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59
ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﻝﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﺒﺭ ﺍﻹﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻤﺤﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ.
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ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﺒﺭ ﺍﻹﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ:
ﻤﻊ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻴﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻭﻴﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻤﻴﺔ
ﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻙ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ؟
ﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺘﺠﻴﺏ ﻋﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ،ﻓﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻹﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ ﻭﺒﻘﻠﻴـل ﻤـﻥ
ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻙ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻤﺤﺭﻙ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻜﻲ ﺘﺠﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺘﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﻨﻪ.
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ﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﺸﻬﺭ ﻤﺤﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ:
ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺒﺄﺸﻬﺭ ﻤﺤﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ:
http://www.excite.com/ Excite
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ك ا :Google
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ﻜل ﻤﺤﺭﻙ ﺒﺤﺙ ﻝﻪ ﺸﺭﻭﻁ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻝﻠﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ،ﻓﻤﺤﺭﻙ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻤﺜل Googleﻴﺒﺤـﺙ ﻤـﻥ
ﺨﻼل ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺘﺨﺹ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ.
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ﻓﻲ ﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻜﺘﺏ "ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ" ﺜﻡ ﺍﻀﻐﻁ ﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻹﺩﺨﺎل ﻓـﻲ ﻝﻭﺤـﺔ
ﺍﻝﻤﻔﺎﺘﻴﺢ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻴﻘﻭﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻓﻲ .Google
ﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺘﺸﺎﻫﺩ ؟
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"ﺨﻁﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ"
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ﻓﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺸﺎﺸﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻅﻬﺭ
ﻓﻲ ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ –ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺘﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ -ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺸﻴﺭ
ﻱ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻴﻥ 10
ﻜل ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻝﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﻭﻴﺏ ،ﺒﺎﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺇ ٍ
ﻤﻥ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ.
ﺍﻀﻐﻁ ﺍﻝﺭﻗﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻝﻜﻲ ﺘﺸﺎﻫﺩ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻲ
ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻤﺎ ﺘﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﻨﻪ.
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ﺒﺎﻝﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺘﻙ ﻗﻡ ﺒﻌﻤل ﺍﻵﺘﻲ:
-ﺍﻜﺘﺏ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ The search result number
.................................................
-ﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺘﺸﻌﺒﻲ ﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﺃﻤﺎﻤﻙ ﻤﻥ ﻜﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺤـﺙ ﻓـﻲ
ﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ.
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ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻔﻀﻠﺔ Favorites
-ﺍﻀﻐﻁ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺯﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻔﻀﻠﺔ Favoritesﺍﻝﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓـﻲ ﺸـﺭﻴﻁ
ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ )ﺃﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺸﺭﻴﻁ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺌﻡ .(Menu Bar
ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ:
-ﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﺃﻤﺎﻤﻙ ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻔﻀﻠﺔ .Favorites
-ﺍﻀﻐﻁ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺯﺭ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ " "Addﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻹﻀـﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻨـﻭﺍﻥ
ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺇﻝﻲ ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻔﻀﻠﺔ.
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ﻨﺎﻗﺵ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺘﻙ ﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ ﻤﺤﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻗﺎﺌﻤـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻔﻀـﻠﺔ،
ﻭﺍﻜﺘﺏ ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺘﻙ.
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ﻤﻊ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺘﻙ:
-1ﺍﻜﺘﺏ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ.
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:PPPPP اRPPPPPE; اPPPPP اآ،PPPPP ا-.PPPPP =PPPPPG =4PPPPP5
طPPPPP
ارPPPPP) ا-
...........................................
=4P5ط اP
ر9(ل اP) &P P!?= ﺡP; اP ا$UPV =G ﺏلR -
.'
)ي اWا
-.P د0P وPا اWP ه-.P د0P &Pرن ﺏP
:XﺏKا ا
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..
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ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺭﺌﻴﺴﺔ key wordﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ:
-ﻻ ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺒﺤﺙ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ!
-ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻜﻠﻤﺘﻴﻥ )ﺃﻭ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ( ﺃﻭ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺭﺓ ﺒﺩﻻ ﻤﻥ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ،
ﺤﺎﻭل ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﻤﻴﺯﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺭﻴﺩﺓ ﻴﻜـﻭﻥ ﻝﻬـﺎ ﻋﻼﻗـﺔ
ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺎ ﺘﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﻨﻪ.
-ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻠﺩﻙ ﺍﻜﺘـﺏ ﻓـﻲ
ﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ "ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ" ﻭﻝﻴﺱ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ،ﻷﻥ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ
ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺴﻭﻑ ﺘﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻡ!
