Phn I

TNH CNG NGH

I. Cn bng vt liu :
1) Xac nh lng hi th thoat ra khoi h thng :
Phng trnh cn bng vt liu cho toan h thng :
G = G c + W

(1)

Trong o :
G : Lng dung dch u (kg/h)
Gc : Lng dung dch cui (kg/h)
W : Lng hi th ra khoi thit b (kg/h)
Phng trnh cn bng vt liu vit cho cu t phn b :
G . x = G c . xc + W . xw
Vi : x, xc la nng u va nng cui cua dung dch (%
khi lng)
Trong qua trnh c c coi khi lng cht tan khng b mt
mat theo lng hi bc ra.
Ta co :

G . x = G c . xc

(2)

T (1) va (2) : W = G (1- x/xc)

Theo cac s liu ban u : G = 12 (tn/gi) = 12000 (kg/h)
x = 6 (% khi lng) ; xc = 30 (% khi lng)

W = G (1- x/xc) = 12000 (1- 6/30) = 9600 (kg/h)

2) Xac nh nng cui cua mi ni :
W = W1 + W2
Vi W1, W2 : Lng hi th cua ni 1 va ni 2
Gia s : W1 = W2 = W/2 = 9600/2 = 4800 (kg/h)
Goi x1, x2 la nng dung dch ni 1 va ni 2

x1 = G . x/(G -W1) = 12000 . 6/(12000 - 4800) = 10 (% khi

lng)

x2 = G . x/(G - W1 - W2) = 12000 . 6/(12000 - 4800 - 4800) = 30

(%khi lng)
II. Cn bng nhit lng :
1) Xac nh ap sut trong cac ni :
Goi P1 , P2 la ap sut cua ni 1 va ni 2
Pnt

la ap sut trong thit b ngng tu

P1 la hiu s ap sut cua ni 1 so vi ni 2

P2 la hiu s ap sut cua ni 2 so vi thit b ngng

tu
Gia thit ta dung hi t dung bc hi va un nong la hi
nc bao hoa.
Goi P la hiu s ap sut cua toan h thng
Ta co :

P = P1 Pnt

Theo d liu a cho :

P1 = 4 (at) ; Pnt = 0,1 (at)

P = P1 Pnt = 4 - 0,1 = 3
Gia s

P1
= A = 1,7
P2

Vi P = P1 + P2 = 3,9

P1 = 2,46 ;

ma

P1 = P1 P2 = 2,46

P2 = 1,44

P2 = P2 + Pnt = 1,44

P2 = P2 Pnt = 1,44

+ 0,1 = 1,54 (at)

P1 = P1 + P2 = 2,46 + 1,54 = 4 (at)

Sau khi tnh toan ta c ap sut hi t la 4 (at) ung vi d

liu a cho.
2) Xac nh nhit cua cac ni :
Goi th1, th2, tnt la nhit cua hi t i vao ni 1, ni 2 va
thit b ngng tu
tht1, tht2 la nhit cua hi th i ra khoi ni 1 va ni 2

Coi s tn tht nhit do tr lc cua ng ng khi vn

chuyn hi t thit b nay qua thit b khac la 10C

tht1 = th2 + 1

(3)

tht2 = tnt + 1

(4)

T ap sut P1 , P2 a bit, tra bang I.251_Tr 314_STQTTB 1 ta

c th1, th2 cua ni 1 va ni 2
T cac cng thc (3) va (4) ta bit c tht1, tht2
T tht1, tht2, tra bang I.250_Tr 312_STQTTB 1 ta c ap sut cua
hi th ni 1 va ni 2
Lp bang I.1 :
Ni 1

Ni 2

TBBarm
et

P (at)

Hi t
Hi th

4
1,588

tC
142,9
112,5
0

P (at)

1,54
0,105

tC
111,5
46,4
0

P (at)

0,1

t0 C
45,4

8
6
3) Xac nh tn tht nhit :
a) Tn tht nhit do nng ( ) :
= t0sdd - t0sdm

S dung cng thc Tiasenco:

' = 0 .16 ,2.

Ts
r

Trong o :
Ts

: Nhit si cua dung mi (0K)

' 0

: Tn tht nhit do ap sut thng

r : n nhit hoa hi cua nc ap sut lam vic

Da vao bang VI.2_Tr 61_STQTTB 2 ta bit c ' 0 :
Bang I.2 :
Nng dung dch
(%khi lng)

Ni 1
10

Ni 2
30

' 0

0,63
3,2
(0C)
Davao bang I.251_Tr 314_STQTTB 1 ta xach nh c r :
Bang I.3 :
Ni 1
1,5888

Ni 2
0,1056

2227,56 .

2367,6 . 10 3

Ap sut hi th
(at)
Nhit hoa hi r

(J/kg)
10 3
'1 = ' 01 .16,2 . (tht1 + 273)2/r1 = 0,63 . 16,2 . ( 112,5 + 273)2/
3

(2227,56. 10 )=0,681(0C)

' 2 = ' 02

. 16.2 .(tht2 + 273)2/r2 = 3,2 . 16,2 .( 46,4 + 273) 2/(2367,6 .

10 3 )= 2,234(0C)

' = '1 +' 2 = 0,681 + 2,234 = 2,915(0C)

b) Tn tht nhit do ap sut thuy tnh ( ' ' ) :
y la s tn tht nhit do s chnh lch nhit si
cua lp cht long trn ming ng so vi lp cht long co
nhit si trung bnh (thng ly nhit si cua lp cht
long gia ng lam nhit si nay).
Ta co :

' ' = t(P + P) - tP

Ma ap sut thuy tnh lp gia cua khi cht long cn c

c :
Ptb = P0 + ( h + h/2). dds . g
Trong o:
P0 : ap sut hi th trn b mt dung dch (N/m2)
h : chiu cao cua lp dung dch si k t ming ng

trn cua ng truyn nhit n mt thoang cua dung dch

(m) .Thng chon h = 0,5m
h : chiu cao ng truyn nhit (m) ; h=1,7m

dds : khi lng ring cua dung dch khi si (kg/m3)

g : gia tc trong trng (m/s2).Thng chon g = 9,8 m/s2

Da vao bang I.204_Tr 236_STQTTB1 ta co Bang I.4:
Nng cua dung dch x%
Nhit si cua dung dch ap

Ni1
10
113,181

Ni2
30
48,634

sut cua mi ni T's

Khi lng ring cua dung dch dd

1,0195

1,2510

(kg/m3)
Da vao cac bangI.31_Tr38_STQTT1;I.250_Tr313_STQTTB1
Bang I.5 :
Nng dung dch x (%khi

Ni 1
10

Ni2
30

lng)
Nhit si cua d2 Ts ap sut

100,8576

103,4572

thng (0C)
Khi lng ring cua d2 dd

1,0195

1,2510

(kg/m3)
dds= dd/2 (kg/m3)
Ap sut hi th trn b mt d2 P

0,5098
1,5888

0,6255
0,1056

1,6577
1,0673

1,1405
1,1713

PsH2O

(at)
Ptb (at)
(at) cua nc nguyn cht

khi si Ts
S dung qui tc Bab tnh nhit si cua dung dch
gia ng truyn nhit :
P
P
= tb = 1/PsH2O
P0
Ps

Trong o: Ps : Ap sut cua dung dch nguyn cht co cung nhit

si vi dung dch co Ptb
P0 : Ap sut cua nc nguyn cht co cung nhit
si vi P

Ap sut cua dung dch su trung bnh va ap sut hi bao

hoa cua dung mi nguyn cht la:
Ni 1:

Ps1 = Ptb1. PsH2O= 1,6577 . 1,0673 = 1,7693 (at)

P01 = P1. PsH2O= 1,5888 . 1,0673 = 1,6957 (at)

Ni 1: Ps2 = Ptb2 . PsH2O = 1,1405 . 1,1713 = 1,3359 (at)
P02 = P2 . PsH2O = 0,1056 . 1,1713 = 1,2369 (at)
Da vao bang I.251_Tr 314_STQTTB 1 ta tm c nhit si
cua dung dch su trung bnh Tsva nhit si cua dung
mi nguyn cht T0 la :
Bang I.6:
Ps (at)
Ts (0C)
P0 (at)
Ni 1
1,7693
115,7474
1,6957
Ni 2
1,3359
107,2578
1,2369
' '1 = Ts1- T01= 115,7474 - 114,4226 = 1,3248 (0C)

T0 (0C)
114,4226
105,0303

' ' 2 = Ts2-T02= 107,2578 - 105,0303 = 2,2275 (0C)

' ' = ' '1 +' ' 2 = 1,3248 + 2,2275 =3,5523 (0C)
c) Tn tht nhit do ng ng ( ) :
Ta co tn tht nhit do ng ng ni 1 va ni 2 la
' ' '1 va ' ' ' 2

Coi tn tht nhit do ng ng la khng qua 10C.

