2. OPERATIONS ON ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS a. Understanding Algrebraic Expressions 1.

Definition of Algebraic Expressions Expressions such as : 4x , 3a + 2 , 3 p 2 , 5p 6q and 3x y are called Algebraic expressions. A multiplication factor which is a number is called a coefficient , While that which a a symbol is called variable. In the algebraic 3a + 2 , 3 is called a coefficient , a is called a variable and 2 is called a constant. The following algebraic expressions : 4a 5b 7a + 8b The above algebraic expressions consists of four terms, namely 4a , -5b , -7a , and 8b , it has like terms or similar terms , namely 4a and -7a , and -5b and 8b . Example : 1. Determine the coefficient of x and the number of terms in each of the following algebraic expressions ! 2 a. 5x 9 b. 4x - 7x + 6 2. Determine the like terms in each of the following algebraic expressions ! a. 3p 4pq + 5q p + 2pq b. 5a3 4a 2 a 2a 2 3a

2. Adding and Subtracting Algebraic Expressions Example : 1. Simplify each of the following algebraic expressions ! a. 4a + 3b 5a +b b. 8x 7y + 9x 6y c. 2k 2 3k 5 k 2 2k 4 d. 2( 3a 4b c ) + 4 ( 5a + b 3c ) e. -3 ( 2x 4y + z ) ( 4x y + 2z ) f. 5( p 2q + 3r ) 4 ( 3p +q 2r ) 2. Find the sum of : a. 5a 7b and a + 3b b. 2x 3y + 4z and 4x y + 3z 3 2 c. 9 p 3 5 p 2 2 p and 6 p 3 p p 3. Subtrac ! a. 3d 4e from 6d + 7e b. 8p 5q + 4r from 3p 6q r c. 4 x 2 3x 5 from 8x 2 4 x 7 3. Substituting Number in Algebraic Expressions Example : 1. Find the value of each of the following algebraic expressions if a = 6 ! a . 5a 8 b. 2a 2 3a c. a3 2a2 8 2. If a = -3 ,b = 4 , and c = -7 , find the value of each of the following algebraic expressions ! 2 a. 3ab 4bc + 5ac b. ( 5ab 3c) c. 2a3 5b3 4c2

3. The LCM and GCD of Monomials Example : Find the LCM and GCD of each of the following pairs of algebraic expressions ! a. 12ab2and18a 2b b. 24 p 3q 2 r 2 andp2 qr 3 c. 16 x 4 y 3 z 2 ,36 x3 yz 3 , and 56 xy 3 z d. 72 d 2e3 f 4 ,84 d 3ef 5 , and108 de2 f