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Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

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FORE ARTICLES

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FORE ARTICLES
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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Ak'a*gwr\ pMu0Vm(urm)tjrif
wu o d k v f o Qif o D & d ( "r m p&d , ? B.A) onf/ xdktcg urmay:&Sd kyf0wKypnf;rsm; tmumoxJodkY vGihfpifusa&mufukefrnfjzpf aomaMumihf rjzpfEkdif[k ,lqcJhMuonf/ ,aeYacwf euwynm&Sifrsm;url urmBuD;onf trSefwu,fyif wpfem&DvQif rdkifaygif;(70000)EIef;jzihf aeudkvSnhfywfae aMumif ; wG u f c suf N yD ; ouf a ojyvm EkdifMuNyD;jzpf ygonf/ *&dwfacwfu euwynm&Sifrsm; onf rQvsifjrefaomEIef;jzihf urmajrBuD;udk aeudkvSnhfywfaevQif urmajray:u vlom; rsm;onf xdkt&Sdefudkododomom cHpm;EkdifMu& rnf[k qdkMuvdrhfrnfjzpfonf/ trSefrSm urmBuD;\ BuD;rm;aom kyfj'yfxkESihf qGJiiftm;aMumihf vlom;rsm;onf xdkt&Sdef (speed) BuD;udkcHpm;EkdifMujcif;r&Sday/ xdt&Seukd vufawGU*JMoarBwocsm k d f d F enf;jzihfwGufcsufEdkifonf/ 2 Tir onf wpfESpf twGif; urmuaeudk ywfaom rkdifoef;aygif; 2_22/2 + 9446= 584412 rdioef;aygif; k f =584412 * 365 (wpf & uf o G m ;Ek d i f a om rdioef;aygif;) k f =1626 + 24 = 67861 (wpfem&DoGm;Edkifonfhrkdifaygif;) 94.6 onf urmESihfaewdkY\ tuGm ta0;rd k i f o ef ; aygif ; jzpf o jzih f puf 0 ef ; (circumperence)aeoGm;vrf;aMumif;udk wGuf &mwGif tcsif;0uf (Radious) tjzpfxm; 2 Tir-2rdkiftcsif;0ufxm;NyD; wGufxm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ (2_2_ 94.6) xdaMumihf urmajrBu;D onf wpfem&D Yk vQif rdiaygif;(70000)EIe;f cefjY zihf aeudvnywf k f k S fh aeMujcif;jzpfonf[aomtqdrm rSeuefonf l k S f [k qdk&ygrnf/ urmESihfwuG tjcm;N*dK[frsm;onf aepMu0VmtwGif; aeudkA[dkjyKvSnhfywfae Muonf[laomtqdkjyKcsufudk aumfygeD;uyf (p) (coperniens) (AD 1473-1541)uwif jycJhonf/ *,fvv,Eif h e,lwefw\ awGU&Sd csuf D D kd S Ykd

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wnfxicsursm; xGuay:vmaom tcgwGirl G f f f f ,if;tqdjk yKcsursm;rSm twnf jzpfom;ygonf/ f G ESpaygif;(2000)ausmMf um vufcMH u f aom puf0dkif;yHkywfvrf;rsm;udk pGefYy,fvdkufNyD; bJOyHkywfvrf;udktwnfjyKvmcJhMuonf/ *,fvv,kd (1564-1642)\ ta0; D D MunhfrSefajymif; wDxGifrIaMumihf ,cifurjrif& aom N*dK[frsm;udk apmihfMunhfavhvmNyD; aeudk A[dkjyKvSnhfywfaeMuonf[laom aumfyg; eD;uyfpf\ tqdkyg twnfjyKEkdifcJhonf/ xdjYk yif e,lwef (1642-1727)\ a&GU vsm;rIqdkif&m Oya'o (3)ckonf urmay:&Sd t&m0wKrsm;tm;vHk;tjyif aumif;uif,HwGif &Saom t&m0wKtm;vH;k udyg tusKH ;0ifoufqif d k dk rI&Sdonf[kqdkxm;ygonf/ e,lwef\ xdkOya' rsm;aMumihf aeudkA[dkjyKNyD; urmtygt0if tjcm;N*d K [f r sm;vS n h f y wf a eMuonf q d k a om t,l tqudk cdkifrmoGm;apygonf/ 18&mpkESpf odyHynm&SifBuD; e,lwef ESihf 20 &mpkodyHynm&SifBuD; tkdif;pwdkif;wdkY\ awGU&Sdcsufrsm;udk tajccHNyD; ,aeYodyHynm&Sif wdonf tmumoavhvmpl;prf;a&;wdukd txl; Yk Yk BudK;pm;avhvmcJhMuonf/ ,aeY a cwf t mumood y H y nm&S i f rsm;onf tmumo,Ofrsm;udk urmajrBuD;\ qGiiftm;rS vGwEiaom vGwajrmufrI tvsif J f kd f f V udk wGufcsufEkdifMuNyDjzpfonf/ V= 112 km/s wpfpuefYvQif (1.2) uDvdkrDwmEIef; jzpfonf/ tD a uG w mteD ; ae&mwpf c k c k r S pwGufvQif tDauGwmwGif ta&SUbufodkYvnf aeonfhEIef;(0.5)uDvdkrDwm^puefYtultnD &rnfjzpfaomaMumihf (10.7)uDvrwm^pueYf kd D omvdkayonf/ tD a uG w mrS rsm;pG m a0;aom vwDusLUrsm;rS ypfvTwfvQif urmvnfywfEIef; tultnDrsm;pGm&&Sdrnfr[kwfay/ taemuf bufodkYypfvTwfvQifum; rsm;pGmcufcJrnf[k qdonf/ k
Newton's Law of Grauitation ESihf Laws of Motion. F= Gm, m, where F is the force between objects of mass m, and m, seperated by distance R and G is the Grauitonal constant Laws of motion

pmrsufESm 27 okdY

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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jrwfAk' oufawmfxif&Sm;&SdpOf0,f jrwfAk'onf nDrl&mcef;r pnf;a0;&mcef;rjzpf aom "robif te,fe,ft&yf&yfrS pka0; a&muf&Sdvmaom &[ef;awmfrsm;tm; w&m; a[mawmfrlavh&Sdonf/ jrwfAk'\om;awmf &[ef;rsm;onf nDrl&mcef;r pnf;a0;&mjzpf aom "robif pka0;aexdi&if; jrwfpmbk&m; k f G w&m;a[m <uawmfrrlrD taMumif;t&mwpfck acgif;pOfwpfckESifhpyf aqG;aEG;ajymqdkaeMu onf r S m xH k ; pH " r w myif j zpf a eawmh o nf / wpfaeYaomtcg &[ef;awmfrsm;onf AEKv ppf o l B uD ; ES i h f Muif , mawmf r v d u mwd k Y u d k taMumif;jyK pum;vufqHkajymvdkYrukefjzpf aeMuonf/ AEKvppfolBuD;\ Muif,mawmfum; ukodemHNk rKd Uol rvrif;\orD;jzpfonf/ rvum d onf ESpfaygif;tawmfMumonhfwdkif om;orD; rxGef;um;onhftwGufaMumihf AEKvppfolBuD; onf rvdumtm; ukodemHkNrdKU ol\ rdbtdrf odkY jyefvTwfvdkufonf/ rvdumonf jrwfAk' tm; tvGeMf unfnKd aom trsKd ;orD;yDyD jrwfpm G bk&m;tm; zl;ajrmfNyD;rSom ukodemHkodkY jyefrnf [k pOf;pm;NyD; aZw0efausmif;awmfodkY oGm; a&muf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; zl;ajrmfaomtcg jrwfAk'u tusdK;taMumif;ar;awmfrlonfh twGuf AEKvppfolBuD;u rdbtdrfodkY jyefcdkif; onhftaMumif;? om;orD;rxGef;um;yJ tNrHKr jzpfaeaomaMumihjf zpfaMumif; avQmufxm;onf/ xd k t cg jrwf p G m bk & m;u rv d u mqd k c J h N yD ; taMumif;awGaMumifqvQif rdbtdroYkd rjyefEifh h kd f S awmh? AEKvqDom jyefoGm;awmh[k rdefYawmfrl

CONDITIONAL RELATIONS OF THE CAUSE OF WORLDLY PHENOMENA

"r0D&onf avmuD avmukw&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/

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y|mef;a'oem usrf;jrwfr[m
[H o m0wD OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if 6/o[Zmwyp , o[Zmwypa,mwd o[Zmwypnf;[lonfum; pwma&mav;yg;ukefaom tlydaem-emrfjzpf ukeaom? cEm-emruEmwdonf? tnrnH-tcsi;f csi;f ? o[Zmw ypa,e f Yk o[Zmw yp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ pwma&m-av;yg;ukefaom? r[mwlbm-r[mbkwf kyfwdkYonf? tnrnH tcsif;csif;? o[Zmwypa,e-o[Zmwyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum &aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ MouEduaP-cEmig;yg;&Sdukefaom ya0g[m&bHk y#doaEcP? emr lyH-y#doaEemrfcEmESihf [',0wKkyfonf? tnrnH-tcsif;csif;? o[Zm wypa,e-o[Zmwyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyK wwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ pdwapwodum-pdwfapwodufjzpfukefaom? "rm-emruEm w&m;av;yg; wdkYonf? pdwork|memeH-pdwfaMumihfjzpfukefaom? lygeH-pdwZkyf? y#doaE urZkyfwdkYtm;? o[Zmwypa,e-o[Zmwyp,owdjzihf? ypa,mOyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ r[mblwm- r[mbkwyav;yg;wdUk onf? Oyg'glygeH- O'gkywUkd tm;? o[ f k f f Zmwypa,e-o[Zmwyp,owdjzifh? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyK wwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ lydaem-kyfjzpfaom? "rm-[',0wKkyfonf? tlyDeH-emrfjzpfukefaom "rmeH-cEmig;yg;&Saom ya0gum&bHk y#doaEemruEmwdtm;? udumav d Yk d y#doaEumv? o[Zmwypa,e-o[Zmwyp,owdjzihf? ypa,mOyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ uddumav-y0wd umv? o[Zmwypa,e-o[Zmwyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum& aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? ea[mwdr-jzpfay/ 7/ tnrnyp , tnrnyp a ,mwd tnrnypnf;[lonfum;? pwma&m-av;yg;ukefaom? tlydaem- emrf jzpfukefaom? cEm-emruEmwdkYonf? tnrnypa,e-tnrn yp, owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ pwma&m-av;yg;ukefaom? r[mblwm-r[mbkwfkyfwdkYonf? tnrn ypa,e-tnrnyp,owdj zih?f ypa,mOyum&aumaus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ MouEduaP-cEmig;yg;&Sdukefaom ya0gum&bHk y#doaEcP? emrlyH y#doaEemrfcEmESifh [',0wKyonf? tnrnypa,e-tnrn yp, k f owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ o[Zmwyp a ,mwd pwma&mcEm tlydaem tnrnH o[Zmw ypa,e ypa,m/

pwma&m r[mblwm tnrnH o[Zmw ypa,e ypa,m/ MouEduaP emrlyHtnrnH o[Zmw ypa,e ypa,m/

pdwapwodum "rm pdwork|m emeHlygeH o[Zmwypa,e ypa,m/

r[mblwmOyg'gllygeH o[Zmwypa,e ypa,m lydaem "rm tlyDeH "rmeH udumav o[Zmwypa,e ypa,m? uddumave ypa,e ypa,m/

tnrnyp a ,mwd pwma&mcEm tlydaem tnrn ypa,me ypa,m/

pwma&mr[mblwm tnrn ypa,e ypa,m/

MouEduaP emrlyH tnrn ypa,e ypa,m/

CONDITIONAL RELATIONS OF THE CAUSE OF WORLDLY PHENOMENA

10

"r0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/ 8/ ed , yp , ed ,yp a ,mwd ed,ypnf;[lonfum;? pwma&m-av;yg;ukefaom? tlydaem-emrfjzpf ukefaom? cEm-emruEmwdkYonf? tnrnH-tcsif;csif;? ed, ypa,e ed,yp, owdj zih?f ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd -jzpfay\/ pwma&m-av;yg;ukefaom? r[mblwm-r[mbkwfkyfwdkYonf tnrnHtcsif;csif;? ed,ypa,e-ed,yp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum -aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ MouEduaP-cEmig;yg;&Sdukefaom ya0gum&bHk y#doaEcP? emrl yH? y#doaEemrfcEmESihf [',0wKkyfonf tnrnH-tcsif;csif; ed, ypa,e-ed,yp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwf onf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ pdwapwodum-pdwfapwodufjzpfukefaom? "rm-emruEmw&m;av;yg; wd k Y o nf ? pd w o rk | memeH - pd w f a Mumih f j zpf u k e f a om? l y geH - pd w Z k y f ? y#doaEurZkyfwdkYtm; ed,ypa,e-ed,yp, owdjzihf? ypa,m -Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ r[mblwm-r[mbkwf kyfav;yg;wdkYonf Oyg'glygeH-Oyg'gkyfwdkYtm; ed,ypa,e-ed, yp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyK wwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ pum,weH-puKyom'kyf rsufpdtMunfonf? puK0dnmP"mwk,mpjrifodpdwfpuK0dnmP"mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH-xdkjrifod pdwf puK0dnmP"mwfESihf ,SOf jzpfukefaom? "rme-apwodufw&m; wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? ed,ypa,e-ed,yp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oy um&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ aomwm,weH-aomwyom'kyf em;tMunfonf? aomw0dnmP"mwk ,mp-Mum;odpdwfaomw0dnmP"mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH xdkMum;odpdwfaomxm0dnmP"mwfESihf,SOfjzpfukefaom "rme-apw odufw&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? ed,ypa,e-ed,yp,owdjzihf ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ Cmem,weH-Cmeyom'kyf ESmacgif;tMunfonf? Cme0dnmP "mwk ,mp-eHodpdwf Cme0dnmP"mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH- xdk eHopwf Cme0dnmP"mwfEifh ,SOjzpfueaom? "rme-apwoduw&m; d d S f k f f wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? ed, ypa,e-ed,yp, owdjzihf? ypa,mOyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ Zd0Sm,weH-Zd0Smyom'kyf vQmtMunfonf? Zd0Sm0dnmP"mwk,mpvsufodpdwfZd0Sm0dnmP"mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH-xdkvsuf odpdwf Zd0Sm0dnmP"mwfESihf ,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rme-apwoduf w&m; wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? ed,ypa,e-ed,yp,owdjzihf? ypa,m? Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ um,m,weH-um,yom'kyf udk,ftMunfonf? um,0dnmP"mwk ,mp? xdodpdwfum,0dnmP"mwftm; vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeHxdkxdodpdwf um,0dnmP"mwfESihf,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rme apwoduf w&m;wdtm;vnf;aumif;? ed, ypa,e-ed,yp,owdj zih?f ypa,mYk Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/

ed ,yp a ,mwd pwma&mcEm tlydaem tnrnH ed, ypa,e ypa,m/

pwma&m r[mblwm tnrnH ed,ypa,e ypa,m/

MouEduaP emrlyH tnrnH ed,ypa,e ypa,m/

pdwapwodum "rm pdwork|meH lygeH ed, ypa,e ypa,m/

r[mblwm Oyg'glygeH ed,ypa,e ypa,m/

pum,weH puK0dnmP"mwk,m wHor,kwume "rmeH ed, ypa,e ypa,m/

aomwm,weH aomw0dnmP"mwk,m? wHor,kwume "rmeH ed, ypa,e ypa,m/

Cmem,weH Cme0dnmP "mwk,m? wHor,kwume "rmeH ed, ypa,e ypa,m/

Zd0Sm,weH Zd0Sm0dnmP"mwk,m? wHor,kwume "rmeH? ed, ypa,e ypa,m/

um,m,weH um,0dnmP"mwk,m? wHor,kwume "rmeH? ed,ypa,e ypa,m/

DHAMMA TALKS
"r0D&onf avmuNidrf;csrf;rItwGufjzpfonf/

11

vGefpGmaus;Zl;rsm;onfh wd[dwfukodkvfajrmufatmif usihfaqmifenf;

Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;
(twG J - 16? trS w f - 12 rS t quf )

vlYb0 vlcsrf;om? ewfb0 ewfcsrf;omrQudkom &nfoef awmihfwoHo&m0#f'kurS vGwf&mvGwfaMumif; edAmefudk &nfoef awmihfwjcif;? tarm[[dwfrS uif;vsuf apmihfa&Smufaqmufwnfjcif; oDv ukokdvfonf 'Gd[dwfukokdvfrnf\/ wd [ d w f u k o k d v f q d k o nf r S m jrwfpGmbk&m;udk ylaZmfqnf;uyf&mvnf; umr*kPftmHkwdkY cifrifrufarmwwfaom avmbwPSm? udavompdwfwdkYudk ruyf NidapbJ bk&m;wnf;[laom tmHkudk *kPfawmfESihfwuG? raem'Gg& xifjrifatmif yihfaqmif bk&m;wnf;[laom wpfckwnf;aom tmHk pdwuquwuxpyfNiuyfvr;f wG,apvsu?f ESpoufaom apwem? f kd kd f kd f d d S f f arwmykA*Fr? ta'go[dwfudk ,dkzdwfapvsuf? edAdEPfouf? ESpfoufylaZmfaom wd[dwfukokdvfrnfav\/ bm0emuk o k d v f o nf wd [ d w f u k o k d v f j zpf \ orx 0dyemtvkyukd tm;xkwaom yk*Kd vwonfvnf; f f f Ykd avmbwPSm udavompdwfwdkYudk ESdyfpufy,fcGmvsuf? arwmykA*Fr? edAdEPf,SOf xifjrifatmif yGm;rsm;aom bm0emukokdvfrsm;onf vnf; wd[dwfukodkvfyiftrSefjzpfonf/ r[*KwfukokdvfwdkY wd[dwf ukokdvfjzpfaMumif;rsm;udkvnf; Pfjzihf EdIif;qodoihfvSayonf/ 'd G [ d w f u k o k d v f ? wd [ d w f u k o d k v f p d w f r sm; uJoYkd jyqdtyfaom tavmb ta'go[dwEpyg;? aus;Zl; h k f S f jyKjzpfaomukokdvfpdwfonf 'Gd[dwfukokdvfpdwf? tavmb? ta'go? tarm[? [dwfoHk;yg;aus;Zl;jyKjzpfaom ukokdvfpdwfonf wd[dwf ukodkvfpdwfwdkYjzpfavonf/ odkYjzpfaMumif;udk y|mef;ygVdawmf yp, eda'ovnf;a[mawmfrlyg\. y|mef ; yp , ed a ' o ygVd a wmf ]]a[wkypa,mwd? a[wka[wk or,wumeH? "rmeH? wHork k |mem e lygeH? a[wkypa,e ypa,m}} a[wk-avmb? a'go? arm[? tavmb? ta'go? tarm [[kqtyfueaom [dwajcmufyg;ypn;f w&m;wdonf? a[wkor,w kd k f f Yk k umeH-[dwajcmufyg;taMumif;w&m;ESifh ,SOueaom "rme-yp,yef f f k f k