' ' '1 = ' ' ' 2 = 10C

' ' ' = ' ' '1 +' ' ' 2 =1+1=20C

d) Tn tht nhit cho toan b h thng :

= '+' '+' ' ' = 2,915 +3,5523 +2 = 8,467 0C

Trong o:
1 = '1 +' '1 +' ' '1 = 0,681+1,3248 +1 =3,006 0C
2 = ' 2 +' ' 2 +' ' ' 2 = 2,234 + 2,2275 +1 = 5,461 0C

e) Hiu s nhit hu ch cho tng ni :

Ni 1 :

Thi1= th1- tht1 - 1 = 142,9 - 112,5 - 3,006 = 27,394 0C

Ni 2 :

Thi1= th2- tht2 - 2 = 111,5 -46,4 - 5,461 = 59,639 0C

h) Hiu s nhit hu ch cho toan b h thng :

Thi= Thi1+ Thi2= 27,394 + 59,639 =87,033 0C

4) Cn bng nhit lng :

a) Nhit dung ring C (J/kg ) :
_ Nu nh x < 20% ta tnh C theo cng thc :
C = 4186 (1- x)
_ Nu nh x >20% th C c tnh theo cng thc :
C = Cht . x + 4186 (1-x)
Trong o Cht : nhit dung ring cua cht hoa tan khan (J/kg )
Cht . M =

C .n
i

Vi M : Khi lng phn t cht ta tin hanh c c

Ci : Nhit dung ring cua cac n cht
ni : S nguyn t trong phn t
_ Nhit dung ring cua hn hp u :
x = 6%

C= 4186 ( 1- 6/100) = 3934,84 (J/kg )

_ Nhit dung ring cua dung dch ni 1:

x1= 10%

C1= 4186 (1-10/100) = 3767,4 (J/kg )

_ Nhit dung ring cua dung dch ni 2 :

x2=30%

C2=Cht . 30/100 + 4186 (1-30/100)

Ta co M = 208,3
Tra bang I.142_Tr153_STQTTB 1:
CBa = 26000 (J/kg )
CCl = 26000 (J/kg )
Co : nBa = 1,

nCl = 2

Cht = (CBa.nBa+CCl.nCl)/M= (26000.1+26000.2)/208,3 =374,46 (J/kg

)

C2=374,46.30/100+4186(1-30/100)=3042,538 (J/kg )

b) Nhit lng ring :

I : Nhit lng ring cua hi t (J/kg)
i : Nhit lng ring cua hi th (J/kg)
Da vao bang I.249_Tr 310_STQTTB 1(tra Cn, C) va bang I.250_Tr
312_STQTTB 1(tra I, i) ta co bang tng hp sau :Bang I.7 :
N

Hi

t
t(0C)

I.10

142,9

(J/kg)
2744,06

1
2

Hi

111,5

-3

2698,4

Cn(J/kg
)
4294,25
4235,55

th
t(0C)

Dung
i.10

(J/kg)
2700
3

112,5
46,4

2582,51

dch
C (J/kg

ts(0C)

)
3767,4

115,74

3042,53

74
107,25

6
8
78
c) Lp phng trnh cn bng nhit lng va tnh lng
hi t cn thit :
Goi :

D1, D2 la lng hi t cua ca 2 ni (trong o D1 cn

phai tm) (kg/h)

G, Gc lng dung dch u, cui (kg/h)
W1,W2 lng hi th bc ra t ni 1 va ni 2 (kg/h)
C, Cc nhit dung ring cua dung dch u, cui

(J/kg )

t,tc nhit u va cui cua dung dch (0C)

I1, I2 Ham nhit cua hi t ni 1 va ni 2 (J/kg)
i1, i2 ham nhit cua hi th ni 1 va ni 2 (J/kg)
Cn1,Cn2 nhit dung ring cua nc ngng ni 1 va ni 2
(J/kg )
1 , 2 Nhit cua nc ngng ni 1 va ni 2 (0C)

Qtt1, Qtt2 nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh t ni 1

va ni 2 (J)
W1i1=D2I2

W2i2

D1I1
Qtt1

G C t

Qtt2

(G-W1)C1t1
(G-W1-W2)C2t2
D1Cn1 1

D2Cn2 2

Hnh I.1: S h thng nhit lng cua ni 1 va

ni 2
Nhit lng vao :
_ Ni1:
+ Do hi t mang vao : D1I1
+ Do dung dch mang vao : GCt
_ Ni 2 :
+ Do hi t mang vao : D2I2
+ Do dung dch ni 1 mang vao : (G-W1)C1t1
Nhit lng ra :
_ Ni 1 :
+ Do hi th mang ra : W1i1
+ Do dung dch mang ra : (G-W1)C1t1
+ Do hi nc ngng tu mang ra : D1Cn1 1
+ Do tn tht chung : Qtt1=0,05D1(I1-Cn1 1 )
_ Ni 2 :
+Do hi th mang ra : W2i2
+ Do san phm mang ra : (G-W1-W2)C2t2
+ Do hi nc ngng tu mang ra : D2Cn2 2
+ Do tn tht chung : Qtt2=0,05D2(I2-Cn2 2 )
Phng trnh cn bng nhit lng :

vao

ra

_ Ni 1 : D1I1 + GCt = W1i1 + (G-W1)C1t1 + D1Cn1 1 + 0,05D1(I1-Cn1

1 )

(1)

_ Ni 2 : D2I2+(G-W1)C1t1=W2i2+(G-W1-W2)C2t2 +D2Cn2 2 + 0,05D2(I2Cn2 2 )

(2)

Vi D2=W1,

W1i1=D2I2, W=W1+W2

Ta co :
(2) W1I2+GC1t1-W1C1t1=Wi2-W1i2+GC2t2-WC2t2+W1Cn2 2 +0,05W1I20,05W1Cn2 2

W1(0,95I2-C1t1+i2-0,95Cn2 2 )=G(C2t2-C1t1)+W(i2-C2t2)

W1=[G(C2t2-C1t1)+W(i2-C2t2)]/(0,95I2-C1t1+i2-0,95Cn2 2 )
W1=[12000(3042,538.107,25783767,4.115,7474)+9600(2582,516.103-3042,538.107,2578)]/
(0,95.2698,4.103-3767,4.115,7474+2582,516.1030,95.4235,55.111,5)
Vi 2 =Th2 , 1 =Th1

W1=4773,816 (kg/h)

W2=W-W1=9600-

4773,816=4826,184 (kg/h)
Thay W1 va tm c vao (1) ta co:
0,95D1(I1-Cn1 1 )=W1i1+(G-W1)C1t1-GCt

D1=[W1i1+(G-W1)C1t1-GCt]/[0,95(I1-Cn1 1 )]
Coi dung dch ban u i vao ni 1 nhit si va ap sut
kh quyn t=100,8576 (0C)

D1=[4773,816.2700.103+(12000-4773,816)3767,4.115,747412000.3934,84.100,8576]/[0,95(2744,06.103-4294,25.142,9)

D1=5572,483 (kg/h)
_ Tnh sai s :

+Ni1: 1 = (4800-4773,861)/4773,861 * 100% =0,548% < 5%

+Ni2: 2 =(4826,184-4800)/4826,184 *100% = 0,543% <5%
Nh vy cac kt qua tnh toan trn c chp nhn.
III. Tnh b mt truyn nhit :
1) Cac thng s c ban cua dung dch:
1.1) nht:
S dung cng thc Pavalov :
t1 t 2
= k =const
1 2

Trong o : t1, t2 la nhit cua cht long co nht la 1 , 2

1 , 2 nhit cua cht long tiu chun co nht

la 1 , 2 . Thng y ngi ta ly nc lam cht long tiu

chun
Chon t1= 300C, ta co 1 = 1,6014. 10-3 (N.s/m2) 1 = 3,33850C
t2= 400C, ta co 2 = 1,312. 10-3 (N.s/m2)

2 = 9,89470C

t1 t 2
30 40
=
= 1,5253
1 2 3,3385 9,8947

T o ta co : s =
Ni 1:

ts t2
+2
k

s1 =

115 ,7474 40
+ 9,8947
1,5253

= 59,55620C

s1 =

107 ,2578 40
+ 9,8947
1,5253

= 53,99030C

s 2 =

0,4720 . 10-3(N.s/m2)
Ni 2:

s 2 =

0,5147 .10-3(N.s/m2)
Vy nht cua dung dch la :

1 = 0,4720 . 10-3 (N.s/m2)

2 = 0,5147 . 10-3 (N.s/m2)

1.2) H s truyn nhit cua dung dch :

d = A.C P .3

Trong o : A : H s phu thuc mc lin kt cua cht long

i vi nc
Thng A = 3,58 . 10-8
CP : Nhit dung ring ng ap cua cht long

: Khi lng ring cua cht long

M : Khi lng Mol cua cht long
Ta co :

M= mi . Md + (1 - mi). MH2O
xi
Md
mi =
xi
1 xi
+
M d M H 2O

Ni 1 :

0,1
208 ,327
m i1 =
0,1
1 0,1 =
+
208 ,327
18

0,0095

M1= mi1. Md + (1 - mi1)MH2O= 0,0095. 208,327 + (1- 0,0095). 18=

19,8098
d 1 = A.C P ..3

Ni2 : mi 2

M1

= 3,58 .10 8.3767 ,4.1,0195 .10 3.3

0,3
208 ,327
=
0,3
1 0,3
+
208 ,327
18

1,0195 .10 3
= 0,5115
19 ,8098

= 0,0375

M2 = mi2 . Md + (1 - mi2)MH2O= 0,0375 . 208,327 + (1- 0,0375).

18= 24,7961
d 2 = A.C P ..3

M2

= 3,58 .10 8.3042 ,538 .1,2510 .10 3.3

1,2510 .10 3
= 0,5035
24 ,7961

1.3) Tnh h s cp nhit :

M ta s truyn nhit qua vach ng :
Thit b c c co khu vc si b tr bn trong ng, pha
ngoai ng co mt lp nc ngng tu. Mang nc ngng nay

co anh hng n qua trnh truyn nhit. ng thi sat thanh

ng pha bn trong co mt lp cn dung dch bam vao, lp cn
nay cung anh hng n qua trnh truyn nhit.
Qua trnh truyn nhit t hi t n dung dch trong ng
dn gm 3 giai oan:
-

Truyn nhit t hi t n b mt ngoai cua ng

truyn nhit vi h s cp nhit 1 va nhit tai ring
q1(w/m2)

Dn nhit qua ng truyn nhit co b day

Truyn nhit t ng truyn nhit vao dung

dch vi h s cp nhit 2 va nhit tai ring q2 (w/m2)

a) Giai oan cp nhit t hi t n thanh thit b :
q1= 1 .t1
Trong o t1 hiu s nhit cua hi: t1 = th - tT1, chon t11 =
5,10C Vi ni 1
Chon t12 =5,850C Vi
ni 2
1 c xac nh theo cng thc Luxen :
1 = 2,04 .4

r. 2 .2
.t1 .H

Vi r : n nhit hoa hi cua hi t. Tra bang I.250 _Tr

312_STQTTB 1, ta co :
Bang I.8:
Nhit hi

Ni1
142,9

Ni2
111,5

t th
r

2135,5.103

2230,1.103

:Khi lng ring cua mang nc ngng

H : Chiu cao ng cua ng truyn nhit; H=1,7m

1 = 2,04 . A.(
vi

A=4

r
)
H .t1

2 .2
; A phu thuc vao nhit mang nc

ngng.
Ta co : Nhit cua mang nc ngng:
tm= th -

t1
2

T o tra bang Tr29_STQTTB 2 ta co A.