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أﺡ 0ا9ر
7ت ا$45
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ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻭﺯ ﻝﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ :
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻋﻼﻤﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﺼﻴﺹ " " quotation Markﻝﺘﺤﺩﻴـﺩ
ﺒﺤﺜﻙ.
ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ ﻜﻠﻤﺘﻴﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﺜل ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ،ﻓﺈﻥ
ﻤﺤﺭﻙ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺠﺩ ﻜل ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻝﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﺎﻝﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ
ﻭ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻝﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻝﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻗـﺔ ﺒﺎﻝــﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓـﻲ
ﻤﺼﺭ ،ﻭﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ :ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ،ﺍﻝﻔﻨﺎﺩﻕ ،ﺃﺨﺒـﺎﺭ
ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ،... ،ﻭﻝﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻓﻘﻁ.
ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﻀل ﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻷﺤﻴﺎﻥ ﻜـﻲ ﺘﺤﺼـﺭ ﺒﺤﺜـﻙ ﺃﻥ
ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻋﻼﻤﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﺼﻴﺹ " " quotationﻤﻊ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺘﻙ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ
ﺘﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ.
ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻨﻙ ﺘﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻗﻤﺕ ﺒﺈﺩﺨﺎﻝﻬـﺎ
ﺒﻜل ﺩﻗﺔ.
ﺇﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻙ ﻝﻌﻼﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﺼﻴﺹ ﻴﺴـﺎﻋﺩﻙ ﻋﻠـﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤـﺙ
ﺒﺴﻬﻭﻝﺔ.
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ﻤﻊ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺘﻙ ﻨﺎﻗﺵ ﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻙ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﻥ ﺼﻭﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻋـﻭﻨﻲ ﺘـﻭﺕ
ﻋﻨﺦ ﺁﻤﻭﻥ؟
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. ﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻝﺘﺸﻌﺒﻲ-3
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-اﺏ & Vر ?.M =G R?4
=G -ﺏ ا
; .................................................
PP
-ﺏ ZPP4ا9ر
PP7ت ا[ $4PP5ﺡ0PPي اPPMر اPP!\ =PPت -.PP =PPG
ا.
-3رن ﺏ& أ0اد -.ا]& اKﺏ 1 =G &Aو 2
...............................................................
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-ﻤﻊ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺘﻙ ﺍﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻝـ ﻨﻬﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﻴل.
-ﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺘﺸﻌﺒﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ.
-ﺍﻨﺴﺦ ﺃﻱ ﺠﺯﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺹ ﻝﻠﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ.
-ﺍﻝﺼﻕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻨﺹ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻨﺩ ﺠﺩﻴﺩ.
-ﺍﺤﻔﻅ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻨﺩ ﺘﺤﺕ ﺍﺴﻡ ﻨﻬﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﻴل.
-ﺍﺨﺘﺭ ﺃﺤﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻭﺨﺯﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻔﻀﻠﺔ .Favorites
-ﺍﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﻥ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺭ ﻝـ ﻨﻬﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﻴل.
-ﺍﺤﻔﻅ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﻠﺩ " ."MY Pictures
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ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ:
ﻜل ﻤﺤﺭﻙ ﺒﺤﺙ ﻝﻪ ﺸﺭﻭﻁ ﻝﻠﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻲ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ.
ﻭﻝﻜﻲ ﺘﺤﺩﺩ ﺒﺤﺜﻙ ﺒﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻙ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻵﺘﻲ:
-1ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻘﻴﺔ:
AND
OR
ﻴﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﻤﺤﺭﻙ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ Googleﻋﻠﻲ OR - AND
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ :AND
Googleﻫﻭ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻤـل ﺍﻝﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﻝﻤﺤﺭﻙ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ
ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻘﻲ. AND
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ :OR
ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻘﻲ ORﻝﻠﺒﺤﺙ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺩﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺨﺘﺎﺭﻫـﺎ
ﻓﻌﻠﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﻝﻤﺜﺎل ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﺴﻜﻨﺩﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ
ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻷﻗل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴﺭﺒﻁﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻘﻲ .OR
-2ﺍﺴﺘﺒﻌﺎﺩ ﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻋﻼﻤﺔ " " -ﻝﺘﺴﺘﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ.
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ﺴﺅﺍل ﺘﺤﻀﻴﺭﻱ ﻝﻠﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﻡ :
ﻤﺎﻫﻲ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺘﻙ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻹﻝﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ ؟
...................................................................... )(1
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....................................................................... )(3
....................................................................... )(4
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