w&m;wd k Y t m;vnf ; aumi;f ? wH o rk | memeH - xd k [ d w f a jcmuf y g;vQif jzpfaMumif;&Sdukefaom (0g) [dwfajcmufyg;wdkYESihfwuG or,kwfw&m; wkdYaMumihfjzpfukefaom? lyge-pdwZkyf? y#doaEurZkyfwdkYtm;vnf; aumif;? a[wkypa,e-a[wkyp,owdjzihf (0g) taMumif;\tjzpf jzihf ypa,mOyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKjzpfonf? a[mwd=jzpf\/ tEkomoeDtm;jzihfum; odkYa[mawmfrlaomt&mum; a'oeur t&mjzihfom a[mawmfrljcif;jzpfonf/ tEkomoeDtm;jzihf a[mawmfrlaomt&m rSm [dwo;kH yg;aus;Zl;jyK wd[wuovenf;&atmifjyojzihf 'G[wf f d f k dk f d d ukodkvf 'Gd[dwftukokdvfwdkYvnf;? odoihfodxdkufonfjzpfaomaMumihf wd[dwfukokdvf tEkomoeDenf;udkjyqdk&rnfjzpfonf/ tEk o moeD e nf ; jzih f zG i h f q d k & S i f ; jyjcif ; a[wk-tavmb? ta'go? tarm[[kqtyfueaom [dwf kd k f oHk;yg;ypnf;w&m;wdkYonf? a[wkor,kwumeH-tavmb? ta'go? tarm[[kqtyfueaom ukov[wo;kH yg;wdEifh ,SOueaom? "rm kd k f dk f d f Yk S f k f e-Por,wpwav;ckwtm;vnf;aumif;? wHork|memeH-xd[wf k f d f Ykd k d oHk;yg;vQifjzpfaMumif;&Sdukefaom lyge-pdwZkyf? y#doaEurZkyfwdkY tm;vnf;aumif;? a[wkypa,e-a[wkyp,owdj zih?f ypa,m Oyum &aum-aus;Zl;jyKonf? a[mwd-jzpf\/ [dwfESpfyg;aus;Zl;jyKaom 'Gd[dwfukodkvfpdwfvnf;? tavm b? ta'go[dwEpyg;udk 0daooxkw teufa,mZem/ avmb[dwf f S f f ESifh arm[[dwaus;Zl;jyKaom avmbrlpwjf zpf&mvnf;aumif;? a'go f d [dwfESihf arm[[dwfaus;Zl;jyKaom a'gorlpdwfjzpf&mvnf;aumif;? xdkufoihfonhftm;avsmfpGm teufa,mZemjcif;udk jyKtyf\/ wd [ d w f u k o k d v f u d k 0d a oojyKjcif ; t&mum; [dwfoHk;yg; aus;Zl;jyKaom wd[dwfukokdvfudk ar;aom t&mjzpf wd[dwfukokdvfudkom 0daoojyK teufa,m Zemjcif;udkjyKvdkuf&ayownf;/ onfvQif? vlwdkYukokdvfjyKaomtcg wd[dwfukodkvfjzpf atmif ukokdvfjyKenf;udkar;jref;pl;prf;aom ykpm\ tajzudkazmfjyajz qdkvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/ ]]oA'geH "r'geH Zdemwd}} Nidrf;csrf;OD;

,HlyHedm, raem"mwkp? raem0dnmP"mwkp 0wEd? wHlyH raem"mwk,mp raem0dnmP "mwk,mp wHor,kw ume "rmeH? ed,ypa,e ypa,m/

,HlyH-tMuif[',0wKkyfudk? edm,-trSDjyK? raem"mwkp-tmHkudk rQowwfaompdwf raem"mwfonfvnf;aumif;? raem0dnmP"mwkptmHk d udk txl;odwwfaompdwf raem0dnmP"mwf onfvnf;aumif;? 0uEdjzpfukef\/ wHly-xdk[',0wKkyfonf? raem"mwk,mp-tmHkudkodHkrQ odwwfaom pdwfraem"wftm;vnf;aumif;? raem0dnmP "mwk,mptmHkudktxl;odwwfaom pdwfraem0dnmP "mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH-xdkraem"mwf raem0dnmP"mwfESihf ,SOfjzpfukefaom "rme- apwodufw&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? ed, ypa,e- ed, yp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf a[mwd-jzpfay\/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

DHAMMA TALKS

12

"r0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

Ak'vufxufawmfu qGrf;pOftaMumif; waphwapmif;

cif a rmif r d k ; (awmif B uD ; ) Ak'vufxufawmfESifh oD[kd|facwf wdkYwGif bkef;awmfBuD;ausmif;wkdufrsm; &[ef;? omraP pm&if;tpOf&Sdonf/ qGrf;yifhvSL'gef; aomf tqkdygoHCmpm&if;rSus&mpm&if; tpOftwkdif; qGrf;yifhvmoltm; ulnDnTef;qkd&onfh qGrf;nTef;&[ef;awmfu yk*Kdvf? yk*KdvfwkdY\ tvSnfhusonf[k nTef;jy&\/ qG r f ; tpOf 'gejyKMuyk H xk d q G r f ; nT e f ; &[ef ; awmf n T e f j yaom &[ef ; pm&if ; rS tpOf t vS n f h u s&m &[ef ; (1)yg;? (2)yg;? (3)yg;? (5)yg; ponf w k d Y o nf oHCmhukd,fpm;jzpfMu vSL'gef;olqGrf;'g,um 'g,dumrwkdYtzkdYrSmvnf; oHCdu'gejzpfojzifh vGefpGmtusdK;rsm;vS\/ okdY qGrf;twGuftpOfus&myk*Kdvf wkdYtm; vSL'gef;aomqGrf;ukd qGrf;tpOf'ge? okdYr[kwf? qGrf;pOf[k a0g[m&jyK ac:qkdowfrSwf Muavonf/ b0wpfyg;ajymif;oGm;olwkdYtwGuf vnf; qGrf;pOftvSLukdvSLMu&ojzifh &ufvnf vvnf? ESpfvnf? tcsdeftcgponfwkdY vSLaom qGrf;ukdvnf; qGrf;pOf[kyif a&S;uokH;EIef;ac:qkd cJhMuavonf/ ,ck u mv yif h v k d & myif h vS L Muonf ,ckacwfumv vSL'gef;&eftwGuf oHCmtpOfr[kwf? rdrdyifhvkd&myifhvSLMuaomfvnf; qGrf;pOf[kom wGifaeqJjzpfygonf/ onfwkdYum; qGrf;pOftaMumif;? waphwapmif;avhvmwifjyjcif;jzpfygonf/ oyd w f o G y f q G r f ; pOf b0wpfyg; ajymif;oGm;MuolwkdYtwGuf txl;&nfpl; oydwfxJokdY qGrf;xnfh vSL'gef;jcif;ukd oydwfoGyfonf[k a0g[m&jyKac:qkdMu ygonf/ odkYvSL'gef;&m oydwfxJokdY qGrf;rsm; wnfh vSL'gef;Muvifhupm; tNcHt&HvSLzG,f 0wKypnf;rsm;jzpfonfh [if;rsm;? cJzG,frkefYrsm;? toD;tESHpm;zG,frsm;? ouFef;ponfwkdYvnf; yg0ifavonf/ b0wpf y g;ajymif ; oG m ;ol t usd K ;w&m; vuf i if ; 'd | &Ek d i f a omb0 b0wpfyg;ajymif;oGm;(uG,fvGef) olwkdYtwGuf txl;&nfnTef; qGrf;pOfvSL'gef; trQay;a0&m tvSLjzpfaomaMumifh qGrf;pOf tvSLonf? y&'wKy ZD0duNydwmESifhom oufqkdifygonf/ xkdYaMumifh b0wpfyg;ajymif;oGm;uG,fvGefol? qGrf;pOfESifhpyf vufawGUvufiif; 'd|"rtusKd ;w&m;&&Sd Eki&eftwGuf vktyfaomb0um; y&'wKy ZD0uNywmjzpfaerSom tvSL'gejyKvyjf cif; tusKd ;w&m;ukd &&SEirnfjzpfygonf/ d f d d d k d dk f xkdy&'wKy ZD0duNydwmb0odkY rusa&mufygu ,ckjyKay;Muaom tvSL\tusdK;ukdr&Ekdif[kqkdygonf/ qG r f ; oG y f q G r f ; pOf t vS L \ vuf i if ; tusd K ;&apaom? ta&;BuD ; aom taMumif ; t*F g (3)yg; (1) b0wpfyg;ajymif;oGm;uG,fvGefoltwGuf txl;&nfpl;NyD;vSL'gef;jcif;/ (2) tvSLcHyk*Kdvfonf oDv*kPfESifhjynfhpkHjcif;/ (3) b0wpfyg;ajymif;oGm;olu 0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;om om"kac:jcif;/ t*Fg(3)yg;wkdYESifh nDnTwfvQif b0 wpfyg; ajymif;oGm;uG,fvGefoltwGuf vufawGU vufiif;'d|"rtusdK;xl;&apEkdifrnfjzpfygonf/ aywmeO d tw a em? tEk a rm'aee 'g,umeH / O'd o aee 'ud a P,s? or w d C m pmwd wD [ d / ta*F [ d 'u d P m wcF P an0? zved y w d u m a[mwd / (ck'u? |? 176? ayw? |? 25) wpf e nf ; t*F g (4)yg; qGrf;oGyfqGrf;pOftvSLrsdK;wkdY b0 wpfyg;ajymif;oGm;uG,fvGefol\ usef&pfolyk*Kdvf tvSL&SifwkdYukd,fwkdifu trQay;a0jcif;[laom t*Fgwpfyg; aemufxyftxl;yg0ifoifhygonf/ (u) wda&mukokwfyg|dawmf trQay;a0jcif; udk a[mawmfrlygonf/ (c) if;yg|dawmft|uxm Adrdom&rif;onf if;\aqGrsdK;a[mif; Nydwmajcmufaomif;wkdYtm; trQay;a0aMumif;qkdygonf/ (*) ukokdvf 10 rsdK;wkdYwGif ywd'geywmEkarm'e [k wGJzuf vm&Sdygonf/ xkdYaMumifh qGrf;oGyfqGrf;pOftvSL'ge jhyKMu&m0,f trQay;a0jcif;t*Fgudkygvkdtyfygonf/ okdYkjzpf txufygt*FgokH;yg;wGif tvSL&Sifusef&pfolyk*KdvfwkdYu ukd,fwkdiftrQay;a0jcif;t*Fgwpfyg;xyfaqmif;ygu qGrf;oGyf qGrf;pOftvSL ta&;BuD;aom taMumif;t*Fg (4)yg; yg&Sdonf[k rSwf,lMu&efjzpfygonf/ txl ; rS w f o m;oif h a om tcsuf B uD ; rsm; xkdtvSLyGJ t*Fg(4)yg;&Sd&mwGif wpfyg;yg;cRwf,Gif;ygu vkdtyfaomtusdK;rNyD; Ekdifyg/ uG,fvGefoltwGuf &nf&G,fygaomfvnf; trQray;a0aomf? ay;a0ygaomfvnf; om"k rac:&aomf rac:Ekdifaomf? trQa0 om"kac: aomfvnf; tvSLcHyk*dKvfu oDvr&Sdaomf tusdK;vkH;0rNyD;pD;Ekdifyg/

DHAMMA TALKS
"r0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

13

rSwfzG,ftoG,foG,f oum,'d|dESpfq,f
oD w mOD ; (jref r mpm) oum,'d|\teuft"dyg ,fEiwuG oum,'d|d tjym;(20) d S fh wdkYtjyif kyfoum,jzpfMuyHkwdkYudk Oyrmrsm;jzihfazmfjyay;vdkonfh aqmif;yg;jzpfygonf/ ou m ,'d | d q d k o nf r S m oaEmuma,mouma,m/ oaEm-y&rwtm;jzihf xif&Sm; &Sdaom uma,m-kyfemrftaygif;jzpfonf/ ouma,m-y&rwtm;jzihf xif&Sm;&Sdaom kyfemrftaygif;wdkYjzpfonf/ ouma, y0wm'd|d oum,'d|d/ ouma,-y&rwtm;jzihf xif&Sm;&Sdaom kyfemrftaygif;wdkY y0wm-tajccHjzpfaom? 'd|d-taygif;j'yfudkI tw[kvnf; aumif;? twed,[kvnf;aumif;? tjrifrSm;jcif;jzpfonf/ oum,'d|d-y&rwtm;jzihfxif&Sm;&Sdaom kyfemrftaygif;wdkY tw? twed,[ktjrifrSm;jcif;/ y&rwtppfjzpfaom kyfemrft tay:? y&rwtm;jzihf? xif&Sm;r&Sdaom tw[k,lqrSm;,Gif;jcif;udk oum,'d|d[kqdkavonf/ ig? olwpfyg;? a,musfm;? rdef;r? vl? ewf? ow0g? yk*dKvf[k xifaom 'd|dudkqdkvdkonf/ ou m ,'d | d t jym;(20) kyf'd|dav;yg;jzpfyHk (1) lyHtwawm ywd/ kyfudktw[k I\? (2) ly0EH 0g twmeH ywd/ twudk kyf&Sd\[k I\? (3) twed 0g lyHywd/ twkyfudkI\? (4) lyod H0g twmeH ywd/ kyftwudkI\? aygif; kyftw'd|dav;yg;jzpfonf? kyfrS<uif;aom? a0'emuEm? onmuEm? ocFg&uEm? 0dnmPuEmwdkYvnf;? enf;twdkif; wpfrsKd;av;yg;pDjzpf\/ xdaMumihf aygif;-oum,'d|wnf;[laom tw'|(4_5=20) Yk d d d ESpfq,fjzpfavonf/ l y u E ? ou m ,? av;0'd | d w nf ; kyfudk tw? kyfuigY[m? igYrSmkyf&Sd/ kyfig&Sd? 'd|dav;jzm? kyfrSmwnf;/ kyfudktw? pGJ,lMu? wpf0'd|dwnf;/ kyfonfigY[m? pGJ,lwm? rSwfyg'd|dwnf;/ igYkyf&Sd? pGJ,lbd? 'd|dtrSm;wnf;/ kyfig&Sd? pGJ,lbd? 'd|djzpfownf;/ lyuE? oum,? av;0'd|dwnf;/ k y f ' d | d j zpf y H k a v;rsKd ; Oyrm (1) tpd0P P =rD;awmufEita&mifutwljyKouJoYkd kyEitw S fh kd h f S fh udktwljyK ,lrSm;onf/ (lyHtwawm ywd) (2) kuqm,m =t&dyf&Sdaom opfyif? opfyif\ t&dyf[kqdkouJh odkY kyf&Sdaomig? ig\ kyf[k oH+omrDtjzpf,lrSm;\/ (ly0EH twmeH) (3) yef;rSmeHY&Sd = yef;udkrSDteHYwnfouJhokdY twudkrSD kyfwnf ae&onf/ trmcHtwr&SdvQif kyfoufoufrwnfEkdif/ (twedlyH) (4) MuKwfxnhfywjrm; ywjrm;onfMuKwfxJrSm atmif;aeouJhodkY twonf kyfxJ rSm cdkatmif;aeonf/ (lyod H tweH) tpd0P? kuqm,m? yef;rSmeHY&Sd? MuKwfxnhfywjrm;? av;yg; rSwfom; 'd|d? Oyrmwnf;/ oD w mOD ; (jref r mpm)

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DHAMMA DEW

14

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"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ rjrnfaom &xm;rnfw,f/ &Sujf cif;aMumufjcif; [d&MD owyonf t&d,mr*fwnf;[laom &xm;\ trSwuJ rnfw,f/ atmufarhjcif;owdonf t&d,mr*fwnf; D H [laom &xm;\tumt&Hrnfw,f/ aumif;aomtjrif orm'd|vQif a&SUoGm;&Saomw&m;udk &xm; d d rSL; [l qdkygw,f/ rnfolrqdk odkYaom,mOfjzihf pD;ESif;armif;ckwfoGm;ygu edAmefudk {uefa&mufEdkifw,f}} [k a[mawmfrlw,f/ omreewf o m; aomwmyef j zpf j cif ; jrwfpGmbk&m;w&m;a[mMum;awmfrlaom a'oemtqHk;wGif orPewfom;onf aomwmyeftjzpfodkY a&mufoGm;&w,f/ orPewfom;0wKudk pDppfMunhfrdaomtcg &[ef;awmf b0 "rujkd yif;jyif;xefxeftm;xkwjf cif;onf t&[wzvayguf edAmef kd f rsufarSmufjyKvdkaomqkudkom yefqifxm;ygw,f/ ol \ yef q if r I [ m'geudkyefqif vlewfcsrf;omr[kwf/ oDvudkyefqif vlewfusef;rm touf&SnfMumzdkYr[kwf/ psmeudkyefqif jA[jynfcsrf;omr[kwf/ Pudkyefqif r*fzdkvfedAmefcsrf;omjzpfw,f/ tu,fom vlewfjA[mcsr;f omavmufom yefqifrnfqyg kd u b0'kurS vGwfajrmufrnfr[kwf/ vlwpfO;D wpfa,muf\ yefqifr[mvnf; b0twGu?f oHo&m I twGuf ta&;BuD;vS\/ y"meMu\/ usih f p Of " r t ajcuscJ h v d k Y o m omrPewfom;onf &[ef;b0 w&m;usifhpOfumvu cEm jzpfpOf owdyrZOfjzihf tusihfpifMu,fusihfcJh&mwGif kyfemrfobm0udk ydif;jcm;odaom emrly y&dap'Pf? taMumif;tusKd ; taumif;tqd;k k wdkYudkodaom yp,y&d*[Pfjzpfay: plVaomwmyeftqifhodkY wufcGihfom &cJhonf/ aovQif t yg,f r vm; plVaomwmyeftqihfjzihf tusihfudk tcGifhomwdkif; ESvHk;oGif; jyif;jyif;xefxeftm;xkwcjhJ cif;aMumifh ewfjynfoa&mufc&w,f/ ok*wd f Ykd hJ b0aumif;ajymif;cJh&w,f/ 'k*wdb0rS vGwfcJh&w,f/ 'guawmh plV aomwmyefonf aovQif tyg,frvm;[laom om"uwpf&yfjzpf w,f/ eE 0 ef a wmrS m umraZm&ruf a wG e J Y tu,fom orPewfom;[m ewfjynfb0udk qkawmif; yefqifcJhygu ewforD;wdkYtMum; zGm;ueJay:ayguf pdwfaemufudk,fyg ewfa'0g arunmwdkYjzihf eE0efawmrSm umraZm&rufawGeJY aysmfysuf aeay&m\/ ukovuajrmufyih ewfjynftqihjf rihc&Ny;D ukovuuef kd f H f f hJ kd f H k vdkY jyefpkef&wJhtcg tukodkvfuH pDrHjcif;cH&ygu tyg,fav;0 a&muf& onhf om"utrsm;yif&Sdygw,f/ ]]uH u k e f v Qif atmuf b H k o d k Y } } Oudwm yknawaZe? umrly *wd H*xm/ b0*wH yd orwm? yke *pEd 'k*wd H/ (0d b if ; )