Bang I.9:
Ni 1
142,9
140,35
194,0525

th
tm
A

Ni 1: 11 = 2,04 . A.(

Ni 2
111,5
108,575
182,8588

r
2135 ,5.10 3 0, 25
) = 2,04 .194 ,0525 .(
)
= 8819,0038
H .t1
1,7.5,1

q11 = 11 .t11 =8819,0038.5,1= 44976,9193 (w/m2)

Ni 2 : 1 2 = 2,04 . A.(

r
2230 ,1.10 3 0, 25
) = 2,04 .182 ,8588 .(
)
=
H .t1
1,7.5,85

8117,5655

q1 2 = 1 2 . t1 2 = 8117,5655.5,85 = 47487,758 (w/m2)

b) Giai oan cp nhit t thanh thit b n dung dch :
Ta co :

q 2 = 2 .t 2

Trong o t 2 la hiu s nhit cua thanh ng va dung dch si,

t 2 = t T 2 t s (Vi

tT2 : nhit cua thanh ng pha dung dch)

tT2= th- t1 - t
2

c xac nh bng cng thc: 2 =.n

Vi : hiu s hiu chnh

: Hiu s cp nhit cua nc

C

= ( d ) 0,565 .( d ) 2 .( d ).( n )
n
C n d
n

0 , 435

Trong o: d , d , C d , d ln lt la h s truyn nhit, khi

lng ring, nhit dung ring va nht cua dung dch.
n , n , C n , n la h s truyn nhit, khi lng ring, nhit dung

ring va nht cua nc.

Bang I.10: Cac thng s cua dung dch

d
d
Cd

Vi nhit si

Ni 1
Ni 2
2,3362
2,4772
3
1,0195.10
1,2510.103
3767,4
3042,538
3
0,4720.100,5147.10-3
ni 1 la ts1= 113,1810C, nhit si cua ni

2 la ts2= 48,6340C; tra bang I.249_Tr 311_STQTTB 1 ta co:

Bang I.11: Cac thng s cua nc :
Ni 1
0,6846
948,4870
4235,531
0,000252

n
n
Cn

Ni 1:

1 = ( d 1 ) 0,565 .( d 1 ) 2 .( d 1 ).( n1 )
n1
C n1 d 1
n1

0 , 435

Ni 2
0,6454
988,646
4178
0,000562

2,3362 0,565 1,0195.10 3 2 3767,4

0,000252
=(
)
.(
) .(
).(
)
0,6846
4235,531 0,000472
948,4870

0 , 43

= 0,6532
Ni 2:

C

2 = ( d 2 ) 0,565 .( d 2 ) 2 .( d 2 ).( n 2 )
n 2
C n 2 d 2
n 2

= 0,9657
Ta co:

0 , 435

2,4772 0.565 1,251 .10 3 2 3042 ,538 0,000562

=(
)
.(
) .(
).(
0,6454
4178
0,000515
988 ,646

0 , 435

n = 3,14 . p 0 ,15 .q 0, 7 hay

n = 45 ,3. p 0,5 .t 2,33

Vi: p : Ap sut lam vic cua tng ni hay la ap sut tuyt

i trn b mt dung dch
q : nhit tai ring
t

:Hiu s nhit hai bn thanh ng

t = q1 . r vi r la tng nhit tr
r = r1 + r2 + r3

Trong o : r1 : nhit tr do lp nc ngng

r2 : nhit tr do lp cn cua dung dch bam trn thanh
ng
r3 : nhit tr qua lp vt liu
Vi lp nc sach : r1 = 1,24 .10 3
Vi lp cn ba

: r2 = 0,38 .10 3

Con

r3

Vi ng truyn nhit ngi ta thng dung thep CT3 co chiu

day = 2 4mm
Lp vt liu co h s truyn nhit = 50 (w/m.)
Ni 1: Chon r =0,00024
T1 = q11 . r = 44976,9193.0,00024= 10,7945 (0C)

n1 = 3,14. p1

0 ,15

.q11

0, 7

= 3,14.1,5888 0,15.44976,9193 0,7 = 6083,91

Ni 2: Chon r = 0,00099
T2 = q12 . r = 47487 ,758 .0,00099 = 47,0129 (0C)

n 2 = 3,14. p 2

0 ,15

.q12

0,7

= 3,14.1,056 0,15.47487,758 0,7 = 5944,1041

T o ta co : Vi ni 1: 21 =1 .n1 =0,6532.6083,91= 3974,1760

t T 21 = t hd 1 t11 T1 =
t 21 = t T 21 t s1 =

142,9- 5,1-10,7945= 127,00550C

127,0055-113,181=13,82470C

q 21 = 21 .t 21 =3974,1760.13,8247 =54941,60 (w/m2)

22 = 2 . n 2 = 0,9657.5944,1041=5740,3647

Vi ni 2:

t T 22 = t hd 2 t12 T2 =
t 22 = t T 22 t s 2 =

111,5- 5,85- 47,0129= 58,63710C

58,6371-48,634=10,00340C

q 22 = 22 . t 2 2 = 5740,3647.10,0034= 57423,227 (w/m2)

Tng lng nhit Q cua mi ni :
_ Ni 1:

Q1=(q11+ q21)/2

=(44976,9193+54941,60)/2=49959,2610 (w/m2)
_ Ni 2:

Q2=(q12+ q22)/2 =

(47487,758+57423,227)/2=52455,493 (w/m2)
* Sai s:
1 =

q 21 Q1
54941,60 49959,2610
.100% =
.100% = 9,9728%<10%
Q1
49959,2610

2 =

Q2 q 22
57423,227 52455,493
.100% =
.100% = 9,4704%<10%
Q2
52455,493

* Tnh h s phn b nhit trong tng ni:

Xem h s truyn nhit trong cac ni la nh nhau: F1=F2
Khi o nhit hu ch trong cac ni c tnh :
Qi
Ki
t hi i ( K ) =
t hi
Qi

Ki

Trong o : t hi : Tng nhit hu ch trong h thng.

H s truyn nhit:
K=

_ Ni 1:

1
1
1
+ r +
1
2

r = 0,00024

K1 =

1
1

11

_ Ni 2:
K2 =

+ r +

21

1
1
1
= 1652,8489
+ 0,00024 +
8819 ,0038
3974 ,1760

r =0,00099
1
1

12

+ r +

22

1
1
1
= 776,7626
+ 0,00099 +
8117 ,5655
5740 ,3647

Lng nhit truyn vao trong cac ni:

Di .ri
3600

Qi =

Vi Di la lng hi t cua mi ni
ri la n nhit ngng tu cua hi

_ Ni 1:

Q1 =

D1 .r1 5572 ,483 .2135500

=
= 3305566,023 (w/m2)
3600
3600

_ Ni 2:

Q2 =

D2 .r2 W1 .r2
4773 ,8157 .2230100
=
=
= 2957264,2264 (w/m2)
3600
3600
3600

Ta co hiu s nhit hu ch cho toan h thng la:

t hi = 87,0330C

Nhit hu ch cua tng ni la:

Q1
K1

3305566 ,023
1652 ,8489
=
. t hi =
.87,033 =
Q1 Q2
3305566 ,023 2957264 ,2264
+
+
1652 ,8489
776,7626
K1 K 2

_Ni 1: t hi 1

29,97370C
Q2
K2

2957246 ,2264
776,7626
=
. t hi =
.87,033 =
Q1 Q2
3305566 ,023 2957246 ,2264
+
+
1652 ,8489
776 ,7626
K1 K 2

_Ni2: t hi 2

57,05940C
*Sai s nhit hu ch:
_Ni 1: 1 =
_ Ni2: 2

29 ,9737 27 ,394
.100 % = 9,4158%
27 ,394

59 ,639 57 ,0594
.100 % = 4,3250%
59 ,639

<10%
<10%

Nh vy cac sai s so vi gia thit ban u u nho hn 10%.

Nh vy kt qua cui cung
co th chp nhn c.
Bang I.12:
K
D
Ni 1652,84 5572,48

r.10-3
2135

Q
49959,2

QK
3305566,0

thi
29,973

Thi
27,3

1
89
3
Ni 776,762 4773,81

,5
2230

610
52455,4

23
2957246,2

7
57,059

94
59,6

2
6
Thc t:

,1

93

264

39

57

B mt truyn nhit cua ni 1 la:

F1 =

Q1
3305566 ,023
=
= 73,0049 m2
K 1 .t hi 1 1652 ,8489 .27 ,394

B mt truyn nhit cua ni 2 la:

F2 =

Q2
2957246 ,2264
=
= 63,8367 m2
K 2 .t hi 2
776 ,7626 .59 ,639

Theo gia thit:

F1 = F2 =

Q1
3305566 ,023
=
= 66,7225 m2
K 1 .t hi1 1652 ,8489 .29 ,9737

Nh vy da vao F1,F2 ta co th thit k h thng c c 2

ni bung t treo co din tch truyn nhit bng nhau va
bng 80 m2.

