo IIighl IIan Managononl Syslon is a soflvaio lasod appIicalion vhich
gonoialod IIL aulonalicaIIy foi aII schoduIod fIighls, 9 houis lofoio lho dopailuio lino
and lakos caio vilh aII iospoclivo doslinalion addiossos vilhoul any nanuaI inloivonlion
ackgrnund
AAI, in ils ondoavois lo achiovo Cuslonoi Salisfaclion, is connillod lo piovido usoi
fiiondIy soivicos AAI calois ils cuslonois of vaiious naluios vilh aIlogolhoi diffoionl
noods of soivicos As fai as Aii Tiaffic Soivicos (ATS) aio concoinod, lho AiiIino Opoialois
(AO) is lho AAI's chiof cuslonoisWilh lho onoinous giovlh in Aii Tiaffic vilh novoi
aiiIinos, nandaloiy pio-dopailuio foinaIilios assuno a
najoi ioIo in ATS AOs and ATS poisonnoI of AAI voio finding il incioasingIy
cunloisono lo handIo lho incioasing nunloi of fIighl pIans (IIL) and aIIiod ATS nossago
AOs voio lo sulnil IILs foi oach and ovoiy fIighl, visiling lho ATS Ropoiling offico
dospilo lho facl lhal lhoso fIighls foIIov a fixod schoduIo Wilh lho giovlh in aiiciafl
novononl, nol onIy lho AOs visils lo lho ATS Ropoiling Offico incioasod lul aIso iosuIlod
in incioaso of Man Houi, Iol aIono fuilhoi piocossing of lhoso IILs ly lho ATS poisonnoI
Undoi lho ciicunslancos, AAI foIl a nood foi chango in handIing lhoso IILs aulonalicaIIy
This aulonalion of IIL handIing is loing inlioducod as AAI RIL Managononl Syslon
(AAI RILMS) AAI RILMS has loon dovoIopod in-houso ly a loan of AAI oxoculivos vho
aio voII voisod vilh lho noods of lho AOs as voII as lho ioquiiononls of ICAO DOC
(IANS-ATM)
As fai as AOs aio concoinod, AAI RILMS lonofils lhon vilh a piovision foi oxpoiling
lhoii vinloi/sunnoi schoduIo in lho RIL Lisling foinal using a ionovalIo sloiago
nodiun and sulnil lo lho ATC This nol onIy nininizos papoi voik in sulnission of
IILs fIighl lo fIighl lasis lul aIso liings aloul oconony of opoialions in loins of ioducod
usago of oIoclionic nodia
AFTN ME55AGE FORMAT
5tatInn addrcss fnrmat
AITN addiossos aio 8 chaiaclois Iong Thoy consisl of lho -!cttcr ICAO statInn cndc vilh a
-!cttcr facI!Ity cndc appcndcd
FACILITY COE5

TX iofois lo Cnntrn! tnwcr

!X iofois lo AT5 RcpnrtIng OffIcc

"X iofois lo Arca Cnntrn! Ccntcr

YNYX iofois lo Nntam OffIcc

YYX iofois lo AIrpnrt Managcr

YYX iofois lo Mct ata ank

YMYX iofois lo Lnca! Mct OffIcc

RA iofois lo Radar

ME55AGE CONTENT
AITN nossagos can lo givon a nossago piioiily lo onsuio losl uso of lho syslon Tho
piioiily indicalois and lhoii noanings aio shovn in lho foIIoving lalIo:
INICATOR CONTENT !RIORITY
55 accIdcnts HIgh Mayday)
vcry Impnrtant nntIccs nr cvcnts Urgcncy
GG Impnrtant cvcnts Nnrma!
FF F!Ight mcssagcs F!L, LA, ARR ctc.) Nnrma!
KK Othcr and Cnmpany Mcssagcs Lnw
Tho AITN syslon is lackvaids conpalilIo vilh oIdoi liansnission lochnoIogy as nany
nonloi slalos do nol upgiado lhoii AITN conlois fasl onough Tho nossago foinal loliays
lho oxlonsivo uso of iadio loIolypo Iinks in lho pasl A lypicaI nossago vouId Iook Iiko:
ME55AGE EXAM!LE
CC LAA00 12032000
O!KC"X
1209000 O!5T"X[ J J J J ]
ME55AGE
NNNN
RIEF EX!LATION

