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Lec5 - UML Overview
Lec5 - UML Overview
Ti liu
Zhiming Li Obj t O i t d Zhi i Liu, Object-Oriented Software Development with UML, UNU/IIST Report http://uml.org/
M hnh ha
M hnh l kt qu ca phn tch v thit k L s n gin ha thc t, cho php hiu r hn h thng cn pht trin M hnh cho php:
Ci nhn trc q quan v h thng ang c hoc g g hng ti Kim chng h thng bi khch hng Cung cp nhng ch dn xy dng h thng Ti liu ha h thng
M hnh ha
Tn ti hi T t i nhiu cch m hnh ha mt h th h h h h t thng
M hnh ph hp s lm cho vic gii bi ton d hn
Khng c m hnh no l y
Cn tip cn (hiu) h thng thng qua nhiu m hnh khc nhau
V d v m hnh
Th gii thc
M hnh: Qu a cu hc sinh
Th gii thc
Lm ch
Con ngi
Sch
M hnh
V d
OOPSLA 95
UML 0.8 Cc phng php khc UML 0.9 1998 2001 UML 1.2 UML 1.3 UML 1.4 UML 1 5 1.5 UML 2.0
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UML 1.0
UML 1 1 1.1
2003 2005
Mc ch ca UML
Biu din ton b h thng To s lin kt gia cc khi nim (concepts) v h thng v cc artifacts thc hin c Va trc quan ( q (hng ngi dng) va h g g g) tr kh nng t ng ha (my) Mt ngn ng chung:
S dng c vi nhiu phng php khc nhau p ng tt c cc giai on trong pht trin phn mm
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c t
Mt cch chnh xc v ton din
Xy dng
Cc lp, cc quan h c th c nh x vo chng trnh thc
Lm ti liu
Cc biu , cc ghi ch, cc rng buc, , g , g ,
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Phm vi ng dng
H thng thng tin doanh nghip Ngn hng v cc dch v ti chnh Vin th Vi thng Giao thng Qun s v hng khng (h nhng) Khoa hc Cc ng dng phn tn trn web
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K php
Person name : String age : Integer eat() talk() Class Cl Comparable Borrow
Interface I t f
Use U case
call Message
borrowed State
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K php (tip)
Dependence
Association
Inheritance
Realisation
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15
16
Logical view Scenarios (Use cases) Process view Lung, tin trnh nhim v, tng tc
Development D l t view
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18
Nhn nhn cc trng thi/lung cng vic Nhn nhn v cch thc tng tc g
Cc kch bn ca cc ca s dng
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Gip h Gi cho:
D dng pht trin Nhn thy kh nng ti s dng y g g Qun l cu hnh
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22
23
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Xc nh ca s dng
Xc nh cc tc nhn s dng
Ngi hoc h thng khc
Biu ca s dng
Th vin t trc Bit sch mn Khch hng Bit sch hin c h hi Thm sch mi Tr li sch Nhn i Nh vin Cho mn
Biu ca s dng
Th vin Bit sch mn t trc extend Khch hng Bit sch hin c Thm sch mi Tr li sch Nhn vin Cho mn include include nh danh
Kch bn ca mt ca s dng
t trc sch
Class diagram: Xc nh cc lp
Ngi qun l th vin mong mun t ng ha vic mn sch Cn mt phn mm cho php ngi s dng bit sch hin c, c th t mn 2 quyn sch, nhng ngi tham gia mn sch c th bit sch no mn hoc t Nhng ngi tham gia mn sch s hu mt password truy nhp Vic mn sch c thc hin bi cc th th, sau khi xc nh ngi mn sch, h bit g , c ngi ny c c php mn hay khng? (ti a 5 quyn), ngi ny c u tin? ( t trc)
UML Class Diagrams 30
Xc nh cc lin kt
employer 1 employ 1 1..* employee Librarian 1 Library 1 contain 1..* 0..2 Book 0..5 borrowed 1 1..* 1 * register
reserved 1
1..* Participant
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Xc nh cc thuc tnh
employer 1 employ 1 1..* employee Librarian 1 Library 1 contain 1..* 0..2 Book 0..5 1..* 1 * register
reserved 1
1..*
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reserved 1
1..* Participant
Biu tun t
Th t tng tc gia cc i tng Biu din theo th t thi gian
c biu t nh xung y Mi i tng c vng i (Lifeline)
Bt u khi hnh thnh i tng, kt thc khi ph g, p hy i tng Thng ip c v gia hai i tng th hin i tng gi phng thc ca i tng khc Thng ip phn thn: i tng yu cu thc hin phng thc ca chnh n
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Component Diagram
Biu thnh phn (Component diagrams) biu din s t chc v ph thuc gia cc thnh phn phn mm
Register.exe R i t
People.dll Course.dll
Course
User
Professor
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Deployment Diagram
Biu trin khai (deployment diagram) biu din cu hnh ca cc phn t ca h thng v mi lin quan
Registration R i t ti Database
Library Dorm
Main Building
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Deployment Diagram
Client
Server
Application Server
Fulfillment System y
Financial System y
Inventory System y
RDBMS Server
Native languages
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Bi tp
T th hnh St UML thc h h Star V biu use case cho bi ton c i giao phn tch h t h V biu class cho bi ton ang c giao thit k i hi
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UML Partners
Rational Software Corporation Hewlett-Packard I-Logix IBM ICON Computing Intellicorp MCI Systemhouse y Microsoft ObjecTime Oracle Platinum Technology Taskon Texas Instruments/Sterling Software Unisys
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Harel
Statecharts
Gamma, et al
Frameworks and patterns,
HP Fusion
Booch method
Booch
Rumbaugh
Object Modeling Technique
Embley
Jacobson
Wirfs-Brock
Responsibilities
Shlaer - Mellor
Object lifecycles
Odell
Classification
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3 phn t c bn ca UML
1. 1 Cc khi c bn xy dng
Cc thc th s dng Cc khi nim lin quan Cc biu Cc lut ng ngha Cc lut trnh by c t Trnh by M rng m hnh
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Object Diagram
Biu din thc th v lin kt c xy dng giai on phn tch t h v thit k Mc ch
Minh ha cu trc d liu/i tng g c t snapshots
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