Phn II: TNH TOAN THIT B CHNH

I. Tnh bung t:
1) Tnh s ng truyn nhit :
Chon ng knh ng truyn nhit la: d0= 40 mm =0,04 m
Chiu cao ng truyn nhit nh a chon trn la h=1,7 m
S ng truyn nhit la:
n=

F
80
=
= 374,6722
d 0 .h.
0,04 .1,7.3,14

Chon kiu b tr ng truyn nhit theohnh luc giac u.

Da vao bang V.11_Tr48_STQTTB 2 ta chon s ng truyn
nhit theo quy chun la
n= 439 ng
Cach b tr ng :
_ S hnh 6 canh : 11
_ S ng trn ng xuyn tm cua hnh 6 canh: 23
_ Tng s ng khng k cac ng trong cac hnh vin phn: 397
_ S ng trong cac hnh vin phn:
+ day th nht: 7
+ Tng s ng trong tt ca cac vin phn: 42
2) ng knh cua bung t:
Ta co: Cng thc tnh ng knh trong cua bung t la:
Dt = t(b-1) + 4.d

(m)

( V.140_Tr 49_STQTTB 2)

Trong o :
b: S ng trn ng xuyn tm cua hnh 6 canh
d: ng knh ngoai cua ng truyn nhit
t: Bc ng ; chon t = 1,3d0
Vi d la ng knh ng truyn nhit trong bung t.

d0=0,04 (m) th t = 1,3. 0,04 = 0.052 (m)

Chon b day ng truyn nhit =4mm =0,004 m

d = d0 + 2. = 0,04 +2. 0,004 = 0,048 m = 48 mm

Theo cach phn b th ta co b= 23

Dt= 0,052.(23-1)+ 4. 0,048 = 1,336 m
Chon ng knh trong cuabung t theo qui chun: Dt= 1,4 m
* Tnh b day cua bung t:
Vt liu dung ch tao bung t thng s dung thep
chu nhit CT3.
Da vao cng thc XIII.8_Tr 360_STQTTB 2 ta co b day cua thn
bung t la:
S=

Dt . p
+ C (m)
2[ ] p

(XIII.8_Tr 360_STQTTB 2)

Trong o:
Dt: ng knh trong cua bung t

[] :ng sut cho phep

: H s bn cua thanh hnh tru theo phng doc
P : Ap sut trong thit b
C : H s b sung do n mon, bao mon va dung sai v
chiu day
Ta co:
*Dt = 1,4 m
*Trong trng hp nay ta chon h s bn cua thanh hnh tru
bng h s bn cua mi han hay =h ;Da vao bang XIII.8
chon h =0,95 = 0,95
* [] : Bao gm ng sut khi keo [k ] va ng sut cho phep theo
gii han dong chay [ c ]
_ ng sut keo:

[ k ] = k . (N/m2)
n

(XIII.1_Tr 355_STQTTB 2)

Vi la h s hiu chnh; Da vao bang XIII.2_Tr 356_STQTTB

2, chon = 0,9
nk la h s an toan theo gii han bn; Da vao bang
XIII.3_Tr 356_STQTTB 2, chon

nk =2,6

Do ta chon vt liu la thep CT3 nn da vao bang XII.4_Tr

309_STQTTB 2 ta co :
k = 380 .106

[ k ] = k . = 380 .10
nk

(N/m2)
6

.0,9 = 131,5385 .106

2,6

(N/m2)

_ng sut cho phep theo gii han chay:

[ c ] = c .
nc

Chon:

(N/m2)

= 0,9

(XIII.2_Tr 355_STQTTB 2)

Da vao bang XIII.2_Tr 356_STQTTB 2

nc= 1,5 (nc la h s an toan theo gii han chay)

Da vao bang XIII.3_Tr 356_STQTTB2
c = 240. 106

[ c ] = c . = 240 .10
nc

1,5

(N/m2) Da vao bang XII.4_Tr 309_STQTTB 2

6

.0,9 = 144. 106

(N/m2)

ng sut cho phep se ly gia tr nho tnh toan am bao

iu kin bn
Hay [] = 131,5383. 106

(N/m2)

* ai lng b sung C phu thuc vao n mon, bao

mon, va dung sai cua chiu day. ai lng C c xac nh
theo cng thc sau:
C= C1+ C2 +C3 (m)
Trong o: C1la ai lng b sung do n mon; Chon C1=1mm

C2la ai lng b sung do hao mon; a s trng

hp khi tnh toan thit b hoa cht ta co th bo qua C2, nn
y chon C2= 0
C3la ai lng b sung do dung sai cua chiu day,
C3phu thuc vao chiu day tm vt liu; Chon C3= 0,4mm
da vao bang XIII.9_Tr 364_STQTTB 2

C= 1+ 0+ 0,4 = 1,4mm = 0,0014 m

* Ap sut trong thit b P la tng ap sut s ap sut hi t
Ph va ap sut thuy tnh cua ct cht long Pl.
Hay: P =Ph + Pl
Pl= g. .h Vi: g la gia tc trong trng; g= 9,81 m/s2

Ta co:

la khi lng ring cua cht long

h la chiu cao ct cht long; h= 1,7+ 0,5 =
2,2 m
_Ni1: Ph1= 4 at
Pl1= g. 1 .h
Do 1 = 1,0195.103

Pl1= 9,81.1,0195.103.2,2= 22002,85 (N/m2)

P1= Ph1+Pl1 = 4. 9,81 .104+ 22002,85= 414402,85(N/m2)

S1 =

Dt .P
1,4.414402 ,85
+C =
+ 0,0014 = 0,0037 m
2[ ] P
2.131,5385 .10 6.0,95 414402 ,85

Chon S1= 0,004m = 4mm am bao bn.

V ni 2 lam vic ap sut thp hn ni 1 va thun tin
cho vic ch tao ta chon b day bung t ni 2 la S2 =
4mm.
* Kim tra ng sut theo ap sut th:
=

[ Dt + ( S C )].P0
2( S C ).

c
(N/m2)
1,2

(XIII.26_Tr 365_STQTTB 2)

Ap sut th tnh toan P0 c xac nh theo cng thc:

P0= Pth+ P1

(N/m2)

Trong o: Pth la ap sut th thuy lc; Theo bang XIII.5_Tr

358_STQTTB 2, chon Pth=1,5Ph = 1,5. 4.9,81. 104 = 588600 (N/m2)
P1 la ap thuy tnh cua ct cht long; Theo trn P1=
22002,85 (N/m2)

P0= 588600 + 22002,85 = 610602,85 (N/m2)

[ Dt + ( S C )].P0
2( S C )

[1,4 + (0,004 0,0014 )].610602 ,85

2.( 0,004 0.0014 ).0,95

= 173,3667.106

(N/m2)
c
1,2

<

240 .10 6
1,2

= 200.106 (N/m2)

c
1,2

Vy S1= S2 = 4mm la at yu cu.

3) Tnh chiu day cua v ng:
Hai v phai am bao gi cht ng sau khi nung, gi nguyn hnh
dang sau khi khoan va nung, bn di tac dung cua ng sut
va co kha nng chng n mon cao.
B day cua v ng c tnh theo cng thc:
Sv =

d0
40
+5=
+ 5 = 10 mm
8
8

4) Tnh b day cua ay bung t:

ay bung t c lam theo hnh non co g vi goc ay la
= 600C.
Ta co b day ay bung t c tnh theo cng thc sau:
Sd =

Dt .P. y
+ C (m)
2.[ u ]. h

(XIII.52_Tr 399_STQTTB 2)

Trong o: y la yu t hnh dang ay; Xac nh theo th

XIII.15_Tr 400_STQTTB 2 ta co ly y= 0,98.
Dt = 1,4 m
P = 414402,85 (N/m2)

[u ] = 131,5385.106 (N/m2)
h = 0,95

C = 0,0014 m

Sd =

1,4.414402 ,85 .0,98

+ 0,0014 = 0,0037m
2.131 ,5385 .10 6.0,95

Chon S =0,004m
* Kim tra ng sut thanh cua ay bung t ap sut th
thuy lc:
Ap dung cng thc:
=

Dt .P0 . y

c
2.( S d C ).h 1,2

Ta co:
=

ma

c
1,2

<

(N/m2)

P0 =610602,85 (N/m2)
1,4.610602 ,85 .0,98
2.( 0,004 0,0014 ). 0,95

= 200.106

= 169,5844.106 (N/m2)

(N/m2)

c
1,2

Vy tin cho vic ch tao ta chon b day ay bung

t cua ca 2 ni la S= 4mm.
5) Chiu cao bung t:
Chon chiu cao bung t la H = 1,8m.
6) Khoang trng vanh khn:
Ta co:

Fvk = 20%

Vi: Fvk: la din tch cua khoang trng vanh khn

F0: la tng din tch b mt truyn nhit
Ma:

F0 = n.