15

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DHAMMA DEW

16

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TALK ON THE DHAMMA

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17

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TALKS ON THE DHAMMA

18

"r0D&onf rsKd;quftwGuf jzpfonf/ ajymvkdufwmvdkY qdkEdkifygw,f/ wwd , pum;&J U t"d y m ,f wwd,pum;uawmh ajymcJhNyD;wmawGudk cdkifNrJoGm;atmif xyfqifhowday;wJhoabmyg/ &cJwJht&mudk ckdifNrJatmif BudK;pm;odrf; qnf;xm;ygwJh/ o'gw&m;awGjzpfatmifvkyfyg/ jzpfNyD;wJho'gw&m;udk rysufpD;atmif xdef;odrf;ygvdkY qdkvdkygw,f/ [kwfwmyJ/ o'gw&m;ysufpD;oGm;NyDqdk&if o'g&SdrSvkyfvdkY&wJh tvkytm;vH;k rvkyjf zpfawmhb;l / rvkyjf zpfwtcg tvky&UJ tusKd ;&vmbf f hJ f aumif;awGvnf; r&Edkifawmhygbl;/ vlYjynfewfxH ta&mufjyefzdkYqdkwm a0;a&m/ edAmefr*fzvqwm a0;onfxufa0;Nyayhg/ tJ'vra0;&atmif kd f kd D D kd ,HkMunfcsufudk cdkifNrJatmifxm;ygvdkY xyfqihfrSmvdkufwmyg/ ra&&mraocsmwJ h b 0 ewfawGaocgeD;rSm ajymwJtwdi;f ewfaowdi;f vljY ynfom;vdYk h k k G &ovm;qdkwmudk pOf;pm;rdw,f/ 'g[mpOf;pm;p&myg/ ow0gwdkY&JU vm;&m*wdqdkwm tnmua<uusoGm;wJh a&mf&Guf0gav;rsm;vdkygyJ/ b,fae&musa&mufr,fqwm twdtusajymzdcufvygw,f/ tJ'twdi;f kd Yk S D k ygyJ? ewfaoNy;D wdi;f vljzpfr,fqwm twdtusrajymEdiygbl;/ 'gayr,fh k kd k f vnf; jzpfzdkY? rjzpfzdkYudk tomxm;vdkY jzpfcsif&mudkyJ a&SUwef;wifwm[m ykxkZOfwdkY&JU obm0yJav/ vl Y t jzpf u d k vG , f v G , f e J Y r &Ed k i f wu,fawmh ykxkZOfrSeforQ vljzpfap? ewfjzpfap? jA[mjzpf ap ]]touftem? csetcg? pGe&mvm;*wd}} qdwhJ 'D (5) rsKd ;udk yHaorod d f Yf k k Edkifwmuawmh taotcsmygyJ/ 'gaMumifhyJ ]] jA[mhjynfrSm wpf0if;0if;? 0ufpm;usif;rSm wpfIwfIwf}} qkdwJh jzpf&yfpum;wpfckwGifusefcJh&wm yg/ ewfjA[mBuD;b0uaoNyD; wd&pmefb0vnf; a&mufEdkifw,fav/ ewfaoNyD; vlYjynfvlYb0a&mufzdkYqdkwmu a&mufcsifwJhqEudkajymwm yg/ a&mufzdkYuawmh uHtwdkif;tcGihf? &eftdkif;awGvGifhrS jzpfvmrSmyg/ vlYtjzpfudk vG,fvG,feJYr&Edkifygbl;/ ravmif N rd K uf c if Bud K wif u muG , f E d k i f r S vlb0&zdc,Of;w,fvYkd jrwfA'rew,f/ cJ,Of;vSwhJ vlb0udk Y Yk J k d Yf Y &aewkef;rSm vkyfoifhyg&ufeJY rvkyfrdyJ? rvkyfoihfwmawGudk vkyfaerd&if aemifwtylavmifNrKd uc&wwfygw,f/ rjrif&wJr;D [m tNir;f &tawmf f H h d cuf w ,f / ravmif N rd K uf c if Bud K wif u muG , f w m;qD ; rI u omvQif taumif;qHk;jzpfygw,f/ uyjrwfpGmbk&m;vufxufwkef;u ESpfaygif;ESpfaomif;wd wd w&m;bm0emeJY aevmcJhwJh &[ef;awmfwpfyg;[m a*gwrjrwfpGm bk&m;vufxufrm e*g;Bu;D jzpfaeygw,f/ ukuK p aemifwawGeYJ aoqH;k S cJ&vdYk t[dww&pmefb0 a&mufom;&wmyg/ rajymyavmufwhJ tjypf h f d G uav;wpfckudk ]]tcsdefrD}} rukpm;rdcJhvdkY b0oHo&mrSm qif;&JwGif;euf oGm;wmyg/ tjypf u av;ud k tcsd e f r D r uk p m;Ed k i f c J h v d k Y tJ'&[ef;awmfav;&JUtjypfu 'Dvyg/ avSp;D Ny;D urf;wpfzuf D kd ul;aewkef; avSapmif;oGm;vdkYvefYNyD;qGJrdqGJ&m qGJvkdufrdw,f/ a&xJrSm &SdwJh ydef;&GufoGm;qGJrd&mu ydef;&GufjywfoGm;w,f/ 'Dtjypfuav;udk ]]tcser}D } rukpm;yJ arharhaysmufaysmufaecJygw,f/ ysveawmfrcgeD;rS d f h H G f l 'DtaMumif;t&mawGu wpfa&;a&;ay:vmw,f/ tjcm;bmrQ tnpf tpGe;f r&Sygbl;/ tJ'upav;yJ &Saewmudo&if;eJU ysveawmfrom;awmh? d D d d k d H G f l G wd&pmefb0 a&mufoGm;&w,f/ tjypfuav;udk ]]tcsdefrD}} rukpm;Edkif wJh qdk;usdK;awGjzpfygw,f/

u aoqHk;oGm;&if vlYjynfudka&mufzdkY awmifhwMu? arQmfvihfMuw,f/ a&mufcsifMuygw,f/ ewf a wG u bmaMumif h r sm; vl Y b 0ud k & csif M uovJ 'Dae&mrSm pOf;pm;p&maumif;wJhtcsuf&Sdw,f/ ewfawGu vlYjynf? vlYb0udk ]]bmaMumifhrsm; a&mufcsif&wmvJ/ bmaMumifhrsm; 'Dbb0udk &csiwmvJ/}} pOf;pm;vduwtcg obm0,kwtaeeJjY zpfap? kH f k f hJ d tm*r,kwdtaeeJYjzpfap 'Dvdkav;awGoGm;awGUygw,f/ bk & m;tql q l vl Y j ynf r S m yG i f h w ,f **Fg0gVKoJpkru yGihfawmfrloGm;MuwJh bk&m;tqlqlwdkY[m 'D vlYjynfrSmyJyGifhw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;eJYywfouforQ omoemhtarGtESpf awG udk vlYjynfrSm trsm;qHk;&Edkifw,f/ ausmif;aqmuf? odrfaqmufvSLrvm;/ &[ef;cH &SifjyK? uxdef cif;? bk&m;wnfrvm;/ vrf;cif; wHwm;aqmufrvm;/ w&m;tm;xkwf rvm;? w&m;emrvm;/ rdrvycsiwomoemhvyief;udpt00vkycsi&if d k f f hJ k f f f vkyfcsifoavmuf vlYjynfrSm &Edkifw,f/ y#d l y a'o0gopuf vl Y j ynf r S m yJ & S d w ,f a&S;a&S;jrwfpGmbk&m;awG[m vlYjynfrSmyGifhawmfrloGm;Muovdk aemufaemufyGifhawmfrlrJh jrwfpGmbk&m;rsm;vnf; vlYjynfrSmyJyGifhrSmjzpfyg w,f/ omoemawmfBuD;eJY ywfoufNyD; y#dlya'o0go pufBuD;[m vlYjynfvlYXmeBuD;jzpfaew,f/ vrf ; qH k v rf ; r vrf ; av;cG a e&mXmeBuD ; aemufwpfctaeeJMY unhjf yefawmh vljY ynfvavmuqdwm uH k Yl k Pf 0D&d, oHk;rsdK;vHk; toHk;cs&wJhae&mBuD;vnf;jzpfwmawGU&w,f/ 'DoHk;rsdK;udkoHk;NyD; a&mufEdkifcGifh&SdwJh ae&mtm;vHk;udk a&mufEdkifw,f/ uH Pf 0D&d,udk toHk;csNyD; ewfjynfudk a&mufcsifovm;/ vlYjynfudk a&mufcsiovm;/ jA[mjh ynfua&mufcsiovm;/ aomwmywr*fPf f kd f d zdvPfukd &csiovm;/ &[EmjzpftjzpfeYJ at;csr;f vSweAmefwpfzuf k f f hJ d urf;udk ul;csiovm;/ vkyv& oGm;vda&mufwhJ vrf;qHvrf;r ae&mXme f f Ykd Yk k BuD;vnf; jzpfaeygw,f/ ta[mif ; tusd K ;tyJ h a wG o H k ; aqmif & m bH k X meBuD ; ewfjynfvkd ae&mXmeusawmh ta[mif;ta[mif;wd&UJ tusKd ; Yk awGudkyJ oHk;aqmifpm;oHk;&mXmeBuD;jzpfNyD; topftopfaumif;rIawG jyKvkyfzdkYcufcJaewwfygw,f/ topfukodkvfqdkwm r&Sdoavmuf&Sm;yg w,f/ ta[mif;ukovueq;kH wmeJY olw&UJ b0 qH;k awmhwmygyJ/ tm;eJY kd f k f Ykd ypfvTwfvkdufwJh cJuav;[m vTJypftm;ukefoGm;wJhtcg atmufjyefus &ovdkygyJ/ 'k w d , pum;&J U t"d y m ,f &cJvSwJht&m0wKudk &atmifBudK;pm;ygqdkwm o'gw&m;&Sd atmifvkyfygvdkY ajymvdkufwmyg/ ,H k M unf r I o ' g omvQif tc&musw,f / o'gqdkwm ,HkMunfrIyg/ ,HkMunfrIryg&if bmrQvkyfjzpfrSm r[kwygbl;/ ,HMk unfr[m vufeww,f/ vufet&mudptm;vH;k eD;yg; f I YJ l YJ udk jyKvkyfpGrf;aqmifEdkifovdk? ,HkMunfcsuf&Sd&ifvnf; t&mudptm;vHk; eD;yg;avmufNyD;ajrmufapEdkifygw,f/ o'gw&m;tajccH&aeNyqrawmh i&J? wd&pmef? Nywm? tol& dS D kd S d um,fqwhJ 'k*wbb0awGukd a&muf&ma&mufaMumif; tvkyrsm; a&Smif kd d kH f uGi;f Ny;D vlb?kH ewfba&muf&ma&mufaMumif;tvkyawG vkyjf zpfawmhrm Y kH f S ygyJ/ 'DtcgrSm ewfjynf (odkYr[kwf) vlYjynfudk jyefa&mufvmEdkifygw,f/ ]]rif; 'Dewfjynfudk jyefvmcJhawmha[h}} qdkwJhpum;udk oG,f0dkufwJhtaeeJY

MEDITATING IN A PEACEFUL ALL-WOMAN ENVIRONMENT

"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ aemuf a usmzk H ; rS jzihf rdrd\&nfrSef;csufwpf&yftwGuf aygufajrmufatmifazmfaqmifEdkif &ef wpfOD;wpfa,mufwnf; pGefYpm;vIyf&Sm;cJhavonf/ ,aeYumvodkYa&muf&SdvmaomtcsdefwGif? tqdkyg"rom& oDv&Sifawm&ausmif;\todkuft0ef;wdkYrSm wpfaeYwpfjcm;wdk;wuf pnfum;vmonhftavsmuf? oDv&Sifq&mBuD;av;yg; (wpfcgwpf&HwGif ig;yg;) wdkYESihf oHk;a,mufaomtem*g&duyk*dKvf (t*Fg&Spfyg;wdkYESifh jynhfpHk aom usihf0wfoDvudk tNrJrjywfapmifhxdef;onhf olawmfpifaumif;) rsm; tygt0if? ,if;awm&ausmif;odvma&mufavhvmvnfywfMuaom Yk OD;a& yHrer[kw?f tenf;trsm;twuftus&onhf {nhy&dowfrsm;jzihf k S f dS f pdkpdkjynfjynf&SdvmcJhayonf/
With the helping hand (literally) lent by lay supporters, road, kutis (huts), a central multi-purpose building and other infrastructures have been built.

19

rsm;ESihf vdkufavsmnDaxGjzpfaprnhf? obm0tavsmuf oefY&Sif;oefYjyefY aom ajrjyifESihftcsdK;nDpGm o'gw&m;xufoefpGm wm0efododjzihf vSL'gef;wnfaqmufMuonhf awm&ausmif;rsm;jzihf tpDt&D omawmifh om,m&Sdaeapayonf/
Walking on the dirt paths, one can hear the sounds of bird calls and mysterious animals rustling in the bush. Less mysterious are the kangaroos that scamper around the grounds and sometime come brazenly close- especially in the kichen area in search of scraps.

wdwusus xnh0ifunay;vSLMuonhf tvSL&Siomrefjynfol d f l D f rsm;\taxmuftyHhaiGaMu;Opmypnf;rsm;jzihf? if;oDv&Sifawm& ausmif;wkdufBuD;twGif; trSefwu,fvdktyfvsuf&Sdaom vrf;rsm;cif; usif;jcif;? ulwD;pf[kac:qdkMuaom ,m,DwJi,frsm;aqmufvkyfjcif;ESifh bufp0efaqmifrrsm;ay;&m A[dtaqmufttHBk u;D ESiwuG? tjcm;aom kH I k fh tajccHtaqmuftODrsm;udkyg wnfaqmufEdkifcJhMuavonf/
However, the vast majority of the sprawling almost sixhectare property has been conscientiously preserved in its pristine natural condition as befits a forest monastery.

&TUH GAuawmxaeaom awmwGi;f vlom;vrf;aMumif;uav; H G f G rsm;ay: avQmufvSrf;oGm;aeonhftckdufwGif vrf;ab;0J,m0ef;usif wpf0dkuf&Sd tudkif;tcuft&GuftEG,fwdkY axG;,Sufaygufa&mufaeMu aom csHKykwfu;av;rsm;xJrS usnfusnfusmusm wDwDwsmwsmjzihf em;vnf&cufcaom awmaus;iSuw&pmefuav;rsm;\ oDqjkd rnfusL; J f d aeoHrsdK;pHkwdkYudk Mum;EdkifMuayonf/ xdjYk yif odem;vnf&cufaom om;yduaumifuav;rsm;wdonf k f Yk vnf; ajrjyifwpfcGifwpfjyifwGif [dkrSonfjrL;xl;vIyf&Sm;Muvsuf aqmh upm;oefaom uav;wpfa,mufvkd vsijf refpmajy;vTm;aeMuayonf/ G wpfcgwpf&wif vlaetdrrsm;teD;wpf0uqoYkd twif&pm csO;f uyfvm H G f kd f D h J G Muvsuf? rD;zdkacsmifteD;tem;wpf0dkuf vlwdkYpGefYypfxm;Muaom pm;<uif;pm;usefrsm;udk trdIufodkufrsm;xJ NzJ&J&SmazGum pm;aomuf aeMuavh&Sdavonf/
Meanwhile, the widely- spaced kutis are surrounded by the dense greenery of towering trees and spiky Australian grass plants, Simply being immersed in the natural atmosphere magically brings the mind to peace.

odkY&mwGif NrdKU&GmqifajczHk;txd jyefYESHYaeonhf taqmuftOD rsm;jzihf zHk;vTrf;aeaom oDv&Sifawm&ausmif;rS ydkifqdkifxm;onhf ajcmuf[ufwmcefY&Sdaom ajrjyifus,fBuD;ay:wGif t&n0goDawm& aqmufwnfMurnhf oDv&Sirsm; oDwif;oH;k aexdi&m awm&ausmif;ocFr;f f k f tcsd e f r D E d k i f M uzd k Y ta&;BuD ; w,f omoemhorkdif;rSm emrnfausmfvlqdk;BuD; t[d Hou[m ]]tcser}D } oGm;oljzpfygw,f/ tarudowfzYkd vkuaewke;f jrwfA'< uvm d f k d f k awmh tarudkrowfjzpfawmhygbl;/ tu,fom tJ'DtcsdefrSm jrwfAk' om <urvmbl;qkd&if t[d Hou[m tarudkowfrdygvdhrfr,f/ tJ'Dvdk qdk&if ]]t*kFvdrmv &[Emt&SifjrwfBuD;}} qkdwm jzpfrvmrSmaocsmyg w,f/ jrwfAk'qdkwJholawmfolrGefBuD; ]]tcsdefrD}} <ua&mufvmwm aMumihf t[d Hou[m r*fvrf;zdkvfvrf;awGyGifhoGm;&jcif;jzpfygw,f/ aumif ; rI r aumif ; rI t csd e f r D E d k i f z d k Y y J vd k w ,f raumif;rIvyief;awGukd rjyKvyjf zpfatmif ]]tcser}D } wm;qD; k f k d f umuG,EizYkd vdtyfovd?k aumif;rIvyief;awGuusawmh jrefjrefjyKvyf f kd f k k f kd k jzpfatmif ]]tcsdefrD}} aphaqmfwdkufwGef;EkdifzdkY txl;yJvdktyfvSygw,f/ tvkywpfcukd ]]tcser}D } vkyjf zpfr?S ]]tcser}D } tusKd ;ay;rSmyg/ f k d f d f 'gaMumifhyJ jrwfAk'u ]]umave 'geHa'wd-tcsdeftcgrD ay;vSLyg}} vdkY rdefYwmjzpfygw,f/ t&G,f&Sdwkef; oHk;p&mawGaygrsm;aewm raumif;bl; vm;/ pm;Edkifwkef; pm;p&mawGaygrsm;ae&if raumif;lbl;vm;/ oHk;Edkif? pm;Edkifwkef;tcsdefrSm oHk;p&m? pm;p&mawG ]]tcsdefrD}} &aezdkYtwGuf vkyfoifhvkyfxdkufwmawGudkvnf; ]]tcsdefrD}} vkyfjzpfae&rSmjzpfygw,f/ ]]vl w k d i f ; tcsd e f r D M uygap}} t&S i f t * 0 H o (csrf ; ajrU)

tjcm;wpfckrSmvnf; ae&mtESHYjyefYusJpGm wnfaeMuaom ulw;D pfac: ,m,Dwi,fuav;rsm;rSm tNrrjywfvr;f NcKH z;kH tkyxm;onhf J J T f aeajymufyifrxdk;azmufEdkifavmufatmif xlxyfodyfonf;pGmayguf a&mufaeonhf tvGeBf u;D rm;jrihrm;rwfapmufaom tpdr;f a&mifopfyif f BuD;rsm;atmufESihf MopaMw;vsjrufdkif;yif&SnfBuD;rsm;tMum; jywf0yf wnfaeMu&avonf/ obm0tavsmufjzpfwnfaeaom 0ef;usiftaetxm;wdkY t& dk;pif;eufdIif;onhftoGifoPmefrsm;xJrS *rD&jzpf&yfqefqef jzpfwnfrIedrdwfyHkrsm;onf w&m;"rusihfoHk;aqmufwnfaeMuaom "r a,m*Drsm;\pdwfudk wu,hfppfrSefaom Nidrf;at;csrf;omrItqifhqDodkY aqmifusOf;ay;aeayawmhonf/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) "r 0 D & oE m tjynf j ynf q d k i f & m ax&0g'Ak ' o moemjyK wuodkvf? &efukef/

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

20

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u

v,fwDq&ma

The Ledi Dham

D d v,fweAmefw

a&;om;jyKp

MAHA THERA L
(edAme'DyeD)
(,cif t ywf r S t quf )
(Contunue from last week)

