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Demographic Profile of India
Demographic Profile of India
India
Introduction
Characteristics of Indian Population
Population growth
Age
Sex
Religion
Language
Occupation
National Policy on Population
Introduction
The systematic study of population is known as
Demography.
Demography is mainly 2 types – formal demography
& social demography.
Census is an important source of demographic data.
Common concepts &
Indicators
Birth Rate: Total number of live births in a particular
area on per thousand population.
Death Rate : Number of deaths in a given area during
a given time per thousand population.
Growth rate of population: Difference between birth
rate & death rate.
Fertility rate : Number of live births per 1000 woman
in the age group of 15- 49 years.
Infant mortality rate: death rates of babies less than 1
year.
Characteristics of Indian
Population
Indian population exhibit the following characteristics:
Age Structure : In Indian population there are
significant number of people in the age structure of 0-
14 (37.8%) & in the age group of 15 to 59 there are
55.5% & 6.7% to 60+ age group. Effects of this age
structure in economy is adverse to development.
Sex Composition : The sex ratio in Indian population
is 927 females per 1000 males in 1991census. It is
continuously declining since 1951. It has serious
implication on marriage rate, death rate birth rate etc.
Indian Population (Cont.)
Marital Status : In India 50.4% are unmarried,
44.6% are married and rest are widowed, separated
etc. Mean age of marriage is 19.4 for females & 24.7
for females. Depending on education, region or
occupation this age varies both for males & females.
Rural-Urban Settlement : Of the total population
28.3% is urban and 71.7% is rural (in1998). It shows
considerable increase in than 1951( 17.3%). Rural to
urban migration are there 26.6%(approx).
Indian population ( Cont.)
Occupational structure : Only 44.86% people in
India in the age group of 15-59 are economically
active & the rest are dependent on them. In terms of
sex only 67.6% of males are working where as 32.4
% females are working.
Year Population ( in
Million)
1600 100
1800 120
1901 238.4
1951 361.1
1991 846.3
2001 1029
2007 1134
State wise distribution