.d 2
4

n : tng s ng truyn nhit

d : la ng knh cua ng truyn nhit

3,41 .( 0,04 ) 2
F0= 439.
= 0,05 (m2)
4

Fvk= 0,05.20/100 = 0,11 (m2)

.Dng 2

Ta co:

.Dtr 2
4

= Fvk

Dng : ng knh cua thn thit b phn bung t

Dtr : ng knh cua bung t
3,14 .Dng
4

3,14 .(1,4) 2
= 0,11

Dng= 1,45m
Chon ng knh cua thn bung t phn bung t 1,5m.
II) Bung bc:
1) ng knh bung bc:
Chon ng knh trong cua bung bc la: Db= 1,5 m
2) Chiu cao cua bung bc:
Ta co:

Hb= Hkgh + 0,5

Trong o: Hkgh la chiu cao cua khng gian hi

Hkgh =

4Vkgh

.Db 2

(m)

(VI.34_Tr 72_STQTTB 2)

Vi Db la ng knh bung bc; Db = 1,5m

Vkgh la th tch khng gian hi (m3); Vkgh c tnh bng cng
thc:
Vkgh =

W
ht .U tt

(m3)

_ W la lng hi th bc ln trong thit b (kg/h)

_ ht la khi lng ring cua hi th (kg/m3)
_ Utt la cng bc hi trong khoang khng gian hi (m3/m3.h)

* Ni1: Ta co:
W1= 4773,8157 (kg/h)
Nhit hi th ni1 la Tht = 112,50C ht = 1,0412
(kg/m3)
Vi Pht = 1,5888 (at) nn Utt= f. Utt (1at)
Trong o f la h s hiu chnh; da vao th VI.3_Tr
72_STQTTB 2 chon f= 0,85
Con Utt (1at) la cng bc hi th tch cho phep khi P= 1at;
Chon Utt (at) =1600 m3/m3.h

Utt = 0,85. 1600 = 1360 (m3/m3.h)

Vkgh =

4773 ,8157
1,0412 .1360

H kgh =

4.Vkgh

.Db

= 3,3714 (m3)

4.3,3714
=1,9088 m
3,14.1,5 2

Hb= Hkgh + 0,5 =1,9088 + 0,5= 2,4088 m

* ni 2 do Pht < 1(at) nn f tng nhanh, dn n Vkgh giam
Chiu cao bung bc se giam.
Ta co th chon chiu cao bung bc cua 2 ni bng nhau va
bng 2m.
3) B day bung bc:
Vt liu dung ch tao bung bc la thep CT3
B day bung bc c tnh theo cng thc:
S=

Db .P
+ C (m)
2.[ ] P

(XIII.8_Tr 360_STQTTB 2)

Vi: Db= 1,5 m

= 0,95
[] = 131,5385.106 (N/m2)
C= 0,0014 m
* Ni1:

P= Pht1+ Pl
Vi Pht1 la ap sut hi th cua ni 1; Pht1=1,5888 at
Pl la ap sut thuy tnh ng vi chiu cao ct cht long
trong bung bc cua ni 1.
Pl= g. .h ; Trong o: g=9,81 m/s2

= 1,0195.103 kg/m3
h= 0,5 m

Pl= 9,81.1,0195.103.0,5= 5000,648 (N/m2)

P= 1,5888.9,81.104+ 5000,648 = 160861,9275 (N/m2)
S=

1,5.160861 ,9275
+ 0,0014 = 0,0024m
2.131 ,5385 .10 6.0,95 160861 ,9275

Chon S = 0,003m
* Kim tra ng sut theo ap sut th :
=

[ Db + ( S C )].P0
2.( S C ).

<

c
(N/m2)
1,2

(XIII.26_Tr 365_STQTTB 2)

Vi

P0 = 1,5Pht+ Pl

_Ni 1:

P0 = 1,5.1,5888.9,81.104+ 5000,648 =238792,5675 (N/m2)

=
ma

c
1,2

<

[1,5 + (0,003 0,0014 )].238792 ,5675

2.( 0,003 0,0014 ). 0,95

= 117,951.106 (N/m2)

= 200.106 (N/m2)
c
1,2

Nh vy b day bung bc S = 3mm la am bao bn.

Ni 2 lam vic ap sut nho hn ni 1 am bao bn
nn ta co th chon b day bung bc cua 2 ni la S = 3mm.
4) B day np cua bung bc:
Np cua bung bc c lam theo hnh elip co g.
B day cua np c tnh bng cng thc sau:

Sn =

Db .P
D
. b + C (m)
3,8.[ k ].k .h P 2.hb

(XIII.47_Tr 385_STQTTB 2)

Trong o:
Dt = 1,5 m

[ K ] = 131,5385.106 (N/m2)
h = 0,95

Do y S - C <10mm nn C = 0,0014+0,002=0,0034 m
hb la chiu cao phn li cua ay; hb =0,25.Dt = 0,25.1,4=
0,35 m
k la h s khng th nguyn, c xac nh bng cng
thc sau:
d

k= 1- D vi d la ng knh ln nht cua l trn np

b
thit b
Chon d= 0,6m

0,6

k= 1- 1,5 = 0,6

P la ap sut hi th cua thit b

Vi ni 1:

S=

Pht = 1,5888.9,81.104 = 155861,2800 (N/m2)

1,5.155861 ,2800
1,4
.
+ 0,0034 = 0,005 m
6
3,8.131 ,5385 .10 .0,6.0,95 155861 ,2800 2.0,35

* Kim tra ng sut thanh ap sut thuy lc:

[D

+ 2.hb .( S C ) .P0 c

(N/m2)
7,6.k . h .hb .( S C )
1,2
2

Vi P0 = 1,5Pht =1,5.155861,2800 = 233791,92 (N/m2)

=
Ma

c
1,2

<

[1,5

=200.106 (N/m2)
c
1,2

+ 2.0,35 .( 0,005 0,0034 ) .233791 ,92

= 197,3078.106 (N/m2)
7,6.0,6.0,95 .0,35 .( 0,005 0,0034 )

Nh vy vi np co b day la 5 mm se am bao bn.

Do ap sut ni 2 nho hn ni 1 nn ta chon b day np ni2
cung bng 5mm am bao bn.
5) Ca sa cha va v sinh:
Chon ng knh ca sa cha va v sinh la 0,5m thun
tin cho vic sa cha va v sinh thit b.
III.Tnh toan ng knh ng dn:
1) ng knh ng dn hi t:
dd =

Vs
0.785 .w

(m)

(VII.42_Tr 74_STQTTB 2)

Trong o: Vs la lu lng cua hi t i trong ng (m3/s); Vs= v.D

D la lng hi t i trong ng (kg/h)
v la th tch ring cua hi t (m3/kg); tm v bng
cach tra bang I.250_Tr 312_STQTTB 1 da vao ap sut P.
w la vn tc cua hi i trong ng (m/s)
* Ni 1:
Co: Ph1= 4 (at)

v= 0.4739 (m3/kg)

D1 = 5572,483 (kg/h)
Chon:

d1 =

w1= 20m/s
5572 ,483 .0,4739
3600 .0,785 .20

= 0,2162 m

* Ni 2:
Co: Ph2 = 1,54 (at)

v= 1.1597 (m3/kg)

D2=W1= 4773,816 (kg/h)

Chon: w2= 25 m/s

d2 =

4773 ,816 .1,1597

3600 .0,785 .25

= 0,28 m

Chon ng knh ng dn hi t cho ca 2 ni la d = 0,3 m =

300 mm.
2) ng knh ng dn hi th :
* Ni1:

Pht1= 1,5888 (at)

v= 1,128 (m3/kg)

W1= 4773,816 (kg/h)

Chon: w1= 30 m/s

d'1=

4773 ,816 .1,128

3600 .0,785 .30

= 0,252 m

* Ni2:

Pht2= 0,1056 (at)

v= 14,373 (m3/kg)

W2= 4826,184 (kg/h)

Chon: w2= 70 m/s

d'2=

4826 ,184 .14 ,373

3600 .0,785 .70

= 0,5922 m

Chon ng knh ng dn hi th ra cua ca hai ni la d'=

0,6m = 600 mm.
3) ng knh ng dn dung dch:
d=

G
0,785 ..w

(m)

Vi: G la lng dung dch (kg/h)

la khi lng ring dung dch (kg/m3)

w la vn tc dung dch ( m/s)
* ng knh ng dn dung dch vao ni 1:
G1= 12000 (kg/h)
1 = 1,0195.103(kg/m3)

Chon:

d1=

w= 1,5 (m/s)
12000
3600 .0,785 .1,0195 .10 3.1,5

= 0,053m =53mm

* ng knh ng dn dung dch vao ni2:

G2= G1-W1= 12000- 4773,816 = 7226,184 (kg/h)

2 = 1,251. 103 (kg/m3)

Chon:

d 2=

w= 1,05 (m/s)
7226 ,184
3600 .0,785 .1,251 .10 3.1,05

= 0,044m = 44mm

Chon ng knh ng dn dung dch vao ca 2 ni la d= 0,07m

= 70mm.
* ng knh ng dn dung dch ra khoi ni1:
G1'= G1-W1= 12000- 4773,816= 7226,184 (kg/h)
1 = 1,0195.103(kg/m3)

Chon w= 1,25 (m/s)

d1'=

7226 ,184
3600 .0,785 .1,0195 .10 3.1,25

= 0,045m = 45mm

* ng knh ng dn dung dch ra khoi ni2:

G2'= G1-W = 12000- 9600 = 2400 (kg/h)
2 = 1,251. 103 (kg/m3)

Chon: w= 0,75 m/s

d2' =

2400
3600 .0,785 .1,251 .10 3.0,75

= 0,030m =30 mm

Chon ng knh ng dn dung dch ra ca hai ni la d'=

0,050m =50 mm.
4) ng knh ng thai nc ngng:
dn=

Vs
(m)
0,785 .w

Vi: Vs la lu lng nc chay trong ng; Vs= D. v

D la lng hi t (kg/h)
v la th tch ring cua hi t (m3/kg); v co c bng
cach tra bang I.5_Tr 12_ STQTTB 1 da vao nhit hi t.
w la vn tc cua nc i trong ng (m/s)

* Ni1:

th1= 142,90C

v = 0,0011 (m3/kg)

D1= 5572,483 (kg/h)

Chon:

w = 1,35 (m/s)

dn1=

5572 ,483 .0,0011

3600 .0,785 .1,35

= 0,04 m = 40mm

* Ni2:

th2= 111,50C

v = 0,00105 (m3/kg)