(Nibban Dipani

,cktcg 0dwm&u@jzpfaom 'kwd,u@udk jyqdktHh/ xdkxdk ygVdawmfwdkYedAKwm? y&dedAKwm? edAKawm? y&dedAKawm? edAKwd? y&dedAKwd? edAm,D? y&dedAm,D? edAmwd? edAm,wd? edAEd? edAm,Ed ponfjzihvmaom t&mwd xdy'w\ tEGwonf Nir;f jcif; f Yk k k f Ykd d [laom edAmefyifwnf;/ xdkYaMumihf xdkyk'fwdkYESifhvmaom edAmef? ed A m eo' g ? y&d e d A m eo' g wd k Y E S i h f v maom ed A m ef ? t&yf & yf a om edAmefwdkYudkaygif;pk 0dwm&u@jzpfaom 'kwd,u@ jyvwHU/ edAmefonf1/ rdpm'd|dedAmef? 2/ orKwdedAmef? 3/ w'*FedAmef? 4/ 0dureedAmef? 5/ orkap'edAmef? 6/ y#dy'dedAmef? 7/ ed&PedAmef [l tusOf;tm;jzihf (7) yg; tjym;&Sd\/ xdkYwGifrdpm'd|dedAmef/ / rdpm'd|dedAmefqdkonfum; omoemawmf rSty jzpfukefaom rdpm'd|dt,l&Sdukefaom wdwdq&mwdkY BuHqpGJvrf; tyfaom edAmefudk ]]rdpm'd|dedAmef}} qdkownf;/ xdkrdpm'd|dedAmefonf ]]y'd|"redAme 0g'g}} [laom ygVdawmfyk'fwdkYvnf;aumif;? ]]edAmeH edAmeawm omwd}} tp&Saom rlvy&d,m,okwf yk'wvnf;aumif; d f Ykd vmayonf/ ygVd awmf (2) &yfwGif" bdua0 {uapm oraPm 0g jA[maPm 0g {0H 0g'D a[mwd {0H 'd|d? ,axm acg abm t,Htwm y[d umr*kaP[d orrdawm or*blawm y&dpma&wd? {wm0wm acg abm t,H twmy&r'd|"redAmeH yawm a[mwDwd/ tp&Sojzihf ygVdawmfw wdwq&mwdYk BuqpGvrf;tyfaom d Ykd d H J

0d w m &u@ ed A m ef t jym; (7) yg;

Now the second chapter, the vitthara kanda. In the pali-texts there are terms___ nibbuta, parinibbuta, nibbuto,parinibbuto, nibbuti,parinibbuti, nibbayi, parinibbayi, -ti, nibbayati, nibba nibbanti, nibbayanti,etc., the meaning of them (anavattha) is the peace, nibbana. -na which is meant by those terms; the nibbana Therefore, nibba which is meant by the term nibbana, parinibbana; nibbanas of all kinds will be collected and mentioned in this second chapter in detail (vitthara kanda). In brief nibbana is of seven kinds namely. 1. micchaditthi nibbana, -na, 2. sammuti nibba 3. tadanaga nibbana, 4. vikkhambhana nibbana, -na, 5. samuccheda nibba 6. patipassaddhi nibbana, 7. nissarana nibbana. Out of then. Micchaditthi nibbana -na which is thought out and grasped by the The nibba wrong-view-holders (micchaditthi) from outside the Buddha Sa -ditthi nibbana. That micchaditthi nibbana sana is called miccha ~ comes in the pali terms- 'panca dittha dhamma nibbana vada", and ~ ~lapariyaya sutta, "nibbanam nibbanato sanjana in the terms of mu ti," etc. In the two pali__ "Idha bhikkhave ekacco samano va brahmona va evem vadi hoti evem ditthi, yatokho bhoayam atta pancahi kamagunehi - samappito samangibhuto paricareti, ettavata kho bho ayamatta -nam patto hotiti" etc., there are five paramadittha dhamma nibba ditthadhamma nibbana, which the holders of wrong views think about and grasp.

Vittha Rakanda Seven kinds of Nibbana

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;twGuf jzpfonf/

21

awmfbk&m;BuD;

usrf;jyKtausmf urmausmf

w&m;awmfrsm;

awmf pawmfrlaom

ma on Nibba na

by

LEDI SAYADAW
'd|edAmef (5) yg;&Sdvmonf/ (5) yg;um; 1/ tMuifolonf vlYjynf ewfjynfwdkY umr*kPf 5 yg;udk tvdk&Sdwkdif; cHpm;pHpm;&\/ xdkol\ twonf tvGefjrwfaom 'd|"r edAmefoa&mufaom twrnf\/ xdxuf vGejf rwfaom 'd|"reAmef[l Ykd Yk d r&Sd/ (yxredAmef yxr0g') 2/ tMuifolonf umrw&m;wkdY\ qdwfuif;&mjzpfaom yxrpsmefudk&\/ yxrpsmefudk 0ifpm;ae\/ yxrpsmefbkHodkY a&muf \/ xdo\twonf tvGejf rwfaom 'd|"reAmefoa&mufaom tw l l d Ykd rnf\/ xdkYxufjrwfaom edAmef[lr&Sd/ ('kwd,edAmef? 'kwd,0g'/) 3/ enf;twl 'kwd,psmefodkY a&mufonfudkom y&r'd| "redAmefodkY a&mufonf[k ,laom0g'/ (wwd,edAmef? wwd,0g'/) 4/ wwd,psmefodkY a&mufonfudkom y&r 'd|"redAmefodkY a&mufonf[k ,laom0g'/ (pwkwedAmef? pwkw0g'/) 5/ pwkw"reAmefoYkd a&mufonf[k ,laom0g'/ (yredAmef? d yr0g'/) (um; rd p m'd|dedAmef (5) yg;? rdpm0g' (5) yg;wnf;/) edAmeH edAeawm omemwd? edAmeH edAmeawm onwGm edAm eH ynwd? edAmeawm ynwd? edAmeHod H rnwd? edAmeH arwd rnwd? edAmeH tbdeEwd? wH uda[wk? ty&dnmwH wmwd 0'grd/ (rlvy&d,m,okwfygVdawmf) ygVdawmfrSmvnf; 'd|"redAmef (5) yg;vHk;udk,l/ (um; rd p m 'd | d ed A m ef w nf ; /) or K wd e d A m ef / / orKwdedAmefqdkonfum; avmu jzpfyGm; aom rD;ab;\ Nidrf;jcif;? jzpfyGm;aom a&ab;\ Nidrf;jcif;? jzpfyGm;aom rif;ab;\ Nidrf;jcif;? jzpfyGm;aom &efolab;\ Nidrf;jcif;? jzpfyGm;aom "m;jycdk;olab;\ Nidrf;jcif;? jzpfyGm;aom owE&uyfab;\ Nidrf;jcif;? jzpfym;aom 'kAuE&uyfab;\ Nir;f jcif;? jzpfym;aom a&m*E&uyfab; G d d d G \ Nidrf;jcif;? odkY tp&Sdonfjzihf avmu jzpfyGm;awGUBuHK&aom ab;taygif;? &eftaygif;? 'Pftaygif;? tE&m,ftaygif;? tjypftaygif;? Oy'ftaygif;wdkY\ Nidrf;jcif;[lorQonf ]]orKwdedAmef}} rnf\/ xdkorKwdedAmefonf]]raem edAwd wm0a'? a&m*g 0lyorw?d tE&ma,m 0ly orw}d } tp&Sdonfjzihf vmonf/ tavmif;awmf od'wfrif;\ wihfw,fjcif; usufoa&udkjrif
Five nibbanas__ 1. A human enjoys the sensual lust of the human and deva abodes as much as he like. His self (atta) is called the one which reaches the very noble ditthadhamma nibbana; there is not any other -na nobler than this. ditthadhamma nibba 2. A human attains to the first jhana which is free from sensous things, sensualities, as he abdides in the first jhana; he attains to the first jhana abode. His self atta is the one that reaches ditthadhamma nibbana; there is not other nibbana nobler than -na, second view] this.[second nibba 3. Just so the only attainment of second jhana is the paramaditthadhamma nibbana.[third nibbana, third view] -na is paramadittha dhamma 4. The only attainment of third jha nibbana.[forth nibbana, forth view] 5. The only attainment of fourth jhana is paramadittha dhamma -na.[fifth nibbana, fifth view] nibba [Here ends 5 kinds micchaditthi nibbana, 5 micchavada] ~ n nibbanam nibbanato sanjanati, nibbanam nibbanato san~atva ~ -nam mann ati, nibbanto mann ati, nibbanasamim man~ati, ~~ ~~ nibba n ~~ nibbanam meti mannati, nibbanam abhinandati, tam kissa hetu, ~ aparin~atam tassati vadami. [mulapariyaya sutta pali] n -li text takes five kinds of dittha dhamma Also in this pa nibbana. [This is the different micchaditthi nibbana of the holder of wrong views.] Sammuti nibbana In this world the extinguishment of the danger of fires, the ending of the danger of floods, the end of the danger of tyrants, the end of the danger of enemies, peace being free from the dangers of robbers and thieves, peace free from the danger of wars, peace free from salvation, peace free from disease, etc., the cessation of all dangers enemies, punishments, catastrophes, evils, uppddavas, are all sammuti nibbana. -na comes in the pali, "mano nibbatita - This sammuti nibba -yo vupasammati" etc. vade, roga vupasammati, antara In the three verses uttered by Kisagotami on seeing the glory of Siddhatta, the would be buddha, beginning with 'nibba - tanuna sanari" , nibbana meant by the term nibbuta is also sammuti nibbana.

i= The Manual of Nibbana)

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

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"r0D&onf oEdokcodkY a&S;Ionf/

The beloved wife of a good man of respectable family, handsome, young, powerful and learned; the mother of that good son; having been such a woman who is happy gets the peace of mind for the whole life, the peace that overcomes the physical and mental sufferings is meant by term 'nibbuta". Because of the death of beloved parents, grandparents, sons, husband, those who have been oppressed by suffering with a heart burnt get relief instantly from it on hearing the dhamma from a certain man. That peace too is sammuti-nibba na. -na comes in the pali-text: That nibba "svaham abbulahassallosami, sitibhutosami nibbuto. na socami na rodami, -na manava." etc. tava sutva Though that sammuti nibbana has the only characteris-', the suffering (dukkha dhamma) is of tic of peace 'santi lakkhana so many kinds. In brief depending upon the three the cessation of those 3 sammuti nibbana 3 the cessation of those 4 uipatti destructions sammulti nibbana 4 the cessation of those 4 lower worlds sammuti nibbana 4 the peace free from 5 enemies sammuti nibbana 5 -na 8 the cessation of 8 sammuti nibba the peace free from 10 danda punishments sammuti nibbana 10 the cessation of 16 catastrophes (upaddavo) sammuti nibbana 16 the cessation 25 kinds of dangers sammuti nibbana 25 the cessation of 32 kinds of fate sammuti nibbana 32 the cure-appeasement of 96 kinds of diseases sammuti nibbana 96 In detail.....sammuti nibbanas are as many as universes -la nanta), and as wide as infinite world cycles (kappa (cakkava ananta), as many as number of beings. That sammuti nibbana is the refuge for all beings, the shelter to take, the place to depend upon before attaining to asankhata mahanibbana. In the first chapter,santi-sukha is much more noble than vedayita sukha, the enjoyment happiness, all of which are needed to be mentioned in this sammuti-nibbana. The two stories of Jivaka too should be illustrated in this sammuti nibbana. -keta had to pay 4 lakhs of The wife of a banker of Sa rupees for the cure-appeasement of a head-ache, sammuti nibba -jagaha who was rich with many crores of runa. A banker of Ra pees said that he would give all his wealth, animate and inanimate objects for the cure-appeasement of a head-ache, sammuti nibbana. If that banker were a king, he would have given all his wealth of the King. If he had been sole monarch, he would have given all his wealth of the monarch. If he were a cakkavatti, the ruler of all the four great islands, he would have given all his wealth of the four great island. A head-ache worths as much as that. We should understand that the cure-appeasement of a disease which is oppressing for years and months without any relief even for the wink of an eye, the cure-appeasement of a fatal disesase, the peace overcoming the external grave dangers are also valuable and very noble in the same way. (To be continue)

udoma*gwrD&Gwfqdk usL;&ifhaom ]]edAKwmEleomem&D}} tp&Sdaom 3 *gxmwd edAK wmyk'wjYkzifvmaom edAmefonfvnf; orKwd edAmefyifwnf;/ Yk f d h trsdK;tEG,f? t&G,ftqif; bkef;vufHk;ynmESifh jynhfpHkaom a,musfm;? a,musfm;jrwf\ cspfr,m;jzpf&aom rdef;r? xdkuJhodkYaom om;aumif;? om;jrwf\ trdjzpf&aom rdef;r? rdef;rwdkY\b0 uJhodkY aom rdef;rjzpf& toufxufqHk; pdwfESvHk;wGif Munfvif&Tifvef; Nidrf; csrf; om,mjcif;udk &ojzihf um,du'ku? apwodu'kuwdkY\ uif;Nidrf; jcif;udk ]]edAKwm}} qdkownf;/ cspfcifvSpGmaom rdb? bdk;bGm;? om;? vif? cifyGef;ponfwdkY\ aoqHk;jcif;aMumihf tvGefylyif yifyef;rI'kuESdyfpufaeukefaomolwdkY tm; wpfpwpfa,mufaomol\ w&m;pum;udk Mum;em& xd'uonf kH k k cPcsif; Nidrf;av\/ xdktNidrf;onfvnf; ]]orKwdedAmef}} rnf\/ xdkedAmefonfoGm[H tAKVoavmod ? oDwdblawmod edAKawm/ e aompmrd e a&m'grd? w0 okwGme rmP0/ / tp&Sdaom ygVdawmfwdkYrSm vmonf/ xdkorKwdedAmefonf Nidrf;jcif;[laom oEdvuPmtm;jzihf wpfyg;omjzpfaomfvnf; orEDjzpfaom 'ku"rwdkY\tjym;tm;jzihf tvGefrsm;jym;\/ tusOf ; um;/ / uyf (3) yg;udk tpGJjyK xdkuyf (3) yg;\ Nidrf;rI[laom orKwdedAmef (3) yg;/ 0dywd (4) yg;wdkY\ Nidrf;rI[laom orKwdedAmef (4) yg;/ tyg,f (4) yg;wdkY\ Nidrf;rI[laom orKwdedAmef (4) yg;/ &efolrsdK; (5) yg;wdkY\ Nidrf;rI[laom orKwdedAmef (5) yg;/ t&yfjypf (8) yg;wdkY\ Nidrf;rI[laom orKwdedAmef (8) yg;/ tjypf (8) yg;wdkY\ Nidrf;rI[laom orKwdedAmef (8) yg;/ 'Pf (10) yg;wdkY\Nidrf;rI[laom orKwdedAmef (10) yg;/ (16) yg;aom Oy'a0gwd\ Nir;f rI[aom orKweAmef (16) yg;/ Yk d l d d (25) yg;aom ab;wd\ Nir;f rI[aom orKweAmef (25) yg;/ Yk d l d d (32) yg;aom uHMurmwd\Nir;f rI[aom orKweAmef (32) yg;/ Yk d l d d temtrsdK; (96) yg;wdkY\ Nidrf;rI[laom orKwdedAmef (96) yg; tjym;&Sd\/ tus,f u m;/ / pMu0VmteE? urmteE? ow0gteEwdkY ESifhtrQ us,fjyefYrsm;jym;\/ xdkorKwdedAmefonf tocFw r[medAmef BuD;odkY ra&mufrDumvtwGif;rSm cyfodrf;aomow0gwdkY\ udk;uG,f&m jzpfay\/ ykef;atmif;&mjzpfay\/ vJavsmif;&mjzpfay\/ yxru@ a0',dwokcrsKd ;wdxuf oEocrsKd ;u Bu;D us,f Yk d k yHk? jrihfjrwfyHk tvHk;pHkudk orKwdedAmef qdkcGifhqdkufjyef\/ q&mZD0u 0wK (2) ckudkvnf; orKwdedAmeft&m jytyf\/ omauwolaX;uawmfrSm OD;,Of;acgif;cJem\ Nidrf;rI[laom orKwdedAmefwpfckudk tojym (4) odef;ay; ,l&\/ uka#rsm;pGm <u,f0aom &mZN*dK[folaX;rSmvnf; OD;,Of;acgif;cJemNidrf;rI[laom orKwdedAmefwpfckudk ouf&Sd? oufrJh tukefay;ygrnf csKyfqdk ,l&\/ xdkolaX;onf ya'o&mZfrif;jzpfcJhtHh? ya'o&mZfrif;\ pnf;pdrf;ukd tukefay;vwHU? {u&mZfrif;jzpfcJhtHh? {u&mZfrif;pnf;pdrfudk tukefay; vwHU? (4) uRef;vHk;udk tpdk;&aom pMumrif;BuD; jzpfcJhtHh? (4) uRef; pnf;pdrukd tukeay;vwUH ? OD;,Of;acgif;cJemwpfconf odpOfrQavmuf f f k Yk tzdk;xkdufwefav\/ rsufawmifwpfcwfrQ oufom&mr&atmif ESpf&Snfvrsm; ESdyfpufaom temrsdK;? toufcEmudk,f a>cwwfaomtemrsdK;wdkY\ Nir;f rI? A[d'j zpfaom Bu;D rm;pGmaom ab;tE&m,fw\Nir;f rIwvnf; d Ykd d Ykd xdkenf;wl tzdk;xdkufwefaMumif; tvGefjrwfaMumif; odav/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Ak'\ax&0g' "rw&m;tppfxGef;um;&ef jzpfonf/
rsuf E S m zk H ; rS t quf

