VITAL SIGNS Temp 37.0C to 37.5C or 96.8F to 99.

5F Pulse 60 100 beats/min Resp 12 20 breaths/min BP 90 / 60 to 140 / 90 Pulse pressure If greater than 50 = widening pulse pressure = ICP If narrowing = dehydration Pulse deficit normal 1 to 2 If > 2, positive for cardiac output alterations ACID-BASE BALANCE (ABG) pH 7.35 7.45 pH PaCO2 35 45 mmHg HCO3 22 26 PaO2 75 100 mmHg O2 Sat 96% 100% pulse oximeter SERUM ELECTROLYTES Mg+ Magnesium 1.5 2.5 mEq/L PO43- Phosphorus 1.7 2.6 mEq/L K+ Potassium 3.5 5.0 mEq/L Calcium 4.5 5.5 mEq/L Ca2+ ClChlorine 98 106 mEq/L Na+ Sodium 135 145 mEq/L SERUM VALUES Hct 35 55 % Male 45-55% Female 35-45% Hgb 12 18 mg/dL M14-18 F 12-16 Osmolality 275 295 mosm/kg ESR 15 mm/hr Male 20 mm/hr Female PTT 16-25 sec, therapeutic 1.5 2.5x heparin PT 10 14 sec, 1.5 2.5x coumadin BUN 5 25 mg/dL Creatinine 0.6 1.5 mg/dL Uric acid 3.0 7.0 mg/dL Ammonia 12 55 mol/L BLOOD COMPOSITION Erythrocytes 4 6 Million Leukocytes 4 11 Thou Granulocytes Neutrophils 3 7 Thou Eosinophils 100-400 Basophils 20 - 50 Agranulocytes Lymphocytes 1500 - 3000 Monocytes 100 - 700 Platelets 250 500 Thou

CALCULATIONS
MEDICATIONS Drops = volume (mL) Minute time (hour)

x (hour) x drip (gtts)

(mins)

factor (mL)

PEDIATRIC DOSE Freids Rule: adult dose = 150 months Age in months ----------------------- x Adult Dose 150 months Youngs Rule: adult = 12 years Age in years ---------------------------- x Adult Dose Age in year + 12 yrs

Clarks Rule: adult weight = 150 lbs Weight in pounds ----------------------- x Adult Dose 150 lbs Body Surface Area calculation Surface area in sq.mtrs ------------------------------- x Adult Dose 1.73 sq.mtrs. VOLUME - LIQUID mg/dL = 1.2 mEq/L 1 drop = 0.06 mL = 1 minim 1 milliliter = 15 gtts = 1 cc = 15 to 16 minim (min xvi) 1 tsp = 5 mL = 1 dram = 60 gtts 1 tbsp = 3 tsp = 15 mL 1 fl. ounce = 2 tbsp = 30 mL = 6 tsp 1 glass = 8 oz = 240 mL 1 pint = 2 glasses = 16 ounces = 473.16 mL 1 fl dram = 60 minim 1 quart = 2 pints 1 gallon = 4 quarts = 3.785 liters 1 liter = 1.06 qt = 61.025 sq in = 270.5 drams = 33.81 fl oz 1000 parts per million (ppm) = 0.1% 1 kilocalorie = 4184 joules WEIGHT DRY 1 grain = 60 65 mg 1 dram = 60 grain 1 ounce = 8 dram = 31.1 gram 1 pound = 16 ounces 1 peck = 8 quarts 1 gram = gr xv or xvi 1000 mg = gr xv or xvi DISTANCE 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters 1 meter = 1.0936 yards = 3.2808 feet 1 yard = 3 feet 1 mile = 5280 ft = 1.609 kms WRITING CONVENTION grain (gr ss) 1 grain ( gr i ) 10 grain gr x 8 grain gr viii BODY WEIGHT Ideal BW (male) = 50 kgs + [(height 5 ft) x 2.3] Ideal BW (female) = 45.5 kgs + [(inches 5 ft) x 2.3] Body Surface Area (wt in kgs x 0.425) + (ht in cms x 0.725) BSA = ----------------------------------------------------139.315

CONVERSION 100F = 37.78C