D2 = 4773,816 (kg/h)
Chon: w = 1,35 (m/s)

dn2=

4773 ,816 .0,00105

3600 .0,785 .1,35

= 0,0363 m =36,3 mm

Chon ng knh ng thoat nc ngng cua ca hai ni la dn=

40 mm
IV.Tnh b day lp cach nhit:
Lp cach nhit c lam bng amian cach nhit.
B day lp cach nhit c tnh theo cng thc:
1, 2

2,8.d n .1,35 .tT 2

1, 5

q1

1, 3

(V.137_Tr 41_STQTTB 2)

Trong o:
dn la ng knh ngoai cua thit b
la h s dn nhit cua lp cach nhit; tm c

bng cac tra th I.36_Tr 129_STQTTB 1 da vao nhit

tT2.
tT2 la nhit cua thanh ngoai ng dn, ly bng nhit
cua cht tip xuc.
q1 la tn tht nhit tnh theo 1m chiu dai thit b; q1 tm
c bng cach tra bang V.7_Tr 42_STQTTB 2.
1) Cach nhit cho ng dn:

B day cach nhit boc cac ng dn trong iu kin cp

nhit ra mi trng khng kh chuyn ng t do. Nhit
toa ra mi trng xung quanh khoang 200C.
* ng dn hi t:
Bang II.1:

dn (m)
tT2 (0C)
(W/m.)
q1 (W/m)

Ni1
0,3
142,9
0,11
166,1124

Ni2
0,3
111,5
0,108
136,094

_ Ni1:
1 =

2,8.0,31, 2.0,11 1,35 .142 ,91,3

= 0,0099 (m)
166 ,1124 1,5

2 =

2,8.0,31, 2.0,108 1,35 .111 ,51,3

= 0,0095 (m)
136 ,094 1,5

_ Ni2:

Chon b day lp cach nhit ng dn hi t cua ca 2 ni la

= 0,01 m =10mm.

* ng dn hi th:
Bang II.2:
dn (m)
tT2 (0C)
(W/m.)
q1 (W/m)

Ni 1
0,6
112,5
0,109
241,7

Ni2
0,6
46,4
0,102
123,15

_ Ni1:
1 =

2,8.0,61, 2.0,109 1,35 .112 ,51,3

= 0,0094 (m)
241 ,71,5

2 =

2,8.0,61, 2.0,102 1,35 .46 ,41,3

= 0,0075 (m)
123 ,15 1,5

_ Ni2:

Chon b day lp cach nhit ng dn hi th cua ca hai ni

la = 0,01m = 10mm.
* ng dn dung dch vao:
Bang II.3:
dn (m)
tT2 (0C)
(W/m.)
q1 (W/m)

Ni 1
0,07
115,7474
0,1095
60,62

Ni2
0,07
107,2578
0,1075
56,67

_ Ni1:
1 =

2,8.0,07 1, 2.0,1095 1, 35 .115 ,7474

60 ,62 1, 5

1, 3

2 =

2,8.0,07 1, 2.0,1075 1, 35 .107 ,2578

56 ,67 1,5

1, 3

= 0,0059 (m)

_ Ni2:
= 0,0058 (m)

Chon b day lp cach nhit cua ng dn dung dch vao la

=0,006 m = 6 mm.
* ng dn dung dch ra:
Do ng knh cua ng dn dung dch vao va ng dn dung
dch ra hn kem nhau khng ang k nn ta co th chon b day
lp cach nhit cua ng dn dung dch ra la = 6mm.
2) Cach nhit cho thn hnh tru:
Chon b day cach nhit cho thn hnh tru cua ca hai ni la
= 13mm =0,013m.
V. Tnh toan cac mt bch:
Mt bch la mt b phn quan trong dung ni cac phn
cua thit bcung nh ni cac b phn khac cua thit b.
Mt bch co yu cu: mi ghep phai lun kn ap sut va
nhit lam vic, lun bn, thao lp nhanh, am bao san
xut hang loat, gia thanh re.

1) Mt bch ni thn thit b vi ay va np:

Chon loai bch lin bng thep loai 1:

Vi Dt= 1,4m = 1400 mm; tra bang XIII.27_Tr 421_STQTTB 2 ta co:

Dt
(mm)

Kch th
D

c
Db

ni

Buto

n
db

D0

h
Z

(m

m)
1400 1640 1590 1560 1513 M20 32
25
2) Mt bch ni thanh thit b vi cac ng dn:
Chon loai bch lin bng kim loai en loai 1:

Da vao ng knh cua cac loai ng dn; tra bang XIII.26_Tr

411,412,415_STQTTB 2 ta co:
ng
dn

Dy

Dn

Kch

(mm) (mm) D

th

ni

Bulon

c
Db

db

h
Z

(mm
)

Hi

300

325

435

395

365

M20

12

22

t
d2

70

76

160

130

110

M12

14

vao
d2 ra
Thao

50
40

57
45

140
130

110
100

90
80

M12
M12

4
4

12
12

nn
VI. Tnh toan tai treo va gia :
1) Tai treo cua thit b:
_ Chon s tai treo cho thit b c c thng ng la 4; tai treo
lam bng thep CT3.
_ Tai trong tac dung ln mt tai treo Q:
Q=

G
(N)
4

Vi G la tai trong cua toan b thit b.

* Trong lng thn bung t: Gth
Gth = .D.S.H. t .g
Vi: t : khi lng ring cua thep; t = 7,85.103 (kg/m3)
D : ng knh cua bung t; Dt = 1,5 (m)
S : B day cua ay bung t; S = 4.10-3 (m)
H : Chiu cao cua bung t; H = 1,8 (m)
g = 9,81 (m/s2)

Gth= 3,14.1,5.4.10-3.1,7.7,85.103.9,81 = 2611,51(N)

* Trong lng cua ng truyn nhit: Gtn
Gtn = n.d. .h.S. t .g
n : S ng truyn nhit; n = 439 ng
d : ng knh ng; d = 0,04 (m)
h : Chiu cao cua ng; h = 1,7 (m)
S : b day cua ng; S = 0,004 (m)

 Gtn = 439.0,04.3,14.1,7.0,004.7,85.103.9,81= 28873,65 (N)

* Trong lng cua cht long trong ng: Gl
Gl= n. .

d2
.h. d .g
4

d = 1,0195 .103(kg/m3)
2

Gl = 439.3,14. 0,04 .1,7.1,0195.103.9,81= 9374,74 (N)

4

* Trong lng v ng: Gv

Gv= ( .

D2
d2
n..
).S. t .g
4
4

S : chiu day cua v ng; S = 0,01m

= (3,14.

1,5 2
0,04 2
- 439.3,14.
).0,01.7,85.103.9,81= 935,55 (N)
4
4

* Trong lng cua ay bung t: G

G= F.S. t .g
F la b mt trong cua ay thit b; F c tnh bng
cach tra bang XIII.21_Tr 394_ STQTTB 2 da vao ng knh
bung t.
Vi D= 1,5 m

F= 3,979 (m2)

S la b day cua ay bung t; S= 0,004 (m)

G= 3,979.0,004.7,85.103.9,81= 1225,67 (N)

* Trong lng cua np bung bc: Gn
Gn= Fn.Sn. t .g
Fn la b mt trong cua np bung bc; F c xac nh
bng cach tra bang XIII.10_ Tr 382_STQTTB 2 da vao ng
knh bung bc.
Vi Db = 1,5 m

Fn= 2,64 (m2)

Sn la b day cua np bung bc; Sn= 0,005 (m)

Gn= 2,64.0,005.7,85.103.9,81= 1016,51 (N)

* Trong lng cua thn bung bc: Gthb

Gthb= .D.H.S. t .g
Vi: D = 1,5 (m)
H = 2 (m)
S = 0,003 (m)

Gthb= 3,14.1,5.2.0,003.7,85.103.9,81= 2176,260 (N)

* Trong lng cua khi cht long: Glb
2

D
Glb= .
.hl. d .g
4

h = 0.5 (m)
2

Glb= 3,14. 1,5 .0,5.1,0195.103.9,81= 8832,39 (N)

4

* Trong lng cua bch:

2

Gb=

h.( D 2 D0 ) .
.
t .g
4

Vi: h = 0,025 (m)

D = 1,64 (m)
D0= 1,513(m)
2
2
Gb= 0,025 .(1,64 1,513 ) .3,14.7,85.103.9,81= 605,17 (N)

* Trong lng thit b:

G = Gth+ Gtn+ Gl+ Gv+ G+ Gn+ Gthb+ Glb+ Gb
= 2611,51+ 28873,65+ 9374,74+ 935,55+ 1225,67+
1016,51+ 2176,260+ 8832,39+ 605,17
= 55651,46 (N)
Tai trong tac dung ln mt tai treo:
Q =G/4 = 55651,46/4 = 13912,86(N) = 1,39.104 (N)
Tra bang XIII.36_Tr 438_STQTTB 2, ta co th chon tai treo chu tai
trong 2,5.104 (N) vi cac thng s nh sau:
F = 173.10-4 m2

L = 150 mm
B = 120 mm
B1= 130 mm
H = 215 mm
S = 8 mm
a = 20 mm
d = 30 mm
2) Chn bung t:
_ S chn cua bung t la 8 chn ; chn c lam
bng thep CT3.
_ Tai trong tac dung ln mt chn la:
Q = G/8
Tnh G:
* Trong lng cua ng truyn nhit :
Gtn= 28873,65 (N)
* Trong lng cua cht long trong ng truyn nhit:
Gl= 9374,74 (N)
* Trong lng cua v ng:
Gv= 935,55 (N)
* Trong lng cua cht long pha bung bc:
Glb= 8832,39 (N)
* Trong lng ng dn hi t:
Gh = d. .H.S. t .g
Vi: d = 0,3 (m)
H = 2 (m)
S = 0,001 (m)

Gh= 0,3.3,14.2.0,001.7,85.103.9,81 = 145,08 (N)