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NyD;jzpf\/ xdk&[ef; (60) wdkY\ yg&rDESifha`E tEkt&ihfudkvnf;odNyD; jzpf\/ xdaMumifh jrwfpmbk&m;onf xd&[ef; (60) wdtm; t&[wzvf Yk G k Yk dk wdkifatmif qdkufEdkifaom ur|mef;w&m;udk a[mMum;awmfrlNyD; vTwfvkdufjcif; jzpf\/ &[ef;awmf (60) wdonf rmwdu&Gm qGr;f cH0ifvmaomtcg Yk &Gmpm;rdcif rmwdurmwmonf xdk&[ef;rsm;udk zl;jrif&av\/ rmwdu rmwmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\wynhfom; &[ef;awmfrsm;ESifh ywfouf tpOftvm"avhrsm;udk txdkuftavsmufMum;zl;\/ &[ef;awmfrsm; onf 0gOD;umv w&m;tm;xkw&eftwGuf aZw0efausmif;awmfrS f xGufcGmum rdrdwdkYESihf oym,jzpfEkdifrnhf ausmif;ocFrf;rsm;udk &Smwwf Mu\/ oym,jzpfrnfh ausmif;ocFrf;rsm;udkawGUvQif xdkausmif;ocFr;f rsm; 0guyfNy;D oDwif;oHk;Mu\/ &[ef;w&m;rsm;udkvnf; BudK;pm;yrf;pm; yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMu\/ xdkodkYtm;xkwfjcif; jzihf &[EmjzpfoGm;Muolrsm; vnf;&Sd\/ atmufr*f atmufzdkvf tqifhrQom&Muolrsm;vnf;&Sd\/ opmav;yg;udx;kd xGi;f rodjrifbJ omrefyxZOfb0jzihyif umrm0p& k k k f ukodkvfaumif;rIrsm;udkom &Muolrsm;vnf;&Sd\/ &[ef;awmf (60) wdkY rmwdu&GmodkY qGrf;cH0ifvmaomtcg rmwdurmwmu &[ef; awmftm;vH;k udk rdr\tdroyif qGr;f auR;av d f Ykd h \/ xdkYaemuf ]]t&Sifbk&m;wdkY rnfonhfa'oodkY <uawmfrlMurnfenf;}} [k avQmufxm;vQif &[ef;awmfrsm;uvnf; ]]rdrdwdkYonf csrf;ompGm ae&tHaom xdxt&yft&yfoYkd <uMurnfjzpfygonf}} [k rmwdurmwm h k kd tm; jyefvnf ajymMum;Mu\/ xdtcg rmwdurmwmu- ]]&[ef; k wdkYonf 0gqdk&ef 0gausmif;udk&SmMuonf}} [k &dyfpm;rdNyD;vQif odkY jyefvnfavQmufxm;vdkuf\/ ]]t&Sifaumif;wdkYonf t&yf 0gwGif;oHk;vywfvHk; aeMuonfjzpfygtHh? wynhfawmfronfvnf; o&P*HkoHk;yg; ig;yg;oDv wdkYudk,l OykofapmifhoHk;jcif;udkjyKygrnfbk&m;}} &[ef;awmft&Sijf rwfwuvnf; ]]igwdonf 'g,dumrBu;D udk Ykd Yk trSjD yK qGr;f ryifyef;bJ oHo&m0#fb0GwrS vGwxu& atmifjyKjcif; f f G f iSm pGr;f Ediayvdrrnf}} [k odjrifawmfrMl uNy;D rmwdurmwmavQmufxm; k f fh onfh twdkif; &Gm0guyf&efoabmwlMu\/ xdktcg rmwdurmwm onf &[ef;awmf (60) wdtwGuf 0guyf&ef 0gqdausmif;udk aqmufvyf Yk k k vSL'gef;\/ rmwdurmwmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;ESihf wynhfom;&[ef; awmf r sm;tm; rsm;pG m aus;Zl ; wif w wf o l j zpf \ / jrwf p G m bk & m;ES i f h wynfhom; &[ef;awmfrsm;aMumihfom rmwdurmwmonf oHo&m 0J*,uf epfjrKyjf cif;tE&m,frS vGwajrmufEic\/ a&S;,cifuqdvQif f kd f hJ k rmwdurmwmonf ukodkvfESifhtukodkvfudk jAm[P0g't& teuf t"dym,ftaejzihf wpfrsdK;odcJh\/ wpfrsdK;t"dym,faygufcJh\/ tjcm; aom 0g'rsm;t&vnf; ukodkvfESifhtukodkvfudk wpfrsdK;odcJh\/ wpfrsdK; t"dym,faygufc\/ xdoYkd ukovEitukovukd wpfrsKd ;odjcif; wpfrsKd ; hJ k kd f S fh kd f t"dym,faygufjcif;rSm xdx0g'&Sirsm;\ oGeoifcsut&jzpfyg\/ olwYkd k kd f f f \ 0g't&om vdkufem,HkMunfNyD; ukodkvfESihftukodkvfudk owfrSwfcJh ygvQif rmwdurmwmonf oHo&m0#ftwGif;rS vGwfuif;&ef rjzpfEdkif awmh/ jAm[P0g't& ,ZfylaZmfvQif ukodkvfjzpf\/ t,kwfqHk; tm;jzihf olwpfyg; toufudkyifowf apwemo'gw&m;xufxuf jzihf ,ZfylaZmfjcif;jzpfvQif olwpfyg; toufudk owfjcif;twGuf

tukodkvfrjzpf/ ukodkvfomjzpfonf/ ,ZfylaZmfjcif;twGuf r[kwfbJ? tjcm;twGuf owfrSomtukodkvf jzpfonf[k qdkyg\/ xdktqdkudk vdkufem,HkMunfNyD; rmwdurmwmonf ,ZfylaZmfjcif;twGuf olwpfyg; toufudkowfcJhygvQif trSefwu,ftm;jzihf ukodkvfr&bJ tukodkvf om&ayrnf/ xdktcg aumif;&mrGef&m ok*wdb0udk r&bJ qdk;&m,kwf&m 'k*wdb0udkom &ayrnf/ ZmwH o&Pawmb,H-[lonhfESifhtnD udk;uG,f&mrS ab;jzpfayawmhrnf/ tE&m,frS rmwdurmwmonf oDouav;vGwajrmuf cJ\/ xkoYkd vGwajrmufjcif;rSm jrwfpmbk&m;ESifh D f h d f G wynhfom;&[ef;awmfrsm;aMumifhjzpf\/ trSeftm;jzihf aus;Zl;onf rmwdurmwmtwGuf tvGefBuD;rm;aom aus;Zl;jzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh rmwdurmwmonf aus;Zl;udkqyf&ef tNrJwrf;tmHkjyKvsuf&Sdav&m jrwfpmbk&m;\ wynhom;&[ef;awmf (60) udk zl;jrif&vQif zl;jrif&jcif; G f rdr\tdroyih qGr;f uyf\/ 0gqdk ausmif;rsm;udk aqmufvyvLS 'gef;\/ d f Ykd f k f onfrSm rmwdurmwmtaejzihf wwfEdkifoavmuf aus;Zl;qyfjcif; jzpf\/ xdtjyif wdwrsm;\0g't& wy tusiukd jyif;xefpmusiMfh u Yk d fh G aom wd w d w d k Y t m; vS L 'gef ; vQif v nf ; aumif ; ? wd w d w d k Y a [mMum; onhtwdi;f wytusiuusiBfh uvQivnf;aumif; aumif;rIuovonf f k fh kd H f k kd f jzpf\/ odkYvnf; qdkMujyef\/ tqdktwkdif; 'gejyKvQif jzpfap? wyudkusihfvQifjzpfap? aumif;rIukodkvf jzpfcsifrSjzpf\/ oJxJa&oGef oabmrsdK;vnf; jzpfEdkif\/ tu,f rdpm'd|dtjrif vTrf;rdk;aeygu ukodkvfaumif;rIrjzpfonfhtjyif raemuH rdpm'd|dt& tukodkvfyif jzpfao;\/ tukodkvf jzpfvQif raumif;aomtusKd ;udk &rnfrmaocsm S \/ rmwdurmwmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;ESifh wynhfom; &[ef;awmfrsm; aMumihf wdw0g'tE&m,frS vGwfajrmufcJh\/ d rmwd u rmwmwd k Y a cwf u 0g'rsm;onf rsm;jym;vS \ / 0g'&Sifrsm;tm;vHk;uyif olwdkY\0g'twdkif; vdkufemusihfoHk;ygu ewf&Gm ok*wdodkYa&muf\/ edAmefcsrf;omudk&\-[l qdkMuonfcsnf;jzpf\/ rmwdurmwmwdkYonfvnf; txdkuftavsmuf<u,f0olrsm; jzpfMu\/ apwemESifho'gw&m; xufoefMuolrsm;vnf; jzpfMu\/ xdkYaMumifh rmwdurmwmonf olawmfaumif;[l owfrSwfjcif;cH&olrsm;tm; vSLvdk\/ olwdkYa[mMum;onhftwdkif; w&m;"rrsm;udk usihfBuHvdk\/ onfrSm rmwdurmwm \ yifudk,fpdkufjzpf\/ y#doaEOfjzpf\/ avmu jrwfpGmbk&m;yGifhawmfrlvmaom tcga&muf rSom 'geqdkwdkif; aumif; onfr[kwf? 'gewGifvnf; wllESpfbuf&Sd\/ rSm;aomwllESihfrSefaomwll/ oDvqdkwdkif;vnf;aumif;onfr[kwf? oDvwGivnf; wlEpbuf&\/ rSm;aom wlEifh rSeaomwl/ bm0em f l S f dS l S f l qdkwkdif;vnf; aumif;onfr[kwf? bm0emwGifvnf; wlEpbuf&\/ l S f dS rSm;aomwlEifh rSeaom wl?l rSm;aomwlukd rdpmy#dy'g[lvnf;aumif;? l S f l 0d0oDo[lvnf;aumif; xdkokwfyifqdk\/ rdpmy#dy'gudk rSm;aom tusi[vnf;aumif;? ormy#dy'gudk rSeaomtusi[vnf;aumif;? fh l f fh l 0oDoudk 0#fqif;&JodkY OD;vSnfhjcif;[lvnf;aumif;? 0d0oDoudk 0#fqif;&Jrvwajrmuf&m edAmefoYkd OD;vSnjfh cif;[lvnf;aumif; tMurf; S G f tm;jzihf jrefrmjyefqdkEdkif\/ oabmrsm;udk rmwdurmwmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;ESihf wynhfom; &[ef;awmfrsm;aMumifh odvm&\/ ykxZOf[onf ykxZOfpwyif&\/ ykxZOfpw[onfrmvnf; k l k d f dS k d f l S ukovEifh tukovyifjzpf\/ xdaMumihf ykxZOfrsm;taejzihf taMumif; kd f S dk f Yk k tm;avsmfpGm ukodkvfudkvnf; vkyfrd\/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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"r0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/ twudkpGefY&ma&mufaomaMumihf wlltaejzihfaumif;\/ xdkYaMumihf xdwrsKd ;udk ormy#dy'g[lvnf;aumif;? 0d0 oDo[lvnf;aumif; k l l qdk&\/ trSeftm;jzihf xdkwllrsdK;um; tavmif;awmfBuD;rsm; usihfoHk; onhf wlljzpf\/ ,if;wllonf yg&rDajrmufaom wlljzpf\/ oabmudkvnf; rmwdurmwmod\/ xdkodkYodjcif;rSm jrwfpGmbk&m;ESihf wynfhom;&[ef;awmfrsm;aMumifhjzpf\/ xdkY aMumihf rmwdurmwmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;ESihf wynhfom;&[ef;awmfrsm;tm; aus;Zl;wifrqHk; jzpf &jcif;jzpfav\/ &[ef;awmf (60) onf rmwdurmwm aqmufvyvLS 'gef;aom k f 0gqdkausmif; xdkESpftwGuf 0guyf\/ &[ef;w&m;udk BudK;pm;yrf;pm; tm;xkwf\/ xdkodkYw&m;tm;xkwfjcif;onf avmuvltaygif;tm; oHo&m0#f'kurS pGrf;EdkiforQ u,fwif&eftm;xkwfjcif;jzpf\/ rdrdwdkY\ tusKd ;pD;yGm;twGuom &nf&,w&m;tm;xkwjf cif; r[kw/ a&epfol f G f f rsm;tm; u,fwifEkdif&ef a&S;OD;pGm rdrdwdkYudk,fwdkif a&ul;twwfudk wwfajrmufatmif oif,lonhfoabmrsdK;jzpf\/ onfudkyif yg&rD [l qdk&\/ yg&rD[lonfrSm rnfonhfvkyfief;udkvkyfvkyf trsm;\ tusdK;pD;yGm;twGuf &nfoefvkyfjcif;jzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh xkdodkYaom ESvHk;oGif;jzihfvkyfjcif;udk jrihfjrwfolwdkY\vkyfjcif;[lqdk&\/ &[ef;awmfaygif; (60) wdkYonf w&m;tm;xkwfMuaomtcg wpfpkwpfaygif;wnf; tm;xkwfMuonfr[kwf/ wpfyg;pDwpfyg;pD qdwfNidrf&modkYuyf tm;xkwfMujcif;jzpf\/ odkY&mwGif udp&Sdaomtcg pka0;Edi&ef ausmif;\ tv,fA[dacgif;avmif;udxm;\/ wpfpkH wpfck k f k k aomudp&SdvQifjzpfap? emrusef;&SdvQif jzpfap acgif;avmif;udkxdk;&\/ acgif;avmif; oHMum;vQif &[ef;awmfrsm;tm;vHk; rdrdwdkY\ ae&mrS vma&mufpka0; wkdifyifaqG;aEG;NyD; jzpfay:vmaomjyemudk ajz&S i f ; \/ xd k t cg &[ef ; awmf r sm;tm;vH k ; pk a 0;rd \ / xd k Y t jyif nOfhcsrf;tcg rax&fBuD;\ Mo0g'udkcH,lonhf tcgjzpfap? eHeufydkif; qGrf;cH<uaomtcgjzpfap? &[ef;awmf (60) wdkYonf wpfaygif;wnf; &S d M u\/ tjcm;tcsd e f r sm;yif ud k , h f w &m;ud k ud k , f t m;xk w f u m wpfyg;pDom&SdMu\/ wpfaeYwGif rmwdurmwmonf qD? axmywf? wifvJ ponf wdu, nOfcsr;f tcg ausmif;odkYoGm;\/ ausmif;&[ef;wpfyg; udkrQ Yk kd l h rawGY/ xdktcgausmif;\tv,f&Sdaom acgif;avmif;udkxdk;vdkuf\/ acgif;avmif;oHMum;rSom &[ef;rsm;onf wpfckwpfckaomt&yfrS wpfyg;wpfyg;pDom <uvmMu\/ ESpfOD;aom&[ef;onf wpfaMumif; wnf;aomc&D;jzihf <uvmjcif;[lr&Sd/ onfudkjrifvQif rmwdu rmwmu- ]]t&Sifaumif;wdkYonf tcsif;csif; ckduf&efjzpfyGm; jiif;cHkrIudk jyKMuygoavm}} [k ar;av\/ xdtcg&[ef;wduvnf;- ]]nOfcsr;f tcg k Yk h rax&f B uD ; \Mo0g'ud k c H , l a omtcg eH e uf q G r f ; cH o G m ;aomtcg taMumif ; ud p & S d wpf O D ; wpf a ,muf u acgif ; avmif ; xd k ; ojzih f acgif;avmif;oHMum;aomtcgwdkYom tm;vHk; wpfpkwpfaygif;wnf; &SdMu\/ useftcsdefrsm; rl wpfckwpfckt&yf wpfyg;pDom&Sd w&m; tm;xkwfMu\/ ESpfyg;twlae w&m;tm;xkwfj cif ; yif r &S d } } [l jyefMum;ajymqdk\/ xdktcg rmwdurmwmonf &[ef;w&m;udk vlyk*dKvfrsm; taejzihfvnf; tm;xkwf &Edkif r&Edkifar;avQmuf&m &EdkifaMumif;od& ojzihf &[ef;awmfrsm;oifMum; jyoay;onhf twdkif; (32) aum|mo pmrsuf E S m 26 ok d Y

tukodkvfvnf; vkyfrd\/ odkYvkyfrdjcif;rSm ykxkZOfwdkY\ obm0twdi;f a&SmifvJT r&Edi vkyrjd cif;vnf;jzpfEi\/ wrifwum k k f f kd f vkyjf cif;vnf;jzpfEi\/ od&mwGijf rwfpmbk&m; ESiwynhom;&[ef;awmf kd f Yk G fh f rsm;\ tqHk;trudk &,lemMum;&aom tcsdefrSp tukodkvfudkvnf; tukovre;f od\/ tukovwivnf; wlEpbuf&re;f od\/ ukovf kd f S kd f G f l S f dS S kd udkvnf; ukodkvfrSef;od\/ ukodkvfwGifvnf; wllESpfbuf&dSrSef;udkod\/ odkYodjcif;udk pdwmEkyemt& ,xmblwPf[lqdk&\/ ,xmblwPf [lonf orm'd|dyifjzpf\/ oabmudk rmwdurmwmonf odvm av\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;\ w&m;awmfudk remMum;&rD a&S;,cifuqdkvQif rmwdurmwmonf tukodkvfudkvnf; ukodkvfxifcJh\/ ukovuvnf; tukovxifc\/ odYk xifrjd cif;rSm jA[P kd f kd kd f hJ rsm;ESifh wdwd,rsm; \ rSm;,Gif;aom oGefoifcsufaMumifhjzpf\/ trSef tm;jzihf odkYxifrdjcif;? odkYrSwf,lrdjcif;udk rdpm'd|d[lqdk&\/ ukovuukd vkyonfjzpfap? tukovuukd vkyonfjzpfap kd f H f kd f H f uHoufoufudkcsnf; wGufr&/ ,if;uH\ wlludkygxnhfwGuf&\/ rdrd\tw tusdK;pD;yGm;twGufvkyfvQif rSm;aom wll[lqdk&\/ avmu\tusKd ;pD;yGm;twGuf jzpfap? avmu t"r0g' rvTr;f rd;k bJ "r0g' vTr;f rd;k Ediap&eftwGujf zpfap vkyygu rSeaomwl[qd&\/ k f f f l l k rSefaomwll[lonf yg&rDoabmudkaqmif\/ Zmwfawmfrsm; yg&rD jznhaeMuaom xdxtavmif;awmfrsm;onf wd&pmefrsm; jzpfMuonfukd f k kd awGU&\/ wd&pmefjzpfonfqdkuwnf;u xdkxdk tavmif;awmfrsm;onf tuk o d k v f u d k v k y f c J h M u jzpf a Mumif ; xif & S m ;\/ od k Y & mwG i f xd k x d k tavmif;awmfBuD;rsm;onf jzpfav&mb0wdkif; b0wdkif; atmufwef; pm;taejzihf jzpfMuonf r[kw?f iSujf zpfvQivnf; iSurif;? arsmufjzpf f f vQifvnf; arsmufrif;ponfjzihf txufwef;pm; taejzihfom jzpfMu &\/ xdkodkYjzpfjcif;rSm yg&rDoabmaMumihfjzpfMu&jcif;jzpf\/ txuf wef;pm;taejzihfomjzpfMu&\/ xdkodkYjzpfjcif;rSm yg&rDoabmaMumihf jzpfMu&jcif;jzpf\/ oabmudkvnf; rmwdurmwmod\/ avmu ukodkvfudkvkyfonfyif qdkapOD; ]]'g igvkyfwm}} [laomESvHk;oGif;jzihf vkyfvQif rmejzihfpGJaom twtwGufvkyf&m a&muf\/ ]]'g igaumif;pm;zdkYtwGuf vkyfwm}} [laom ESvHk;oGif; jzihfvkyfvQif wPSmjzihfpGJaom twtwGuf vkyf&ma&muf\/ ]]ihgtvkyfonfom opm? tjcm;ol rsm;\ tvkyfonf rdpm/ ight,lonfom trSef? tjcm;olrsm;\t,lonftrSm;}} [laom ESvHk;oGif;jzihfvkyfvQif 'd|djzihfpGJaomtwtwGuf vkyf&ma&muf\/ trSeftm;jzifh twonf wPSmjzihfpGJaomtw? rmejzihfpGJaomtw? 'd|d jzihfpGJaom tw[l (3) rsdK;&Sd&m rnfonhf twpGJjzihfvkyfvkyf twtwGuvyjf cif;rSeorQ onf wltaejzihraumif;? ,if;wlrsKd ;udk f k f l f l rd p m y#d y 'g[l vnf ; aumif ; ? 0oD o [l vnf ; aumif ; qd k & \/ tu,f tukodkvfudk twtwGuf vkyfvQifrl txl;ajymp&mrvkd awmh/ uHtaejzihfvnf; raumif;? wlltaejzihfvnf; raumif;/ xdaMumihf ]]bl;av;&m zHk qih}f } qdbouJoYkd ESprsKd ;vH;k raumif;? ESprsKd ;vH;k Yk k d h f f raumif;vQif 'k*wdtusdK;ppfppfomjzpfav\/ tu,f rdr\trsKd ;om;rsm;twGujf zpfap? EdiiawmftwGuf d k f H jzpfap? avmu "r0g'xGe;f um;a&;twGujf zpfap? rvTom ra&Smifom J rdr\ud,usKd ;udpe tepfemcHNy;D paw;onhoabmjzihf tukovukd d k f k G Yf f kd f vkyfonfqdkygu uHtaejzihfraumif;aomfvnf; ESvHk;oGif;taejzihf