CC is lho start nf mcssagc IndIcatnr lhal vas oiiginaIIy usod ly loin-lapo
slalions Tho Z and C chaiaclois do nol noinaIIy occui logolhoi in slandaid loxl
and piovido a uniquo chaiacloi palloin foi aulonaling lho idonlificalion of lho
loginning of a nossago

LAA is lho channc! dcsIgnatnr 3 !cttcrs) I.c. IncnmIng prcfIx.

00 is lho Mcssagc scqucncc Nn. 3 dIgIts) on lhis channoI

12032000 is TImc nf TransmIssInn nf Mcssagc 10 dIgIts).

is lho Mcssagc !rInrIty.

O!KC"X is lho Addrcss IndIcatnrcharactcrs nn!y).

1209000 is lho atc & TImc dIgIts nn!y).

O!5T"X Is thc nrIgIn IndIcatnr charactcrs)

[J J J J ] c!! sIgna! in caso of nossago having 55 prInrIty


TEXT Mcssagc Tcxt is uplo 100 charactcrs. AIso shnu!d nnt cnntaIn any spccIa!
strIngs !Ikc CC,C,CC,NNN OR NNNN.


NNNN is lho End nf Mcssagc IndIcatnr lhal aIso has a chaiacloi palloin lhal is nol
found in slandaid loxl

A!! thc fIc!ds -ctwccn [ ] arc nptInna!.

Tnta! !cngth of nossago is 2100 chaiaclois

Tho nossago iouling is oasiIy aulonalod ly gonoiaI puiposo conpulois ToIolypo
connunicalion vilh aiiIino opoialois is sonolinos nainlainod ly having a connoclion lo
lho IATA Typc nossaging nolvoiks vhich uso a 7 chaiacloi addioss Tho vhoIo
connunicalions syslon is sliII ioolod in lho 'officiaI' naluio of iadio loIolypos
Tho n!dcr tapc statInns (and poihaps novoi onos) aIso incIudod a -c!! lhal couId lo iung
ly using a sol chaiacloi codo Tho puiposo of lho loII vas lo aIIov lho sondoi lo aIoil lho
iocoiving opoialoi of a high piioiily nossago such as an SS nossago Il vas aIso possilIo lo
insoil spacing lolvoon loII iings Wilh caio and poisislonco, you couId conposo a nusicaI
luno lo pIay lo fai dislanl slalions JIng!c -c!!s vas a favouiilo A pailicuIaiIy cIovoi
'aulhoi' couId conlino lho luno vilh an inago such as a Chiislnas lioo Tho skiII foi lhis
vas oflon Ioainl on lhoso Iong nighl valchos vhon IillIo liaffic vas in lho aii
Lach counliy vilhin lho nolvoik has il aiipoils and aoiodiono iopoiling Iocalion
addiossos loginning vilh a Iolloi Ioi inslanco lho Iolloi K is lho fiisl Iolloi of lho foui Iolloi
ICAO addioss Iocalion vilhin lho Unilod Slalos Tho fiisl Iolloi foi a Canadian aoiodiono,
oi aiipoil addioss, logins vilh lho Iolloi C
Lher alrporL requlred reporLs are also LransmlLLed Lhrough Lhe Al1n on dally and hourly lnLervals
llke fllghL plans n1AMs (noLlces Lo alrmen) and Al8Aus (Alrfleld Advlsorles) lor example a
message orlglnaLed aL new ?orks !ohn l kennedy alrporL would be k!lk Coose 8ay Canadas
alrporL orlglnaLed messages would be ldenLlfled as C??8