Vy:

G=G

tn

+ Gl+ Gv+ Glb+ Gh= 28873,65+ 9374,74+

935,55+ 8832,39+ 145,08

= 48161,42 (N)
Tai trong ln mt chn bung t:
Q = G/8 = 48161,42/8 = 6020,18(N) = 0,6.104 (N)
Tra bang XIII.35_Tr 437_STQTTB 2, ta co th chon chn chu tai
trong 1.104 (N) vi cac thng s sau:
F = 811.10-4 m2
L = 210 mm
B =150 mm
B1 = 180 mm
B2= 245 mm
H = 300 mm
h = 160 mm
s = 14 mm
l = 75 mm
d =23 mm

Phn III: TNH TOAN THIT B PHU

I. Tnh thap ngng tu Baromet:

Hi th sau khi ra khoi ni c c cui la hi nc bao

hoa co ln mt t kh khng ngng do dung dch mang vao.
Lng hi th nay c dn vao thit b Baromet thu hi
lng nc va tach kh khng ngng.
Chon loai thit b ngng tu Baromet la thit b ngng tu
trc tip, ngc chiu.
Hoat ng: Hi nc cn ngng tu i t di ln tip
xuc trc tip vi dong nc ngui chay t trn xung, ngng
tu thanh long ri chay vao b cha. Kh khng ngng thoat ra
ngoai thit b.
1) Lng nc lanh cn thit ngng tu:
Gn=

W (i C n .t 2 c )
(kg/h)
C n (t 2c t 2 d )

Trong o: W: lng hi ngng i vao thit b ngng tu (kg/h)

i: nhit lng ring cua hi ngng (J/kg)
t2, t2c : nhit u va cui cua nc lanh (0C)
Cn: nhit dung ring trung bnh cua nc (J/kg.)
Chon:

t2 = 250C

t2c = 500C
Ta co:

W = 4826,184 (kg/h)

i= 2582,516 (J/kg)
Cn= 4235,55 (J/kg.)

Gn=

4826 ,184 .( 2582 ,516 .10 3 4235 ,55 .50 )

4235 ,55 .( 50 25 )

= 108053,2183 = 108,053.

103 (kg/h)
2) Lng khng kh va kh khng ngng cn hut ra khoi
thit b:
Vi thit b ngng tu trc tip, lng khng kh va kh khng
ngng cn hut c tnh theo cng thc sau:

Gkk= 0,000025W+ 0,000025Gn+ 0,01W (kg/h)

(VI.47_Tr

84_STQTTB 2)
= 25.10-6.(4826,184+ 108053,2183)+ 0,01.4826,184
= 51,08 (kg/h)
Th tch khng kh 00C va 760 mmHg cn hut la:
Vkk= 0,001[ 0,02(W+ Gn) + 8W]

(VI.48_Tr 84_STQTTB 2)

= 0,001.[0,02.(4826,184+108053,2183) +8.4826,184]
= 40,87 (m3/h)
3) Cac kch thc chu yu cua thit b ngng tu:
3.1) ng knh trong cua thit b:
Thit b ngng tu lam vic vi ap sut Pn = 0,1 (at)
Thng thng ta ly nng sut tnh toan cua thit bi ngng tu
ln hn gp ri nng sut thc t. Khi o ng knh trong
cua thit b c xac nh theo cng thc:
Dtr=1,383.

W .v h
(m)
wh .3600

(VI.52_Tr 84_STQTTB 2)

Trong o: W: lng hi ngng tu; W= 4826,184 (kg/h)

vh: Th tch ring cua hi ngng tu
Vi Pn= 0,1 (at) th ta co vh= 15,016(m3/kg)
wh: Tc cua hi trong thit b ngng tu; Do thit
b lam vic vi ap sut Pn= 0,1 at nn ta co th chon wh= 65
m/s.

Dtr= 1,383.

4826 ,184 .15 ,016

65 .3600

= 0,7696 (m)

Ly theo qui chun Dtr= 0,8 (m)

(Tra bang VI.8_Tr 88_STQTTB 2)

3.2) Kch thc cua tm ngn:

Tm ngn co hnh vin phn am bao lam vic tt, chiu
rng cua tm ngn c xac nh nh sau:

b=

Dtr
+ 50
2

(mm)

(VI.53_Tr 85_STQTTB 2)

b = 800/2 + 50 = 450 (mm)

_Trn tm ngn co nhiu l nho, cac l xp theo hnh luc giac
u.
_Dung nc lam ngui la nc sach nn ta ly ng knh
cac l la 2mm.
_Chon chiu cao cua g tm ngn la 40 mm
_Tc cua tia nc la 0,62 m/s
_Chiu day cua tm ngn S = 4 mm.
3.3) Chiu cao cua thit b ngng tu:
*Mc un nong nc c xac nh theo cng thc sau:
P=

t 2c t 2 d
t bh t 2 d

(VI.56_Tr 85_STQTTB 2)

Trong o: t2d, t2c : nhit u va cui cua nc ti vao

thit b (0C)
tbh : nhit cua hi bao hoa ngng tu (0C)
Ta co:

t2d = 250C

t2c = 500C
tbh = 59,70C

P=

50 25
59 ,7 25

= 0,72

Tra bang VI.7_Tr 86_STQTTB 2, ta chon P theo qui chun P = 0,727

Taco:

_ S bc: 4

_ S ngn: 8
_ Khoang cach gia cac ngn: 300 mm
_ Thi gian ri qua mt bc: 0,35 s
* Chiu cao hu ch cua thit b:
h = (S ngn- 1).Khoang cach gia 2 ngn

= (8- 1).300 = 2100 (mm)

Trong thc t khi hi i trong thit b ngng tu t di ln th
th tch cua no se giam dn, do o khoang cach hp l nht
gia cac ngn cung nn giam dn theo hng t di ln
khoang chng 50 mm cho mi ngn.
* Tra bang VI.8_Tr 88_STQTTB 2 ta co:
_ Khoang cach t ngn trn cung n np thit b: 1300 mm
_ Khoang cach t ngn cui cung n ay cua thit b: 1200
mm
* Vy chiu cao tng cng:
H = 2,1+ 1,3+ 1,2 = 4,6 m
3.4) ng Baromet:
* ng knh ng Baromet:
d=

0,004 .( Gn + W )
(m)
.wn

(VI.57_Tr 86_STQTTB2)

Trong o:
wn : tc cua hn hp nc va cht long a ngng
chay trong ng Baromet.
Chon: wn = 2 m/s

d=

0,004 .(108053 ,2183 + 4826 ,184 )

3,14 .2.3600

= 0,14 (m)

Theo qui chun ta chon: d= 0,2 m.

* Chiu cao cua ng Baromet:
H0 = h1+ h2+ 0,5 (m)

(VI.58_Tr 86_STQTTB 2)

Trong o:
_ 0,5 (m) la chiu cao d tr ngn nga nc dng ln
trong ngva chay tran vao ng ng dn hi khi ap sut
tng.

_h1: Chiu cao ct nc trong ng Baromet cn bng vi

hiu s gia ap sut kh quyn va ap sut trong thit b
ngng tu.
h1= 10,33.

b
(m)
760

(VI.59_Tr 86_STQTTB 2)

Vi b la chn khng trong thit b ngng tu (mmHg).

b = 1- Pn = 1- 0,1= 0,9 (at)
Thay vao cng thc trn ta co:
h1 = 10,33.

0,9.760
= 9,297 (m)
760

_h2: Chiu cao ct nc trong ng Baromet cn khc

phuc toan b tr lc khi nc chay trong ng.
h2=

w2
H
.(1 + .
+ )
2g
d

(m)

(VI.60_Tr 87_STQTTB 2)

Ly h s tr lc khi vao ng 1 =0,5 va khi ra khoi ng 2 =

1 th:
h2 =

w2
H
( 2,5 + . )
2g
d

(m)

(VI.61_Tr 87_STQTTB 2)

Vi: H: toan b chiu cao ng Baromet; H = H0

d: ng knh trong cua ng Baromet; d = 0,2 m
: h s tr lc do ma sat khi nc chay trong ng

Ta co:
Re=

d ..w

Vi: :Khi lng ring cua nc 500C; = 998,1 (kg/m3)

(I.249_Tr 311_STQTTB1)

: nht cua nc 500C; = 0,549.10-3 (N.m/s) (I.249_Tr

311_STQTTB1)

Re=

0,2.998 ,1.2
= 727,213.103
0,549 .10 3

 Re> 4000
Nn ch nc chay trong ng la ch chay xoay.Ch
chay nay chia ra lam 3 khu vc:
_ Khu vc nhn thuy hoc:
d

Re = 6. ( ) 7

(II.60_Tr 378_STQTTB 1)

Vi la nham tuyt i cua thep; = 0,1 (mm)

Thay vao ta co:
8

Regh

0,2
) 7 = 35543,236
= 6. (
0,1.10 3

Do Re> Regh, ta tnh khu vc nham.

Ren= 220. (

d dt

)9 / 8

(II.62_Tr 379_STQTTB 1)

0,2

) 9 / 8 = 1137840,6
Ren= 220. (
3
0,1.10

V Regh< Re< Ren nn nc chay trong vung qua . H s ma

sat c tnh theo cng thc:
= 0,1.(1,46 .