PERVERTED CONCEPTS
"r0D&onf "ropmudk Tefjyonf/

25

0dyvmow&m; 12 yg;ESihf if;w&m;udky,faom yk*dKvfrsm;

armif x d e f 0 if ; (opf a wm) tod? trSwf? t,lwdkY rSm;,Gif;azmufjyefjcif;wnf;[laom 0dyvmow&m;onf (12)yg;tjym;&Sdavonf/ rS m ;,G i f ; azmuf j yef j cif ; 0d y v m oqd k o nf r S m tedpudk edp[krSwfxifonfh (1) pdw0dyvmo-todrSm;udk odxm;jcif;? (todrSm;,Gif;azmufjyefrI)? (2) onm0dyvmo-trSwfrSm; udk rSwxm;jcif;(trSwrm;,Gi;f azmufjyefr)? (3) 'd|0yvmo- t,lrm;udk f f S I d d S ,lxm;jcif;(t,lrSm;,Gif;azmufjyefrI)[l (3) yg;&Sdonf/ 'kuudk okc[krSwfxifonhf (1) pdw0dyvmo-todrSm;udk odxm;jcif;(todrm;,Gi;f azmufjyefr)? (2) onm0dyvmo-trSwrm;udk S I f S rSwfxm;jcif;(trSwfrSm;,Gif;azmufjyefrI)/ (3) 'd|d0dyvmo-t,lrSm;udk ,lxm;jcif;? (t,lrSm;,Gif;azmufjyefrI)[l (3)yg;&Sdonf/ tewudktw[k rSwfxifonfh (1) pdw0dyvmo-todrSm;udk odxm;jcif;(todrm;,Gi;f azmufjyefr)? (2) onm0dyvmo-trSwrm;udk S I f S rSwfxm;jcif;(trSwfrSm;,Gif;azmufjyefrI)? (3) 'd|d0dyvmo-t,lrSm;udk ,lxm;jcif; (t,lrSm;,Gif;azmufjyefrI)[l(3)yg;&Sdonf/ tokbudk okb[k rSwfxifonfh (1) pdw0dyvmo-todrSm; udk odxm;jcif;(todrm;,Gi;f azmufjyefr)? (2) onm0dyvmo-trSwrm; S I f S udk rSwxm;jcif;(trSwrm;,Gi;f azmufjyefr)/ (3) 'd|0yvmo-t,lrm;udk f f S I d d S ,lxm;jcif;(t,lrSm;,Gif;azmufjyefrI)[l (3)rsKd;&Sdonf/ xdojYkd zpfaomaMumih?f 0dyvmow&m;aygif;(12)yg;&Savonf/ k d 0d y v m ow&m; 12 yg;ud k y,f a omyk * d K vf r sm; -tedpukd edp[k rSwxifonfh pdw? onm? 'd|0yvmo(3)yg;/ f d d tewukd tw[rwxifonfh pdw? onm? 'd|d 0dyvmo(3)yg; k S f 'kuudkokc[k rSwfxifonfh 'd|d0dyvmo(1)yg;/ tokbudk okb[krSwfxifonfh 'd|d0dyvmo(1)yg;/ aygif;0dyvmow&m;(8)yg;udk aomwmyefyk*dKvfy,fonf/ -ou'g*grfyk*dKvfoD;jcm;ry,f/ aomwmyefyk*dKvfy,fNyD; twdkif;wnf&Sdonf/ -tokbudk okb[k rSwfxifonfh pdw? onm? 0dyvmo(2) yg;udk tem*grfyk*dKvfy,fonf/ -'kuudk okc[k rSwfxifonfhpdw? onm 0dyvmo(2)yg;udk &[Emyk*dKvfy,fonf/ -ykxkZOfyk*dKvfwdkYum; (trsm;tm;jzihf wd[dwfyk*dKvf? tenf; tm;jzihf 'G[wy*Kd v)? olawmfaumif;wdukd rS0&aomtcg w&m;emMum; d d f k f Yk D J aomtcg a,medaom? reodum&(oihjf rwfpmESv;kH oGi;f &aom)tcgrsm; G wGif okwr,Pfjzihvnf;aumif;? bm0emr,Pfjzihvnf;aumif;? f f qifjcifaomtcg xd0yvmow&m;wdukd w'*Fy[meftcdutweftm; k d Yk k f Y jzihf y,fEkdifMuavonf/ w'*F y [mef [ l o nf u m; o'genf;t& yk'ppfaomf? wH+t*F+y[mef[c? wH+t*F=xdk f k JG xdtaMumif;tm;avsmpm? wH-y[me(y[mef)xdxkd 0dyvmoudk y,fjcif; k f G k [kqdkavonf/ tedp[kqifjcifjcif;? IrSwfjcif;? ESvHk;oGif;jcif;wdkYpaom taMumif;aMumihf? edp0dyvmoudky,fonf/ xdktaMumif;wdkY &yfpJaom tcg xdk0dyvmoudk ry,fEkdifMuay/ 'ku[k? tew[k? tokb[kqifjcifjcif;? IrSwfjcif;? ESvHk;oGif; jcif;paom taMumif;aMumihf? okc? tw? okb 0dyvmoudky,fonf/ xdktaMumif;&yfpJoGm;aomtcg xdk0dyvmoudk ry,fEkdif/ qd k i f & maq;ud k a omuf r S q d k i f & ma&m*gaysmuf o nf h y rm qdi&maq;udaomufrS qki&ma&m*gaysmuf\/ aq;raomuf k f k d f u a&m*graysmufonfhyHk[ef 'w*Fy,fyHk Oyrmjzpfavonf/ tjypfjywfaom ewfaq;udkaomuf a&m*gvHk;0uif;pifjcif; uJoYkd t&d,myk*Kd vBf u;D rsm; r*faq;aMumihf 0dyvmovH;k 0uif;Nir;f &yHukd h d k axmufIMuygav/ tedp 'ku tewxifjrifzdkY cJ,Of;yHk edpokc twudk y,fEkdifcJMuyHk (av;csKd ; uAsm) tedp tedpeJY bdZeudkawmh rjrifvdk/ / 'ku 'kueJYEIwfuom qdkvdkYNiD;rdawmhw,f/ / vlYpnf;pdrf &wema&TaiGeJY br&maAG 'gawGawG;vdkufawmh at;awmh (rvdk)oudk/ / tew teweJY yg;pyfuqdkomqdk igudk,feJY yguvm;/ / xifcsufu,fuGm ,mOfpMuma'oemeJY wifvuPmb,fvdkoHk;aomfvJ 0#faESmifudk vGwfatmifkef;EkdifygYrvm; NrHK;rdwJhig;vdky bkef;todom;..../ / (yef;awmif;q&mawmfBuD;) edp? okc? tw[k rSwfxifonfh 0dyvmow&m;udk y,fazsmufEkdif aom (oH a 0*aw;xyf ) arG;aeYawGtcga&muf? Z&maxmufavNyD igwpfa,mufaornfrSm? aoGrzDrSefpGmh oHa0*pGJudkifum? rvGJEkdifyg? tedp tedp okcuuif;uGmw,f? rjiif;omyguvmh 'kuawG teE[mrkdY? cH&onfhjzpfaxG igxifwm bmrjzpf? igtppfrjzpf&ygay? igr[kwf emrfkyfawGudk PfxkwfazGjyefMunhfrS trSef&Sd tewom? rSwfMup&m vuPma&; wifxm;ygvQif txifrm;wm&Sb;l uGUJ av;.../ S d (y#dbmef) okb0dyvmow&m;udk y,fazsmufEkdifaom tif;0acwf ausmumkyfpHk obifq&m oHcsKdudkifarmifa&T pDuHk;oDqdkaom pmrsuf E S m 26 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

26

"r0D&onf t"rw&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/ pmrsuf E S m 24 rS ur|mef;udk tm;xkwfav\/ rmwdurmwmonf tem*grdr*fudk&\/ y#dord'gav;yg;udkvnf;&\/ tbdnmOf (6) yg;udkvnf;&\/ xdktcg rmwdurmwmonf &[ef;awmf (60) wdkY\tajctaeudkMunhfav&m &[ef; (60) vHk;yif ykxkZOftqihfom &Sdao;aMumi;f od&Sd&\/ rmwd u rmwmonf &[ef ; (60)wd k Y t m; t&[w z d k v f a&mufEdkif&ef Oyed,&Sd r&Sdudk Munhfjyef&m &[ef;awmf (60) vHk; &[Em jzpfEdkifaMumif; awGU&Sd&jyef\/ odkY&mwGif xdk &[ef;awmfaygif; (60) wdtwGuf &[EmjzpfEi&ef Oyed,ypn;f ESiywfouf ausmif; Yk kd f fh ocFrf;vnf; oym,jzpf\/ &moDOwkvnf; oym,jzpf\/ yk*dKvf tcsif;csif;vnf; oym,jzpf\/ tpmtm[m&taejzihfrl oym,rjzpf acs/ xdaMumihf &[ef;awmf (60) wdonf t&[wzvukd r&jcif;jzpf\/ Yk Yk kd f cRwf,Gif;csufudk rmwdurmwmonf jrifav\/ xdkYaemuf rmwdurmwmonf &[ef;awmf (60) wdkYESihf avsmufywfaomqGrf;abmZOf tm[m&rsm;udk pDpOf\/ tdrfodkY qGrf;pm; yih f \ / &[ef ; awmf r sm;tm;vH k ; onf rd r d w d k Y E S i h f a vsmuf y wf a om qGrf;abmZOfudkoHk;aqmif&avvQif wnfMunfaompdwfonfjzpf\/ armif x d e f 0 if ; (opf a wm) wnfMunfaompdwfjzihf 0dyemudk yGm;avaomf &[ef;awmf (60) vHk;yif y#dord'gav;yg;ESifhwuG t&[wzkdvfudk rsufarSmufjyK &[EmjzpfMuav\/ (qufvufazmfjyygrnf/) Hkru v,f,m? O,smOf? NcHajr? ,mOf&xm;? tdk;cGufyef;uef? tdrf,mae&m toHk;taqmif ypnf;rsm;udk a&mif;pm;jzKef;ypf oHk;ypf,Hkru tdrygaygif wduygayguf jzKe;f ypfo;kH ypfonf/ f k f aemufqHk; tdk;jcrf;cGJudk vufpGJum awmif;pm; &aomb0 a&mufoGm;awmhonf/ &[ef;awmfrsm;onf txufygtwdi;f k r[m"eol a X;om;\ rsm;jym;vS p G m aom pnf;pdrfOpmrsm; qkwf,kwfoGm;&jcif;? ukefcrf; oGm;&jcif;? ysufpD;jcif;taMumif;wdkYudk ajymqdk aeMu&m jrwfpGmbk&m;<uawmfrlvm tusdK; taMumif; ar;jref;awmfraomtcg &[ef;awmf l rsm;u txufygtwdkif; avQmufxm;Muonf/ xdtcg jrwfA'u cspfom;wdkY? pnf;pdrfOpmwdkY\ k k qkwf,kwfoGm;jcif;? ukefcrf;oGm;jcif;? ysufpD; oGm;jcif;onf pmrzGUJ avmufaom qkw,wjf cif; f k jzpf\/ rajymyavmuf tenf;i,frQomjzpf aom qkwf,kwfjcif; ukefcrf;jcif; ysufpD;jcif; jzpf\/ uruwtp&Sdaom todPf ynm\ qkwf,kwfjcif;onfom pmzGJUavmuf aom qkwf,kwfjcif; tnhHqHk;aom qkwf,kwf jcif; jzpfaMumif; rdefYMum;awmfrlonf/ tcsdKUaom&[ef;awmfrsm;onf nDrl &m pnf;a0;&mjzpfaom "robifcef;r pka0; xdkifae&if; aumovrif;BuD;\ a&S;,cifu rdzk&m;? armif;rrdH? rif;nDrif;om;? rl;rwf rif;tcpm;&Saom rsm;jym;vSpmaom ta>ct&H d G y&dowfwdkYESifh odkufodkuf0ef;0ef; jynhfjynhfpHkpHk &SdcJhyHk? aumovrif;BuD;\ b0aemufydkif;0,f ta>ct&H y &d o wf r sm; qk w f , k w f o G m ;&yH k ? enf;yg;oGm;&yHkudk ajymqdkaeMuonf/ aumovrif;BuD;onf AEKvppfol BuD; r&Sdawmhonhftcg AEKvppfolBuD;\ wl 'DCum&m,etm; ppfoBl u;D &mxl;tyfEi;f onf/ S 'DCum&m,eonf ]]rif;onf ig\OD;av; udk owf\}} [k BuHpnf tcGifhta&;udk apmifhaeoljzpfonf/ aumovrif;BuD;onf tjypfr&Sdaom AEKvppfolBuD;udk owfNyD;&m tcgrSp ESvHk;romr,mjzpfaeonf? pdwf roufomjzpfaeonf/ rif;pnf;pdrfudkyif rcH pm;vdkawmh/ xdktcsdef jrwfpGmbk&m;onf omuD0ifrif;wdkY\ ar'gVKyrnfaom ed*Hk; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrlonf/ aumovrif;onf ar'gVKyed*;kH odom; jrwfA'owif;oH;k awmfrl Yk G k D &m ausmif;awmfrS reD;ra0; ppfwyfudkxm;cJh um ]]ta>ct&Henf;enf;jzihf jrwfpmbk&m;tm; G oGm;a&muf&Sdcdk;rnf[k BuH rif;ajrmufwHqm ig;yg;wdkYudk 'DCum&m,eppfolBuD;tm; ay;cJh wpfa,mufwnf;om bk&m;zl;oGm;onf/ aumovrif; bk&m;zl;oGm;aomtcg 'DCum&m,eppfoBl u;D onf rif;ajrmufwefqm ig;yg;wdkYudk 0d##Lbtm; 0wfqifay;um rif;

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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27

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First Law of velocity of an object does not change unless a force cets on the object second law a force F applied to an object of mass M causes an acceleration a according to F=ma Third Law= Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Eimtsten's principle of relativity All physical laws are same in all forms of reference in uniform with sespect to one another. If the energy of a body changes by ammount E then is mass must changely E2 where C is the velocity of wight (or expressed in its better known from E=mc2)

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

28

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31

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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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33

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vif ; jrwf ( jref r mpm) Muaom Mu,fpifjzLjzLwdkYudk vomaqmifxuf rSai;&if; tawG;wpfcku &pfywfaESmifzGJU wG,f iifvsuf&Sdonf/ xdkpOfrSmyJ uRefr\ aemufrS kwfw &ufxGufvmaomac:oHwpfckaMumihf ypKyef umvqDodkY pdwftpOfu jyefvnfa&muf&Sdvm onf/ ]ESrawmf} uRef r ud k a c:vd k u f o l u tjcm;ol r[kwf? armifawmf0goka'0omjzpfonfudk uRef r aumif ; pG m od o nf / wu,f a wmh armifawmf0goka'0[m uRefr\ armift&if; yif j zpf o nf / uRef r \armif i ,f r if ; om; ud;k a,mufrS oihwihaomavQmufxm;rIaMumihf f f armifawmf0goka'0udk armift&if;yifjzpfvihf upm; rsKd;qufaoG;raESm&avatmif bdoduf cHvufqufcJhonf/ 'gaMumihf armifawmf0goka'0[m uRefr\cifyGef;jzpfae&onf/ cktcsdefrSmawmh uRefrESihfarmifawmfwdkY aygif;pyfrIuae rMum cifrSm&ifaoG;av;&awmhrnf/ &ifaoG;av;udk vG,fulpGmarG;zGm;EkdifzdkYtwGuf uRefrrSm tpp t&m&m*k w pd k u f & S d a e&if ; armif a wmf \ Muifem ,k,aEG;axG;rIudkauseyfaerdonf/ ]ESrawmf} armifawmfxrS 'kw,tBurf ac:oH H d d xGufay:vmcsdefrSmawmh uRefrvnf; jyefxl; vduronf/ k f d ]ajymygarmifawmf} ]tjyifrmat;vSygw,f eef;aqmif0if S zdkYoihfw,fESrawmf} armif a wmf u ajymajymqk d q d k E S i h f vufwpfzufudk urf;vmonf/ oG,foG,f&pf &pf&onfh uRer\vuf[mvnf; urf;vmaom dS f armifawmfvufukd axG;qky&if;eef;aqmifx0if h f J vmcJhrdonf/ armifawmf[mvnf; uRefrudk t&dyfwMunhfMunhfESihf &Sdae&onf/ 'DvdkESihfyJ &ifaoG;av;udkarG;zGm;cJhNyD; avonf/ uRerarG;zGm;cJonfu om;awmfav; f h 'G g &0wD \ tif t m;opf ? om;awmf a v;ud k armifawmfhtcspfu uRefrtcspfxufydkonf/ vlaygif;rsm;pGmowfcaom Murf;Murf;wrf;wrf; hJ &Sonfh armifawmhvufawGu om;awmfav;udk d f csDydk;&mrSm odrfarGUEl;nHhNyD;uAsmqefaeonf[k uRerxifronf/ f d wa&GUa&GUoGm;aeaomtcsdefawGu om;awmfav;udk wpfESpfjynhfapcJhonf/ tcsdef um; aEGOD;umv&Gufa[mif;a<uaomaEGu tyl&euvmonf/ 'Dvtylucserm om;awmf dS f J kd J d f S av;u 0ufoufa&m*g\pGJuyfjcif;udk cHvm& onf/ uRef r pd w f a wmf a wmf y l y gonf / armifawmfum; qdz,&mr&Say? om;awmfav; k G f d u tcsejf ynhcmonfr&S?d t&dywMunhMf unhEifh d f G f f S om;awmfav;twGuf ylyifaomua&mufae&Sm onf/ uRefrvnf; ewfa'0gwdkYxH om;awmf av;a&m*goufomap&ef qkawmif;rd&onf/ 'gayr,fh uRefrqkawmif;rjynhfcJh? 0ufoufa&m*gjzihf om;awmfqHk;oGm;onf/ om;awmf a v;qH k ; oG m ;csd e f uRef r a&m armifawmfyg owdvpfarharsmoGm;&onf/ uRefrowd&vmonhfwdkifatmif armifawmfu owdvHk;0r&ao;ay/ orm;awmf a wG \ jyKpk r I a Mumih f armifawmfowd&vmcJhaomfvnf; b,folYudkrS pum;rajymawmhbJ om;awmfav;tavmif; ud k a yG U csD N yD ; ol p H j ref ; &meef ; aqmif x J u d k ac:aqmif o G m ;cJ h w mud k uRef r vnf ; rwm; vdkufEkdifyg/ armifawmf[m tpm;vnf;rpm;? b,folYudkrSvnf; tawGUrcHbJ&Sdae&onf/ armifawmfESihfawGUcGihf&olu wpf a,mufwnf;&Sdonf/ xdkolu a&m[kaZ,s trwf tpma&pm pm;aomufjcif;r&Sdonfh armifawmftjzpfudkMunhf&if; uRefrpdk;&drfvm onf/ tpm;taomufjywfvwfcJhrIaMumihf tdk;ay:ta&wifvmaom armifawmf tjzpf u touftE&m,ftwGufyg pdk;&drfvm&onf udk uRefrodonf/ xdkpOf ra&S;raESmif;rSmyJ uRefrxH owif;qdk;wpfcka&mufvmjyefonf/ armifi,f ]C#y@dw} rif;om;av;[m aoG;avazmuf jyefvsuf ],keay;yg ,keay;yg} qdNk y;D NrKd UwGi;f rSm f f tl;wpfa,mufvdkatmf[pfaeonfwJh/ pmrsufESm 35 okdY

NydK;NydK;ysys&Sdaom va&mifu vom aqmifay: jzmusaeonf/ uRefrvnf; vom aqmifrSae va&mifatmuf yifv,fjyif xufrS azG;ueJvIyfcwfoGm;aom vl;vl;vGefY vGeYf vdi;f vH;k av;awGuMkd unhaerdonf/ uRer I f f aemufu cef;qD;vdkufump[mvnf; wdk;a0SU wdkufcwfvmaomavajyaMumihf vIyfumvGihf um&SdoGm;onf/ uRefr\emrnfu tea'0D uRefr [m 'G g &m0wD N rd K U\ rd z k & m;wpf y g;.../ [kwfonf? 'Gg&m0wDNrdKU\ rdzk&m;wpfa,muf 'Gg&0wDNrdKU\ odrfarGUaom,Ofaus;rIu uRefr aoG;xJ pD;0ifaeonf/ vwpfpif;ES,f&Sdaom uRefr\ jynhf jynhf0ef;0ef;0rf;Mumu 'Gg&0wD\ aoG;opfudk vG,fxm;onf/ 'gonf uRefr\&ifaoG;../ 'G g &0wD \ rsKd ; quf o pf . ..'D & if a oG ; onf uRefrESihfarmifawmf0goka'0rif;BuD;\ b0 wpfck..../ ESvHk;aoG;rSodyfonf;pGmcspfrd& aom&ifaoG;.. &ifaoG;[laom todwpfcku uRefr ESiarmifawmfukd rsm;pGmcsKyuiEipr;f &Saeonf fh f kd f dk f G d rsuEmvnf;rjrif&? jzLovm;rnf;ovm;vnf; f S rod&ao;aom &ifaoG;udk uRerESifh armifawmf f rSm/ toufwrQ cifwG,fwmrd ae&NyD..../ oHa,mZOfBudK;rQif\ aESmifzGJUrIu kef;xGufzdkYcufvSonf/ avajyuvnf; vom aqmifw0duwif vGiajy;aeonf/ vdi;f vH;k awG k f G fh I uvnf; yifv,fjyifrSm vl;umvdrfhum pGihfum 0ihfuGm&Sdae&onf/ uRefruawmh 0ef;0ef;jynhf jynhf&Sdonfh vaomfwmESihfrsufawmifcwfae

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

34

"r0D&onf avmuzGHY NzdK;pnfyifa&;twGuf jzpfonf/

okH;q,fhESpfyg;aom vuPmawmf
armif v l a t;(wrmajr)
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jrwf A k ' o nf bk & m;tjzpf o k d Y a&muf & ef av;oacsF E S i f h ur m wpf o d e f ; yg&rD j znf h c J h & onf [ k o m vl t rsm;pk u odxm;Muonf/ yg&rDrjznfhrD bk&m;qkyef &vQiaumif;rnf[k pdwxrmom Bupnfaom f f J S H umvESiyif ckEpoacsrQMumcJNh y;D EIwawmfjzifh hf S f F f bk&m;qkyefcJhaomumvum; ukd;ocsFMumcJh ygonf / bk & m;tjzpf o k d Y a &muf N yD ; aemuf op m av;yg;w&m; a[mMum;aeNyD j zpf aomf v nf ; xk d a cwf x k d t cgu bk & m;twk ta,mifrsm;ay:xGe;f aecsejf zpf wpfcsKUd aom d ynm&SdykPm;BuD;wkdYonf opmav;yg;w&m;ukd remtm;ay/ ynm&Swx;Hk t& rSeonfrm;onf d Ydk f S ukyxrOD;pGmavhvmMuonf/ bk&m;ppfrevQif d S f okH;q,hfESpfyg;aom a,musfm;jrwfvuPm awmfwkdYyg&Sd&rnf[laom aywHukdif ppfaq; ygonf/ pl;prf;avhvm&mvnf; q&mukd,f wk d i f r oG m ; rd r d \ vuf k H ; wynf h r sm;uk d o m apvT w f a vh & S d y gonf / ok H ; q,f h E S p f y g;aom a,musf m ;jrwf v u P mawmf w k d Y o nf v nf ; av;oacsEiurmwpfoe;f umvywfv;Hk yg&rD F S hf d jznf h N yD ; rS jynf h c J h & aomvu P mawmf w k d Y jzpfonf/ vuPmawmfwkYdukd tpOftwkdif; azmfjy&ygrl1/ z0g;awmftjyif nDnmjcif;/ 2/ z0g;awmftjyif wpf&mh&SpfuGuf puf vuPmawmfyg&Sdjcif;/ 3/ ajcovkH;jrif;acgif;awmf nDTwfjcif;/ 4/ udk,fvkH;awmf ajzmifhrwfjcif;/ 5/ ajyjypf&SnfoG,f oym,fEGJUajymif;aom ajcacsmif;awmf vufacsmif;awmfrsm;&Sdjcif;/ 6/ nDrQoG,fajzmifhaom zaemihfawmf&Sdjcif;/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onfvlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ rsm;pGmaomvlwkdY\ aumif;aom trIudpwkdY o*F[jzpfcJhjcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? trSwf (11)vuPmrSm El;nHorarGUaom 0wftcif; h d f Hk vS L cJ h j cif ; ? trsuf a 'go rxG u f c J h j cif ; wkaMumifvnf;aumif; trSw(12)vuPmrSm Yd h f taMumif;trsKd;rsdK; aMumifhuif;uGmaeaom rdbom;csif;rdwfaqGwkdYudk jyefvnfnDGwf apjcif ; ? raumif ; aom pum;uk d o l w pf y g; rMum;&avatmif od0uz;Hk ay; cJjh cif;wkaMumifh k S f Yd vnf ; aumif ; 13/14/ vu P mawmf r S m taMumif;tusdK;ESifhpyfaom w&m;ukda[mcJh jcif;aMumifvnf;aumif;? 15/16/vuPmawmf h rSm yk*Kdvftm;avQmfpGm cGJjcm;a0zef ay;vSL cJhjcif;aMumifh? 17/18/19/ vltaygif;wkdYtm; avmutusdK;? "rtusdK;&atmif pGrf;aqmifcJh jcif;aMumihvnf;aumif;? trSw(20) vuPm f f rSm wkwf?"m;?vufeufwdkYjzifh ow0gwkdYudk rnif;qJcJhjcif;aMumifhvnf;aumif; 21/22/ vuPmrsm;rSm wpfyg;aomolwkdYudk arwm tMunfh &efrvkdaomMunfhjcif;jzifh omMunfhcJh jcif;aMumifhvnf;aumif;? trSwf(23)vuPm awmfrSm ukokdvfjyK&m tNrJwap tBuD;trSL; acgif;aqmifjyKcJhjcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? 24/ 25/ vuPmawmfrm vltaygif;wktm; rkom; S Yd pum;ukdy,fap opmpum;ukdom ajymMum; apcJhjcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif; 26/27/ vu Pmrsm;rS m ES p f O D ; ES p f z uf uG J j ym;aprnf h ukef;acsm pum;ajymMum;jcif;rS a&SmifMuOf cJhjcif;aMumifhvnf;aumif;? 28/29/ vuPm awmfrsm;rSma'gopdwfjzifh zko0gpm (Murf; MuKyfaompum;) ukdajymMum;jcif;rS a&SmifMuOf cJhjcif;aMumifhvnf;aumif;? 30/ vuPmawmf rSm tusdK;rJhaompum;? odrfzsif;aom pum;ukd ajymjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfcjhJ cif;aMumifvnf;aumif; h 31/32/ vuPmawmfrSm ormtmZD0jzifhom touf a rG ; cJ h j cif ; aMumif h v nf ; aumif ; ? taMumif; tjcif;t&mwkdYaMumifhom vuPm awmfBuD; i,fwkdYonf jynhfpkHcJh&jcif; jzpfygawmh onf/ taMumif;tusdK;udkNcHK tcsKyftm;jzifh qk d a omf ]zvH e mr um&aPe 0d e m zvH or a 0gemr ew d } tusd K ;w&m;rS e f o rQ taMumif;w&m;ESiuif;Ny;D jzpfjcif; qkonfrmr&Sd hf d S [l bk&m;&Sifukd,fawmfwkdif a[mMum;awmf rlcJhygonf/ odkYokH;q,fhESpfyg;aom jrwfpGm bk&m;\ vuPmawmfrsm; trsm;oliSmod&SdNyD; o'gw&m;wdk;yGm;&ef odpdrfhaomiSm wifjy a&;om;ylaZmf vkduf&ygonf/ pmrsuf E S m 33 rS

35

'D o wif ; ud k a rmif a wmf v nf ; Mum; a&m oefvsufudkpGJudkifNyD; om;awmftavmif; ud k v nf ; *k r jyKEk d i f a wmh y J ol Y n D a wmf q D ta&muf o G m ;awmh o nf / uRef r vnf ; tcspf&qHk;armifi,ftwGuf pdk;&drfylyefpdwfjzihf armifawmfESihftwl vdkufvmcJhrdonf/ armif t i,f E S i h f a rmif a wmf w d k Y \ pum;ajymqdkwmudk em;axmif&if; uRefrrSm toufrI&Jatmifyifae&onf/ armifawmfu ]nDi,f rif;b,f,ersm;tvd&vYkd vJ} k f k dS ],kefay;yg ,kefay;vSnhfygavmh} ]'Dr,f nDi,f O,smOfxJrSm jzLeD ndKjym ,keftpHk&Sdw,f? nDi,fESpfouf&mudk ,lEiw,f} dk f ]tJ',eawGurvdcsib;l aemifawmf} D k f kd k f ]udi;f 'gjzihf a&TEivyxm;wJh a&T,ef k S fh k f k udka&m} ]tvdkr&Sdygbk&m;} ]'gqdk b,fvdk,kefudk nDawmfu vdk csifwmvJqdkwmudk aemifawmfudkajymyg} ]nDawmfvcsiwhJ ,keu aumif;uif kd f f rSm&SdwJh,kefyJaemifawmf} ]rjzpfEkdifwmyJnDawmf} armifawmfpum;tqHk;rSm armifi,f u wpfcsufNyHK;vdkuf&if; pum;udk qufvkduf jyefonf/ ]nDawmf vkdcsifwJh,kefu rjzpfEkdifyg bl;qdk&if aemifawmf[mvnf; rjzpfEdkifwm twGuf ylaqG;aomua&mufaewmyJav} ]bmrsm;vJ nDawmf} ]ckqkd aemifawmfu om;awmfq;kH oGm; wmudk ylyefpdwfeJY rtdyfEkdif rpm;Ekdifjzpfae& w,fav? nDawmfwpfcar;r,f? ckvaemifawmf k kd rpm;raomuf rtdyfbJaeawmha&m om;awmf av;u jyef&SifvmrSmwJhvm;} usrf ; ud k ; armifawmfu acgif;cgjyonf/ uRer f 'G g &0wD N rd K Uawmf r S tH h M ozG , f & m pdwfxJrSmvnf; armifti,f rl;bl;qdkwmudk jzpf & yf q ef ; rsm; odvkduf&onf/ om;awmftwGuf rtdyfEkdif rpm;Edkifjzpfae&onfh armifawmfudk azsmif;zs ('Gg&0wDOD;armifBuD;)anmifuefq&mawmf\ ig;&mh i g;q,f Zmwf e d y gwf v m zdkY armifti,fu l;[efaqmifjcif;omjzpfrnf 'oed y gwf C#y@d w Zmwf [k uRerawG;rdvuonf/ olwEpa,mufxrS f kd f Ykd S f H pum;awGu uRefrxH vGihfjyefvmjyefonf/ ]aemif a wmf aoaocsmcsm awG;Munhfyg jyef&SifvmrSmr[kwfwJh om;awmf twGuf rtdyfEkdifrpm;Ekdifjzpfae&if aemifawmf armif v l a t;(wrmajr) yg toufqHk;HI;vdrfhr,f}

][kwfygw,f nDawmf 'gayr,fh} ]nD a wmf p um; rqH k ; ao;ygbl ; ? aemifawmf[m nDawmfwdkYawGudk qdkqHk;rEkdifwJh tBuD ; wpf a ,muf j zpf y gvsuf avmurS m aoaMuysufpD;jcif;qdkwJh tedpsoabmw&m; arhaecJh NyDvm;? aemifawmfa&m tpfrawmfeJY usefwJh aemifawmfnDawmfawGtm;vHk; 'Dom; awmfav;twGuf 0di;f 0ef;ylaqG;aewmudk aool k u odrwJhvm;? NyD;awmh ewfa'0g? psmeftbd nmOf &wJh &aohawGua&m om;awmfav;udk jyef&Sif vmatmifvkyfay;EkdifrSmwJhvm;} ]nDawmfajymwm[kwfygw,f} ]'gudkodvsufeJY aemifawmfu bm aMumih f r sm; ryk y f a [mif a q; pD & if x m;wJ h om;awmftavmif;udk MunhNf y;D &ufaygif;rsm;pGm rpm;EkdifraomufEkdifeJY cGeftm;qkwf,kwfcHae& 'Dr,faemifawmf&,f aool[m jyef&Sif ; NyD;awmh aoqHk;oGm;wJh om;awmftwGuf ylyif aomurjzpfyJ pdwfcsrf;ompGmaeoihfygw,f} ]aumif ; NyD nD a wmf & J U T e f j yrI u aemifawmfukd ylaqG;jcif;awGvipifom;atmif G fh G tusKd;taMumif; qDavsmfvSygw,f/ nDawmf pum;eJYtwl ckcsdefupNyD; aemifawmfvnf; pdwfcsrf;ompGmaeawmhr,f? nDawmfajymwm [kwfygw,f? aool[m b,fawmhrS jyef&Sifdk; xH;k pHr&Sygbl;? 'DtwGueYJ &uf&npmylaqG;aom d f S f G u ra&mufoihfbl;av} armifawmfu pum;udk rqufawmh bJ &yfvdkufonf/ armifti,f ]C#dy@dw} uawmh NyHK;vdkY&Sdaeavonf/ awG;ac:arQmfjrif rIESihfjynhfpHkaom armifti,f\ TefjyrIonf armifawmfESihf uRefrwdkY ESvHk;om;udk wG,fiif vsuf&Sd&if; ]aool[mjyef&Sifdk;xHk;pHr&Sd] qdk onfpum;udtBurBf urf Mum;a,mifaerdawmh h k d d onf/ vif ; jrwf ( jref r mpm)

DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

36

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DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

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"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/ yif&Sd&modkY ,laqmifoGm;\/ odkYaomftem; a&mufNyD;cgrS pdwfwpfrsKd; ajymif;oGm;\/ ig\ nHvaom qefureukd ewfrif;pm; vdrrnf h S JG k Yf fh r[kwf ewfwYkd rSmtaumif;pm;wduom pm;Mu Yk kd rnfjzpf\[k awG;awmrdojzihf rkefYudk rdrd ompm;ypfvkduf awmhrnf[kqHk;jzwfNyD; jyefrnf jyK\? xd k t cg Muuf q l y if a pmih f e wf o nf MuufqlyifcGMum;rS udk,fxifjyvsuf]tdk toif oifonf vlcsrf;omjzpf tHh? igYxHaumif;aomrkefYudkom ,lvmrnfjzpf \/ ,ck oifum;qif;&J\/ igonf ,ckoif ,lvmcJhaom rkefYudk bmaMumifhrpm;&rnfenf; igYtzdkY &nfpl;oifvkyfcJhaom rkefYudk rysufpD; ygapvihfqdkvQif xdkolvnf;kuZdk0f;ewftm; qefuGJrkefYudk uyfaomf Muufqlyifapmihfewf onf xdkqefuGJrkefYudk Nrdef,SufpGmoHk;aqmifav onf/ ewfrif;onf qif;&Jom;uyfvLS aom zGqefureukd pm;Ny;D aomtcg qif;&Jom;tm; J JG k Yf ar;\/ ]oifrnfonfhtusKd;udkvdkcsif igYudk vkyfauR;oenf;}? xdktcg qif;&Jom;uvnf; dk;om;yGihfvif;pGmyifjyef avQmufxm;onf/ t&Sifewfrif; ]tuREfkyfrSmtvGefqif;&Jygonf/ t&Sifewfrif;udkrSD qif;&Jjcif;rS vGwfuif;&ygvdk\} [kqdkonf/ vlqif;&J\ pum;udk kupdk;uodkYjyefMum;onf/ ]tdk a,musfm; oifrpdk;&drfvihf? Muufqyifu&? a&Tt;kd wdonf vnfcsi;f xdpyf l kd H Yk wnf & S d u k e f \ / oif o nf rif ; tm;tusKd ; taMumif;oGm;a&mufavQmufwifyg/ NyD;rS a&T tdk;wdkYvSnf;ay:wif rif;&ifjyifxH ,laqmif csxm;ygavmh/ xdktcg rif;onf oihftm; ESpfoufoabmusonfjzpf oifhtm; olaX; t&muday;vwUH [kqum ud,a&mifazsmuf k kd k f oG m ;avonf / xd k o l q if ; &J v nf ; bk & m; tavmif;rSmonfhtwdkif; BudK;pm;vkyfudkifonf jzpf&m kupdk;ajymonhftwdkif;yif xdkolqif;&J rSm rif;BuD;\ olaX;t&mcsD;ajrmufjcif;udk cH,l &&Sdavonf/ Zmwfaygif;vQif ,ckolqif;&Jonf ,cifu olqif;&JjzpfcJhzl;ol? ,ck igum; [dkpOfu MuufqlyifapmihfewfjzpfcJhzl; ayonf[k Zmwfaygif;awmfrlygonf/ aZmf a emif usrf ; ud k ; uk @ uyl 0 Zmwf ig;&mh i g;q,f e d y gwf a wmf anmif u ef q &mawmf pmrsuf E S m 36 rS txufyg&Sif;vif;csufudk Mum;em vkduf&aomtcgrSyif tm*EKu udk,fawmfrsm; onf b0if&Sif;oGm;Muawmhonf/ ]]aMomf..vufpowfawmh 'D... vuk@ub'd,qdkwJh ydpdauG;ao; &Sifoli,f av;[m igwdkYxifxm;ovdk omrefomraP i,fav;r[kwfygvm;/ &[ef;udpNyD;aewJh? edAmefukd rsuarSmufjyKNy;D aom oufBu;D yk &[Em f ud,awmfjrwfBu;D ygvm;}} [k oabmaygufvsuf k f om"koHk;Budrfac:awmfrlMuavonf/ "ry' yudPu0*f? vuk@u b',ZmwfrS d oabmayguf y H k t vH k ; pH k NcH K iH k o H k ; oyf od k Y rS w f b0oHk;yg;wGif ra&rwGufEdkifatmif rsm;jym;vSonhf ow0gawGukd jzpfapwwfaom arG;zGm;ay;wwfaomaMumihf wPSmudk trd[l vnf;aumif;? igonf rnfolrnf0g\ om; jzpfonf[l tzudktaMumif;jyK rmefrme jzpfapwwfaomaMumifh xdkrmeudk tz[l vnf;aumif;? orkwfvdkufjcif;jzpf\/ vuk@ ub' d , rax&f o nf xd k w PS m ES i f h r meud k t<uif;rJhy,fowfNyD;jzpf trdtzudkowfol [k wifpm;jcif;jzpfonf/ vlrsm;onf jynh&irif;xHwif qnf; f S f G uyfouf0if&dk;&Sdovdkyif? tvHk;pHkaom 'd|dwdkY onf ow'd|dESihf Oap''d|d[lonhf 'd|dBuD; ESpyg;xH qnf;uyfouf0ifMu&onf/ xdaMumihf f Yk ow0gwdkYtm; rif;rlaeaom 'd|dBuD;ESpfyg;wdkY tm; jynfh&Sifrif;BuD;ESpfyg;[k qkdjcif;jzpf\/ vuk @ ub' d , rax&f o nf qd k c J h N yD ; aom 'd|dBuD;ESpfyg;udk t<uif;rJhy,fowfNyD;jzpf jynh&irif;Bu;D ESpyg;udk owfo[k wifpm;ajym f S f f l qdkcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ wdi;f jynfonftcGeor;f aumufjcif; k f d tay: rSae\/ (12) yg;aom t,wewdkY D onf us,fjyefYatmif csJUxGifwwfonfjzpf wdkif;jynfBuD;ESifhwlavonf/ tm,wevQif rSD&m&Sdonhf ESpfoufpHkrufwwfaom eED&m* [lonhf wPSmonfvnf; tcGeor;f trwfEihf f d S wl o nf o mjzpf y gonf / vuk @ ub' d , rax&fonf wPSm? rme? 'd|d [laom xdkt&m tm;vH;k udk zsuq;D Ny;D aom raumif;rIreorQukd f S f vHk;0y,fNyD;aom &[Emyk*dKvfomjzpfav\/ &[Emyk*dKvf qif;&Jjcif;[lonf r&Sd/ yuwdcsrf;ompGmjzihf edAmefudk ul;ajrmuf rnhfolomjzpfygonf/ aZmf n d K at; (ausmuf u k e f ; )