= 0,1.(1,46 .

d td

100 0, 25
)
Re

(II.64_Tr 379_STQTTB 2)

0,1.10 3
100
+
) 0, 25
3
0,2
727 ,213 .10

= 0,01716
thay vao cng thc VI.60 ta co:
h2=

H
22
.( 2,5 + 0,01716 . 0 ) =
2.9,81
0,2

0,51+ 0,0175.H0

Thay vao cng thc VI.58 ta co:

H0= 9,297+ 0,51+ 0,0175.H0+0,5

H0 = 10,13 (m)
Chon chiu cao cua ng Baromet la H0= 10,3 (m).
II. Chon Bm:

1) Chon bm ly tm bm nc ln thit b.
Cng sut bm c tnh theo cng thc:
Q..g .H
1000

N=

(kW)

(3.57_Tr 157_SQTTBTCNHCVTP 1)

Trong o:
* : hiu sut cua bm; co th chon = 0,85
*Q: nng sut th tch cua bm (m3/h)
Q=

Gn

108053 ,2183
3600 .998 ,1

= 0,03 (m3/s)

*H: ap sut toan phn cua bm

H=

P2 P1
+H0 +hms +hi
.g

Vi: _P1, P2 : Ap sut trn mt thoang ch hut va ch y.

P1= 0,1 (at)
P2= 1(at)
_H0 : chiu cao hnh hoc a cht long ln thap.
H0 = H1+ H2
Vi: H1: Chiu cao hut
H2: Chiu cao y
200C th chiu cao hut thng H1= 5(m)

(Tr

156_SQTTBTCNHCVTP)
Chiu cao y = Chiu cao thap + Chiu cao ng Baromet

H2= 4,6+ 10,3 = 14,9 (m)

H0 = H1+ H2 = 5 +14,9= 19,9 (m)
_hms: la tn tht do khc phuc tr lc ma sat trong ng
hut va ng y (m)
Ta co:

hms = (d .

ld
l
w2
+ h . h ).
dd
d h 2g

(1.117_Tr 72_SQTTB 1)

Vi: d , h : H s ma sat theo chiu dai ng y va hut.

ld, lh : Chiu dai ng y va hut

+ng knh ng dn:

d=

4.W

.w.

W: Lng nc o trong ng; W = Gn = 108053,2183 (m3/h)

w: Vn tc nc trong ng; coi vn tc nc trong ng
hut va ng y bng nhau va bng 2 (m/s)

d=
Vy:

4.108053 ,2183
3,14 .2.998 ,1.3600

= 0,14 (m)

dh= d= 0,14 (m)

+H s ma sat:
Vi ng hut:

Re =

w.d .

w = 2 (m/s)
d = 0,14 (m)

= 998,1 (kg/m3)

= 0,549.10-3(N.m/s)

Re=

2.0,14 .998 ,1
= 509,05.103
0,549 .10 3
8

8
7

0,14
) 7 = 23,644.103
Regh= 6 ( ) = 6. (
0,1.10 3

( nham tuyt

i cua thep =0,1mm )

9

0,14

) 8 = 761,757.10
Ren= 220 ( ) 8 = 220 (
3
0
,
1
.
10

Regh< Re < Re

h = 0,1.(1,46 .

100 0, 25
0,1.10 3
100
)
+
) 0, 25 = 0,0188
= 0,1.(1,46 .
Re
0,14
509 ,05 .10 3

Tng t ta co: d = h = 0,0188

+Chiu dai ng y va hut:
H s tr lc cuc b:
Vi ng hut:

Trn ng hut co lp mt van iu chnh lu lng. Vi d=

0,14m, tra bang II.16_Phn 21_ Tr 397_STQTTB 1, ta co: 1 = 4,34
Ngoai ra con co lp mt khuyu co goc =900, tra bang
II.16_Phn 15_Tr 394_STQTTB 1, ta co: 2 = 1,1.

= 1 + 2 = 4,34+1,1= 5,44

Chon chiu dai ng hut lh = 8 m

Vi ng y:
Co mt van iu chnh lu lng. Vi d = 0,14m , tra bang
II.16_Phn 21_Tr 397_ STQTTB 1, ta co: 1 = 4,34
Co mt tr lc t m,da vao bang II.16_Phn 6_Tr 387_
STQTTB 1, chon 2 = 0,01
Co mt truc khuyu vi goc =900, tra bang II.16_Phn 15_Tr
394_STQTTB 1, ta co: 3 = 1,1

= 1 + 2 + 3 = 4,34+ 0,01+ 1,1= 5,45

Chon chiu dai ng y la l= 16,6 m

hms+ hi=

(0,0188 .

16 ,6
8
22
+ 0,0188 .
+ 5,44 + 5,45 + 2).
0,14
0,14
9,81

H =

(1 0,1). 9,81 .10 4

998 ,1.9,81

N =

Q..g .H
1000

= 6,6 (m)

+19,9 + 6,6= 35,52 (m)

0,03 .998 ,1.9,81 .35 ,52

1000 .0,85

= 12,3 (kW)

Cng sut cua m t chay bm:

N

Nm= .
tr
m
Vi: tr : Hiu sut truyn ng; chon tr = 0,9
m : Hiu sut m t; chon m = 0,9

Nm=

12 ,3
0,9.0,9

= 14,81 (kW)

Thng thng chon cng sut m t tnh toan bng 1,2 ln cng
sut m t ly thuyt tranh qua tai.

Vy Nm(tt)= 1,2. 14,81= 17.78 (kW)

2) Tnh bm chn khng cho thit b ngng tu:
a) ng knh ng dn kh khng ngng ra khoi thap:
d=

Vk
0,785 .wk

Vi: Vk la th tch kh; Vk= 40,87 (m3/h)

wk la vn tc kh; chon wk= 30 (m/s)

d=

40 ,87
0,785 .30 .3600

= 0,022 m = 22 mm

Chon d = 25 mm.
b) Cng sut bm:
Bm chn khng lam vic vi nng sut nho, ta chon bm chn
khng kiu pittng hut khng kh kh ra ngoai.
_ Cng sut ly thuyt:
N=

Q.L
1000

(Tr 128_ SQTTB1)

Trong o:
Q: Lng kh c hut (kg/h)
L: Cng sut nen ly thuyt oan nhit (J/kg)
P
k
.( P1 v k )[( 2 )
L=
k +1
P1

k 1
k

1]

(3.3_Tr 199_SQTTb 1)

Vi: k la ch s a bin; vi khng kh k= 1,4

P1, P2 la ap sut kh hut va y; P1= 0,1 at, P2= 1 at
vk la th tch ring cua khng kh.
k 1
Vk
P2 k
k
N=
.P1 .
[(
)
1]
k 1
1000
p1

1,4
40 ,87
1
.0,1.9,81 .10 4.
.[(
)
1,4 1
1000 .3600
0,1

_ Cng sut ng c in:

1, 4 1
14

1] = 0,36 (kW)

Nc=

(Tr 129_SQTTB 1)

Vi: c la hiu sut chung; c =ck .dc .tr

Chon : ck = 0,85; dc = 0,95; tr = 0,91
0,36
0,85 .0,95 .0,91

Nc=

= 0,49 (kW)

_ ng c d tr:
Nt= 1,15. Nc= 1,15. 0,49= 0,56 (kW)
3) Bm bm dung dch u vao thung cao v:
_ Chon bm ly tm
_ Dung dch bm ban u co nhit thng la t= 270C va co
nng la 6%.
Khi o:
BaCl

= 1,051.103 (kg/m3)

BaCl

= 0,472.10-3 (N.s/m2)

Chon tc i vao cua dung dch trong ng hut va ng y

la w = 0,88 (m/s)
_ ng knh ng hut va y:
d=

d=

4.G d
.w.

Gd la lng dung dch u; Gd= 12000(kg/h)

4.12000
3,14 .0,88 .1,051 .10 3.3600

= 0,068 (m) = 68 mm

Chon d = 70 mm
_H s ma sat:
Re =

w.d .

=
d

0,88 .0,07 .1,051 .10 3

= 137,164.103
0,472 .10 3

0,07

) 7 = 10,708.103
Regh= 6 ( ) 7 = 6. (
0,1.10 3

9
8

0,07
) 8 = 397,267.103
Ren= 220 ( ) = 220. (
3
0,1.10

 Regh< Re < Re

h = 0,1.(1,46 .

100 0, 25
0,1.10 3
100
+
) 0 , 25 = 0,023
)
= 0,1. (1,46 .
0
,
07
137
,
164
Re

_ H s tr lc cuc b:
Mt van mt chiu iu khin co 1 =4,05

+ng hut:

Mt khuyu 900 co 2 = 1,1.

= 1 + 2 = 4,05+1,1= 5,05
Mt van iu chnh co 1 =4,05

+ng y:

Mt khuyu 900 co 2 = 1,1

Mt tr lc t n co 3 = 0,01

= 1 + 2 + 3 = 4,05+1,1+ 0,01= 5,06

_Chon chiu cao ng hut:

Hh = 5(m)

_Chon chiu cao ng y:

H= 9(m)

_Chiu dai ng hut:

lh= 6(m)

_Chiu dai ng y:

l= 12(m)

_Tng tr lc do ma sat cuc b:

hi+hms

= (d .

ld
l
w2
+ h . h + h + d + 2).
dd
dh
2g

(0,023 .

12
6
0,88 2
+ 0,023 .
+ 5,05 + 5,06 + 2).
0,07
0,07
2.9,81

= 0,71 (m)

_Mt thoang cht long tai thung cha va thung cao v co ap

sut tng ng nhau nn ap sut toan phn cua bm la:
H= Hh+ H+ hi+ hms= 5+9+0,71= 14,71 (m)
_ Cng sut cua bm:
N=

G d ..g .H
12000 .9,81 .14 ,71
= 1000 .0,85 .3600 = 0,57 (kW)
1000 .

_ Cng sut cua m t:

N

Nm = .
tr
m
Vi: tr : Hiu sut truyn ng; chon tr = 0,9

m : Hiu sut m t; chon m = 0,9

Nm=

0,57
0,9.0,9

= 0,7(kW)

_ Cng sut d tr: Thng ly ln hn 1,2 ln nhm tranh

qua tai:
Nt= Nm.1,2= 1,2.0,7= 0,84 (kW)