rnfonhfcJzG,fudkrQ bkOf;ray;bJ r[m'k*w\ cJzG,frkefYudkomvQif,l bkOf;ay;awmfrl\/ xdktaMumif;onf wpfNrdKUvHk;udk tkef;tkef; <uuf < uuf j zpf a pavonf / rl ; rwf ol a X; ol<u,fwdkYonf r[m'k*wxHodkYcsOf;uyf aiGwpf&muday;vnf;aumif;? ESp&muday; k f k vnf;aumif; ]igwdkYtm; tzdkYudka0avmh} [k qdavonf/ r[m'k*wonf bk&m;&Sitm; xdk k f taMumif;udkavQmufxm;&m jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif u odkY jyefrdefY\/ (oD w if ; onf Op m ud k , l vnf ; aumif;? r,lvnf;aumif;? cyfor;f aom olwYkd d tm;tzdkYudkay;avmh) [kreMYf um;onf/ xdaMumihr[m'k*w d Yk f onf Opmudk,lzdkY&ef qHk;jzwf\/ vlwdkYonf tqrsm;pGmwpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; tNydKifay;vsuf ]tzdkY} udk ,lMu&m aemufqHk; ]a&Ttdk; uka#} ay;Muonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tEkarm'em jyKNy;D umausmif;awmfo<Ykd u\/ &[ef;wd\ 0wf Yk jyKrukd cH,Nl y;D vQif if;wdtm; bk&m;wd\ tqH;k I Yk Yk trudkay;awmfrl *Euk#DodkY0ifawmfrl\/ rif;onf ncsrf;tcg r[m'k*udkac:aqmif um olaX; t&mjzihf ylaZmfonf/ &[ef;wdonf Yk w&m;obif ]igY&SifwdkY oAnKjrwfpGmbk&m; onf r[m'k*wvSLtyfaom rkecz,ukd rpuf Yf J G f rqkyf pm;aumif;aom pm;zG,fwpfckuJhodkY bkO;f ay;onf/ r[m'k*onfvnf; rsm;pGmaom Opmudvnf;aumif;? olaX;t&mudvnf;aumif; k k &&SdBuD;pGmaompnf;pdrfudk &&Sd\} [lpum; 0d k i f ; zG J U jzpf M uonf / bk & m;<uvmawmf r l taMumif;pHkudkwifavQmufMuaomf ]igonf r[m'k*w\ qefuGJrkefYudk r&GHr&Smrpufrqkyf bkO;f ay;onfrm ,ckromvQir[kwao;? a&S; S S f f uvnf; bkOf;ay;cJhzl;NyD[kqdkum twdwfZmwf aMumif;udk jyefajymif;a[mjyawmfrlavonf/ a&S;tcgu Am&mPoDjynf jA[ 'wf r if ; rif ; jyKaomtcsd e f w G i f Ak ' j rwf p G m tavmif ; tvsmonf wpf c k a om t&yf ]Mumqlyifapmihfewf} jzpf\/ xdkt&yf&Sd vlwdkY onf ewfudk;uG,fMuonfjzpf&m wpfckaom ewfyGJusif;yonfhumvokdYa&mufvQif rdrdwdkY toD ; oD ; qd k i f & mqd k i f & m opf y if r sm;qD o d k Y pm;aumif;aomufzG,frsm; ,laqmifumoGm; a&mufuefawmhMuavonf/ onfudk vl qif;&J wpfa,mufjrifvQif olonfvnf; vSL csifwef;csif pdwfjzpfay:vm\/ xdkYaMumihf wpfckaom t&yfrSMuufqlyifudk &Sif;vif; okwfoifNyD; qefuGJrkefYudk ,lvnf;aumif;? a&rIwjf zih?f a&udxnhvnf;aumif;? Muufql k f

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;twGuf jzpfonf/

39

2 ]]avmuNir;f csr;f rI}}ESihf om,mpnfyifzNYGH zKd ;wk;d wufr&&Sap&ef ]]Ak' "rw&m;xGe;f um;a&;? avmuygvw&m;ukd avmuom;tm;vk;H d I d
ESvkH;oGif;vufcHusifhokH;EkdifMuapa&; vkdtyfygrnf/ 2 pmrsuEmae&mwGi?f q&mBu;D OD;a&Tatmif\ ]]Ak'avmuom;wk\ tEIi;f rJaus;Zl;&Si}f } (uk,usiA'0if)rS ]]yg&rDawmfrsm;ukd f S Yd d h d f hf k jznfhusifhawmfrljcif;}} tykdif;\ tESpfxJrS tESpftpktcsKdUukd zwfrSwfvG,fulusifhokH;Ekdifap&ef a&G;xkwfazmfjyjcif;jzpfygonf/ t,f'DwmtzJGY

a&SUaqmifEGm;vm;
rdrdtay:vnf;aumif;? rdrdEdkifiHtay: vnf;aumif;? avmutay:vnf ; aumif ; usa&muf v mrnf h ' k u r sm;ud k rusa&mufatmif ckcHwGef;vSef&m taumif;qHk;vufeufrSm rdrdukd,fusifh odumudk jzLpifonfxufjzLpifatif? jrihfjrwfonf xuf jrihfjrwfatmif tm;xkwfjcif;yifjzpf\/ rdrdonf bk&ifjzpf\/ xdkYaMumihf rdrdonf a&SUaqmif EGm;vm;ESifhwl\/ ]a&SUaqmifEGm;vm; ajzmifhajzmifhoGm;aomf aemuf E G m ;wpf o d k u f ajzmif h a jzmif h v k d u f \ }}/ xkaMumifh rdronf ud,usioumudk jzLpifjrihjf rwfatmif Yd d k f hf d xdef;odrf;onfhae&m EkdifiHol EkdifiHom;wkYd\ pHjyjzpfatmif usif h & rnf / a&S U aqmif EG m ;vm;ozG , f v rf ; jy&rnf / od k Y Z,'dorif;BuD;u qHk;jzwf\/

oD v vuf e uf
rif;om;onf twwfynm&yfrsm;udk tNyD;wdkif wwf ajrmufolvnf; jzpf\/ Adkvfygtiftm;ESifh jynfhpHkolvnf;jzpf\/ odkYygvsuf vufeuf[l rnfonfhvufeufudkrS ,laqmifroGm;? Advyg[lvnf; tjcm;rnfowpfO;D wpfa,muf udrQ ac:,lroGm;? k f l k wpfa,mufwnf;oGm;\/ rif ; om;\tjrif t & k y f y d k i f ; qd k i f & m vuf e uf r sm; onfvnf; 'kuESifh &ifqdkif&mwGif wu,fwrf; vufeufr[kwf/ todynmESifh twwfynmwnf;[laom pdwfydkif;qdkif&m vufeuf rsm;onf v nf ; avmu"H E S i h f a wG Y B uH K wu,f w rf ; 'k u E S i f h &ifqdkif&aomtcg vufeufr[kwf/ avmu"HESifh&ifqdkifNyD; wu,fwrf; wdkufMuaomtcg ud,usioumjzLpif jrihjf rwfrqi&m oDvvufeufonfomvQif k f hf d I dk f wu,fwrf;vufeuf jzpf\/

wm0ef ( od k Y r [k w f ) od p d w f E S i f h uif;vGwfwnfEdkifaom"red,mr

oD v pG r f ; tif

rdrdonf rdrdtwGufwm0ef&dSonfr[kwf? rdrd\rdom;pk twGufvnf; wm0ef&dS\/ EkdifiHol EdkifiHom;rsm;twGufvnf; wm0ef&dS\? avmuwpfckvHk;twGufvnf; wm0ef&dS\? tcsKyftm; jzifhqdk&vQif 31 bHkvHk;twGuf wm0ef&dS\/ xdkodkYwm0ef&dSjcif;udk rdrdtaejzihf odonfjzpfap? rod onfjzpfap? odjcif; ESifh rodjcif;onf y"mer[kwf? wm0ef&dSjcif; r&djS cif;ESivnf;qdi/ odvnf; wm0efuawmh &daeNrJ &Saernfjzpf\? hf k f S d rodvnf; wm0efuawmh &dSaeNrJ&dSaernfjzpf\? trS e f t m;jzih f wm0ef [ l o nf u m; od p d w f E S i h f uif ; vG w f wnfEdkifaom"red,mrjzpf\/

avmuNidrf;csrf;zdkY

oDvvHkNcHKav odMum;rif;AdrmefvIyfav jzpfaMumif; udk,fusihfodum ,HkMunfouf0ifolrsm; tm;vHk;u cRif;csuf r&dSvufcHNyD;om;jzpf\/ trS e f t m;jzih f oD v \pG r f ; tif u k d omoemyumv uwnf;uyif olawmfpifrsm;u vufcH,HkMunfMu\/ omoem wGif;umvvnf; olawmfpifrsm;u vufcH ,HkMunfMu\/ oDv\pGr;f tif[onfrmvnf; jzLpifaom pdw\pGr;f tif l S f yif jzpfav&m udavom tnpftaMu;[l vH;k 0r&daompdwonf S f &[EmwdkY\oEmefom jzpfEdkifav&m? &[EmwdkY\pdwf pGrf;tifudk Ak'bmom0ifrsm;om odEkdif\/

orm'd|dESifh rdpm'd|d

avmuudk apmifhwwfaom avmuygv ewfrsm;onf obm0csdefcGif "rudkwpfzuf? t"r udkwpfzufxnfh tNrJwrf; csdefaeMu\/ t"rzufu tav;omvQif? avmuonf obm0 cseci\ tqH;k tjzwftwdi;f t"rbufoYkd apmif;axmif\/ t"r d f G f k bufodkY apmif;axmifvQif avmuonf qlyGuf\/ "rbufu tav;omvQif avmuonf "rbufodkY apmif;axmif\/ "rbufodkY apmif;axmif vQif avmuonf Nidrf;csrf;\/ xdkYaMumifh rdrdtygt0if avmuonf "rbufodkYapmif; axmifEdkifa&;twGuf "rbuf&yfwnfzdkYwm0ef&dS\/ "rbuf &yfwnfygrSvnf; avmuonf Nidrf;csrf;ayvdrfhrnf/

avmua&;&mjzpfap? avmukw&ma&;&m jzpfap tjrifonf ta&;BuD;\/ tjrifrSefvQif orm'd|djzpf\/ orm'd|jd zpfvQif tavmbESihf ta'goonf rvGraoGyg J awmh\/ onfrSm tbd"rm a'oemawmft& pdwf\ed,mr jzpf\/ tu,f tjrif o nf rS m ;oG m ;vQif rd p m 'd | d j zpf \ / rdpm'd|djzpfvQif wPSmESihf rmeonfvm\/ wPSm- rme- 'd|d w&m;oHk;yg;wdkYum; ]yy} trnfjzihf tpkvdkufjzpf\/ ]yy} [lonf twudk us,fonfxufus,fatmif wnfaqmuf wwf aomw&m; jzpf\/

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Meditating in a peaceful all-woman environment
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Uninhibited Monastic Life for Nuns

vl o l r eD ; awm&ck d r S D ; aeMuaom oD v &S i f B uD ; wk d h \ b0

By NISSARA HORAYANGURA, The Bangkok Post, July 28,2009 TRANSLATED Into Myanmar Language by Dhamma Vira Thandar, ITBM University, Yangon.

"r 0 D & -oE m jyef q d k w if j yonf

(Continue from last week) The Dhammasara Nuns Monastery in Perth, Australia is surrounded by Lush greenery.

MopaMwvsEdkifiH ywfofNrdKUteD;&Sd xlxyfodyfonf;pGmaygufa&muf vsuf & S d a om tpd r f ; a&mif a wmtk y f B uD ; 0ef ; &H x m;onh f "r o m& oD v &S i f a wm&ausmif ; ocF r f ;
Its independence is a distinguishing feature of Dhammasara. In most cases, both in the West and in Thailand, nuns live in the same monastery-albeit in their own section-as bhikkhus, and often defer to them, especially if the abbot is a highly respected bhikkhu.

ausmif;? ESpfyg;wGJaexdkifEdkifaom ausmif;rsm;jzifhom aexdkifMu&av onf/ odkYaomtoGitm;jzihf MopaMw;vs "rom&oDv&Siawm& f f ausmif;rSm vltrsm;aexdiMf u&m NrKd Uaus;vufrsm;ESihf tvGeumvSr;f aom k f G t&yfa'orsm; wnfaxmifxm;vihfupm;? Ak'omoemawmfEG,f0if oDv&Siq&muav;rsm;twGuf jrwfpmbk&m;&Sitvkawmfus "rpmay f G f d rsm;ESihf vufawGUud,awGUusipOfrsm;udk oifMum;ydcsavhusiay;Edi&ef k f fh Yk fh k f pepfwus &nf&G,fcsuf&Sd&Sdjzihf wnfaxmifxm;onhf wpfckwnf;aom y&d,wd? y#dywdausmif;wkdufBuD;yifjzpfavonf/
Although it was not always easy, requiring hard work and fortitude for over 10 years, Dhammasara has proven it can indeed stand on its own and find its way.

trsm;ESihfrwl wrlxl;jcm;[eftoGifoPmefaqmifaeaom "rom&oDv&Sifawm&ausmif;\ &yfwnfaerIrSm vGwfvyfNidrf;csrf;pGm wnf&Sdaeayonf/ MopaMwvstaemufydkif;&Sd "rom&oDv&Sif awm&ausmif;ESihf xdi;f EdiibefaumufNrKd UrS oDv&Siawm&ausmif;wd\ k k f H f Yk oGijf yifvuPmt&yf&yfwrm toGioPmefa&m tESpom&wdyg wlnD Ykd S f f Yk aeMuonfudk awGUMu&onf/ omoemhEG,f0ifoDv&Siftrsm;tjym; oDwif;oH;k aexdiMf uonfrmvnf; wlnMD uavonf/ odwnMD uvifupm; k S Yk l h ,if;ESpausmif;wd\ Bu;D MuyftycsKyru@wGirl bduK oCmwdu rMum f Yk k f f I f H Yk cP xdef;odrf;apmihfa&Smufvsuf BuD;MuyfuGyfuJrIrsm; ay;Muavonf/ txl;ojzihf tvGefMunfndKav;pm;tm;xm;Mu&aom ax&fBuD;0gBuD; rax&fBuD;rsm;udk,fwdkif BuD;Muyfay;awmfrlMuavonf/
In the West, independent hermitages and viharas, or monastic residences, where one or two nuns live, do exist. However, Dhammasara is the only place so far that has been purposely established as a training monastery for Buddhist nuns.

odkYaomfvnf; tqdkygoDv&Sifausmif;wkdufBuD;\ vkyfief;rsm; vkyfudkifaqmif&GufrIrsm;onf tNrJwrf;tqifajyacsmarGUvG,fulae onfawmhr[kwfay/ tvkyfMurf;rsm;vkyfudkifaqmif&GufEdkifMurnhf q,fausmfouft&G,f ZGJaumif;aumif;cHEdkif&nf&Sd&Sd BuHUcdkifoefpGrf;aom vli,frsm;vnf; tNrJwrf;vdktyfaeayonf/ "rom&oDv&Sifawm& ausmif;taejzihfum; olwdkYudk,fwdkifpl;prf;&SmazGavhvmawGU&SdcJhaom vrf;aMumif;ay:wGif trSefwu,f&yfwnfvsuf vkyfief;&yfrsm;tm;vHk; udk vufawGUyGJawGU taumiftxnfazmfaqmifEdkifcJhMuavonf/
In the early days, Ajahn sister Vayama was the lone pioneer nun, campaing out in a caravan in the wild Australian boush. Today, the monastic community has grown to include four (and at one time five) nuns, three anagarikas (eight-precept postulants) and a fluctuating number of lay guests as well as visiting monastics.

MopaMw;vsEdkifiHtaemufydkif;&Sd oDv&Sifrsm;aexdkifoDwif; ppOD;aeY&ufumvrsm;uqdvQi?f oDv&Siq&mBu;D t&Si0g,r k f f oHk;Mu&m ausmif;ocFrf; odkYr[kwf 0d[m& odkYr[kwf ausmif;wkdufwdkYrSm onf wpfO;D wnf;aom a&S;OD;wDxioov&Siwpfyg;jzpfonhtm;avsmf G f l D f f oDv&Sifq&muav;rsm;twGuf vGwfvyfpGmaexdkifMu&avh&Sd&m ae&m pGm? MopaMw;vsEiiawmeufi;f Bu;D rsm;twGi;f vlaetdruoYkd csujf yKwf kd f H kd f hJ Xmersm;yifjzpfavonf/ ,if;ausmif;wdursm; oDv&Siq&muav;rsm; pm;aomufaexdiEi&ef pDrxm;onhf trd;k ygaompcef;csvn;f Bu;D wpfp;D k f f k f kd f H S \ wu,fhb0aexdkifrIyHkpHrSm wpfyg;wnf;wpfudk,fa&aexdkifEdkifaom pmrsuf E S m 19 ok d Y